Đề cương ôn tập kỹ năng viết B1 môn English | Trường Đại học Thủy Lợi

ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP KỸ NĂNG VIẾT B1 I.
CẤU TRÚC BÀI THI
Phần 1: Viết lại câu - Sentence transformation/ Rewrite the sentences (5 điểm)
Phần 2: Viết thư - Email writing (5 điểm)
Phần 3: Viết đoạn văn - Paragraph writing (15 điểm)
Thời gian: 45 phút II.
HƯỚNG DẪN ÔN TẬP
PHẦN 1: Viết lại câu - Sentence transformation/ Rewrite the sentences – (5 điểm)
- Một số loại viết lại câu
• Dùng 1 cấu trúc nào đó trong tiếng anh
• Dùng dạng khác của từ
• Chuyển từ chủ động sang bị động
• Chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp
• Các trường hợp về đảo ngữ… - Lưu ý:
- Kiểm tra ngữ pháp: Thì của động từ, số ít, số nhiều, sự phù hợp giữa chủ ngữ và động từ
- Kiểm tra ngữ nghĩa: câu viết lại phải giữ nguyên nghĩa câu gốc.
- Một số cấu trúc thường dùng
1. It takes sb (khoảng thời gian) to do sth/ sb spend (khoảng thời gian) doing sth
VD: It took her 3 hours to get to the city centre.
= She spent 3 hours getting to the city centre.
2. Understand = to be aware of
VD: Do you understand the grammar structure?
= Are you aware of the grammar structure?
3. Like something/ doing something = to be interested in something/
doing something = enjoy something/ doing something = keen on
something/ doing something 1
VD: She likes politics. = She is interested in politics.
She likes reading. = She is interested in reading. = She enjoys reading. = She is keen on reading.
4. Because + clause = because of + N
VD: He can’t move because his leg was broken.
= He can’t move because of his broken leg.
5. Although + clause = despite + N = in spite of + N
VD: Although she is old, she can compute very fast.
= Despite / In spite of her old age, she can compute very fast.
6. Cấu trúc : …..too + adj (for sb) to do sth : quá để làm gì
VD: My father is too old to drive.
7. so + adj + that Clause = it is such a/ an N that: quá đến nỗi mà
VD: She is so beautiful that everybody loves her.
= It is such a beautiful girl that everybody loves her.
8. Adj/ Adv + enough (for sb) to do sth: đủ để làm gì
VD: This car is enough safe for him to drive.
VD: The policeman ran quickly enough to catch the robber
Một số dạng bài cơ bản
9. Cấu trúc : prefer sb to do sth = would rather sb Vpast sth: thích, muốn ai làm gì
VD: I’prefer you (not) to smoke here
I’d rather you (not) smoked here
10. Prefer doing sth to doing sth : thích làm gì hơn làm gì = Would rather do sth than do sth
VD: She prefers staying at home to going out
She’d rather stay at home than go out
11. Can = to be able to = to be possible
VD: He can’t walk on his foot.
He isn’t able to walk on his foot
He is unable to walk on his foot 2
He is impossible to walk on his foot
12. This is the first time + S + have + PII = S+be + not used to + Ving/N
VD: This is the first time I have seen so many people crying at the end of the movie.
=> I was not used to seeing so many people crying at the end of the movie.
13. S + will + V + if + S + V = S + V + unless + S + V
VD: I will go to the beach if it is sunny today.
=> I won’t go to the beach unless it is sunny.
14. Direct speech = indirect speech ( reported speech)
15. Used to, did not use to
16. Passive voice – Active voice: Câu bị động , câu chủ động
17. Comparative – not as … as 3
PART II – VIẾT EMAIL
DẠNG 1: Viết email -Informal emails (35 -45 từ)
1. Cấu trúc của một email thông thường
1.1. Lời mở đầu/ chào: Dear Tom, /Hi Tom,/ Hey Tom,
1.2. Đầu bức thư:
• Thanks for your letter. (Cảm ơn bạn đã viết thư)
• Lovely to hear from you. (Rất vui khi nhận được tin tức từ bạn)
• How are you? (Bạn khỏe không?)
