Chuyên đề 01: Ngữ âm ( Pronunciation) - Students - Anh văn Giao Tiếp Quốc tế 3 (AV015DV01)| Đại học Hoa Sen

CHUYÊN ĐỀ 01: NGỮ ẤM (PRONUNCIATION) - STUDENTS’ ❶. Nguyên âm
IPA (International Phonetics Alphabet) Nguyên âm đơn (12) Nguyên âm đôi (08) (Monophthongs) (Diphthongs) i: ɪ ʊ u: ɪə eɪ bee ship put shoot clear gate M Â e ə ɜ: ɔ: ʊə ɔɪ əʊ N Ê bed better bird door tour boy note Y (20) U (Vowels) G æ ʌ ɑ: ɒ eə aɪ aʊ N cat fun car on bear smile how
Các nguyên âm tiếng Anh có một số cách phát âm nhất định. Sau đây là một số cách phát âm thông
thường của một số chữ cái tiếng Anh. 1. Nguyên âm đơn:
Quy tắc phát âm các chữ cái nguyên âm đơn trong tiếngAnh Chữ cái Phát âm Ví dụ /æ/ fan, national /eɪ/ take, nature /ɔ:/
false, altogether /ɒ/ want, quality a /e/ many, ny a /ɪ/ message /ə/ afraid, familiar /ɑ:/ after, class /i:/ fever, gene /e/
educate, flexible e /ɪ/
explore, security /ə/
interest, chicken /ɒ/ flo ttle o ppy, b /ʌ/ son, wonder o /əʊ/ post, alm st o /ə/
computer, purpose /wʌ/ one, once /ʌ/ cut, fun /ju/
human, university u /ʊ/ push /u:/ include /ə/ success 1 /ɪ/ fit, slippery i /aɪ/ strive, nice /ə/
terrible, principle y /i/ therapy, worry /aɪ/ shy, fly 2. Nguyên âm đôi
Quy tắc phát âm các chữ cái nguyên âm đôi trong tiếng Anh. /eɪ/ gai ai n, entert n ai /eə/ fair, armchair ay /eɪ/ stay, say au /ɔ:/
naughty, audience aw /ɔ:/ awful, lawn /i:/ beat, measles ea /eɪ/ great, break /e/ health, feather /eɪ/ weight, eighty ei /i:/ cei
l ing, deceive /aɪ/ height /eɪ/ hey, convey ey /i:/ key ee /i:/ chee ee se, kn l /i:/ piece, rel ve ie /aɪ/ lie, tie ie /ə/
ancient, proficient /aɪə/ society, quiet /əʊ/ load, coast oa /ɔ:/ abroa den oa d, br /u:/ tool, goose oo /ʊ/ book, foot /ʌ/ flood, blood /aʊ/ mouse, account /əʊ/ sou ou l, sh lder ou /ʌ/ couple, trouble /u:/ group, souvenir /ʊ/ could, would 2 /ə/
famous, marvelous /aʊ/ cow, brown ow /əʊ/ throw, yellow oi /ɔɪ/ voice, join oy /ɔɪ/ joy, boy oe /əʊ/ toe, foe ui /ɪ/ build, guitar uy /aɪ/ buy uy , g ew /ju:/ new, few
Lưu ý: Những quy tắc trên chỉ là những cách đọc phổ biến, ngoài ra có những trường hợp ngoại lệ.
 Exercise 1. Choose the words whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others in each group.
