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Cloze test questions with solutions by governmentadda.com
Cloze test questions with solutions by governmentadda.com giúp các bạn học sinh sắp tham gia các kì thi Tiếng Anh tham khảo, học tập và ôn tập kiến thức, bài tập và đạt kết quả cao trong kỳ thi sắp tới. Mời bạn đọc đón xem!
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Cloze Test Preparation Strategy
being described and proceed with filling the blanks.
In a cloze test, candidates are provided with a
passage which has certain words missing from
2. Link the Sentences Together- Keep in
it. It can be logically understood from the
mind the sentences in the passage are
question itself, that to ace such assessment,
linked with each other. Do not make
candidates must have strong command over
mistake of treating each and every
English language, along with string knowledge
sentence individually and fill in the
of vocabulary as well as grammar. It is also
blanks accordingly. Try coming up with
important to understand the context as well as
logical connections that link upo the
flow of the passage. While many consider, the
sentences together and it will be an
Cloze test asked in exam to be toughest, there easier task for you.
are tricks that can be used to solve such questions.
3. The Type of Word to Fill in– Look at the
blanks carefully and asses the kind of
Here is a small example:
words you have to fill, it may be a noun,
a pronoun, a verb, a preposition, a
Disregarding the news about impending bad
conjunction or an article. For example-
weather, I decided to go out without a/an
_______and ended up getting wet. I resolved
A noun– I forgot to carry my ____ to
thereafter to always take note of the weather
school. I therefore had to share with my ______. friend.
The logical answer here would be a book
The correct answers in the above scenario or tiffin.
would be ‘an umbrella’ or ‘a raincoat’ for the
first blank and ‘report’ or ‘forecast’ for the
An article– He ate ____ papaya and second. threw ___ seeds away.
Articles are usually the easiest to
Since many exams now administer the Cloze
answer. Fill in ‘a’ and ‘an’ where talking
test to assess the level of English proficiency of
about general facts and ‘the’ when
their candidates, it is imperative that if you are
using it before something specific. Here,
appearing for such an exam, you have a clear
the answer is ‘the’ or ‘his’ in the first
sense of how and what to prepare. Here are
case and ‘the’ or ‘its’ in the second.
some tips that could be of help-
A verb– _____ for half an hour left me
1. Read Thoroughly– Read the given
breathless. The idea of being breathless
passage thoroughly in order to get an
connotes something strenuous like
idea about the topic. Read slowly and
‘exercising’ or ‘running’.
try to get proper understanding of the
text. Once the theme of the passage is
In this way, think of the appropriate word to fill
clear, you task becomes easy. Now, you in.
can go through the passage and think of
appropriate words that suit the situation
4. Eliminate Options– Often you will come
across a blank that has more than one
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correct option. Now, list out all the
Clearly, you can use either ‘tumbled’ or ‘fell’ in
options and try them one by one. Use
this blank. But the rest of the sentence is
the one that seems most fitting. Instead
written in a humorous vein. So we try to
of getting confused, think of most
maintain the tone of the sentence. This is best
appropriate words , which fits not only
accomplished by the use of the word ‘tumbled’
in the context of the sentence but to the
as it brings to mind images of people falling entire passage. funnily.
5. Go with Frequently Used Words-
Sometimes, you shall be confused
7. Build up Your Language Skills– As a
between two words. In such cases,
general preparation you can read as
choose the word which is most
much as you can. The more you read the
frequently used with the words around
better sense you will have of what word
the blank and then choose the most
can be used to fill a blank. This will also
suitable option. For example-Can I have
help you build up a very good a ____ word with you?
vocabulary. This will help you a lot in A. swift acing the Cloze test. B. quick C. prompt
8. Practice makes a man perfect– In the
end, there is no substitute for hard work
You can see that the three options nearly mean
and practice. Try to complete three to
the same thing. How do you decide which one
four passages each day while preparing fits the blank?
and get an insight into your problem
areas. Work on them and go deliver
Sometimes in English, some words are used your best.
more frequently with some others. Like ‘bad
habit’, ‘hardly ever’, ‘happy ending’, ‘take a
Tips and Tricks To Solve New Pattern Cloze
seat’, ‘make room’ etc. In the same way, the Test
words ‘quick’ and ‘word’ are used together
Take a look at how you can solve English cloze
frequently. So ‘quick’ should be your answer in
test to excel in exams. this case.
1.Take a bird's eye view: Read the entire
6. Check Tone – Passages are generally
passage to get a rough idea about the overall
written in a specific toning, identifying
theme and direction of the passage.
which will help you answer the
questions more effectively. Choose the
2.Understand the tone of discussion: ( Jubilant,
words that fit in with the tone of the
livid, lamenting, ambivalent, awed) This will
passage. For example –
help you eliminate 50% of the irrelevant
Jonah ____ down the stairs, bumping along like options.
a quarter in a tumbling dryer. A. tumbled
3.Eliminate with care: Select the word type B. fell
and options that fall outside the scope of C. dropped
discussion that should be eliminated.
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4.Take help of prepositions: The knowledge of (1) (a) efforts
how prepositions are used will surely come (b) order
handy. There are times when looking at (c) past (d) Pardon
preposition alone can fetch you a good score in (e) reference cloze test. (2) (a) moral
5.Look at what comes before and after: It is (b) educational
always advised to look at the sentences that (c) social
come before and after the sentence that has (d) nominal
blank in it. By doing so, quite often you will get (e) financial
a confirmation or some sort of clue regarding
the most appropriate word to fill.
Here in blank (1) the sentence is related to
cyber criminals. These criminals want high
More Tips for Cloze test
payoff for their efforts obviously because there
is no point of filling the gap with other options,
1. Passage Reading
there is no logical reason to fill "order, past,
pardon or reference". Now in the second
Whenever you start doing cloze test, wait for a
sentence, you must have to keep in mind that
minute and go through the passage. It will help
the passage is about criminals and criminals
you get the main idea behind the passage. Once
have nothing to do with moral, educational,
you get this, it will be easy for you to fill in the
social gain. Nominal gains are never the aim of gaps.
these criminal. All they need is financial gain.
2. Establish Links
So, by establishing the links between first and
second sentence, we came to know that the
While you fill in the blanks, you must establish
correct answer of blank (2) is financial.
the links between two corresponding sentences.
Never assume of treating any sentence
3. Types Of Words
seperately. Whatever word you fill in the blank,
Each and every language follows a sentence
it must build a relationship with the next
pattern which is called syntax. Like an adjective
sentence. If you fail to do so, your logical
comes before a noun and an adverb always
connection may be missing.
follows a verb. We always need an article Example:
before an object. Ordinals like 1, 2, 3 fifth, sixth
Cyber criminals have two objectives: find
tenth always are always followed by a
targets that will yield high payoff for their ____
noun/pronoun. Lets understand it with some
(1) __ and attack those high payoff targets that examples
offer the least resistance. Their business model
is simple: the least efforts for the greatest ___ (2) __ gain.
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Now here the sentence looks incomplete. (d) trustworthy Teena is a girl. (e) honorary
This is a complete sentence. Here, the article
Suppose you can't find the answer of blank 5.
"a" completed the sentence.
Here the cyber attackers are highly motivated well-organised and ...
(b) Teena is a girl good. fussy is particular
Good is an adjective but it is placed incorrectly
because an adjective comes before a noun.
No cyber attack is particular because the main
motive of the cyber attack is just to gain money
Teena is a good girl.
and it can be targeted to anyone. So, option eliminated
Now the syntax is correct.
c. is beneficial: can any cyber attack be
(c) Teena slowly walks.
beneficial for anyone? No!! Option eliminated.
Slowly is an adverb but the placement of adverb
d. Cyber attackers are not trustworthy. So, we
is incorrect. As we have discussed that an
eliminate the option and as long as the option
adverb always follows a verb. So
(e) is considered no cyber attack can be
"Teena walks slowly" is the correct honoured.
arrangement of the words.
So, we are left with unpredictable as the answer
4. Elimination Technique
which is the most appropriate answer according to the context.
When the passage is too confusing and you find
it completely out of your hands to solve the
5. Tone Detection
passage or a sentence, go with the elimination
Reading the passage can give you a clear view
method. Here, you start eliminating the most
of the passage and this can help you to fill the
extreme answers according to the context of
gap with the accurate answer. Sometimes the
the passage. Eliminating options one by one will
passage is of comic tone, intense mood and
lead you to the most appropriate answer.
ironical topic. If you can sense the tone, there is Example
nothing better than this. Even each sentence represent some tone.
These cyber attackers are highly motivated,
well organised and ___ (5) ___.
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Having searched my pockets in vain for stray
Here, all the options are synonyms of each
coins and having found I was ___(10)__
other and all the options seem appropriate penniless.
according to us. Right? But hang on a moment.
What is the most commonly used word here? a. utterly
Right!! It is quick. Without thinking twice just b. mostly
mark option (c) as your answer. c. partially d. truly
7. Read & Practice More! e. totally
Nothing is more valuable than practice and
Here, in this sentence, the person is hopeless
reading. Reading books, journals, magazines
because his search of money ends in vain, so
and newspapers will clear your doubts
the tone is tensed. Truly/partially/mostly are
regarding sentence structure and will build your
out of the context because the pocket has no
vocabulary. Strong vocabulary will give you the
coin so it can't be partially filled. Truly and
strength to use the words in their various forms.
mostly cannot be the in the context of money.