• How are things? (Mọi việc thế nào)
• Hope you're well. (Mình hi vọng bạn khỏe.)
• Hope that this email finds you well. • A quick message to say.. 1.3. Nội dung email
+ Viết 3 - 4 ý được gợi ý trong đề bài. + Viết ngắn gọn:
- Câu hỏi 1: Trả lời trực tiếp + Mở rộng ý (sử dụng ví dụ, phân tích,
chứng minh, giải thích..). Độ dài: 1-2 câu
- Câu hỏi 2: Trả lời trực tiếp + Mở rộng ý (sử dụng ví dụ, phân tích,
chứng minh, giải thích..). Độ dài: 1-2 câu
- Câu hỏi 3: Trả lời trực tiếp + Mở rộng ý (sử dụng ví dụ, phân tích,
chứng minh, giải thích..). Độ dài: 1-2 câu
+ Sử dụng các cách chuyển ý như sau:
- Anyway, the reason I'm writing ...
- I thought I'd write to tell/ask you - Anyway, I was wondering ...
1.4. Kết thúc email: Well, that's all for now. See you soon Write back soon. Take care,
Looking forward to hearing from you again. Yours, All the best, Love, Best wishes, Lots of love,
• (Ký tên – Không ký tên mình mà sử dụng một tên giả nào đó) 4
2. Ví dụ: Đề 2 - Part 2
You have a friend whose name is Matt. You have come back from his birthday
party. Write an email to Matt to tell him how you think about the party.
In your email, you should: • thank him for the party • say what you liked best
• suggest when you could both meet again.
Don’t write your name or your address.
Write 35-45 words on your answer sheet. Dear Sarah,
A quick message to tell you about the plan of birthday party for David. It is on
30th November, 2023 in my house. I want to make him surprised. So, can you
come over the party? I need you to help decorations with colorful balloons,
flowers, candles, and even a game box. By the way, you can bring some fruits
to the party, I will prepare a cake. We’ll keep in touch. Best, Joshua
DẠNG 2. Thư trang trọng - Formal email 1. Cấu trúc email
1.1. Chào hỏi - Greeting:
Dear Sir/ Madam / Dear Mr/Ms + tên họ đầy đủ,
1.2. Mở đầu email: nêu mục đích chính (viết lại yêu cầu của đề bài) I am writing to ….
I am writing in response to …
I am writing in reply to your email on…
Thank you very much for your information on …
1.3. Nội dung chính:
+ Phát triển nội dung chính của mail.
+ Trả lời các câu hỏi của đề bài
+ Sử dụng các từ chuyển ý linh hoạt. 5 1.4. Cuối email:
VD: I am looking forwards to hearing from you soon.
I am looking forwards to your reply.
1.5. Chào kết email
Yours faithfully, (Nếu không biết tên người nhận)
Yours sincerely, (Nếu biết rõ tên người nhận)
(Ký tên– Không ký tên mình mà sử dụng một tên giả nào đó)
2. Ví dụ: Đề 6 – Part 2
You want to inquire about a job opening at a local company. Write an email to
the HR manager of the company expressing your interest and asking for more
information about the position. In your email,
• Introduce yourself briefly and mention your interest in the company.
• State that you heard about the job opening and would like more details.
• Ask for information regarding job responsibilities, qualifications, and the application process. Dear HR Manager,
Thank you for your information on the job opportunity opening posted on
Vietnamworks.com. My name is David Lee from Singapore. I am confident about
my professional knowledge, working experience and communication skills. I
would like to ask more details of the position of a receptionist staff in your
company relating to job description, qualifications and application procedure.
Looking forwards to hearing from you soon. Your faithfully, David Lee 6
PART 3: VIẾT ĐOẠN VĂN - PARAGRAPH
1. Đề mẫu: Đề 01 – Part 3
Write a paragraph in about 120-150 words about how to stay healthy and keep fit.
