Adverb clause exercises môn English | Đại học kinh tế Quốc dân

lOMoAR cPSD| 58511332 Adverbial Clauses
Add an appropriate subordinator to the appropriate sentence in each pair to form an adverbial
clause and combine it with the independent clause.
E.g.: People had to hunt for food. They had continuous moderate exercise. (Time) →
When people had to hunt for food, they had continuous moderate exercise.
1. We watched the robins. They raised their young in our apple tree. (Time)
We watched the robins AS / WHILE they raised their young in our apple tree.
2. Becky read the book. It was recommended by a friend. (Reason)
Becky read the book BECAUSE / AS / SINCE it was recommended by a friend.
3. Dad donates his suits to charity. He has worn them a year. (Time)
Dad donates his suits to charity AFTER he has worn them a year.
4. The policemen delayed the drivers. The wrecks were cleared. (Time)
The policemen delayed the drivers UNTIL the wrecks were cleared.
5. Ann ate an apple. She studied her vocabulary. (Time)
Ann ate an apple AS / WHILE she studied her vocabulary.
6. Frank started medical training. He drove a forklift for a living. (Time)
BEOFRE Frank started medical training, he drove a forklift for a living.
7. The rains had started the mud slides. The homes were not safe to live in. (Reason)
BECAUSE / AS / SINCE the rains had started the mud slides, the homes were not
safe to live in.
8. Older people love to sit in the park. They feed the birds and visit. (Time)
Older people love to sit in the park WHILE they feed the birds and visit.
9. I enjoyed camping out. I was much younger. (Time)
I enjoyed camping out WHEN I was much younger.
10. Joe recognized the man. The man had stopped his car to help. (Time)
Joe recognized the man AFTER the man had stopped his car to help.
11. Everyone should know what to do. An earthquake strikes. (Time)
Everyone should know what to do WHEN an earthquake strikes. lOMoAR cPSD| 58511332
12. People were eating a lot of protein. They were living on farms. (Time)
People were eating a lot of protein WHILE they were living on farms.
13. People moved to urban areas. They had less protein in their diet. (Time)
AFTER people moved to urban areas, they had less protein in their diet.
14. Our eating habits changed. Food processing methods improved. (Time)
Our eating habits changed AS food processing methods improved.
15. If you are inside, move away from windows, and get under a desk or table, or stand in a
doorway. You feel the floor begin to shake. (Time)
If you are inside, move away from windows, and get under a desk or table, or stand
in a doorway WHEN you feel the floor begin to shake.
16. Try to stay calm. The earthquake is happening. (Time)
Try to stay calm WHILE the earthquake is happening.
17. Don’t move. The floor stops shaking. (Time)
Don’t move UNTIL the floor stops shaking.
18. You are sure the earthquake is over. You may begin to move around. (Time)
AS SOON AS you are sure the earthquake is over, you may begin to move around.
19. You have checked carefully for fallen power lines. You may go outside. (Time)
AFTER you have checked carefully for fallen power lines, you may go outside.
20. People prefer to shop. Credit cards are accepted. (Place)
People prefer to shop WHERE credit cards are accepted.
21. Most people prefer to shop. They can be sure of quality. (Place)
Most people prefer to shop WHERE they can be sure of quality.
22. I go shopping. I use my credit cards. (Time)
WHENEVER I go shopping, I use my credit cards.
23. Europeans are in some ways better environmentalists than North Americans. They are
more used to conserving energy. (Reason)
Europeans are in some ways better environmentalists than North Americans
BECAUSE / AS / SINCE they are more used to conserving energy. lOMoAR cPSD| 58511332
24. Many Europeans live, work, and shop in the same locale. They are quite accustomed to
riding bicycles, trains, and streetcars to get around. (Reason)
BECAUSE / AS / SINCE many Europeans live, work, and shop in the same locale,
they are quite accustomed to riding bicycles, trains, and streetcars to get around.
25. The price of gasoline has always been quite high in Europe. If a European owns an
automobile, it is likely to be a high-mileage model that uses diesel fuel. (Reason)
BECAUSE / AS / SINCE the price of gasoline has always been quite high in Europe,
if a European owns an automobile, it is likely to be a high-mileage model that uses diesel fuel.
26. Electricity is expensive. Europeans buy energy-saving household appliances such as
washing machines that use less water. (Reason)
BECAUSE / AS / SINCE electricity is expensive, Europeans buy energy-saving
household appliances such as washing machines that use less water.
27. Europeans experienced hardship and deprivation during and after World War II. They are used to conserving. (Reason)
BECAUSE / AS / SINCE Europeans experienced hardship and deprivation during
and after World War II, they are used to conserving.
28. European nations are trying to reduce the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes global warming. (Reason)
European nations are trying to reduce the level of carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere. BECAUSE / AS / SINCE it causes global warming.
