ĐẠI HỌC HUẾ
BÀI THI GIỮA NGÔN NGỮ VÀ VĂN HÓA
VIÊN ĐÀO TẠO MỞ & CNTT
Thời gian làm bài: Deadline Đề số 01
Cán bộ coi thi (ký, ghi rõ họ tên)
Họ tên: NGUYỄN THANH TÙNG
............................................ Ngày sinh: 07/03/1977 M số HV: 7057200014 Lớp: Quảng trị
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Ngày thi: .....02/01/2024.............   Điểm CB chấm thi 1  
(Bài thi gồm có 07 trang)
What cultural factors affect your communication? Main ideas:  Languages spoken.  Risk perception.
 Trusted sources of information.
 Traditional family roles and relationships.
 Acceptable forms of communication.
1/ Spoken language affects communication
Language plays an important role in the development of human society. It is the main means to
communication between individuals, groups and countries. English as a second
language. main concern of many people. There are basically four modules involved
in the process of learning a second language. They are listening, reading, writing
and speaking. In communicating in English,
Mastering these four modules is of great significance. Speaking and writing skills,
as effective modules, are often
more difficult for communicators. In this essay, starting from language, related to
communication between people through speaking and writing skills, the direct
impact on communication is analyzed specifically and in depth. That's right,
language cannot be eliminated from affecting communication. In fact, it has been
proven that if you do not know the words, you cannot communicate whether it is
speaking in person or writing an email. The first thing you can do is improve your communication skills
language acquisition and language use. Language acquisition consists of four
modules: listening, speaking, reading, and writing.
2/ Perception affects communication
Perception is how we see the world, and each of us sees the world differently. As
a result, each of us begins the conversation with different ways of saying and doing
things. Perception directly affects how we communicate. Normally, we perceive
based on our frame of reference, which includes our background, attitudes, beliefs,
experiences, and culture. These aspects not only influence our internal
communication but also drive the way we communicate on a daily basis with
others. Perception colors the way we create and respond to messages. The way we
express ourselves in communication clearly evaluates our relationships and
assessments with things and events, and how we see what happens after that phenomenon.
Remember that when you talk to other people, they have their own frame of
reference that governs their thought process. No two people have identical frames
of reference! Each individual's battle system forms personal characteristics.
Evaluate how you and I view the world. Based on that awareness, accept
communication with the other person. Understand how they perceive reality and
how they might also evaluate your worldview. At the same time, evaluate your
perception somewhat subjectively. The important thing here is to explain how each
person's cognitive vision affects communication.
3/ Source of information affects communication
We take in information through all five senses, but our field of perception (the
world around us) includes so many stimuli that our brain cannot process and make
sense of it all. Selection is the first part of the cognitive process, in which we focus
our attention on some incoming sensory information. In communication, receiving
information is important, but more important is how you trust that information,
whether you accept it or not. The information being exchanged is evaluated
objectively for its existing authenticity. Or predict information in communication.
Receiving from the senses is something that already exists. Authentication using
human knowledge is an authentication that is abstract, conjectural, and speculative.
Speaking to confirm information is a matter of communication, convincing the
other person to confirm or mutually confirm the correctness of the information to
be exchanged and reach a consensus. From there, it shows that communication
really needs the purpose of the information to be communicated. In other words,
identifying information directly affects communication.
4/ Traditional family roles and relationships influence communication
- Differences in East - West communication culture
We all know that Eastern and Western communication cultures have differences,
for example: Westerners tend to be logical, so they tend to use straightforward,
direct speech, while Eastern people tend to use emotions, so they tend to use talking
in circles; Westerners like to show off their bravery and self-confidence, while
Asians tend to prefer gentle communication (Di Hoa Vi Quy), self-humility (Xung
Khiem Ho Ton);... these characteristics are very evident. clearly in family
communication, on the other hand, due to the impact of status in communication,
people with lower communication roles often have to choose the correct way of
addressing and speaking, otherwise they will be considered snobby and indifferent. , even rude...
In family communication, due to the influence of upper and lower communication
roles, the person with the higher communication role usually uses direct, more or
less imposing speech, even when giving or inviting. For example: Eat the soup, it's
delicious!; Do you like that pen, I give it!,... In these cases, sometimes the need for
face is not affected depending on the subject of communication, the level of
intimacy, the context,... but the person in charge of the communication role is not
affected. People with higher communication roles should also pay attention to limit
imposition because sometimes it negatively impacts the need for face of people
with lower communication roles and in fact, there have been many collisions and even conflicts.
- Communicate and behave within the family
Communication and behavior in the family is an important activity that contributes
to the family's functions of birth, education, and nurturing. Through behavioral
communication, family members weave family relationships with the social
community. Family is a peaceful shelter that satisfies spiritual, mental and
emotional needs, alleviating people's hardships in life. In modern society, family
time is gradually shrinking, so family communication must be truly effective,
bringing a good spiritual life to the family and family members.
Each family member also has communication with the social community that the
family member represents. In offices and public places, family members
communicate to meet their own needs, demonstrate their family's cultural level,
and create certain effects that affect themselves, their families, and the community. and society.
Behavior in family life is how a person behaves in family, clan and other
relationships, and is how he or she behaves before social norms and with nature.
The behavioral culture in Vietnamese family life today inevitably inherits national
cultural values and accepts new values such as equality and democracy in
accordance with the development of the times.
5/ Acceptable forms of communication in society affect communication
- What are the different communication methods?
There are different methods of communication, and these include:  Verbal communication.  Non-verbal communication.  Written communication.  Listening.  Visual communication.
The way in which you communicate depends on who you are communicating with,
and the purpose of this communication. Different communication methods are
suited to different situations and you can decide which is most appropriate for
conveying your message and communicating most effectively.