Moreover, magazines will teach you some new
So the only option we are left with phrases every day.
is Utterly; utterly is more intense than totally so
we will choose utterly as our answer.
So, this is all we could share with you. I hope
you will find this article worth reading. Keep
6. Use of Common Words
working hard and practice more every day.
Keep your eyes and ears alert to catch minute
Sometimes a blank appears in the cloze test
details and information from your daily life.
that has all the correct answer on your point of
view. Whenever this kind of situation arises,
Cloze Test is one of the recurring topics under
chose the most commonly used phrase or word
the English Language section of various
for that blank. Never try to be smart by
competitive exams. It tests a candidates
choosing any other option because you find it
understanding of the passage, grammatical
skills and vocabulary, and like RC, it is one of
suitable too. These sentences are given to test
the most scoring topics under the English
your general knowledge of the language. Language section. Example
Cloze Test is a passage (like Reading
I had a______ word with him.
Comprehension) with certain set of words
missing. The Cloze Test passages contain a. prompt
sentences that are logically connected, have a b. swift
well-defined structure and pattern and follow a
chronological order. All these help in c. quick
maintaining a unified tone throughout the
passage of the Cloze Test. One can say, that
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Cloze Test is a combination of Reading
right words to fill in the blanks/replace the
Comprehension and Fill in the Blanks. given word.
In a Cloze Test, candidates are given a passage
The sentences in a cloze test are logically
with multiple blanks. Each blank has an option
connected and follow a chronological order.
with 4-5 alternatives. Candidates are required
Identifying this pattern in the sentences will
to select the most suitable alternative.
help you get an idea of the kind of word that
you need to fill; whether it is a
Note on the New Pattern of Cloze Test
noun/pronoun/verb/preposition/conjunction/ar
ticle, etc. The best fitting words are the ones
In recent times, there has been a change in the
that maintain the tone and the consistency of
pattern of the Cloze Test: the passage.
The blanks in the passage already Examples: contain the words
A new option called ‘No changes
Articles: She opened ___ bag and took ___
required’ is provided for every blank
books out (Blanks that require articles to be
filled are the easiest to answer. ‘A’ and ‘An’ for
If the word given in the blank is correct, the
the general facts and ‘The’ article for anything
candidates are required to choose the ‘No specific)
changes required’ option. If the given word is
incorrect, the candidates are required to choose
Solution: She opened the bag and
the best alternative, to replace the given word,
took the books out.
from the given options.
Noun: I carry my ____ to the college (The most
How to Approach Cloze Test
appropriate answer would be a noun: laptop/book)
Step 1: Read the passage
Solution: I carry my book to the college.
Read the given passage carefully. Do not treat
the sentences like individual sentences.
Verb: _______ is good for physical as well as
Sentences in a Cloze Test passage are logically
mental health (the words ‘good for health’ gives
connected/linked. Once you determine the
a hint about the kind of word required to fill the
logical relation between the sentences, finding
gap. It could be anything that’s good for health:
appropriate words for the blanks (or replacing
Eating, sleeping, running, exercising, etc.)
the given word with appropriate one in the new
pattern) becomes an easy task.
Solution: Exercising is good for physical as well as mental health.
Step 2: Identify the tone & sentence pattern
Step 3: Determine the word type based on
Every Cloze Test passage has a tone. It could be tone
a narrative, it could be humorous, it could be
factual or it could be critical. Identifying the
The tone of the passage goes a long way in
tone of the passage helps in looking for the
helping candidates pick the right words.
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Sometimes, the words given are very similar
given options in the blanks one by one and
and might end up confusing the candidates. In
eliminate the ones that don’t fit.
such cases, identifying the tone helps in picking the right word.
Sometimes candidates are unsure if a particular
option is fitting or not, in such cases, check if Example:
the word from the passage fits in with the
theme/tone/tense of the given passage.
Gloria ______ merrily along the way with her
Sometimes the clue is present in the little bunnies.
words/sentences before and after the blank and
you can use your knowledge of the meaning
(i) a. Jumped b. Leaped c. Hopped
and usage of given words (options) to pick the right one.
The above sentence has a humorous/happy
tone (as opposed to a serious/critical one). You
If you are still confused and are not able to pick
must choose a word that maintains the tone of
between two or more words, pick the word
the sentence. Choosing the word ‘Hopped’
that’s most frequently used with the word(s)
helps in accomplishing that, as it brings to the around the blank.
mind images of people jumping with joy. Example:
For the old pattern
Is that your _____ address?
Step 4: Eliminate wrong options
(i) a. House b. Home c. Residential (All three
Sometimes it is difficult to spot the answers. In
options nearly mean the same thing. How to
such cases, use the elimination technique to decide then?)
discard answers that are most definitely
wrong and out of context.
Sometimes, in the English Language, some
words are frequently used together. For Example:
example; make room, bad habit, about time, fast food, etc.
Mr. Miller likes his tea steaming ____.
In the above example, ‘House’ & ‘Address’ are
(i) a. Cold b. Hot c. Lukewarm
generally used together. Hence, House is the answer.
It is obvious that cold/lukewarm coffee does not
steam. Eliminate them and you’re left with the
For the new pattern right answer.
Check if the given word matches with the tone
Step 5: Enter a suitable word
and pattern of the sentence and the passage. If
it does, choose the option: ‘No changes
Once you are done reading the passage,
required‘. Also check if any of the other options
identifying the tone, determining the right word
given would make a better alternative to the
and eliminating the wrong ones, it is time to fill
given word. If one of the options given seem like
the blank with the suitable word. Try and fit the
a better alternative, choose that option.
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Final step: Re-read the passage Options:
Once you are done picking the right options, re-
1. (i)=? (A) found (B) invent (C) estimate (D)
read the entire passage. Make sure the passage discover
sounds grammatically and logically correct and
that the words you chose maintain the overall
2. (iv)=? (A) operating (B) discovering (C)
tone and pattern of the given passage.
inventing (D) explaining
Practice is the key to master this topic. Practice
3. (vi)=? (A) storage (B) amount (C) effect (D)
solving previous years’ Cloze Test passages, lack
check your performance and measure your
progress. Reading a variety of text will help you
4. (x)=? (A) pleased (B) able (C) comfortable (D)
be prepared for passages from any kind of topic easy
and build a strong vocabulary.
5. (v)=? (A) sudden (B) unique (C) complicated
Try solving the following Cloze Test passage (D) automatic
(Solutions are provided at the end)
6. (vii)=? (A) on (B) to (C) in (D) at
Every month, scientists ___(i)___ new gadgets
and new ways to make technology faster and
7. (viii)=? (A) possibility (B) talent (C) master (D)
better. Our homes are full of hardware (such as ability DVD players and computers)
and ___(ii)___ (such as computer games and
8. (ii)=? (A) gadgets (B) laptops (C) software (D)
MP3s). ___(iii)___ suggests, however, that it is screens
the young people who are best able to deal with
this change. Whereas teenagers have no
9. (ix)=? (A) please (B) decrease (C) able (D) easy
problem ___(iv)___ a DVD player, their parents
and grandparents often find using new
10. (iii)=? (A) industry (B) experiment (C)
technology ___(v)___ and different. But if program (D) research
you’re a teenager who criticizes your parents
for their ___(vi)___ of technological awareness, Solutions:
don’t be too hard on them!
Sometime ___(vii)___the future, when you’ve
i. B – Gadgets are made by humans and hence
got children of your own, your ___(viii)___ to
‘invented’ and not discovered. ‘Found’ and
deal with new technology will
‘Estimate’ are definitely wrong and can be
probably ___(ix)___ and your children will feel
discarded using the elimination technique.
more ___(x)___ with new technology than you do.
ii. C – ‘Such as computer games and MP3s’ is a
clue. Computer games, laptops and MP3s aren’t
Direction: Read the passage carefully and
‘software’ and hence can be discarded.
choose the correct answer to each question
out of the four alternatives and fill in the
iii. D – ‘Program’ and ‘Industry’ don’t fit the bill. blanks.
While the words ‘Research’ and ‘Experiment’
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almost mean the same, ‘Research’ and
was a doctor ___(3)____ to Kannur, ___(4)___
‘Suggests’ are frequently used together.
participate in a conference.
iv. A – ‘Discovering’ is definitely wrong and can
Cloze test is a very complex sentence
be eliminated. ‘Inventing’ and ‘Explaining’
completion test. In this test you will be given a
doesn’t fit the bill if you read the rest of the
paragraph with few blanks. And you need to fill
sentence. Hence, ‘Operating’ is the right
these blanks from the given alternatives. This answer.
test is complex and bit typical because it
evaluates candidates Vocabulary power and his
v. C – ‘Unique’ and different almost mean the
understanding of the message of the passage or
same and hence can be discarded. Using
we can say to test the ability to judge the
‘Sudden’ and ‘Automatic’ won’t be logically or
overall meaning of the given passage.
grammatically correct. Hence, ‘Complicated’ is the right answer.
