Đề bồi dưỡng đội tuyển quốc gia môn Tiếng Anh năm 2023 THPT - Test 06 (có đáp án)
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Môn: Đề thi chọn học sinh giỏi Tiếng Anh lớp 12 THPT & đội tuyển dự thi học sinh giỏi Quốc gia THPT
Trường: Đề thi chọn HSG Tiếng Anh từ lớp 9 đến lớp 12 cấp trường, quận/ huyện, tỉnh/ thành phố
Thông tin:
Tác giả:
Thông tin :
Môn:
Đề thi chọn học sinh giỏi Tiếng Anh lớp 12 THPT & đội tuyển dự thi học sinh giỏi Quốc gia THPT
Trường:
Đề thi chọn HSG Tiếng Anh từ lớp 9 đến lớp 12 cấp trường, quận/ huyện, tỉnh/ thành phố
Tác giả:
Tài liệu liên quan:
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CORRECTION PRACTICE TEST NO 6 A. MULTIPLE CHOICE
I. Word choice: Choose the best option to complete each sentence.
1. Let me ______ over the matter and give you my decision in a few days. A. bite B. munch C. chew D. gnaw
chew sth over phrasal verb [ M ] INFORMAL
to think about or discuss something carefully for a long time
I've been chewing the problem over since last week.
2. I don't think Jones and Marlowe should work together on this project. They have
shown us before that they are quite _________ as partners. A. rebellious
B. disinterested C. disagreeable D. incompatible
incompatible /ˌɪn.kəmˈpæt.ɪ.bl ̩/ /-ˈpæt ̬.ə-/ adjective
not able to exist or work with another person or thing because of basic differences
When we started living together we realized how incompatible we were - our interests were so different.
Maintaining quality is incompatible with increasing output.
Any new video system that is incompatible with existing ones has little chance of success.
incompatibility /ˌɪn.kəmˌpæt.ɪˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/ /-ˌpæt ̬.əˈbɪl.ə.t ̬i/ noun [ U ]
An incompatibility problem prevents the two pieces of software from being used together.
3. The new government group will ___________ the effects of smoking on the
academic abilities of people under 18 years of age. A. report B. research C. inform D. invent
4. We don't know if anyone will come to the warehouse this evening or not to move
the stolen money, so just be on the ___________for any strange activity at all. A. guard B. hunt C. lookout D. search
lookout /ˈlʊk.aʊt/ noun [ C ]
1. a person who watches for danger
2. a high place where a person can look at what is happening in the area around
them, especially in order to watch for any danger
3. be on the lookout for sth/sb
to search for something or someone
I'm always on the lookout for interesting new recipes. 4. keep a lookout for sth/sb
to continue to watch carefully for something or someone, especially in order to avoid danger
Keep a lookout for small objects that a baby might swallow.
5. I picked up these ___________from the travel agents today. They have a great
offer on cruises to Turkey for the end of April! A. leaflets B. manifestoes C. brochures D. programmes
6. The walls of your bathroom were wet with _________ after my shower so I opened the window. A. vapour
B. condensation sự hoá đặc (chất nước); sự ngưng (hơi); sự tụ (ánh sáng) C. mould D. dew
condensation /ˌkɒn.denˈseɪ.ʃ ə n/ /ˌkɑːn-/ noun [ U ]
1. the drops of water that appear on cold windows or other surfaces, as a result
of hot air or steam becoming cool
We get a lot of condensation on the walls in the winter.
2. SPECIALIZED the act or process of changing from a gas to a liquid or solid state
7. The old man led a _________ existence after she left and refused even to see his children.
A. reclusive ẩn dật; trốn đời B. deserted C. remote D. vacant
8. I thought I had made it_____ that I didn’t wish to discuss this matter. A. distinct B. plain C. frank D. straight
plain /pleɪn/ adjective CLEAR
3. obvious and clear to understand
It 's quite plain that they don't want to speak to us.
The reason is perfectly plain.
I made it quite plain (that) (= explained clearly that) I wasn't interested.
9. Mr. Nixon refused to answer the questions on the _______ that the matter was confidential. A. reasons B. excuses C. grounds D. foundations
10. The minister made no _______ of any further negotiations. A mention B. comment C. indication D. remark
Mention: an act of referring to sb/sth in speech or writing
E.G: He made no mention of her work.
II. Structure and grammar: Choose the word that best completes each sentence.
1. _______ their heads in his direction, he knew they were interested. A. Seeing them both turn B. On seeing they both turn C. When he saw them both to
D. After seeing them both to have turn turned
2. ____ is that a chicken stands up to lay its eggs. A. Many people don’t B. What many people don’t realize realize C. It is that many people
D. Because many people don’ don’t realize realize
3. Carbon dioxide may be absorbed by trees or water bodies, or it may stay in the
atmosphere when_____ , while it is only in the atmosphere that chlorofluorocarbons find their home. A. by releasing emissions
B. released from car emissions from cars
C. cars that release emissions D. emissions are released by cars
4. Cable TV revolutionized communications; ______, the very existence of that
service is now threatened by satellites. A.
