TỪ VỰNG & NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 12 THEO TỪNG UNIT
UNIT 13: THE 22ND SEA GAMES
A. Vocabulary - Từ vựng tiếng Anh lớp 12 Unit 13 The 22nd Sea Games - take place: diễn ra
- Sea Games = Southeast Asian Games: Thế Vận Hội Đông Nam Á
- hold – held – held - be held: tổ chức
- host (n, v): nước chủ nhà - spirit (n): tinh thần
- enthusiast /inj‘θju:æst/ (n): người say mê
- enthusiasm (n): sự hăng hái, nhiệt tình
- enthusiastic (a): hăng hái, nhiệt tình
- solidarity (n): sự đoàn kết sự hợp tác
- co-operation (n): hợp tác - co-operate (v): hợp tác - co-operative (a)
- athlete (n): vận động viên
- participating country: nước tham gia thi đấu - compete (v): tranh tài
- competitor (n): người tranh tài
- compose of = consist of: bao gồm - close to: gần
- standing (n): vị trí, thứ hạng - rank (v): xếp hạng
- rank (n): vị trí, thứ hạng
- participant (n): người tham gia - present (v): trao tặng
- outstanding (a) = excellent (a): xuất sắc - event (n): sự kiện - defend (v): bảo vệ
- defense/ defence (n): sự bảo vệ - title (n) danh hiệu
- bodybuilding (n) thể dục thể hình
- energy (n) năng lượng, nghị lực
- energetic (a) đầy sinh lực - prepare for chuẩn bị - carry out thực hiện
- countryman – countrymen (n) đồng bào
- propose (v) + suggest (v) đề nghị
- proposal (n) = suggestion (n) lời đề nghị
- athletics (n) môn điền kinh
- cycling (n) chạy xe đạp
- odd (a) = strange (a) kì quặc - tempting (a) cám dỗ
- deal (n) sự thỏa thuận - clear (v) nhảy qua - podium (n) bục danh dự
- pole 'vaulting môn nhảy sào
- break a record phá kỷ lục
- jobless (a) = unemployed (a) thất nghiệp - attitude (n) thái độ - score a goal ghi bàn - defender (n) hậu vệ - midfielder (n) trung vệ
- attacker (n) = 'forward/ striker tiền đạo
B. Grammar - Ngữ pháp tiếng Anh lớp 12 Unit 13 The 22nd Sea Games
1. The simple past tense: Thì quá kh ứ đơn (+): S + V2/ -ed + O (-): S + didn't + V1 + O (?): Did + S + V1 + O?
Ex: Vietnam won 158 gold medals.
2. The + tính từ chỉ quốc tịch - Vietnam - the Vietnamese - Thailand - the Thai - Indonesia - the Indonesian - Malaysia - the Malaysian
- Philippines - the Filipino/ the Philippine
3. Wish clause: M ệnh đề mong ước
- Hiện tại: S + wish(es) + V2/-ed
- Quá khứ: S + wish(es) + had + V3/-ed
- Tương lai: S + wish(es) + would + V1
4. So sánh kép - Double comparison
A. Để diễn tả sự thay đổi theo thời gian của sự kiện, chúng ta dùng so sánh kép (double comparative / comparison).
4. 1. Tăng dần (Gradual increae)
S + V + comparative and comparative
a. Tính từ/Trạng từ ngắn (Short adjectives / adverbs).
S + V + adj/ ad+ER + and + adj/adv. ER.
e.g.: The prices of goods get higher and higher.
(Giá hàng hóa càng ngày càng cao.)
b. Tính từ / Trạng từ dài (Long adjectives / adverbs)
S + V + more and more + adj/ adv.
e.g.: The exercises get more and more difficult.
(Bài tập (càng) ngày càng khó hơn.)
4.2. Gi ảm dần (Gradual decrease)
S + V + less and less + adj/ adv
e.g.: He seems to get less und less attentive.
(Anh ấy dường như ngày càng ít chăm chỉ hơn.)
The polar climate gets less and less cold.
(Khí hậu địa cực ngày càng ít lạnh hơn.)
B. Để diễn tả mối tương quan nguyên nhân - hậu quả của sự biến đổi của hai sự
kiện chúng ta dùng:
Comparative + S + V, comparative + S+ V.
1. Tăng dần (Gradual increase)
a. Tính từ/Trạng từ (With adjectives / Adverbs)
a1. Tính từ / Trạng từ ngắn (Short adjectives /adverbs)
The + adj / adv + HR + S + V.....
e.g.: The stronger the wind is, the higher the waves get.
(Gió càng mạnh, sóng càng cao.)
The harder he studies, the better he gets.
(Học càng chăm, anh ấy càng giỏi hơn.)
a2. Tính từ/Trạng từ dài (Long adjs/advs)
The more + adj. / adv. + S + V
e.g.: The more comfonable the hold is, the more expensive the rents are. (Khách sạn càng tiện nghi, giá thuê càng đắt.) b. Danh từ (With nouns) The more + noun + S + V.
e.g.: The more books you read, the more knowledge you can get.
(Càng đọc nhiều sách, bạn càng có nhiều kiến thức.) c. Động từ (With verbs)
e.g.: The more he earns, the more he wants.
(Càng kiếm được nhiều (tiền), anh ấy càng muốn hơn.)
2. Giảm dần (Gradual decrease)
Để diễn tả sự giảm dần, chúng ta chỉ cần thêm “THE LESS" trước tính từ, trạng từ, danh từ hoặc động từ.
e.g.: The less attentive he is, the less he understands the lessons.
