Summit 1, Third Edition - Answer Key for Units 1-4
Summit 1, Third Edition - Answer Key for Units 1-4
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Page 1 of 45 Student’s Book Answer Key
Note: In communicative exercises where several answers are possible, this answer key
contains some examples of correct answers, not al possible answers. Any valid answer in this
type of exercise should be considered acceptable. UNIT 1 PREVIEW
E Understand idioms and expressions
1. b 2. a 3. a 4. a 5. a 6. a F Compare and contrast
1. Leo is more of a pessimist. Nora is more of a realist.
2. Answers wil vary.
LESSON 1: Describe your personality B Classify the vocabulary
Are always positive: polite, punctual, friendly, nice, interesting, intel igent, easygoing,
outgoing, considerate, modest, trustworthy
Can be either: liberal, conservative, hardworking, independent, serious, talkative
Are always negative: impolite, rude, unfriendly
D Listen to activate grammar 1. to paint the bedroom
2. tel ing . . . keyboard 3. to watch a movie
4. working . . . an of ice 5. being rude
6. having to . . . Friday E Pair work
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing: 1. staying up late 2. to paint your house 3. working late
4. working on the weekend 5. working on Saturday 6. to tel a joke 7. watching movies
8. cleaning in the house Summit 1, Third Edition
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LESSON 2: Discuss someone’s behavior C Listen to classify
1. a workaholic, a team player
2. a tyrant, a pain in the neck 3. a pain in the neck
E Understand the grammar
2. Hotel security guards told drivers to stop at the entrance to the hotel.
3. The rules required employees to return from lunch at 2:00.
4. Our manager encouraged us to tweet our questions to the speaker.
5. The invitation advised them to be at the restaurant before 8:00 p.m. F Grammar practice
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing:
2. them . . . re-schedule the game
3. Heather . . . study for the test
4. people . . . leave their bags outside
5. someone . . . walk your dog
6. us . . . buy a new car G Pair work 2. asked Kevin to speak 3. would like you to be 4. want Kathy to write
5. want my assistant to speak
LESSON 3: Compare perspectives on world problems B Listen for main ideas Conversation 1: crime Conversation 2: a virus Conversation 3: terrorism C Listen for details 1. a. F b. F 2. a. ND b. ND 3. a. T b. ND
D Understand meaning from context
1. a 2. b 3. a 4. a 5. a 6. a 7. a 8. b 9. b 10. a E Group work Conversation 1
1. Provide more money for local police. Not tempt criminals.
2. Because he presents specific examples of how to fight crime.
3. Answers wil vary. Summit 1, Third Edition
Copyright © 2017 by Pearson Education, Inc. Duplication for classroom use is permit ed. Page 3 of 45 Conversation 2
1. It’s even more contagious than Ebola.
2. The woman. She gives some good news. 3. Answers wil vary. Conversation 3
1. Nothing. She said people just have to keep living normal y. They should hope for the best. 2. The woman
3. Answers wil vary.
LESSON 4: Discuss creative ways to achieve a goal B Reading
He left the family’s camera on top of his car and drove away. Al the vacation photos were gone.
C Determine the main idea 2
D Understand meaning from context – absent-minded – hopeless – meaningless + useful + af ectionate + purposeful + powerful E Summarize
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing:
The article is about a creative approach to solving a problem. A family on vacation lost a
camera. When a man found it on the side of the road, he posted a picture from the camera
on Facebook with a note. After hundreds of shares, the photo found its way to the family.
The camera was returned to them, thus il ustrating how powerful and useful social media can be. F Word study
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing:
I was careless on my exam and made a lot of mistakes!
She was hopeful she would get a good job when she graduated.
Ted thought teaching was a very meaningful profession. My dental visit was painless!
The president of the company is a very powerful person.
The meeting was purposeless and a waste of time.
