Bài tập nhóm Nguyên lý kế toán - Tài liệu tham khảo | Đại học Hoa Sen

CHAPTER 1 TASK Brief NAME Question Question Exercise Problem A 1 Phát 2, 8 BE1-5 E1-7 P1-3A E1-2 2 Thuận 7, 13 BE1-6 E1-6 P1-1A E1-1 3 Minh 16, 17 BE1-1 E1-5 P1-2A E 1-3 4 Hương 9,10,11 BE 1 -2 E 1-4 E1-8 5 Thảo 3,12 BE1-8 E1-10 CHAPTER 2 TASK Brief NAME Question Question Exercise Problem A E2-5 1 Phát 1,11 BE2-3 E2-6 E2-2 2 Thuận 7,8 BE2-1 E2-3 3 Minh 6, 9 BE2-2 E2-1 P2-1A 4 Hương 9,10 BE 2-4 E 2-4 P2 - 2A 5 Thảo 18,5 BE2-5, BE2-10 E2-7 P2-3A Chapter 1 1. Glossary
1.accounting: Kế toán
2.accounting equation: Phương trình kế toán 3. assets : Tài sản 4. auditing: Kiểm toán
5. balance sheet : Bảng cân đối kế toán
6. CPA: Chứng chỉ dùng để chỉ những kiểm toán viên có trình độ được
chứng nhận trên toàn cầu 7. corporation: Tập đoàn 8. dividends: Cổ tức 9. expenses: Chi phí
10. financial accounting: Kế toán tài chính
11. Financial Accounting Standards Board: Hợp đồng chuẩn mực kế toán tài chính
12. financial statements: Báo cáo tài chính
13. historical cost principle: Một nguyên tắc kế toán quy định rằng các công
ty nên ghi lại tài sản theo giá gốc.
14. income statement: Một báo cáo tài chính trình bày doanh thu và chi phí
và kết quả là thu nhập ròng hoặc lỗ ròng của một công ty trong một khoảng thời gian cụ thể.
15. internal auditor: Kiểm toán nội bộ là một chức năng đánh giá độc lập
bên trong tổ chức, để kiểm tra và đánh giá các hoạt động của tổ chức, như
là một hoạt động phục vụ tổ chức
16. International Accounting Standards Board: Cơ quan thiết lập chuẩn
mực kế toán ban hành các chuẩn mực được nhiều quốc gia bên ngoài Hoa Kỳ áp dụng.
17. liabilities: Yêu cầu của chủ nợ so với tổng tài sản.
18. net income: Số tiền mà doanh thu vượt quá chi phí.
19. net loss: Số tiền mà chi phí vượt quá doanh thu.
20. owner investments: Các khoản đầu tư của chủ sở hữu
21. owners' equity: Vốn chủ sở hữu
22. partnership: Một doanh nghiệp thuộc sở hữu của hai hoặc nhiều người
được liên kết với tư cách là đối tác
23. public accounting: Kế toán công chứng là thuật ngữ dùng để chỉ lĩnh
vực chuyên môn trong đó các hoạt động liên quan đến nghề nghiệp kế
toán được cung cấp cho các cá nhân, doanh nghiệp, tổ chức dưới dạng dịch vụ.
24. retained earnings: Thu nhập ròng được giữ (giữ lại) trong doanh nghiệp.
25. revenue: Sự gia tăng tổng vốn chủ sở hữu của các cổ đông do các
hoạt động kinh doanh được thực hiện nhằm mục đích kiếm thu nhập.
26. sole proprietorship: Doanh nghiệp tư nhân là một hình thức kinh doanh
mà một người sở hữu và điều hành toàn bộ doanh nghiệp.
27. statement of retained earnings: là một báo cáo tài chính ghi lại những
thay đổi về lợi nhuận giữ lại của một công ty trong một khoảng thời gian xác định. 2. Questions
2. Identify and describe the steps in the accounting process. Three Activities:
1. Identification: Select economic events (transactions)
2. Recording: record, classify, and summarize
3. Communication: prepare accounting reports
3. (a) Who are internal users of accounting data?
(b) How does accounting provide relevant data to these users?
a. Internal users are people within a business organization who use
financial information. Examples of internal users are owners, managers, and employees.
a. Accounting provides guidelines and standards on how to prepare
and present financial statements or reports. It helps in the
preparation and presentation of the balance sheet, cash flow, and income statements. 7.
The monetary unit assumption requires that companies include in the
accounting records only transaction data that can be expressed in money
terms. This assumption enables accounting to quantify (measure)
economic events. The monetary unit assumption is vital to applying the historical cost principle.
This assumption prevents the inclusion of some relevant information in the
accounting records. For example, the health of a company’s owner, the
quality of service, and the morale of employees are not included. The
reason: Companies cannot quantify this information in money terms.
Though this information is important, companies record only events that can be measured in money.
8. What is the economic entity assumption?
Answer: An economic entity can be any organization or unit in society. It
may be a company, a governmental unit, a municipality, a school district, or
a church. The economic entity assumption requires that the activities of the
entity be kept separate and distinct from the activities of its owner and all other economic entities.
9. There are three common types of businesses—sole proprietorship,
partnership, and corporation—and each comes with its own set of advantages and disadvantages.
There are three common types of businesses—sole proprietorship,
partnership, and corporation—and each comes with its own set of advantages and disadvantages. 10.
One of the advantages Juana would enjoy is that ownership of a
corporation is represented by transferable shares of stock. This would allow
Juana to raise money easily by selling a part of her ownership in the
company. Another advantage is that because holders of the shares
(stockholders) enjoy limited liability, they are not personally liable for the
debts of the corporate entity. Also, because ownership can be transferred
without dissolving the corporation, the corporation enjoys an unlimited life. 11.
