CáC KIểu Câu-10
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KIỂM TRA BÀI CŨ
I. VOCABULARY
Bài 1: Chọn đáp án đúng
The library is very modern, so all rooms are easily ______ to students.
A. boosting B. accessible C. cheerful
The company will ______ the new product next Monday on their website.
A. announce B. donate C. confide
Our teacher always speaks very ______ so everyone understands her clearly.
A. confidently B. confusingly C. communal
The new mobile app helped ______ my English learning because it has fun exercises.
A. access B. boost C. deliver
Tom looked ______ after he read the difficult instructions.
A. generous B. delivered C. confused
Many people in the ______ worked together to clean the park last weekend.
A. community B. donation C. announcement
My friend tried to ______ his feelings to me because he trusted me.
A. confuse B. confide C. boost
The volunteers ______ clothes and food to families in need.
A. accessed B. delivered C. announced
Everyone felt very ______ when they heard the good news about the school event.
A. cheerful B. accessible C. communal
She decided to ______ money to help children in the hospital.
A. donate B. confuse C. boost
Bài 2: Chia dạng đúng của từ (danh từ, tính từ, động từ)
Ví dụ: Events like festivals help bring people together and create a strong __________ feeling.
(commune → communal)
The manager made an important __________ this morning.
(announce)
My sister is very __________; she always shares her snacks with everyone.
(generous)
Can you give me __________ to this file?
(access)
The instructions were so long that they caused a lot of __________.
(confuse)
The company will make a big __________ to the local charity.
(donate)
The parcel is not _________ yet; it will arrive tomorrow.
(deliver)
He answered the question very __________ because he was sure about it.
(confident)
II. GRAMMAR
Chia động từ ở dạng đúng
- Every Friday, our class usually ____________ (have) a small test after lunch.
- Listen! The children ____________ (shout) outside. They must be playing football again.
- I can’t answer the phone right now because I ____________ (cook) dinner.
- She rarely ____________ (feel) nervous before exams, but today she looks worried.
- Don’t worry. I ____________ (help) you carry those boxes in a moment.
- This time tomorrow, we ____________ (travel) to Da Nang by train.
- When I arrived yesterday, it ____________ (rain) heavily, so I waited inside.
- My parents ____________ (not agree) with my plan at first, but later they supported me.
- Be quiet! He ____________ (try) to concentrate on his assignment.
- I think our team ____________ (win) the match. They’re really confident today.
- At 8 p.m. last night, I ____________ (read) a book when my friend called.
- She usually ____________ (not eat) breakfast, but today she made an omelet.
- Look at the clouds! It ____________ (rain) soon.
- I didn’t understand the lesson because I ____________ (not listen) carefully.
- Tomorrow at 7 a.m., I ____________ (meet) my manager to discuss the project.
- When we were kids, we often ____________ (play) in the garden after school.
- He can’t join us tonight. He ____________ (study) for his English test.
- My sister always ____________ (borrow) my clothes without asking first.
- I promise I ____________ (send) you the report before noon.
- While they ____________ (walk) to the bus stop, they found a lost puppy.
CÁC KIỂU CÂU TRONG TIẾNG ANH
I. Câu ghép
Câu ghép (compound sentences) là dạng câu được hình thành bởi 2 hoặc nhiều mệnh đề độc lập. Các mệnh đề này được nối với nhau bởi các từ nối (liên từ/trạng từ) hoặc dấu chấm phẩy (;).
Mệnh đề độc lập là mệnh đề có đầy đủ chủ ngữ, vị ngữ và luôn có nghĩa khi đứng một mình.
Ví dụ: It suddenly rained, so we got wet yesterday. (Trời đột nhiên mưa nên chúng tôi đã bị ướt vào hôm qua.)
→ Mệnh đề 1: It suddenly rained.
→ Mệnh đề 2: We got wet yesterday.
→ Từ nối: So
Các thành lập câu ghép trong tiếng Anh
NHÓM 1: Sử dụng liên từ nối + MỆNH ĐỀ
Các liên từ phổ biến được sử dụng để nối trong câu ghép gồm 7 liên từ được gọi tắt là F.A.N.B.O.Y.S
For : Bởi vì => Dùng để chỉ nguyên nhân And : Và => Dùng để thêm ý kiến Nor : Cũng không => Dùng để bổ sung một ý kiến phủ định But : Nhưng => Dùng để chỉ sự trái ngược Or : Hoặc => Dùng để chỉ sự lựa chọn Yet : Nhưng => Dùng để chỉ ý kiến trái ngược So : Vậy nên => Dùng để nói về kết quả |
Để sử dụng liên từ nối đúng cách, ta cần nhớ cấu trúc sau đây:
Mệnh đề, F.A.N.B.O.Y.S + Mệnh đề
Ví dụ:
Her family planned to go to the beach this summer, but the mother was sick. (Họ đã định đi biển mùa hè này nhưng người mẹ lại bị ốm.)