B. consequently C. eventually D. nevertheless moreover
5. The doctor insisted that his patient _____________. A. did not work too hard for
B. to take some vacation for three three months months
C. take it easy inside of three
D. takes it easy inside of three months months
6. Having been selected to present the class at the school meeting, ___________.
A. he gave a short acceptance B. the members congratulated speech him
C. the members applauded him D. a speech had to be given by him
7. Nearly all of the reporters _______ the press conference had questions _______. A. attend/ask B. attending/to ask
C. attended/ask D. attend/to be asked
8. Mr. Green supposes, ....................... , that he will retire at 60. A. like most people did B. as most of people C. like most people do D. as do most people
9. The picking of fruit, ....................... , takes about a week.
A. whose work they receive no money B. as they receive no money for that work
C. for which they receive no money
D. they receive no money for it
10. One of the areas of multimedia that is growing quickly ........................ is sound. A. yet is easily overlooked B. is easily overlooked C. it is easily overlooked D. that is easily overlooked
III. Prepositions and phrasal verbs: Choose the most suitable word to complete each sentence.
1. Find someone who will let you talk things through, or _____ that, write down your thoughts. A. except B. failing C. for all of D. given
failing /ˈfeɪ.lɪŋ/ preposition if that is not possible
Give her a book, or failing that , buy her something to wear.
Appointments are available on the 2nd and the 6th of this month but failing
either of those, we could fit you in on the 15th.
2. They will need time to _________ the proposals we have submitted. A. lash out B. scroll over C. shrivel D. mull over
mull sth over phrasal verb [ M ]
to think carefully about something for a long time
I need a few days to mull things over before I decide if I'm taking the job.
3. He’s a tough politician- he knows how to _________the storm. A. run down B. keep up C. push back D. ride out ride (out) the storm
to manage not to be destroyed, harmed or permanently affected by the difficult situation you experience
The government seem confident that they'll ride out the storm.
4. His business is growing so fast that he must take _________ more workers. A. up B. over C. on D. out
5. I don't agree with his policies but I'm going to ______ them for now. A. play along with B. play cat and mouse with C. play havoc with D. play down
play along (with sb/sth) to pretend to agree with sb/sth
I decided to play along with her idea.
6. _____ virtue of his youth, he was free from charged. A. With B. In C. By D. For 3. by virtue of FORMAL because of; as a result of
She succeeded by virtue of her tenacity rather than her talent.
7. Don’t quote me. What I am about to say is _____ the record. A. on B. off C. without D. above off the record
If someone says something off the record, they do not want it to be publicly reported
She made it clear that her comments were strictly off the record. on the record
If you say something on the record, you state it publicly
None of the company directors were prepared to comment on the record yesterday.
8. Karen was terribly nervous before the interview but she managed to pull herself ________ and act confidently. A. through B. over C. together D. off
pull yourself together phrasal verb [ R ]
to become calm and behave normally again after being angry or upset
Just pull yourself together. There's no point crying about it. pull together phrasal verb
to work hard as a group in order to achieve something
We don't have much time but if we all pull together we should get the job done.
9. The inn owner was so generous. What we consumed was _________the house. A. on B. in C. off D. of on the house
If you have something on the house, it is given to you free by a business
All the drinks were on the house.
10. Everything looks very positive for the company, ___________ the current
investors do not default on their agreements. A. assuming that B. whether C. whereas D. as if
as ˈ suming (that) conjunction
accepting as true without question or proof
Even assuming that smokers do see the health warnings, I doubt they'll take any notice.
IV. Collocations and idioms - Choose the most suitable word to complete each sentence.
1. Her health has improved in ___________. A. sick and tired B. odds and ends C. leaps and bounds D. trial and error by/in leaps and bounds
If someone or something gets better by/in leaps and bounds, they improve very quickly
Her Spanish has come on (= improved) in leaps and bounds this year.
2. The government stopped the local companies from importing fake milk
powder ________ of public health. A. in the interest B. to the best C. for the attention D. on the safe side
3. If she wins the prize again this year, it’ll be a real _________in her cap. A. nutshell B. gemstone C. feather D. landmark be (as) light as a feather to be very light in weight a feather in your cap an achievement to be proud of
It's a real feather in our cap to be representing Britain in this contest.
4. I’m so _________ under with work at the moment – it’s awful! A. snowed B. iced C. rained D. fogged be snowed under (with sth )
to have so much work that you have problems dealing with it all
I'm absolutely snowed under with work at the moment.
5. Don’t call Pam just now. Something has gone wrong with the computer; she’s
_________ because she can’t get the data she needs. A. in a stew
B. out of a rut C. in the swim D. under the sink in a stew INFORMAL
If someone is in a stew, they are in a difficult situation which causes them to feel worried or upset
William is in a stew about/over the demand he received from the tax office.
6. The twin sisters are as alike as two ______ in a pod. Few can tell them apart. A. nuts B. peas C. leaves D. flowers like two peas in a pod
very similar, especially in appearance
The twins are like two peas in a pod.
