Listening : 293
1.What is the percentage of U.S persons on the watch list?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2.Which cities have seen ISIS terror attacks now?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. In what way does the law of privacy affect the terror watch list?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.What is special about the chair ?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5. What is the chair like?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 295:
6.How many victims has the 2016 climbing season claimed now?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. Why do most people make an attempt to climb Everest in April and May?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. Why is above 26,000 feet known as the death zone?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. What really attracts many climbers to Mount Everest?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
10. Why is there a decrease in the number of tourists to Egypt?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. Choose the best answers: Vocabulary:
1.His bruises added …………..to his statement that he had been beaten.
a. credence b. stature . c. guile . d. affinity
2. She opened a window to allow the smoke from the burnt meal to………………..
a. debilitate b. extricate c. dissipate d. evaporate
3. Their …………….goal was to clean up government corruption, but their real aim was to unseat the government. a. posthumous
b. ostensible c. laborious d. express
4. The abandoned warehouse was used by smugglers to hide………………..
a. merchandise b. spoils c. fodder d. contraband
5. Many hours of ………..preparation have gone into writing the book.
a. equivocal b. magnanimous c.garrulous d. meticulous
6. He decided to withdraw from the powerboat race as he had a(n)…………………..of danger.
a. interim b. foreboding c. dearth d. prediction
7. Mother Nature has provided the island with a………………..supply of natural resources.
a. vociferous b. viable c. gregarious d. bountiful
8. When he started that company, he really went -…………………………. It might have been a disaster.
a. out on the limb b. on and off c. over the odds d. once too often
9. He's doing………………………… again, this time for armed robbery.
a. gauntlet b. powder c. skeleton d. porridge
10. Your theory is just that - a theory unsupported by facts. It just doesn't……………….
a. make waves b. hold water c. wear thin d. stay afloat
11. The nervous job candidate took a deep breath and tried to…………………herself.
a. subdue b. compose c. wrestle d. strike
12. He was…………………………..embarrassed when the boss criticized him in front of the entire staff.
a. indefinitely b. laudably c. rigorously d. acutely
13. The abandoned house had a garden that was literally…………………..with weeds.
a. choked b. thriving c. embellished d. bulging
14. The soldiers seemed……………………as they prepared for the battle.
a. unappreciative b. ubiquitous c. undaunted d. unanimous
15. She was …………………with guilt when she realized that the accident had been her fault.
a. consumed b. ravaged c. devoured d. dazzled
16. The world's first boot camp for teenagers addicted to the Internet may be the…………….of things to come.
a. draft b. formula c. character d. shape
17. Police have………………….a plot to kidnap the daughter of a wealthy businessman.
a. shunned b. foiled c. seized d. executed
18. She knew her father………………..when he threatened to ground her if she failed the test.
a. was begging the question b. hit the nail on the head
c. meant business d. was a glutton for punishment
19. The film is a…………………..reminder of life in small town America in the 1960s.
a. preordained b. pungent c. poignant d. protruding
20. The launching of the Soviet Sputnik in 1957………………a subsequent space race with the U.S.
a. touched off b. blew up c. finished off d. wrapped up
21. My new hiking boots will be great once I've…………….them…………………..
a. broken - in b. put - through c. taken - to d. fixed - up
22. Helen was wearing such strange clothes that we were all taken……….. It took us some times to get ….. the shock.
a. over - through b. aback - over c. down - off d. off- forward
23. The area of investigation was roped……………….and marked………………..with luminous tape.
a. up-down b. out-up c. apart -off d. off-out
24. I was going to get the flu last week but I manage to………………….
a. deal it in b. beat it off c. fight it off d. give it away
25. When the teacher looked up, the children dissolved………………….. giggles. a. in b. into c. out d. for
26. We were taken out for a meal…………………..the company's expense. a. for b. in c. at d. from
27. It is time once again to elect an officer………………………..that position. a. to b. as c. for d. in
28. The money was given to the museum………………….the proviso that it is spent on operating costs.
a. for . b. on c. under d. with
29.The kitchen of the holiday cottage looked ………………rather than beautiful. a.utilitarian b. practicable c. mundane d. workable
30. Could somebody please help me as I am at the end of my……………over next door’s barking dog. a. tether b. leash c. lead d. rope
31. Mrs Elegent has had the couch in her sitting room …………..in red velvet. a. clothed b. enriched c. sewn d. reupholstered
32.The salesman told me that reading this book would make me more intelligent, bit I think I’ve been ……… a. blackmailed b. conned c. libelled d. slandered
33. The assistant …….nervously while I made up my mind. a. hovered b. floated c. drifted d. orbited
34. The essayist, John Cardinal Newman, was one of the most distinguished men of ………..of his time. a. letters b. books c. publications d. writings
35. The athlete had been dropped from the team the previous year and clearly had an axe to…………as she felt this had been totally unjustified. a. sharpen b. grind c. hone d. shine
36. The two young fighters fought toe to toe and both showed…………………….determination. a. grim b. strong c. harsh d. mean
37. I would like to welcome you all on this auspicious……………………, the 25th anniversary of the founding of our company. a. occasion b. moment c. meeting d. gathering
38. As a conservative ……………….I think we need to put aside $ 4,000 for the wedding. a. forecast b. approximation c. guess d. estimate
39. Both parents were unemployed and the family had a …………………………lifestyle. a. cautious b. frugal c. careful d. tight
40. I’d been in …………………..pain with toothache all weekend and was desperate to find a dentist. a. agonizing b. shooting c. excruciating d. maddening
41. I was ………………tempted to report his incompetence to my line manager otherwise the whole team would suffer. a. highly b. sorely c. greatly d. urgently
42. The team have been slogging ………….at developing the new software and some unbelievable apps for our clients. a. around b. away c. off d. through
43. Why have some states in the east of the country ……………….behind others in improving agricultural production? a. dropped b. lagged c. straggled d. sagged
44. Ever since he got a job in that restaurant he comes reeking …………………..fried food. a. from b. in c. with d. of
45. It took me a while to …………………….on to the pleasures of spicy food but now I love it. a. satin b. cotton c. wool d. nylon
46. When someone goaded her ……………quitting an activity she would go out of her way to do it even more. a. into b. onto c. at d. to
47. Talks are continuing between the two countries to try to………………out details of the ceasefire. a. expand b. pad c. flesh d. broaden
48.When everything is said and …………., we can’t deny Muriel is a hard working woman. a. done b. assumed c. claimed d. mentioned Phrasal verbs:
gloss over duck out of tide over wind down string up peg away at level with own up
1.The film was well researched , but it ………..the important issues.
