Câu gián tiếp - Câu gián tiếp - Tiếng Anh cơ sở (FL1128) | Trường Đại học Bách khoa Hà Nội

lOMoAR cPSD| 45254322
Cách chuyển câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp trong tiếng Anh
Bước 1: Lựa chọn động từ tường thuật phù hợp
Khi làm dạng bài tập câu tường thuật, bạn cần lựa chọn động từ để tường thuật sao cho phù hợp với ý nghĩa
của câu. Một số động từ tường thuật phổ biến trong tiếng Anh là:
Động từ tường thuật Dịch nghĩa Told, said Nói Asked Yêu cầu/Hỏi Denied Phủ nhận Promised Hứa Suggested Gợi ý, đề nghị Ví dụ: •
She told Maya that she had bought a new bag. (Cô ấy nói với Maya
rằng cô ấy đã mua 1 chiếc túi mới) •
William asked his son which shoes he liked best. (William hỏi con trai
mình thích đôi giày nào nhất) Câu trực tiếp Câu gián tiếp Thì hiện tại đơn Thì quá khứ đơn → V1 → V2/V-ed → Learn → Learned
Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn lOMoAR cPSD| 45254322
Bước 2: Lùi thì của động từ lOMoAR cPSD| 45254322 Câu trực tiếp Câu gián tiếp → is/are V_ing → was/were V_ing → is/are learning → was/were learning
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành Thì quá khứ hoàn thành → have/has V2/V-ed → had V3/V-ed → have/has learnt → had leant
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn
Thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễ
→ have/has been V_ing → had been V_ing → have/has been learning → had been learning Thì quá khứ đơn Thì quá khứ hoàn thành → V2/V-ed → had V3/V-ed → learned → had learnt Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
Thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễ → was/were V_ing → had been V_ing → was/were learning → had been learning lOMoAR cPSD| 45254322 Thì quá khứ hoàn thành
Thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễ → had V3/ V-ed → had V3/V-ed → had learnt → had learnt
Thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp
Thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn d lOMoAR cPSD| 45254322 Câu trực tiếp Câu gián tiếp → had been V_ing → had been V_ing → had been learning → had been learning
Can/may/must (have to) Could/might/had to
→ Hana said: “I can’t see them”
→ Hana said she could not see
(Hana nói rằng: “Mình không thể thấy họ.”)
(Hana nói rằng cô ấy không thể lOMoAR cPSD| 45254322 Ví dụ Nghĩa Could, should, would, might,
“You should drink some milk,”
Cô ấy nói rằng tôi nên uốn ought to she said. một chút sữa → Không lùi thì
→ She said I should drink some milk.
Câu trực tiếp đề cập sự thật hiển
“The sun rises in the east,” he
Anh ấy nói rằng mặt trời m nhiên, chân lý said. đằng Đông.
→ Giữ nguyên thì của động từ
→ He said that the sun rises in the east. Vị trí Câu trực tiếp Câu gián tiếp Chủ ngữ I He/ She You I/We/They We We/They Tân ngữ Me Him/Her lOMoAR cPSD| 45254322 Vị trí Câu trực tiếp Câu gián tiếp You Me/Us/Them Us Us/Them Đại từ sở hữu My His/Her Your My/Our/Their Our Our/Their Đại từ sở hữu Mine His/Hers Yours Mine/Ours/Theirs Ours Ours/Theirs
Đại từ chỉ định This The/That These The/Those
Ví dụ 1: “Are you tired?” Jake asked.
→ Jake asked me if I was tired. → Jake
hỏi tôi có mệt không.
Ví dụ 2: “My cat has brown fur,” she said.
→ She said that her cat has brown fur.
→ Cô ấy nói rằng mèo nhà cô ấy có bộ lông màu nâu.
Bước 4: Đổi lại các trạng từ chỉ thời gian, địa điểm
Ví dụ 1: She said, “I’ll remind you to water the plants tomorrow.” lOMoAR cPSD| 45254322 Câu trực tiếp Câu gián tiếp Now Then/ At the time Today That day Yesterday
The day before/ The previous day Tomorrow
The following day/ The day after/ The next day The day before yesterday Two days before The day after tomorrow
Two days after/ In two days’ time Ago Before This week That week Last week
The week before/ The previous week Next week
The following week/ The week after/ The next week This That These Those Here There
→ She said she would remind me to water the plants the next day.
→ Cô ấy nói rằng cô ấy sẽ nhắc tôi tưới cây vào ngày mai.
Ví dụ 2: “I went to visit my grandparents last week,” Lily said.
→ Lily said she had gone to visit her grandparents the week before.
→ Lily nói rằng cô ấy đã tới thăm ông bà vào tuần trước.
Dạng câu trực tiếp Cấu trúc câu gián tiếp Ví dụ
He said to me: “I’m going to the party.”
S + say(s)/ said/ tell/ told + Câu kể
→ He told me that he was going to the (that) + S + V … party. lOMoAR cPSD| 45254322
S + asked/ wanted to know/
“Are you hungry?” my friend asked me. Câu hỏi Yes/No
wondered + if/whether + S + V → My friend asked me if I was hungry. …
“What is Andy doing?” Jim asked
Câu hỏi có từ để hỏi S + asked/ wanted to know/ Wh-
wondered + Wh + S + V …
→ Jim wanted to know what Andy was doing.
“Don’t smoke here.” my father told
Câu mệnh lệnh/ yêu S + asked/ told/ demanded,… Pete. → My father told Pete not to cầu (+O) + (not) to V … smoke there.
“What a beautiful picture!” said Emma.
S + exclaimed/ said + that + S + Câu cảm thán
→ Emma exclaimed that the picture V … was beautiful.
“Why don’t you send her an email?”
S + suggested (+ O) + (not) Câu đề nghị
said Tim. → Tin suggested me sending Ving … her an email.
Dạng câu trục tiếp là câu kể thì cấu trúc câu gián tiếp là: S + say(s)/ said/ tell/ told + (that) + S + V … Ví dụ:
He said to me: “I’m going to the party.” → He told me that he was going to the party.
Dạng câu trực tiếp là câu hỏi Yes/No thì cấu trúc câu gián tiếp là: S + asked/ wanted to know/
wondered + if/whether + S + V … Ví dụ:
“Are you hungry?” my friend asked me. → My friend asked me if I was hungry.
Dạng câu trực tiếp là câu hỏi Yes/No thì cấu trúc câu gián tiếp là: S + asked/ wanted to know/
wondered + Wh + S + V … Ví dụ:
“What is Andy doing?” Jim asked
→ Jim wanted to know what Andy was doing.
Dạng câu trực tiếp là Câu mệnh lệnh/ yêu cầu thì cấu trúc câu gián tiếp là: S + asked/ told/
demanded,… (+O) + (not) to V … Ví dụ:
“Don’t smoke here.” my father told Pete. lOMoAR cPSD| 45254322
→ My father told Pete not to smoke there.
Dạng câu trực tiếp là câu cảm thán thì cấu trúc câu gián tiếp là: S + exclaimed/ said + that + S + V … Ví dụ:
“What a beautiful picture!” said Emma. → Emma exclaimed that the picture was beautiful.
Dạng câu trực tiếp là câu đề nghị thì cấu trúc câu gián tiếp là: S + suggested (+ O) + (not) V-ing … Ví dụ:
“Why don’t you send her an email?” said Tim.
→ Tin suggested me sending her an email.
Một số trường hợp đặc biệt khác khi chuyển câu từ trực tiếp sang gián tiếp:
- Cấu trúc S + V + O + N/ V-ing
Ví dụ: “Sorry I’m late” said Mindy. → Mindy apologized for being late.
She said: “John broke the vase.” → She accused John of breaking the vase.
- Cấu trúc S + V + to V
Ví dụ: “I will call you when I arrive.” Tim said. → Tim promised to call me when he arrived.
- Câu mời, đề nghị lịch sự
Ví dụ: “Shall I pick you up at the airport?” said my brother. → My brother offered to pick me up at the airport.
Một số động từ thường được sử dụng trong câu gián tiếp: say (nói), tell (kể), ask (hỏi), admit (thừa nhận),
deny (phủ nhận), claim (khẳng định), promise (hứa), accuse (buộc tội), apologize (xin lỗi), suggest (gợi ý), warn (cảnh báo) …
Bài tập câu tường thuật trong tiếng Anh từ cơ bản đến nâng cao
1. Bài tập chuyển câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp
1. “What are you doing?” she asked me.
She asked me …………………………. lOMoAR cPSD| 45254322
2. “Close the door,” Anne said.
Anne told them ………………………….
3. “Will you come to my party?” Linda said to them.
Linda invited them ………………………….
4. “Are you going by bus?” my teacher asked.
My teacher wanted to ………………………….
5. “I don’t like this pink carpet,” she said.
She told me ………………………….
6. Nhung said: “She can not help you tomorrow.”
Nhung said ………………………….
7. “What would you do if you passed the exam?” The professor asked me.
The professor asked me ………………………….
8. “Do you and your big brother go to the same school?” Maya asked her friend.
Maya asked her friend ………………………….
9. “Give me the red cup,” Selena told him.
Selena asked him ………………………….
10. “Hurry up,” He said to me.
He told me ………………………….
11. “You stole my phone, Alex!” said Lily.
Lily accused Alex ………………………….
12. “I want a blue jacket for my birthday,” she said.
She said that ………………………….
13. “Don’t forget to turn off the light.” He said.
He reminded me …………………………. lOMoAR cPSD| 45254322
14. “I should go home to do my homework”, said Lily.
Lily told me ………………………….
15. “Stand up, Daniel,” he said.
He asked Daniel ………………………….
16. “She works in a station,” He said.
He said that ………………………….
17. “They have not eaten dinner”
He told me ………………………….
18. He said to me: “I haven’t finished my work”
He told me ………………………….
19. “I will visit my grandparents tomorrow.”
He told me that ………………………….
20. Daniel said: “Where are you going on your vacation this week?
Daniel asked me ………………………….
21. “Are you serious?” she asked him.
She asked him ………………………….
22. “Can I meet you at the meeting?” He asked me.
He asked me ………………………….
23. “Dinner will be served after 6 m.m,” said my aunt.
My mother said ………………………….
24. “Are you going to the restaurant?” she asked me.
He wanted to know ………………………….
25. “Did you see the black cat?” she asked me.
She asked me …………………………. lOMoAR cPSD| 45254322
2. Dạng bài tập viết lại câu tường thuật
1. “Where is my phone?” he asked.
2. “What are you doing?” he asked.
3. “Has Emily talked to Jessica?” my sister asked me.
4. “Are you going to bed?” she asked me.5. “Did you lock the door?” she asked me.
6. “I could play the guitar when I was seven,” she said.
7. “I don’t like peanut butter,” he said.
8. “You should go to school early,” Lily said.9. “Will you help me, please?” Becky asked.
10. ”Don’t play the guitar in this room,” the music teacher said.
11. ”What are they talking about?”
12. “I have just sent a letter to Hoa,” Bella said.
13. “Do you like listening to music?” Alex asked.
14. “Which bike do you like best?” My brother asked me.
15. “Why don’t you help Jack?” Jenny asked her.
16. “Can I pick you up at 8 p.m?” she asked.
17. “Where is the ideal place to go camping?” Nhung asked.
18. “Hank, please don’t tell anyone your salary.” said Tom.
19. “I’ll call you tomorrow.”
20. “When was your daughter born?” said the doctor to Linda.
21. “Did Daniel send the book to you?” He asked.
22. “Can I help you, David?” asked Harry.
23. “Don’t tell her about it.” she said.
24. “Did you buy the red dress?” she asked me.
25. The boy asked, “Who made the noise?” lOMoAR cPSD| 45254322
3. Bài tập câu tường thuật trắc nghiệm
1. Lily said she was leaving for Hanoi _________. A. next week B. the week previous C. following week D. the following week
2. The teacher asked students_________ . A. why did they slept B. why they were sleeping C. why they sleep D. why were they sleeping
3. Daniel said that Tokyo _________ more lively than Seoul. A. is B. be C. was D. were
4. Jack was pessimistic about the exam. I advised him _________. A. no worry B. not worry C. no to worry D. not to worry
5. He wanted to know where they _________. A. had lived B. lived lOMoAR cPSD| 45254322 C. was lived D. has lived
6. He asked me if I _________. A. had seen that car B. saw that car C. has seen that car D. see that car
7. Henry told me that he _________ home after the event. A. walked B. had walked C. walking D. was walking 8. Leo asked her _________ .
A. what time does the meeting end B. what time the meeting end
C. what time the meeting ended
D. what time did the meeting end
9. My friend _________ me there’s been an accident on that street. A. asked B. said C. spoke D. told
10. Jenny wonders _________ doing well at school. A. whether her sisters are lOMoAR cPSD| 45254322 B. if her sisters were
C. her sisters were D. her sisters are if
11. David asked Timmy why _________ the film on television the day before. A. didn’t he watch B. hadn’t he watched C. he doesn’t watch D. he hadn’t watched
12. She asked me if I _________ speak Vietnamese. A. could B. can C. will D. was
13. She wanted to know what they _________. A. doing B. were doing C. did D. had been doing
14. The mother asked her son where _________. A. was B. is C. had beenD. has been
15. Mimi wanted to know if he _________. A. was going to the cinema B. went to the cinema lOMoAR cPSD| 45254322 C. goes to the cinema D. had gone to the cinema
16. Bloom asked where_________. A. her book is B. her book was C. her book had been D. her book had been being
17. The manager asked us what we_________. A. talked about B.had been talked about C. were talking about D. talking about
18. Max asked whether I _________ this game. A. had played B. have played C. was played D. played
19. My sister asked me how long I _________ to study in America. A. planned B. was planning C. had been planning D. planning
20. Minh advised her husband _________ too much. A. wasn’t drinking lOMoAR cPSD| 45254322 B. don’t drink C. had not drunk D. not to drink
21. She told me she _________.
A. didn’t finish her homework
B. hadn’t finished her homework
C. had not been finishing her homework
D. wasn’t finishing her homework
22. He says he _________ London the next week. A. goes B. was going to C. is going to D. had been gone
23. I told Nick that my parents would come there to visit us _________. A. the following day B. tomorrow C. yesterday D. next day
24. Emma told me that she _________ anymore. A. didn’t love me B. not to love me C. wasn’t loving me D. would not be loving me
25. My dad said that he had done it the week before. lOMoAR cPSD| 45254322 A. the following week B. the week before C. the next week D. last week