7. His promise is as good as ______. We can rely on him. A. gold B. gem C. diamond D. jewel be (as) good as gold
(of a child) to behave very well
She's been as good as gold all morning.
8. My brother finally threw in the ______ and admitted defeat. A. apkin B. flag C. coin D. towel throw/chuck in the towel
to stop trying to do something because you have realized that you cannot succeed
Three of the original five candidates for the Democratic presidential
nomination have now thrown in the towel.
9. His chronic fits do _______ a problem to us as we have to be on the alert all the
time and apply his medicine whenever he needs it. A. B. stage C. exhibit pose D. bid
10. The flights are full at the moment, so you'll have to _____ .
A. run a stroke of luck B. get a better luck C. be down on your luck D. take pot luck ˌ pot ˈ luck noun
1. [ U ] anything that is available or is found by chance, rather than something chosen, planned or prepared
We had no idea which hotel would be best, so we just took pot luck with the first one on the list.
Mary's welcome to stay for dinner if she doesn't mind taking pot luck (= having whatever is available) . V. READING COMPREHENSION
Passage 1: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
Aviculturists, people who raise birds for commercial sale, have not yet learned
how to simulate the natural incubation of parrot eggs in the wild. They continue
to look for better ways to increase egg production and to improve chick survival rates.
When parrots incubate their eggs in the wild, the temperature and humidity of the
(5) nest are controlled naturally. Heat is transferred from the bird's skin to the top portion
of the eggshell, leaving the sides and bottom of the egg at a cooler temperature. This
temperature gradient độ dốc may be vital to successful hatching. Nest construction can
contribute to this temperature gradient. Nests of loosely arranged sticks, rocks, or dirt
are cooler in temperature at the bottom where the egg contacts the nesting material.
(10) Such nests also act as humidity regulators by allowing rain to drain into the bottom
sections of the nest so that the eggs are not in direct contact with the water. As the
water that collects in the bottom of the nest evaporates, the water vapor rises and is
heated by the incubating bird, which adds significant humidity to the incubation environment
(15) In artificial incubation programs, aviculturists remove eggs from the nests of parrots
and incubate them under laboratory conditions. Most commercial incubators heat the
eggs fairly evenly from top to bottom, thus ignoring the bird's method of natural
incubation, and perhaps reducing the viability khả năng sống được and
survivability of the hatching chicks.
When incubators are not used, aviculturists sometimes suspend wooden boxes outdoors
(20) to use as nests in which to place eggs. In areas where weather can become cold after
eggs are laid, it is very important to maintain a deep foundation of nesting material to
act as insulator against the cold bottom of the box. If eggs rest against the wooden
bottom in extremely cold weather conditions, they can become chilled to a point where
the embryo can no longer survive. Similarly, these boxes should be protected from
(25) direct sunlight to avoid high temperatures that are also fatal to the growing embryo.
Nesting material should be added in sufficient amounts to avoid both extreme
temperature situations mentioned above and assure that the eggs have a soft, secure place to rest.
1. What is the main idea of the passage?
(A) Nesting material varies according to the parrots' environment.
(B) Humidity is an important factor in incubating parrots' eggs.
(C) Aviculturists have constructed the ideal nest box for parrots.
(D) Wild parrots' nests provide information useful for artificial incubation.
2. The word "They" in line 2 refers to
(A) aviculturists (B)birds (C) eggs (D) rates
3. According to paragraph 2, when the temperature of the sides and bottom of the egg are cooler than the top, then
(A) there may be a good chance for successful incubation
(B) the embryo will not develop normally
(C) the incubating parent moves the egg to a new position.
(D) the incubation process is slowed down
4. According to paragraph 2, sticks, rocks, or dirt are used to
(A) soften the bottom of the nest for the newly hatched chick (B) hold the nest together
(C) help lower the temperature at the bottom of the nest (D) make the nest bigger
5. According to paragraph 2, the construction of the nest allows water to
(A) provide a beneficial source of humidity in the nest
(B) loosen the materials at the bottom of the nest
(C) keep the nest in a clean condition
(D) touch the bottom of the eggs
6. All of the following are part of a parrot's incubation method EXCEPT
(A) heating the water vapor as it rises from the bottom of the nest
(B) arranging nesting material at the bottom of the nest
(C) transferring heat from the parent to the top of the eggshell
(D) maintaining a constant temperature on the eggshell
7. The word "fatal" in line 25 is closest in meaning to (A) close (B) deadly (C) natural (D) hot
8. According to paragraph 3, a deep foundation of nesting material provides
(A) a constant source of humidity (B) a strong nest box
(C) more room for newly hatched chicks (D) protection against cold weather
9. Which of the following is a problem with commercial incubators?
(A) They lack the natural temperature changes of the outdoors.
(B) They are unable to heat the eggs evenly
(C) They do not transfer heat to the egg in the same way the parent bird does.
(D) They are expensive to operate.
10. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage? (A) Aviculturists (line 1) (B) Gradient (line 8) (C) Incubation (line 15) (D) Embryo (line 24)
Passage 2: Read the following passage and choose the best answer A, B, C, or D to each question.
