146 trang 350 lượt tải

Giáo Trình Chủ Nghĩa Xã Hội Khoa Học Bản đầy đủ không chuyên - Công nghệ thông tin | Trường Đại học Khoa học Tự nhiên, Đại học Quốc gia Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh

699

Chúng tôi, tập thể các tác giả biên soạn chương trình và giáo trình môn Chủ nghĩa xã hội khoa học bậc Đại học cho sinh viên các trường Đại học (chuyên và không chuyên) xin bày tỏ lời cảm ơn chân thành tới các đồng chí trong Ban Chỉ đạo biên soạn chương trình và giáo trình năm môn Lý luận chính trị, Ban Tuyên giáo Trung ương và Bộ Giáo dục và Đào tạo, cảm ơn các nhà khoa học trong Hội đồng nghiệm thu chương trình và giáo trình môn Chủ nghĩa xã hội khoa học đã giúp đỡ, tạo điều kiện để chúng tôi hoàn thành nhiệm vụ quan trọng này. Tài liệu được sưu tầm giúp bạn tham khảo, ôn tập và đạt kết quả cao trong kì thi sắp tới. Mời bạn đọc đón xem !

Môn: Máy tính và công nghệ thông tin 10 tài liệu

Trường: Trường Đại học Khoa học tự nhiên, Đại học Quốc gia Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh 779 tài liệu

Tác giả:

Profile

Phạm Thị Huyền

7 tháng trước
Danh sách Quiz
/146




Đ sacha,b sungsaukhidyth đim
!"
#$
 !"#$%&'!
%#$
 ()#$*+,#$-.
/ 0%1%2.%
&'()
 !"#$%&'!
 ()#$*+,#
$-./ 0%1
%2.%
/ $+34#5()#$
/ /%267#$%89
/ :#%%;1#%
/ <#$=+!"#
/ >=+?:
/ @:%1$-.A#
/ :#%$-.%2.%
/ BC#*+,#+#$
/ >DE#!5#
/ $7%1/%(F#$
/ $+34#%&:;+
G
*+,-./0
%H#$97:I9JK9%L.5.95.$:'M:>#N!2#.%()#$9BO#%P"$:5!9BO#%67#%Q
#$%RAST%U:V%!A%-.MJ.2:%-..%!N:#%P:>#.5.9B(W#$2:%-..%+3>#P"V%7#$
.%+3>#S:#M"39XYW:.'6)#.%,#9%"#%9Z:.5.[\#$.%&9B!#$A#%][2!M:>#
N!2#.%()#$9BO#%P"$:5!9BO#%#E667#^Y+J#.%&#%9B1IA#+3>#$:5!B+#$
()#$P"U:5!_`.P""!92!I.'6)#.5.#%"V%!A%-.9B!#$U:[\#$#$%:a6
9%+.%()#$9BO#%P"$:5!9BO#%67#%Q#$%RAST%U:V%!A%-.[T$:HK[bI92![:c+
V:a#[L.%H#$97:%!"#9%"#%#%:a6P`d+A#9B-#$#"3 <.M:a9I.%H#$97:S:#.%,#
9%"#%.'6)#.5.#%"V%!A%-.I.5..%+3>#$:A9B!#$U:[\#$#$%:a69%+[T[e#$
$eK^V:;##%J#Sf9IK%>MO#%P".e#%=#$^V:;#V%+3;##$%1[L.%H#$97:NgA.%=AI
MhN+#$I%!"#9%:a#$:5!9BO#%saunghimthuIK%`.P`[F99JK%+8#$:'#$P:>#2:
%-.9%i!.%()#$9BO#%I$:5!9BO#%6Z:
JKM'#9%'!$:5!9BO#%#"3[T[(F..5.95.$:'NgA.%=AIMhN+#$9%i![H#$V;9
Y+J# .QAU:[\#$#$%:a69%+#$"3j9%5#$ k#E6lmj92: A# +3>#$:5! B+#$
()#$
@.5.95.$:'[T%;9Nn..o$p#$#%(#$.%p.Bq#$I$:5!9BO#%#"3Pr#V%7#$
9B5#%V%X:#%=#$%2#.%;I9%:;+Ne9 s!#$.5.[\#$.%&I#%89Y".5.9%C3I.7$:5!_t
YZK9JK%+8#9:;K9`.$eK^[L.5.95.$:'NgA.%=AI%!"#9%:a#6U9YC##=AI9B(Z.V%:
S+89M'#
*:#9B,#9B-#$.'6)#
usJK9%L95.$:'
 !"#$%&'!
v
123423
BA#$
W:#e:[C+
%()#$m %JK67#%Q#$%RAST%U:V%!A%-. k
%()#$ n6a#%Y1.%Ng.QA$:A:.8K.7#$#%,# k
%()#$ %Q#$%RAST%U:P"9%W:Vwd+5[UY>#.%Q#$%RAST%U: Gx
%()#$G ,#.%QST%U:.%Q#$%RAP"%"#(Z.ST%U:.%Q#$%RA yx
%()#$v ).8+ST%U:$:A:.8KP"Y:>#6:#%$:A:.8KI9C#$YZK9B!#$
9%W:Vwd+5[UY>#.%Q#$%RAST%U:
xj
%()#$y D8#[c_,#9U.P"97#$:5!9B!#$9%W:Vwd+5[UY>#.%Q#$%RA
ST%U:
mlv
%()#$k D8#[c$:A[O#%9B!#$9%W:Vwd+5[UY>#.%Q#$%RAST%U: mx
y
567,8!
&'19
: 1;
1. Về kiếnthức:N:#%P:>#.eV:;#9%n..)M'#I%a9%o#$PcNtBA[W:I.5.$:A:
[!2#K%599B:L#z[o:9(F#$IK%()#$K%5KP"^#$%RA.QAP:a.%-.9JKI#$%:>#.n+.%Q
#$%RAST%U:V%!A%-.I6U99B!#$MAMUK%J#%FK9%"#%.%Q#$%RAs5.>#:#
2. Về kỹ năng: N:#%P:>#IVV%'#E#$Y+J#.%n#$[().V%5.%9%LP"[o:9(F#$
#$%:>#.n+.QA6U9V%!A%-.P".QA6U9P8#[c#$%:>#.n+zK%,#M:a9[(F.#%=#$
P8#[c.%&#%9B1ST%U:9B!#$[W:No#$%:a#9%t.
3. Về tư tưởng:N:#%P:>#.e9%5:[U9&.%.t.PZ:P:a.%-.9JK.5.67#Y^Y+J#
.%&#%9B1z.e#:c69:#P"!6`.9:>+IY^9({#$P"Nt9%"#%.7#$.QA.7#$.+U.[h:6Z:
_!'#$U#$N'#D:a9A6V%{:S(Z#$P"YT#%[2!
B. <
1. =>?@.+3A@5A,85B@CD5E5F@5G3
%Q#$%RAST%U:V%!A%-.[(F.%:L+9%i!%A:#$%RA|%i!#$%RABU#$I%Q
#$%RAST%U:V%!A%-.Y".%Q#$%RAs5.>#:#IY+J#$:':9}.5.$:5.[U9B:;9%-.IV:#%
9;%-..%&#%9B1P".%&#%9B1ST%U:PcNt.%+3L#M:;#9893;+.QAST%U:Y!":#$(W:9}
.%Q#$%RA9(M'#Y>#.%Q#$%RAST%U:P".%Q#$%RA.U#$N'# D >#:#[T[5#%$:5
V%5:d+59MU~(M'#•95.K%€6.%Q3;+P".)M'#9BO#%M"3.%Q#$%RAST%U:V%!A
%-.•#%=#$3;+9o9}[e#'3N:#%BA.%;[U9()#$YA:•
m
%i!#$%RA%‚KI.%Q#$%RAST%U:V%!A%-.Y"6U99B!#$MAMUK%J#%FK9%"#%
.%Q #$%RA s5.  >#:#  B!#$ 95. K%€6 ~%o#$ +3B:#%•I /% ƒ#$$%i# [T P:;9 MA
K%C#|~9B:;9%-.•I~V:#%9;.%&#%9B1•P"~.%Q#$%RAST%U:V%!A%-.• D  >#:#IV%:
P:;995.K%€6~A#$+\#$o.P"MAMUK%J#%FK9%"#%.%Q#$%RAs5.•I[TV%„#$[1#%|
~eY"#$(W:9%}AV;.%&#%[5#$.QA989.'#%=#$.5:9o9[‚K#%896"Y!":#$(W:[T92!
BA%\:9%;V…**I[eY"9B:;9%-.n.IV:#%9;.%&#%9B1%-.†#%P".%Q#$%RAST%U:
/%5K•
.
B!#$V%+7#V%h67#%-.#"3I.%Q#$%RAST%U:V%!A%-.[(F.#$%:>#.n+9%i!
