Đề thi lập đội tuyển dự thi HSG Quốc Gia tỉnh Đắk Lắk môn Tiếng Anh năm 2017-2018

Điểm bằng số Điểm bằng chữ Chữ ký G.khảo 1 Chữ ký G.khảo 2 Số phách Số T.tự bài thi [
SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO
KỲ THI CHỌN ĐỘI TUYỂN NINH THUẬN
THAM DỰ KỲ THI CHỌN HSG QUỐC GIA NĂM HỌC 2018 - 2019
(Đề chính thức) Khóa ngày: 27 / 10 / 2018
(Đề thi gồm 14 trang/ 20 điểm) Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH
Thời gian làm bài: 180 phút
(Không kể thời gian phát đề) SECTION I: LISTENING
HƯỚNG DẪN PHẦN THI NGHE HIỂU
Bài nghe gồm 3 phần, mỗi phần được nghe 2 lần, mở đầu và kết thúc mỗi phần nghe có tín
hiệu. Mọi hướng dẫn cho thí sinh (bằng tiếng Anh) đã có trong bài nghe.
Part 1: Complete the note below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/ OR A NUMBER
taken from the recording for each answer in the space provided. Animation Technology History History Thomas Edison: first camera - 1889 J. Stuart Blackton:
first animated film technique - used many (1) ______________ of faces Émile Cohl:
first animated scene - used cut-outs made of (2) __________________ Walt Disney: - first talking colour film + 1928
+ used (3) __________________ slides
- first full-length colour film - Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs - 1937 Pixar Animation Studios Origins: graphics group Earnings:
Over (4) $__________________ worldwide Famous films:
1995 - Toy Story - first computer-animated film 2001 -
Monsters, Inc. included (5) __________________ as a new animation
feature Finding Nemo - new techniques in (6)__________________
The Incredibles - believable simulations of people and (7)____________ Future developments: a) Digital humans:
focusing particularly on skin and (8) __________________ b) Speed:
companies producing (9) __________________ will help c) Colour: aim to preserve vibrancy d) Styles of animation:
a move from (10) __________________ to new concepts
Part 2: You will hear an interview with a singer-songwriter called Madeleine Marten, who is talking
her life and career. Choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which fits best according to what you hear.
Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
1. Madeleine thinks her first hit single has remained popular because ________
A. the singers who performed with her are now big stars.
B. it has a particularly memorable accompanying video.
C. it has a message people can still relate to.
D. the music was ahead of its time.
2. What does Madeleine say about having to adopt a professional name?
A. The disadvantages have outweighed the benefits. B. it met with some resistance from some people.
C. It has taken her a long time to get used to it. D. The change continues to cause confusion. 1 Điểm bằng số Điểm bằng chữ Chữ ký G.khảo 1 Chữ ký G.khảo 2 Số phách Số T.tự bài thi [
3. How did having a part in a musical help Madeleine?
A. It led to further offers of work on stage
B. It provided inspiration for her songwriting
C. It enabled her to make some useful contacts. D. It allowed her to re-establish routine in her life.
4. Madeleine thinks that stars who seem to be behaving badly __________
A. might just be expressing their creativity.
B. may be unaware the public doesn't approve.
C. may just be keen to get media exposure.
D. might behave equally poorly in another profession.
5. Madeleine thinks that she hasn't become a big star because she _________
A. is too honest to push her way to the top.
B. has been too ready to listen to other people.
C. has never had enough say in her own career. D. is quick to blame herself when things go wrong.
6. Compared to her earlier work, Madeleine thinks that her latest songs __________
A. reflect her pop music roots more.
B. reveal more about her as a person.
C. have more carefully written lyrics.
D. owe greater debt to her producer. Your answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Part 3: You will hear part of a radio programme about a wildlife conservation project located in a
disused industrial port. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS taken from the recording for each
answer in the space provided.
Previous industries in Harford included the processing of both oil and (1) _______________________.
Tony says that the port complex closed largely because (2) _______________________ were getting
smaller. The Marine Wildlife Trust was set up to raise awareness of the (3) _____________________
of the sea. At first, the port owners worried about the (4) _______________________ implications of
accommodating the seals. The Marine Wildlife Trust persuaded the port owners that accepting the
seals would be beneficial for their (5) _______________________. The viruses affecting the seals are
often spread by (6) _____________________ which have fallen into the sea. Tony says that the seals
recover because they are provided with a (7) _______________________ and good food. Tony feels
that the requirements for his job are a suitable background, a lot of (8) _____________________ and a
knowledge of toxins. Tony describes the seals in the complex as less (9) _____________________ than people expect.