I learned many useful things in the computer class. G Word study practice
restful: something that makes you feel relaxed
restless: unable to relax or sit stil helpful: giving help
helpless: needing help from other people
pitiful: causing you to feel sadness or pity
pitiless: having or showing no pity for other people’s suffering Summit 1, Third Edition
Copyright © 2017 by Pearson Education, Inc. Duplication for classroom use is permit ed. Page 4 of 45 WRITING B Practice 1. S3 2. S1 3. T 4. S2 5. C 6. S4 C Practice Paragraph 1
Topic sentence: Terrorist acts take many forms, but al have one thing in common: the
senseless targeting of innocent people to achieve maximum pain, fear, and disruption.
Concluding sentence: In conclusion, although I general y have a positive outlook, I think it is
just a mat er of time until terrorists harm me or people I know and love. Paragraph 2
Topic sentence: The things that worry many people don’t worry me.
Concluding sentence: “Better safe than sorry,” as they say, but in most cases it’s best just to try to rol with the punches. REVIEW A 1. pessimist 2. realist 3. optimist B 1. Susan 2. John 3. Mat
C Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing:
1. is relaxed and doesn’t worry about things too much.
2. is interested in other people and new experiences.
3. does what they say they wil do.
4. gives other people help when they need it. D 1. tyrant 2. team player 3. workaholic 4. people person E 1. painless 2. hopeless 3. useful 4. hopeful 5. powerful Summit 1, Third Edition
Copyright © 2017 by Pearson Education, Inc. Duplication for classroom use is permit ed. Page 5 of 45 UNIT 2 PREVIEW B Vocabulary
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing:
A beat is the rhythm of a piece of music; a melody is the order of notes in a musical piece;
lyrics are the words of a song; sound refers to the particular style or quality of an artist’s
or group’s music; voice is the quality of sound produced when one sings; a performance is
entertaining an audience for example, by playing music or acting a play.
E Understand idioms and expressions 1. f
2. e 3. g 4. d 5. b 6. a 7. c F Think and explain
1. Sandy has seen the movie The Phantom of the Opera, but she would like to see it live;
Amalia has seen it on stage, but she wouldn’t mind seeing it again; Paul saw it ten years
ago, but he isn’t interested in seeing it again.
2. Sandy thinks the art exhibit might be just right for Paul because he had suggested that
maybe there’s a museum that stays open late.
LESSON 1: Describe how you’ve been enjoying the arts D Notice the grammar
Hasn’t that thing been playing for like twenty years now? [an action that may continue in the future.]
E Understand the grammar
1. He’s been playing with their band for almost ten years.
3. She’s been looking online this morning for a good deal on show tickets.
4. Since he got promoted to stage manager, Mark’s been arriving early at the theater every day.
5. We’ve been going to a lot of concerts lately.
8. Lately, audiences have been asking them to play more songs from their new album. F Grammar practice
1. Have you been watching 2. Has Max seen
3. What have you been doing?
4. Has Vickie been working 5. Has Jerry ever gone
6. How long have you been waiting
LESSON 2: Express a negative opinion politely
B Listen to activate vocabulary 1. sentimental 2. commercial 3. dated 4. repetitive 5. serious Summit 1, Third Edition
Copyright © 2017 by Pearson Education, Inc. Duplication for classroom use is permit ed. Page 6 of 45 E Notice the grammar
And what I real y love is the location. F Grammar practice
2. What I didn’t care for was Adele’s overly sentimental lyrics.
3. What Jessica doesn’t particularly like is Bono’s voice.
4. What I’d real y enjoy seeing is a live Lady Gaga performance.
5. What real y makes me want to dance is the song “I Got a Feeling” by the Back Eyed Peas. G Pair work
1. What always puts me to sleep is jazz.
2. What I can’t stand in techno-pop is the loud beat.
3. What can make even bad lyrics seem acceptable is a good melody.
4. What drives me crazy is listening to my brother try to sing.
5. What helps me unwind is dancing to the music of a great salsa band.
6. What I love is downloading songs by unknown new artists.
LESSON 3: Describe a creative personality C Reading
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing:
His strong personality made him an unpleasant person who often lost his temper and
behaved selfishly. But it was also his strong personality that enabled him to fight the
obstacles and keep working when he lost his hearing. D Infer information 1. 1786 2. 56
3. He was moved by the roaring applause even though he couldn’t hear it. 4. 1827
E Identify supporting details
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing:
1. He composed his first piece of music by age 12.
2. He continued to write many pieces of music.
3. He wrote many unique compositions.
4. He asked several women to marry him. 5. He rarely bathed.
6. He dumped a plate of food on a waiter’s head.
7. He would walk through the streets talking to himself.
8. If anyone talked during a concert he would stop playing and leave.
F Express and support an opinion
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing:
1. Women rejected Beethoven because he was egotistical, eccentric, and difficult to get
along with. They probably made the right decision; the marriage probably would not have lasted.