There is one kind of pain for which nobody has yet found a cure – the pain that
comes from the ending of a relationship. The relationship could be a marriage, a love
affair or a deep friendship, in fact, any strong emotional tie between people. Such a
relationship may come to an abrupt but premeditated có mưu tính trước, có chủ tâm
end or it may simply fade away slowly as people and circumstances change. You may
be the one to “break it off”, with a short note or a brief phone call. Or you may be on
the receiving end, like the soldier who dreads getting a “Dear John” letter from a
girlfriend who has got tired of waiting. But however it ended and whoever decided to
end it, the pain is equally hard to bear. It is a sort of death, and it requires the same
period of mourning, the same time for grief.
Although there is no cure for grief, we cannot help looking for one, to ease the pain
and to make us forget our tears. We seek refuge in other relationships, we keep
ourselves busy with work, we try to immerse ourselves in our hobbies. Perhaps we
start to drink more than we should to drown our sorrows or we follow the
conventional advice and join a club or society. But these things only relieve the
symptoms of the illness, they cannot cure for it. Moreover, we are always in a hurry
to get rid of our grief. It is as if we were ashamed of it. We feel that we should be able
to “pull ourselves together”. We try to convince ourselves, as we bite on the pillow,
that we are much too old to be crying. Some people bury their grief deep inside
themselves, so that nobody will guess what they are going through. Others seek relief
by pouring their hearts out to their friends, or to anyone else who can offer a
sympathetic shoulder to cry on. But after a while, even our friends start to show their
impatience, and suggest with their reproachful glances that it is about time we
stopped crying. They, too, are in a hurry for the thing to be over.
It is not easy to explain why we adopt this attitude to emotional pain, when we would
never expect anyone to overcome physical pain simply by an effort of will power.
Part of the answer must lie in the nature of grief itself. When the love affair dies, you
cannot believe that you will ever find another person to replace the one who has gone
so completely out of your life. Even after many, many months, when you think that
you have begun to learn to live without your lost love, something-a familiar place, a
snatch of music, a whiff of perfume- will suddenly bring the bitter – sweet memories
flooding back. You choke back the tears and the desperate, almost angry, feeling that
you are no better now than the day the affair ended.
And yet, grief is like an illness that must run its course. Memories do fade eventually,
a healing skin does start to grow over the wound, the intervals between sudden
glimpses of the love you have lost do get longer. Bit by bit, life resumes the normal
flow. Such is the complexity of human nature that we can even start to feel guilty as
these things start to happen, as if it were an insult to our lost love that we can begin to forget at all.
The important thing to admit about grief, then, is that it will take its time. By trying to
convince ourselves that it ought to be over sooner, we create an additional tension
which can only make things worse. People who have gone through the agony of a
broken relationship – and there are few who have not- agree that time is the “greater
healer”. How much time is needed will vary from person to person, but psychiatrists
have “a rule of thumb”: grief will last as long as the original relationship lasted. The
sad thing is that, when the breakdown occurs, we can only stumble over the stories
beneath our feet. It is dark ahead, and you will feel painfully many times before we
begin to see the light at the end of the tunnel. (source: CAE)
pull yourself together phrasal verb [ R ]
to become calm and behave normally again after being angry or upset
Just pull yourself together. There's no point crying about it. pull together phrasal verb
to work hard as a group in order to achieve something
We don't have much time but if we all pull together we should get the job done.
1. Psychiatrists tell you that grief will last as long as the original relationship. This calculation is ………
A. Based on a deep understanding of human nature B. Generally true but with many exceptions
C. The result of scientific research D. No more than a hopeful guesses
2. Relationships often come to an end because ………
A. People do not realize the pain they can cause B. Very few people really know how to love
C. The feeling of the people were not very deep D. People do not always stay the same
3. You tell your friends about your unhappiness because ………
A. You want them to feel sorry for you
B. You hope it will make you feel better
C. You want them to hear the story from you
D. You feel sure that they have had similar experiences
4. If you seek advice on what to do about a broken relationship, you will probably be told to ……… A. Keep busy at work B. Find someone else
C. Pull yourself together (use your will power) D. Join a club
5. When your friends get tired of listening to you they will ………
A. tell you to pull yourself together B. try to avoid your company
C. show by their expressions that they have had enough D. help you to get over your grief
6. Often we are ashamed when we cry because ………
A. only children and babies cry
B. we are worried about what others will think of us
C. we do not expect our unhappiness to last so long
D. we think it is a childish thing to do
7. Memories continue to upset you, and this makes you feel that you ………
A. will never get over your grief B. have no will power C. are utterly alone
D. have made no progress at all
8. If we try to recover too quickly from grief, we shall make ourselves ……… A. nervous B. tense C. ill D. unpopular
9. We are upset by reminders of our lost love because they come so ……… A. unexpectedly B. rapidly C. frequently D. rarely
10. One way to get over a broken relationship is to ………
A. try to forget the other person
B. write a “Dear John” letter C. make a brief phone call D. form new relationships VI. GUIDED CLOZE TEXT:
Passage 1: Choose the word that best fits each of the blanks in the following passage.