SECTION II: USE OF ENGLISH
Part 1: Choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) to each of the following questions and write your
answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
1. Some career choices are better suited for individuals with good problem-solving skills and __minds. A. analytical B. beneficial C. dependent D. epic
2. I don’t normally like noisy clubs, but I had a sudden _____ to see what the Blue Parrot was like. A. force B. motive C. pressure D. impulse
3. I wish you would stop wasting so much time on computer games and do something a little more___. A. welcome B. enviable C. worthwhile D. feasible
4. Why do you have such a _____ with model railway? A. desire B. fascination C. love D. preference
5. The company’s sales have increased significantly after their _____ advertising campaign. A. innovative B. instrumental C. buoyant D. permissive
6. It is spectacular here at night when the stars ______. A. watch over B. come out C. drop back D. come in 2 Điểm bằng số Điểm bằng chữ Chữ ký G.khảo 1 Chữ ký G.khảo 2 Số phách Số T.tự bài thi [
7. The concrete is _____ by putting metal bars in it; this makes it stronger and more durable. A. reinforced B. refurbished C. renovated D. streamlined
8. The rents in this area are _____ the highest in the city. A. far from away B. away by far C. far and away D. far to away
9. The government continues to disparage smoking because of its _____ effects on the body. A. distinctive B. detrimental C. preeminent D. emblematic
10. His promotion to vice executive marked a distinctive _____ in his career. A. gesture B. outcome C. onset D. milestone Your answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Part 2: Write the correct FORM of each bracketed word in the numbered space provided in each
column on the right. (0) has been done as an example.
EVERY TIME WE SAY GOODBYE Your answers 0. psychologists
According to research by (0. PSYCHOLOGY) _____ one can learn a great deal
about the state of people's relationships by watching how they say goodbye at 1. __________
airports. However, it seems that it is not (1. NECESSARY) ______those in the
strongest relationships who make the greatest display of (2. RELUCTANT) 2. __________
______ at parting. Such behaviour is more (3. CHARACTER) _____ of couples
who have been together for a relatively short period of time. There is less (4. 3. __________
LIKELY) ______ of people in long-term relationships showing strong feelings 4. __________
of dependency. This may seem surprising but it is (5. PRESUME) ______
because the people have been successful in establishing stability in their 5. __________
relationship and are able to see the separation as brief and of no great (6. SIGNIFY) ______. 6. __________
The expression of emotion at these moments may often reflect (7. SECURE) 7. __________
_______ and also the feeling that the person leaving is not fully (8.
APPRECIATE) _______ of just how important the relationship is to the person 8. __________
being left. The person leaving may also seem (9. AWARE) _______ of how 9. __________
unsettling a separation can be for the person left behind, who may then
experience a very real sense of (10. LONELY) _______. 10. _________
Part 3: Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only ONE word in
each gap. Write your answers in the corresponding boxes provided below the passage.
Traffic jams are nothing new
In the age before the motor car, what was travelling in London like? Photographs taken 100 years ago
showing packed streets indicate that it was much the (1) _____ as it is now. It has (2) _____ calculated
that, even with new anti-congestion systems in place, commuters who choose the car to get to work
travel at (3) _____ average speed of 17 kph from their homes in the suburbs to offices in the centre.
This is virtually the same speed that they (4) _____ have travelled at in a horse and carriage a century ago.
As towns and cities grow, (5) _____ does traffic, whether in the form of the horse and carriage or the
modern motor car. It would seem that, wherever (6) _____ are people who need to go somewhere, they
would (7) _____ be carried than walk or pedal. The photographs show that, in terms of congestion and 3 Điểm bằng số Điểm bằng chữ Chữ ký G.khảo 1 Chữ ký G.khảo 2 Số phách Số T.tự bài thi [
speed, traffic in London hasn't changed over the past 100 years. London has had traffic jams ever (8)
