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SEMESTER 2 Mid-EXAM TOPICS
SCIENCE - GRADE 9 BILINGUAL PROGRAM
Internal relationship (Unit 1 – unit 4) • Homeostasis
• Regulation and balancing of gas levels and solutes in blood • Kidneys and hormones • Nervous system • Hazards in our environment
• X-ray, microwave and microbial attack
• First line, second line and third line of defense
• Skin, mucous membrane, stomach acid
• Macrophage, neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil
• Phagocytosis and exocytosis
• Immune cells and immune system
• Lymphocytes, leucocytes and monocytes
• B-cells and T-cells: antibodies, and antigens
• Diagrams, examples and vocabulary words
External relationship (Unit 5)
• Ecosystem, and its structure
• Habitats, biotic and abiotic
• Autotrophs & heterotrophs • Food chains and food webs
• Producer and consumers (primary consumer, secondary, tertiary consumer, Apex predator)
• Herbivore, carnivores, omnivores • Parasite and host • Predator and prey
• Symbiosis: mutualism, commensalism, parasitism
• Decomposers: fungi, bacteria, protozoa, virus, worms
• Diagrams, examples and vocabulary words QUESTIONS REVIEW
1. What is the aim of homeostasis? Give 3 examples of conditions maintained by homeostasis in the body
2. What are the 3 critical areas of the body that are accurately maintained by homeostasis?
3. Why do you think that materials such as urea, water and dissolved gases can diffuse across cell
membranes, but other substances such as proteins cannot? Explain.
4. What is the difference between diffusion and osmosis? Give an example for each
5. Indicate which waste product(s) is removed by skin, lungs and kidneys.
6. Distinguish the different functions between glomerulus and loop of Henle
7. Healthy people do not have blood or glucose in their urine. Refer to the function and structure of the kidney to explain why.
8. What could happen if neurotransmitters stayed attached to the receptors at the synapse?
9. What are the five functions of hormone?
10. What is the function of nephron? Why is kidney disease considered to be serious?
11. What is the difference between the sensory neurons and the effector neurons?
12. How does the nervous system work together to maintain a healthy body?
13. What is the function of central nervous system and peripheral nervous system
14. Distinguish the difference between phagocytosis and exocytosis?
15. What is the purpose of mucous membranes in the nose?
16. Explain why humans have a third line of defence, but grasshoppers do not.
17. How do antibodies protect the human body?
18. What are the three major functions of the immune cells?
19. How does the immune system contribute to homeostasis?
20. All living things undergo cellular respiration to produce energy, carbon dioxide (CO ) and water 2
(H O). Describe this process by using a chemical equation. 2
21. Make a list of some biotic and abiotic factors that occur within an ecosystem.
22. What is the different between producer and consumers? Give an example for each
23. Why are plants called Autotrophs and animals called Heterotrophs?
24. Distinguish the differences between symbiosis and decomposer
25. Refer to the diagram below, and answer the questions that follow
a) How many food chains does it have? Show your work
b) Identify the producer, primary, secondary and tertiary consumers
c) What would happen in the ecosystem if lion was removed?