Lisa’s house is seriously degraded, so she is going to move to a new apartment. (Ngôi nhà của Lisa bị xuống cấp trầm trọng nên cô ấy sẽ chuyển đến một nhà chung cư mới.)
My daughter wants to have a cat for her birthday, for cats is very cute. (Con gái tôi muốn một chú mèo cho ngày sinh nhật, vì mèo rất đáng yêu.)
NHÓM 2: LIÊN TỪ NỐI + DANH TỪ/ CỤM DANH TỪ
Because of + N = Due to + N = Owing to + N: Bởi vì In spite of + N = Despite + N: Mặc dù Instead of + N: Thay vì According to + N: Theo như Before + N After + N … |
NHÓM 3: LIÊN TỪ NỐI + DẤU PHẨY
However : Tuy nhiên Furthermore : Thêm nữa Otherwise : Ngoài ra Moreover : Hơn nữa Similarly : Tương tự Especially : Đặc biệt In fact : Sự thật là Meanwhile : Trong khi đó |
Để sử dụng trạng từ nối đúng cách, ta cần nhớ cấu trúc sau đây:
Mệnh đề; trạng từ nối, Mệnh đề
Ví dụ:
I like to watch an adventure movie; however, my friends want to watch a comedy. (Tôi thích xem một bộ phim phiêu lưu, tuy nhiên bạn tôi lại muốn xem một bộ phim hài.)
His new house is quite large; otherwise, there is a garden in the backyard. (Nhà mới của anh ấy khá rộng, ngoài ra, có một cái vườn ở sân sau nữa.)
II. Câu đơn:
Câu đơn là câu chỉ có một mệnh đề chính (một chủ ngữ và một vị ngữ) và mệnh đề này phải luôn có nghĩa.
III. Câu phức:
Câu phức là câu có một mệnh đề chính và một hoặc nhiều mệnh đề phụ
+ Mệnh đề chính là mệnh đề độc lập (independent), có thể đứng một mình mà vẫn rõ nghĩa.
+ Mệnh đề phụ là mệnh đề phụ thuộc (dependent), không thể đứng 1 mình.
Các mệnh đề trong câu phức được nối với nhau bằng dấu phẩy (,) hoặc các liên từ phụ thuộc.
Một số liên từ phụ thuộc:
After : Sau đó
Before : Trước đó
Although : Mặc dù
As / Because : Bởi vì
When : Khi mà
While : Trong khi
Unless : Trừ khi
Exercise 1. Complete the sentences with the words given: and, but, or, so, for.
1. I feel tired, _______ I feel weak.
2. The Japanese eat healthily, _______ they live for a long time.
3. I have the flu, _______ I don’t feel very tired.
4. You should eat less fast food, _______ you can put on weight.
5. You can go and see the doctor, _______ you can go to bed now and rest.
6. The Japanese eat a lot of rice, _______ they eat lots of fish, too.
7. I want to eat ice-cream, _______ I have a sore throat
8. You should eat less fast food, _______ you can put on weight.
9. Americans often eat fast food, _______ many of them are overweight.
10. You can walk, _______ you can ride a bike to get there.
Exercise 2. Combine sentences, using appropriate coordinating conjunction in the box.
1. You may have an allergy. Be careful with what you eat and drink. (so)
→ __________________________________________________.
2. Tom has a temperature. Tom has a sore throat. (and)
→ __________________________________________________.
3. I want to buy another car. I have no money. (but)
→ __________________________________________________.
4. It’s raining. I will stay at home and sleep. (so)
→ __________________________________________________.
5. I passed the test. My parents took me to the cinema. (therefore)
→ __________________________________________________.
6. I feel sleepy. I must finish the report. (however)
→ __________________________________________________.
7. His shoes are worn. He has no socks. (for)
→ __________________________________________________.
8. I enjoy visiting many different countries. I wouldn’t want to live overseas. (yet)
→ __________________________________________________.
9. She doesn’t like vegetables. She doesn’t eat fruit. (nor)
→ __________________________________________________.
10. Paul has a three – week holiday. He has enough money to travel. (moreover)
→ __________________________________________________.
Exercise 3. Combine two sentences to form a complete compound sentence.
1. I have a busy schedule. I’ll find a way to make time for my hobbies.
→ __________________________________________________.
2. The weather was terrible. They decided to postpone the outdoor event.
→ __________________________________________________.
3. The novel was long and complex. I couldn’t put it down until I finished it.
→ __________________________________________________.
4. The movie received critical acclaim. It also performed well at the box office.
→ __________________________________________________.