_____ it became a huge city. It is only the vehicles that have changed.
However, apart (9) _____ the congestion which affected London long (10) _____ the car came along,
the age of the horse produced relatively little unpleasantness. This age, for example, saw none of the
exhaust fumes which city dwellers have to live with today. Your answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. SECTION III: READING
Part 1: Read the passage and choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according
to the text. Write your answers in the numbered boxes provided. The History of Cinema
For over 100 years, the cinema has been one of the most popular forms of entertainment among people
of all ages. During the years following the invention of the "moving photograph" in the nineteenth
century, the art of filmmaking changed as rapidly as it did dramatically. Many technological advances
were required to create cinema it exists today. The first of these advances, often referred to as the birth
of the motion picture, was actually more for scientific purposes than entertainment. In 1878, Eadweard
Muybridge used multiple photographs of a horse galloping to create a loop of film. He wanted to prove
that horses lifted all four hooves off the ground at once when in full gallop. When he rotated the film
across a light source, he was able to create what appeared to be a real moving image of a running
horse. He proved his point, and an early version of the motion picture was born.
The next significant advancement in motion picture technology came in 1887. After inventing the
phonograph ten years earlier, American inventor Thomas Edison wished to add a visual component to
his popular musical device. For this job he commissioned a young laboratory assistant named William
Dickson. The finished product was called the Kinetograph, and was the world's first viable motion
photography device. Dickson paid close attention to detail, making sure that the quality of the
machine, and the images it produced, were top-notch. The films produced with the Kinetograph at
Edison's studios were less than a minute long, and consisted of a single shot of a mundane activity or
repetitive motion such as dancing. [A] What was unique about Dickson's work is that he
simultaneously developed a projection device for his films that could be mass-marketed for film
viewing. [B] This machine was known as a Kinetoscope - a large wooden cabinet containing a light
bulb and a short spool of film inside. [C] Customers could pay a nickel to look through a small
peephole in the cabinet and watch a short film. [D] In no time at all, Kinetoscope parlors where people
could view the films sprang up all over the world.
Over the next few years, experimentation with motion pictures was relentless and feverish. Many
important contributions were made to the art forms that were essential to laying the groundwork for
modern movies. Drawing on the success of the Kinetoscope, Auguste and Louis Lumiere developed
the first device able to project film images onto a screen. Soon after its first demonstration in 1895,
Edison's staff built their own version of the device and film projection came to the United States. This
allowed for the public exhibition of films to large audiences, and gave rise to the first movie theaters.
As the movie theater gained in popularity, films continued to change in order to keep audiences
enthralled. Films became longer, and came to include more than just a single shot. Editing
techniques such as intercutting made films of this time more sophisticated as filmmakers learned
how to intercut scenes to imply either continuous action between different locations or the
development of a second storyline a ran parallel to the primary one. The Great Train Robbery,
released in 1903, is considered a landmark achievement in film editing, due to what was then
considered a rather long and complex story for the medium of film. 4 Điểm bằng số Điểm bằng chữ Chữ ký G.khảo 1 Chữ ký G.khảo 2 Số phách Số T.tự bài thi [
Despite these innovations, however, motion pictures still had many limitations to overcome. For one,
filmmakers had yet to discover a method for putting sound to the images. The task of recording
dialogue and music, then synchronizing all of this to the action of the film, was still beyond early
filmmakers' reach. As an alternative, they included occasional subtitle cards to help tell the story by
displaying dialogue and narration. To supply music, theaters hired organists and sometimes even full
orchestras to play music that suited the mood and pace of the film. In other countries, such as Japan,
movies were even narrated by a live narrator called a benshi, who also performed the dialogue in the
voices of the characters. Slowly, however, filmmakers gained the ability to incorporate sound into their
movies. The most famous example is The Jazz Singer of 1927, a mostly silent film that featured just a
few minutes of singing. Despite their popularity, "talking pictures," or "talkies," were rather slow to
catch on in the industry. They were labor-intensive and expensive to produce, and many studios were
reluctant to make any changes to the still lucrative silent format of their films. But as the technology
became more advanced, and the cost went down, talkies came to rule the film industry, and the era of
the silent film faded into history.
1. According to paragraph 1, which of the following is NOT true of Eadweard Muybridge?
A. He created what is regarded as the earliest motion picture.
B. His interest in making moving pictures was mostly scientific.
C. He used multiple photographs to create the illusion of motion.
D. His work inspired the very first motion picture projector.
2. The word mundane in the passage is closest in meaning to __________ A. physical B. recreational C. lively D. uninteresting
3. According to paragraph 2, why did Edison originally develop the Kinetograph?
A. To complement a previous invention, the phonograph
B. To compete with French companies that were doing the same
C. To record motion pictures for exhibition in movie theaters
D. To create advertisements for his many other inventions
4. The word enthralled in the passage is closest in meaning to _________ A. outraged B. assured C. relaxed D. interested
5. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in bold in paragraph 3?
