Đề luyện Đội tuyển dự thi học sinh giỏi Quốc gia THPT (có đáp án) - Assorted Test 22

ASSORTED TEST 22 PART A. LISTENING: (40pts)
Part 1: You will hear part of an interview with the astronaut Charles Duke, who is talking about his
trip to the moon. From question 1-5, choose the answer A, B, C, or D which fits best according to what you hear. (10pts)
1. How did Charles feel about space travel as a boy?
A. He thought it was unlikely to happen.
B. He regarded it as more than science fiction.
C. He was fascinated by the idea of it.
D. He showed no particular interest in it.
2. What was Charles consider to be the hardest part of the training.
A. feeling trapped in the heavy spacesuit.
B. endlessly practising the lunar surface landing.
C. constantly being afraid of making a mistake.
D. being unable to move his arm and hands.
3. How did the crew feel when they had landed on the moon?
A. They felt as if they were coming home.
B. They realised they had achieved something special.
C. They were afraid of what they might find on the surface.
D. They were worried about how they would take off again.
4. What feature of the moon made the greatest impact on Charles? A. the brightness of the sun. B. the vastness of the sky
C. the loneliness of the place D. the absence of any stars.
5. What does Charles feel was the most memorable part of his mission?
A. nearly falling in to a crater.
B. walking on the moon’s surface.
C. seeing things never seen before.
D. holding a piece of the moon.
Part 2: You will hear the minister talking about crime. Are these statements true or false? Write T
(true) or F (false). (10 points)
1. Peter Miles appointed a new head of the police service. _______
2. The government has spent a lot of money on CCTV. _______
3. The government copied the Make Amends scheme from another country. _______
4. More people get mugged now than ten years ago. _______
5. The figures in the report are completely accurate. _______
Part 3: You will hear part of a radio programme about toys, in which the development of a famous toy
called Meccano is described. Complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. (20 points)
Frank Hornby worked for a ___________________________ (1).
He was inspired by a book called ___________________________ (2).
The __________________________ (3) he invented did not work properly.
He started to consider the idea of ___________________________ (4) parts.
He dicided that the parts would need to have a _______________________ (5) in them.
The first parts he made were from a big ___________________________ (6).
The first object that was built with the new system was a _____________________ (7).
The first name given to the new toy was ___________________________ (8).
Each Meccano set could be made bigger with the use of an ____________________ (9).
Hornby _____________________(10) arrived in 1925, followed by speedboats, and other toys in 1933.
PART B: LEXICO – GRAMMAR(40pts) 1
I. Choose the correct answer to each question
1. The politician gave a press conference to deny the charges that had been ……at him. A. targeted B. leveled C. accused D. blamed
2. General Custer was confident of victory despite being vastly……..by the enemy. A. outnumbered B. outclassed C. overcome D. overtaken
3. The purpose of the survey was to ………… the inspectors with local conditions. A. inform B. acquaint C. instruct D. notify
4. My wife’s being ……….. for migraine headaches at the clinic. A. cured B. healed C. operated D. treated
5. Despite the high divorce rate, the ……….. of marriage remains popular. A. practice B. habit C. institution D. state
6. He drove fast and arrived an hour ………….. of schedule. A. in advance B. ahead C. abreast D. in front
7. There is no point in phoning him. He’s certain ……..by now. A. to leave B. to have left C. left D. having left
8. The lawyer claimed that the tests had been carried out by experienced scientists but this is not necessarily …….. A. so B. the way C. thus D. the method
9. If you don’t stop smoking, you ………the risk of developing chronic bronchitis. A. bear B. suffer C. make D. run
10. The doctor prescribed tablets to help ……..the pain. A. lighten B. calm C. relieve D. rid
11. He was a pickpocket and had to spend many years behind ------. A. windows B. prisons C. cells D. bars
12. Please drop me a ------ when you get to Paris. A. word B. message C. sentence D. line
13. Her performance in the last scene was quite ________. A. describable B. remarkable C. notable D. noticeable
14. You should be _________ ashamed of yourself for what you have done. A. thoroughly B. hopelessly C. entirely D. earnestly
15. Hardship and hard work are very much part and ________ of student life. A. package B. section C. province D. parcel
16. You’ll be glad to know that Yuki’s work is showing a ___________ improvement. A. mediocre B. minimal C. prominent D. pronounced
17. Far be it from me to _________ down the law, but I think we need to pull our socks up. A. put B. lay C. write D. set
18. The prospects of picking up any survivors are now __________. A. thin B. narrow C. slim D. restricted
19. I think that Tolstoy should be ________ reading for anyone interested in literature. A. necessary B. compelled C. required D. legal
20. Hopes are _______ of finding the missing boat. A. darkening B. going C. fading D. draining
II. Put the correct form of the words in brackets
Joshua Beckford has never been the (type) child. At two years old, he 0. Typical
quickly mastered reading fluently using (1. PHONETICS) and was
speaking Japanese by the age of three. At the age of six he became the 1. _____________
youngest person in the world to study Philosophy and History at the (2. 2
PRESTIGE) University of Oxford in England, gaining a distinction in 2. ____________ both subjects. 3. ____________
His father, Knox Daniel, said he first (3. NOTE) his son was clever when
he was sitting on his lap while on the computer. “I started telling him what
the letters on the keyboard were and I realized that he was remembering and could understand.”