Often we provide answer and we end up with wrong one..
vi. D – ‘Effect’, ‘Amount’ and ‘Storage’ don’t fit
the bill, since they make the sentence
Now the question arises “How to Crack the
grammatically incorrect. Hence, ‘Lack’ is the Nut” right answer.
The Solution to this question is simple but the
vii. C – ‘On’, ‘To’ and ‘At’ will make the sentence
main thing is practice, more and more practice,
grammatically incorrect. Hence, ‘In’ is the right
but as I said in my earlier articles “Only Practice answer.
Not Makes a Man Perfect” But “Perfect Practice Makes a Man Perfect”
viii. D – ‘Master’ and ‘Possibility’ will make the
sentence sound grammatically incorrect.
How to Crack the Nut?
Being able to deal with technology is an ability
and not a ‘Talent’. Hence, ‘Ability’ is the right
First of all go through the complete answer.
passage and get a rough idea about the
content and the spirit of the passage.
ix. B – ‘Please’, ‘Able’ and ‘Easy’ will make the
In a passage mostly all the sentence are
sentence grammatically incorrect. Hence,
logically related to each other. These
‘Decrease’ is the right answer.
logics will give you an idea about the
appropriate word for the blank space.
x. C – ‘Able’ and ‘Easy’ do not fit the bill and
Sometimes you will easily spot the
hence can be eliminated. ‘Pleased’ doesn’t
correct answer, if you get the answer
maintain the tone or logic of the sentence.
immediately mark it. If not then
Hence, ‘Comfortable’ is the right answer.
eliminate the improbable options one by
one and get the right answer. FOR EXAMPLE:
Considering the above example,
My mother waved me goodbye and the bus
___(1)___. The man sitting ___(2)___ to me
My mother waved me goodbye and the bus
___(1)___. The man sitting ___(2)___ to me
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was a doctor ___(3)____ to Kannur, ___(4)___
solve these questions is regular reading and
participate in a conference
interaction with English. And let me remind you
again this can help you to score full marks in
First go through the complete passage we can
this cloze test. Practice more and more, clear
say according to the passage it is talking about
your doubts, ask questions (off course we are a journey.
always here for your help).
Now the options provided for (1) are (a) going (b) started (c)
A Practice Passage is given below:
arrived (d) stopped (e) traveling
Smile, they say, and soon there will be miles
Now in the above passage we can fill the (1)
and miles of smiles. If we keep ___(1)___
blank with “(b) started” as going is not proper
ourselves and do not mix with others, we shall
word, it cannot be “arrived” because if someone
soon be left alone to ponder ___(2)___ the
saying good bye that means other person is
misfortunes of life. Nobody likes to come across
going not arriving so it is also not appropriate
a ___(3)___ and self-centred person. People
word. Similarly cannot be “stopped”. And finally
___(4)___ gregarious and outgoing souls who
it cannot be “traveling”.
are prepared to share their joys and sorrows
___(5)___ if they have the capacity to laugh
In similar way by eliminating improbable words
___(6)___ their problems and miseries.
we can find other blank as shown below.
Laughter brings people ___(7)___ whereas
keeping to oneself distances people. It has
The options for (2) are:
___(8)___ been rightly said that laughter is the
(a) next (b) besides (c)
shortest distance between two persons. Once
near (d) side (e) neighbour
two persons ____(9)____ together, the circle of
This blank will be filled by “(a) next”
acquaintance and consequently friendship
___(10)___, thus making the world a happy
The options for (3) are: place to live in.
(a) coming (b) arriving (c)
going (d) visiting (e) flying 1. (a) by (b) to (c)
This blank will be filled by “(c) going” with (d) into (e) across 2. (a) over (b) on (c)
The options for (4) are: at (d) upon (e) above (a) to (b) for (c)
3. (a) sad (b) serious (c) so (d) and (e) then
glum (d) selfish (e) resent
This blank will be filled by “(a) to” 4. (a) like (b) love (c)
hate (d) dislike (e) resent
This way you can easily get the point by finding
5. (a) disappear (b) vanish (c)
the spirit of the passage as here the spirit of the
increase (d) fade out (e) develop
passage was the boy is going somewhere thus 6. (a) at (b) over (c)
this makes easier to eliminate words like away (d) on (e) above
‘arriving, stopped, etc ’from the given options. 7. (a) close (b) near (c)
together (d) apart (e) different
Constant practice will help to answer cloze test
8. (a) hence (b) so (c)
quickly and accurately. The best practice to
however (d) therefore (e) thus
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9. (a) get (b) come (c)
1. Choose the correct option sit (d) are (e) go
10. (a) widens (b) broadens (c) 1. Planned
increases (d) grows (e) narrows 2. Say 3. Made Answers: 4. Decide
(1) b. (2) a. (3) c. (4) b. (5) b. (6) 5. Trust
c. (7) c. (8) d. (9) b. (10). d
2. Choose the correct option 1. Mess
Directions—(Q.11-20) In the following passage 2. Home
there are blanks each of which has been 3. Sad
numbered. These numbers are printed below 4. Luck
the passage and against each five words/ 5. School
phrases are suggested one of which fits the
blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate
3. Choose the correct option
word in each case. 1. In
I said, "Wow, B! What a room." He looked sort 2. On
of embarrassed and told me that he and his 3. Out
dad _1_ it just so. He said, "You're in _2_! 4. Off
Today we are going to work _3_ the details of 5. At
the rocket _4_." Of course, I have no idea what
he's talking about. "I'm going to build _5_
4. Choose the correct option
rockets for the Fourth of July fireworks," he
continued. "I've got some light weight metal 1. Base
sheets and I need your help in _6_ a base for 2. Station
the rocket." I was sort of relieved that I wasn't 3. Science
going to have to mix up combustible ingredients 4. Toy
_7_ a hot Bunsen burner! 5. Launcher
We got some supplies and looked up the rocket
5. Choose the correct option
launcher on the internet. B had lots of contacts
and web sites to check out for reference. After 1. Some
reading the _8_, I could think of nothing but 2. Many
_9_ the rocket launcher into position. When I 3. Much
heard my mom's horn honk outside I jumped up 4. More
in amazement! How could four hours have 5. Less
_10_ away that fast? Especially considering
that I was learning something new! I told B
6. Choose the correct option
goodbye, and he promised not to continue until I came back tomorrow. 1. Building 2. Standing
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10. Choose the correct option 4. Creating 5. Made 1. Moved 2. Slipped
7. Choose the correct option 3. Pass 4. Stopped 1. On 5. Swift 2. At 3. Over Answers: 4. Below 5. Down 1. (1)
8. Choose the correct option 2. (4) 1. Notice 3. (3) 2. Hoarding 3. Pamphlet 4. (5) 4. Instructions 5. Dictionary 5. (1)
9. Choose the correct option 6. (1) 1. Moulding 7. (3) 2. Make 3. Placing 8. (4) 4. Made 5. Create 9. (1) 10. (2)
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Practice Problems On Cloze Test
Directions: In the passage given below there
people tend to spend more time in real realities
are 6 blanks, each followed by a word given in
than computer-generated ones. AR thus has
bold. Every blank has four alternative words
techies licking their lips in anticipation of a
given in options (A),(B),(C) and (D). You have
giant new market. Digi-Capital, a firm of
to tell which word will best suit the respective
merger and acquisitions advisors in California,
blank. Mark (E) as your answer if the work
reckons that of the $108 billion a year which it
given in bold after the blank is your answer i.e
predicts will be spent by 2021 on VR and AR
“No change required
combined, AR will take three-quarters.
Science fiction both predicts the future 1. A) move
and (1) (focus) the scientists and B) influence
technologists who (2) (work for C) urge
develop) that future about. Mobile phones, to D) command
take a famous example, are essentially real-life
E) No Correction required
versions of the hand-held communicators
wielded by Captain Kirk and his crewmates in Answer
the original series of “Star Trek”. The clamshell
models of the mid-2000s even take design cues Option B
directly from those fictional devices.