A. Until the innovation of intercutting, filmmakers were limited to a single location for filming.
B. The technique of intercutting allowed filmmakers to tell other characters' stories in their films.
C. Advances in film editing, such as intercutting, made it possible for filmmakers to tell stories of greater depth and variety.
D. The use of separate storylines anticipated the innovation of such film editing techniques as intercutting.
6. The word they in the passage refers to _________ A. filmmakers B. orchestras C. limitations D. inventions
7. Why does the author introduce the concept of benshi?
A. To emphasize the Japanese contribution to movie development
B. To show one way theaters filled the silence of early films
C. To illustrate the failure of movie theaters to draw customers
D. To give insight into the customs of a foreign culture
8. The word lucrative in the passage is closest in meaning to A. satisfying B. disliked C. profitable D. tedious
9. According to paragraph 4, which of the following inspired studios to finally stop making silent films?
A. The popularity of The Jazz Singer
B. A drop in ticket sales for silent movies
C. A decrease in the cost of production of "talkies"
D. The popular demand for more "talkies" 5 Điểm bằng số Điểm bằng chữ Chữ ký G.khảo 1 Chữ ký G.khảo 2 Số phách Số T.tự bài thi [
10. Which of the following square brackets [A], [B], [C] or [D] best indicates where the following
sentence should be added to the passage?
‘Despite the machine’s obvious limitations, it became a huge success’. A. [A] B. [B] C. [C] D. [D] Your answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Part 2: You are going to read a newspaper article about sleep. Seven paragraphs have been removed
from the article. Choose from the paragraphs (A-H) the one that fits each gap. There’s ONE extra
paragraph which you do not need to use. Write your answers in the numbered boxes provided. Enough Sleep?
Tiredness, it is often claimed, has become the modern condition. As the richer, busier countries have
grown, so sleeplessness and anxiety have also grown in the popular psyche. Research in the USA has
found 40 million Americans to be chronically affected, and some recent best-selling novels in Britain
have featured insomniacs as protagonists, or sleep- research laboratories as their settings. 1
Recently, a sleep researcher tried an experiment. He offered his subjects in the opposite of the modern
routine. ‘I allowed them to sleep for up to 14 hours a night for a month. It took them three weeks to
reach an equilibrium of eight-and-a-quarter hours. That indicates a great rebound of sleep - sleep that they hadn't been getting.’ 2
For guinea pigs, they advertise in the student newspapers. Subjects are picked up by taxi, paid £5 an
hour, and asked to adjust their sleeping patterns according to instructions. Dr Louise Reyner provides
reassurance: ‘Some people are quite worried, because you're putting electrodes on their heads, and they
think you can see what they're dreaming or thinking.’ 3
The young men all deny they are going to fall asleep. Dr Reyner has a video recording of one trying
not to. At first the person at the wheel is very upright, wet and bleary eyes determinedly fixed on the
windscreen. Then he begins to blink briefly, every now and again; then for longer, and more often,
with a slight drop of the head. Each nod grows heavier than the last. The blinks become a 10-second
blackout. Every time, he jerks awake as if nothing has happened. But the car, by the second or third
occasion, has shot off the carriageway. 4
But apart from these findings, what else do we know about human sleep with any kind of certainty? It
is known that humans sleep, like other mammals, according to a daily cycle. Once asleep, they switch
between four different stages of unconsciousness, from stage one sleep, the shallowest, to stage four,
the deepest. When dreams occur, which is usually during the lightest sleep, the brain paralyses the
body except for the hands and eyelids, thus preventing injuries. 5
However, there is a strong degree of certainty among scientists that women sleep for half an hour
longer than men, and that older people require less sleep, though they don't know why. When asked
what sleep is for, some sleep researchers reply in cosmic terms: ‘Sleep is a tactic to travel through time without injury.’ 6 Điểm bằng số Điểm bằng chữ Chữ ký G.khảo 1 Chữ ký G.khảo 2 Số phách Số T.tự bài thi [ 6
The interlude was a haven for reflection, remembering dreams, or even night-time thieving. The
poorest were the greatest beneficiaries of this quiet time, fleetingly freed from the constraints and
labours that ruled their day-time existence. 7
Yet beyond Europe and America, the old pattern was widespread until quite recently, and according to
a leading anthropologist, in some non-western settings there are still no rigid bedtimes. People go to
bed for a few hours, and then get up again. The idea of a night's solid sleep does not apply. For certain
tribal societies, human and animal noises and the need to supervise the fire and watch out for predators
combine to make continuous sleep impossible. It seems that people all round the world are badly in need of sleep.