2. I’ll ……….you – the salary’s not particularly good, and there is little chance of promotion.
3. The government is …………….its nuclear programme.
4. He ought to be …………….for what he said about his mother.
5. You can’t ……………..your responsibilities.
6. I am not really good at math, but I’ve got to keep ……………if I want to get into an engineering programme.
7. No one has ……….to stealing the money.
8. Could you lend me some money to ………..me……..to the end of the month? Word forms:
1.Gradually , almost (perceive)…………….her condition had worsened.
2.The (intelligence)………………doesn’t seek knowledge for the purpose of better understanding the world, but rather to enhance their image.
3. He was fined for (person)……………..a police officer.
4. London is roughly (equal)……………………….from Oxford and Cambridge.
5. His essays are models of clarity and (brief)………………….
6. He’s slightly aggressive , which a lot of people find it (put)………..when they first meet him.
7. At this hospital we use up bandages, disposable gloves and other (consume)………..at an alarming rate.
8. A heartless (trick)…………swindled the elderly woman out of her life savings.
9. All active ingredients of this soap powder are 98% (grade)………….within 3 days.
10. (Intend)………………development projects can have unintended negative effects on population control. Cloze text: Reading 1:
Drop in sales of checkout displays
Supermarkets have long relied on people making (1)………………….purchases while they stand in the queue to pay.
However, (2)……………………… has all changed and smartphones are being blamed for waning sales of magazines at
supermarket till displays. This is due to people playing with their mobile phones, (3)…………………… their attention
away from the goods on display. This habit is called the'mobile blinker'after the headgear horses wear to narrow
their (4)……………………………., and it is destroying the magazine industry.
(5)……………………….., particularly of women's magazines, have dropped fifty percent in the last ten years.
Cosmopolitan magazine, the biggest selling magazine in the UK, has lost nearly twenty percent of its sales in the last
six months ((6)…………….and their (7)……………………… are suffering the same fate. Research has shown that shoppers are
increasingly ignoring the till displays because they no longer write a shopping list on paper. (8)………………… they use
their mobile phone and while standing in the queue they check to see they have not forgotten anything. Reading 2: British accents
British actors in films have a(n) (1)………………….to be portrayed as either having an accent like Hugh Grant or a villain
from the East End of London. In reality, the British Isles have a (2)……………………… of different accents.
Linguists claim that in some parts of England, a different accent can be heard just by crossing a road or bridge, and
this variation does not (3)……………………… to just one place. The Liverpool accent is totally different from (4)…………..
of Manchester or Birmingham but there is diversity within a city, especially (5)………………… like Liverpool.
A new accent now appears to have (6)………………… into the English language, namely the multicultural London
English accent, (7)………………it is heavily influenced by the Caribbean, West African and South Asian (8)……………..to
the country. It should be borne in mind that there are also regional differences, and class distinction plays a big role
throughout the country, often greater and more noticeable than in other countries. Câu 293:
CARL AZUZ, CNN STUDENT NEWS ANCHOR: Fridays are awesome! I`m Carl Azuz. It`s great
to have you watching this April 8th.
First up, we have an in-depth report for you. CNN recently got an exclusive interview with the head
of the U.S. Terrorist Screening Center. It was created in 2003. It`s an organization of several
agencies run by the FBI.One of its jobs: to combine the U.S. government`s information on potential
terrorists into one list, and to help screen people who entered the U.S. or try to travel internationally on an airline.
For someone to be added to the list, U.S. officials have to have reasonable suspicion that he or she is
connected to terrorism. Some civil liberties groups say the organization standards need to be higher
than that.They`re concerned it`s too easy for someone to be put on theWATCH list. But officials
says if they raise the bar anymore, they`ll miss people who may be plotting an attack.
CHRISTOPHER PIEHOTA, TERRORIST SCREENING CENTER DIRECTOR: This means to me
that the Terrorist Screening Center`s mission will never be done. SUBTITLE: Terrorist Screening Center, somewhere outside Washington, D.C.
PIEHOTA: And it reminds us daily of theIMPORTANCE of what we do.
SUBTITLE: This 3-story tall piece from the base of the World Trade Center`s North Tower sits at the entrance of the TSC. From the USS Cole bombing, October 12, 2000.
PIEHOTA: The threats were ever present, and the remnants were put here to remind our staff of our
mission, which is to prevent acts of terrorism, keeps us mindful of the threat that is still out there.
SUBTITLE: The UNDERWEAR Bomber", December 25, 2009. From the Oklahoma City bombing, April 19, 1995.
PIEHOTA: Each remnant or each artifact shows you the evolution of terrorism. This particular
architecture was from the North Tower, and where you can see the bent areas is where the aircraft made entry into the tower.
PAMELA BROWN, CNN JUSTICE CORRESPONDENT: Right there? PIEHOTA: Right there.
BROWN: Every day you come in and you say, we`re not going to let this happen again.
PIEHOTA: This cannot ever happen again.
SUBTITLE: An exclusive interview with Christopher Piehota, director of the Terrorist Screening Center.
BROWN: One public perception about the U.S. terrorWATCH list is that many innocent
Americans with no ties to terrorism make it on those lists. What is your reaction to that?
PIEHOTA: I know that is a perception, but it is an incorrect perception. For the United States
persons on the watch list, it is a very, very small part of the population of the watch list. U.S.
persons on the watch list comprise less than half a percent of the total population.
BROWN: And how many changes are made to the watch list every day?
PIEHOTA: The watch list, I would just say, for 2015, the watch list changed on an average of about
1,500 times per day, where in those 1,500 changed transactions, some people were added to the list.
Some records were updated and modified and some people were removed from the list.
BROWN: What are some of the frustrations from your perspective, being the head of this terror watch list?
PIEHOTA: It`s concerning that our partners don`t use all of our data. We provide them withTOOLS
, we provide them with support, and I would find it concerning that they don`t use these tools to
help screen for their own aviation security, maritime security, border screening, visas, things like that
for travel, we find it concerning.