#$%RA%‚K
1.1.Hoàncảnhlịchsử ra đờichủ nghĩa xã hộikhoahọc
1.1.1. Điềukinkinhtế -xhội
D"!#%=#$#E6Gl.QA9%;V…**I.+U..5.%62#$.7#$#$%:aKK%599B:L#
m
D  >#:#I!"#9JKISMI:;#MUIs mjkGI9 mI9B y
D  >#:#I!"#9JKISMI:;#MUIs mjxlI9 I9B vl
k
62#%6‡ 92!#>##c#[2:.7#$#$%:aK c#[2:.7#$#$%:aK.)V%&Y"6.%!K%()#$
9%n.N'#S+899(M'#.%Q#$%RA.eM(Z.K%599B:L#P(F9MJ. B!#$95.K%€6~+3>#
#$7#.QA'#$U#$N'#•I s5.P"/% ƒ#$$%i#[5#%$:5|~:A:.8K9(N'#9B!#$d+5
9BO#%9%o#$9B1$:A:.8K.%(A[C36U99%;V…[T92!BA6U9Yt.Y(F#$N'#S+89#%:c+%)#
P"[\NU%)#Yt.Y(F#$N'#S+89.QA989.'.5.9%;%a9B(Z.[,3$UKY2:•
m
@#$PZ:d+5
9BO#%K%599B:L#.QA#c#[2:.7#$#$%:aKINt BA[W:%A:%A:$:A:.8K.)M'#I[o:YJKPc
YF:&.%I#%(#$#()#$9tAP"!#%A+|$:A:.8K9(N'#P"$:A:.8K.7#$#%,# ˆ#$9}[,3I
.+U.[8+9BA#%.QA$:A:.8K.7#$#%,#.%o#$Y2:Nt9%o#$9B15KMn..QA$:A:.8K9(
N'#IM:L+%:a#Pc6<9ST%U:.QA6,+9%+r##$"3."#$d+3;9Y:a9$:=AYt.Y(F#$N'#
S+896A#$9&#%.%89ST%U:PZ:d+A#%aN'#S+89_tA9B>#.%;[U.%:;6%=+9(#%,#9(
M'#.%Q#$%RAPc9(Y:a+N'#S+89 ![eI#%:c+.+U.V%{:#$%RAI#%:c+K%!#$9B"![8+
9BA#%[TMp9[C+P"9}#$M(Z..e9h.%n.P"9B>#d+367BU#$V%pK /%!#$9B"!:;#
.%()#$.QA#%=#$#$(W:YA![U#${#(Z.†#%_:4#BA9B>#ml#E6mxymxGxz
/%!#$9B"!.7#$#%,#_a9{9%"#%K%o*:Y>_:I#(Z.n._:4#BA#E6mxGG <.M:a9I
K%!#$9B"!.7#$#%,#_a99%"#%K%o:!#I#(Z./%5K_:4#BAP"!#E6mxmP"#E6
mxG[T.e9&#%.%89.%&#%9B1B‰#f9 ;+#E6mxmIK%!#$9B"![8+9BA#%.QA$:A:.8K
.7#$#%,#:!#$:()#$.A!V%€+%:a+9%+C#9H3.e9&#%.%89V:#%9;~No#$.eP:a.Y"6
%A3Y".%;99B!#$[8+9BA#%•9%O[;##E6mxGIV%€+%:a+.QAK%!#$9B"![T.%+3L#
NA#$6`.[&.%.%&#%9B1|~U#$%ŠA%A3Y".%;9•
tK%599B:L##%A#%.%e#$.e9&#%.%&#%9B1.7#$V%A:.QAK%!#$9B"!.7#$#%,#
[T6:#%.%n#$IYC#[C+9:>#I$:A:.8K.7#$#%,#[TS+89%:a##%(6U9Yt.Y(F#$.%&#%
9B1[U.YJKPZ:#%=#$3>+N5.%V:#%9;I.%&#%9B1B:>#$.QA6O#%P"[TMp9[C+%(Z#$
9%„#$6ˆ:#%-#.QA.+U.[8+9BA#%P"!V‹9%@.%&#%.QA6O#%Y"$:A:.8K9(N'# t
YZ#62#%.QAK%!#$9B"![8+9BA#%.QA$:A:.8K.7#$#%,#[Š:%X:6U9.5.%Mn.9%:;9
K%':.e6U9%a9%o#$Y^Y+J#N!:[(W#$P"6U9.()#$YR#%.%&#%9B1Y"6V:6.%]#A6
.%!%"#%[U#$
:c+V:a#V:#%9;ST%U:83V%7#$.%][<9BA3>+.C+[o:PZ:.5.#%"9(9({#$
.QA$:A:.8K.7#$#%,#6".Š#Y"6'#%[89%:a#9%t..%!NtBA[W:6U9Y^Y+J#6Z:I
9:;#MU.%Q#$%RAST%U:V%!A%-.
1.1.2. Tiền đề khoahọctự nhiên và tư tưởnglýluận
A :c#[cV%!A%-.9t#%:>#
A+9%;V…5#%N5#$I[;#[C+9%;V…**I#%,#Y!2:[T[29#%:c+9%"#%9t+9!
YZ#9B>#YR#%Pt.V%!A%-.I9:>+M:L+Y"MAK%596:#%92!#c#9'#$.%!K%599B:L#9(_+3
Y^Y+J# B!#$V%!A%-.9t#%:>#I#%=#$K%596:#%P2.%9%W:[2:9B!#$PJ9Y^%-.P"
N:#%%-.[T92!BAM(Z.K%599B:L#[U9K%5.e9&#%.5.%62#$|Học thuyết Tiến hóaz
m
 s5.P"/% ƒ#$$%i#I!"#9JKISMŒI"U:ImjjvI9 GI9B yl
x
Định luật Bảo toàn và chuyn hóa năng lượngzHọc thuyết tế bào
m
%=#$K%596:#%
#"3Y"9:c#[cV%!A%-..%!NtBA[W:.QA.%Q#$%RA_+3PJ9M:a#.%n#$P".%Q#$%RA
_+3PJ9Y1.%NgI.)N{K%()#$K%5KY+J#.%!.5.#%"N5#$YJK.%Q#$%RAST%U:V%!A
%-.#$%:>#.n+#%=#$P8#[cY^Y+J#.%&#%9B1ST%U:[()#$9%W:
.:c#[c9(9({#$Y^Y+J#
@#$PZ:NtK%599B:L#.QAV%!A%-.9t#%:>#IV%!A%-.ST%U:.ˆ#$.e#%=#$
9%"#%9t+[5#$$%:#%J#I9B!#$[e.e9B:;9%-..h[:L#n.PZ:9>#9+h:.QA.5.#%"
9B:;9%-.PR[2:|/% >$%i#mkklmxmP"/%!:)Mp.mxlGmxkzV:#%9;.%&#%
9B1%-..h[:L#†#%PZ:† 6:9%mkmkjlP":.AB_!mkkmxz.%Q#$%RA
V%7#$9({#$K%>K%5#6"[2:M:L+Y"*A#%*:67#$mkylmxvI/%+B:>mkk
mxkP" i#mkkmmxvx
%=#$9(9({#$ST%U:.%Q#$%RAV%7#$9({#$/%5K[T.e#%=#$$:59B1#%89
[1#%|m%L%:a#9:#%9%C#K%>K%5#IY>#5#.%;[Ud+,#.%Q.%+3>#.%;P".%;[U9(
M'#.%Q#$%RA[C3M89.7#$IS+#$[U9I.QA.':V%5#%V:a9I[2![n.['!YU#I9U:5.$:A
9E#$z[T[(ABA#%:c+Y+J#[:L6.e$:59B1Pc ST%U:9()#$YA:|Pc9h.%n.N'#S+89
P"K%,#K%o: N'#K%€6ST %U:zPA:9BŠ .QA.7#$#$%:aK P"V%!A%-. V•9%+J9z 3>+
.C+SeAMXNt[o:YJK$:=AYA![U#$.%,#9A3P"YA![U#$9B&e.zPcNt#$%:aK$:':
K%e#$K%`#=P"PcPA:9BŠY1.%Ng.QA#%"#(Z.•z.%&#%#%=#$9(9({#$.e9&#%
K%>K%5#P"Nt_8#9%,#9B!#$9%t.9:4#.QA.5.#%"ST%U:.%Q#$%RAV%7#$9({#$I
9B!#$.%}#$6t.I[T9%n.9]#%$:A:.8K.7#$#%,#P"#$(W:YA![U#$9B!#$.+U.[8+
9BA#%.%o#$.%;[Ud+,#.%Q.%+3>#.%;P".%;[U9(M'#.%Q#$%RA[C3M89.7#$I
S+#$[U9
+3#%:>#I#%=#$9(9({#$ST%U:.%Q#$%RAV%7#$9({#$K%>K%5#.Š#V%7#$
&9#%=#$%2#.%;%!<._![:c+V:a#Y1.%NgI%!<._!.%&#%Nt%2#.%;Pc9C6#%O#P"
9%;$:Z:d+A#.QA#%=#$#%"9(9({#$I.%„#$%2#IV%7#$K%59%:a#BA[(F.d+3Y+J9
PJ#[U#$P"K%599B:L#.QAST%U:Y!":#$(W:#e:.%+#$zM'#.%89Id+3Y+J9PJ#[U#$I
K%599B:L#.QA.%Q#$%RA9(M'##e:B:>#$zV%7#$K%59%:a#BAYt.Y(F#$ST%U:9:>#
K%!#$.e9%L9%t.%:a#.+U..%+3L#M:;#.5.%62#$9}.%Q#$%RA9(M'#Y>#.%Q#$%RA
.U#$N'#I$:A:.8K.7#$#%,#zV%7#$.%]BA[(F.#%=#$M:a#K%5K%:a#9%t..':92!ST
%U:5KMn.IM89.7#$[()#$9%W:IS,3_t#$ST%U:6Z:9o9[‚K D  >#:#9B!#$95.