5. I’m studying for my exams. I’ll take a break to relax and recharge.
→ __________________________________________________.
6. He worked for a woman. She used to be an artist.
→ __________________________________________________.
7. They called a doctor. He lived nearby.
→ __________________________________________________.
8. I wrote an email to my sister. She lives in Italy.
→ __________________________________________________.
9. Linh liked the waiter. He was very friendly.
→ __________________________________________________.
10. We broke a car. It belonged to my uncle.
→ __________________________________________________.
Exercise 4. Complete the sentences with the words given: so, but, while, because, or, although.
1. I haven’t really studied for this exam, _______ feel a little nervous.
2. I told him not to come, _______ he came anyway.
3. _______ I was really tired, I took a nap for 15 minutes.
4. _______ she likes to play basketball, her favorite sport is tennis.
5. _______ it was really hot outside, I wore shorts.
6. I was on time, _______ everyone else was late.
7. Nadia doesn’t like to drive, _______ she takes the bus everywhere.
8. Keep quiet _______ go out.
9. I turned on the fan _______ the room was hot.
10. Carol showed up for the meeting _______ I asked her not to be there.
Exercise 6. Arrange the following sentences into complete compound sentences.
1. walks to work/ John/ every day/ in the morning/.
2. They/ and/ swam/ in/ went to/ the/ beach/ the/ sea/.
3. couldn’t/ sleep/ last/ night/ She/ because/ of/ the/ noise/.
4. after/ school/ does/ her/ homework/ and/ then/ goes/ to/ soccer/ practice/.
5. we’ll/ have/ to/ If/ it/ rains/ stay/ indoors/.
6. pizza/ but/ he/ loves/ He/ likes/ pasta/.
7. didn’t/ have/ enough/ money/ They/ wanted/ to/ go/ on/ vacation/ this year/.
8. The/ cat/ sat/ watched/ the/ birds/ outside/ on/ the/ windowsill/ and/.
9. She/ and/ then/ celebrated/ finished/ her/ project/ with/ her/ friends/.
10. loves/ to read/ the/ library/ books/ She/ and/ often/ visits/.
Exercise 7. Chọn đáp án đúng.
1. He is the right man for the job; accordingly / additionally, he has all the required experience.
2. Jack easily gets angry; otherwise / consequently, nobody talks to him.
3. She likes children; in fact / as a result, she loves them so much.
4. Andrea was badly hurt; however / moreover, he recovered fast.
5. He missed his train; therefore / however, he managed to go to the company on time.
6. Mario studies well; besides / as a result, he scores well.
7. Everybody wants to succeed; nevertheless / furthermore, not everyone puts in the required effort.
8. Charlie must be driving back home; therefore / additionally, he is not receiving your call.
9. The cost of materials rose sharply last year; accordingly / in fact, we were forced to increase our prices.
10. Agatha Christie was a well-known detective author, but besides / nevertheless that, few people know she also worked as a pharmacist’s assistant.
Cách Chuyển Từ Mệnh Đề Sang Cụm Danh Từ
1) Nếu chủ ngữ của 2 mệnh đề là giống nhau: Bỏ chủ ngữ đi, biến đổi động từ về dạng Ving.
Ex: Although Hai is handsome, he has got no girlfriend yet. –> In spite of being handsome, Hai has got no girlfriend yet. (mặc dù bạn Hải đẹp trai nhưng mà bạn ý chưa có bạn gái nào cả)
2) Mệnh đề có cấu trúc Although/though/even though + N (danh từ) + be + adj, S + V + O: bỏ be, đảo adj nên trước N
Ex: Although the rain was heavy, Ngoc Sang still came to see Cuc. –> Despite the heavy rain, Ngoc Sang still came to see Cuc. (Trời mưa rất to nhưng mà bạn Ngọc Sáng vẫn tới thăm bạn Cúc)
3) Mệnh đề có cấu trúc Although S (đại từ) + be + adj, S + V + O: đổi đại từ về dạng sở hữu, bỏ be, đổi tính từ về danh từ.
Ex: Although Quynh is charming, Hai still ignores her to come to Luyen –> In spite of Quynh’s charm, Hai still ignores her to come to Luyen ( Bất chấp vẻ đẹp quyến rũ của Quỳnh, Hải vẫn thờ ơ cô ấy để đến bên Luyến)
4) Mệnh đề có dạng Although + S + V + adv: đổi S thành sở hữu, chuyển adv thành adj, đổi V thành N.
Ex: Though Quyet behaved badly, Mr. CVA did not take it into his mind. –> In spite of Quyet’s bad behavior, Mr. CVA did not take it into his mind (Mặc dù Quyết Lexus cư xử rất tệ nhưng anh Chết Vì Ăn không để bụng tí nào cả.
