Chapter 1 - cultural heritages - English | Trường Đại Học Ngoại ngữ Huế
Chapter 1 - cultural heritages - English | Trường Đại Học Ngoại ngữ Huế được sưu tầm và soạn thảo dưới dạng file PDF để gửi tới các bạn sinh viên cùng tham khảo, ôn tập đầy đủ kiến thức, chuẩn bị cho các buổi học thật tốt. Mời bạn đọc đón xem!
Tài liệu liên quan:
Preview text:
CULTURAL HERITAGE AND TOURISM 1CHAPTER 1:
INTRODUCTION TO CULTURAL HERITAGE AND TOURISM
This chapter provides an overview of the relationship between Cultural Heritage and Tourism. It
covers the definitions, the categories of cultural heritage and its importance in tourism industry. 1.1 WHAT I S CULTURAL HERITAGE?
Heritage is the full range of our inherited traditions, monuments, objects, and culture. Most
important, it is the range of contemporary activities, meanings, and behaviors that we draw from them. UNESCO (2019)
categorizes heritage into cultural heritage, natural heritage and heritage
in the event of armed conflict.
Cultural Heritage is an expression of the ways of living developed by a community and
passed on from generation to generation, including customs, practices, places, objects, artistic
expressions and values. Cultural Heritage is often expressed as either Intangible or Tangible Cultural Heritage.
Tangible heritage includes buildings and historic places, monuments, artifacts, etc.,
which are considered worthy of preservation for the future. These include objects significant to
the archaeology, architecture, science or technology of a specific culture.
An intangible cultural heritage is a practice, representation, expression, knowledge, or
skill, as well as the instruments, objects, artifacts, and cultural spaces that are considered by
UNESCO to be part of a place’s cultural heritage. 1.2 THE PRESERVATION O F C ULTURAL H ERITAGE FOR THE S OCIAL AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
The question arising is what role does UNESCO play in the preservation of the cultural heritage?
Their strategy focuses on the museums and collections that best contribute to an integrated
understanding of heritage and their potential contribution to the economic and the social and
human development of local communities and disadvantaged groups.
Through a complete set of Conventions concerning heritage, UNESCO offer a unique
platform for international cooperation and dialogue, fostering mutual respect, appreciation and 1 1 CULTURAL HERITAGE AND TOURISM
understanding. These legal instruments support the development of national policies for heritage
protection, with an emphasis on preservation, management and training.
The preservation of cultural heritage is an obligation that 126 countries of the world are
bound to uphold through international agreements. The first international treaty protecting
cultural and national heritage sites was the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural
Property in the Event of Armed Conflict (1954). The Hague Convention requires states to protect
cultural property during war. This convention created an international symbol for identifying
cultural property that is to be protected. This symbol is the Blue Shield. The Convention
concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage was then adopted by
UNESCO in 1972. This international treaty was created to identify, protect, and preserve
cultural and national heritage around the world (and the history as well as details of these
conventions will be discussed in chapter 2).
There are currently 981 cultural heritage sites in 160 countries of the world. The
International Committee of the Blue Shield (founded 1996) has country-level sections all over
the world that work to protect national and cultural heritage property by collecting and
disseminating information about threats to cultural heritage, spreading awareness about cultural
heritage, and facilitating the creation of localized cultural heritage organizations. 1.3 THE ROLE O F CULTURAL HERITAGE I N THE D EVELOPMENT O F TOURISM
Cultural heritage sites represent a varied collection of human creation across the entire globe and
the entire span of human history. With the enormous growth of knowledge, increasing mobility
and the increased accessibility of travel, there is widespread curiosity about other places and a
huge demand to visit and personally experience other societies. As a result, the vast majority of
cities, towns, villages and settled landscapes experience some form of tourism activity.
Tourists come to the cultural heritage sites for many reasons, including as a personal
experience, a basis for commercial activity, a carrier of collective memory. According to Gluvačević
(2016) , the cultural heritage plays an active role in establishing the branding and
promoting the destination because it can be used in a variety of ways from “legends, celebrities,
historic buildings and sites, folklore and presentation of traditional crafts and skills” to a modern
way that included guided tours, costumes, multimedia presentations, written guides, etc.” (p. 9). 2 Blurred content of page 3 CULTURAL HERITAGE AND TOURISM REFERENCES
Gluvačević, D. (2016). The power of cultural heritage in tourism - example of the city of Zadar
(Croatia). International Journal of Scientific Management and Tourism, 2(1), 3-24.
Salazar, N. B., & Zhu, Y. (2015). Heritage and Tourism. In L. Meskell (Ed.), Global Heritage: A
Reader. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
UNESCO. (2019). The Fight against Illicit Trafficking of Cultural Property. Retrieved from
https://en.unesco.org/news/fight-against-illicit-trafficking-cultural-property-meetings-
1970-convention-states-parties-and 4