2. Beethoven didn’t need to hear to create extraordinary music. His music was in his heart and mind. Summit 1, Third Edition
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LESSON 4: Discuss the benefits of the arts B Listen for main ideas 1. music 2. drama 3. art
C Listen for supporting information
1. b 2. a 3. b D Listen to take notes
1. a disability that causes a person to learn more slowly than most people, and affects a
person’s ability to communicate and interact social y
2. teenagers that are depressed because of difficult life experiences
3. someone who is elderly G Word study practice 1. relaxed 2. depressed 3. soothing 4. surprising 5. amazed 6. pleased 7. entertaining WRITING B Error correction
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing. Corrections are underlined.
Some people think I am moody, pessimistic, and cautious because I sometimes worry about
the future. However, this is very surprising to me. What I think is that I have always been
passionate, positive, and optimistic. The fact that I love traveling, meeting new people, and
learning about new places proves that I don’t have a pessimistic outlook. Most of my friends
find me to be energetic and imaginative. C Practice
1. I like reading, listening to music, and going to movies.
2. I’ve been a teacher, a stay-at-home mom, and an office manager.
3. I enjoy hiking, ski ng, and swimming in the ocean.
4. Seeing new places, having new experiences, and making new friends are al reasons I like to travel.
5. Last year I joined the vol eybal team, played in ten games, and won an award.
6. What energizes and relaxes me is painting portraits, cooking great meals, and playing my guitar. REVIEW
A 1. The man / Their music is too sentimental.
2. The woman / Her music is too serious.
3. The man / Music is too commercial. Summit 1, Third Edition
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4. The man / Her performances are too eccentric.
5. The woman / His music is out-of-date. B 1. gifted 2. eccentric 3. egotistical 4. moody 5. energetic 6. passionate
C 1. I’ve already written two reports for my boss this month. 2. Correct
3. They’ve never heard about art therapy before.
4. Most likely, Lance has been studying late. His bedroom light is stil on.
5. We haven’t made reservations for our flight yet.
6. I’l bet you’ve been doing the laundry. I can hear the washing machine.
D 1. What wouldn’t be much fun is life without the arts.
2. What I don’t like is a band whose music is real y commercial.
3. What the beat did was make everyone feel like dancing.
4. What I like to listen to is music that has fun lyrics and a great melody.
5. What they should go see is anything that’s playing on Broadway. UNIT 3 PREVIEW
E Understand idioms and expressions
1. c 2. b 3. e 4. f 5. g 6. i 7. j
8. a 9. d 10. h SPEAKING Group work
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing: 1. never needs charging
2. makes wrinkles disappear 3. increases your speed
4. a diet pil : makes you lose weight quickly
LESSON 1: Express buyer’s remorse B Listen for details 1. a juicer 2. a digital camera 3. an exercise bike 4. a sound system 5. a car C Activate vocabulary
2. It’s too hard to operate.
3. It just sits around col ecting dust.
4. It’s too hard to put together.
5. It costs too much to maintain. Summit 1, Third Edition
Copyright © 2017 by Pearson Education, Inc. Duplication for classroom use is permit ed. Page 9 of 45 E Notice the grammar I shouldn’t have said that.