2. A) disposed to maintain
If companies ranging from giants like Microsoft B) adhere to carry
and Google to newcomers like Magic Leap and C) work to bring
Meta have their way, the next thing to leap D) work to brought
from fiction to fact will be augmented reality
E) No Correction required
(AR). AR is a sci-fi staple, from Arnold
Schwarzenegger’s heads-up display in the Answer
“Terminator” films to the holographic computer
screens that Tom Cruise slings around as a Option C
futuristic policeman in “Minority Report”. 3. A) buddy
AR is a close (3) (cousin) to virtual reality B) relative
(VR). There is, though, a crucial difference C) niece
between them: the near-opposite meanings D) bunny
they (4) (parable) to the term “reality”. VR
E) No Correction required
aims to drop users into a convincing, but
artificial, world. AR, by contrast, supplements Answer
the real world by laying useful or entertaining
computer-generated data over it. Such an Option E
overlay might be a map annotated with
directions, or a reminder about a meeting, or 4. A) arrogate
even a virtual alien with a ray gun, B) absolve
ripe (5) (bombast). Despite the hype C) beg
and (6) (important) given recently to VR,
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E) No Correction required
have (3) (smaller) enough and become
sufficiently powerful, has it become possible to Answer
give people a similar sort of experience as they
go about their daily lives. Option D
Last year, for instance, the world was briefly 5. A) for enhancing
entranced by an AR smartphone game called B) for boosting
Pokémon Go. Players had to (4) (lost) the C) for carrying
world collecting virtual monsters that were, D) for aspiring
thanks to their phones’ cameras, drawn over a
E) No Correction required
phone’s-eye view of a building’s lobby or a
stand of trees. Apps such as Snapchat, which Answer
features image filters that permit users to take
pictures of themselves and others wearing Option B
computer-generated rabbit ears or elaborate
virtual make-up, are another example. 6. A) exploration B) experience
There are less (5) (hyper) uses, too. Google’s C) encroachment
Translate app employs computer vision, D) prominence
automatic translation and a smartphone’s
E) No Correction required
camera to show an image of the world that has
text, such as items on menus and street signs, Answer
interpreted into any of several dozen languages. Option D
Apps like Snapchat and Translate rely on
Directions: In the passage given below there
machine-vision algorithms to work their magic.
are 6 blanks, each followed by a word given in
Snapchat is designed to detect faces. This works
bold. Every blank has four alternative words
well enough, but means that
given in options (A),(B),(C) and (D). You have
the (6) (bunny) ears can be applied only to
to tell which word will best suit the respective
heads. Translate, similarly, looks for text in the
blank. Mark (E) as your answer if the work
world upon which to work its magic. But
given in bold after the blank is your answer i.e
smartphone-makers have bigger plans.
“No change required 1. A) being fitted
Like many science-fictional technologies, AR is B) done fitting
in fact already here—just unevenly distributed. C) having been fitted
An early version was the heads-up displays that D) having fitted
began (1) (to be fitted) to jet fighters in the
E) No Correction required
1950s. These projected information such as
compass headings, altitude and banking angles Answer
onto the cockpit canopy. Such displays
occasionally (2) (going high)in cars, too. But Option E
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E) No Correction required C) turn around D) moving high Answer
E) No Correction required Option E Answer
Directions (1-10): In the passage given below Option B
there are 10 blanks, each followed by a word
given in bold. Each blank has four alternative 3. A) reduce
words given in options (A),(B),(C) and (D). You B) reduced
have to tell which word will best suit the C) needed
respective blank. Mark (E) as your answer if D) shrunk
the word given in bold after the blank is your
E) No Correction required
answer i.e “No change required”. Answer
The increasing cost of higher education in the
United States has been a --(1)---(contrast) topic Option D
for debate in recent decades. American society -
--(2)---(denigrate) the importance of education 4. A) range
after high school, yet the cost of undergraduate B) wander
and advanced degrees continually rises at a C) rove
greater rate than ---(3)----(inflammation). D) divagate E) No Correction required
According to the Advisory Committee on
Student Financial Assistance, cost factors Answer
prevent 48% of college-qualified high school Option B
graduates from ---(4)----(pursuing) further
education (McKeon, 2004, p. 45). The current 5. A) trivial
system requires the majority of students to ---- B) petty
(5)----(dissipate) extensive debt with the C) sedate
expectation that they gain ----(6)---- D) frivolous
(unprofitable) post-graduate employment to
E) No Correction required repay their loans. Answer
The cost of higher education raises several ---
(7)----(ethical) issues. Among these are the Option D
perpetuation of the cycle of debt in American
commercial society, the ---(8)---- 6. A) dish
(hypothetical) of differing higher education B) honey
institutions and cost, and the resulting C) leon
socioeconomic and racial inequities in college
demographics. Both an examination of the
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current trends and figures and a closer look at a (c)innocuous
real life example show the troublesome state of
higher education and its ---(9)---(affect) on our (d)incongruous commercial society. (e) No change required
Research indicates a steep upward trend in the
cost of higher education throughout the 20th Q4.
century. In recent decades, America has
witnessed a widening gap between inflation (a)prefer
and tuition. An incoming freshman at a typical
college ---(10)---(infer) charges for tuition, (b)perpetual
university fees, books, room and board, and
other miscellaneous items. (c)perfunctory Q1. (d)predilection (a)contempt (e) No change required (b)constant Q5. (c)continuing (a)accrue (d)contrite (b)accumulate (e) No change required (c)acrimonious Q2. (d)accredited (a)immaculate (e) No change required (b)immune Q6. (c)inimical (a)lascivious (d)emphasizes (b)luscious (e) No change required (c)lucrative Q3. (d)capricious (a)inflation (e) No change required (b)inference Q7. (a)amoral
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Sol. continue (verb), gerund or present participle: continuing (e) No change required
Meaning: persist in an activity or process. In the Q8.
given blank, we need a verb form (a)hierarchy
(present perfect continuous tense) that express
the idea of continuity. hence, 'continuing' is (b)dichotomy correct word choice. (c)trichotomy S2. Ans.(d) (d)transgression
Sol. "American society "emphasizes" the
importance of education after high school". (e) No change required
emphasizes is correct word choice in the given Q9. context. (a)arcane
denigrate (verb): criticize unfairly; disparage.
denigrate is totally irrelevant word. (b)affirmative S3. Ans.(a) (c)effective
Sol. inflation meaning: a general increase in (d)effect
prices and fall in the purchasing value (e) No change required
of money. In this sentence, the comparison is done with inflation. Q10.
"the cost of undergraduate and advanced (a)insure
degrees continually rises at a greater rate than inflation." (b)incurs
inflammatory (adjective) meaning: relating to (c)insist
or causing inflammation of a part of the body.
this is totally out of the context word. (d)inflate S4. Ans.(e) (e) No change required
Sol. pursuing- is correct word choice.
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pursue-to carry on or continue (a course of
"the hierarchy of differing higher education
action, a train of thought, an inquiry,
institutions and cost, and the resulting
socioeconomic and racial inequities in college studies, etc.).
demographics." hierarchy fits in the context of the sentence correctly. S5. Ans.(b) S9. Ans.(d)
Sol. accumulate-gather together or acquire an
increasing number or quantity of.
Sol. effect is a noun and affect is a verb. in this
context, we need a noun form. hence 'effect' is
accumulate correctly fits in the context of the correct word choice. sentence. S10. Ans.(b)
"The current system requires the majority of
students to accumulate extensive debt with the
Sol. incur-become subject to (something expectation that"
unwelcome or unpleasant) as a result of one's own behaviour or actions.
dissipate meaning-(with reference to a feeling
or emotion) disappear or cause to
infer-deduce or conclude (something) from
evidence and reasoning rather than from
disappear. hence, dissipate is totally irrelevant
explicit statements. infers is correct choice.
word to fit in this context.
In September 2015, the leaders of 193 countries S6. Ans.(c)
agreed to achieve the Sustainable Development
Goals (SDGs) – the most (1)….plan ever to
Sol. lucrative-producing a great deal of profit.
promote human development – by 2030. Nearly
according to the context we need
two years into the process, there are plenty of
reasons for concern: the amount of financing
positive word that express profit-making. hence
raised so far is unlikely to be sufficient, and not
lucrative is correct word choice.
all countries have (2)….data to measure
progress on the ground. It is enough to test S7. Ans.(e)
even the most diehard (3)….But there is still
plenty of reason for hope. I recently visited
Sol. ethical-elating to moral principles or the
Colombia, which, at long last, is leaving behind
branch of knowledge dealing with these. ethical
its decades-long civil conflict with
is correct word choice and express the idea
the (4)….Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and
correctly conveyed in the sentence.
setting itself up for SDG success.
In any country, achieving the SDGs will require S8. Ans.(a)
government, business, aid agencies,
multilateral banks, and civil society to work
Sol. hierarchy-a system in which members of an
together, adopt flexible approaches, share
organization or society are ranked according to
knowledge, measure progress effectively, and
relative status or authority.
recognize that the various targets are
interconnected. Colombia seems to understand
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this, and is (5)….an (6)…. approach that 4) depreciator
leverages the strengths of each actor. 5) calm
Start with government. According to Colombia’s
finance minister, Mauricio Cárdenas
Answer & Explanation
Santamaría, the country is localizing the SDGs
through the planning department, using the Answer – 3)
SDG framework to guide reforms relating to the
Explanation: ambitious – having or
implementation of the peace agreement with
showing a strong desire and
the FARC, OECD (7)…., the National
determination to succeed.
Development Plan, and the Paris climate agreement. 2. 1) apportioned
Meanwhile, Cárdenas points out, Colombia’s 2) defamer
policymakers are taking care to highlight the 3) adequate
benefits of these efforts – in areas ranging from 4) quiescence
health care and education to employment – for 5) asunder
the public. They recognize that a top-down
approach will not work: to achieve the SDGs, all
Answer & Explanation
levels of the government, economy, and society
must feel connected to the goals, Answer – 3)
understanding the (8)….impact that achieving
Explanation: adequate – satisfactory or
them will have.To get business on board, the
acceptable in quality or quantity.
Bogotá Chamber of Commerce, led by Monica
de Greiff, is raising awareness of the SDGs 3. 1) optimist
among its 640,000 members and providing 2) censor
skills training in sectors like construction and 3) discrete
health care. The aim is to achieve the SDGs’ 4) sovereign
targets while increasing the economy’s overall 5) sundered competitiveness.
