Câu điều kiện loại 1, 2, 3 và hỗn hợp Môn English | Đại học Kinh Tế Quốc Dân

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CHUYÊN ĐỀ: CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 1 If S + V (HTD), S will V
Diễn tả sự việc có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai. *Các biến thể:
1. Unless + mệnh đề HTD, S will V = if... not... (trừ khi = nếu không)
I won’t visit you if I don’t have time
= Unless I have time, I won’t visit you
Lưu ý: Mệnh đề unless không dùng dạng phủ định
2. If S V (HTD), S V (HTD): diễn tả sự thật hiển nhiên, quy luật tự nhiênEx: If
you eat too much, you are overweight.
If you put a bowl of water in the sun, it evaporates (bốc hơi).
3. If S V (HTD) , S may/ can/ must/ should V: khi chỉ sự cho phép, yêu cầu, đề
nghị Ex: You can go home if you finish your work. CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 2
If S + V were/ Ved (QKD), S would/ could/ might + V Diễn
tả hành động giả định, không có thật ở hiện tại và tương lai. CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 3
If S + had P2 (QKHT), S would/ could/ might + have + P2
Diễn tả hành động không có thật trong quá khứ (ngược lại thực tế trong quá khứ)
CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN HỖN HỢP LOẠI 2 + 3 If S + V (QKHT), S would V
If S + V (QKD), S would/ could/ might + have P2
Ex: If I hadn’t stayed up too late night, I wouldn’t feel tired now. TRƯỜNG HỢP KHÁC
1. Otherwise: nếu không thì
He helped me, otherwise I would have lost my money lOMoAR cPSD| 61200861 2. Or/ or else: nếu không
Hurry up or you’ll be late for school
3. But for ...., S would/ could/ might V hoặc S would/ could/ might have P2
= Without + N: nếu không có
But for his help, I would have lost my money.
4. If it weren’t for + N, S would V đk loại 2
If it hadn’t been for + N, S would have P2 đk loại 3
Ex: If it hadn’t been for his determination, he wouldn’t have won the gold mendal.
5. Câu điều kiện có thật, có thể xảy ra:
If = when/in case/ as long as/ so long as/ provided that/ providing that/ only if/ on the condition (that)
Ex: If you promise to return it by lunchtime, you can use my bike.
= In case/ as long as/ so long as/ provided that/ providing that/ only if/ on the
condition (that) you promise to return it by lunchtime, you can use my bike
6. Đảo ngữ: Để nhấn mạnh
+ Loại 1: Đảo should lên đầu câu
Ex: If he has free time, he’ll play times.
 Should he have free time, he will play times.
+ Loại 2: Đảo were lên đầu câu. Nếu trong câu không có were, phải mượn were và dùng to V
Ex: If i were a bird, I would fly.
 Were I a bird, I would fly.
If I learn English, I would read an English book. 
Were I to learn E, I would read an E book.
+ Loại 3: Đảo had lên đầu câu
Ex: If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home.
 Had it rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home. Nếu
ở dạng phủ định: “not” được đặt sau chủ ngữ
Had it not been so late, we would have called you Exercise 1:
1. If I ___QKD____, I would express my feelings. Bày tỏ cảm xúc của tôi A. were asked B. would ask C. had been asked D. asked.
2. If the weather ________ nice, we will go camping tomorrow. lOMoAR cPSD| 61200861 A. were B. is C. had been D. will be
3. Will you be angry if I ________ your pocket ví A. stole B. have stolen C. were to steal D. steal
4. John would be taking a great risk if he ________ his money in that company. A. would invest B. invested đầu tư C. had invested D.invests
5. If the wall weren’t so high, he ________ it up to take his ball down. A. climbed B. could climb C. is climbing D. climbs
6. If I ________ her phone number, I would phone her. A. had known B. would know C. know D. knew
7. If he ________ the truth sựt hật , the police wouldn’t arrest bắt giữ him. A. tells B. told C. had told D. would tell
8. If you press nhấn that button nút what ________? A. would happen B. would have happened C. will happen D.happen
9. If Tim isn’t busy this weekend, he _______ sightseeing tham quan with his friends. A. would go B. Will go C. Has gone D. Went
10. Unless you get a parking permit giấy phép, you ________ allowed to park here. A. won’t be B. Weren’t C. Hadn’t been D. Haven’t been
11. Max worked very hard. He got promotion thăng chức last week. If Max didn’t work veryA.
hard, he wouldn’t get promotion last week. B.
if Max doesn’t work very hard, he won’t get promotion last week. C.
if max had worked very hard, he wouldn’t have got promotion last week. D.
But for his hard work, Max wouldn’t have got promotion last week.
