OPEN CLOZE 2 1. ESC Dear members of ESC,
As you’ve probably noticed, ESC has ___1___ major changes in the last few weeks.
Here is the weekly ____2___ regarding the changes:
- President Jay has decided to ___3___ down, farewel party wil be held on the 3rd of
July. Thank you and goodbye Jay!
- “Obstacles” and “Tremor” are voted as the most emotional photos submitted last week
and wil be displayed in the hal , the former was taken by David P. and the ___4___ was by John A.
- The monthly examination is ___5____ the way, we wish you the best of luck!
Remember, if you score less than 50, you wil be eliminated and wil have
to ____6___ the next month’s entrance exam.
- We have ____7____ to reach an agreement with the Media Department after lengthy
discussion. You wil be seeing a much more lively atmosphere ___8___ the next meeting.
Also, here’s a sneak peak of the new film, made entirely by ESC staffs! We’d like to
thank Jonathan for ___9___ up al night to cope with the deadline.
That’s __10____! Have a fine week, we’l see you again next week 2. A belated confession
“I have been having a crush on you for the past 4 years, I never had the ___1___ to tel
you, but I can’t be so cowardly anymore.” said T. as he caught Th.’s hand in the crowd watching fireworks.
Th. was taken ____2___ by T.’s words, both because he appeared out of nowhere and
also never had she expected a boy, so silent and seemed uninterested in class’ business, would like her.
“T.? Why are you here? I thought you said you wouldn’t come.”
“-Listen, we don’t have much time _____3____, I’m moving to another country, this wil
be the last ____4____ we can be together until a few more years” “Why didn’t you tel -“
“-I realized that I had made a mistake, a huge one. I had always been such
an ____5____, never made an effort to make friends, but you always tried
to ____6____ me, you truly changed me, and so I don’t want to lose you.”
No ____7____ words were said, they slowly turned to the sky. Little does T. know, Th.
had also had something for him, but she had been afraid that her friends would’ve
teased her. Ever since her boyfriend ____8____ her and her friends turned their back on
her, T. has always been there for her, he never talked much, mostly listen, but that’s enough for her.
At that ___9____ moment, she knew she didn’t want to let him go, but then it was too
late. He’d always been stoic, never wanted others to worry about him, so he decided to
keep it a secret before he leaves. That night, there wasn’t ____10____ his first kiss but
also her first time feeling truly cared about and loved.
3. The Lord of the Rings
The Lord of the Rings is a ___1____ comprising 3 films: The Fel owship of the Ring, The
Two Towers and The Return of the King. They are ____2____ by Peter Jackson, based
on the novel The Lord of The Rings written by J. R. R. Tolkien.
Set in the _____3____ Middle-Earth lore, the films tel the story of the hobbit Frodo
Baggins as he, together with his companions, ____4____ on a quest to destroy the One
Ring, thus ensure the destruction of its maker, the Dark Lord Sauron.
The series was a success, being one of the highest-____5___ film series. The films also
won 17 out of 30 total Academy Award nominations, with the last film winning al of its 11
Academy Award nominations, making it one of the most Academy Awards received films. 4. Philosophy
I’m tel ing you, this has gotta be one of the most hated ____1____ at school. Taken from
Greek, φιλοσοφία, which means "love of wisdom", ____2____ which you contemplate
every matter people could think of, from the _____3____ of mankind to cosmic
phenomenons, anything can be argued about.
Philosophy is believe to help improve thinking, as it requires you to, wel , think, therefore
better your memory and _____4____ off dementia. However, this isn’t proven to be true,
as people are interested in different topics, they may not want to do research into the
“fundamental, basic” subjects that most people are ____5_____ to have a wide
knowledge of. It does make you sound ____6____ to your friends in a discussion, but it
certainly doesn’t help improve your chances of good employment, would you expect a
janitor to have thorough experience with Marxism–Leninism?
The problem with studying philosophy is that it lacks ____7____ utility, which is a
menace to the amount of students enrol ing for Philosophy ____8_____. Philosophy
departments usual y try to convince people that many successful people have studied
philosophy in col ege. For instance, Princeton department lists wel -known people from
non-related fields but studied philosophy and then ____9____ to the conclusion that
philosophy can be useful for a lot of jobs. But that is a poor _____10_____, as many
famous people can’t show how philosophy helped them to be successful. 5. Cannibalism?