A. Beyond this, certainties blur into theories. It is often suggested, for example, that sleep repairs
body tissue, or restores muscles, or rests the frontal section of the brain that controls speech and
creativity. But all of this may happen more quickly during relaxed wakefulness, so no one is really sure.
B. Part of this interest is in sleep in general: in its rhythms, its uses and in problems with sleeping.
But a central preoccupation remains. ‘People need more sleep,’ says one leading sleep
researcher. ‘People cut back on sleep when they're busy. They get up too early to avoid the rush hour.’
C. By the 17th century, however, as artificial light became more common, the rich began to switch
to the more concentrated, and economically more efficient, mode of recuperation that we
follow today. Two centuries later, the industrial revolution pushed back the dusk for everyone
except some country-dwellers, by making most people work longer hours in lighted buildings.
D. The sleep researchers seem interested in this theory. But the laboratory is not funded to
investigate such matters. Its sponsors want its research to lead to practical solutions such as
deciding where Take a Break signs should be placed on motorways, and how different kinds of
food and drink can affect driving and sleepiness.
E. A coffee might have helped. Two cups, Dr Reyner says, even after no sleep at all, can make
you a safe driver for half an hour or more. She recommends a whole basket of alertness
products: tablets, energy drinks, caffeinated chewing gum. Shift workers, she is quite sure, could probably use them.
F. Moreover, people may have had different sleep patterns in the past. A history professor has
investigated nocturnal British life between 1500 and 1850 and discovered that sleeping routines
were very different. People went to bed at nine or ten, then woke up after midnight, after what
they called their 'first sleep', stayed awake for an hour, and then had their ‘morning sleep'.
G. In fact, the laboratory's interest is more physical. In a darkened room stands a motorway
simulator, the front section of a car facing a wide projection screen. The subjects are always
told to arrive at 2pm, in the body's natural mid-afternoon lull, after a short night's sleep or no
sleep at all. The projector is switched on and they are asked to drive, while answering
questions. An endless road rolls ahead, sunlight glares; and the air is warm.
H. In Europe, such propositions are perhaps most thoroughly tested in a small, unassuming
building on a university campus in the English Midlands. The university sleep research
laboratory has investigated, among many subjects, the effects of fatigue on sailors, the effects
of airport noise on sleepers, and the dangers of motorway driving for flagging drivers. Your answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 7 Điểm bằng số Điểm bằng chữ Chữ ký G.khảo 1 Chữ ký G.khảo 2 Số phách Số T.tự bài thi [
Part 3: You are going to read a magazine article about keeping a journal. Choose from the sections
(A-E). The sections may be chosen more than once. When more than one answer is required, these
may be given in any order. Write your answers in the numbered boxes provided. KEEPING A JOURNAL
What makes the day-by-day account of a person's life and thoughts so appealing and enduring?
William Boyd examines this unique literary form. A.
There are many sorts of journals: journals recording banal details of ordinary lives, and journals
intended to witness momentous events. There are others designed simply as an aid to memory, perhaps
a rough draft for writing a later, more polished work. But within these varying ambitions and
motivations is a common factor uniting all these endeavours - the aspiration to be honest. The
implication is that in the privacy of this personal record, things will be uncensored, things will be said
that couldn't or wouldn't be uttered in a more public forum. But there is also perhaps a more
fundamental drive to our journal-keeping; we want to leave a trace of some kind. Like the adolescent
who carves his name on a tree, the act of writing seems to say: I was here. B.
Re-reading the journal I'd kept between 19 and 21 was a disturbing experience. The factual account
would give now of those years would be essentially the same, but the psychological content seems to
belong to someone else. There was also a kind of pitiless self-examination of almost everything I did
that I cannot remember undertaking. And I was very hard on myself, often insulting myself ruthlessly
in the second person. Clearly, I had been much unhappier then than I had thought. But the hard
evidence of my journal is irrefutable. However, this schism between my memory of my earlier self and
the historical facts made me wonder if the journal served another, more covert purpose for its keeper,
namely to chart the various stages of our life. We do become transformed as people and even though
our fundamental natures may remain the same, our memories will play us false about our past. C.