K%€6~A#$+\#$o.IMAMUK%J#%FK9%"#%.%Q#$%RAs5.•[T#%J#Sf9|.%Q#$%RAST
%U:V%7#$9({#$V%7#$9%LP2.%BA[(F.Yo:9%!599%t.Nt eV%7#$$:':9%&.%[(F.
m
-.9%+3;9:;#%eAmxvj.QA#$(W:†#%%ABYiN!MiB9ABŽ:#mxljmxxz1#%Y+J9'!9!"#
P".%+3L#%eA#E#$Y(F#$mxGmxGvI.QA#$(W:$As:V%A:YDAN:Y3iP:.%!6!#!N!Pmkmmmkyv
P"$(W:n.•+Y:+N!MiB9sA3iBmxmGmxkxz-.9%+3;99;M"!mxxmxj.QA#%"9%t.PJ9%-.
#$(W:n.sA99%:AN•AV!M.%Yi:_i#mxlGmxxmP"#%"PJ9Y^%-.#$(W:n.%i!_!B.%ŽA6
mxmlmxx
j
M'#.%89.QA.%;[UY"69%+>9B!#$.%;[U9(M'#I.ˆ#$V%7#$K%59%:a#BA[(F.#%=#$
d+3Y+J9K%599B:L#.QA.%;[U9(M'#P".ˆ#$V%7#$9O6[(F.Yt.Y(F#$ST%U:.eV%'
#E#$9B{9%"#%#$(W:N5#$92!BAST%U:6Z: %&#%PO#%=#$%2#.%;83I6".%Q#$%RA
ST%U:V%7#$9({#$K%>K%5#.%]_}#$Y2:{6n.[U6U9%-.9%+3;9ST%U:.%Q#$%RA
V%7#$9({#$K%>K%5# !#$P(F9Y>#989.'I#%=#$$:59B1V%!A%-.I.o#$%:;#.QA
.5.#%"9(9({#$[T92!BA9:c#[c9(9({#$Y^Y+J#I[L s5.P"/% ƒ#$%i#V;9%}A
#%=#$%29#%,#%FKY^IY-.MX#%=#$M89%FKY^IS,3_t#$P"K%599B:L#.%Q#$%RAST
%U:V%!A%-.
1.2.Vaitròcủa Các Mác và Phriđrích Ăngghen
%=#$[:c+V:a#V:#%9;ST%U:P"#%=#$9:c#[cV%!A%-.9t#%:>#P"9(9({#$
Y^Y+J#Y"[:c+V:a#.C#.%!6U9%-.9%+3;9BA[W:IN7#$[:c+V:a#[Q[L%-.9%+3;9
V%!A%-.I.5.%62#$P"NT#$92!BA[W:.%&#%Y"PA:9BŠ.QA s5.P"/% †#$$%i#
 s5.mxmxmxxP"/% ƒ#$$%i#mxlmxjv9B({#$9%"#%{n.I[89#(Z.
.e#c#9B:;9%-.K%599B:L#Bt.BbPZ:9%"#%9t+#h:MJ9Y".%Q#$%RA_+3PJ9.QA
 /%!:)Mp.P"K%fKM:a#.%n#$.QAD /% >$%i# q#$9B&9+a+3>#M5.P"Nt_8#
9%8#9B!#$K%!#$9B"![8+9BA#%.QA$:A:.8K.7#$#%,#P"#%,#_,#YA![U#$s5.
P"/% †#$$%i#[;#PZ:#%A+I[T9:;K9%+.5.$:59B1.QA#c#9B:;9%-..h[:L#IV:#%9;
.%&#%9B1%-..h[:L#†#%P"V%!9"#$9B:9%n..QA#%,#Y!2:[L.5.7#$9B{9%"#%
#%=#$#%"V%!A%-.9%:>#9":I#%=#$#%".5.%62#$PR[2:#%899%W:[2:
1.2.1. Sự chuynbiếnlập trườngtriếthọcvàlập trườngchnhtrị
%!29[C+IV%:M(Z.P"!%!29[U#$V%!A%-.I s5.P"/% ƒ#$$%i#Y"%A:
9%"#%P:>#9&.%.t..QA.,+Y2.MU>$%i#9B‹P".%1+'#%%({#$.QAd+A#[:L69B:;9
%-..QAD /% >$%i#P" /%!:)Mp. DZ:#%T#d+A#V%!A%-.+3>#M5.I.5.7#$[T
NZ6#%J#9%83#%=#$6<99&.%.t.P"%2#.%;9B!#$9B:;9%-..QAD /% >$%i#P"
/%!:)Mp. DZ:9B:;9%-..QAD /% >$%i#I9+36A#$d+A#[:L6_+39,6I#%(#$.%nA
[t#$~.5:%29#%,#•%FKY^.QAK%fKM:a#.%n#$z.Š#[o:PZ:9B:;9%-..QA /%!:)Mp.I
9+36A#$#E#$d+A#[:L6N:>+%O#%IN!#$#U:_+#$Y2:9%86#%+C#d+A##:a6_+3PJ9
 s5.P"/% ƒ#$$%i#[TV;9%}A~.5:%29#%,#%FKY^•I.':92!P"Y!2:MX.':PX9%C#
M&_+39,6IN:>+%:#%[LS,3_t#$#>#Y^9%+3;96Z:.%Q#$%RA_+3PJ9M:a#.%n#$
DZ: s5.I9}.+o:#E6mxG[;#GumxGGI9%7#$d+A95.K%€6~eKK%C#K%>
K%5#9B:;9%-.K%5Kd+3c#.QA>$%i#W:#e:[C+mxGG•I[T 9%L%:a#B‰Nt.%+3L#
M:;#9}9%;$:Z:d+A#_+39,6NA#$9%;$:Z:d+A#_+3PJ9I9}YJK9B(W#$_,#.%Q.5.%
62#$NA#$YJK9B(W#$.U#$N'#.%Q#$%RA
o:PZ:/% ƒ#$$%i#I9}#E6mxGPZ:95.K%€6~O#%.'#%#(Z.†#%•z~(F.
V%'!V%!AV:#%9;.%&#%9B1•[T9%L%:a#B‰Nt.%+3L#M:;#9}9%;$:Z:d+A#_+39,6
NA#$9%;$:Z:d+A#_+3PJ99}YJK9B(W#$_,#.%Q.5.%62#$NA#$YJK9B(W#$.U#$N'#
.%Q#$%RA
ml
%]9B!#$6U99%W:$:A##$p#9}mxGmxGxP}A%!29[U#$9%t.9:4#IP}A
#$%:>#.n+V%!A%-.I s5.P"/% ƒ#$$%i#[T9%L%:a#d+59BO#%.%+3L#M:;#YJK
9B(W#$9B:;9%-.P"YJK9B(W#$.%&#%9B1P"9}#$M(Z..Q#$.oI_n9V%!59IV:>#[1#%I
#%89d+5#P"P=#$.%p.YJK9B(W#$[eI6"#;+V%7#$.eNt.%+3L#M:;##"39%O.%p.
.%p#N‡V%7#$.e%Q#$%RAST%U:V%!A%-.