We’ve al had moments where we felt desperate to ___1____ anything. But what if your
only option was human flesh? Most of us have heard of cannibalism but what happens when you eat humans?
If we look at insects, snails, fish or amphibians, we can see that cannibalism is
abundant. But when it comes to mammals, cannibalism is more rare, often triggered by
environmental stressors _____2_____ when rabbits eat their young under stressful situations.
In the 20th ____3____, medicinal cannibalism was used in Europe where human blood
was prescribed as a remedy. _____4____ proper care and preparation, you run the risk
of contracting any bloodborne disease like Hepatitits or Ebola that your victim may be carrying.
Your thigh is around 10 thousand calories, your heart 700 and your entire body around
81 thousand calories. But about half of these calories come ____5____ Adipose or fat
tissue so you aren’t the best meat for those on a diet.
Anecdotal accounts say we taste somewhere ____6_____ pork and veal, and a cute
culinary robot identified us as bacon. There’s stil an even greater risk in something
cal ed Prion. Prion could be understood as an infectious protein. They can change
healthy proteins, causing a chain reaction and creating disease.
In the 1950s, researchers discovered that several _____7_____ of the Foray people, a
tribal group in Papua New Guinea were ____8____ from a disease cal ed “Kuru”, which
caused those infected to lose control of their emotions then bodily functions, eventual y
succumbing to death. It turns out that Kuru was a Prion disease which was contracted
through their funeral practices. The Foray people believed it was better for the body to
be eaten by the people who loved them _____9____ by worms or insects.
So while eating human flesh isn’t necessarily always bad for you, especial y if it lacks
Prions, doing so carries incredibly high risks that probably ____10___ worth it. 6. Orangutans Language
Orangutans are highly developed......1.......At the National Zoo in Washington D.C, Rob
Shumaker ..........2....... the Orangutan Language Project which shows that orangutans
can communicate through language. Shumaker believes that orangutans
in........3..........need a stimulating physical and mental environment. The zoo al ows the
orangutans to move around freely with........4........of where to go. They also choose
whether to participate in the language programme or not. Shumaker works with Inda and
Azie, who are sister and brother orangutans. Inda is learning a vocabulary of symbols
that she connects with everyday ……5……She performs computer exercise to test what
she knows. Inda uses the symbols to indicate words and to form ……6……sentences.
However, Azie isn’t always interested in communicating as her sister.
Shumaker’s project is part of an exhibit cal ed Think Tank, which explores the……7……
of thinking. The programme involves zoo visitors and brings animal research to the
public. Think Tank ……8……to educate people and increase conversation effort.
Shumaker adds that by learning more about mental abilities of orangutans,
people’s ……9……for them wil increase. 7. Cats
Cats of al kinds are present in the legends, religion, mythology, and history of many
different .......1...... Cave paintings created by early humans display different types of wild
cats who are now....2...., or no longer around. Many of these great beasts saw humans
as food, but were hunted by humans....3..... return. Cats similar to the ones kept
as.....4..... today started showing up in artwork thousands of years ago. For example, the
ancient Egyptians believed cats were the sacred, or special, animal of a goddess named
Bast. They believed that Bast often appeared.......5....... a cat, so many ancient
Egyptians respected and.......6...... cats and kittens. However, other cultures feared cats
or thought that they brought il nesses and bad luck. Today, with mil ions kept as pets in
homes around the world, cats have become important members of many families. No
one knows for.....7.....when how cats became very popular household pets. It s possible
that people noticed how cats hunted mice and rats, so they set food and milk out to keep
the cats near their homes. This helped to prevent too many of these.......8...... from
coming into homes and eating people's food or spreading sickness. 8. Nuclear impact
70 years ago, the nuclear bombs dropped over Hiroshima and Nagasaki exploded and
to ____1____ day remained the only use of nuclear weapons for warfare. But with
around 50,000 ____2_____ remaining in the world, what happens if we have a nuclear war?