5) Mệnh đề có dạng Although there be N, S + V + O : bỏ “there be” đi.
Ex: Although there was an accident, the traffic went smoothly.
–> In spite of an accident, the traffic went smoothly.
6) Mẹo: thêm “the fact that S + V + O” vào sau In spite of/Despite/Because of. (cái này không khuyến khích nhé)
Ex: Although I admire her achievements, I do not like her –> In spite of the fact that I admire her achievement, I do not like her.
7) Khi sử dụng để chỉ thời tiết Although it be adj: bỏ “it be”, đổi adj thành “the N”
Ex: Although it was rainy, we still went out for a picnic. –> In spite of the rain, we still went out for a picnic (Mặc dù trời mưa nhưng mà chúng tôi vẫn ra ngoài đi píc níc –> Dở :D)
8) Phía sau although là bị động –> chuyển thành cấu trúc “the + N + of + N”
Ex: Though the book is edited, it has so many mistakes –> In spite of the edition of the book, it has so many mistakes.
BÀI TẬP
1. Complete the sentences. Use “because” or “because of”
1. Liz borrowed some money ___________ she wants to buy a car. (because/ because of)
2. Jack travelled a lot ___________ his job. (because/ because of)
3. Manir and Alberto were late ___________ a flat tire. (because/ because of)
4. Kim studied for three hours ___________ he had a big test. (because/ because of)
5. Aldie moved to the city ___________ her husband’s job. (because/ because of)
6. Tony couldn’t drive his car _________ the broken window. (because/ because of)
7. Koka couldn’t sleep last night _____________ she had a headache. (because/ because of)
2. Rewrite the following sentences as indicated
1. Although I was late, I didn’t miss the bus
In spite of _______________________________________
2. Despite the rain, they went to the football match
Although ________________________________________
3. Kate never learnt Spanish. She lived in Spain for years
Though _________________________________________
4. I got very wet in the rain. I had an umbrella
Although ________________________________________
5. They have very little money. They are happy.
In spite of ________________________________________
6. David smokes. He seems to be in good health
Although _________________________________________
3. Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không thay đổi
1. Although Nam is not an intelligent student, he can learn very fast.
=> Despite/ In spite of______________________________________.
2. Because Hoa was rich, she could buy that house.
=> Because of______________________________________.
3. Because the rain was so heavy, I couldn't go to school.
=> Because of______________________________________.
4. His father asked him to go stay at home because he was sick.
=> Because of______________________________________.
5. Because there was an accident, I waslate.
=> Because of______________________________________.
6. She failed the University entrance exam because her grades were bad.
=> Because of______________________________________________.
7. Although he has a physical handicap, he has become a successful businessman.
=> Despite__________________________________________________________.
8. Because of the cheap price, my wife insists on buying theTivi.
=> Because______________________________________.
9. Although it was raining heavily, we still went toschool.
=> Despite/ In spite of______________________________________.
10. Because I studied hard, I passed the exam.
=> Because of____________________________________________.
11. They didn’t have much time, however they came to visit us.
=> Despite ______________________________________________
12. He is too old, but he still does his gymnastics every morning.
=> In spite ______________________________________________
13. Trang Anh is the boss. She works as hard as her employees.
=> Despite _____________________________________________
14. He has health problems. He is always smiling.
=> In spite _____________________________________________
15. Kieu Anh got good marks. The exam was difficult.
=> Despite ______________________________________________
Bài tập thực hành chuyển đổi because / because of / although / in spite of / despite …
1. Although she was ill, she went to school.
- In spite of....................................................................................................................................
2. He didn’t come because he was sick.
- He didn’t come because of.........................................................................................................
3. She didn’t eat much though she was hungry.
- Despite........................................................................................................................................
4. The train was late because the fog was thick.
- Because of..................................................................................................................................
5. I accepted the job although the salary was low.
- In spite of....................................................................................................................................
6. The plane couldn’t take off because the weather was bad.
- Because of..................................................................................................................................
7. She stayed at home because her mother was sick.
- Because of..................................................................................................................................
8. He didn’t leave school even though his family was poor.
- Despite........................................................................................................................................
9. All the teachers love him because his conduct is good.
- Because of..................................................................................................................................
10. The flight was not delayed though it was foggy.
- Despite........................................................................................................................................
11. We couldn’t study because it was noisy.
- Because of..................................................................................................................................
12. Even though it was cold, I went swimming.
- In spite of....................................................................................................................................
13. These students didn’t arrive late although there was the traffic jam.
- Despite........................................................................................................................................
14. Mary can’t sleep because there was the noise.
- Because of..................................................................................................................................
15. She didn’t get ill though she worked very hard.
- In spite of.............................................................................................................................