(Càng ít chăm chỉ, anh ấy càng ít hiểu bài.)
The less carefully he drives, the fewer passengers he gets.
(Càng lái xe ít cẩn thận, anh ấy càng có ít hành khách.)
C. Dạng tỉnh lược (Some elliptical forms) The comparative, the better.
e.g.: The mure, the better. (Càng nhiều càng tốt.).
The faster, the better. (Càng nhanh càng tốt.) The comparative, the merrier.
e.g.: The more crowded, the merrier. (Càng đông càng vui.)
Bài tập tiếng Anh Unit 13 lớp 12 The 22nd Sea Games có đáp án
I. Pronunciation: Linking 1. a. trained b. proved c. impressed d. performed 2. a. games b. teams c. medals d. events 3. a. competitor b. medal c. level d. development 4. a. honor b. high c. host d. hold 5. a. development b. cooperation c. surprisingly d. facility 6. a. festival b. badminton c. participant d. organize
Đáp án: 1 - c; 2 - d; 3 - d; 4 - a; 5 - b; 6 - c;
II. Choose the correct answ er.
1. Johnny used to be one of the most _________ athletes in my country. a. succeed b. success c. successful d. successfully
2. The 22nd SEA Games consisted of athletes from eleven ________ countries. a. participate b. participant c. participation d. participating
3. The ASEAN Para-Games are hosted by the same country where the SEA Games took place. a. organized b. impressed c. participated d. defended
4. How many ___________ took part in the 22nd SEA Games? a. compete b. competitors c. competition d. competitor
5. Before the 22nd SEA Games, Vietnam had made a good ___________ in every aspect. a. prepare b. preparation c. preparative d. preparer
6. The success of the 22nd SEA Games had a great contribution of many _________ volunteers. a. support b. supporter c. supportive d. supportively
7. Thanks to the progress of science and technology, our lives have become _____________. a. more and more good b. better and better c. the more and more good d. gooder and gooder
8. The Sears Tower is _________ building in Chicago. a. taller b. the more tall c. the tallest d. taller and taller
9. Peter is ____________________ John.
a. younger and more intelligent than
b. more young and intelligent than
c. more intelligent and younger than
d. the more intelligent and younger than
10. As she did so, her parents became ___________ . a. the angriest b. the most angry c. the more angry d. angrier and angrier
11. People should eat ___________ and do _________ to reduce the risk of heart disease. a. less fat/ more exercise
b. less and less fat/ the more exercise
c. the less fat/ the more exercise d. fatter/ more exercise
12. He spent a year in India and loves spicy food. ____________ the food is, _________ he likes it.
a. The hotter/ the more and more b. The hotter/ the more
c. The more and more hot/ the more d. The hottest/ the most
13._______ live in Ho Chi Minh City than in the whole of the rest of the country. a. As much as people b. More people c. As many as people d. People more
14. It gets __________ to understand what the professor has explained. a. the more difficult b. more difficult than c. difficult more and more d. more and more difficult
15. We _________ touch since we ____________ school three years ago. a. lost/ have left b. have lost/ leave c. have lost/ left d. were losing/ had left
16. What __________ when the fire alarm ________ off? a. are you doing/ will go b. have you done/ would go c. were you doing/ went d. will you do/ are going
17. My glasses are in my book bag, but I don't remember............... them there. a. putting b. to put c. I put d. put
18. I'd like.................... somewhere different for a change. a. to go b. going c. go d. to have gone
19. He agreed.................the job as soon as possible. a. start b. starting c. to start d. to be started
20. Look at those windows! They really need................... a. to clean b. cleaning c. to be cleaned d. b and c are correct Đáp án
1 - c; 2 - d; 3 - a; 4 - b; 5 - b;
6 - c; 7 - b; 8 - c; 9 - a; 10 - d;
11 - a; 12 - b; 13 - b; 14 - b; 15 - d;
16 - c; 17 - a; 18 - a; 19 - c; 20 - d;
III. Choose the best answ ers
1. I wish I ----------------- a car. It would make life so much easier. A. have B. would have C. had D. had had
2. She wishes she ---------------- the most famous person in the world. A. had been B. will be C. was D. were
3. I was late for work this morning. I wish I ----------------- late. A. had been B. were C. hadn’t been D. weren’t
4. I can’t speak Chinese. I wish I ---------------- speak Chinese. A. can B. could C. were D. was
5. I regretted not telling him what happened last night. I wish I --------------------- him. A. would tell B. told C. had told D. hadn’t told
Đáp án: 1 - C; 2 - D; 3 - C; 4 - B; 5 - C;
IV. Choose the best answ ers
1. I have not seen her for 2 months.
A. It's 2 months since I last saw her
B. It's two months after I last saw her.
C. I haven't seen her since 2 months ago
D. I didn't see her for 2 months.
2. The train had already left before I got to the station.
A. When I got to the station, the train had already left.
B. When I get to the station, the train has already left.
C. The train left after I had got to the station.
D. The train already left when I was getting to the station.
3. The last time I saw this film was three years ago.
A. I haven't seen this film for three years ago.
B. I haven't seen this film since three years.
C. I didn't see this film for three years.
D. I haven't seen this film for three years.
4. Lan doesn't have enough time to make her wedding cake.
A. If Lan had more time, she would make her wedding cake.
B. If Lan had more time, she would have made her wedding cake.
C. Lan will make her wedding cake if she has more time.
D. Lan will make her wedding cake unless she has more time.
5. This is the first time they have been to England.
A. They have never been to England before. B. They went to England once.
C. They haven't been to England so far.
D. They have been to England many times.