1.2.2. Baphátkiến vĩ đicủa C.Mác và Ph.Ăngghen
A %Q#$%RA_+3PJ9Y1.%Ng
B>#.)N{V;9%}A~.5:%29#%,#%FKY^•.QAK%fKM:a#.%n#$P"Y-.MXd+A#
[:L6_+39,6I9%C#M&.QAB:;9%-.D /% >$%i#zV;9%}A#%=#$$:59B1_+3PJ9P"
Y!2:MXd+A#[:L6N:>+%O#%.QAB:;9%-. /%!:)Mp.I[\#$9%W:#$%:>#.n+#%:c+
9%"#%9t+V%!A%-.9t#%:>#I s5.P"/% ƒ#$$%i#[TN5#$YJK.%Q#$%RA_+3PJ9
M:a#.%n#$I9%"#%9t+PR[2:#%89.QA9(9({#$V%!A%-. q#$K%fKM:a#.%n#$_+3
PJ9I#$%:>#.n+.%Q#$%RA9(M'#I s5.P"/% ƒ#$$%i#[TN5#$YJK.%Q#$%RA_+3PJ9
Y1.%NgK%59V:;#PR[2:9%n#%89.QA s5.P"/% ƒ#$$%i#Y"NtV%„#$[1#%Pc6<9
9B:;9%-.NtN`K[h.QA.%Q#$%RA9(M'#P"Nt9%p#$YF:.QA.%Q#$%RAST%U:[c+989
3;+#%(#%A+
M -.9%+3;9Pc$:59B19%<#$_(
}P:a.K%59%:a#BA.%Q#$%RA_+3PJ9Y1.%NgI s5.P"/% ƒ#$$%i#[:N,+
#$%:>#.n+#c#N'#S+89.7#$#$%:aKP"#c#V:#%9;9(M'#.%Q#$%RA[TN5#$92!BAMU
~(M'#•I6"$:59B19!YZ##%89.QA#eY"~-.9%+3;9Pc$:59B19%<#$_(K%59V:;#PR
[2:9%n%A:.QA s5.P"/% ƒ#$$%%i#Y"NtV%„#$[1#%PcK%()#$_:a#V:#%9; Nt
_:a9P!#$ V%7#$9B5#%V%X:.QA.%Q#$%RA9(M'#P"NtBA[W:9893;+.QA.%Q#$%RAST
%U:
. -.9%+3;9PcNn6a#%Y1.%Ng9!"#9%;$:Z:.QA$:A:.8K.7#$#%,#
B>#.)N{%A:K%59V:;#PR[2:Y".%Q#$%RA_+3PJ9Y1.%NgP"%-.9%+3;9Pc$:5
9B19%<#$_(I s5.P"/% ƒ#$$%i#[T.eK%59V:;#PR[2:9%nMAINn6a#%Y1.%Ng9!"#
9%;$:Z:.QA$:A:.8K.7#$#%,#I$:A:.8K.eNn6a#%9%Q9:>+.%Q#$%RA9(M'#IS,3
_t#$9%"#%.7#$.%Q#$%RAST%U:P".%Q#$%RA.U#$N'# DZ:K%59V:;#9%nMAI#%=#$
%2#.%;.e9&#%Y1.%Ng.QA.%Q#$%RAST%U:V%7#$9({#$K%>K%5#[T[(F.V%p.
K%`.6U9.5.%9B:a9[Lz[\#$9%W:[TY+J#.%n#$P"V%„#$[1#%PcK%()#$_:a#.%&#%
9B1ST%U:Nt_:a9P!#$V%7#$9B5#%V%X:.QA.%Q#$%RA9(M'#P"Nt9%p#$YF:9893;+
.QA.%Q#$%RAST%U:
1.2.3. Tuyênngôncủa ĐảngCộngsản đánh dấusự ra đờicủachủ nghĩa x hộikhoahọc
(F.Nt+…#%:a6.QA#%=#$#$(W:.U#$N'#P".7#$#%,#d+o.9;I9%5#$
#E6mxGxI95.K%€6~+3>##$7#.QA'#$U#$N'#•_! s5.P"/% ƒ#$$%i#N!2#
9%'![(F..7#$Mo9B(Z.9!"#9%;$:Z:
+3>##$7#.QA'#$U#$N'#Y"95.K%€6V:#%[:L#.%Q3;+.QA.%Q#$%RAST
mm
%U:V%!A%-. tBA[W:.QA95.K%€6PR[2:#"3[5#%_8+Nt%O#%9%"#%Pc.)M'#Y^
Y+J#.QA.%Q#$%RAs5.MA!$\6MAMUK%J#%FK9%"#%|B:;9%-.I:#%9;.%&#%9B1
%-.P"%Q#$%RAST%U:V%!A%-.
+3>##$7# .QA '#$ U#$ N'#.Š#Y".()#$YR#%.%&#%9B1I Y"V:6.%]#A6
%"#%[U#$.QA9!"#MUK%!#$9B"!.U#$N'#P".7#$#%,#d+o.9;
+3>##$7#.QA'#$U#$N'#Y"#$-#.W_r#_p9$:A:.8K.7#$#%,#P"#%,#
_,#YA![U#$9!"#9%;$:Z:9B!#$.+U.[8+9BA#%.%o#$.%Q#$%RA9(M'#I$:':K%e#$
Y!":#$(W:PR#%P:4#9%!59V%X:6-:5KMn.IMe.YU9$:A:.8KIM'!['6.%!Y!":#$(W:
[(F.9%t.NtNo#$9B!#$%ŠAMO#%I9t_!P"%2#%K%H.
%&#%+3>##$7#.QA'#$U#$N'#[T#>+P"K%,#9&.%6U9.5.%.e%a
9%o#$Y1.%NgP"Y7$:.%!"#.%]#%Pc#%=#$P8#[c.)M'##%89I[C3[QISH.9&.%P"
.%<9.%‡#%899%,+9e6%C+#%(9!"#MU#%=#$Y+J#[:L6.QA.%Q#$%RAST%U:V%!A
%-.z9:>+M:L+P"#h:MJ9Y"#%=#$Y+J#[:L6|
+U.[8+9BA#%.QA$:A:.8K9B!#$Y1.%NgY!":#$(W:[TK%599B:L#[;#6U9$:A:
[!2#6"$:A:.8K.7#$#%,#V%7#$9%L9t$:':K%e#$6O#%#;+V%7#$[\#$9%W:$:':
K%e#$PR#%P:4#ST%U:BAV%X:9O#%9B2#$K%,#.%:A$:A:.8KI5KMn.IMe.YU9P"[8+
9BA#%$:A:.8K !#$I$:A:.8KP7N'#V%7#$9%L%!"#9%"#%Nn6a#%Y1.%Ng#;+V%7#$
9h.%n.BA.%&#%['#$.QA$:A:.8KI'#$[(F.%O#%9%"#%P"K%599B:L#S+89K%599}Nn
6a#%Y1.%Ng.QA$:A:.8K.7#$#%,#
7$:.K%599B:L#9893;+.QAST%U:9(N'#P".ˆ#$Y".QA9%W:[2:9(M'#.%Q
#$%RA[eY"NtN`K[h.QA.%Q#$%RA9(M'#P"Nt9%p#$YF:.QA.%Q#$%RAST%U:Y"989
3;+#%(#%A+
:A:.8K.7#$#%,#I_!.e[1AP1V:#%9;ST%U:[2:_:a#.%!Yt.Y(F#$N'#
S+899:>#9:;#I.eNn6a#%Y1.%Ng9%Q9:>+.%Q#$%RA9(M'#I[\#$9%W:Y"Yt.Y(F#$9:>#
K%!#$9B!#$d+59BO#%S,3_t#$.%Q#$%RAST%U:I.%Q#$%RA.U#$N'#
%=#$#$(W:.U#$N'#9B!#$.+U.[8+9BA#%.%o#$.%Q#$%RA9(M'#I.C#9%:;9
K%':9%:;9YJKNtY:>#6:#%PZ:.5.Yt.Y(F#$_,#.%Q[L[5#%[h.%;[UK%!#$V:;#
.%+3>#.%;I[\#$9%W:V%7#$d+>#[8+9BA#%.%!6`.9:>+.+o:.@#$Y".%Q#$%RA.U#$
N'# %=#$#$(W:.U#$N'#K%':9:;#%"#%.5.%62#$V%7#$#$}#$#%(#$K%':.e
.%:;#Y(F.IN5.%Y(F.V%7#V%f!P"V:>#d+3;9
2. H38@.FI,J5HKK?L,37MN,3A@5A,85B@CD5E5F@5G3
2.1.C.Mác và Ph.Ăngghen phát triểnchủ nghĩa xã hộikhoahọc
2.1.1. Thờikỳ từ 1848 đếnCôngxPari(1871)
,3Y"9%W:Vw.QA#%=#$NtV:a#.QA.5.%62#$_,#.%Q9(N'#{.5.#(Z.,3
•+mxGxmxv|Œ+o.9;9%"#%YJKmxyGz9JKMU(M'#.QA s5.[(F.S+89M'#
mxyk DcNtBA[W:.QAMU(M'#ID  >#:#[TV%„#$[1#%|~9}V%:MU~(M'#•BA
m
[W:•d+A##:a6_+3PJ9Y1.%NgV%7#$.Š#Y"6U9$:'9%+3;9#=AI6"Y"6U9#$+3>#Y^
[T[(F..%n#$6:#%6U9.5.%V%!A%-.zP".%}#$#"!.%H#$9A.%(A9O6BA6U9.5.%
#"!V%5.[L$:':9%&.%6U9.5.%V%!A%-.NtPJ#%"#%P"K%599B:L#.QA6U9%O#%9%5:
ST%U:#"![e.QA.%&#%6U9%O#%9%5:ST%U:I.%nV%7#$K%':.QAN:#%%!29.QA6U9
#(Z.%A36U9_,#9U.I%!<.9%J6.%&.QA6U9$:A:.8K#=AP P I9%O.%}#$[ed+A#
#:a6_+3PJ9Y1.%NgPr#.nY"[\#$#$%RAPZ:V%!A%-.ST%U:•
m
U~(M'#•Y"95.
