Business culture cases - Business English | Trường Đại học Hùng Vương

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Case 1: Glass ceiling
Women’s rights and gender equity can be considered a subset of human rights. While the number
of women in the workforce has increased substantially worldwide, most are still experiencing the
effects of a “glass ceiling,” meaning that it is difficult, if not impossible, to reach the upper
management positions.
Japan is a good example because both harassment and a glass ceiling have existed in the
workplace. Sexual arassment also remains a major social issue in Japan. Many women college
graduates in Japan are still offered only secretarial or low-level jobs. Japanese management still
believes that women will quit and get married within a few years of employment, leading to a two-
track recruiting process: one for men and one for women.40,41 Japan ranked 101st in the “gender
gap index” study by the World Economic Forum, an international nonprofit organization that
measured the economic opportunities and political empowerment of women by nation in 2015.
Iceland ranked no. 1, and the U.S. was no. 28. Japanese women make up only 8 percent of senior
executives and managers, a tiny share compared with 21 percent in the U.S., 38 percent in China,
and 26 percent in France, according to Grant Thornton’s 2015 Women in Business report. Two-
thirds of Japanese businesses still have no female members on their senior leadership teams.
Equal employment opportunities may be more troubled in Japan than other countries, but the glass
ceiling is pervasive throughout the world. Today, women earn less than men for the same job in the
United States, although progress has been made in this regard. France, Germany, and Great Britain
have seen an increase in the number of women not only in the workforce but also in management
positions. Unfortunately, women in management tend to represent only the lower level and do not
seem to have the resources to move up in the company. This is partially due to social factors and
perceived levels of opportunity or lack thereof. The United States, France, Germany, and Great
Britain all have equal opportunity initiatives, whether they are guaranteed by law or are represented
by growing social groups. Despite the existence of equal opportunity in French and German law, the
National Organization for Women in the United States, and British legislation, there is no guarantee
that initiatives will be implemented. It is a difficult journey as women attempt to make their mark in
the workplace, but soon it may be possible for them to break through the glass ceiling. (Source:
Luthans & Doh).
1. What does "glass ceiling" mean? What challenges can entrepreneurs face when doing business
in Japan due to the "glass ceiling" issue?
2. Do you believe that the "glass ceiling" issue will continue to be improved in various countries?
Why?
1. The "glass ceiling" refers to an invisible barrier hindering women's advancement to higher
positions in the workplace. Entrepreneurs in Japan face challenges such as difficulty in recruiting
female talent, limited diversity in leadership, legal risks, and cultural impacts due to this issue.
2. Yes, the "glass ceiling" issue is likely to continue improving in various countries due to increasing
awareness and advocacy, legal reforms promoting gender equality, corporate diversity initiatives,
and evolving societal norms challenging gender inequality in the workplace.
1. "Mặt kính ngăn chặn" (glass ceiling) là thuật ngữ chỉ sự cản trở vô hình ngăn cản phụ nữ tiến
thăng đến các vị trí cao hơn trong nơi làm việc. Doanh nhân ở Nhật Bản phải đối mặt với các thách
thức như khó khăn trong việc tuyển dụng nhân tài nữ, sự đa dạng hạn chế trong lãnh đạo, rủi ro
pháp lý và danh tiếng, và ảnh hưởng văn hóa do vn đề này.
2. Có, vấn đề "mặt kính ngăn chặn" có khả năng tiếp tục được cải thiện ở nhiều quốc gia khác nhau
do sự nhận thức và việc bảo vệ ngày càng tăng, các cải cách pháp lý thúc đẩy sự bình đẳng giới,
các sáng kiến đa dạng của doanh nghiệp, và các chuẩn mực xã hội đang thay đổi thách thức sự
bất bình đẳng giới trong nơi làm việc.
Case 2: IKEA in Saudi Arabia
Sweden’s global retailer IKEA prides itself on its Scandinavian flair, with simple and clean lines
throughout its product lines and its avant-garde advertising campaigns. But when the company
entered the conservative Islamic Saudi market recently, it faced a new market reality. In a country
where women dress in conventional black Saudi attire, IKEA wanted to avoid antagonizing the local
population and government regulators and so deleted images of women from their
advertisements used in that country. But while the Saudi market was apparently satisfied, IKEA
came under strong criticism from its home country – and the Swedish government – for “selling out”
its traditional Swedish commitment to gender equality. IKEA’s strong egalitarian corporate culture
was called into question. (Source: Steers & Orland, p.234).
1. Do you think IKEA should remove images of women from their advertisements used in Saudi
market? Why?