LONG HOURS AND HEALTH DON'T MIX
Women are much healthier when they take it easy, reveals a new survey. Those
who work long hours are more likely than men to (1) ____ in unhealthy behaviour
such as eating snacks, smoking and drinking caffeine. (Long hours have no such (2)
____ on men.) One positive benefit of long hours for both sexes, however, is that alcohol (3) ____ is reduced.
The study, funded by the Economic and Social Research Council, is part of a wider
study by psychologists from the University of Leeds, into the effects of stress on
eating. 'Stress causes people to (4) ____ for unhealthy high-fat and high-sugar snacks
in (5) ____ to healthier food choices,' says researcher Dr Daryl O'Connor of the
University of Leeds. 'People under stress eat less than usual in their main meals,
including their vegetable (6) ____, but shift their preference to high-fat, high-sugar snacks instead.
'Our (7) ____ are disturbing in that they show stress produces harmful changes in
diet and (8) ____ to unhealthy eating behaviour,' continues Dr O'Connor. 'An
overwhelming (9) ____ of evidence shows the importance of maintaining a balanced
diet in (10) ____ of reducing the risk of cancer and cardiovascular diseases and that
means eating a low-fat diet and five portions of fruit and vegetables a day. 1. A. indulge B. satisfy C. yield D. tempt 2. A. contact B. clash C. conflict D. impact 3. A. beverage B. consumption C. expenditure D. acceptance 4. A. choose B. select C. design D. opt 5. A. difference B. option C. preference D. priority 6. A. intake B. influx C. emission D. immersion 7. A. instructions B. rulings C. findings D. institutions 8. A. sends B. makes C. guides D. leads 9. A. lump B. body C. sack D. packet 10. A. moments B. sessions C. terms D. senses
Passage 2: Read the text below and decide which answer best fits each space.
(1) _______ popular belief, one does not have to be a trained programmer to
work online. Of course, there are plenty of jobs available for people with high-tech
computer skills, but the growth of new media has (2) ______up a wide range of
Internet career opportunities requiring only a minimal level of technical (3) _____.
Probably one of the most well-known online job opportunities is the job of
webmaster. However, it is hard to define one basic job description for this position.
The qualifications and responsibilities depend on what tasks a particular organization
neeads a webmaster to (4) ______.
To specify the job description of a webmaster, one needs to identify the
hardware and software that the website will manage to run (5) _______. Different
typres of hardware and software require different skill sets to manage them. Another
key factor is whether the website will be running internally or externally. Finally, the
responsibilities of a webmaster also depend on whether he or she will be working
independently, or whether the firm will provide people to help. All of these factors
need to be considered before one can create requiring (6) ______ knowledge of the
latest computer applications. (7) ______, there are also online jobs available for
which traditional skills remain in high (8) _______. Content jobs require excellent
writing skills and a good sense of the web as a "new media".
The term "new media" is difficult to define because it encompasses a (9)
______ growing set of new technologies and skills. Specifically, it includes websites,
email, Internet technology, CD-ROM, DVD, streaming audio and video, interactive
multimedia presentations, e-books, digital music, computer illustration, video games,
(10) ______ reality, and computer artistry. 1. A. Apart from B. Contrary to C. Prior to D. In contrast to 2. A. taken B. sped C. set D. opened 3. A. expertise B. master C. efficiency D. excellency 4. A. conduct B. perform C. undergone D. overtake 5. A. on B. over C. in D. with 6. A. built-in B. up-market C. in-service D. in-depth 7. A. However B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Then 8. A. content B. demand C. reference D. requirement 9. A. constantly B. continually C. increasingly D. invariably 10. A. fancy B. imaginative C. illusive D. virtual OPEN CLOZE TEXT
Passage 1: Fill in each of the blanks with one suitable word
Processing information is a quality unique (1) __________ the human brain and
one which (2) __________ human beings from their animal relatives. The way in
which different types of data is processed (3)__________ according to its content.
Using sophisticated new technology, scientists are discovering how the brain
conducts (4) __________ upon receiving emotionally charged information.
It strikes us that the two hemispheres of the brain have different functions when
(5) __________ to emotional input. The left side decodes the literal meaning, while
the right side assesses the tone of the message, something known as prosody. By
measuring the velocity of blood flow to brain tissue, scientists were able to see which
areas required more (6) __________ of oxygen and glucose, essential for brain
activity. Increased blood flow implies increased demand, hence increased mental
activity in these areas. When tested subjects focused (7) __________ the meaning of
a statement, blood flow increased significantly to the left side of the brain. When they
were asked about the emotion expressed, it was (8) __________ the left and right
sides that received an increase in velocity, implying that meaning and emotional
content are considered together when reacting to a message.