K%€6.%Q3;+P".)M'#9BO#%M"3.%Q#$%RAST%U:V%!A%-.•
B>#.)N{9h#$V;9V:#%#$%:a6.+U..5.%62#$mxGxmxv.QA$:A:.8K
.7#$#%,#I s5.P"/% ƒ#$$%i#9:;K9`.K%599B:L#9%>6#%:c+#U:_+#$.QA.%Q
#$%RAST%U:V%!A%-.|(9({#$Pc[JK9A#MU653#%"#(Z.9(N'#I9%:;9YJK.%+3>#
.%&#%P7N'#zMhN+#$9(9({#$Pc.5.%62#$V%7#$#$}#$Mq#$NtV;9%FK$:=A[8+
9BA#%.QA$:A:.8KP7N'#PZ:K%!#$9B"![8+9BA#%.QA$:A:.8K#7#$_,#z9(9({#$Pc
S,3_t#$V%o:Y:>#6:#%$:=A$:A:.8K.7#$#%,#P"$:A:.8K#7#$_,#P"Si6[eY"
[:c+V:a#9:>#d+3;9M'!['6.%!.+U..5.%62#$K%599B:L#V%7#$#$}#$[L[:9Z:
6`.9:>+.+o:.@#$
2.1.2. Thờikỳ sau Công x Pari đến1895
B>#.)N{9h#$V;9V:#%#$%:a67#$ST/AB:I s5.P"/% ƒ#$%i#K%599B:L#
9!"#_:a#.%Q#$%RAST%U:V%!A|hN+#$P"K%599B:L#9(9({#$[JK9A#MU653#%"
#(Z.d+A#Y:>+IV%7#$[JK9A#9!"#MUMU653#%"#(Z.9(N'##e:.%+#$ \#$9%W:
.ˆ#$9%}A#%J#7#$ST/AB:Y"6U9%O#%9%5:#%"#(Z..QA$:A:.8K.7#$#%,#IBo9
.+U.I[T9O6BA
s5.P"/% ƒ#$$%i#[TY+J#.%n#$NtBA[W:IK%599B:L#.QA.%Q#$%RAST%U:
V%!A%-. B!#$95.K%€6~%o#$+3B:#%•mxkxI/% ƒ#$$%i#[TY+J#.%n#$Nt
K%599B:L#.QA.%Q#$%RAST%U:9}V%7#$9({#$[;#V%!A%-.P"[5#%$:5.7#$YA!.QA
.5.#%"ST%U:.%Q#$%RAV%7#$9({#$†#%I/%5K A+#"3ID  >#:#I9B!#$95.K%€6
~"6$O‘•mjl[T#%J#Sf9|~.%Q#$%RAST%U:Y^Y+J#n.V%7#$MA!$:Wd+>#Bq#$
#e_tAP"!*A#%S:67#$I/%+B:>P"!i# s<._@.5.%-.9%+3;9.QAMA#%"9(9({#$
#"3.e9&#%.%89'!9({#$I#%(#$%-Pr#9%+U.P"!%"#$#$ˆ#%=#$MJ.9B&9+aPR[2:
#%89 -[T9:>#[!5#[(F.6U9.5.%9%:>#9":B89#%:c+.%,#Y^6"#$"3#A3.%H#$9A
[A#$.%n#$6:#%Nt[H#$[p#.QA.%H#$6U9.5.%V%!A%-.•
s5.P"/% ƒ#$$%i#[T#>+BA#%:a6P`#$%:>#.n+.QA.%Q#$%RAST%U:
V%!A%-.|~$%:>#.n+#%=#$[:c+V:a#Y1.%NgP"_![eI#$%:>#.n+.%&#%#$A3M'#
.%89.QANtM:;#[h:83P"Mq#$.5.%83Y"6.%!$:A:.8K%:a##A3[A#$M15KMn.P"
.eNn6a#%%!"#9%"#%Nt#$%:aK83%:L+B‰[(F.#%=#$[:c+V:a#P"M'#.%89.QA
m
D  >#:#I!"#9JKISM :;#MUIs mjkGI9 mI9B myy
D  >#:#I!"#9JKISM :;#MUIs mjkGI9 mI9B myy
D  >#:#I!"#9JKISM :;#MUIs mjkvI yI9B
m
Nt#$%:aK.QA.%&#%%-[eY"#%:a6P`.QA.%Q#$%RAST%U:V%!A%-.INt9%L%:a#
PcY^Y+J#.QAK%!#$9B"!P7N'#•
m
 s5.P"/% ƒ#$$%i#3>+.C+K%':9:;K9`.MhN+#$P"K%599B:L#.%Q#$%RA
ST%U:V%!A%-.K%@%FKPZ:[:c+V:a#Y1.%Ng6Z:
s<._@IPZ:#%=#$.o#$%:;#9+3a9PW:.'PcY^Y+J#P"9%t.9:4#IN!#$.'
 s5.P"/% ƒ#$$%i#V%7#$MA!$:W9t .%!%-.9%+3;9.QA6O#%Y"6U9%a9%o#$
$:5![:c+I~#%899%"#%M89M:;#•I9B5:Y2:I#%:c+YC#%A:7#$[T.%]B‰[e.%]Y"#%=#$
~$F:^•.%!6-:N+3#$%RP"%"#%[U#$ B!#$W:#e:[C+P:;9.%!95.K%€68+
9BA#%$:A:.8K{/%5K9}mxGx[;#mxvl.QA s5.I/% ƒ#$$%i#[T9%„#$9%p#9%}A
#%J#NA:YC6Pc_tM5!V%'#E#$#hBA.QA#%=#$.+U..5.%62#$P7N'#{.%,+•+I
POY‡~1.%Ng[T.%]B‰Bq#$9B2#$9%5:K%599B:L#V:#%9;9B>#Y`.[1AYH.M83$:W.Š#
B89Y,+6Z:.%&#6+\:[LSeAMXK%()#$9%n.N'#S+899(M'#.%Q#$%RA•
,3.ˆ#$
.%&#%Y"~$F:^•[LD  >#:#P".5.#%"9(9({#$Y^Y+J#.QA$:A:.8K.7#$#%,#NA+
#"39:;K9`.MhN+#$P"K%599B:L#K%@%FKPZ:[:c+V:a#Y1.%Ng6Z:
5#%$:5Pc.%Q#$%RAs5.ID  >#:#.%]B‰|~-.9%+3;9.QAs5.Y"%-.
9%+3;9P2##E#$PO#eY"6U9%-.9%+3;9.%&#%S5.•
2.2.V.I.Lêninvậndụngvàpháttriểnchủ nghĩa xã hộikhoahọc trong điềukiệnmới
D  >#:#mxklmjGY"#$(W:[TV;9`.S+89Np.Nt#$%:aK.5.%62#$P"
V%!A%-..QA s5.P"/% ƒ#$$%i#z9:;K9`.M'!PaIPJ#_`#$P"K%599B:L#N5#$92!
P"%:a#9%t.%eA6U9.5.%N:#%[U#$Y^Y+J#.%Q#$%RAST%U:V%!A%-.9B!#$9%W:[2:
6Z:I~%W:[2:9A#BT.%Q#$%RA9(M'#INtN`K[h9B!#$#U:MU.%Q#$%RA9(M'#I9%W:
[2:.5.%62#$.U#$N'#.QA$:A:.8KP7N'#•
G
z9B!#$[:c+V:a#.%Q#$%RAs5.[T$:"#%
(+9%;9B!#$K%!#$9B"!.7#$#%,#d+o.9;P"9B!#$9%W:[2:Œ+5[U9}.%Q#$%RA9(
M'#Y>#.%Q#$%RAST%U:
;+#%(.7#$YA!.QA s5.P"/% ƒ#$$%i#Y"K%599B:L#.%Q#$%RAST%U:9}
V%7#$9({#$9%"#%V%!A%-.9%O.7#$YA!.QAD  >#:#Y"[TM:;#.%Q#$%RAST%U:9}
V%!A%-.9}Y^Y+J#9%"#%%:a#9%t.I[(F.[5#%_8+Mq#$NtBA[W:.QA%"#(Z.ST
%U:.%Q#$%RA[C+9:>#9B>#9%;$:Z:%"#(Z.*7P:;9I#E6mjmk
%=#$ [e#$ $eK 9! YZ# .QA D  >#:# 9B!#$ Nt PJ# _`#$ N5#$ 92! P" K%59
9B:L#.%Q#$%RAST%U:V%!A%-..e9%LV%5:d+59d+A%A:9%W:Vw.)M'#|
2.2.1. Thờikỳ trướcCáchmng Tháng MườiNga
B>#.)N{K%,#9&.%P"9h#$V;96U9.5.%#$%:>69H..5.NtV:a#Y1.%Ng_:4#
m
 s5.P"/% ƒ#$$%i#I!"#9JKISM ŒI"U:mjjvI9 l9B j
 s5.P"/% ƒ#$$%i#I!"#9JKISM ŒI"U:ImjjvI9 I9B kym
D  >#:#I!"#9JKISM :;#MUIs mjkxI9 I9B vl
G
D:a#s5.>#:#ID  >#:#P"Œ+o.9;U#$N'#ISM 5.%.%&#%9B1Is59S.)PAImjklI:;#$
$AI9B ml
mG
BA9B!#$[W:No#$V:#%9;ST%U:.QA9%W:Vw9B(Z..5.%62#$9%5#$s(W:ID  >#:#
[TM'!PaIPJ#_`#$P"K%599B:‹#N5#$92!.5.#$+3>#Y^.)M'#.QA.%Q#$%RAST%U:
V%!A%-. 9B>#6U9NoV%&A.2#%NA+|
8+9BA#%.%o#$.5.9B"!Y(+K%:65.S&9.%Q#$%RA_,#9H39t_!IK%5:V:#%
9;IK%5:65.S&9%FKK%5K#%q6M'!Pa.%Q#$%RAs5.I6{[(W#$.%!.%Q#$%RAs5.