1. A. live B. listen C. think D. write
2. A. delta B. garage C. basement D. attention
3. A. physics B. history C. biology D. literature
4. A. adventure B. math C. capital D. activity
5. A. selfish B. helpful
C. different D. endless 6. A. long B. movies C. short D. sh pping o
7. A. puppet B. funny C. schedule D. sunny
8. A. milk-shake B. fashion B. talent C. c ndy a
9. A. medium B. menu C. egg D. spaghetti
10. A. pants B. assistant C. hamburger D. s ndwich a
11. A. definitions B. environment C. preposition D. welcome 12. A. charity B. program C. trash D. donation
13. A. terrible B. comedy C. president D. general
14. A. movie B. notice C. close D. show
15. A. tent B. jacket C. best D. get
16. A. rafting B. camping C. plane D. kayaking
17. A. helper B. device C. describe D. deliver
18. A. printer B. machine C. automatic D. furniture
19. A. temperature B. museum C. ending D. temple
20. A. amusement B. music C. population D. studying
21. A. adventure B. math C. capital D. activity
22. A. balcony B. fantasy C. a b dminton D. a b sement
23. A. barbecue B. adventure C. helpful D. check
24. A. candle B. bag C. water D. angry
25. A. light B. stripe C. slim D. fine 3
26. A. activity B. compass C. thank D. have
27. A. lunch B. computer C. calculator D. uniform
28. A. going B. judo C. brother D. rode
29. A. amazing B. gate C. play D. p rents a
30. A. help B. ending C. equip D. setting
31. A. mountain B. around C. pronoun D. should
32. A. beach B. seafood C. beautiful D. weather
33. A. ready B. healthy C. already D. means
34. A. cheap B. peaceful C. breath D. clean
35. A. town B. flowers C. show D. cow
36. A. cream B. meat C. seafood D. breakfast
37. A. around B. about C. country D. found
38. A. teacher B. great C. leader D. beat
39. A. hear B. clear C. swear D. ear
40. A. heat B. great C. beat D. teach
41. A. speaking B. teaching C. cleaning D. wearing
42. A. clean B. beach C. seafood D. sweater
43. A. breakfast B. seafood C. headline D. bread
44. A. mountain B. around C. pronoun D. should
45. A. teacher B. beautiful C. sweater D. beach
46. A. shoot B. mood C. poor D. smooth
47. A. serious B. thousand C. found D. around
48. A. create B. peaceful C. increase D. easily
49. A. surround B. bought C. about D. ground
50. A. hear B. clear C. bear D. fear ❷. Phụ âm
IPA (International Phonetics Alphabet) 4 p b t d t∫ dʒ k g pet bed tea dog cheap July key get f v θ ð s z ∫ ʒ fan vase think this see zoo sheep vision
PHỤ ÂM (24) (Consonants) m n η h l r w j man nose bank hat lemon red wet yes
Quy tắc phát âm các chữ cái phụ âm trong tiếng Anh. /k/ close, confident c /s/ certify, cycle /∫/ special, ocean /d/ dramatic, demand d /dʒ/ gradual, educate /g/ guess, regular /dʒ/ germ, origin g /ʒ/ beige, garage /n/ neck, fun n /η/ uncle, drink /s/ secret, optimist /z/ rose, resume s /∫/ sugar, ensure /ʒ/ usually, occasion /t/ tutor, pretence /∫/ option, initial t /t∫/
culture, question /gz/ exist, exhibit x /ks/ box, mixture /k∫/ anxious, lu ury x qu /kw/ Queue, require /k/
chemist, mechanic ch /t∫/ check, bunch /∫/
machine, parachute sh /∫/ shock, smash /θ/ theme, depth th /ð/ thus, feather gh /f/ rough gh , lau ter 5 ph /f/ photo, paragraph
 Exercise 2. Choose the words whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others in each group.