BROWN: We`ve now seen two ISIS terror attacks in Europe, more recently in Paris, as well as in
Brussels, at the airport and the metro station. Would the U.S. watch list have prevented the terrorists
identified in those attacks from slipping into the United States.
PIEHOTA: It depends. Now, and I say "it depends" because if they`re on our list and they were
properly identified, they may have been caught at our borders, they may not have been granted
access to our country.So I can say that I would hope that our screening network would have caught
them. Nothing is 100 percent foolproof, I will tell you that.
BROWN: Did that information make its way to our watch list? Did they share information prior to
those attacks about these people? I`m just trying to get a sense of how that work, would work.
PIEHOTA: We were aware of some of those people.
BROWN: Brussels right now is still on top of everyone`s mind. We know of at least two bombers
who are still on the run, possibly in Europe. How concerning is that to you that these could be people
who might want to make it into the U.S. They haven`t been publicly identified.
PIEHOTA: It`s very concerning, and that`s where the awareness and the vigilance comes in. We rely
on our partners to look for them, conduct investigations and operations that help us identify them.
BROWN: But in Europe, there are cases where perhaps information wasn`t shared about someone
because of privacy laws, and because -- how does that impact the terror watch list?
PIEHOTA: Well, it impacts the terror watch list in a way that our sharing may not be as broad or inclusive as it could be.
BROWN: There are so many people living Europe to go to Syria to train, unbeknownst to European
officials.That didn`t just come right back. I mean, what`s stopping them from making it into the U.S.?
PIEHOTA: It`s highly concerning. We make sure that we know as much as we can. And we take that
information and we use it the best we can, to minimize threats to our communities. But we can`t know everything all the time.
BROWN: Let`s talk about the migrant crisis, because, you know, the U.S. is expected to take in tens
of thousands of people over the next several years. Your job will be to ensure none of those people
are terrorists and make it into the United States, in collaboration with other intelligence partners.
How sure are you that you will be 100 percent successful?
PIEHOTA: Nothing is 100 percent. We will strive for the best we can, nothing we can guarantee is at 100 percent level.
BROWN: Do you think that this screening process in place though is as rigorous it can be to prevent terrorists from making it in?
PIEHOTA: I`m pretty confident in us catching people who would try to come to this country for
illicit purposes.But again, I can`t say that we would be batting a thousand.
SUBTITLE: The world`s first dengue vaccine is available in the Philippines. One million children in
dengue affected areas are vaccinated. It took 20 years and $1.8 billion of funding to make the
vaccine. Dengue fever is one of the world`s most common mosquito-borne viruses. It infects around
390 million people each year and kills more than 25,000. The vaccine was developed by French drug
manufacturer Sanofi Pasteur. The company said the vaccine could prevent up to 93 percent of severe
dengue cases. Researchers say it could reduce cases in the Philippines by 24 percent over five years. The World Health Organization hasn`t yet approved the program.
AZUZ: Yesterday, we announced a school in West Africa. Today, we`re headed to the Far East. In
the city of Jeonju, South Korea, it`s great to see our viewers at Chonbuk National University. Thank
you forWATCHING this Friday. In the city of New York, in the state of New York, hello to the
Lions. Columbia Grammar and Preparatory school is on the roll. And we`re visiting some of our
viewers in Texas. The Hornets is what the buzz is all about. They`re at Hudson High School in Lufkin.
AZUZ: You might want to sit down for this, if you`re not already. You see thisCHAIR ? It`s
wooden. It`s got some graffiti on it. It says "Harry Potter". And it recently sold at an auction for
$349,000. That`s as much as a nice house. Why? Because this is theCHAIR that author J.K.
Rowling sat on while writing the first two Harry Potter books on her typewriter. To the auction`s
winner, Rowling wrote, quote, "My nostalgic side is quite sad to see it go, but my back isn`t." It must
have been given her a shrieking back, maybe it`d be better suited to a Longbottom. But it makes you
wonder, could the chair have sold for Volde-more, someone probably had the Dumbledore budget
and Snape a few competitors to Weasley their way into ownership. Right now, though, they`re
probably feeling pretty s-muggle. Harry Potter puns, they`re magical.Câu 295:
ARL AZUZ, CNN STUDENT NEWS ANCHOR: Hello, everyone. I`m Carl Azuz. Thank you for
taking ten minutes to get up to speed on international current events.
We`re starting this Tuesday on the world`s highest mountain. Every year since 1900, at least one
person has died climbing Nepal`s Mount Everest, and this year is no exception. The 2016 climbing
season has claimed its first victims. One climber died on Thursday, one on Friday, one on Saturday, and one on Sunday.
And these deaths coming so close together have frightened many of the climbers who are starting
their trip back down the mountain.
So, why did this happen now? Well, most people attempt to climb Everest in April and May. One
reason, the winds are calmer. In other months, there are usually hurricane-force winds at the summit.
There are also tends to be less snowballing at this time of year, though temperatures are still will
below zero degrees Fahrenheit.
CHAD MYERS, AMS METEOROLOGIST: Mount Everest spring climbing season has turned
deadly with four deaths now in the past four days. You have to get to 29,000 feet to get to theTOP
of Mount Everest. And above 26,000 feet is called the death zone. There`s just not enough oxygen
up there for your body to last very long.
Now, this is the first real death from climbing that we`ve seen since they close the mountain because
of the earthquake. I remember, there was also the avalanche that closed part of the climbing season in
2015, 2014.So, not many people have been up there.
They`re also saying that there are so many people trying to get to theTOP because it is now open
again but then slowing the ascent and keeping those people, keeping the climbers in that dead zone
longer because it`s such a slow climb to theTOP . Avalanches kill people. Injuries kill people from
falling, or from ISIS collapses, also weather from exposure, and, of course, just altitude sickness
alone is killing people up there because of the height of Mount Everest.
AZUZ: But for many climbers, the danger is what actually attracts them to Mount Everest. And since
this year`s climbing season began, about 300 people have made it to the top.
We don`t know yet if the reason deaths there will impact tourism. That`s a major industry in Nepal.
But tragedies can significant impact the number of people who might want to visit a country.
For example, in Egypt, another economy that benefits from tourism, visits were down by 40 percent
early this year, as compared to early 2015. And though investigators aren`t certain what caused
EgyptAir Flight 804 to crash in the Mediterranean last week, that event, along with some others in
recent years could deeply hurt Egypt.