This new understanding is of (9) __________ importance for victims of brain
damage caused by accidents or strokes. It can help explain why some experience
difficulties confusing literal meaning with the emotional content of a message, which
can lead to series misunderstandings. By identifying which areas are (10)
__________ responsible for these functions, doctors hope that future research will
lead them to ways to effect repairs. 1. to
2. separates/distinguishes 3. varies 4. itself 5. responding/ reacting 6. supply 7. on 8. both 9. great/ utmost 10. held
Passage 2: Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space.
Use only ONE WORD for each space.
A new study from Australia suggests that couch potatoes live shorter lives. The
study followed 8,800 adults (1) ________ 25 and older for six and a half years and
found that each daily hour of television viewing was (2) ____________ with an 18
percent increase in deaths from heart disease and an 11 percent increase in overall
mortality. Those who watched television four hours or more per day were 80 percent
more likely to die of cardiovascular disease than those who watched two hours or
less, and 46 percent more likely to die of any cause. And it did not (3) _________
whether they were overweight, according to the study, which appeared Jan 11th in the
online (4) __________of Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association.
Although it is possible that people who were already ill watched more television than
those who were healthy, the researchers tried to rule that (5) __________ by
excluding subjects who already had heart disease and by adjusting for differences in
risk (6) __________ like diet and smoking. While the benefits of physical activity
have been well studied, there is growing interest (7) __________ researchers in
assessing the effects of being sedentary. “For many people, on a daily (8) _________,
they simply shift from one chair to another-from the chair in the car to the chair in the
office to the chair in front of the television.” said the study’s lead author, David
Dunstan of the baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute in Victoria, Australia. “(9)
_____________ if someone has a healthy body weight, sitting for long periods still
has an unhealthy (10) _______________ on blood sugar and blood fats” 1. Aged 2. Associated 3. Matter 4. Edition 5. Out 6. Factors 7. Among 8. Basis 9. Even 10. Influence/impact WORD FORMATION
Provide the correct form of the word in capital in each sentence.
1. They claim that the fall in unemployment is based on a(n) __________
manipulation of statistics. FRAUD
2. Hundreds of __________ from the war zone have arrived in the city and we are
trying to find homes for them. EVACUATE
3. It’s better to be a(n) __________ and eat a variety of plants and animals in case
there is a shortage of one particular kind of food. VORE
4. Be careful. You may be __________ to put all your eggs in one basket. ADVICE
5. The rocks appear to be stationary but in the high winds that whip across this desert
landscape, they are in reality moving ______________________. PERCEIVE
6. The final vote was 128 for, 173 against with 21 ______________________. The
government has been humiliated by this defeat. ABSTAIN
7. Matilda found it hard to overcome the powerful sense of
______________________ she felt on waking for the first time in the new house. ORIENTATE
8. British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher called the hanging an act of _____ which
is deeply repugnant gớm, ghét, không ưa to all civilized people. BARBARIC
9. In my opinion, this book is just _____________________ rubbish. INTELLECT
10. He was standing in the middle, in the _____________________ of the picture. GROUND 1. fraudulent
6. abstentions sự kiêng, chống 2. evacuees 7. disorientation
3. omnivore động vật ăn tạp
8. barbarism/ barbarity tình trạng dã 4. ill-advised man, tình trạng man rợ
5. imperceptibly không thể nhận 9. pseudo-intellectually
thấy, không thể cảm thấy 10. foreground cận cảnh
fraudulent /ˈfrɔː.djʊ.l ə nt/ /ˈfrɑː-/ adjective CRIME 1. dishonest and illegal
A worrying trend for insurers has been a rise in fraudulent claims .
fraudulent /ˈfrɔː.djʊ.l ə nt/ /ˈfrɑː-/ adjective FALSE 2. intended to deceive
They claim that the fall in unemployment is based on a fraudulent manipulation of statistics.
fraudulence /ˈfrɔː.djʊ.l ə n t s/ /ˈfrɑː-/ noun [ U ]
abstain /æbˈsteɪn/ verb [ I ] NOT DO
1. to not do something, especially something enjoyable that you think might be bad
He took a vow to abstain from alcohol/smoking/sex.
abstain /æbˈsteɪn/ verb [ I ] NOT VOTE
2. to decide not to use your vote
63 members voted in favour, 39 opposed and 5 abstained.
abstention /æbˈsten. t ʃ ə n/ noun NOT VOTE
1. [ C or U ] when someone chooses not to vote in favour of or against someone or something
There were high levels of abstention ( from voting) in the last elections.
There were ten votes in favour, six against, and three abstentions.
abstention /æbˈsten. t ʃ ə n/ noun NOT DO
2. [ U ] FORMAL not doing something, such as drinking alcohol or having sex
Abstention from alcohol is essential while you are taking this medication.
repugnant /rɪˈpʌg.nənt/ adjective FORMAL
If behaviour or beliefs, etc. are repugnant, they are very unpleasant, causing a feeling of disgust a repugnant smell
I find your attitude towards these women quite repugnant.
The idea of cheating in an exam is morally repugnant to me. the foreground
a. the people, objects, countryside, etc. in a picture or photograph that seem
nearest to you and form its main part
In the foreground of the painting is a horse and cart. Compare background
b. the area of most importance and activity, or which people pay attention to
Historically, issues of this kind have not occupied the foreground of political debate.