He could read, write and understand the alphabet and point to (4. 4. ____________
DIFFERENTIATE) colors on a chart when he was just ten months old. In
2011, his father wanted to (5. CHALLENGING) his son, so he wrote to 5. _____________
the university to see if he could participate in a philosophy course for
bright children between the age of eight and thirteen. They agreed, and
Joshua was the youngest student ever accepted. He even passed with (6. 6. _____________ DISTINCT).
Named one of the smartest kids in the world, the now 12-years-old is far 7. _____________
too (7. ACADEMY) advanced to attend third grade with his peers and is (8. SCHOOL) instead. 8. _____________
So, what does a super (9. SCHOLARSHIP) study? Joshua excels at
science, math, history, foreign languages and history. He dreams of being 9. ____________
a (10. NEUROSURGERY) and is well on his way by practicing gall
bladder removals and appendectomy procedures. 10. ____________
III. Fill in the gaps in the letter with a suitable preposition
1. He is a leader ............... name only: his deputy has effectively taken over.
2. The tables in that restaurant are so close together that there’s hardly room to move ............... them.
3. He shot the bird while it was ............... the wing.
4. The church was destroyed by the bombing in 1940, but has ............... been rebuilt.
5. His last hours were quiet, and he passed ............... without pain.
6. I’ll do it for you ............... fail.
7. I’ll go ............... any length to secure this contract.
8. In Britain, natural gas is piped all over the country from gas field ............... the North Sea.
9. Don’t make a fuss ............... such a minor thing.
10. They spend a week in the capital city and then made ............... the country. PART C: READING (60pts)
I. Fill each of the numbered blanks in the passage with ONE suitable word. (15pts)
In most art museums, the paintings on the wall just look flat, but sometimes visitors come across an
image that appears to be three-dimensional. The artist has cleverly used colors, lines, and shading to give
the painting some depth, making it more (1) ___. The artistic technique of creating three-dimensional
images of something on a flat surface is called trompe l'oeil, a French phrase (2) ___ trick the eye. Today,
some artists are adapting the idea of tricking the eye to make things become invisible. A new (3) ___ for
this is camouflage art. In nature, there are major benefits to using camouflage to blend (4) ___ with the
surroundings. Becoming invisible, or at (5) ___ being harder to see on the ground or in a tree, allows
insects and animals to hide from things that might eat them. It also allows them to get close (6) ___ to
surprise other insects or smaller animals that they want to catch and eat. Artists are not hiding or
preparing to attack. (7) ___, they are using the idea of camouflage to make urban spaces look nicer or to 3
make statements with their art. Sometimes they just do it for fun. Artists can make these things more
interesting and in some cases make them (8) ___ visible. In many urban areas, large buildings have been
painted with amazing murals that trick our eyes. Thus, ordinary brick walls are transformed into
interesting (9) ___ of art. Temporary walls put up to keep people out of a (10) ___ site can be painted like
the finished building to camouflage the site.
II. Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. (15 points) MOUNTAIN RESCUE
Last year over 200 climbers were rescued from the mountains of Scotland alone by local rescue
teams, who go out in all weathers to do whatever they can to help when disaster (1)________. These
people are volunteers, giving their time and energy freely and, on occasion, putting themselves in danger.
They will risk life and (2)______ in an emergency when they are called on to rescue foolhardy or unlucky climbers.
A whole (3)________ of things can go wrong up in the mountains. A storm can (4)_______ up
without warning, reducing visibility to virtually zero. Then only the most experienced mountaineer could
find their way back down to safety. And it is easy to come to (5)________, breaking a leg - or worse.