- How are different communication methods used?
There are several different ways individuals communicate with each other.
The main types of communication people use on a daily basis are:  Verbal.  Non-verbal.  Written.  Visual.
Each one can be important in different ways and they are often used together. For
example, non-verbal communication is used alongside verbal communication with
the use of facial expressions, body language, hand gestures and head nodding.
Verbal communication can be used in a variety of ways. This includes
communicating on a one-to-one basis or in a group setting. Verbal communication
can take place in person, over the telephone, by video conference or voice message.
Verbal communication is also used on television, social media and news outlets.
Written communication can be useful in a variety of ways both in a formal and
informal setting. This can include letters, legal documents, reports, emails and social media.
- How do communication methods change with different groups of people?
Methods of communication will change depending upon the people who are
communicating with each other and the context of that communication. For
example, an email between two professional people would sound different
compared to an email between two friends, as the formality and tone would differ.
Communication methods may also change depending upon the understanding of
the subject matter by the person receiving the message. For example, if there was
a training course for beginners, the language would not be as complex and more visual aids may be used. - Verbal communication
Verbal communication is when we use the spoken word to communicate with
others. This can be face to face with another person or group of people, or over the
telephone or video call, for example Skype or Zoom. Face-to-face verbal
communication is usually the preferred method of communication; however, it is
not always realistic due to time constraints or the location of people.
During the Covid-19 pandemic people have had to adapt in the way they
communicate, and a lot of verbal communication has moved online via video calls and video conferences.
Verbal communication can be informal, for example casually chatting with a
friend, or it can be a more formal process such as a work meeting, interview,
conferences, lectures or oral presentation. How effective the oral communication
is will depend upon the receptiveness of the receiver, speed, volume and pitch of
the words and clarity of speech.
Non-verbal communications are also an important part in aiding verbal
communication such as visual cues and body language.
In a business sense, verbal communication can include:
Storytelling – This helps in the construction of common meanings for people in the
organisation. It can help employees understand key values of the organisation and
to understand how things are done.
Crucial conversations – These are high stake communications and not simply
general workplace discussions. This may be presenting a business plan or asking
for a pay rise. These types of communication involve skill, reflection and planning.
In the workplace you need strong verbal communication skills. Using speech to
communicate is an efficient way to share information with others. - Non-verbal communication
Non-verbal communication helps you get a sense of how others are feeling and
what they may be thinking. Non-verbal communication includes facial expressions,
eye contact, hand movements, touch and posture.
These things usually provide reinforcement to verbal communication. Non-verbal
communication is not usually used on its own without verbal communication
except when a person is using sign language.
Physical non-verbal communication consists of body posture, eye contact, facial
expressions, touch, and overall movements of the body and tone of voice. All non-
verbal communication helps to convey a message to the person or people you are communicating with.
If you are wanting to make a good impression, for example in a work meeting or a
job interview, it is important to consider your non-verbal communication style.
This involves being aware of things like your movements, gestures, eye contact, and the way you stand or sit.
You should also consider whether you cross your arms as this can make you appear
closed off or angry, and fidgeting can be distracting for the person you are communicating with.
You should make good eye contact but you should avoid staring or rolling your
eyes. One of the most important aspects of non-verbal communication is facial
expressions as these can be the most useful in telling the person you are
communicating with how you are feeling.
For example, a smile can make it clear that you are happy and a frown can suggest
that you are unhappy. Good non-verbal communication can determine whether you get a job offer or not.
Non-verbal communication is also about the way something is said. This consists
of style of speaking, tone, pitch and voice quality. This is known as paralanguage.
Being an affective communicator means considering tone of voice, facial
expressions and body language as well as the words you speak - Written communication
Written communication might be a letter, email, a report, or a message on social
media. Written communication should aim to get your message across in a clear and concise manner.
Too much written information that may be repetitive or unnecessary will likely lose
the engagement of the reader and may not get your point across in the best way possible.
How effective the written communication is will depend upon the style of writing,
grammar, vocabulary, and the clarity. Written communication is useful for
something requiring detailed instructions, or when someone is too far away or they
are not available for you to talk to them.
Written communication in the form of emails can be convenient in that you do not
need to wait for someone to become available or attempt to match your diaries.
You can send the email and they can read and respond when they are available to do so.
When thinking about communicating in writing, it is important to remember that
in the digital age, your piece of writing is likely to be there for people to see for a
long time after you have written it. It is therefore important to ensure that the
spelling and grammar is correct and that you are happy with the content.
In the workplace, it is important to be able to communicate in writing. This may be
to colleagues, managers or customer. Being able to communicate well in writing is
important in order to do well in a business setting.
Written communication also provides evidence for you that a conversation has
taken place. This may be because you are raising concerns about something or you
may be simply requesting some feedback or informing someone of a task you have completed. - Listening
Actively listening is one of the most important parts of communication, as if we
actively listen we can truly engage with the person talking to us. If you do not listen
during a conversation or a team meeting, for example, then you cannot engage or respond appropriately.
Sometimes it can be difficult to sit and listen for long periods of time when you are
not expected to engage or where there is no opportunity to engage. This may be in
a lecture or a training session. Some people choose to record the session in these
instances, if this is allowed. - Visual communication
Visual communication can take place with the help of visual aids. This can include things like: Drawing. Graphic design. Illustration. Colour. Typography. Signs. Other electronic resources.
Visual communication such as graphs and charts can be useful in written
communication and sometimes can replace it completely. Visual communication
can be a very powerful way of getting a message across and can be more powerful
than verbal and non-verbal communication. Visual communication is much easier
and more varied now due to the developments in technology. This also means that
visual communication can be much more creative.
Visual communication is all around us whether that be on the television, social
media or advertising campaigns. Advertisers use it to sell products or give us a certain message.