12. If Joe were more patient, he _________ offered the job. lOMoAR cPSD| 61200861 A. will be B. would be C. was D. is
13. If his parents __________ at home now, they could help him. A. are B. had been C. will be D. were
14. His essay isn’t perfect. His illegible khó đọc handwriting spoils it.
A. His essay would be perfect if his handwriting were illegible khó đọc
B. unless his handwriting is illegible, his essay will be perfect
C. without his illegible handwriting, his essay would be perfect
D. provided that his handwriting was illegible, his essay wouldn’t be perfect
15. If you _______ well, we will talk about this problem after dinner. A. don’t feel B. didn’t feel C. doesn’t feel D. feel
16. If I _____ him, I can’t tell him the truth A. didn’t meet B. don’t meet C. hadn’t meet D. won’t meet
17. Marriage _______ happier if people devoted cống hiến more time to sharing domestic
trong nhà duties. Nhiệm vụ, trách nhiệm A. had been B. would have been C. will be D. would be
18. I ______ to spend my life in a cage lồng, chuồng if I ______ a bird A. didn’t want/ were B. wouldn’t want/ were C. don’t want/ am D. didn’t want/ was
19. If you want to lose weight, you _____ morning exercises more often. A. may do B. could do C. should do D. must do
20. If we didn’t have to work so hard, we _______ more time together. A. could spend B. spending C. will spend D. had spent
21. He made an unwise không khôn ngoan decision . Now he can’t get the job.
A. If he didn’t make an unwise decision, he could get the job B. If it
hadn’t been for his unwise decision, he could get the job now.
C. He can get the job so long as he makes a wise decision.
D. He couldn’t have got the job provided that he had made an unwise decision. lOMoAR cPSD| 61200861 Exercise 2:
1. George wouldn't have met Mary ________ to his brother's graduation party. A. if he has not gone
B. had not he gone C. had he not gone D. if he shouldn't have gone
2. ________ ten minutes earlier, you would have got a better seat. A. Were you arrived B. If you arrived C. If you hadn't arrived D. Had you arrived
3. If she ________ a car, she would go out in the evening. A. have B. has C. has had D. had
4. Without your help, I ________ the technical problem with my computer the other day. A. can't solve B. couldn't have solved C. Couldn't solve D. Weren't solved
5. The joke would not be funny if it ________ into French. A. has been translated B. be translated C. was be translated D. were translated
6. We ________ on the beach now if we hadn't missed the plane
A. might have lain B. would lie C. could be lying D. would have lain
7. I think you should stop smoking.
A. If I am you, I will stop smoking.
B. If I had been you, I would stop smoking,
C. If I were you, I would stop smoking.
D. If I were you, I will stop smoking.
8. If he had been more careful, he ________ A. won't fall B. wouldn't fall C. wouldn't have fallen D. would haven't fallen lOMoAR cPSD| 61200861
9. His health would be improved ________
A. if he continued to smoke heavily
B. unless he stopped smoking heavily if... not nếu anh ấy không dừng hút thuốc if he gave up smoking C.
D. if only he doesn't smoke any more.
10. He was driving very fast because he didn't know the road was icy.
Trái với thực tế Hiện tại và tl loại 2 Quá khứ 3
A. If he knew the road was icy, he wouldn't drive so fast.
B. He hadn't been driving very fast if he would have known the road was icy.
C. If he had known the road was icy, he wouldn't have been driving so fast.
D. He wasn't driving very fast if he would know the road was icy.
11. I didn’t know that you were at home. I didn't visit you. A.
If I knew that you were at home, I would visit you.
B. If I had known that you were at home, I would have visited you.
C. If I knew that you had been at home, I would have visited you.
D. If I would know that you were at home, I visited you.
12. If Nam had passed the GCSE examination, he ________ to take the entrance
examination to the university. Been + P2 A. would have been allowed B. would have allowed C. will have allowed D. would allow
13. If it had not rained last night, the roads in the city ________ so slippery trơn now. A. would not be B. must not be C. could not have been D. would not have been
14. She helped us a lot with our project. We couldn't continue without her. A.
Unless we had her contribution, we could continue with the project. lOMoAR cPSD| 61200861
B. But for her contribution, we could have continued with the project.
C. If she hadn't contributed positively, we couldn't have continued with the project.
D. Provided her contribution wouldn't come, we couldn't continue with the project.
15. What noisy neighbors you've got! If my neighbors ________ as bad as yours, I ________ crazy. A. are; will go B. were; would go C. had been; would have gone D. are; would go
16. If he ________ the lesson yesterday, he could do the test better today. A. has reviewed B. had reviewed C. will review D. reviewed
17. If I hadn't had so much work to do, I would have gone to the movies. A.
I never go to the movies if I had work to do.
B. Because I had to do so much work, I couldn't go to the movies.
C. I would go to the movies when I had done so much work.
D. A lot of work couldn't prevent me from going to the movies.
18. Unless you ________ well-trained, you ________ to the company.
A. aren't; will never be admitted B. aren't; will never admit
C. are; will never be admitted D. are; will never admit
19. If the prisoners attempt to escape from prison, ________ immediately. A. they will have caught B. they will catch C. they will be caught D. they would be caught
20. If it ________ warm yesterday, we would have gone to the beach. A. was B. were C. had been D. could be