The good news is that, as Bruce MacMaster of
Answer & Explanation
the Bogotá-based business advocacy and think
tank ANDI noted, businesses have a strong Answer – 1)
incentive to (9)….the gains of the peace
Explanation: optimist – hopeful and
process, especially in remote areas that
confident about the future.
have (10)….been cut off from government
services. And, indeed, in Medellín, once the 4. 1) distant
illicit drug capital of the world, the leaders of 2) isolated
small and large businesses with whom I met are 3) embodied
already integrating the SDGs into their business 4) stagnation
plans and supply chains. 5) Revolutionary 1.
Answer & Explanation 1) abstracted 2) sluggishness Answer – 5) 3) ambitious
Explanation: Revolutionary – involving
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or causing a complete or dramatic 4) bizarre change. 5) scattered 5. 1) repel
Answer & Explanation 2) pursuing 3) torpidity Answer – 3) 4) conspicuous
Explanation: concrete – existing in a 5) dissuade
material or physical form; not abstract.
Answer & Explanation 9. 1) phenomenal 2) incredible Answer – 2) 3) prodigious
Explanation: pursuing – follow or chase 4) consolidate
(someone or something). 5) divergent 6. 1) intangible
Answer & Explanation 2) abstract 3) integrated Answer – 4) 4) stasis
Explanation: consolidate – make 5) evacuation
(something) physically stronger or more solid.
Answer & Explanation 10. 1) partitioned Answer – 3) 2) halves
Explanation: integrated – (of an 3) astonishing
institution, body, etc.) desegregated, 4) atypical especially racially. 5) traditionally 7. 1) accession
Answer & Explanation 2) torpor 3) withdrawal Answer – 5) 4) distinguish
Explanation: traditionally – as part of a 5) queer
long-established custom, practice, or belief; typically.
Answer & Explanation
Direction: In the passage given below there Answer – 1)
are 6 blanks, each followed by a word given in
Explanation: accession – the attainment
bold. Every blank has four alternative words
or acquisition of a position of rank or
given in options (A),(B),(C) and (D). You have power.
to tell which word will best suit the respective
blank. Mark (E) as your answer if the work 8. 1) prominent
given in bold after the blank is your answer i.e 2) eminent
“No change required 3) concrete
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It was this private pondering, rather than the
Snipers point out that IMF forecasts have been
actual possession of a secret, that seemed
far from perfect. Some glitches are excusable. In
crucial to health and well-being. People who
the spring of 1990, it predicted that Kuwait’s
reported thinking about their secrets less often
economy would grow by 0.8% that year. It
than once a week over the course of the
actually (7) (alightly) 26%. The IMF’s model
previous month had an average health index of
did not allow for an Iraqi invasion. But other
66 out of 100, compared with 49 for those who
errors are less easily explained: between 1990
thought about their secrets every day. Similarly,
and 2007, the IMF’s spring forecasts
those who thought little about their secrets had
underestimated global growth in 13 of the 18
well-being scores close to zero, while those who
years, in large part because it failed
thought about them a lot scored -2.
to (8) (discerned) the spectacular rise of China.
The types and numbers of secrets kept by
members of these two contrasting groups,
Since the financial crisis, however, the
those who thought regularly about their secrets
IMF (9) (have had) to revise down its
and those who did not, were not materially
forecasts over time every year since 2010 (see
different. That their reactions to those secrets
chart). The fund’s spring forecasts for the
differed is therefore puzzling. Dr Slepian favours
coming year have turned out to be over-
psychological explanations for the damage
optimistic in the past three years.
secrets do, such as the idea that they
sometimes (1) (confidence) unresolved
Christine Lagarde, the IMF’s boss,
issues, which thus (2) (withdraw) on
recently (10) (relinquish) that economic
thinking. But that neither explains the different
growth in the past six years has been
responses nor gets to the heart of the matter. If
“disappointing”, but held firm in her belief that
keeping secrets is beneficial—
the world economy was turning. Hence the
which, (3) (conjecturally), it often is—
positive revision to its global GDP forecast—
evolution might have been expected to have
albeit by just a tenth of a percentage point.
weeded out those who suffer as a consequence of doing so. The global economy may
still (11) (fluctuated) for a number of
Perhaps such weeding is a work in progress, for
reasons. Ms Lagarde worries the rich world will
deep secrecy of the sort people engage in
suffer “self-inflicted wounds” from poor policy
becomes both possible and necessary only once
choices, notably on trade. Political uncertainty
language has come into being, and language is,
abounds. Just hours before the IMF released the
itself, a recent evolutionary phenomenon. In the
WEO came the surprising news of
meantime, at least one human
a/an (12) (imminent) election in Britain.
organisation (4) (fulfill) how to benefit from
The known unknowns hardly help, either. Mr
the burden imposed by secrecy. The Roman
Trump’s fiscal policies, for example, are far from
Catholic sacrament of penance
firm plans—Maurice Obstfeld, the IMF’s chief
and (5) (accordance), commonly called
economist, calls them “a work in progress”.
confession, is a perfect response. It offers to lift
that burden in a procedure that, though not 1. A) firm
cost free to the (6) (reverend) is, itself, B) distress completely secret. C) serenity
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E) No correction required 6. A) priest Answer B) confessor C) victim Option D D) pastor E) No correction required 2. A) infringe B) intrude Answer C) interlope D) pry Option B
E) No correction required 7. A) short by Answer B) sort by C) fell by Option B D) dropped to E) No correction required 3. A) theoretically B) perhaps Answer C) ostensibly D) presumably Option C
E) No correction required 8. A) provide Answer B) fear C) prognosticate Option ED D) forsee E) No correction required 4. A) completed B) finished Answer C) has completed D) has worked out Option D
E) No correction required 9. A) has has Answer B) has been C) has being Option D D) has had E) No correction required 5. A) harmony B) pardon Answer C) reconciliation D) arbitration Option D
E) No correction required 10. A) recognized Answer B) conceded
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Apart from increasing the scope of existing IP D) conformed
rights, there is a move to create new IP-like
E) No correction required
rights. A case in point is data exclusivity over
clinical trial data submitted by drug companies Answer
to the regulatory authorities for market
approval, the grant of which could severely Option B
undermine access to medicines.The propensity
to expand the universe of IP is not new: 11. A) stutter
businesses have demanded patent protection B) totter
for the way they do business; motorcycle C) pause
manufacturers have got into dispute over the D) falter
trademark on the exhaust sound of
E) No correction required
motorcycles; and animal activists have fought
for copyright in a selfie taken by a monkey. IP in Answer
the modern world defies definition, transcends
boundaries and has become synonymous with Option D
ascribing value to things that we don’t fully
understand. The issue of whether India should 12. A) coming
offer data exclusivity — one of the key issues B) close
discussed in the RCEP — is tied to our C) looming
understanding of what amounts to IP and D) nigh
whether we are obliged to protect it.
E) No correction required
Data exclusivity prevents drug --(3)--- from Answer
referring to or relying on data submitted by an
originator company relating to a drug’s safety Option E
and ---(4)--- while approving bioequivalent
versions of the same drug, i.e. therapeutically
Directions (1-10): In the following passage
equivalent generics and biosimilars for a fixed
there are blanks, each of which has been
period of time. A drug that comes to the market
numbered. These numbers are printed in the
for the first time undergoes extensive pre
passage and against each, five words are
clinical and clinical trials on animals initially and
suggested, one of which fits the blanks
human beings later before it is introduced for
appropriately. Find out the appropriate word
public use — a time-consuming and expensive in each case.
process. Developed countries, on behalf of their
pharmaceutical lobbies, seek data exclusivity in
April 26 is World Intellectual Property (IP) day.
developing countries arguing that this is
Over the years, global IP --(1)-- have steadily
necessary to recognise and incentivise the
expanded beyond World Trade Organisation
efforts put in to bring a new drug to the market
(WTO) requirements, thanks to free trade
along with recovering the research and
agreements such as the Regional
development costs incurred — arguments
Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP)
similar to those used to justify the grant of
which India is currently --(2)--- with its trading
patents. However, such exclusivity would
partners. But there is new cause for worry.
prevent market entry of generic versions of the
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drug, which could be ---(5)--- to the larger public
greater obligation to make the data public and
interest. Pharmaceutical companies have been
IP-free. The Agreement on Trade-Related
pushing for data exclusivity to prolong already
Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
existing ---(6)--- and delay competition from
(TRIPS) does not mandate data exclusivity.
generics even after the expiry of the 20-year
Providing data exclusivity is a TRIPS-plus
patent term or to gain exclusivity on non-
measure. According IP-like protection to data
patented drugs. In India, such a system may
exclusivity is not advisable for three reasons.
negate the impact of Section 3(d) of the Patents
Act, which disallows evergreening patents. With
First, it is an absolute protection granted
data exclusivity, a company could nevertheless
without any institutional check such as
gain exclusive rights over such drugs even
opposition and revocation as available in other
though they are not patented. This is because
forms of IP and ends up as an irrevocable
during the period of exclusivity, regulators are
exclusivity to the originator. Second, the U.S.
barred from using the originators’ data to grant
Supreme Court in Mayo v. Prometheus, 132 S.
marketing approval to generics; generic
Ct. 1289 (2012) has excluded ---(10)---
companies would then be required to repeat
protection to biological correlations, terming it
the entire cycle of clinical trials already
as an extension of natural laws. Extending IP-
conducted instead of merely establishing
like protection to clinical observations — the
bioequivalence to prove efficacy. As seen in
primary objective of data exclusivity — will
countries where data exclusivity is granted,
open a window to claim exclusivity in a subject
generic companies do not undertake such
matter traditionally excluded under patent law.
clinical trials and their versions of the drug
Third, offering IP-like exclusivity solely on the
accordingly stay off the market as long as the
basis of money spent in regulatory testing will
period of data exclusivity lasts. With restricted
set a bad precedent for other industries that
market entry of generics, artificially high drug
may now claim an IP when there is none.
prices remain which puts medicines beyond
public reach. Apart from the financial Q1.
costs, repeated clinical trials on human subjects
raise ethical and moral concerns.Unlike in the (a) assembly
West, India does not offer data exclusivity and
allows bioequivalent generics to be registered (b) values
based on, among other things, trial data
available in the ---(7)---- domain. (c) standards
The argument that clinical trial data needs (d) morals
exclusivity in the light of the money expended is
an untenable one. Automotive companies (e) mortal
spend millions of dollars on data generated in
car crash tests to ensure passenger and ---(8)--- Q2.