Many climbers owe a huge (6)_______ of gratitude to the rescue teams!
While rescue teams work for no pay, there are considerable costs (7)_______ in maintaining an efficient
service. Equipment such as ropes and stretchers is of (8)________ importance, as are vehicles and radio
communications devices. Though some of the costs are (9)________ by the government, the rescue teams
couldn't operate without donations from the public. Fortunately, fundraising for a good cause like this is
not difficult; anyone who has ever been up in the mountains will gladly (10)_______ a contribution. 1. A. hits B. rises C. strikes D. arrive 2. A. limb B. blood C. bone D. flesh 3. A. scope B. extent C. range D. scale 4. A. brew B. arise C. whip D. lash 5. A. agony B. trouble C. problem D. grief 6. A. recognition B. liability C. debt D. obligation 7. A. implied B. involved C. featured D. connected 8. A. lively B. vibrant C. essential D. vital 9. A. borne B. held C. carried D. fulfilled 10.A. make B. take C. do D. hand
III. Read the passage and choose the best answer to each question A, B, C or D. (15p.) "Rising Sea Levels"
Perhaps the most pervasive climatic effect of global warming is rapid escalation of ice melt. Mount
Kilimanjaro in Africa, portions of the South American Andes, and the Himalayas will very likely lose
most of their glacial ice within the next two decades, affecting local water resources. Glacial ice continues 4
its retreat in Alaska. NASA scientists determined that Greenland's ice sheet is thinning by about 1 m per
year. The additional meltwater, especially from continental ice masses and glaciers, is adding to a rise in
sea level worldwide. Satellite remote sensing is monitoring global sea level, sea ice, and continental ice.
Worldwide measurements confirm that sea level rose during the last century.
Surrounding the margins of Antarctica, and constituting about 11% of its surface area, are numerous ice
shelves, especially where sheltering inlets or bays exist. Covering many thousands of square kilometers,
these ice shelves extend over the sea while still attached to continental ice. The loss of these ice shelves
does not significantly raise sea level, for they already displace seawater. The concern is for the possible
surge of grounded continental ice that the ice shelves hold back from the sea.
Although ice shelves constantly break up to produce icebergs, some large sections have recently broken
free. In 1998 an iceberg (150 km by 35 km) broke off the Ronne Ice Shelf, southeast of the Antarctic
Peninsula. In March 2000 an iceberg tagged B-15 broke off the Ross Ice Shelf (some 900 longitude west
of the Antarctic Peninsula), measuring 300 km by 40 km. Since 1993, six ice shelves have disintegrated
in Antarctica. About 8000 km of ice shelf are gone, changing maps, freeing up islands to
circumnavigation, and creating thousands of icebergs. The Larsen Ice Shelf, along the east coast of the
Antarctic Peninsula, has been retreating slowly for years. Larsen-A suddenly disintegrated in 1995. In
only 35 days in early 2002, Larsen-B collapsed into icebergs. This ice loss is likely a result of the 2.5°C
temperature increase in the region in the last 50 years. In response to the increasing warmth, the Antarctic
Peninsula is sporting new vegetation growth, previously not seen there.
A loss of polar ice mass, augmented by melting of alpine and mountain glaciers (which experienced more
than a 30% decrease in overall ice mass during the last century) will affect sea-level rise. The IPCC
assessment states that "between one-third to one-half of the existing mountain glacier mass could
disappear over the next hundred years." Also, "there is conclusive evidence for a worldwide recession of
mountain glaciers ... This is among the clearest and best evidence for a change in energy balance at the
Earth's surface since the end of the 19th century."
[A.] Sea-level rise must be expressed as a range of values that are under constant reassessment. [B.] The
2001 IPCC forecast for global mean sea-level rise this century, given regional variations, is from 0.11-
0.88 m. [C.] The median value of 0.48 m is two to four times the rate of previous increase. These
increases would continue beyond 2100 even if greenhouse gas concentrations are stabilized. [D.]
