Grammar - Lesson 3: Comparative ( so sánh hơn )- Superlative ( so sánh nhất ) môn English | Trường Đại học Khoa học Tự nhiên, Đại học Quốc gia Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh

lOMoAR cPSD| 47270246 Grammar - Lesson 3:
Comparative ( so sánh hơn )- Superlative ( so sánh nhất ) I/So sánh bằng
S1+V ( động từ )+as+adv ( trạng từ ) +as+S2
Vd: She ( S) runs (v) as quickly )adv) as her brother (s2).( Cô ấy chạy nhanh như anh của cô ấy)
S1+ tobe+ as+ adj ( tính từ )+ as+S2 ( chủ ngữ 2)
Vd: She ( S1)is as pretty( adj) tính từ as her sister(S2). ( Cô ấy đẹp như chị của cô ấy )
-> So sánh không ngang bằng
S1+ not+ V+ as/so + adv+as +S2
S1+ tobe+ not+so/as+adj+as +S2
VD: He is not so/as good as his father
So sánh kém : S1+ be/V+ less+adj/adv+than+ S2
Vd: I am less( kém) rich than you ( tôi kém giàu hơn bạn )
Lưu ý: less là dạng so sánh của little ( dùng trước danh từ không đếm được )
Fewer ( ít hơn) là dạng so sánh của few ( dùng trước danh từ đếm được ) II/ So sánh hơn
-Đối với các tính từ từ 2 âm tiết trở xuống smart
S1+to be/V+adj/adv+ER+ (than ) S 2
VD: He is smarter than his friend ( thông minh) -> Anh ấy thông minh hơn bạn của anh ấy->
He is more smart than his friend x sai
-Đối với tính từ từ 2 âm tiết trở lên ( 3 âm tiết )
S1+ tobe/V+ MORE + adj/adv+ (than) S2
VD: He is more intelligent than his friend -> Anh ấy thông minh hơn bạn của anh ấy -> INTELLIGENTER X - So sánh kép
Với tính từ ngắn: The + adj + er + S + V, the + adj + er + S + V
Với tính từ dài: The more + adj + S + V, the more + adj + S + V
The more you study, the higher the grades will be
Cách thêm đuôi ER vào tính từ ngắn Phụ âm : Nguyên âm : ueoai
Tính từ kết thúc bởi 1 phụ âm -> thêm
Old-> older , young-> younger, near-> đuôi er nearer
Tính từ kết thúc bằng nguyên âm e-> Nice-> nicer thêm đuôi R
Tính từ kết thúc bằng nguyên âm ( ueoai) Big-> bigger
+ 1 phụ âm -> gấp đôi phụ âm cuối và Hot-> Hotter thêm đuôi ER Fat->Fatter
Tính từ kết thúc bằng y -> bỏ Y thêm đuôi Happy-> happier ier Pretty-> prettier
* Lưu ý: một số tính từ kết thúc bằng đuôi ET OW ER Y thì cũng áp dụng cách thêm như tính từ ngắn VD: quiet-> quieter Clever-> cleverer III/ So sánh nhất
-Đối với tính từ từ 2 âm tiết trở xuống
S1+ be/V+ the + adj/adv+EST lOMoAR cPSD| 47270246
VD: Dan Le is the best ( good) student in the class.( Dan Le là học sinh giỏi nhất lớp )
- Đối với tính từ từ 2 âm tiết trở lên S1+be/V+ the most+ adj/adv
VD: This is the most difficult lesson in this book.( Đây là bài học khó nhất trong cuốn sách này)
!!! 1 số trường hợp ngoại lệ So sánh hơn So sánh nhất Good Better Best Bad Worse Worst Many/Much More Most Little Less
Least-> at least( ít nhất) Far Farther/Further Farthest/Furthest lOMoAR cPSD| 47270246
Comparative- Superlative : Practice Exercise 1 1.
Peter is the student in my class. a. taller than b. so tall as c. the tallest d. tallest 2.
The deep oceans contain some of the of all living a. strangest creatures. b.
strange c. as strange asd. stranger 3. Jane is not her brother.
a. more intelligent as b. as /so intelligent as c. so intelligent as d. so intelligent that 4.
He drives ( động từ ) as his father does. a. careful as tobe b. more carefully
c. the most careful d. carefully as
5. What's the film you've ever seen? a. goodc. better b. best d. the best 6. Jane is age as Mary. As+adj/adv as a. as same b. the most same c. the same +N as d. more same 7. I'll be there I can. a. sooner as
b. no sooner asc. as soon as ngay khid. soonest as 8.
Hotels have developed (V) restaurants. a. as rapidly as b. so rapidly that
c. as rapid as d. as rapid than 9.