- safety. Automotive companies have not made
any ---(9)--- claim on the data generated, yet. (a) fighting
Unlike automotive companies which use crash
test dummies, pharmaceutical companies that (b) demonstrating
test their drugs on human subjects have a
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(d) revolution : illumination (c) petulant (e) None of these (d) petal
Q14. BEER :BARLEY (e) pertinent (a) whiskey : corn
Directions (11-15): In each of the following (b) bourbon : hops
questions a related pair of words is followed
by four pairs of words or phrases. Select the (c) bread : yeast
pair that best expresses a relationship similar
to the one expressed in the question pair. (d) vodka : grapes
Q11. ARBORETUM : PLANTS (e) None of these
(a) menagerie : animals
Q15. FUSTY : MUSTY (b) field : grass (a) fetish : aversion (c) botany : herbs
(b) bias : disinterested (d) grotesque : jokes (c) noisome : fetid (e) None of these
(d) predisposition : fairness
Q12. DIABETES : DISEASE (e) None of these (a) blood : heart Solutions (b) pen : tool S1. Ans.(c) (c) sorcery : spirits
Sol. Standards fits in the context of the sentence
correctly. “Global IP standards” is correct (d) novel : prose
phrase, other options are irrelevant. (e) None of these S2. Ans.(e)
Q13. CHRONOMETER : ERGOMETER
Sol. Negotiating- fits in the context of the
sentence correctly. RCEP is negotiating with its (a) sequence : energy
trading partners. other options are irrelevant. (b) color : voltage S3. Ans.(a)
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Sol. regulator-a person or body that supervises
generated, yet". hence, this word correctly fits
a particular industry or business activity.
in the context of the sentence correctly.
regulator-fits in the context of the sentence correctly S10. Ans.(b) S4. Ans.(b)
Sol. patent-a government authority or licence
conferring a right or title for a set period,
Sol. efficacy-the ability to produce a desired or
especially the sole right to exclude others from
intended result. efficacy-fits in the context of
making, using, or selling an invention. ‘patent’
the sentence correctly.
is appropriate word and complete the meaning
of the sentence correctly. S5. Ans.(d) S11. Ans.(a)
Sol. detrimental-tending to cause harm. Other options are irrelevant.
Sol. arboretum is botanical garden – plants (for
study) or display – menagerie is a collection of S6. Ans.(e) animals (for display)
Sol. monopoly-the exclusive possession or S12. Ans.(b)
control of the supply of or trade in a commodity or service.
Sol. Diabetes is a type of disease; pen is type of tool.
“Monopoly of Pharmaceutical companies”.
hence, monopoly is appropriate word. S13. Ans.(c) S7. Ans.(b)
Sol. chronometer (clock) measures time;
ergometer measures work done.
Sol. “trial data available in the PUBLIC domain.”
Public is appropriate word. S14. Ans.(a) S8. Ans.(a)
Sol. Beer is made from barley; whisky is made
from corn (corn, rye or barley).
Sol. Automotive companies spend millions of
dollars on data generated in car crash tests to S15. Ans.(c)
ensure passenger and pedestrian safety. Use of
the word pedestrian is appropriate.
Sol. Fusty and musty are synonyms; noisome and fetid are synonyms. S9. Ans.(d)
Sol. proprietary-relating to an owner or ownership.
The frail nature of rural India’s health systems
and the..(1)..patient load on a
"Automotive companies have not made any
few..(2)..hospitals have become even more
proprietary/ownership claim on the data
evident from the crisis at the Baba Raghav Das
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Medical College in Gorakhpur. The institution 4) crisp
has come under the spotlight after reports 5) shivery
emerged of the death of several children over a
short period, although epidemics and a high
Answer & Explanation
mortality level are chronic features here.
Medical infrastructure in several surrounding Answer – 3)
districts and even neighbouring States is so
Explanation: extraordinary – very
weak that a large number of very sick patients unusual or remarkable.
are sent to such apex hospitals as a last resort.
The..(3)..aspects of the system are..(4)..from 2. 1) referral
the Comptroller and Auditor General’s report on 2) elementary
reproductive and child health under the 3) facile
National Rural Health Mission for the year 4) lucid
ended March 2016. Even if the audit objections 5) walkover
on financial administration were to be ignored,
the picture that emerges in several States is one
Answer & Explanation
of inability to..(5)..the funds allocated, shortage
of staff at primary health centres (PHCs), Answer – 1)
community health centres (CHCs) and district
Explanation: referral – an act of
hospitals, lack of essential medicines, broken-
referring someone or something for
down equipment and unfilled doctor vacancies.
consultation, review, or further action.
In the case of Uttar Pradesh, the CAG found
that about 50% of the PHCs it..(6)..did not have 3. 1) dysfunctional
a doctor, while 13 States had significant levels 2) intact
of vacancies. Basic facilities in the form of
health sub-centres, PHCs and CHCs met only 3) harmed
half the need in Bihar, Jharkhand, Sikkim,
Uttarakhand and West Bengal, putting pressure 4) instability
on a ..(7)..of referral institutions such as the 5) disequilibrium Gorakhpur hospital.
Templates for an upgraded rural health system
Answer & Explanation
have long been finalised and the Indian Public Answer – 1)
Health Standards were issued in 2007 and 2012,
Explanation: dysfunctional – not
covering facilities from health sub-centres
operating normally or properly.
upwards. The Centre has set..(8)..health goals
for 2020 and is in the process of deciding the 4. 1) unscathed
financial..(9)..for various targets under the
National Health Mission, including reduction of 2) disequilibration
the infant mortality rate to 30 per 1,000 live
births, from the recent..(10)..of 40. 3) evident 4) assets 1. 1) shatterable 2) brittle 5) receipts 3) extraordinary
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Answer & Explanation
Explanation: handful – a quantity that fills the hand. Answer – 3)
Explanation: evident – clearly seen or 8. 1) honorarium understood; obvious. 2) ambitious 3) content 5. 1) disputable 4) avails 2) vague 3) harvest 5) withdraw 4) absorb 5) drawings
Answer & Explanation
Answer & Explanation Answer – 2)
Explanation: ambitious – having or Answer – 4)
showing a strong desire and determination to succeed.
Explanation: absorb – take in or soak up
(energy or a liquid or other substance) 9. 1) deduct
by chemical or physical action. 2) fulfilled 3) withhold 6. 1) audited 4) detract 2) obscure 5) outlay 3) proceeds
Answer & Explanation 4) payoff Answer – 5) 5) revenue
Explanation: outlay – an amount of money spent on something.
Answer & Explanation 10. 1) unassuming Answer – 1) 2) estimate
Explanation: audited – conduct an 3) satisfied
official financial inspection of (a company or its accounts). 4) diminish 7. 1) astasia 5) decrease 2) gravy 3) compensation
Answer & Explanation 4) handful 5) commission Answer – 2)
Explanation: estimate – roughly
Answer & Explanation
calculate or judge the value, number, quantity, or extent of. Answer – 4)
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Directions (1-15): In the following passage,
irrigation) rise in inputs is not complemented by
there are blanks, each of which has been
an increase in the purchase price of the
numbered. These numbers are printed below
agricultural produce. Even today, in several
the passage and against each, five words are
parts of the country agriculture, is a seasonal
suggested, one of which fits the blank
occupation. In many districts, farmers get only
appropriately. Find out the appropriate word
one crop per year and for the remaining part of in each case.
the year, they find it ____(12)_______(feasible
to increase livelihood).The farmers normally
Agriculture has always been celebrated as the
resort to borrowing from money lenders, in the
primary sector in India. Thanks to the Green
absence of institutionalized finance. Where
Revolution, India is now ___(1)____(self-
institutional finance is available, the ordinary
addressed for) production. Indian agriculture
farmer does not have a chance of availing it has
been ____(2)___(growing and using
because of the procedures involved in
technologically) as well. Does that mean
disbursing the finance. This calls for removing
everything is looking bright for Indian
the elaborate formalities for obtaining the
agriculture? A superficial analysis of the above
loans. The institutional finance, where available
points would tempt one to say yes, but
is mostly availed by the medium or large land
the ___(3)_____( the study is different). The
owners, the small farmers do not even have the
reality is that Indian farmers have to face
awareness of the existence of such facilities.