2. Các bước thực hiện
2.1. Phân tích đề bài
+ Chủ đề - Topic: How to stay healthy and keep fit
+ Nhiệm vụ: Thảo luận (Discuss) Ý 1: Diet Ý 2: Exercise Ý 3: Mental Health
+ Thì động từ: Thì hiện tại
+ Từ nối: Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly, In conclusion …
+ Viết lại từ khoá:
Diet = eating plan = food, nutriment
Exercise = gymnastics, sports, jogging, running
Mental health = mindfulness, happiness + Cấu trúc câu:
- SVO (Chủ ngữ + Động từ + Tân ngữ) VD1: Fitness plays
an important role for good health. S V O - There is/ There are
VD2: There are three factors to make a good body such as diet, exercise and metal health.
- It is + adj + for sb + to V
VD3: It is essential for me to do sports such as jogging, dancing and
swimming if I want to lose weight. 7 - Câu so sánh
VD4: It is better to do physical exercise in the morning rather than in the evening. - Câu bị động
VD5: A balanced diet is said to be very crucial to weight management. - Câu điều kiện
VD6: If you want to keep a happy emotion, you should smile a lot.
- Những cấu trúc khác
3. Cấu trúc đoạn:
3.1. Mở đoạn: Introduction sentence, Topic sentence: 1-2 câu
+ Nêu khái quát chủ đề: nêu ý chung nhất (nêu khái niệm, định nghĩa..) 1 câu
+ Nêu ngắn gọn / tóm tắt 2-3 ý sẽ trình bày.
3.2. Thân đoạn: 5-7 câu - Ý 1
+ Nêu ý chính (nhắc lại ý đã nêu trong phần mở đoan)
+ Phát triển ý (ví dụ, chứng minh, phân tích, giải thích…) - Ý 2
+ Nêu ý chính (nhắc lại ý đã nêu trong phần mở đoan)
+ Phát triển ý (ví dụ, chứng minh, phân tích, giải thích…) - Ý 3
+ Nêu ý chính (nhắc lại ý đã nêu trong phần mở đoan)
+ Phát triển ý (ví dụ, chứng minh, phân tích, giải thích…)
3.3. Kết đoạn: - Conclusion sentence: 1-2 câu
– Nhận xét, đánh giá hoặc cảm nghĩ của bản thân, đưa ra thông điệp 8
4. Phân tích ví dụ
4.1. Mở đoạn: Introduction sentence, Topic sentence: 1-2 câu
+ Nêu khái quát chủ đề: nêu ý chung nhất (nêu khái niệm, định nghĩa..) 1 câu
The basis of general well-being is keeping a healthy lifestyle
+ Nêu ngắn gọn / tóm tắt 2-3 ý sẽ trình bày.
Diet, exercise, and mental health are all very beneficial for earning a good living.
4.2. Thân đoạn: 5-7 câu - Ý 1
+ Nêu ý chính (nhắc lại ý đã nêu trong phần mở đoan)
First of all, a complete diet is important in this situation because it gives
the body the nutrition and calories to work well, maintain good health,
prevent illnesses and control weight.
+ Phát triển ý (ví dụ, chứng minh, phân tích, giải thích…)
A balanced diet consists of a variety of foods such as protein, fruits, vegetables, grains and oil. - Ý 2
+ Nêu ý chính (nhắc lại ý đã nêu trong phần mở đoan)
Second, exercise is equally important for maintaining physical as well as mental health.
+ Phát triển ý (ví dụ, chứng minh, phân tích, giải thích…)
In addition to strengthening bones and muscles, improving heart and brain
health, and increasing endurance, it also releases endorphins, which can reduce stress. - Ý 3
+ Nêu ý chính (nhắc lại ý đã nêu trong phần mở đoan)
The third pillar, which is essential but sometimes ignored, is the health of the mind. 9
+ Phát triển ý (ví dụ, chứng minh, phân tích, giải thích…)
Practices like stress reduction, mindfulness and meditation are essential in
developing strong emotions, reducing anxiety, and keeping a cheerful outlook on life.