III. Find the suitable word with its correct form retail essence avoid variable logic critic centre press exceed efficient FOOD MILES
In Britain, what is described as 'food miles', the distance which food is
transported from the place where it is grown to its point of sale, continues to rise. This
has major economic, social and environmental consequences, given the traffic
congestion and pollution which (1.) ____________ follow.
According to (2) ____________ groups, the same amount of food is travelling
50 per cent further than twenty years ago. What's more, the rise in the demand for
road haulage over this period has mostly been due to the transport of food and drink.
The groups assert that the increase in the number of lorry journeys is (3)
____________ and that many of these are far from (4.) ____________.
In the distribution systems employed by British food (5) ____________, fleets
of lorries bring all goods into more (6) _______ located warehouses for redistribution
across the country. (7) ____________ as this might appear, the situation whereby
some goods get sent back to the same areas from which they came is (8) ____________.
In response to scathing (9) ____________ from environmentalists, some food
distributors now aim to minimize the impact of food miles by routing vehicles,
wherever possible, on motorways after dark. This encourages greater energy (10.)
____________ whilst also reducing the impact on the residential areas through which they would otherwise pass. 1. invariably 2. pressure 3. excessive 4. essential 5. retailers 6. centrally 7. illogical
8. unavoidable 9. criticism(s) 10. efficiency 5. far be it from me to I certainly would not
Far be it from me to tell you how to run your life. 6. far from sth certainly not something
The situation is far from clear. 7. far from it certainly not
He's not handsome - far from it. 8. from far and wide from a large number of places
People came from far and wide to see the house.
scathing /ˈskeɪ.ðɪŋ/ adjective
severely and unkindly critical scathing criticism
He was very scathing about the report, saying it was inaccurate. scathe scathe /skeið/ danh từ
o ((từ hiếm,nghĩa hiếm), (thường), phủ định) thiệt hại, tổn thương
without scathe: bình an vô sự IV. MISTAKE CORRECTION
Read the following text which contains 10 mistakes. Underline the mistakes and
write the corrections in the corresponding numbered boxes. Lines
Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) are produced any time an electric current runs
through a wire or an appliance. Wherever you find electricity, you will find EMFs.
In today electrical environment, EMFs are everywhere. Atlantic Gas & Electric has
detected them near power generations, around radio and transmission stations,
under power lines, and near electrical outlets, lights, office equipment and computer terminals.
The idea that electromagnetic fields could be dangerous to your health is entirely
new. Soviet scientists began reporting on them as early as 1972 when they noticed
that switchyard workers who were regularly exposed high levels of
electromagnetic fields near the Omsk Power Station experienced strange health
effects. There were increasing levels of heart disease, nervous disorders, and blood
pressure changes, as long as recurring headaches, fatigue, stress and chronic depression.
Today, power companies cannot avoid the EMF issue. Medical evidence has taken
it to the fore. Concerned citizens have effectively organized themselves to attract
the attention of the medium, their public officials and, in one instance, the
management of the Oakville Power Authority. Their goal is to identify the EMF
problem clearly, target their objectives carefully, then make their demands known
as the Public Utilities Commission. If enough reports reach the Commission, it will
become clear that these are not isolated instances. Citizens must demand that
utility companies prove there is a strong need to put through more power lines in residential neighborhoods. 1. today's 6. as well as 2. generators 7 brought 3. is not 8. media 4. exposed to 9. known to 5. increased 10. put up to the fore
to public attention or into a noticeable position
Various ecological issues have come to the fore since the discovery of the hole in the Earth's ozone layer.
The prime minister has deliberately brought to the fore those ministers with a more caring image. See also the forefront V. SENTENCE TRASFORMATION
A. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence before it.
1. He will lie on the sofa doing nothing all day round. He will do
…………………………………………..………………………………
2. Andy didn’t tell anybody that he was going on a lone expedition. Andy went
…………………………………………………………………………
3. It shouldn’t have surprised me that my children didn’t like the new, cheaper ice- cream. I might
…………………………………………………………………………….
4. The northwest of Britain has more rain each year than the southeast. The annual
……………………………………………..…………………………..
5. For further information, please send a self-addressed envelope to the above address. Further information can
……………………………………………………………
1. He will do nothing but lie on the sofa all day round
2. Andy went on alone expedition without telling anybody about it
3. I might have known my children would not like …
4. The annual rainfall in/for the northwest of Britain is higher/greater than (that
in) the … or … lower/less..
5. Further information can be obtained by sending...
B. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it is as similar as
possible in meaning to the original sentence. Use the word given and other words
as necessary. Do not change the form of the given word.
1. There is no need to be so upset about the result. SHED
……………………..…………………………………………………………………… ………..
2. Sam tried extremely hard to convince her, but it was no use. BRING Hard
………………..………………………………………………………………………… …..