Case 3. CSR of Unilever and Lego
Unilever. British-Dutch Unilever is a huge multinational corporation in the food and beverage
industry with a comprehensive CSR strategy. The company has been ranked “food industry leader”
in the Dow Jones Sustainability World Indices for eleven consecutive years and ranked seventh in
the “Global 100 Most Sustainable Corporations in the World.” One of their unique initiatives is the
sustainable tea program, where a partnership-based model with the Rainforest Alliance (an NGO)
aims to source all of its Lipton and PG Tips tea bags from Rainforest Alliance Certified farms. The
Rainforest Alliance Certification offers farms a way to differentiate their products as being socially,
economically, andenvironmentally sustainable.
LEGO. This Danish toy maker was recently ranked number one in CSR by the well-respected
Reputation Institute. How did LEGO become #1 in CSR? There are many reasons. LEGO recently
set records for its energy conservation, increasing its efficiency per LEGO brick produced by more
than 12 percent. It also engaged with key suppliers to reduce their carbon emissions in the full
supply chain. It joined the World Wildlife Fund’s Climate Savers Program, and met or exceeded all
the program’s climate targets. It invested $900 million (800 million euros) in two offshore wind farms
and in research and development to build more sustainable materials. After four years of effort, the
LEGO Group achieved its ambition to balance 100 percent of its energyuse with energy from
renewable sources. To celebrate, LEGO built the largest ever LEGO brick wind turbine, a Guinness
World Records title, and challenged children around the world to create their own renewable energy
solutions. (Source: Steers & Orland, p.250-251).
1. Unilever and Lego believe that CSR is a good business decision not because it is a nice
thing to do or because people are forcing them to do it, and because it is good for business.
If CSR is such a good thing, why is it so difficult to convince some companies and industries
to be more socially responsible? What would you suggest to change this situation? Explain.
Some companies and industries are difficult to persuade to implement CSR for several
reasons, including:
Financial pressure: Some companies may perceive CSR as an additional cost and
may not want to invest further in social initiatives.
Other priorities: In some cases, companies may prioritize short-term profit
optimization over investing in CSR.
Lack of awareness: Some businesses may not fully understand or recognize the
value of CSR to them and may perceive it as unrelated to their business operations.
To change this situation, several measures can be implemented:
Education and awareness: Enhance education and create awareness programs about
the value and benefits of CSR for businesses, communities, and the environment.
Business opportunities: Demonstrate that CSR can bring business benefits by
creating new business opportunities, improving brand image, and increasing support
from customers and communities.
Government regulation and support: Governments can implement incentives or
regulations to encourage companies to implement CSR and provide financial or
technical support to promote social initiatives.
In summary, persuading various companies and industries to implement CSR
requires increasing education, creating business opportunities, and government
support.
Unilever và Lego tin rằng CSR một quyết định kinh doanh tốt không chỉ vì điều tốt đẹp để
làm hoặc họ bị ép buộc mànó là tốt cho kinh doanh. Nếu CSR là điều tốt đẹp như vậy, tại sao
lại khó khăn để thuyết phục một số công ty ngành công nghiệp khác nhau để thực hiện trách
nhiệm xã hội hơn? Đề xuất của bạn để thay đổi tình hình này là gì? Hãy giải thích.
Một số công ty ngành công nghiệp khó khăn để thuyết phục thực hiện CSR một sốdo, bao
gồm:
1. Áp lực tài chính: Một số công ty có thể nhìn nhận CSR là một chi phí thêm và không muốn đầu tư
thêm vào các sáng kiến xã hội.
2. Ưu tiên khác: Trong một số trường hợp, các công ty thể tập trung vào việc tối ưu hóa lợi
nhuận ngắn hạn hơn là đầu tư vào CSR.
3. Thiếu nhận thức: Một số doanh nghiệp có thể không hiểu rõ hoặc không nhận ra giá trị của CSR
đối với họ và cho rằng nó không liên quan đến hoạt động kinh doanh của họ.
Để thay đổi tình hình này, có một số biện pháp có thể thực hiện:
1. Giáo dục tạo nhận thức: Tăng cường giáo dục tạo ra các chương trình giới thiệu về giá trị
và lợi ích của CSR đối với doanh nghiệp, cng đồng và môi trường.
2. Tạo ra hội kinh doanh: Chứng minh rằng CSR thể mang lại lợi ích kinh doanh bằng cách
tạo ra hội kinh doanh mới, cải thiện hình ảnh thương hiệu tăng cường sự hỗ trợ từ phía
khách hàng và cộng đồng.
3. Quy định hỗ trợ chính phủ: Chính phủ thể áp dụng các biện pháp khuyến khích hoặc quy
định để động viên các công ty thực hiện CSR cung cấp hỗ trợ tài chính hoặc kỹ thuật để thúc
đẩy các sáng kiến xã hội.
Tóm lại, để thuyết phục các công ty ngành công nghiệp khác nhau thực hiện CSR, cần tăng
cường giáo dục, tạo ra cơ hội kinh doanh và hỗ trợ từ chính phủ.