The Scripps Institute of Oceanography in La Jolla, California, has kept ocean temperature records since
1916. Significant temperature increases are being recorded to depths of more than 300 m as ocean
temperature records are set. Even the warming of the ocean itself will contribute about 25% of sealevel
rise, simply because of thermal expansion of the water. In addition, any change in ocean temperature has
a profound effect on weather and, indirectly, on agriculture and soil moisture. In fact the ocean system
appears to have delayed some surface global warming during the past century through absorption of excess atmospheric neat. 5
A quick survey of world coastlines shows that even a moderate rise could bring changes of unparalleled
proportions. At stake are the river deltas, lowland coastal farming valleys, and low-lying mainland areas,
all contending with high water, high tides, and higher storm surges. Particularly tragic social and
economic consequences will affect small island states - being able to adjust within their present country
boundaries, disruption of biological systems, loss of biodiversity, reduction in water resources, among the
impacts. There could be both internal and international migration of affected human populations, spread
over decades, as people move away from coastal flooding from the sea-level rise. 1.
There is more new plant life in Antarctica recently because ______.
A. the mountain glaciers have melted
B. the land masses have split into islands
C. the icebergs have broken into smaller pieces
D. the temperature has risen by a few degrees 2.
It may be inferred from this passage that icebergs are formed ______.
A. by a drop in ocean temperatures
B. when an ice shelf breaks free
C. from intensely cold islands
D. if mountain glaciers melt 3.
The word ‘there’ in paragraph 3 refers to ______.
A. polar ice mass in the last 50 years
B. the temperature increase
C. new vegetation growth
D. in the Antarctic Peninsula 4.
The author explains the loss of polar and glacial ice by ______.
A. stating an educated opinion
B. referring to data in a study
C. comparing sea levels worldwide
D. presenting his research 5.
The word ‘conclusive’ in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ______. A. definite B. independent C. unique D. valuable 6.
Why does the author mention the Scripps Institute of Oceanography?
A. The location near the coast endangers the Scripps facility.
B. Research at Scripps indicates that the ocean is getting warmer.
C. One quarter of the rising sea levels has been recorded at Scripps.
D. Records at Scripps have been kept for nearly one hundred years. 7.
Which of the sentences below best expresses the information in the highlighted statement in the
passage? The other choices change the meaning or leave out important information.
A. Global warming on the surface of the planet may have been retarded during the last
hundred years because heat in the atmosphere was absorbed by the oceans.
B. Global warming on the surface of the ocean was greater than it was on the rest of the
planet during the past century because of heat in the atmosphere.
C. Too much heat in the atmosphere has caused global warming on the surface of the
planet for the past hundred years in spite of the moderation caused by the oceans.
D. There is less heat being absorbed by the oceans now than there was a hundred years 6
ago before the atmosphere began to experience global warming. 8.
Why will people move away from the coastlines in the future?
A. It will be too warm for them to live there.
B. The coastlines will have too much vegetation.
C. Flooding will destroy the coastal areas.
D. No agricultural crops will be grown on the coasts. 9.
Which of the following statements most accurately reflects the author's opinion about rising sea levels?
A. Sea levels would rise without global warming.
B. Rising sea levels can be reversed.
C. The results of rising sea levels will be serious.
D. Sea levels are rising because of new glaciers. 10.
Look at the four squares [.] that show where the following sentence could be inserted in the passage.
During the last century, sea level rose 10-20 cm; a rate 10 times higher than
the average rate during the last 3000 years
Where could the sentence best be added? A. [A.] B. [B.] C. [C.] D. [D.]
IV. You will read a passage and then answer the questions that accompany the passage.
Questions 1-10 (15pts)
The following reading passage has twelve paragraphs A-L. Choose the most suitable headings for
paragraphs B-L from the list of headings below. Write the appropriate numbers (i-xiv) in the spaces provided. LIST OF HEADINGS i What else is needed to fly ii Hang gliders' German origin iii
Unpowered flying - a flight fancy? v The function of battens vi
Safer than ballons and airplanes vii Training of hang glider fliers viii The British test ix Flying a hang glider x
What to do in case of emergency xi
Hang gliders can fly hundreds of miles xii
Development of hang gliders in America xiii
Testing systems to ensure safety xiv The structure of hang gliders
Example: Paragraph A Answer: iii 1. Paragraph B .................... 2. Paragraph C .................... 3. Paragraph D .................... 7 4. Paragraph E .................... 5. Paragraph F .................... 6. Paragraph G .................... 7. Paragraph H .................... 8. Paragraph I .................... 9. Paragraph J .................... 10. Paragraph K .................... ON THE WING
Hang gliding has come a long way since participants flew a few hundred feet from the top of a hill to the
bottom, and were lucky to finish up in one piece.