extreme poverty and financial crisis, which
The money lender is the only source of finance
is _____(4)___(understanding them
to the farmers. Should the crops fail, the
for) suicides. What are the grave adversities
farmers fall into a debt trap and crop failures
that drive the farmers to commit suicide? At a
piled up over the years give them no other
time when the Indian economy is __(5)____(up option than ending their lives.Another
for performing ) to take on the world?
disturbing trend has been observed where
Indian agriculture is ___(6)______ (dominantly
farmers commit suicide or deliberately kill a
about the) nature. Irrigation facilities that are
family member in order to avail relief and
currently available, do not cover the entire
benefits announced by the government to
cultivable land. If the farmers are at
support the families of those who have
the ___(7)_____ (leniency of land) for timely
committed suicide so that their families could at
water for their crops, they are at the mercy of
least benefit from the Government’s relief
the government for ___(8)____(alternating
programs. What then needs to be done to
irrigation facility). Any failure of nature directly
prevent this sad state of affairs? There cannot
affects the ___(9)__(destination of farmers).
be one single solution to end the woes of
Secondly, Indian agriculture is largely an farmers.Temporary unorganized sector, there is
measures ____(13)______(through
no ___(10)____(unorganized planning),
donation) would not be the solution. The
farmers work on lands of uneconomical sizes, governmental efforts should
institutional finances are not available and
be _______(14)______(mentioning the
minimum purchase prices of the government do
measures) of the small farmers wherein the
not, in reality, reach the poorest farmer. Added
relief is not given on a drought to drought basis,
to this, the cost of agricultural inputs have been
rather they are taught to overcome their
steadily rising over the years, farmers margins
difficulties through their own skills and
of profits have been ____(11)____(causing the
capabilities. Social responsibility also goes a
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long way to help the farmers. The general
Sol. The hint is given in the passage itself. 'but' public, NGOs, Corporates and other
before the blank indicates a contradiction, a
organizations too can play a part in helping
negative connotation is needed here. Option D
farmers by _____(15)_______ (rectifying their is the correct choice.
fields) and families and helping them to rehabilitate. Q4. (a)driving them to Q1. (b)bringing them for (a)perfect about (c)drived them to (b)rely to food (d)attracting them in
(c)self-sufficient in food (e) no change (d)dependent to food (e) no change S4. Ans.(a)
Sol. Choice A is correct. As we read further after S1. Ans.(c)
the blank, there is a hint,'What are the grave
Sol.Option D and B can be easily eliminated
adversities that drive the farmers to commit
after a rough reading of the paragraph. Option
suicide', it gives us a confirmation about the
D and B have a negative connotation.Hence are options.
wrong. Between Option A and C, Option C is the
correct choice as it gives the meaning that Q5.
green revolution has made India independent
(a)thought of alleviate up and self-supporting.
(b)imagined for elevation
(c)supposed to be gearing up Q2.
(d)gradually steeping up at (a)longing to greenery (e) no change
(b)making technological advancement (c)creating marginal S5. Ans.(c) (d)producing grains
Sol. Option C is the correct choice. Using (e) no change
elimination rule through the knowledge of
prepositions, Choice C is the apt choice. 'Indian S2. Ans.(b)
economy is supposed to be gearing up to take
Sol.Here in this question, Only option B is on the world'.
correct. Other options are grammatically incorrect. Q6. (a)dominating over the Q3. (b)making up to
(a)reality suggests the same (c)looking at (b)demand is same
(d)predominantly dependent on (c)reality is bright (e) no change
(d)truth is far from it (e) no change S6. Ans.(d)
Sol. 'predominantly dependent on' is the correct S3. Ans.(d)
choice. Agriculture depends on nature.
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(d)systematic planning in cultivation (a)profit of crops (e) no change (b)mercy of monsoons (c)help of landlords S10. Ans.(d)
(d)need of having facilities
Sol. Option D is the most appropriate option. (e) no change Q11. S7. Ans.(b)
(a)curtailing as the availability
Sol. 'mercy of monsoon' fits correctly. Option A,
(b)broadening because the approach
and B can be easily eliminated, as they give
(c)narrowing because the price
irrelevant meaning. Between B and C, Option B
(d)resulting in the occupation
is the correct choice. Option D is incorrect (e)no change
because as we read further, there is mention of
nature, which gives the confirmation that S11. Ans.(c)
option B is most appropriate.
Sol. Option C is coherent with respect to the
theme of the passage. Due to rise in agricultural Q8.
inputs, investments in agriculture, profit margin
(a)alternative irrigation facilities
of farmers in narrowing.
(b)alteration in the facility
(c)irrigation facility alteration Q12. (d)facility to alter
(a)far more easier to love a luxury life (e)no change
(b)difficult to make both ends meet
(c)annoying to control occupation S8. Ans.(a)
(d)convenient to increase output
Sol. choice An 'alternative irrigation facilities', is (e)no change
the correct choice. Other options are irrelevant
in the context of the paragraph. S12. Ans.(b)
Sol. Option B is the correct choice. To make Q9.
both ends meet means To earn enough income
(a)right of the farmers
to provide for basic needs.
(b)fortunes of the farmers
(c)decision of the farmers Q13.
(d)nature of the farmers
(a)through monetary relief (e)no change
(b)through retreating monsoons
(c)through deliberate meditation S9. Ans.(b)
(d)through NGOs, irrigation
Sol. Option B is the correct choice.failure of (e) no change
nature means problems such as delay in
monsoon etc affects the fortune of farmers. S13. Ans.(a)
Sol. Option A 'through monetary relief ' is the Q10.
correct choice.Option B is incorrect because
(a)intellectual cultivation
Monsoon is not a temporary measure. It is a
(b)thoughful cultivation
necessity. Option C and D are irrelevant. (c)true approach
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we laid the foundation for a faster rate of (a)ignoring the need
growth of the economy in the medium term?
(b)targeted at improving the entire structure
(c)depending upon the need of
In analysing the trends in the economy, we
(d)detecting the crisis engraved
continue to be thrown (3) by conflicting sets of (e)no change
data. National income data are available only
for the first quarter (April-June). These data S14. Ans.(b)
show that GDP grew by 7.1 per cent and that
Sol. The governmental effort should aim at
value added in manufacturing grew by 9.1 per
improving the condition of small farmers.
cent. However, according to the Index of
Hence, Option B is most appropriate.
Industrial Production (IIP) during this quarter,
manufacturing fell by 0.6 per cent. The Central Q15.
Statistics Office (CSO) now uses IIP data for
(a)raising the marginal cost of the inputs
measuring only a small segment (4) of
(b)giving them fertilizers at high cost
manufacturing. It uses the corporate data for (c)motivating NGOs
estimating 75 per cent of the manufacturing
(d)adopting drought affected villages
sector. While one cannot fault the CSO for the (e)no change
new methodology, it has to carefully cross
check the data it relies upon. Analysts need S15. Ans.(d)
some amount of confidence (5) from the CSO.
Sol. Option D is the correct choice. Options A
All the same, an attempt can be made to find
and B are incorrect because raising cost input
out whether the current year will be better than
cost will not do any good to farmers, and we
the last year by looking at the performance of
need a positive sentence here. Motivating NGOs different segments. also is irrelevant. 1. Convenient
Directions: In the passage given below words A. suitable
are given in bold, each followed by a number B. available
given in the brackets. Every word in bold has C. appropriate
five alternatives. Find the word which best D. Inadvertent
suits the place. If the given word does not suit
E. No replacement required
the blank, mark “no replacement required” as the answer. Explanation:
We are now in the middle of the fiscal 2016-17.
The given word is a misfit as the article ‘an’ has
The main monsoon is also over. This is
to be followed by a word that starts with a
an convenient (1) time to take a look at the
vowel sound. This eliminates option A and E.
economy and assess where we are headed. Two
important questions that spring up are: are
Out of the remaining choices, the most suitable
there green shoots which show a
word is “appropriate” which goes well with the
decisive upheaval (2) of the economy, and have context.
Clearly, option C is the correct answer.
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The word “segment” is appropriate in the B. Revival
context and needs no changes. C. Reconstruction 5. Confidence D. Increase A. supportive
E. No replacement required B. vow C. confession Explanation: D. reassurance
The word “upheaval” which means ‘a violent or
E. No replacement required
sudden change’ is not appropriate in the context. Explanation:
The word “supportive” is not suitable here as
The phrase “faster growth rate …” in the later
it’s an adjective and the word for the blank has
part of the sentence validates “revival” as the to be a noun.
best choice as the replacement of the given word.
Out of the rest of the choices neither “vow”
nor“confession” is fitting the blank
Option B is hence the correct answer. appropriately. 3. thrown Plagued
Clearly, the word “reassurance” is the most Infected
suitable word as the replacement for the word Fevered
“confidence” in the given context. Monitored
Option D is hence the correct answer.