This thesis was put into practice when I decided to write my novel Any Human Heart as the fictional
intimate journal of a fictional writer. It was a paradoxical exercise because in writing it, I had to
remain true to another constant that is a defining feature of the journal form. For the journal - relating
as it does a life-story - does so in a manifestly different manner from the other forms available,
whether biography, memoir or autobiography. All these are fashioned by looking backwards, informed
by hindsight, and the impenetrable judgements of the future often undermine the honest analysis of the
present. Only the journal really reflects the day-by-day progress of life. Events have not yet acquired
their retrospective significance; for instance the job you were so excited about has still to turn tedious.
The journal has to have the same random shape as a human life because it's governed by chance. In
essence, it mimics and reflects our own wayward passage through time like no other form of writing. D.
However apparently unimportant the entries, the journal offers us a special insight into the author's
life. On occasion, we are provided with a privileged knowledge of their destiny. Scotsman James
Boswell - later close friend and biographer of the writer Dr Johnson - writes on 16 May 1763: ‘I drank
tea at Mr Davies's, and about seven came in the great Mr Samuel Johnson, whom I have so long
wished to see ... As I knew his mortal antipathy to the Scotch, I cried to Davies, "Don't tell him where I
come from!" As he describes his first sight of the great literary man we participate in his excitement,
but there's an extra thrill delivered by our foreknowledge of their later friendship. Often, however, we
read with the same ignorance as that of the journal-keeper as he writes. On 21 September 1870, the
English diarist Francis Kilvert describes a visit to an orchard and notes: ‘The smell of the apples very
strong.’ This bears a kind of witness to 21 September 1870 that has as cogent and undeniable validity as any other. 8 Điểm bằng số Điểm bằng chữ Chữ ký G.khảo 1 Chữ ký G.khảo 2 Số phách Số T.tự bài thi [ E.
Which brings me to the final characteristic of journal-keeping: although we might hope that others
may read our observations one distant day, the intimate journal is principally designed to be read by
only one pair of eyes: the author's. It is therefore judged by standards of integrity, honesty and
immediacy that require no special education, talent or gift. Poetry, the novel, biography and journalism
are weighed up by different criteria. Not everyone can write a novel, but everyone is, in theory,
capable of keeping a journal. And if you do keep one, then it becomes, in a real sense, the book of your
life and a document like no other that has ever been written. But there is also a universality to journal-
writing. An intimate journal - if it is true and honest - will also speak to everyone who has a chance to read it.
In which section(s) is the following mentioned? Your answers
the reader's advantage in knowing an event's later significance 1
the journal-writer's desire to tell the truth 2
the difference in the writer's perspective between journals and other literary forms 3
the vivid recreation of a sensory experience 4
the journal as a record of the changes a person undergoes during his or her life 5
the unique nature of each person's journal 6
the journal-writer's compulsion to make his or her mark on the world 7
the primary intended readership of the journal 8
the similarity between the journal's narrative and the course of real life 9
the journal-writer using the journal as a means of self-criticism 10
the relative lack of skill needed for journal-writing 11
the writing of an imaginary journal 12
the fact that journal-writing is not evaluated in the same way as other literary forms 13
Part 4: Read the following passage and do the tasks that follow. Write your answers in the
numbered boxes provided. Great Migrations
Animal migration, however it is defined, is far more than just the movement of animals. It can loosely
be described as travel that takes place at regular intervals - often in an annual cycle - that may involve
many members of a species, and is rewarded only after a long journey. It suggests inherited instinct.
The biologist Hugh Dingle has identified five characteristics that apply, in varying degrees and
combinations, to all migrations. They are prolonged movements that carry animals outside familiar
habitats; they tend to be linear, not zigzaggy; they involve special behaviours concerning preparation
(such as overfeeding) and arrival; they demand special allocations of energy. And one more: migrating
animals maintain an intense attentiveness to the greater mission, which keeps them undistracted by
temptations and undeterred by challenges that would turn other animals aside.