A. Suppose a friend told you he had just spent $4,000 on a new hang glider weighing a mere 60lb
( 27 kilos) which he could transport on top of his car and carry on his shoulders. Would you believe his
plan to fly scores of miles without an engine? A flight of fancy? Not at all, he would explain. Hang
gliding no loner deserves its reputation as a sport for reckless idiots who get a thrill risking life and limb
by leaping off cliffs and mountains.
B. Accident still happen, but they are usually caused by pilot error. Equipment failure is rare and most
mishaps result in nothing more than a bit of bent aluminium and a bruised ego. Hang Gliding, a magazine
for American enthusiasts, reckons that for every 100,000 participants the number of fatalities each year
for hang gliding is 22. This, it claims, makes pilots of hang gliders less intrepid than balloonists ( death
rate 67) or airline pilots (97).
C. Hang gliders are a marvel of simplicity and strength. A tough framework of aluminium tubing
supports a tailored sail stiffened by lots of alloy battens ( these hold the wing in shape). The whole
structure is braced by stainless- steel rigging wires. Tolerances are so fine that manufacturers have to cut
the entire sail on the same day to avoid variations introduced by changes in temperature and humidity.
And the designs of hang gliders have changed radically from early prototypes made from bamboo and polythene.
D. This unusual form of unpowered flight traces its origins back the work of a German pioneer, Otto
Lilienthal, in the 1890s. He carefully recorded the results of more than 2,000 experimental flights by man-
carrying gliders, many of them made from a 50-foot ( 15 -metre) high purpose- built hill near Berlin.
E. But modern hang gliding owes everything to a pioneer who is still alive: Francis Rogallo. He was
employed in America's space effort during the 1950s to design a steerable parachute for space- capsule
reentry. His work was never used for its intended purpose, but adapted instead by water-skiers to produce
a simple kite which could be towed aloft. It was a small step from this to attempting to make foot-
launched flights on these fragile craft, from the gentle and forgiving sand dunes of coastal California. By
the early 1960s, hang gliding was reborn.
F. Since then home-built kits have been replaced by production-line models made by about 20
manufacturers. Flights used to last a minute or tow. Today's pilot can remain aloft for hours while
traveling huge distances. The world distance record is currently held by an American, Larry Tudor, at 303
miles ( 488 km). It took him nearly nine hours to travel from Hobbs, New Mexico, to Elkart, Kansas.
G. Once airborne, actually flying requires subtlety rather than strength - one reason why women pilots
often perform better than men. The pilot is suspended prone in a cocoon-like harness and controls
direction and speed through gentle shifts of body weight. Launching the machine demands a committed
run of just a few steps down a slope facing the prevailing wind. Landing is harder. The pilot needs the
same kind of precision possessed by large birds when they land on level ground.
H. The necessary accessories include a helmet, gloves, an emergency parachute and a variety of
instruments, including a variometer. This clever box of electronics detects tiny changes in air pressure,
and relays this information as an audio tone and visual readout. Changes occur as the climbs ( lower
pressure) or descends ( higher pressure). The skill is in loitering in the rising air and avoiding the inevitable sink. 8
I. All new glider designs undergo rigorous tests before being certified airworthy. There are no
internationally agreed standards, but it is generally accepted that the systems adopted by Germany and
Britain are especially stringent.
J. In Britain, the British Hang gliding and Paragliding Association ( BHGPA) employs a mobile test rig
upon which the aircraft is mounted. The whole unit is towed at high speeds behind a suitable vehicle,
allowing various flying profiles to be tested and measured against the required extremes.
K. Training and coaching have also kept pace with technology and design. In Britain, full-time BHGPA
offices regulate training for beginners in commercial schools, and volunteer coaches at the 40 local clubs
throughout the country provide further training for their 3,500 members. Different countries have
different systems for rating the proficiency tasks of pilots, but all aim to measure attainment, skill and
knowledge through practical tasks and written examinations. PART D: WRITING (60pts) II. Graph writing: (10pts)
The line graphs below show the farm-level prices of corn, wheat and soybeans in the
US from 1990 to 2020. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the
main features, and make comparison where relevant.
You should write at least 150 words.
Source: “USDA Agricultural Projections to 2026.” Interagency Agricultural
Projections Committee (February 2017).
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________ 9
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________ III. Essay writing :
Many people are concerned that search engines such as Google, Coc Coc or Bing … do more harm
than good to students’ critical thinking.
To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? Write an essay of at least 250 words to present your idea.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 10
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 11
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… -- The end-- 12
Document Outline

• MOUNTAIN RESCUE