4.3. Kết đoạn: - Conclusion sentence: 1-2 câu
– Nhận xét, đánh giá hoặc cảm nghĩ của bản thân, đưa ra thông điệp
In conclusion, while following a healthy lifestyle has several benefits that
go well beyond simply improving one's physical health, it also increases
one's longevity, happiness, and sense of fulfillment, enabling one to fully enjoy life. 4.4. Bài viết
The basis of general well-being is keeping a healthy lifestyle. Diet,
exercise, and mental health are all very beneficial for earning a good living.
First of all, a complete diet is important in this situation because it gives
the body the nutrition and calories to work well, maintain good health,
prevent illnesses and control weight. A balanced diet consists of a variety
of foods such as protein, fruits, vegetables, grains and oil. Second, exercise
is equally important for maintaining physical as well as mental health. In
addition to strengthening bones and muscles, improving heart and brain
health, and increasing endurance, it also releases endorphins, which can
reduce stress. The third pillar, which is essential but sometimes ignored, is
the health of the mind. Practices like stress reduction, mindfulness and
meditation are essential in developing strong emotions, reducing anxiety,
and keeping a cheerful outlook on life. In conclusion, while following a
healthy lifestyle has several benefits that go well beyond simply improving
one's physical health, it also increases one's longevity, happiness, and sense
of fulfillment, enabling one to fully enjoy life. (180 words) 5. Chủ đề 1.
Describe a person ( a child, an idol, a friend, a teacher…) 2.
Describe a place ( a city, a famous building, a sight-seeing place, a dream house, a shop…) 3.
Describe an event ( a holiday, a meal, a weekend, a day in your life, a
leisure activity, family experience…). 4.
Describe a sport, a film, the most useful machine (smartphone/TV), a TV show. 10 5.
Living in cities, Hanoi in the morning at the rush hour. 6. Living in the countryside. 7.
A job you like, your healthy lifestyle. 8.
Changes in your life in recent years. 9.
Environment problem in your city. 10.
Advantages of learning a language, using social network, smartphones, getting up early. 11.
Favourite food, favourite way to keep contact with friends. 11 PRACTICE TEST 01 Part 1 Questions 1 -5
For each question, complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first.
Use NO MORE THAN THREE words.
Write the missing words on your answer sheet. Example:
0. There are some advertisements for jobs in the local newspaper.
The local newspaper……………………some advertisements for jobs. Answer: 0 has .
1. For a healthier life, eating well is more important than anything else.
The ……………………….. thing for a healthy life is eating well. most important
2. My grandfather was a keen runner, but he stopped when he hurt his back.
My grandfather ………………….. run a lot, but he stopped when he hurt his back. used to
3. Terry's diet was worse ten years ago.
Terry's diet …………………….. now than it was ten years ago. is better
4. In the 1970s, people thought less about what they ate.
In the 1970s, people didn't ……………to think so much about what they ate. use
5. I've never had such an easy job.
This is …………………………….. job I've ever had. the easiest 12 Part 2 Question 6
You want to buy some clothes in an English city.
Write an email to your English friend, George. In your email, you should
• Ask George where to buy cheap clothes
• Ask George how to get there
• Ask what time the store opens and closes.
Write 35 - 45 words or more on your answer sheet. Part 3 Question 7
• Write a paragraph about how to stay healthy and keep fit.
• Write in at least 120 words on your answer sheet. 13 PRACTICE TEST 02 Part 1 Questions 1 -5
For each question, complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first.
Use NO MORE THAN THREE words.
Write the missing words on your answer sheet. Example:
0. There are some advertisements for jobs in the local newspaper.
The local newspaper……………………some advertisements for jobs. Answer: 0 has
1. Were gyms popular in the 1980s?
Did many people ………………to the gym in the 1980s? use to go
2. I'm 1.80 metres tall now, and my older brother is 1.81 metres.
I'm almost …………………… my older brother now. as tall as
3. Aunt Sarah didn't live in New York before but she does now.
Aunt Sarah ……………………to live in New York. didn’t use
4. K Rowling wrote seven books about Harry Potter.
The seven Harry Potter books ……………………… JK Rowling. were written by
5. Someone stole the museum's most famous painting in 1981.
The museum's most famous painting …………………….. in 1981. was stolen 14 Part 2 Question 6
You want to plan a surprise birthday party for your friend.