9%,6#%JK62#%6‡P"!$Az
;9%}A#%=#$_:N'#Y^Y+J#.QA s5.P"/% ƒ#$$%i#Pc.%&#%['#$I
D  >#:#[TS,3_t#$Y^Y+J#Pc['#$.5.%62#$V:L+6Z:.QA$:A:.8K.7#$#%,#IPc
.5.#$+3>#9p.9h.%n.I.()#$YR#%IN5.%Y(F.9B!#$#U:_+#$%!29[U#$.QA['#$z
; 9%}AI K%59 9B:L# 9( 9({#$ .5.% 62#$ V%7#$ #$}#$ .QA  s5. P"
/% ƒ#$$%i#ID  >#:#[T%!"#.%]#%Y^Y+J#Pc.5.%62#$ST%U:.%Q#$%RAP"
.%+3>#.%&#%P7N'#I.5.%62#$_,#.%Q9(N'#V:L+6Z:P".5.[:c+V:a#9893;+.%!
Nt.%+3L#M:;#NA#$.5.%62#$ST%U:.%Q#$%RAz#%=#$P8#[c6A#$9&#%d+3Y+J9
.QA.5.%62#$ST%U:.%Q#$%RAzP8#[c_,#9U.P".()#$YR#%_,#9U.I[!"#V;9P"
Y:>#6:#%.QA$:A:.8K.7#$#%,#PZ:#7#$_,#P".5.9C#$YZKYA![U#$V%5.z#%=#$
P8#[cPcd+A#%ad+o.9;P".%Q#$%RAd+o.9;P7N'#Id+A#%a.5.%62#$ST%U:.%Q
#$%RAPZ:K%!#$9B"!$:':K%e#$_,#9U.•
/%599B:L#d+A#[:L6.QA s5.P"/% †#$$%i#PcV%'#E#$9%p#$YF:.QA
.5.%62#$ST%U:.%Q#$%RAI9B>#.)N{#%=#$#$%:>#.n+IK%,#9&.%Pc.%Q#$%RA[;
d+o.,D>#:#K%59%:a#BAd+3Y+J9K%599B:L#V%7#$[c+PcV:#%9;và.%&#%9B1.QA
.%Q#$%RA9(M'#9B!#$9%W:Vw.%Q#$%RA[;d+o.và[:[;#V;9Y+J#|cáchmngvôsản
cóth n ravàthắnglợiở mộtsố nước,thậmchở một nướcriênglẻ, nơi chủ nghĩa
tư bản chưa phảilàpháttrinnhất, nhưng là khâu yếunhấttrongsợidâychuyền tư
bảnchủ nghĩa..
D  >#:#[T_"#%#%:c+9,6%+3;9Y+J#$:':Pc.%+3>#.%&#%P7N'#IS5.[1#%
M'#.%89_,#.%Q.QA.%;[U.%+3>#.%&#%P7N'#zK%,#9&.%6o:d+A#%a$:=A.%n.
#E#$9%o#$9B1P".%n.#E#$ST%U:.QA.%+3>#.%&#%P7N'# %&#%D  >#:#Y"#$(W:
[C+9:>##e:[;#K%269B@%a9%o#$.%+3>#.%&#%P7N'#IMA!$\6%a9%o#$.QA'#$
7#N>P:.YT#%[2!I%"#(Z.*7P:;9d+'#Y^P"9h.%n..7#$[!"#
p#%!29[U#$Y^Y+J#PZ:9%t.9:4#.5.%62#$ID  >#:#9Bt.9:;KYT#%[2!
'#$.QA$:A:.8K.7#$#%,#$A9JK%FKYt.Y(F#$[8+9BA#%.%o#$.%;[U.%+3>#
.%;$A%!"#$I9:;#9Z:$:"#%.%&#%d+3c#Pc9A3$:A:.8K.7#$#%,#P"#%,#_,#YA!
[U#$$A
2.2.2. Thờikỳ sauCáchmng Tháng MườiNga
$A3NA+V%:.5.%62#$9%p#$YF:ID  >#:#[TP:;9#%:c+95.K%€6d+A#9B-#$
M"#Pc#%=#$#$+3>#Y^.QA.%Q#$%RAST%U:V%!A%-.9B!#$9%W:Vw6Z:I9:>+M:L+Y"
#%=#$Y+J#[:L6|
mv
ChuyênchnhvôsảnI9%i!D  >#:#IY"6U9%O#%9%n.#%"#(Z.6Z:#%"
#(Z._,#.%QI_,#.%Q[o:PZ:#%=#$#$(W:P7N'#P"#e:.%+#$#%=#$#$(W:V%7#$
.e.QAP".%+3>#.%&#%[o:PZ:$:A:.,K9(N'# )N{P"#$+3>#9p..A!#%89.QA
.%+3>#.%&#%P7N'#Y"NtY:>#6:#%.QA$:A:.8K.7#$#%,#PZ:$:A:.8K#7#$_,#P"
9!"#9%L#%,#_,#YA![U#$.ˆ#$#%(.5.9C#$YZKYA![U#$V%5._(Z:NtYT#%[2!.QA
$:A:.8K.7#$#%,#[L9%t.%:a##%:a6P`.)M'#.QA.%+3>#.%&#%P7N'#Y"9%Q9:>+
6-:.%;[U#$(W:Me.YU9#$(W:IY"S,3_t#$.%Q#$%RAST%U:
Về thờikỳ quá độ chnhtrị từ chủ nghĩa tư bảnchủ nghĩa lên chủ nghĩa cộng
sản /%>K%5#.5.d+A#[:L6.QAV‹9%@S+3>#92.PcM'#.%89.QA.%+3>#.%&#%P7
N'#.%+#$d+3.%]Y"M2!Yt.ID  >#:#[T.%]B‰|.%+3>#.%&#%P7N'# V%7#$K%':
.%]Y"M2!Yt.[o:PZ:M-#Me.YU9P".ˆ#$V%7#$K%':.%Q3;+Y"M2!Yt. Y"P:a.$:A:
.8K.7#$#%,#[(ABA[(F.P"9%t.%:a#[(F.V:L+9h.%n.YA![U#$ST%U:.A!%)#N!
PZ:.%Q#$%RA9(M'#I[83Y"#$+\#Nn.62#%IY"[:c+['6M'!.%!9%p#$YF:%!"#9!"#
P"989#%:>#.QA.%Q#$%RA.U#$N'# D  >#:#[T#>+B‰|.%+3>#.%&#%P7N'#Y"6U9
.+U.[8+9BA#%V:>#9BOI[h65+P"V%7#$[h65+IM2!Yt.P"%ŠAMO#%IMq#$d+,#Nt
P"Mq#$V:#%9;IMq#$$:5!_`.P"Mq#$%"#%.%&#%I.%o#$#%=#$9%;Yt.P"#%=#$9JK
9`..QAST%U:.ˆ
- Về chế độ dânchủID  >#:#V%„#$[1#%|.%].e_,#.%Q9(N'#%!<._,#.%Q
ST%U:.%Q#$%RAIV%7#$.e_,#.%Q9%+C#9+^%A3_,#.%Q#e:.%+#$ tV%5.#%A+
.E#M'#$:=A%A:.%;[U_,#.%Q#"3Y".%;[U_,#.%QP7N'#N!PZ:M89.n.%;[U_,#
.%Q9(N'##"!I.ˆ#$_,#.%Q%)#$8K9B:a+YC#z.%&#%d+3c#*7P:;9N!PZ:#(Z..U#$
%ŠA9(N'#_,#.%Q#%899%O.ˆ#$_,#.%Q%)#$8K9B:a+YC#
- Về cảicáchhànhchnhbộ máy nhà nướcNA+V%:[TM(Z.P"!9%W:VwS,3
_t#$ST%U:6Z:ID  >#:#.%!Bq#$I9B(Z.%;9IK%':.e6U9[U:#$ˆ#%=#$#$(W:.U#$
N'#.5.%62#$[T[(F.97:Y+3a#P"9:;KNA+Y"K%':.eMU653#%"#(Z.K%':9:#%I
$-#IV%7#$%"#%.%&#%Id+A#Y:>+
Về cương lĩnh xâydựngchủ nghĩa x hội{#(Z.$AID  >#:#[T#%:c+YC#
_t9%'!xâydựngchủ nghĩa x hội{#(Z.$AP"#>+BA#%:c+Y+J#[:L6V%!A%-.
[U.[5!|C#.e#%=#$M(Z.d+5[U#%X9B!#$9%W:Vwd+5[U#e:.%+#$Y>#.%Q#$%RA
ST%U:z$:=P=#$.%&#%d+3c#*7P:;99%t.%:a#[:a#V%&%eA9!"#d+o.zST%U:%eA
#%=#$9(Y:a+ N'# S+89 .) M'# 9%i! %(Z#$ ST %U: .%Q #$%RAz S,3 _t#$ #c# .7#$
#$%:aK%:a#[2:z[:a#V%&%eA#c#V:#%9;d+o._,#z.':92!V:#%9;9:L+#7#$9%i!