CRISTINA ALESCI, CNN CORRESPONDENT: This crash is a major blow to a fragile but crucial
part of the economy. Egypt has been struggling to bring back visitors really since 2010 when the
number of tourists hit a record high of over 14 million. Last year, that number was about nine million.
Now, obviously, this decline has impacted the amount of money visitors spend in the country, which
has been slashed in half over that same time period. Just to put this into context, tourism accounts for
about 11 percent of all economic activity, and 11 percent of jobs in the country are actually tied to
the industry itself. This decline in tourism started in 2011, with the revolution, the Arab spring, and
unrest after the coup that scared off a ton of people from visiting.
But visitors were actually starting to return in 2015. In fact, “The Washington Post” even ran a
headline on it.Then, two incidents hurt the recovery. Terrorists brought down a Russian jet just after
it took off from an Egyptian resort, and then, a domestic EgyptAir flight was hijacked in March.
These and other incidents are raising questions for tourists who have really been vacationing in this
region for years, and for many of these countries, especially those along the Mediterranean, tourism
is a crucial part of the economy.
AZUZ: The World Health Organization, which is part of the United Nations, had an emergency
meeting recently to discuss an outbreak of yellow fever.
It started in the southern African nation of Angola last December. Since then, more than 2,400
people have been infected and 300 people have died from the disease.
That makes this the worst outbreak of yellow fever in Angola in 30 years. But it does spread to other
countries. There had been dozen of cases in the neighboring Democratic Republic of Congo and in
nearby Uganda. So, what health officials are doing is directing millions of vaccines to this region.
They`re hoping that will help create a barrier against the spread of this disease.
DR. SANJAY GUPTA, CNN CHIEF MEDICAL CORRESPONDENT: Yellow fever is a disease
caused by a virus that can make you -- you guessed it -- turned yellow.
The virus comes from a bite of a mosquito, and the yellow is because your liver starts to fail and you
develop jaundice, a yellow of the eyes and the skin. They also get fevers, chills, back pain and
generalized aching.From inspection to illness typically takes three to second days.
Now, most people are going to improve after these initial symptoms. However, about 15 percent will
develop a more severe form of the disease.
There is no treatment or cure for yellow fever. Doctors are going to work to alleviate symptoms --
prescribing rest, fluids, medications. The best way to avoid yellow fever is to get vaccinated,
especially if traveling to Africa and South America, use insect repellant, wear a thick, long
sleeveCLOTHING and sleep in a screen-in or air-conditioned room as much as possible.
AZUZ: Since the Vietnam War, the U.S. has banned the sale of American military weapons to the
communist country of Vietnam. But yesterday, while on a trip there, President Obama removed that
ban. He says it`s part of the work to normalize relations between America and Vietnam, and that that
includes more military cooperation.
Critics say President Obama should have waited until Vietnam improves its human rights record
before lifting the ban. A human rightsWATCH official says the president gave the Asian country a reward it did not deserve.
But international experts say this isn`t just about Vietnam and the U.S. They say China factors in. It`s
involved in an international dispute over what country controls territory in the South China Sea.
Some U.S. officials see Vietnam as a balance to China`s influence in the region.
From coast to coast and across the sea, it`s time for the CNN STUDENT NEWS "Roll Call". We`re
starting in Spokane, Washington. Why? Because the Pirates are there at John R. Rogers High School.
Next to the Eastern U.S. city of Westminster, South Carolina. Great to see you everyone at Cherokee
Creek Boys SchoolWATCHING today. And jumping over the Atlantic, we land in Toulouse,
France, where we`re visiting our viewers at Bellevue Middle School.
When you walk through a spider web, you`re probably more concern about whether anything was on
it, at the time, then you are impressed by the relative strength of the structure. But a professor at
Oxford University believes that spider silk may help in fixing damage nerves in humans and
regenerating joints. For this professor, the webs hold hope for a new silk age with advances in science and medicine.
DR. FRITZ VOLLRATH: I`m Fritz Volltrath. I work on spiders and spider webs and spider silks and on silkworm silks.
Spider webs are really, really interesting structure. For a human comparison, it would be like if you
could make a net the size of aFOOTBALL field, will you sit in the center and the net could catch
the equivalent of the jumbo jet. That is pretty amazing.
The question is, can we use these silks, whether they`re from spider or silkworm, to help in
regenerative medicine. There`s a lot of interest in the medical community in silks as a potential
culture, growing replacement body parts potentially like ears in the way they use in collagen, may be for 3D printing things.
We can fix a nerve that`s been crashed. We can connect the two ends with a sheet that`s filled with
spider silk and the nerves will grow along this spider silk threads and connect and then the person can move the arm again.
And now, we are in human trials for some of these implants and they seem to work very well. I don`t
see at this stage anything that would be off limits.
AZUZ: What is purple, plastic, made by a3D PRINTER and can totally rock a Mozart concerto?
Well, here you go. Now, to be fair this is not a Stradivarius. The girl playing it says it has a more
muted sound than a wooden violin and that there are limits to its pitch.
Still, considering that it was created by a high school senior who is studying sound waves for a
physics class, we`re thinking her grade is somewhere in the key of eight.
The story certainly violins itself to puns. You could say it was worth the treble that with musicians
and inventors alike, it razernates. We can string you along for days on Stradivarius word plays. But
before you tune us out, we`ll just take a bow.
CNN STUDENT NEWS will be on the air through next Friday, June 3rd. After that, our summer break begins. Câu 287(1): 1.
CARL AZUZ, CNN ANCHOR: Lots of news to catch you up on from this weekend. I`m Carl Azuz. It`s great to see
you this Monday, November 10. First up, the U.S. is doubling the number of its troops in Iraq. An additional 1500
military personnel are headed there, bringing the total to about 3,000. Their mission, to train Iraqi troops and militias
to battle the ISIS terrorist group.
President Obama says the American Forces will not be involved in direct combat. He calls the increase a new phase in
the U.S.-led fight against ISIS. Some critics say they are concerned that the president doesn`t have a clear strategy to defeat the militants.
Also this weekend, an interesting and unexpected development concerning North Korea. Its secretive government
released Kenneth Bae and Matthew Todd Miller, two Americans held prisoner for months, accused of breaking North
Korean laws. At North Korea`s invitation, the Obama administration sent James Clapper to the capital
Pyongyang. Clapper is the U.S. director of National Intelligence.