Write an email to another friend, Sarah, to invite her and ask for her help with the
surprise party. In your email, you should
• Explain your plan to organize a surprise birthday party.
• Invite Sarah to the party.
• Ask if she can help with decorations or food.
Write 35 - 45 words or more on your answer sheet. Part 3 Question 7
• Write a paragraph about an achievement in your life. It could be in sport,
education, work or your personal life.
• Write in at least 120 words on your answer sheet. 15 PRACTICE TEST 03 Part 1 Questions 1 -5
For each question, complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first.
Use NO MORE THAN THREE words.
Write the missing words on your answer sheet. Example:
0. There are some advertisements for jobs in the local newspaper.
The local newspaper……………………some advertisements for jobs. Answer: 0 has
1. Michelangelo didn't paint the Mona Lisa.
The Mona Lisa ……………………… by Michelangelo.
wasn’t painted/ was not painted
2. Someone broke a window during the night.
A window……………during the night. was broken
3. When did James become a professional writer?
How …………………………James been a professional writer? long has
4. Nigel's love of music started when he was a young child.
Nigel ………………………………….. since he was a young child.
has loved music/ has liked music/ has enjoyed music
5. They released their first album in 1995.
Their first album …………………… in 1995. was released 16 Part 2 Question 6
You want to plan a weekend city break with your friends.
Write an email to your friend, Sarah, to invite her and discuss the details of the
trip. In your email, you should
• Explain your plan for the weekend city break.
• Invite Sarah to join you and your friends.
• Discuss possible dates and destination ideas.
Write 35 - 45 words or more on your answer sheet. Part 3 Question 7
• Write a paragraph about a book you've recently read and enjoyed.
• Write in at least 120 words on your answer sheet. 17 PRACTICE TEST 04 Part 1 Questions 1 -5
For each question, complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first.
Use NO MORE THAN THREE words.
Write the missing words on your answer sheet. Example:
0. There are some advertisements for jobs in the local newspaper.
The local newspaper……………………some advertisements for jobs. Answer: 0 has
1. Peter became a professional musician in 2018.
Peter's been a professional musician ………………………………….. 2018. since
2. I'm meeting my teacher in the library at ten o'clock.
I've arranged ……………………………. my teacher in the library at ten o'clock.
a meeting with/ an appointment with/ to meet
3. Louise doesn't want to live at home when she's at university.
Louise wants to avoid ……………………………………….. when she's at university. living at home
4. I must revise for my exams, or I might fail them.
If I ……………………………for my exams, I might fail them. don’t revise
5. Sarah's trying to save enough money to go travelling before she starts university.
If Sarah has enough money, she …………………………… travelling before she starts university. will go/ can go 18 Part 2 Question 6
You want to recommend a new book you've recently read to your friend.
Write an email to your friend, John, to share your thoughts about the book. In your email, you should
• Introduce the book and its author
• Explain why you enjoyed the book
• Recommend that John read it and ask if he'd like to borrow your copy.
Write 35 - 45 words or more on your answer sheet. Part 3 Question 7
• Write a paragraph about a sport or leisure activity you enjoy.
• Write in at least 120 words on your answer sheet. 19 PRACTICE TEST 05 Part 1 Questions 1 -5
For each question, complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first.
Use NO MORE THAN THREE words.
Write the missing words on your answer sheet. Example:
0. There are some advertisements for jobs in the local newspaper.
The local newspaper……………………some advertisements for jobs. Answer: 0 has
1. Darren wants to get good marks, or he'll be unhappy.
Darren …………………… be happy if he gets bad marks. won’t be
2. Jill says the library is the best place to study.
Jill recommends ……………….. in the library. studying
3. Greta's mother said to her: 'If you study law, you'll enjoy it!'
Greta's mother says that if …………………… law, she'll enjoy it. she studies
4. Clara didn't work hard last year and now she's sorry.
Clara regrets ………………………. hard last year. not studying/ not working
5. There was no fresh fruit for breakfast at the hotel.
The hotel didn't offer ………… fresh fruit for breakfast. any 20