F Understand the grammar
2. Should you have read the owner’s manual before you tried to use the espresso maker?
3. We ought to have gone to a discount store instead of this fancy department store.
4. I should not have been in such a hurry to sel my house.
5. Shouldn’t he have taken the tutorial for his new computer?
6. I should not have bought these gimmicky basketbal shoes. G Pair work
2. She wishes she hadn’t tried to repair the air-conditioner herself.
3. He wishes she had bought a convertible.
4. Clark wishes his dad had returned the defective tires as soon as he read about the problem in the news.
5. The teacher wishes the children had taken the school bus this morning.
LESSON 2: Talk about financial goals and plans D Notice the grammar
But, Dad, by the time I have enough money to buy a smart bike myself, al my friends wil have already gotten theirs! E Grammar practice
1. By the end of this month I wil have put half my paycheck in the bank.
2. By next summer Stan wil have saved enough to make a down payment on an apartment.
3. Do you think you wil have lowered your credit card debt by December?
4. When wil they have started spending less than they earn? F Grammar practice
1. intends to have created
2. is hoping to have made 3. plans to have begun
4. expects to have paid back G Error correction
1. I expect to have earned enough money to buy a car by the end of the year.
2. Before they come back home, they wil have spent al the money they took with them.
3. We hope to have completed our driver training by the end of the week.
4. By the time I’m thirty I wil have been married for five years.
LESSON 3: Discuss good and bad money management B Vocabulary practice
2. lives beyond his means.
3. live paycheck to paycheck.
4. pays her credit card bil s in ful .
5. doesn’t know where his money goes. 6. is drowning in debt.
7. live within their means.
8. keeps track of her expenses. Summit 1, Third Edition
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C Listen to confirm content Cal er 1: 1, 3 Cal er 2: 1, 2, 3 Cal er 3: 1, 2, 4 D Listen to summarize
Cal er 1: He can’t save any money and finds it hard to keep track of expenses.
Cal er 2: Parents give her money for things she needs, but she wants an al owance so she
can decide how to spend her money.
Cal er 3: She is drowning in debt and needs advice on her credit cards. E Listen to evaluate
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing:
In Conversation 1, the cal er gets advice on saving a little bit of money by col ecting loose
change in a jar. The financial advisor doesn’t give the man advice about tracking expenses.
The cal er could probably use some tips about budgeting his money so that it lasts longer.
LESSON 4: Explain reasons for charitable giving B Reading
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing:
A charity is an organization that gives money, goods, or help to people who are poor, sick, etc. C Word study adjective: charitable verb: contribute noun: volunteer noun: donation noun: assistant verb: pol ute verb: threaten adjective: extinct
D Understand meaning from context 1. threat 2. Donations 3. extinction 4. assistance 5. pol ution 6. contributions E Draw conclusions
1. b 2. a 3. a
F Express and support an opinion
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing:
In my opinion Doctors Without Borders does more important work. This charity is dedicated
to saving human lives. There is no more important cause than this. Summit 1, Third Edition
Copyright © 2017 by Pearson Education, Inc. Duplication for classroom use is permit ed. Page 11 of 45 WRITING B Practice
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing: First, Secondly, Final y, REVIEW A Conversation 1: c Conversation 2: b Conversation 3: a
B 1. lives paycheck to paycheck 2. drowning in debt
3. lives beyond her means
4. doesn’t know where the money goes
C Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing.
1. I wil have cleaned my apartment
2. to have finished this project
3. I wil have saved enough money to travel
4. to have finished my degree
5. to have perfected my accent
D Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing: I wish I had stayed in school.
I should have spent more time with my family.
E 1. able to support oneself with no help from anyone
2. a plan for managing one’s income and expenses
3. something someone plans to do in the near future that doesn’t take much time or planning
4. something someone plans to do in the future that takes a lot of time and planning 5. very high priced
6. money one borrows and pays back UNIT 4 PREVIEW A Frame your ideas
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing:
(left to right) 5, 4, 1, 6, 2, 3 C Discussion
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing: (left to right)
The man’s outfit is wild and loud.
The woman is wearing an elegant and formal outfit Summit 1, Third Edition
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The woman’s outfit is casual and conservative.
The man is wearing a stylish and classic outfit.
The man’s outfit is informal and casual.
The woman is wearing a trendy and funky outfit.
E Understand idioms and expressions
2. It’s stil acceptable.
3. No girl would want to be seen wearing that.
4. People wouldn’t notice. 5. I agree with you. F Think and explain
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing:
1. Roya is much more conservative than Karen. She finds the pants to be in bad taste
whereas Karen thinks they are funky and cute.