PAUL HANCOCKS, CNN CORRESPONDENT: ATOP secret mission in the dead of night. TheTOP spy chief in
the United States arrives in Pyongyang, carrying a letter from the U.S. president. He leaves one day later with two
former prisoners. No conditions and no strings attached, according to the U.S. So why this sudden humanitarian gesture from North Korea?
CHRISTOPHER HILL, FORMER AMBASSADOR TO SOUTH KOREA: Clearly, they crave having this kind of
high level attention, so obviously they are pleased that General Clapper came.
HANCOCKS: Another suggestion: Kim Jong Un wants to show he`s still in charge after disappearing for six weeks
recently. He`s back in the spotlight, limping but without the cane. Other experts believe Pyongyang`s recentCHARM
offensive, including a high profile visit to Seoul, technically enemy territory, is a PR exercise to improve its
image. The release of Kenneth Bae and Matthew Todd Miller comes more than two weeks after a third U.S. citizen,
Jeffrey Fowle, won his freedom. No U.S. citizens remain in North Korean captivity.
Two things are certain. This decision came from theTOP , and it was made for a reason. Pyongyang released a
statement claiming that the U.S. president had made many requests, and also an apology. Now, if that is the case, this
domestically is propaganda gold for a leader who wants to remain and show he`s relevant on the international
stage. Paula Hancocks, CNN, Seoul.
AZUZ: President Obama wants Loretta Lynch to be the next attorney general of the United States. The 55-year-old
Harvard alumni is currently a federal prosecutor, the U.S. attorney for the Eastern District of New York. And she
appears to have some support from Republicans, as well as Democrats. It`s up to the Senate to ultimately decide if
Lynch will replace outgoing Attorney General Eric Holder. Because this position is cabinet-level, the Constitution
requires the Senate to give the president advice and consent on his nominees. It`s not certain whether the outgoing
Democratic controlled Senate or the newly elected Republican controlled Senate will decide whether to confirm Lynch.
Between the U.S. and Russia over the Bering Sea, what was left over from super typhoon Nuri (ph) has been stirring
up the ocean. Its effects, intense wind, heavy rain and snow, massive waves, have mostly hit the Aleutian Islands. Not
a lot of people there, and those who are used to severe weather. But Nuri is about to whip the jet stream, and a lot of
people in the lower 48 will feel that in the days ahead. Bottom line, bundle up.
UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Remember this? Winter of 2013/2014 is one many want to forget. Reporters standing in
the frozen tundra while much of the nation was bundled up and digging out for months, coping with one of the coldest
winters in roughly 20 years. It was also the season of new hashtags, snowjam 2014 in Atlanta, snowcalypse and
snowmageddon. But the one trending term that may have a cringing grip on you as much as the cold - polar
vortex. We heard it over and over last winter as if it was something new. Now that we`ve all had a chance to thaw out
a bit, let`s set the record straight on what it is and what it isn`t.
It`s not a storm, it`s not a hurricane of cold air. It`s not even something that can come and get you. The only way to be
in the polar vortex is to be in an airplane. It exists in the upper levels of the atmosphere, and is always there. It`s an
area of low pressure around the Arctic Circle that`s locked in place and houses some very cold air.
Sometimes different weather patterns can influence the polar vortex and cause it to become distorted. As this happens,
a large dip in the jet stream allows very cold air to spill into the U.S. That`s the cold air you feel, the air that lives
beneath the polar vortex, air that many times is so cold, it can feel like something out of this world. And you may
want to dig out your winter gear next week, because the polar air is coming back. One of the strongest non-tropical
storms ever is currently churning off the coast of Alaska, which will have a domino effect across the country. It will
cause a huge dip in the jet stream, allowing temperatures to plummet. Much of the country will experience the coldest
temperatures of the season, with highs only in the 20s and 30s for the Midwest by early next week.
AZUZ: Who`s on a roll this Monday? We`re going to start up north today, and by north I mean Canada. St. Michael
Catholic School is in Guelph, Ontario. Good to see the Stingers areWATCHING . Not too far southeast from there,
in New Rochelle, New York, we`ve got the Albert Leonard Middle School Leopards. And now to Kearney, Nebraska,
where the Vikings are watching. Hello to everyone in West Kearney High School.
Yesterday, November 9, was the anniversary of a major event in the Cold War. This was a rivalry that developed after
World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. There wasn`t open combat between them, but the two
superpowers supported different sides of conflict in the Korean War and Vietnam among other places. A wall built in
the German capital came to represent the Cold War. It stood between democracy and communism, and it cracked in 1989.
ATIKA SHUBERT, CNN CORRESPONDENT: In the embers of World War II, a defeated Germany was carved up,
occupied by Britain, France and the United States to the west, and the Soviet Union to the east. Berlin, which lay well
within the eastern territory, was also divided. The west, an island of capitalism engulfed by a communist super
block. Though many Berliners could still move freely within the city - well, that was until August 13, 1961. Berliners
awoke to a barbed wire fence surrounding the western part of the city, a barrier to contain East Germans hungry for
the lifestyles of the West. Overnight, families were split, and East Berliners working in the West were cut off from their jobs.
Barbed wire soon became a sprawling concrete colossus, stretching 155 kilometers. Thousands of armed guards kept
watch from 302 observation towers. Now, looking out from the east, past the outer wall, is an area known as the death
zone, where guards would shoot to kill. A signal fence here sends a silent alarm when touched. Next, tank traps before
a terrible carpet of metal spikes, nicknamed felons` lawn. Then the wall as the West saw it, 3.6 meters tall, topped
with a half pipe in places to makeSCALING it almost impossible. More than 100,000 East Germans attempted to
escape past the wall. At least 5,000 succeeded, but more than 200 died trying.
JOHN F. KENNEDY, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES: Ich bin ein Berliner (German).
SHUBERT: One of President Kennedy`s most rousing speeches was delivered here at the wall, within earshot of the
East. A message repeated years later by President Reagan.
RONALD REAGAN, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES: Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!