The accounting equation is a basic principle of accounting and a
fundamental element of the balance sheet. The equation is as follows:
Assets = Liabilities + Shareholder’s Equity 12.
(a) Define the terms assets liabilities and stockholder’s equity
Assets are the total of your cash, the items that you have purchased, and
any money that your customers owe you.
Liabilities are the total amount of money that you owe to creditors.
Stockholders' equity represents the cumulative net contributions by
stockholders plus retained earnings. 13. (g), (i), (b) 16.
a. Paid cash for janitorial services: Assets will be decreased, and decrease in stakeholder equity.
b. Purchased equipment for cash: assets don change
c. Invested cash in the business: assets are increased, and the owner's equity also increases
d. Paid account payable in full: decrease the assets, a decrease in liabilities. 17.
Income statement: (a) Service revenue: (c) Advertising expense: (f) Salaries and wage payable
Balance sheet: (b) Equipment: (d) Account reveivable
Retained Earnings statement: (e) Retained earnings 3. Brief Excercises BE1-1 Assets = Liabilitie + Stockholders' Equity s (a) $78,000 $50,000 $28,000 (b) $115,000 $45,000 $70,000 (c ) $94,000 $34,000 $60,000 BE1-2 Answer of Part a:
Holland Company’s Total Assets = $120,000 + $232,000
Holland Company’s Total Assets = $352,000 Answer of Part b:
Holland Company’s Total Liabilities = $190,000 - $86,000
Holland Company’s Total Liabilities = $104,000 Answer of Part c:
Holland Company’s Stockholders Equity = $600,000 – ($600,000 × ½ ×1/2)
Holland Company’s Stockholders Equity = $600,000 - $300,000
Holland Company’s Stockholders Equity = $300,000 BE1-5
BE1-5 Indicate whether each of the following items is an asset (A), liability (L), or part of stockholder's equity (SE). a. Accounts receivable: A
a. Salaries and wages payable: SE a. Equipment: A a. Supplies: A a. Owner’s investment: SE a. Notes payable: L BE1-6 a)
Asset = liabilities + stockholders’ equity Increase Increase NE b)
Asset = liabilities + stockholders’ equity Increase NE Increase c)
Asset = liabilities + stockholders’ equity Decrease NE Increase BE1-8 a. Advertising expense: E a. Service revenue: R a. Insurance Expense: E a. Salaries and wages : E a. Dividends: D a. Rent revenue: R a. Utilities expense: E 4. Excercises E1-1 1.Analyzing and
Communcating This task can only be performed interpreting
after the information has been information.
identified and recorded and has to
do with producing clear, useful reports 2. Classifying Recording After transactions has been economic events. identified, they need to be
classified in order to be recorded 3. Explaining uses,
Communicating Users must be made aware of this meaning, and limitations of data. 4. Keeping a Identifying The diary would be used to systematic identify transactions chronological diary of events. 5. Measuring events
This is essential in the recording in dollars and cents. phase Recording
Communicating Reports are prepared after all recording has been done 6. Preparing accounting reports. 7. Reporting
Communicating Accounting reports are the information in a formats used to communicate standard format. data consistently 8. Accounting
Communicating After completing the accounting reports can include
operations, it is necessary to economic
make predictions and reports to summaries the company 9. Summarizing
Communicating Accounting reports can include economic events economic summaries E1-2 a) Customers: E
Securities and Exchange Commission: I Store manager: I Internal Revenue Service: E Labor unions: E Suppliers: I Marketing manager: I Production supervisor: I Vice president of finance: I
b) Can we afford to give our employees a pay raise?: I
Did the company earn a satisfactory income?: I
Do we need to borrow in the near future?: I
How does the company's profitability compare to other companies?: E
What does it cost us to manufacture each unit produced?: E
Which product should we emphasize?: I
Will the company be able to pay its short-term debts?: E E1-3
If Sharon would agree to the idea of the president, she would be violating
the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). According to GAAP,
land cannot be classified in the financial statements on its fair value. Cost
principle should be followed when reporting land on the financial
statements. This would be a collusion (fraud) among them if she agrees to
the idea of the president of the company. E1-4
1. Incorrect, cost principle 2. correct, Monetary 3. Economic entity assumption E1-5
Asset: Cash: Equiment; Supplies; Accounts reveiable
Liabilitises: Account payable; notes payable; Salaries and wages payable
Stockholder’s equity: common stock E1-6
1. Increase in assets and increase in stockholders’ equity
2. Decrease in assets and decrease in stockholders’ equity
3. Increase in assets and increase in liabilities
4. Increase in assets and increase in stockholders’ equity
5. Decrease in assets and Decrease in stockholders’ equity
6. No effect on assets and stockholders’ equity
7. Decrease in assets and increase in liabilities
8. No effect on assets and stockholders’ equity
9. Increase in assets and increase in stockholders’ equity E1-7
Keystone Computer Timeshare Company entered into the following transactions during May 2015.
QUESTION 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ANSWER C D A B D B E F E1-8 (a)
1. Shareholders invested $15,000 cash in the business.
2. Purchased equipment for $5,000, paying $2,000 in cash and the balance of $3,000 on account.
3. Paid $750 cash for supplies.
4. Earned $9,100 in revenue, receiving $4,600 cash and $4,500 on account.
5. Paid $1,500 cash on accounts payable.
6. Paid $2,000 cash dividends to shareholders. 7. Paid $650 cash for rent.
8. Collected $450 cash from clients on account.
9. Paid salaries and wages of $3,900.