Commercial centres are they were many years ago. a. as popular than
b. the most popular. c. more popular than d. most popular than
10. Computer are considered as tools today
a. much modern than b. the most modern c. modern as d. more modern
11. A supermarket is a shopping centre.
a. less convenient as b. not so convenient than c. less convenient than d. the most convenient as
12. Vietnam becomes to foreign tourists.
a. most and most attractive b. the more attractive
c. much and more attractive d. more and more attractive
13. Can Tho is from Saigon than Bien Hoa is. Far c. far a. farther b. further d. farer
14. Bao Yen sings than this singer. a. wellc. gooder b. better d. more good 15. Of all the ball-point pens, which one do you like ?
b. the a. best best c. most d. the most
16. The we start, the sooner we will be back. a. early b. earliestd. more early c. earlier 17. The sooner, the b. a. better best c. good d. more good. lOMoAR cPSD| 47270246
18. The harder this farmer works, he becomes.
a. the poorest b. the poorer c. the more poor d. poorer 19. My father is as yours. a. old b. as old c. olderd. so old 20. HCM city is than Hanoi. a. large b. largest c. more large d. larger Exercise 2 1.
She is the daughter in the family. a. older b. more old c. eldest d. oldest 2.
She speaks (v)English as (adv) as you. a.
clearc. b. clearly clearness d. very clear 3. HCM city is than Nha Trang a. more large b. as large c. not so large d. larger
4. Your pencil is as mine. Tính từ b. not a. as sharp c. sharper d. sharp sharp 5.
This car is than mine. Hơn, kém a. less
b. as expensive c. more rich giàu d. not so expensive expensive 6.
The he is, the more miserable he gets. a. richer b. more riches c. more rich d. none is correct 7.
He is the student in this class. a. very intelligent b. most intelligent c. more intelligent
d. less intelligent 8. Despite its smaller size, the Indian Ocean the Atlantic Ocean.
a. as deep as b. is the same deep as c. deeper as d. is as deep as 9.
Sharon from other women I know.
a. different tobe+ adj b. as different c. differs động từ d. more different to be
10. This one is prettier, but it costs as the one.
a. as much as b. twice as much c. as many d. twice as many 11.
You can take books as you want. Many : đếm được Much : o đếm đc a. as many b. as much c. so much d. too many 12. Of the two sisters, Linda
a. is beautiful b. the most beautiful tobe
c. is more beautiful d. is so beautiful as 13.
Tuition at an American university runs one thousand dollars a semester.
a. so high as b. as high to c. as high as d. as high than 14.
I get to know her, the more I like her.
a. For more b. Mored. The most so sánh c. The nhất 15. I would have paid for more my car if the salesman had
insisted, because I really wanted it. How much does it cost ? a. as much twice
b. much twice c. twice as much d. times two lOMoAR cPSD| 47270246 16.
The students do not always do well in tests. b. a. brighter more bright c. more brighter d. brighter more 17.
The noise in Rome is much /far +adj worse than in Florence. a. much
b. far c. A and B are wrong d. A and B are correct
Exercise 3. Rewrite the sentences using the given words
1. Yesterday the temperature was nine degrees. Today it’s only six degrees.
=> It’s …………………………………………………………………….
2. The journey takes four hours by car and five hours by train.
=> It takes………………………………………………………………….
3. We were very busy at work today. We are not as busy as that every day.
=> We………………………………………………………………………
4. Jane cooks better than her sister.
=> Jane’s sister…………………………………………………………….
5. Tom is the best football player in this team.
=> Nobody in this team…………………………………………………….
6. Her old house is bigger than her new one
=> Her new house …………………………………………………………
7. No one in my class is taller than Peter
=> Peter …………………………………………………………………..
8. The black dress is more expensive than the white one.
=> The white one …………………………………………………………
9. According to me, English is easier than Maths.
According to me, Maths ………………………………………………….
10. No one in my group is more intelligent than Mary.
=> Mary ………………………………………………………………..
11. Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
=> No mountain ……………………………………………………….
Exercise 4. Rewrite the sentence using the structure “as … as” and start by the given words
1 . I’m quite tall but you are taller
I’m not ……………………………………………………..
2. My salary is high, but yours is higher
My salary isn’t ……………………………………………
3. You know a bit about cars, but I know more
You don’t know …………………………………………..
4. It’s still cold, but it was colder yesterday.
It isn’t ………………………………………………………
5. I still feel quite tired, but a lot more tired yesterday.
I don’t …………………………………………………….. lOMoAR cPSD| 47270246 lOMoAR cPSD| 47270246 lOMoAR cPSD| 47270246 lOMoAR cPSD| 47270246 lOMoAR cPSD| 47270246 lOMoAR cPSD| 47270246 lOMoAR cPSD| 47270246 lOMoAR cPSD| 47270246