2. Karen’s opinion is similar to that of most people in the United States. The pants wouldn’t
be considered in bad taste by most people. SPEAKING A Pair work
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing: (left to right)
While fashions come and go, style never goes away.
The minute everyone starts wearing a fashion, it is no longer stylish.
Fashion designers tel people what is fashionable.
Don’t just wear what other people wear. Express your own self through your clothes.
It’s not true that money can’t buy happiness. It can—you just need to know where to shop.
LESSON 1: Describe clothing details and formality B Listen for details
1. a 2. b 3. a 4. b
LESSON 2: Talk about changes in clothing customs
B Examine cultural expectations
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing:
1. In my opinion, when people dress too informal y at work, this affects the seriousness
of the workplace. There needs to be some level of formality to ensure that people are
productive and that clients take them seriously.
2. I am in favor of business casual. I don’t think suits and ties are necessary in the
workplace, but jeans and T-shirts are too informal, in my opinion.
D Understand the grammar 1. Most 2. A number of 3. Every 4. fewer 5. a few Summit 1, Third Edition
Copyright © 2017 by Pearson Education, Inc. Duplication for classroom use is permit ed. Page 13 of 45 Explanations:
1. Much can’t be used with count nouns.
2. A great deal of can’t be used with count nouns.
3. Every is used with singular, count nouns.
4. Less can’t be used with count nouns.
5. A little can’t be used with count nouns. E Grammar practice 1. a, b, c 2. a, d 3. b, c 4. a, b, c 5. a, b Explanations:
1. A great deal of can only be used with non-count nouns.
2. A great deal of can only be used with non-count nouns; every can only be used with singular count nouns.
3. Some and most are used with plural nouns.
4. A little can only be used with non-count nouns.
5. Every is used with singular count nouns; less is used with non-count nouns.
LESSON 3: Examine questionable and cosmetic procedures B Reading
It’s impossible to clean the tubs between clients, which can expose clients to bacteria and infection.
C Understand meaning from context 1. exfoliate 2. bans 3. Bacteria 4. disinfect 5. mislabel 6. predator
D Identify supporting details
1. a – from paragraph 1
2. b – from paragraph 2
3. b – from paragraph 2
4. b – from paragraph 3
5. a – from paragraph 2
6. a – from paragraph 5
LESSON 4: Discuss appearance and self-esteem B Word study practice 1. self-confidence 2. self-conscious 3. self-esteem Summit 1, Third Edition
Copyright © 2017 by Pearson Education, Inc. Duplication for classroom use is permit ed. Page 14 of 45 4. self-image 5. self-centered 6. self-critical 7. self-pity 8. Self-confident C Listen for main ideas 1 D Listen for details 1. Extremely thin
2. They have gotten thinner and thinner.
3. It can lead to low self-esteem and eating disorders.
4. Realize that they are being targeted as consumers
5. Instil a positive message about her value and attractiveness; praise people who don’t
conform to the thin body type; build up their self-esteem WRITING Practice
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing: 1. similarly 2. However 3. In contrast, 4. unlike 5. whereas 6. similarly 7. However REVIEW
A 1. b 2. c 3. b 4. a 5. b B 1. solid 2. plaid 3. loud 4. classic 5. stylish 6. formal 7. in bad taste 8. overdressed 9. low cut 10. long-sleeved
C 1. (Every / A few / Most) older people find flashy clothes in bad taste.
2. The company where I work says that it wil permit us to come to the office in jeans (one /
a couple of / a few) days a month.
3. (Most / Many / Every) young girls aren’t worried about the way they look.
4. (Much / A majority of / A number of) parents are concerned about the effect the media has on young boys as wel . Summit 1, Third Edition
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5. When my great-grandparents were young, (many / most / much) women wore only dresses.
6. I’d say your friends could use (some / a little / a few) fashion advice.
7. There are (several / most / many) reasons so many young women have eating disorders.
8. A new study says that (most / many / every) children who watch TV for more than six
hours a day may have problems with self-esteem as teenagers.
D Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing: I have several great ideas.
He is late a majority of the time.
Few people came to the concert.
There is little hope for nice weather tomorrow.
More and more young girls try to stay thin. UNIT 5 PREVIEW B Vocabulary
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing:
An urban area has a lot of buildings, roads, and bridges; it is densely populated.
A rural area has few homes, buildings, and not many people.
The suburbs refer to an area on the outskirts of a major city where people live
E Understand idioms and expressions
1. look on the bright side
2. look out for each other 3. a mixed blessing
4. mind their own business
5. takes some getting used to 6. mean wel 7. got a lot to offer F Think and explain
1. It’s crowded and there’s lots of traffic, but there’s a lot to do.
2. It’s safe and wel -maintained, but he has nosy neighbors on his floor.
LESSON 1: Politely ask someone not to do something B Word study practice 1. inappropriate 2. discourteous 3. inexcusable 4. unimaginable 5. dishonest 6. unpleasant 7. irrational 8. immature Summit 1, Third Edition
Copyright © 2017 by Pearson Education, Inc. Duplication for classroom use is permit ed. Page 16 of 45 C Activate word study
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing:
1. It’s impolite to talk while you’re chewing.
2. It’s inappropriate to talk loudly in a movie.
3. It’s inexcusable to throw garbage on the street.
4. It’s discourteous to put your feet up on the seats of a train.
5. It’s dishonest to enter the subway without paying.
F Understand the grammar
1. “Do you mind my eating lunch at my desk?”
2. “Your brother’s not saying hel o to her was disrespectful.”
3. “Kevin’s not agreeing to remove his shoes in my house was kind of impolite.”
4. “Isn’t Paula’s honking her car horn early in the morning inexcusable?” 5. Correct G Grammar practice
2. I didn’t appreciate his texting his friends during the concert.
3. Does your mother object to their eating fast food in the car?
4. We don’t mind her talking on her cel phone.
5. I’m real y annoyed by my brother not apologizing.
LESSON 2: Complain about public conduct D Notice the grammar
Wel , for one thing, not only do we have to deal with bumper-to-bumper traffic every day, but
it’s almost impossible to find on-the-street parking. E Grammar practice
1. People should either speak up about what bothers them, or just learn to live with other people’s habits.
2. It’s not only rude when people talk on their phones in theaters, but also when they talk on them on busses.
3. Not only do I hate the smel of cigaret e smoke, but I also worry about the danger to my health.
4. Neither my uncle nor my grandparents are wil ing to give up smoking.
LESSON 3: Suggest ways to avoid being a victim of urban crime B Reading Answers wil vary. C Classify 1. a purse snatcher 2. a burglar 3. a pickpocket 4. muggers
D Understand meaning from context
1. e 2. a 3. b 4. d 5. c Summit 1, Third Edition
Copyright © 2017 by Pearson Education, Inc. Duplication for classroom use is permit ed. Page 17 of 45 E Critical thinking
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing:
1. While traveling, tourists might carry many bags and appear disoriented. They could be
easily distracted and pickpocketed.
2. A visitor shouldn’t appear lost. It’s a good idea to be alert and walk confidently.
LESSON 4: Discuss the meaning of community C Listen to summarize
The Ice Bucket Chal enge was a charity initiative to raise awareness and money for the fight against ALS. D Listen for details 1. $100 2. $100 mil ion 3. 21%
E Listen to confirm content 2, 3, 6 WRITING B Practice
1. Dear Professor Smith: 2. Dear Sir or Madam: 3. Dear Ms. Costa: 4. Dear Mr. Takata: 5. Dear Dr. Grimond: REVIEW
A 1. pickpocket . . . wal et . . . bus
2. mugger . . . money . . . friend 3. boy . . . purse
4. burglar . . . hotel room . . . laptop
B Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing:
1. Oh, sorry, I’l stop. 2. I apologize. 3. It’s very crowded. 4. My sister C 2. irresponsible 3. improper 4. inappropriate 5. disrespectful 6. unpleasant 7. dishonest 8. discourteous Summit 1, Third Edition
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D 1. Neither restaurants nor theaters should al ow smoking.