#%=#$#$+3>#9p.ST%U:.%Q#$%RAz9%t.%:a#.5.%62#$PE#%eA•>#.2#%[eY"
P:a.Ng_`#$BU#$BT:%O#%9%n..%Q#$%RA9(M'##%"#(Z.[L_C#_C#.':9:;#.%;[U
Nb%=+.QA.5.#%"9(M'#%2#$9B+#$P"%2#$#%X9%"#%N{%=+.7#$.U#$ ':92!
#7#$#$%:aKMq#$.!#[(W#$%FK95.ST9%i!#$+3>#9p.ST%U:.%Q#$%RAzS,3_t#$
#c#.7#$#$%:aK%:a#[2:P"[:a#V%&%eAY".)N{PJ9.%89V•9%+J9.QA.%Q#$%RA
ST%U:z%-..%Q#$%RA9(M'#PcV•9%+J9IV:#%#$%:a6d+'#Y^V:#%9;I9BO#%[U$:5!
my
_`.zNg_`#$.5..%+3>#$:A9(N'#z.C#K%':K%599B:L#9%()#$#$%:aKST%U:.%Q
#$%RA <.M:a9ID  >#:##%8#62#%I9B!#$9%W:Vwd+5[UY>#.%Q#$%RAST%U:I.C#
9%:;9K%':K%599B:L#V:#%9;%"#$%!5#%:c+9%"#%K%C#
D  >#:#[<.M:a9.!:9B-#$P8#[c_,#9U.9B!#$%!"#.'#%[89#(Z..eB89
#%:c+Np.9U. A#$+3>#9p..)M'#9B!#$()#$YR#%_,#9U.|Œ+3c#MO#%[„#$_,#
9U.zd+3c#_,#9U.9td+3;9P"9O#%[!"#V;9.QA$:A:.8KP7N'#9%+U.989.'.5._,#
9U. :A:.8KP7N'#9!"#9%;$:Z:P".5._,#9U.M15KMn.[!"#V;9Y2:•
@#$PZ:#%=#$.o#$%:;#%;9Nn.9!YZ#PcY^Y+J#P".%][2!9%t.9:4#.5.%
62#$ID  >#:#.Š##>+6U9986$()#$N5#$PcYŠ#$9B+#$9%"#%P7%2#PZ:YF:&.%
.QA$:A:.8K.7#$#%,#IPZ:Y^9({#$.U#$N'#_! s5.I/% ƒ#$$%i#K%59%:a#P"
V%{:S(Z#$ %=#$[:c+[e[TY"6.%!D  >#:#9B{9%"#%6U99%:>#9":V%!A%-.I
6U9YT#%9`V:a9S+89.QA$:A:.8K.7#$#%,#P"#%,#_,#YA![U#$9!"#9%;$:Z:
2.3. Sự vậndụngvàpháttriểnsángtạocủachủ nghĩa xã hộikhoahọctừ saukhi
V.I.Lênin qua đời đếnnay
A+V%:D  >#:#d+A[W:I[W:No#$.%&#%9B19%;$:Z:.%n#$V:;##%:c+9%A3
[h: %:;#9BA#%9%;$:Z:YC#9%n%A:_!.5.9%;Yt.[;d+o.K%'#[U#$.t.[!A#$,3BA
9}mjjmjGv[LY2:%J+d+'.t.VwV%Q#$V%:;K.%!#%,#Y!2:
B!#$K%i[\#$6:#%.%o#$K%59S&9I:>#S7$eKK%C#d+3;9[1#%.%86_n9
.%:;#9BA#%I.n+#%,#Y!2:V%X:9%'6%-A.QA.%Q#$%RAK%59S&9P"92![:c+V:a#%O#%
9%"#%%a9%o#$ST%U:.%Q#$%RA9%;$:Z:I92!YF:9%;N!N5#%.%!Yt.Y(F#$%ŠAMO#%I
[U.YJK_,#9U.I_,#.%QP".%Q#$%RAST%U:
• *9AY:#V;9`.Y"#$(W:YT#%[2!.A!#%89.QA'#$U#$N'#M$AP"NA+[e
Y"'#$U#$N'#:>#*7I[\#$9%W:Y"#$(W:'#%%({#$YZ##%89[o:PZ:Œ+o.9;
.%![;##E6mjGIV%::6:9BoKY".%Q91.%Œ+o.9; }#E6mjG[;##E6
mjvI.e9%L$-:Y"~%W:[!2#*9AY:#•9Bt.9:;KPJ#_`#$P"K%599B:L#.%Q#$%RAST
%U:V%!A%-. %&#%*9AY:#P"'#$U#$N'#:>#*7[T$p#Y^Y+J#P"9>#9+h:.QA
 s5.PZ:D  >#:#9%"#%~%Q#$%RAs5.>#:#• B>#9%t.9:4#I9B!#$6839%JK
V…M(Z.[C+S,3_t#$.%Q#$%RAST%U:IPZ:#%=#$9%"#%d+'9!YZ#P"#%A#%.%e#$
Pc#%:c+6<9[L:>#*79B{9%"#%6U9.(W#$d+o.ST%U:.%Q#$%RA[C+9:>#P"_+3
#%899B>#9!"#.C+IM+U.9%;$:Z:K%':9%}A#%J#P"#L9B-#$
e9%L#>+6U9.5.%V%5:d+59#%=#$#U:_+#$.)M'#K%'#5#%NtPJ#_`#$I
K%599B:L#N5#$92!.%Q#$%RAST%U:V%!A%-.9B!#$9%W:VwNA+>#:#|
U:#$%1[2:M:L+.5.'#$U#$N'#P".7#$#%,#d+o.9;%-K92:sA9S.)PA
9%5#$mmmjvk[T9h#$V;9P"9%7#$d+Ajd+:Y+J9.%+#$.QA.7#$.+U..':92!ST%U:
.%Q#$%RAP"S,3_t#$.%Q#$%RAST%U: s<._@IPcNA+_!NtK%599B:L#.QA9O#%%O#%
9%;$:Z:I#%=#$#%J#9%n.[e[TM1Y1.%NgP(F9d+AIN!#$[,3.ˆ#$Y"NtK%599B:L#P"
MhN+#$#%:c+#U:_+#$d+A#9B-#$.%!.%Q#$%RAST%U:V%!A%-.
mk
U:#$%1[2:M:L+.QAxm'#$U#$N'#P".7#$#%,#d+o.9;.ˆ#$%-K{
sA9S.)PAP"!9%5#$$:>#$#E6mjyl[TK%,#9&.%9O#%%O#%d+o.9;P"#%=#$P8#[c
.)M'#.QA9%;$:Z:I[(ABAV%5:#:a6Pc~9%W:[2:%:a##A3•zS5.[1#%#%:a6P`%"#$
[C+.QA.5.'#$U#$N'#P".7#$#%,#Y"M'!PaP".Q#$.o%ŠAMO#%#$E#.%<#
M-#[;d+o.%:;+.%:;#K%59[U#$.%:;#9BA#%9%;$:Z:6Z:z9E#$.(W#$[!"#V;9K%!#$
9B"!.U#$N'#[8+9BA#%.%!%ŠAMO#%I_,#.%QP".%Q#$%RAST%U: U:#$%1sA9.)PA
9%7#$d+APE#V:a#|~%=#$#%:a6P`[8+9BA#%.%o#$.%Q#$%RA[;d+o.9B!#$$:A:
[!2#%:a#92:P"Nt9%o#$#%89%"#%[U#$.QA.5.'#$U#$N'#I.7#$#%,#P"989.'
.5.Yt.Y()#$.%o#$[;d+o.• U:#$%1[TV%„#$[1#%|~a9%o#$ST%U:.%Q#$%RA
9%;$:Z:I.5.Yt.Y(F#$[8+9BA#%.%o#$.%Q#$%RA[;d+o.#%q6.':92!ST%U:9%i!
.%Q#$%RAST%U:I[A#$d+3;9[1#%#U:_+#$.%Q3;+IK%()#$%(Z#$.%Q3;+.QA
#%=#$[<.[:L6.%Q3;+.QANtK%599B:L#Y1.%Ng.QAST%U:Y!":#$(W:9B!#$9%W:[2:
#$"3#A3•
m
A+U:#$%1sA9S.)PA#E6mjylI%!29[U#$Y&Y+J#P"9%t.9:4#.QA.5.
'#$U#$N'#P".7#$#%,#[(F.9E#$.(W#$%)#9B(Z. +3#%:>#I9B!#$K%!#$9B"!