The impact of a single nuclear bomb depends on many ____3___ like the weather,
weapon design and geographical layout of where the bomb hits, and if it explodes in the
air or on the ground. Approximately 35% of the energy comes in the form of thermal
radiation or heat. Since thermal radiation travels at approximately the speed of light. The
flash of light and the heat come several seconds before the blast wave. And this causes
flashblindness to anyone looking. A ____4_____ blindness of a few minutes.
Thermal radiation burns happen closer to the burn with 1st degree burns occurring
around 11km, 2nd degree burns at 10km and 3rd degree burn destroying skin tissue at
8km. 3rd degree burn that covers over 24% of the body wil likely
be _____5____ without quick medical care. The Hiroshima explosion was estimated to
be 300,000 degrees Celcius, which is 300 times harder than the process
of _____6____ (in which dead bodies are incinerated)
When a 1 megaton bomb explodes, within a 6km radius, there would be an estimated
180 tons of force on the wal of every two-____7____ buildings, with wind speed at
around 255 km/ hour. Within a 1km radius, the peak pressure is four times greater, and
wind speed reaches 756 km/hour. The human body can ____8____ this amount of
pressure, however, the wind would create fatal col isions with nearby objects. So, deaths
would largely be from col apsed buildings.
If you happen to survive al above, now you have to worry about radiation. Not al
radiation are harmful, we’re exposed to different forms of radiation everyday like our
phones but ionizing radiation at the center of a nuclear bomb has enough energy to rip electrons from atoms.
Then there is the fal out, when a bomb is detonated on or near the surface of the earth,
the blast creates a crater and the material that used to be deposited in the crater is
carried up into the air as vaporized dirt particles forming the familiar _____9___ cloud.
These particles become radioactive and eventual y condense, and come back down as
fal out. Depending on wind conditions, radioactive fal out can travel for hundreds of
miles. For the most part, you can’t detect fal out with your _____10____.
Luckily, fal out radiation decays very quickly, and within 2 weeks, material wil have
declined to about 1% of its ___11____ radiation level. But you’d have to stay in a shelter
until then. So what if a multi-bomb nuclear war broke out? A recent study imagined 100
bombs similar to the size of the Hiroshima bomb detonated if India and Pakistan went to
war, these countries have relatively smal stockpile compared to the US, China and
Russia, however, they would stil cause huge damage.
After the nuclear exchange, 5 megatons of black carbon would immediately enter the
atmosphere, causing global temperatures to fal and receive 9% less rain annual y.
Though these changes sounds smal , they could be enough to trigger crop failures and
eventual y ______12_____. 9. Journey of a decade
To the grief of mil ions of fans al over the world, the last chapter of Naruto was (1)
_____ on 4th August 2015, marking the end of this pre-eminent series. During its
pinnacle, Naruto reigned (2) _____ in the manga world ranking among the most popular
and favored mangas such as Doraemon and Ushio&Tora, (3) _____ to by its
omnipresence not only on the internet but also in real life. Since its first publication in
March 2000, Naruto has gained significant popularity for both its fascinating drawings
and original (4) _____. The story is (5) _____ with al the hardships that Naruto, the main
and (6) _____ character, went through to achieve everyone’s recognition and realize his
dream of becoming Hokage (Leader of the Hidden leaf vil age), who assumes the
responsibility for thwarting the plans of the evil forces. Naruto together with his childhood
friend Sasuke underwent innumerable battles and separation as wel when Sasuke
joined the Akatsuki. In the end, they combined (7) _____ with the ninja al iance to defeat
their archenemy and (8) _____ the world. Over the last decade, the series has never
ceased to inspire and enrich our knowledge with its priceless sentimental values. Having
this great success to his (9) _____, Masashi Kishimoto, the author of this phenomenal
series, though no prolific writer, has proved himself a distinguished artist in the
profession, thereby earning the utmost respect from al his fans and other mangakas.
Though having come to an end, Naruto has obviously found an (10) ____ in the hearts
of mil ions of readers and wil continue to entrance the next generations doubtlessly. For
the time being, we can take a short rest to recal the wondrous time we have been
through while waiting for Kishimoto’s next auspicious work of art. 10.