3. Although he has been very determined, he has never managed to defeat his rival. DETERMINATION
………………..………………………………………………………………………… …………
4. Without his personal assistant John wouldn’t know what to do next. RELIES
………………..………………………………………………………………………… …………
5. Fred has only himself to blame for losing his driving license for repeated speeding. SERVES
………………..………………………………………………………………………… …………
1. There is no need to shed any tears over the result.
2. Hard as/though Sam tried, he couldn’t bring her round (to his way of thinking).
3. Despite his great determination, he has never managed to defeat his rival.
4. John relies on his personal assistant (in order) to know what to do next.
5. It serves Fred right that he lost/for losing …/the loss of … serves Fred right. serve sb right INFORMAL
If you say that something bad serves someone right, you mean that they deserve it
"He hit me!" "It serves you right. You shouldn't have been rude to him."
1. Were Jack not so affluent a man, she would not be dating with him.
But..............................................................................
2. It is likely that they forgot about the extra class.
They.............................................................................
3. Do you have any scarves? I'm looking for one that's woolen, green and fairly long.
I'm looking for a...........................................................
4. You should not lock this door for any reason when the building is open to the public.
Under no .....................................................................
5. A bee sting is more likely to cause death these days than a snake bite.
Death............................................................................
6. If something’s worrying you, you should tell me about it now. CHEST
If you have a problem, why don’t you………………………………………..now?
7. I think you should confront your boss right now with how you feel about this. OUT
Why don’t you………………………………………………………your boss right now?
8. Anna had decided Tom was not telling the truth about what happened. TEETH
Anna was sure Tom ……………………………………………….. about what happened.
9. Perhaps my sister was bad-tempered because she was tired. FACT
I put my sister’s……………………………………….. she was tired.
10. When confronted with his crime the accused was unrepentant. REMORSE
The accused……………………………………………………crime he had committed.
C. 1. Were Jack not so affluent a man, she would not be dating with him.
But..............................................................................
But for Jack’s being so affluent, she would not be dating with him.
2. It is likely that they forgot about the extra class.
They.............................................................................
They probably forgot about the extra class.
3. Do you have any scarves? I'm looking for one that's woolen, green and fairly long.
I'm looking for a...........................................................
I’m looking for a fairly long, green and woolen scarf. OSASCOMP
4. You should not lock this door for any reason when the building is open to the public.
Under no .....................................................................
Under no circumstance should you lock this door when the building is open to the public.
5. A bee sting is more likely to cause death these days than a snake bite.
Death............................................................................
Death is more likely to be caused by a bee sting than by a snake bite these days.
6. If something’s worrying you, you should tell me about it now. CHEST
If you have a problem, why don’t you………………………………………..now?
If you have a problem, why don’t you get it off your chest?
7. I think you should confront your boss right now with how you feel about this. OUT
Why don’t you………………………………………………………your boss right now?
Why don’t you have it out with your boss right now ?
8. Anna had decided Tom was not telling the truth about what happened. TEETH
Anna was sure Tom ……………………………………………….. about what happened.
Anna was sure Tom was lying through his teeth about what happened
9. Perhaps my sister was bad-tempered because she was tired. FACT
I put my sister’s……………………………………….. she was tired.
I put my sister’s bad-temper down to the fact that she was tired.
10. When confronted with his crime the accused was unrepentant. REMORSE
sự ăn năn, sự hối hận
The accused……………………………………………………crime he had committed.
The accused showed no remorse for the crime he had committed.
D. Complete each sentence, using the correct form of the word in parentheses.
1. I would say that you’d be ………… to resign without having found a new job. (ADVICE)
2. Two people have been arrested for illegal possession of ………… in a police raid. (ARM)
3. The comedy Bringing Up Baby presents practically non-stop dialogue delivered at ………… speed. (NECK)
4. This use of dialogue underscores the ………… of the film itself and thus its humor. (ABSURD)
5. People are increasingly becoming ………… to violence on television. (SENSE)
6. They were now faced with seemingly ………… technical problems (MOUNT)
7. He is currently standing trial for alleged ………… (PRACTICE)
8. All points on a circle are ………… (DISTANT) from the centre.
9. The organization insists that it is ………… and does not identify with any one particular party (POLITICS)
10. The new regulations will be ………… for small businesses. (BURDEN) 1. ill-advised/ 2. armament
3. Breakneck 4. absurdity 5. Desensitized inadvisable sự vũ trang nguy hiểm khử nhạy, làm bớt nhạy
6. insurmountable 7. malpractices 8. equidistant 9. apolitical 10. burdensome cách đều không (toán học) chính trị
absurd /əbˈsɜːd/ /-ˈsɝːd/ adjective
1. stupid or unreasonable; silly in a humorous way What an absurd thing to say!
Don't be so absurd! Of course I want you to come.
It's an absurd situation - neither of them will talk to the other. Do I look absurd in this hat? 2. the absurd
things that happen that are stupid or unreasonable
The whole situation borders on the absurd.
She has a keen sense of the absurd.
equidistant /ˌek.wɪˈdɪs.t ə nt/ , /ˌiː.kwɪ-/ adjective equally far or close
London is roughly equidistant from Oxford and Cambridge.