SHUBERT: In 1989, cracks began to show. Guards were told not to shoot. Thousands rallied for freedom in East
Berlin. On the 9th of November, a sea change. East Germans would be allowed to cross the border. Thousands headed
to the wall. Tearful, jubilant Germans from both sides began to hack and rip down the concrete. Excited welcoming
hands reached over. East Berliners soaked up the strange Western wonderland.Sparkling with the things they had so
long been denied. In less than a year, the wall was in tatters, and the iron curtain was being pulled back. Germany
fractured for four decades, was united once more.
AZUZ: Two words, holy and cow! That`s pretty much how everyone who sees Blossom describes Blossom.The
average Holstein or Holstein cow weighs around 1500 pounds and stands around 4.5 feet tall. Blossom has bloomed
her way into the record books for tallest cow. 2000 pounds, 6 feet 4 inches of moo. She`s so big, she`s got her own
Facebook page, and her owner says she`s hormone free. It took just oats, grass, and hay that made her this way. Now
we know the answer to where`s the beef. People who see that beauty as bovine can`t help having a cow. She`s un-
bull-eivable (unbelievable). A true modern moo-vel. Something with incalculable influence whenever she stands
tall. I think we`re milking this for all it`s worth, with all the puns we cud think of, and we don`t want to fence you in
or push it past your class time, so join us again tomorrow when CNN STUDENT NEWS returns. Câu 287(1): 1.
CARL AZUZ, CNN ANCHOR: Lots of news to catch you up on from this weekend. I`m Carl Azuz. It`s great to see
you this Monday, November 10. First up, the U.S. is doubling the number of its troops in Iraq. An additional 1500
military personnel are headed there, bringing the total to about 3,000. Their mission, to train Iraqi troops and militias
to battle the ISIS terrorist group.
President Obama says the American Forces will not be involved in direct combat. He calls the increase a new phase in
the U.S.-led fight against ISIS. Some critics say they are concerned that the president doesn`t have a clear strategy to defeat the militants.
Also this weekend, an interesting and unexpected development concerning North Korea. Its secretive government
released Kenneth Bae and Matthew Todd Miller, two Americans held prisoner for months, accused of breaking North
Korean laws. At North Korea`s invitation, the Obama administration sent James Clapper to the capital
Pyongyang. Clapper is the U.S. director of National Intelligence.
PAUL HANCOCKS, CNN CORRESPONDENT: ATOP secret mission in the dead of night. TheTOP spy chief in
the United States arrives in Pyongyang, carrying a letter from the U.S. president. He leaves one day later with two
former prisoners. No conditions and no strings attached, according to the U.S. So why this sudden humanitarian gesture from North Korea?
CHRISTOPHER HILL, FORMER AMBASSADOR TO SOUTH KOREA: Clearly, they crave having this kind of
high level attention, so obviously they are pleased that General Clapper came.
HANCOCKS: Another suggestion: Kim Jong Un wants to show he`s still in charge after disappearing for six weeks
recently. He`s back in the spotlight, limping but without the cane. Other experts believe Pyongyang`s recentCHARM
offensive, including a high profile visit to Seoul, technically enemy territory, is a PR exercise to improve its
image. The release of Kenneth Bae and Matthew Todd Miller comes more than two weeks after a third U.S. citizen,
Jeffrey Fowle, won his freedom. No U.S. citizens remain in North Korean captivity.
Two things are certain. This decision came from theTOP , and it was made for a reason. Pyongyang released a
statement claiming that the U.S. president had made many requests, and also an apology. Now, if that is the case, this
domestically is propaganda gold for a leader who wants to remain and show he`s relevant on the international
stage. Paula Hancocks, CNN, Seoul.
AZUZ: President Obama wants Loretta Lynch to be the next attorney general of the United States. The 55-year-old
Harvard alumni is currently a federal prosecutor, the U.S. attorney for the Eastern District of New York. And she
appears to have some support from Republicans, as well as Democrats. It`s up to the Senate to ultimately decide if
Lynch will replace outgoing Attorney General Eric Holder. Because this position is cabinet-level, the Constitution
requires the Senate to give the president advice and consent on his nominees. It`s not certain whether the outgoing
Democratic controlled Senate or the newly elected Republican controlled Senate will decide whether to confirm Lynch.
Between the U.S. and Russia over the Bering Sea, what was left over from super typhoon Nuri (ph) has been stirring
up the ocean. Its effects, intense wind, heavy rain and snow, massive waves, have mostly hit the Aleutian Islands. Not
a lot of people there, and those who are used to severe weather. But Nuri is about to whip the jet stream, and a lot of
people in the lower 48 will feel that in the days ahead. Bottom line, bundle up.
UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Remember this? Winter of 2013/2014 is one many want to forget. Reporters standing in
the frozen tundra while much of the nation was bundled up and digging out for months, coping with one of the coldest
winters in roughly 20 years. It was also the season of new hashtags, snowjam 2014 in Atlanta, snowcalypse and
snowmageddon. But the one trending term that may have a cringing grip on you as much as the cold - polar
vortex. We heard it over and over last winter as if it was something new. Now that we`ve all had a chance to thaw out
a bit, let`s set the record straight on what it is and what it isn`t.
It`s not a storm, it`s not a hurricane of cold air. It`s not even something that can come and get you. The only way to be
in the polar vortex is to be in an airplane. It exists in the upper levels of the atmosphere, and is always there. It`s an
area of low pressure around the Arctic Circle that`s locked in place and houses some very cold air.
Sometimes different weather patterns can influence the polar vortex and cause it to become distorted. As this happens,
a large dip in the jet stream allows very cold air to spill into the U.S. That`s the cold air you feel, the air that lives
beneath the polar vortex, air that many times is so cold, it can feel like something out of this world. And you may
want to dig out your winter gear next week, because the polar air is coming back. One of the strongest non-tropical
storms ever is currently churning off the coast of Alaska, which will have a domino effect across the country. It will
cause a huge dip in the jet stream, allowing temperatures to plummet. Much of the country will experience the coldest
temperatures of the season, with highs only in the 20s and 30s for the Midwest by early next week.
AZUZ: Who`s on a roll this Monday? We`re going to start up north today, and by north I mean Canada. St. Michael
Catholic School is in Guelph, Ontario. Good to see the Stingers areWATCHING . Not too far southeast from there,
in New Rochelle, New York, we`ve got the Albert Leonard Middle School Leopards. And now to Kearney, Nebraska,
where the Vikings are watching. Hello to everyone in West Kearney High School.