An arctic tern, on its 20,000 km flight from the extreme south of South America to the Arctic circle,
will take no notice of a nice smelly herring offered from a bird-watcher's boat along the way. While
local gulls will dive voraciously for such handouts, the tern flies on. Why? The arctic tern resists
distraction because it is driven at that moment by an instinctive sense of something we humans find
admirable: larger purpose. In other words, it is determined to reach its destination. The bird senses that
it can eat, rest and mate later. Right now it is totally focused on the journey; its undivided intent is arrival. 9 Điểm bằng số Điểm bằng chữ Chữ ký G.khảo 1 Chữ ký G.khảo 2 Số phách Số T.tự bài thi [
Reaching some gravelly coastline in the Arctic, upon which other arctic terns have converged, will
serve its larger purpose as shaped by evolution: finding a place, a time, and a set of circumstances in
which it can successfully hatch and rear offspring.
But migration is a complex issue, and biologists define it differently, depending in part on what sorts
of animals they study. Joel Berger, of the University of Montana, who works on the American
pronghorn and other large terrestrial mammals, prefers what he calls a simple, practical definition
suited to his beasts: 'movements from a seasonal home area away to another home area and back
again'. Generally the reason for such seasonal back-and-forth movement is to seek resources that aren't
available within a single area year-round.
But daily vertical movements by zooplankton in the ocean - upward by night to seek food, downward
by day to escape predators - can also be considered migration. So can the movement of aphids when,
having depleted the young leaves on one food plant, their offspring then fly onward to a different host
plant, with no one aphid ever returning to where it started.
Dingle is an evolutionary biologist who studies insects. His definition is more intricate than Berger's,
citing those five features that distinguish migration from other forms of movement. They allow for the
fact that, for example, aphids will become sensitive to blue light (from the sky) when it's time for
takeoff on their big journey, and sensitive to yellow light (reflected from tender young leaves) when
it's appropriate to land. Birds will fatten themselves with heavy feeding in advance of a long
migrational flight. The value of his definition, Dingle argues, is that it focuses attention on what the
phenomenon of wildebeest migration shares with the phenomenon of the aphids, and therefore helps
guide researchers towards understanding how evolution has produced them all.
Human behaviour, however, is having a detrimental impact on animal migration. The pronghorn,
which resembles an antelope, though they are unrelated, is the fastest land mammal of the New World.
One population, which spends the summer in the mountainous Grand Teton National Park of the
western USA, follows a narrow route from its summer range in the mountains, across a river, and
down onto the plains. Here they wait out the frozen months, feeding mainly on sagebrush blown clear
of snow. These pronghorn are notable for the invariance of their migration route and the severity of its
constriction at three bottlenecks. If they can't pass through each of the three during their spring
migration, they can't reach their bounty of summer grazing; if they can't pass through again in autumn,
escaping south onto those windblown plains, they are likely to die trying to overwinter in the deep
snow. Pronghorn, dependent on distance vision and speed to keep safe from predators, traverse high,
open shoulders of land, where they can see and run. At one of the bottlenecks, forested hills rise to
form a V, leaving a corridor of open ground only about 150 metres wide, filled with private homes.
Increasing development is leading toward a crisis for the pronghorn, threatening to choke off their passageway.
Conservation scientists, along with some biologists and land managers within the USA's National Park
Service and other agencies, are now working to preserve migrational behaviours, not just species and
habitats. A National Forest has recognised the path of the pronghorn, much of which passes across its
land, as a protected migration corridor. But neither the Forest Service nor the Park Service can control
what happens on private land at a bottleneck. And with certain other migrating species, the challenge is
complicated further - by vastly greater distances traversed, more jurisdictions, more borders, more
dangers along the way. We will require wisdom and resoluteness to ensure that migrating species can
continue their journeying a while longer.
Questions 1-5: Do the following statements agree with the information given in the Reading
Passage? In the numbered boxes provided, write: TRUE
if the statement agrees with the information FALSE
if the statement contradicts the information NOT GIVEN
if there is no information on this 10 Điểm bằng số Điểm bằng chữ Chữ ký G.khảo 1 Chữ ký G.khảo 2 Số phách Số T.tự bài thi [
1. Local gulls and migrating arctic terns behave in the same way when offered food.
2. Experts' definitions of migration tend to vary according to their area of study.
3. Very few experts agree that the movement of aphids can be considered migration.
4. Aphids' journeys are affected by changes in the light that they perceive.
5. Dingle's aim is to distinguish between the migratory behaviours of different species.
Your answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Questions 6-9, complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-G, below. Write your answers in
the numbered boxes provided.