1. A. gym B. sky C. balcony D. laundry
2. A. island B. seafood C. serve D. summer 3. A. geography B. technology C. ne ative g D. to ether g
4. A. mystery B. fantasy C. music D. sign
5. A. author B. things C. Thursday D. other
6. A. funny B. lazy C. friendly D. why 7. A. sure B. sunny C. person D. s pider
8. A. barbecue B. delicious C. because D. conversation 9. A. special B. celebrate
C. excited D. center
10. A. Thanksgiving B. thinking C. there D. thin
11. A. positive B. negative C. tug D. future 12. A. steak-frites B. sugar C. sauce D. sales
13. A. large B. change C. singular D. orange
14. A. chocolate B. chicken C. cheesecake D. schooling 15. A. recycle B. library C. fly D. sky
16. A. post B. hospital C. plastic D. newspaper
17. A. southest B. throw C. another D. bathroom 18. A. horror B. hour C. here D. hard
19. A. action B. fiction C. suggestion D. animation
20. A. birthday B. three C. theater D. there 21. A. sleeping B. island C. campsite D. staying
22. A. nearby B. battery C. pretty D. thirty
23. A. close B. canyon C. climbing D. cell phone 24. A. sea B. screen C. smart D. sugar
25. A. eco-friendly B. sky C. gravity D. megacity
26. A. Earth B. earthscraper C. themselves D. things 27. A. smallest B. singer C. see D. sure
28. A. busy B. noisy C. fly D. tasty
29. A. weather B. cathedral C. think D. thank
30. A. gym B. by C. balcony D. laundry 31. A. sure B. sunny C. person D. s pider
32. A. blond B. vegetable C. black D. blanket 33. A. south B. sugar C. sign D. stand
34. A. geography B. garage C. glasses D. grill 6
35. A. choose B. technology C. change D. beach
36. A. terrible B. cable C. syllable D. block
37. A. sugar B. serious C. see D. swimming
38. A. homeland B. household C. hourly D. however 39. A. farther B. earth C. both D. marathon
40. A. celebrate B. comic C. city D. exciting
41. A. machine B. armchair C. children D. watch 42. A. chemistry B. study C. primary D. apply 43. A. hungry B. range C. orange D. change
44. A. serious B. symptom C. sure D. sauce
45. A. cousin B. cycle C. encourage D. container
46. A. gathering B. generous C. guest D. great
47. A. lunch B. watch C. teacher D. architect
48. A. another B. earth C. weatherman D. though
49. A. accessible B. pressure C. illness D. success
50. A. information B. population C. question
D. transportation
❸. Phát âm chữ cái “s/ es” ở cuối từ
Quy tắc phát âm đuôi-s/es 7
Đuôi -s/es của danh từ số nhiều/ sở hữu cách hoặc dạng động từ chia ở thì hiện tại đơn đi với chủ ngữ ở
ngôi thứ 3 số ít được phát âm theo 3 cách:
● Phát âm là /s/ sau các phụ âm vô thanh (/p/, /k/, /f/, /t/,/θ/): speaks /spi:ks/
● Phát âm là /z/ sau các nguyên âm và phụ âm hữu thanh:
Ways /we z/; names /ne mz/
● Phát âm là / z/ sau các phụ âm âm /s/, /z/, /∫/, /t∫/, / /,/d /.
colleges /'kɒlɪdʒɪz/; teaches /'ti:t∫ɪz/
 Exercise 3. Choose the words whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others in each group.