Yesterday, November 9, was the anniversary of a major event in the Cold War. This was a rivalry that developed after
World War II between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. There wasn`t open combat between them, but the two
superpowers supported different sides of conflict in the Korean War and Vietnam among other places. A wall built in
the German capital came to represent the Cold War. It stood between democracy and communism, and it cracked in 1989.
ATIKA SHUBERT, CNN CORRESPONDENT: In the embers of World War II, a defeated Germany was carved up,
occupied by Britain, France and the United States to the west, and the Soviet Union to the east. Berlin, which lay well
within the eastern territory, was also divided. The west, an island of capitalism engulfed by a communist super
block. Though many Berliners could still move freely within the city - well, that was until August 13, 1961. Berliners
awoke to a barbed wire fence surrounding the western part of the city, a barrier to contain East Germans hungry for
the lifestyles of the West. Overnight, families were split, and East Berliners working in the West were cut off from their jobs.
Barbed wire soon became a sprawling concrete colossus, stretching 155 kilometers. Thousands of armed guards kept
watch from 302 observation towers. Now, looking out from the east, past the outer wall, is an area known as the death
zone, where guards would shoot to kill. A signal fence here sends a silent alarm when touched. Next, tank traps before
a terrible carpet of metal spikes, nicknamed felons` lawn. Then the wall as the West saw it, 3.6 meters tall, topped
with a half pipe in places to makeSCALING it almost impossible. More than 100,000 East Germans attempted to
escape past the wall. At least 5,000 succeeded, but more than 200 died trying.
JOHN F. KENNEDY, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES: Ich bin ein Berliner (German).
SHUBERT: One of President Kennedy`s most rousing speeches was delivered here at the wall, within earshot of the
East. A message repeated years later by President Reagan.
RONALD REAGAN, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES: Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!
SHUBERT: In 1989, cracks began to show. Guards were told not to shoot. Thousands rallied for freedom in East
Berlin. On the 9th of November, a sea change. East Germans would be allowed to cross the border. Thousands headed
to the wall. Tearful, jubilant Germans from both sides began to hack and rip down the concrete. Excited welcoming
hands reached over. East Berliners soaked up the strange Western wonderland.Sparkling with the things they had so
long been denied. In less than a year, the wall was in tatters, and the iron curtain was being pulled back. Germany
fractured for four decades, was united once more.
AZUZ: Two words, holy and cow! That`s pretty much how everyone who sees Blossom describes Blossom.The
average Holstein or Holstein cow weighs around 1500 pounds and stands around 4.5 feet tall. Blossom has bloomed
her way into the record books for tallest cow. 2000 pounds, 6 feet 4 inches of moo. She`s so big, she`s got her own
Facebook page, and her owner says she`s hormone free. It took just oats, grass, and hay that made her this way. Now
we know the answer to where`s the beef. People who see that beauty as bovine can`t help having a cow. She`s un-
bull-eivable (unbelievable). A true modern moo-vel. Something with incalculable influence whenever she stands
tall. I think we`re milking this for all it`s worth, with all the puns we cud think of, and we don`t want to fence you in
or push it past your class time, so join us again tomorrow when CNN STUDENT NEWS returns.
British actors in films have a(n) (1)………………….Y to be portrayed as either
having an accent like Hugh Grant or a villain from the East End of London. In (17)
.......REALITY , the British Isles have a wealth of different accents.
Linguists claim that in some parts of England, a different accent can be heard
just by crossing a road or bridge, and this (18) VARIATION does not
apply to just one place. The Liverpool accent is totally different from that of
Manchester or Birmingham but there is (19) .P.I.YERSIJY within a
city, especially one like Liverpool.
A new accent now appears to have crept into the English language, namely the (20) MyLTICy.LTU.RAL
London English accent, as it is heavily influenced
by the Caribbean, West African and South Asian(21) IMMIGRANTS to the
country. It should be borne in mind that there are also (22) REGIONAL differences, and class (23)
DISTINCTION plays a big role throughout
the country, often greater and more (24)
NOTICEABLE than in other countries. Supermarkets have (0)
LONG relied on people making impulse (9) PURCHASES
while they stand in the queue to pay. However, that has all changed and smartphones are being blamed (10) FOR
waning sales of magazines at supermarket till displays. This is (11) P.UE.
to people playing with their mobile phones, diverting their attention (12)
AWAY from the goods on display. This habit is called the'mobile blinker'after the
headgear horses wear to narrow their vision, and it is destroying the magazine industry.
Sales, particularly of women's magazines, have dropped fifty (13) PERCENT ¡n the last
ten years. Cosmopolitan magazine, the biggest selling magazine in the UK, has lost nearly twenty
percent of its sales in the last six months (14)... ALONE ..
(anc| their rivals are suffering the
same fate. Research has shown that shoppers are increasingly ignoring the till displays because they no (15) .LONGER
write a shopping list on paper. Instead they use their mobile phone
and while standing in the queue they check to see they have (16) NOT forgotten
1.His bruises added …………..to his statement that he had been beaten.
A. credence B. stature . C. guile . D. affinity
2. She opened a window to allow the smoke from the burnt meal to_____.
A. debilitate B. extricate C. dissipate D. evaporate
3. Their …………….goal was to clean up government corruption, but their real aim was aot unseat the government. A. posthumous
B. ostensible C. laborious D. express
4. The abandoned warehouse was used by smugglers to hide_____.
A. merchandise B. spoils C. fodder D. contraband
5. Many hours of ………..preparation have gone into writing the book.
A. equivocal B. magnanimous C.garrulous D. meticulous
6. He decided to withdraw from the powerboat race as he had a(n)_____of danger.
A. interim B. foreboding C. dearth D. prediction
7. Mother Nature has provided the island with a_____supply of natural resources.
A. vociferous B. viable C. gregarious D. bountiful
8. When he started that company, he really went -______. It might have been a disaster.
A. out on the limb B. on and off C. over the odds D. once too often
9. He's doing____________ again, this time for armed robbery.
A. gauntlet B. powder C. skeleton D. porridge
10. She______scorn on his plans to get rich quickly.
A. threw B. splashed C. poured D. spread
11. As soon as their policies became popular, all the other parties started to _______._____on the bandwagon.
A. jump B. heap C.join D. walk
12. There arc $25,000 worth of prizes up for__ _____ in our competition.
A. grasps B. grabs C. cracks D. crabs
13. The fighting has stopped, so to__________, the war is over.
A. prim and proper B. pins and needles
C. intents and purposes D. chop and change
14. Id like to take______with you about what you have just said.
A. words B. discussion C. issue D. matter
15. I promise you he's_______. He's never been involved in anything criminal.
A. spoilt for choice B. below par C. off the peg D. on the level
16.I really must go and lie down for a while; I' ve got a................. headache.