29. Coal pol utes the air and gives off a lot of carbon dioxide. Most European nations have
switched to natural gas or nuclear power to produce electricity. (Reason)
BECAUSE / AS / SINCE coal pollutes the air and gives off a lot of carbon dioxide,
most European nations have switched to natural gas or nuclear power to produce electricity.
30. In the United States, in contrast, 56% of the nation’s electricity is generated by burning
coal. Coal is cheap and plentiful. (Reason)
In the United States, in contrast, 56% of the nation’s electricity is generated by
burning coal BECAUSE / AS / SINCE coal is cheap and plentiful.
31. The parliamentary system in Europe is different. A European head of government has more
power than an American President to force industry to make environment-friendly changes. (Reason) lOMoAR cPSD| 58511332
BECAUSE / AS / SINCE the parliamentary system in Europe is different, a European
head of government has more power than an American President to force industry
to make environment-friendly changes.
32. New textbooks are expensive. Many students buy used ones. (Result)
New textbooks are SO expensive THAT many students buy used ones.
33. The cost of education is rising rapidly. Students are looking for ways to cut costs. (Result)
The cost of education is rising SO rapidly THAT students are looking for ways to cut costs.
34. The library is a big place. I couldn’t find the book I needed. (Result)
The library is SUCH a big place THAT I couldn’t find the book I needed.
35. There is always much noise in the dormitory. I can’t study there. (Result)
There is always SO much noise in the dormitory THAT I can’t study there.
36. There are many students waiting in line to register for classes. I decided to come back later. (Result)
There are SO many students waiting in line to register for classes THAT I decided
to come back later.
37. Anthropological museums have realistic displays. A visitor can gain insight into the
lifestyles of ancient people. (Result)
Anthropological museums have SUCH realistic displays THAT a visitor can gain
insight into the life-styles of ancient people.
38. The Ancient Peru exhibit was popular. It was held over for two weeks. (Result)
The Ancient Peru exhibit was SO popular THAT it was held over for two weeks.
39. The artifacts were of historic value. Anthropologists from several universities came to study them. (Result)
The artifacts were of SUCH historic value THAT anthropologists from several
universities came to study them.
40. The exhibits were precious. A museum guard was posted in every room. (Result)
The exhibits were SO precious THAT a museum guard was posted in every room.
41. Computer graphics allowed the exhibit’s curators to present the lives of ancient Peruvians
realistically. You felt that you were actually there. (Result) lOMoAR cPSD| 58511332
Computer graphics allowed the exhibit’s curators to present the lives of ancient
Peruvians SO realistically THAT you felt that you were actually there.
42. There were many exhibits. We couldn’t see all of them. (Result)
There were SO many exhibits THAT we couldn’t see all of them.
43. Farmers use chemical pesticides. They can grow bigger harvests. (Purpose)
Farmers use chemical pesticides IN ORDER TO / SO AS TO grow bigger harvests.
Farmers use chemical pesticides SO THAT / IN ORDER THAT they can grow bigger harvests.
44. Farmers also spray their fields. Consumers might enjoy unblemished fruits and vegetables. (Purpose)
Farmers also spray their fields SO THAT / IN ORDER THAT consumers might enjoy
unblemished fruits and vegetable.
45. Chemists are constantly creating new products in the laboratory. People can have
substitutes for scarce or unavailable products. (Purpose)
Chemists are constantly creating new products in the laboratory SO THAT / IN
ORDER THAT people can have substitutes for scarce or unavailable products.
46. Chemicals are used in many food products. They wil stay fresh long. (Purpose)
Chemicals are used in many food products SO THAT/ IN ORDER THAT they will stay fresh long.
47. They can increase food crops. Most farmers use chemical fertilizers and pesticides. (Purpose)
Most farmers use chemical fertilizers and pesticides IN ORDER TO/SO AS TO
increase food crops.
Most farmers use chemical fertilizers and pesticides SO THAT/ IN ORDER THAT
they can increase food crops.
48. They can produce organic crops. Some farmers use only natural pest control methods. (Purpose)
IN ORDER TO/SO AS TO produce organic crops, some farmers use only natural
pest control methods.
Some farmers use only natural pest control methods SO THAT/ IN ORDER THAT
they can produce organic crops.
49. People pay more for organic farm produce. They can avoid food with chemicals. (Purpose) lOMoAR cPSD| 58511332
People pay more for organic farm produce IN ORDER TO / SO AS TO avoid food with chemicals.
People pay more for organic farm produce SO THAT/ IN ORDER THAT they can
avoid food with chemicals.
50. They might avoid potential health risks. They prefer eating organic food. (Purpose) IN
ORDER TO/SO AS TO avoid potential health risks, they prefer eating organic food.
They prefer eating organic food SO THAT/ IN ORDER THAT they might avoid
potential health risks.
51. Beethoven wrote some of the Western world’s greatest music. He became totally deaf in mid-life. (Concession)
Beethoven wrote some of the Western world’s greatest music ALTHOUGH /
THOUGH / EVEN THOUGH he became totally deaf in mid-life.