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Preview text:

Case 1: Glass ceiling
Women’s rights and gender equity can be considered a subset of human rights. While the number
of women in the workforce has increased substantially worldwide, most are still experiencing the
effects of a “glass ceiling,” meaning that it is difficult, if not impossible, to reach the upper management positions.
Japan is a good example because both harassment and a glass ceiling have existed in the
workplace. Sexual arassment also remains a major social issue in Japan. Many women college
graduates in Japan are still offered only secretarial or low-level jobs. Japanese management still
believes that women will quit and get married within a few years of employment, leading to a two-
track recruiting process: one for men and one for women.40,41 Japan ranked 101st in the “gender
gap index” study by the World Economic Forum, an international nonprofit organization that
measured the economic opportunities and political empowerment of women by nation in 2015.
Iceland ranked no. 1, and the U.S. was no. 28. Japanese women make up only 8 percent of senior
executives and managers, a tiny share compared with 21 percent in the U.S., 38 percent in China,
and 26 percent in France, according to Grant Thornton’s 2015 Women in Business report. Two-
thirds of Japanese businesses still have no female members on their senior leadership teams.
Equal employment opportunities may be more troubled in Japan than other countries, but the glass
ceiling is pervasive throughout the world. Today, women earn less than men for the same job in the
United States, although progress has been made in this regard. France, Germany, and Great Britain
have seen an increase in the number of women not only in the workforce but also in management
positions. Unfortunately, women in management tend to represent only the lower level and do not
seem to have the resources to move up in the company. This is partially due to social factors and
perceived levels of opportunity or lack thereof. The United States, France, Germany, and Great
Britain all have equal opportunity initiatives, whether they are guaranteed by law or are represented
by growing social groups. Despite the existence of equal opportunity in French and German law, the
National Organization for Women in the United States, and British legislation, there is no guarantee
that initiatives will be implemented. It is a difficult journey as women attempt to make their mark in
the workplace, but soon it may be possible for them to break through the glass ceiling. (Source: Luthans & Doh).
1. What does "glass ceiling" mean? What challenges can entrepreneurs face when doing business
in Japan due to the "glass ceiling" issue?
2. Do you believe that the "glass ceiling" issue will continue to be improved in various countries? Why?
1. The "glass ceiling" refers to an invisible barrier hindering women's advancement to higher
positions in the workplace. Entrepreneurs in Japan face challenges such as difficulty in recruiting
female talent, limited diversity in leadership, legal risks, and cultural impacts due to this issue.
2. Yes, the "glass ceiling" issue is likely to continue improving in various countries due to increasing
awareness and advocacy, legal reforms promoting gender equality, corporate diversity initiatives,
and evolving societal norms challenging gender inequality in the workplace.
1. "Mặt kính ngăn chặn" (glass ceiling) là thuật ngữ chỉ sự cản trở vô hình ngăn cản phụ nữ tiến
thăng đến các vị trí cao hơn trong nơi làm việc. Doanh nhân ở Nhật Bản phải đối mặt với các thách
thức như khó khăn trong việc tuyển dụng nhân tài nữ, sự đa dạng hạn chế trong lãnh đạo, rủi ro
pháp lý và danh tiếng, và ảnh hưởng văn hóa do vấn đề này.
2. Có, vấn đề "mặt kính ngăn chặn" có khả năng tiếp tục được cải thiện ở nhiều quốc gia khác nhau
do sự nhận thức và việc bảo vệ ngày càng tăng, các cải cách pháp lý thúc đẩy sự bình đẳng giới,
các sáng kiến đa dạng của doanh nghiệp, và các chuẩn mực xã hội đang thay đổi thách thức sự
bất bình đẳng giới trong nơi làm việc.
Case 2: IKEA in Saudi Arabia
Sweden’s global retailer IKEA prides itself on its Scandinavian flair, with simple and clean lines
throughout its product lines and its avant-garde advertising campaigns. But when the company
entered the conservative Islamic Saudi market recently, it faced a new market reality. In a country
where women dress in conventional black Saudi attire, IKEA wanted to avoid antagonizing the local
population – and government regulators – and so deleted images of women from their
advertisements used in that country. But while the Saudi market was apparently satisfied, IKEA
came under strong criticism from its home country – and the Swedish government – for “selling out”
its traditional Swedish commitment to gender equality. IKEA’s strong egalitarian corporate culture
was called into question. (Source: Steers & Orland, p.234).
1. Do you think IKEA should remove images of women from their advertisements used in Saudi market? Why?
Case 3. CSR of Unilever and Lego
Unilever. British-Dutch Unilever is a huge multinational corporation in the food and beverage
industry with a comprehensive CSR strategy. The company has been ranked “food industry leader”
in the Dow Jones Sustainability World Indices for eleven consecutive years and ranked seventh in
the “Global 100 Most Sustainable Corporations in the World.” One of their unique initiatives is the
sustainable tea program, where a partnership-based model with the Rainforest Alliance (an NGO)
aims to source all of its Lipton and PG Tips tea bags from Rainforest Alliance Certified farms. The
Rainforest Alliance Certification offers farms a way to differentiate their products as being socially,
economically, andenvironmentally sustainable.