1. A. farmers B. groups C. markets D. parks
2. A. museums B. apartments C. buildings D. schools
3. A. farmers B. problems C. crafts D. animals
4. A. teenagers B. parts C. months D. adults
5. A. T-shirts B. sneakers C. blanks D. sports
6. A. looks B. makes C. helps D. listens
7. A. celebrates B. foods C. fireworks D. points
8. A. festivals B. weekends C. Saturdays D. gifts
9. A. jeans B. dollars C. socks D. herbs
10. A. onions B. eggs C. potatoes D. cupcakes
11. A. plants B. jars C. gardens D. throws
12. A. elephants B. protects C. handbooks D. cleans
13. A. invaders B. queens C. events D. kings
14. A. actions B. blanks C. soldiers D. reviews
15. A. wonders B. comic books C. forests D. trips
16. A. pillows B. towels C. flashlights D. toys
17. A. sleeping bags B. astronauts C. homes D. schools
18. A. breaks B. showers C. ideas D. jobs
19. A. buildings B. tickets C. friends D. malls
20. A. landmarks B. trains C. winters D. teams
21. A. farmers B. problems C. crafts D. materials
22. A. teenagers B. parks C. subjects D. helps
23. A. weekends B. games C. subjects D. materials
24. A. shows B. computers C. friends D. fireworks
25. A. tables B. chopsticks C. pictures D. pillows
26. A. cupboards B. windows C. tourists D. posters
27. A. toilets B. hotels C. laptops D. fireworks
28. A. televisions B. bookshelves C. wardrobes D. parents
29. A. boots B. scissors C. caves D. mountains
30. A. valleys B. forests C. rivers D. waterfalls 8
31. A. changes B. battles C. armies D. movies
32. A. sunglasses B. candies C. sandcastles D. caves
33. A. stores B. groceries C. fridges D. drones
34. A. palaces B. dishes C. performances D. companies
35. A. performances B. activities C. personalities D. roles
36. A. headlines B. tables C. places D. movies
37. A. stores B. temples C. houses D. families
38. A. games B. tables C. sentences D. movies
39. A. glasses B. changes C. headlines D. beaches
40. A. activities B. timetables C. performances D. roles
41. A. sandwiches B. tomatoes C. noodles D. French-fries
42. A. foxes B. bottles C. clothes D. magazines
43. A. dishes B. vases C. plates D. fridges
44. A. matches B. parades C. decides D. relatives
45. A. stretches B. slopes C. ranges D. faces
46. A. pictures B. watches C. buses D. brushes
47. A. make s B. writes C. takes D. drives
48. A. classes B. lakes C. cages D. houses
49. A. tables B. noses C. boxes D. changes
50. A. leaves B. arrives C. finishes D. goes
❹. Phát âm chữ cái “ed”
Quy tắc phát âm đuôi –ed có 3 cách 9
● Phát âm /id/ sau t và d:
needed /ni:d d/; operated /' pəreit d/
● Phát âm /t/ sau phụ âm vô thanh (/p/, /k/, /f/, /0/, /s/, /∫/, /t∫/):
stopped /st pt/; finish /'f ed n ∫t/
● Phát âm /d/ sau nguyên âm và phụ âm hữu thanh:
stayed /ste d/; questioned /'kwest∫ənd/
Lưu ý: Đối với những tính từ có đuôi là -ed có thể không theo quy tắc này:
learned (adj): /'l :n d/;wretched (adj):/'ret∫ d/
 Exercise 4. Choose the words whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others in each group.
1. A. asked B. watched C. washed D. painted
2. A. booked B. placed C. missed D. needed
3. A. underlined B. pronounced C. brushed D. worked
4. A. decorated B. watched C. cooked D. danced
5. A. fried B. grilled C. unpolluted D. shared
6. A. picked B. helped C. created D. laughed
7. A. swapped B. liked C. watched D. animated
8. A. confirmed B. traveled C. stayed D. hiked
9. A. discussed B. helped C. looked D. printed
10. A. populated B. parked C. polluted D. crowded
11. A. cooked B. placed C. missed D. completed
12. A. worked B. hoped C. polluted D. enjoyed
13. A. missed B. called C. explained D. planned
14. A. helped B. wanted C. sounded D. suggested
15. A. watched B. booked C. stopped D. worried
16. A. crowded B. interested C. bored D. unpolluted
17. A. worked B. stopped C. forced D. wanted
18. A. decided B. posted C. stopped D. needed
19. A. designed B. received C. cycled D. rewarded
20. A. watched B. dropped C. washed D. traveled
21. A. passed B. watched C. played D. washed
22. A. saved B. polluted C. enjoyed D. reused
23. A. arrived B. helped C. returned D. remembered
24. A. stopped B. washed C. studied D. booked
25. A. closed B. practiced C. asked D. stopped
26. A. cleaned B. caused C. decided D. studied
27. A. hoped B. washed C. pronounced D. included
28. A. laughed B. worked C. hoped D. completed
29. A. polluted B. prepared C. recycled D. watered 10