52. Global warming is a real problem. Governments have been slow to take action. (Concession)
ALTHOUGH / THOUGH / EVEN THOUGH global warming is a real problem,
governments have been slow to take action.
53. Korea is becoming an economic power. It is a small country with few natural resources. (Concession)
Korea is becoming an economic power ALTHOUGH / THOUGH / EVEN THOUGH it
is a small country with few natural resources.
54. Abraham Lincoln became one of the greatest presidents of the United States. He came
from humble origins. (Concession)
Abraham Lincoln became one of the greatest presidents of the United States
ALTHOUGH / THOUGH / EVEN THOUGH he came from humble origins.
55. Scientists know why earthquakes happen. They are stil not able to predict them. (Concession)
ALTHOUGH / THOUGH / EVEN THOUGH scientists know why earthquakes happen,
they are still not able to predict them.
56. Fax machines appeared only recently. They are now the preferred means of transmitting
business documents. (Concession)
ALTHOUGH / THOUGH / EVEN THOUGH fax machines appeared only recently, they
are now the preferred means of transmitting business documents. lOMoAR cPSD| 58511332
57. San Francisco is very cool during the summer. San Juan is extremely hot. (Contrast)
San Francisco is very cool during the summer, WHILE / WHEREAS San Juan is extremely hot.
58. The West Coast suffered a severe drought. The East Coast had heavy rainfall. (Contrast)
WHILE the West Coast suffered a severe drought, the East Coast had heavy rainfall.
59. The Northwest rainfall averages hundreds of inches annually. The Southwest averages
less than twelve inches per year. (Contrast)
The Northwest rainfall averages hundreds of inches annually, WHILE / WHEREAS
the Southwest averages less than twelve inches per year.
60. The air is pol uted in industrial areas. The air is clean in many rural areas. (Contrast) The
air is polluted in industrial areas, WHILE / WHEREAS it is clean in many rural areas.
61. Smokers claim the right to smoke in public places. Nonsmokers claim the right to clean air. (Contrast)
Smokers claim the right to smoke in public places, WHILE / WHEREAS
nonsmokers claim the right to clean air.
62. College graduates with degrees in technology are in demand. Graduates with degrees in music are not. (Contrast)
WHILE college graduates with degrees in technology are in demand, graduates
with degrees in music are not.
63. The most recent spacecraft landed in the desert. Earlier spaceships splashed down in the ocean. (Contrast)
The most recent spacecraft landed in the desert, WHILE / WHEREAS earlier
spaceships splashed down in the ocean.
64. He checked that the road was clear. He drove away. (Time).
He checked that the road was clear BEFORE he drove away.
65. It was extremely dark. The lights were switched off. (Time)
It was extremely dark AFTER the lights were switched off.
66. I can’t be certain. We may change our plans if the weather is good. (Reason)
I can’t be certain BECAUSE / AS / SINCE we may change our plans if the weather is good. lOMoAR cPSD| 58511332
67. The girls were eating burgers. We saw them at lunchtime. (Time)
The girls were eating burgers WHEN we saw them at lunchtime.
68. They have been much happier. They won the lottery last year. (Time)
They have been much happier SINCE they won the lottery last year.
69. He was always very quiet. His sister was the opposite. (Contrast)
He was always very quiet WHILE / WHEREAS his sister was the opposite.
70. You set out the parts. I’m trying to work out the instructions. (Time)
You set out the parts WHILE I’m trying to work out the instructions.
71. I wil not sing tonight. My agent checks the contract. (Time)
I will not sing tonight UNTIL / BEFORE my agent checks the contract.
72. We wil stil have a picnic. The weather’s good or bad. (Conditional Concessive) We will
still have a picnic WHETHER the weather’s good or bad.
73. We go for a lot of walks. The weather is good. (Time)
We go for a lot of walks WHENEVER the weather is good.
74. The rug was very expensive. It has been woven by hand. (Reason)
The rug was very expensive BECAUSE / AS / SINCE it has been woven by hand.
75. Keep the mask and gloves on. You don’t want the bees to sting you. (Condition) Keep the
mask and gloves on IF you don’t want the bees to sting you.
76. The table soon fell apart. The screws they had used were far too short. (Reason) The table
soon fell apart BECAUSE / AS / SINCE the screws they had used were far too short.
77. The man had stopped shouting. He was stil extremely angry. (Concession)
The man had stopped shouting THOUGH / ALTHOUGH / EVEN THOUGH he was still
extremely angry.
78. James turned red with embarrassment. It was his turn to speak. (Time)
James turned red with embarrassment WHEN it was his turn to speak.
79. The vet worked on the injured horses. There was little chance of survival. (Concession)
The vet worked on the injured horses ALTHOUGH / THOUGH / EVEN THOUGH there
was little chance of survival. lOMoAR cPSD| 58511332
80. The roof needed six new tiles. They were blown off during the storm. (Reason)
The roof needed six new tiles BECAUSE they were blown off during the storm.