6. According to Dingle, migratory routes are likely to __________
7. To prepare for migration, animals are likely to __________
8. During migration, animals are unlikely to __________
9. Arctic terns illustrate migrating animals' ability to __________
A be discouraged by difficulties.
B travel on open land where they can look out for predators.
C eat more than they need for immediate purposes. D be repeated daily. E ignore distractions.
F be governed by the availability of water. G follow a straight line.
Your answers: 6. 7. 8. 9.
Questions 10-13, complete the summary below. Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for
each answer. Write your answers in the numbered boxes provided.
The migration of pronghorns
Pronghorns rely on their eyesight and (10) _______ to avoid predators. One particular population's
summer habitat is a national park, and their winter home is on the (11)_______, where they go to avoid
the danger presented by the snow at that time of year. However, their route between these two areas
contains three (12)_______. One problem is the construction of new homes in a narrow (13)_______
of land on the pronghorns' route.
Your answers: 10. 11. 12. 13. SECTION IV: WRITING
Part 1: Read the following passage and use your own words to summarize it. Your summary should
be between 100 and 120 words long. You MUST NOT copy the original.
Be it a data entry, a deleted file or a jammed photocopier, every office is susceptible to the occasional
human hiccup. At best, mistakes are time consuming and costly; at worst they are fatal. Several recent
disasters have been attributed to employee oversights, a fact that has forced companies to consider how
best to handle slips and lapses. Traditionally, employers have taken a punitive line, but a recent study 11 Điểm bằng số Điểm bằng chữ Chữ ký G.khảo 1 Chữ ký G.khảo 2 Số phách Số T.tự bài thi [
has shown that it might be in the company's interest to embrace employees who blunder. 'Rewarding
staff for managing errors rather than punishing them leads to a better company culture,' says one
researcher whose work has revealed a relationship between error tolerance and commercial success.
A psychologist who looks at human errors in work settings where safety is critical adds: ‘If you have a
work system that is error intolerant, the efficiency of an organisation is going to be affected. If
someone is in a situation where a flick of a button means the entire contents of the computer are wiped,
then that person is likely to lead a fairly stressful life. If you can set up a system designed to be error
tolerant, you're likely to see less of the normal human psyche protection strategies. People
understandably look elsewhere for explanations when things go wrong, but if systems are set up
correctly and people know their actions will be recoverable, they can be more innovative and express
themselves in their work without fear of getting the blame for every little thing that goes wrong.’
Not so long ago, stressed-out executives at a failing company were packed off on a training course.
Nothing so very unusual about that, but they were in for a surprise. There was no time management
seminar, no flashy flip-charts. Instead they were faced with cardboard, paint and glue. The day-long
session required each delegate to create a mask to represent the face they presented at work. Mask-
making, it is claimed, is a very effective corporate tool. It helps people access their intuitive, imaginative skills.
Creativity has become a highly-prized commodity, even in less-than-fizzy professions such as
accountancy. Bosses have begun to see that if you sit in a boring meeting in a boring conference room,
you will inevitably emerge with boring ideas. As companies become desperate to harness creativity
and lateral thinking, they are being forced to look at new ways of fostering those talents. A London
comedy club has launched a corporate programme to inspire executives by teaching them to do comic
routines, because forward-looking companies realise a good atmosphere at work and good relations
with colleagues are crucial to motivating staff. Teaching them how to laugh with each other is a good
start. There are other courses that focus on humour in the belief that comedy can help employees
confront their inner fears. Says the organiser, 'We get people to write a story about a situation that's
bothering them, then we clown it. It's not about being funny, it's about developing self-expression.'
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Part 2: The graph below gives the results of a survey showing what 1,000 young people did after
leaving school between 2008 and 2012. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the
main features, and make comparisons where relevant. You should write about 150 words.
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Part 3: Write an essay of about 350 words on the following topic:
Some people think that all university students should study whatever they like. Others believe that
they should only be allowed to study subjects that will be useful in the future, such as those
related to science and technology.
Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your knowledge or
experience. (Do not include your personal information). 13 Điểm bằng số Điểm bằng chữ Chữ ký G.khảo 1 Chữ ký G.khảo 2 Số phách Số T.tự bài thi [
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