2. Smoking should be either banned or restricted.
3. Neither littering nor spitting offends me.
4. Not only loud music but loud people are rude. UNIT 6 PREVIEW
E Understand idioms and expressions
1. b 2. b 3. b 4. a 5. b
LESSON 1: Exchange opinions about the treatment of animals D Notice the grammar
I just don’t think animals should be cooped up in smal cages.
E Understand the grammar 1. should treat 2. shouldn’t be kept 3. have to be trained 4. can teach
5. shouldn’t be forced 6. have to be kil ed F Grammar practice
1. People shouldn’t be al owed to hunt elephants.
2. New medicines might be discovered through animal research.
3. Monkeys shouldn’t be kept as pets.
4. A lot could be done to improve conditions for cattle on factory farms.
5. The treatment of research animals must be improved.
6. Can’t zoos be used for performing scientific research to protect animals?
7. Why do chickens have to be raised in such crowded conditions?
LESSON 2: Discuss the pros and cons of certain pets
B Listen to activate vocabulary Pet Possible pros Possible cons 1 cat easy to take care of shedding 2 rabbit
not dangerous; good with children easily frightened 3
parrot friendly; love at ention can damage things by chewing 4 dog
would bark and scare away burglars; might hurt kids
reliable and attentive to owners Summit 1, Third Edition
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LESSON 3: Compare animal and human behavior B Apply new vocabulary Animals with claws Animals with hooves Animals with horns lions horses deer cats donkeys sheep
Birds with powerful beaks Animals that travel in Animals that gather in packs herds parrots wolves sheep owls dogs cat le
C Listen to define terms
Predators are animals that hunt other animals for food; prey are animals hunted by predators. D Listen for examples
1. They can confuse predators; predators may choose an animal outside the group.
2. They can use their combined intel igence to single out their prey; they can kil larger prey.
3. To lead the others in a group
4. The prey either defends itself or runs. E Listen for details
1. Instinct is behavior that animals are born with. Learned behavior comes through experience.
2. learning which hunting techniques work; a dog obeying commands F Think and explain
A: This is instinct; they don’t have to learn how to do this.
B: This is learned behavior; the baby rabbits learn from the mother what to do in danger.
C: This is instinct; an animal isn’t taught fight or flight. This behavior is programmed into animals at birth. G Apply ideas
Answers wil vary but may include the fol owing:
1. Lions are predators; they eat smal elephants, crocodiles, birds, rabbits. Crocodiles are
prey, but they are also predators; they eat fish, birds, and frogs. Fish, birds, and frogs eat worms; worms are prey.
2. Large groups of spectators at a bal game or concert might behave like a herd of
animals; groups of humans, like packs of animals, have a leader they fol ow.
LESSON 4: Debate the value of animal conservation B Reading
The survival of the buffalo was ensured by conservation ef orts.
C Understand meaning from context
1. b 2. b 3. c 4. a 5. c Summit 1, Third Edition
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D Recognize cause and effect
1. The passenger pigeon became extinct because (1) there was a large-scale commercial
enterprise in the mid-1800s supplying east coast cities with a steady supply of birds; (2)
their habitat and food sources were shrinking as forests were cut down for farming and
construction; (3) approximately 250,000 birds were kil ed simply for sport each year;
(4) female passenger pigeons laid only one egg each year. Conservation efforts were
started too late, and thus failed.
2. Settlers hunted buffalo often just for sport, but also because they were an obstacle to
growing crops and raising cattle. The buffalo came so close to extinction because entire
herds were slaughtered in the 1800s as new settlers moved from the East to set le in the West. WRITING B Practice 1. For one thing, 2. Many people think 3. However, 4. According to 5. For example, 6. To sum up, REVIEW A 1. c 2. a
B 1. b 2. c 3. b
C 1. gentle / good-natured 2. aggressive 3. loyal / devoted 4. destructive 5. low-maintenance 6. high strung 7. costly 8. playful D 1. flocks 2. amphibian 3. packs 4. claws 5. antlers 6. reptile 7. herd 8. hooves 9. beak Summit 1, Third Edition
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