LEGO. This Danish toy maker was recently ranked number one in CSR by the well-respected
Reputation Institute. How did LEGO become #1 in CSR? There are many reasons. LEGO recently
set records for its energy conservation, increasing its efficiency per LEGO brick produced by more
than 12 percent. It also engaged with key suppliers to reduce their carbon emissions in the full
supply chain. It joined the World Wildlife Fund’s Climate Savers Program, and met or exceeded all
the program’s climate targets. It invested $900 million (800 million euros) in two offshore wind farms
and in research and development to build more sustainable materials. After four years of effort, the
LEGO Group achieved its ambition to balance 100 percent of its energyuse with energy from
renewable sources. To celebrate, LEGO built the largest ever LEGO brick wind turbine, a Guinness
World Records title, and challenged children around the world to create their own renewable energy
solutions. (Source: Steers & Orland, p.250-251).
1. Unilever and Lego believe that CSR is a good business decision not because it is a nice
thing to do or because people are forcing them to do it, and because it is good for business.
If CSR is such a good thing, why is it so difficult to convince some companies and industries
to be more socially responsible? What would you suggest to change this situation? Explain.
Some companies and industries are difficult to persuade to implement CSR for several reasons, including: 
Financial pressure: Some companies may perceive CSR as an additional cost and
may not want to invest further in social initiatives. 
Other priorities: In some cases, companies may prioritize short-term profit
optimization over investing in CSR. 
Lack of awareness: Some businesses may not fully understand or recognize the
value of CSR to them and may perceive it as unrelated to their business operations.
To change this situation, several measures can be implemented: 
Education and awareness: Enhance education and create awareness programs about
the value and benefits of CSR for businesses, communities, and the environment. 
Business opportunities: Demonstrate that CSR can bring business benefits by
creating new business opportunities, improving brand image, and increasing support
from customers and communities. 
Government regulation and support: Governments can implement incentives or
regulations to encourage companies to implement CSR and provide financial or
technical support to promote social initiatives. 
In summary, persuading various companies and industries to implement CSR
requires increasing education, creating business opportunities, and government support.
Unilever và Lego tin rằng CSR là một quyết định kinh doanh tốt không chỉ vì nó là điều tốt đẹp để
làm hoặc vì họ bị ép buộc mà vì nó là tốt cho kinh doanh. Nếu CSR là điều tốt đẹp như vậy, tại sao
lại khó khăn để thuyết phục một số công ty và ngành công nghiệp khác nhau để thực hiện trách
nhiệm xã hội hơn? Đề xuất của bạn để thay đổi tình hình này là gì? Hãy giải thích.
Một số công ty và ngành công nghiệp khó khăn để thuyết phục thực hiện CSR vì một số lý do, bao gồm:
1. Áp lực tài chính: Một số công ty có thể nhìn nhận CSR là một chi phí thêm và không muốn đầu tư
thêm vào các sáng kiến xã hội.
2. Ưu tiên khác: Trong một số trường hợp, các công ty có thể tập trung vào việc tối ưu hóa lợi
nhuận ngắn hạn hơn là đầu tư vào CSR.
3. Thiếu nhận thức: Một số doanh nghiệp có thể không hiểu rõ hoặc không nhận ra giá trị của CSR
đối với họ và cho rằng nó không liên quan đến hoạt động kinh doanh của họ.
Để thay đổi tình hình này, có một số biện pháp có thể thực hiện:
1. Giáo dục và tạo nhận thức: Tăng cường giáo dục và tạo ra các chương trình giới thiệu về giá trị
và lợi ích của CSR đối với doanh nghiệp, cộng đồng và môi trường.
2. Tạo ra cơ hội kinh doanh: Chứng minh rằng CSR có thể mang lại lợi ích kinh doanh bằng cách
tạo ra cơ hội kinh doanh mới, cải thiện hình ảnh thương hiệu và tăng cường sự hỗ trợ từ phía
khách hàng và cộng đồng.
3. Quy định và hỗ trợ chính phủ: Chính phủ có thể áp dụng các biện pháp khuyến khích hoặc quy
định để động viên các công ty thực hiện CSR và cung cấp hỗ trợ tài chính hoặc kỹ thuật để thúc
đẩy các sáng kiến xã hội.
Tóm lại, để thuyết phục các công ty và ngành công nghiệp khác nhau thực hiện CSR, cần tăng
cường giáo dục, tạo ra cơ hội kinh doanh và hỗ trợ từ chính phủ.