.U#$N'#d+o.9;I9B>##%=#$P8#[c.)M'#.QA.5.%62#$9%;$:Z:Pr#9\#92:#%=#$
M89[\#$P"Pr#9:;K9`._:4#BA.+U.[8+9BA#% $A3$p9$:=A#%=#$#$(W:9%i!.%Q
#$%RAs5.>#:#PZ:#%=#$#$(W:9%i!.%Q#$%RASf9Y2:P".%Q#$%RA$:5![:c+M:a9
K%5:
;##%=#$#E6.+o:.QA9%JK#:>#xl[C+9%JK#:>#jl.QA9%;V…**I_!
#%:c+95.[U#$9:>+.t.IK%n.92K9}M>#9B!#$P"M>##$!":I67%O#%.QA.%;[UST%U:
.%Q#$%RA.QA:>#S7P"7#$•+N`K[hI%a9%o#$ST%U:.%Q#$%RA9A#BTI.%Q#$%RA
ST%U:[n#$9B(Z.6U99%g9%5.%[Š:%X:K%':P(F9d+A
B>#K%26P:d+o.9;I[T_:4#BA#%:c+.%:;#_1.%98#.7#$.QA.5.9%;9%t.9%@
[1.%IBq#$.%Q#$%RAST%U:[T.5!.%+#$•!#$9}M'#.%89V%!A%-.IN5#$92!I.5.%
62#$P"#%,#PE#I.%Q#$%RAST%U:6A#$Nn.No#$.QAd+:Y+J99:;#%eA.QAY1.%Ng[T
P"N‡9:;K9`..eM(Z.K%599B:L#6Z:
B>#9%;$:Z:INA+N`K[h.QA.%;[UST%U:.%Q#$%RA{:>#S7P"7#$•+I
.%].Š#6U9No#(Z.ST%U:.%Q#$%RA%!<.#(Z..eS+%(Z#$9:;K9`.9%i!.%Q#$%RA
ST%U:I_!Pr#.e6U9'#$U#$N'#YT#%[2! %=#$'#$U#$N'#V:>#9BO%a9(
9({#$s5.>#:#I.%Q#$%RAST%U:V%!A%-.I9}#$M(Z.$:=h#[1#%[L.':.5.%I[h:
6Z:P"K%599B:L#
B+#$Œ+o.9:;#%"#%.':.5.%I6{9}#E6mjkx[T9%+[(F.#%=#$9%"#%9t+
[5#$$%:#%J#I.'PcY^Y+J#P"9%t.9:4# '#$U#$N'#B+#$Œ+o.I9}#$"39%"#%
YJKm9%5#$k#E6mjm[;##A3[T9B':d+A9%W:VwYZ#|5.%62#$IS,3_t#$P"
.':.5.%I6{.gA 2:%U:YC#9%n*D.QA'#$U#$N'#B+#$Œ+o.#E6ll[T
V%5:d+59Pcd+59BO#%YT#%[2!.QA'#$#%(NA+|~'#$.%H#$9A9B':d+A9%W:Vw
m
*i6%99K|uu_A#$.!#$NA# P#u9+Y:i+PA#V:i#u.A.MA#_A#$9B+#$+!#$uM!!VN
mx
.5.%62#$IS,3_t#$P".':.5.%z[T9}6U9'#$YT#%[2!#%,#_,#K%8#[8+$:"#%
.%&#%d+3c#9B!#$.'#(Z.9B{9%"#%'#$YT#%[2!#%,#_,##p6.%&#%d+3c#9B!#$
.'#(Z.P".C6d+3c#Y,+_":z[T9}6U9'#$YT#%[2!S,3_t#$[89#(Z.9B!#$[:c+
V:a#.%1+NtMA!P,39}M>##$!":P"9%t.%:a#V:#%9;V;%!2.%I9B{9%"#%'#$YT#%
[2!S,3_t#$[89#(Z.9B!#$[:c+V:a#.':.5.%6{.gAMp9[C+9}U:#$%1B+#$
()#$V%eA*.+o:#E6mjkxP"K%59 9B:L#V:#%9;9%19B(W#$ST%U:.%Q#$%RA•
'#$U#$N'#B+#$Œ+o.9B!#$.':.5.%I6{.gA~S,3_t#$.%Q#$%RAST%U:6A#$
[<.Np.B+#$Œ+o.•V:>#9BOK%()#$.%,6|~.C6d+3c#V%!A%-.I.C6d+3c#_,#
.%QI.C6d+3c#9%i!K%5KY+J9z~989.'PO#%,#_,#•z~989.'_tAP"!#%,#_,#•P"9%t.
%:a#v#$+3>#9p.IvV:>#9BO
m
|
2:%U:**lmkPZ:.%Q[c|~Œ+3;99%p#$S,3_t#$9!"#_:a#ST%U:V%5
$:'I$:"#%9%p#$YF:PR[2:.%Q#$%RAST%U:[<.Np.B+#$Œ+o.9%W:[2:6Z:•I[T
V%„#$[1#%|*,3_t#$B+#$Œ+o.9B{9%"#%.(W#$d+o.%:a#[2:%eAST%U:.%Q#$%RA
$:"+62#%I_,#.%QIPE#6:#%I%":%ŠAI9():[‚KP"!#E6lvlz~%,#_,#B+#$
Œ+o.N‡[(F.%({#$Nt%2#%K%H.P"9%1#%P(F#$.A!%)#IP"_,#9U.B+#$Œ+o.N‡
.e.%0[n#$.A!%)#IP=#$%)#9B>#9B(W#$d+o.9;•
%t.BA.7#$.+U..':.5.%6{.gA{B+#$Œ+o..ˆ#$.Š##%:c+P8#[c.C#
9BA![h:IM"#.T: !#$Id+AGl#E69%t.%:a#IB+#$Œ+o.[T9B{9%"#%#(Z.9%n%A:
9B>#9%;$:Z:PcV:#%9;P"#%:c+P8#[cI#%89Y"PcY^Y+J#~sU9d+o.$:AI%A:.%;[U•
.ˆ#$Y"P8#[c.C#9:;K9`.#$%:>#.n+
’D:a9A6I.7#$.+U.[h:6Z:_!'#$U#$N'#D:a9A6V%{:S(Z#$P"
YT#%[2!9}2:%U:YC#9%nDmjxy[T9%+[(F.#%=#$9%"#%9t+9!YZ#.e^#$%RA
Y1.%Ng B>#9:#%9%C#~#%O#9%„#$P"!Nt9%J9I[5#%$:5[H#$Nt9%J9I#e:B‰Nt9%J9•
'#$U#$N'#D:a9A6V%7#$.%]9%"#%.7#$9B!#$Nt#$%:aKS,3_t#$P"M'!Pa9h
d+o.6" .Š#.e #%=#$[e#$ $eK 9! YZ# P"! V%! 9"#$ Y^Y+J# .QA.%Q #$%RAs5.
>#:#|
U.YJK_,#9U.$p#Y:c#PZ:.%Q#$%RAST%U:Y"d+3Y+J9.QA.5.%62#$D:a9
A6I9B!#$[:c+V:a#9%W:[2:#$"3#A3z
;9%FK.%<9.%‡#$A39}[C+[h:6Z:V:#%9;PZ:[h:6Z:.%&#%9B1IY83[h:
m
vV:>#9BO|m:>#9BO.!:K%599B:L#Y"#%:a6P`d+A#9B-#$No6U9.%8#%(#$[89#(Z..QA['#$.C6
d+3c#IV%7#$#$}#$#,#$.A!#E#$Yt.[:c+%"#%V:#%9;9%19B(W#$ST%U:.%Q#$%RAzV:>#9BONt
9%o#$#%89%=+.)$:=ANtYT#%[2!.QA'#$I#%,#_,#Y"6.%Q_tAP"!K%5KY+J9[Ld+'#Y^[89
#(Z.IV%7#$#$}#$#,#$.A!#E#$Yt.K%599B:L##c#.%&#%9B1_,#.%Q*zV:>#9BO[1AP1.%]
[2!.QA.%Q#$%RAs5.9B!#$YR#%Pt.%O#%9%5:^9%n.IV%7#$#$}#$#,#$.A!#E#$Yt.S,3_t#$#c#
PE#%!59:>#9:;#ST%U:.%Q#$%RAzGV:>#9BOK%59%+3BU#$BT:#%89I[C3[Q#%896-:#%,#9o9&.%.t.I
V%7#$#$}#$#,#$.A!#E#$Yt.[:c+%!"ST%U1zvV:>#9BO.%&#%N5.%#$!2:$:A!%!"MO#%[U.YJK9t
.%QIV%7#$#$}#$#,#$.A!#E#$Yt.n#$K%ePZ:9O#%%O#%d+o.9;P"SgY^.5..7#$P:a.d+o.9;
2:%U:**'#$U#$N'#B+#$Œ+o.PZ:.%Q[c~Œ+3;99%p#$S,3_t#$9!"#_:a#ST%U:V%'$:'I
$:"#%9%p#$YF:PR[2:*[<.Np.B+#$Œ+o.9%W:[2:6Z:•[TS5.[1#%x[:c+Y"6B‰P"mG[:c+
V:>#9BOY"[e#$$eK6Z: [o:PZ:Y^Y+J#Pc*[<.Np.B+#$Œ+o.
mj

Tài liệu khác của Trường Đại học Khoa học tự nhiên, Đại học Quốc gia Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh

Tài liệu liên quan: