Cấu trúc về câu chẻ lớp 11 trong tiếng anh

Cấu trúc về câu chẻ lớp 11 trong tiếng anh
1. Câu chẻ được hiểu là như thế nào? Cách dùng câu chẻ lớp 11
Câu chẻ, còn được gọi là câu nhấn mạnh, là một công cụ quan trọng trong việc tạo sự nổi bật
cho một phần tử trong câu. Cấu trúc của câu chẻ bao gồm hai mệnh đề. Mệnh đề đầu tiên được
sử dụng với mục đích cần nhấn mạnh, đó là điểm trọng yếu cần đưa ra sự chú ý. Mệnh đề thứ
hai, thường là một mệnh đề phụ, có tác dụng bổ ngữ cho mệnh đề thứ nhất, cung cấp thêm
thông tin hoặc giải thích rõ hơn về điểm được nhấn mạnh.
Ví dụ, trong câu "Máy tính, dù tốn kém, là một công cụ quan trọng trong cuộc sống hiện đại,"
mệnh đề thứ nhất "Máy tính" được nhấn mạnh, trong khi mệnh đề thứ hai "dù tốn kém" giúp
mô tả thêm về tính chất của máy tính. Câu chẻ giúp chúng ta tập trung vào điểm quan trọng
của câu và hiểu rõ hơn về nó.
2. Cấu trúc về câu chẻ lớp 11
1. Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh vào chủ ngữ.
It + (be) + S + who/that + V…
Ex: Lan is the best dancer. (Lan là người nhảy giỏi nhất).
➔ It is Lan who is the best dancer. (Đây là Lan người mà nhảy giỏi nhất).
2. Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh vào động từ. S + Auxilliar + Vinf…
➔ Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh động từ ta dùng trợ động từ tương đương với thời động từ chính của
câu và động từ chính ở dạng nguyên thể. Ex:
I finished all my work yesterday.
(Tôi đã kết thúc tất cả công việc của tôi ngày mai).
➔ I did finish all my work yesterday.
(Tôi đã kết thúc tất cả công việc của tôi ngày mai).
3. Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh vào tân ngữ.
It + be + (tân ngữ) + that/whom + S + V. Ex:
I gave her a pen last night. (Tôi đã tặng cô ấy một chiếc bút tối qua).
➔ It was her whom I gave a pen last night.
(Cô ấy người mà tôi đã tặng một chiếc bút tối qua).
4. Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh vào các thành phần khác của câu.
It + be + (thành phần câu cần được nhấn mạnh) + that + S + V.
Ex: She lives in a small house. (Cô ấy sống trong một ngôi nhà nhỏ).
➔ It is a small house that she lives in.
(Nó là một ngôi nhà nhỏ nơi mà cô ấy sống).
3. Bài tập về câu chẻ tiếng Anh lớp 11
Câu chẻ là dạng cấu trúc khá phổ biến trong các bài tập tiếng anh lớp 11. Các bạn cần nắm
vững lý thuyết bên trên và làm các bài tập ngay sau đây để củng cố. Dưới đây là một vài bài
tập nhỏ chúng tôi đã tổng hợp dành cho các bạn:
Bài 1. Viết lại câu không làm thay đổi nghĩa và use cấu trúc câu chẻ với từ được gạch chân.
1. Gim will visit my grandparents next month.
➔ _________________________________. (will be)
2. Her father hit this dog in the yard.
➔ _________________________________. (was)
3. His girlfriend made some candies for his birthday’s party.
➔ _________________________________. (was)
4. Tom passed the test last week.
➔ _________________________________. (was) 5. We were born in Hanoi.
➔ _________________________________. (that)
6. They cleaned the doors this morning.
➔ _________________________________. (cleaned) Đáp án
1. It will be Gim who visit my grandparents next month.
2. It was this dog that her father hit in the yard.
3. It was his girlfriend who made some candies for his birthday’s party.
4. It was last week that Tom passed the test.
5. It was Hanoi that We were born in.
6. It was the doors that were cleaned this morning.
Bài 2: Choose the correct sentence that is written using the underlined part and cleft sentence with “It”.
1. He spent his summer vacation in Da Lat.
A. It is in Da Lat that he spent his summer vacation.
B. It was in Da Lat that he spent his summer vacation.
C. It is in Da Lat that he spends his summer vacation.
D. It was in Da Lat where he spends his summer vacation.
2. Candidates all over the world took part in the competition with great enthusiasm.
A. It is great enthusiasm that candidates all over the world took part in the competition.
B. It was great enthusiasm that candidates all over the world took part in the competition.
C. It was with great enthusiasm that candidates all over the world took part in the competition.
D. It is with great enthusiasm which candidates all over the world take part the competition.
3. He gains impressive achievements at the age of 20.
A. It is at the age of 20 that he gains impressive achievements.
B. It was at the age of 20 that he gains impressive achievements.
C. It is at the age of 20 that he gained impressive achievements.
D. It was at the age of 20 that he gained impressive achievements.
4. Mary made a great contribution to her husband's success.
A. It is Mary who made a great contribution to her husband's success.
B. It was Mary who makes a great contribution to her husband's success.
C. It was Mary who made a great contribution for her husband's success.
D. It was Mary who made a great contribution to her husband's success.
5. Most parents are willing to lend their ear to their children.
A. They are their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear to.
B. It is their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear to.
C. They are their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear.
D. It is their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear. Đáp án 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B
Bài 3. Rewrite these sentences with the same meaning and using the cleft sentences with underlined word:
1. My father usually complains about my students whenever they go to my house.
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2. I used to like climbing up tress and pick fruits.
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3. My neighbors always make noise at night.
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4. We often complain about the noise at night.
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5. You gave her a bunch of rose last week.
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6. Our English teacher is the greatest teacher in the world.
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7. The earthquake destroyed everything two years ago.
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8. My recent computer helps me a lots in preparing tasks for my students.
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9. My students’ bad behavior made me sad yesterday morning.
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10. The man gave her the book.
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11. He bought two houses on Nguyen Trai Street at the age of 25. (that)
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12. Students usually ask the teacher a lot of interesting questions. (who)
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13. My mom is making some cakes for our dinner. (that)
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14. The poor girl won first prize in the singing competition. (that)
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15. My friend gave me a present at my birthday party. (that)
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16. We really enjoy doing volunteer work. (that)
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1. It is my father that/who usually complains about my students whenever they go to my house.
2. It was I that/who used to like climbing up tress and pick fruits.
3. It is my neighbors who/that always make noise at night.
4. It is we who/that often complain about the noise at night.
5.It was you/that who gave her a bunch of rose last week.
6.It is our English teacher who/that is the greatest teacher in the world.
7.It was the earthquake that destroyed everything two years ago.
8. It is my recent computer that helps me a lots in preparing tasks for my students.
9. It was my student’s bad behavior that made me sad yesterday morning.
10. It was the man who/that gave her the book.
11. It was at the age of 25 that he bought two houses on Nguyen Trai Street.
12. It is the teacher who students usually ask a lot of interesting questions.
13. It is for our dinner that my mom is making some cakes.
14. It was first prize that the poor girl won in the singing competition.
15. It was at my birthday party that my friend gave me a present.
16. It is volunteer work that we really enjoy doing.
Bài 4: Rewrite the following sentences using the words given in bold.
1. We just need 3 minutes to fix it. (all)
_____________________________________________
2. I'm not questioning her dedication, (isn't)
_____________________________________________
3. Those men are totally ruthless, (what)
_____________________________________________
4. We inherited everything except the garden, (only thing)
_____________________________________________
5. You know the shop assistant told me exactly the same thing, (that's)
_____________________________________________
6. We're cleaning the house, (doing)
_____________________________________________ Đáp án
1. All we need is 3 minutes (to fix it).
2. It isn't her dedication (that) I'm questioning.
3. What those men are is totally ruthless.
4. The only thing we didn't inherit was the garden./ The garden was the only thing we didn't inherit.
5. That's exactly what the shop assistant told me.
6. What we are doing is cleaning the house.
Bài 5. Choose the best option to complete the cleft sentences
1. ______________ my friend came to see me late A. It was last night that B. It was last night which C. It was last night when D. It was last night whom
2. _________ the little boy greeted in a strange language
A. It was his grandfather whom B. It was his grandfather who
C. It was his grandfather that
D. It was his grandfather which
3. _________ asked the policeman a lot of questions A. It was the pedestrian whom B. It was the pedestrian what C. It was the pedestrian who D. It was the pedestrian when Đáp án 1. A 2. A 3. C