A. cutting B. ringing C-. splitting D. cracking
17. He was.................... to steal the money when he saw it lying on the table.
A. attracted B. dragged C. tempted D. brought
18. Michael was the.................force behind the company's rapid expansion,
A-driving B. managing C. leading D. rising
19. He was blind by the.................of the approaching car's headlights.
A.glare B. gleam C. glow D. flare
20. Hie forecasters take a gloomy....................of the country's economy.
A. regard B. aspect , C. view D. outlook
gloss over duck out of tide over wind down string up peg away at level with own up
1.The film was well researched , but it ………..the important issues. Glossed over
2. I’ll ……….you – the salalry’s not particulary good, and there is little chance of promotion. Leveled with
3. The government is …………….its nuclear programme. Winding down
4. He ought to be …………….for what he said about his mother. Strung up
5. You can’t ……………..your responsibilites. Duck out of
6. I am not really good at math, but I’ve got to kepp ……………if I want to get into an engineering programme. Pegging away
7. No one has ……….to stealing the money. Owned up
8. Could you lend me some money to ………..me……..to the end of the month?
1.Gradually , almost (perceive)…………….her condition had worsened. Imperceptibly
2.The (intelligence)………………doesn’t seek knowledge for the purpose of better understanding the world, but rather to enhance their image. Pseudo-intellectual
3. He was fined for (person)……………..a police officer. Impersonating
4. London is roughly (equal)……………………….from Oxford and Cambridge. Equidistant
5. His essays are models of clarity and (brief)…………………. Brevity
6. He’s slightly aggressive , which a lot of people find it (put)………..when they first meet him. Off-putting
7. At this hospital we use up bandages, disposable gloves and other (consume)………..at an alarming rate. Consumables
8. A heartless (trick)…………swindled the elderly woman out of her life savings. Trickster
9. All active ingredients of this soap powder are 98% (grade)………….within 3 days. Biodegradable
10. (Intend)………………development projects can have unintended negative effects on population control.
1.His bruises added …………..to his statement that he had been beaten.
A. credence B. stature . C. guile . D. affinity
2. She opened a window to allow the smoke from the burnt meal to_____.
A. debilitate B. extricate C. dissipate D. evaporate
3. Their …………….goal was to clean up government corruption, but their real aim was aot unseat the government. A. posthumous
B. ostensible C. laborious D. express
4. The abandoned warehouse was used by smugglers to hide_____.
A. merchandise B. spoils C. fodder D. contraband
5. Many hours of ………..preparation have gone into writing the book.
A. equivocal B. magnanimous C.garrulous D. meticulous
6. He decided to withdraw from the powerboat race as he had a(n)_____of danger.
A. interim B. foreboding C. dearth D. prediction
7. Mother Nature has provided the island with a_____supply of natural resources.
A. vociferous B. viable C. gregarious D. bountiful
8. When he started that company, he really went -______. It might have been a disaster.
A. out on the limb B. on and off C. over the odds D. once too often
9. He's doing____________ again, this time for armed robbery.
A. gauntlet B. powder C. skeleton D. porridge
10. She______scorn on his plans to get rich quickly.
A. threw B. splashed C. poured D. spread
11. As soon as their policies became popular, all the other parties started to _______._____on the bandwagon.
A. jump B. heap C.join D. walk
12. There arc $25,000 worth of prizes up for__ _____ in our competition.
A. grasps B. grabs C. cracks D. crabs
13. The fighting has stopped, so to__________, the war is over.
A. prim and proper B. pins and needles
C. intents and purposes D. chop and change
14. Id like to take______with you about what you have just said.
A. words B. discussion C. issue D. matter
15. I promise you he's_______. He's never been involved in anything criminal.
A. spoilt for choice B. below par C. off the peg D. on the level
16.I really must go and lie down for a while; I' ve got a................. headache.
A. cutting B. ringing C-. splitting D. cracking
17. He was.................... to steal the money when he saw it lying on the table.
A. attracted B. dragged C. tempted D. brought
18. Michael was the.................force behind the company's rapid expansion,
A-driving B. managing C. leading D. rising
19. He was blind by the.................of the approaching car's headlights.
A.glare B. gleam C. glow D. flare
20. Hie forecasters take a gloomy....................of the country's economy.
A. regard B. aspect , C. view D. outlook
gloss over duck out of tide over wind down string up peg away at level with own up
1.The film was well researched , but it ………..the important issues. Glossed over
2. I’ll ……….you – the salalry’s not particulary good, and there is little chance of promotion. Leveled with
3. The government is …………….its nuclear programme. Winding down
4. He ought to be …………….for what he said about his mother. Strung up
5. You can’t ……………..your responsibilites. Duck out of
6. I am not really good at math, but I’ve got to kepp ……………if I want to get into an engineering programme. Pegging away
7. No one has ……….to stealing the money. Owned up
8. Could you lend me some money to ………..me……..to the end of the month?
1.Gradually , almost (perceive)…………….her condition had worsened. Imperceptibly
2.The (intelligence)………………doesn’t seek knowledge for the purpose of better understanding the world, but rather to enhance their image. Pseudo-intellectual
3. He was fined for (person)……………..a police officer. Impersonating
4. London is roughly (equal)……………………….from Oxford and Cambridge. Equidistant
5. His essays are models of clarity and (brief)…………………. Brevity
6. He’s slightly aggressive , which a lot of people find it (put)………..when they first meet him. Off-putting
7. At this hospital we use up bandages, disposable gloves and other (consume)………..at an alarming rate. Consumables
8. A heartless (trick)…………swindled the elderly woman out of her life savings. Trickster
9. All active ingredients of this soap powder are 98% (grade)………….within 3 days. Biodegradable
10. (Intend)………………development projects can have unintended negative effects on population control.