No replacement required
In the passage given below there are 10
blanks, each followed by a word given in bold. Explanation:
Even blank has four alternative words given in
Here the word in the context of the passage has
options (A),(B),(C) and (D). You have to tell
to be the one that should suggest ‘continual
which word will best suit the respective blank.
trouble or distress’ and among the choices
Mark (E) as your answer if the work given in
available the word “plagued” replaces the word
bold after the blank is your answer i.e “No “thrown” best.
change required”.
COMPUTER security is a contradiction in terms.
Option A is hence the correct answer.
Consider the past year (1)_______[unaided] : 4. Segment
cyberthieves stole $81m from the central bank A. area
of Bangladesh; the $4.8bn takeover of Yahoo, B. target
an internet firm, by Verizon, a telecoms firm, C. need
was nearly derailed by two D. fraction
(2)______ [common] data breaches; and
E. No replacement required
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Russian hackers (3)________ [dominated] in
are compounded by the history of the internet,
the American presidential election.
in which security was an afterthought
Away from the headlines, a black market in 1. A) differently
computerised extortion, hacking-for-hire and B) alone
stolen digital goods is (4)______[departing]. C) vacant
The problem is about to get (5)_____ [better] . D) aside
Computers increasingly deal not just with E) No Change Required
abstract data like credit-card details and
databases, but also with the
(6)_____ [dynamic] world of physical objects Answer
and vulnerable human bodies. A modern car is a Option B
computer on wheels; an aeroplane is a
Explanation: alone
computer with wings. The arrival of the
“Internet of Things” will see computers baked 2. A) tiny
into everything from road signs and MRI B) loud
scanners to prosthetics and insulin pumps. C) enormous
There is little evidence that these gadgets will D) unnatural
be any more (7)_____ [trustworthy] than their E) No Change Required
desktop counterparts. Hackers have already
proved that they can take remote control of Answer
connected cars and pacemakers. Option C
It is tempting to believe that the security
Explanation: enormous
problem can be solved with yet more technical
wizardry and a call for heightened 3. A) interfered
(8)______ [leapfrog] . And it is certainly true B) prevented
that many firms still (9)_____ [charge] to take C) baffled
security seriously enough. That requires a kind D) opposed
of cultivated paranoia which does not come E) No Change Required
naturally to non-tech firms. Companies of all
stripes should (10)____ [envelope] initiatives
like “bug bounty” programmes, whereby firms Answer
reward ethical hackers for discovering flaws so Option A
that they can be fixed before they are taken
Explanation: interfered advantage of. 4. A) changing
But there is no way to make computers B) failing
completely safe. Software is hugely complex. C) oppressing
Across its products, Google must manage D) booming
around 2bn lines of source code—errors are E) No Change Required
inevitable. The average program has 14
separate vulnerabilities, each of them a
potential point of illicit entry. Such weaknesses Answer
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Explanation: booming
Explanation: vigilance 5. A) weak 9. A) deny B) worse B) appear C) precinct C) incite D) mischance D) fail E) No Change Required E) No Change Required Answer Answer Option B Option D
Explanation: worse
Explanation: fail 6. A) solid 10. A) embrace B) stable B) secure C) real C) grab D) sensible D) grip E) No Change Required E) No Change Required Answer Answer Option C Option A
Explanation: abstract and real
Explanation: embrace 7. A) damaging
D.1-10): In the following passage there are B) easy
words highlighted, each of which has been C) fast
numbered. These numbers are printed below D) convenient
the passage and against each, four words are E) No Change Required
suggested marked as (a), (b), (c) and (d) out of
which only one word fits in. If the given word
itself is appropriate mark your answer as (e). Answer Option E
G) Yoga has become the new quick fix for
Explanation: trustworthy
people with a host of (1) troubles. With its
growing popularity, comes a range of books 8. A) control
that teach yoga, ranging from a beginner’s B) despair
manual to (2) deprived Whether it is backache, C) vigilance
blood pressure, insomnia or difficult pregnancy, D) manque
the potential patient is (3) protected, “Why E) No Change Required
don’t you try yoga? However it requires regular
(read every day) practice. People may go to the
gym and workout every day but doing Answer
yogaasanassomehow seems to be difficult. But
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yoga involves more than just behaving like a 1)
professional contortionist. Bharat
Thakur’s Yoga For The Family: A Holistic a) constrains
Approach explains the approach in the first
chapter. Thakur, a new age yoga guru, points b) goodness
out that while yoga can be used to improve
physical well being, proper practice c) ailments
can (4) deepen one’s inner consciousness. The
book is divided into various sections — for the d) ability
body, for the mind, for couples, for pregnant
women, for the body … Apart from
e) No correction required.
photographs, each asana is accompanied
by (5)composite explanations of how to do it 2)
and the benefits it brings. Quite a few also have
cautionary notes. The photographs are clear a) erudite
and, in some cases, there are close up shots
to (6) illustrate clearly how the asana should be b) obscure
performed. There is also a section (7) zealous to
children with the benefits relating to growth c) sapient
and digestion. The last chapter Kayakalpa is d) arcane
meant for regeneration and rejuvenation. A 41-
day course, it has detailed instructions of do’s
e) No correction required.
and don’t’s. The benefits of regular practice of
yoga are well known. But the whole (8) cadre of 3)
self-help books on yoga raises some disturbing
questions. Is it wise to allow an inexperienced a) warned
person to practise asanas based on
photographs and some explanatory notes? A b) cautioned
first-timer may get hurt. To be fair, Thakur
has (9) cautionary notes against many — those c) imperil
with cervical spondylosis and vertigo cannot
do jalandhara bandha, those with weak knees d) advised
cannot do vrikshasana, those with high blood
pressure and a history of heart disease cannot
e) No correction is required.
practise surya namaskar or dhanurasana etc.
But what about people who do not know that 4)
they have problems? What about those who
develop problems after doing these exercises? a) obtuse
Also yoga asanas, if practised under the
guidance of a trained teacher, can b) awaken
be (10) diversified and adjusted to suit
individual needs. Isn’t that a better way of c) intense
learning than to try it on one’s own? d) profound
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e) No correction required. d) genre 5)
e) No correction required. a) nexus 9) b) aggregate a) misery c) lucid b) cutlery d) blend c) forgery
e) No correction required. d) promissory 6)
e) No correction required. a) reckon 10) b) represent a) corporate c) suspect b) counted d) projected c) modified
e) No correction required. d) narrowed 7)
e) No correction required. a) relieved Answer Key: b) tedious
1) c 2) a 3) d 4) b 5) c 6) e 7) c 8) d 9) e 10) c. c) devoted
D.1-10): In the following passage there are d) palliated
words highlighted, each of which has been
numbered. These numbers are printed below
e) No correction required.
the passage and against each, four words are
suggested marked as (a), (b), (c) and (d) out of 8)
which only one word fits in. If the given word
itself is appropriate mark your answer as (e). a) control
H) In our preoccupation with growth-rate b) stock
figures, surging stock-market indices, nuclear
might and the quest for a permanent Security c) division
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Council seat, we no longer ask what it is to be
Above all, freedom from mediocrity is still a
free. Is it because the idea of freedom is
distant dream. This manifests itself visibly in
elusively difficult to define? Has our
ugly buildings, inadequate civic infrastructure
preoccupation with the here and now made
and environmental degradation. Otherwise, the
us (1) pitch and limit the notion of freedom? Or
inability to produce original ideas and new
is it just a case of taking freedom for granted?
knowledge is the most obvious illustration of
Is it because we have begun to believe in the
this loss of freedom. Predictably, the ability to
propaganda of our own power and invincibility,
use technology someone else has created is
illustrated only a year ago in the (2)
often mistaken to be a sign of originality. In
shrillness of the “India Shining” propaganda?
routine ways, we are mostly happy
The answer to all these questions is a bit of all
to (10) reconcile for the second best or
these and much more. Whatever be the
intellectual handouts. The story of freedom in
definitional problems with freedom, it is
India is not, however, one of gloom and doom
possible to identify the (3) dependent freedoms alone.
India has lost and won in the past 58 years. The
most visible loss of liberty during this period is 1)
the lack of freedom from poverty. Poverty is
ugly and the most (4) portrayed form of a) launch
slavery. It dehumanises the spirit and shows
the (5) sufficiency of an entire people. Gandhi b) slash
said that he was working for
winning Swaraj (independence) “for those c) shrink
toiling and unemployed millions who do not get
even a square meal a day and have to scratch d) virgule
along with a piece of stale roti and a pinch of
salt.” In that sense, a very (6) paltry part of
e) No correction required.
India still lives in (7) uneven. Closely linked to
this is the lack of freedom from hatred, 2)
violence, bigotry and corruption. Communal
riots, sectarian violence and ubiquitous a) tartness
corruption have severely restricted the
freedoms a citizen enjoys. Parochialism and a b) apishness
limiting notion of nationalism have reduced c) piousness
considerably the amount of freedom a citizen
enjoys today, and to that extent, d) lowness
the (8) continuousness of unfreedom has been
on the rise. Inability to build institutions and
e) No correction required.
nurture them is the next roadblock in the path
of freedom. Consequently, freedom from 3)
arbitrariness still remains a distant dream. The
ordinary citizen is constantly a) enlistment
being (9) assailed by what Tagore called the
“insolent might” of the powerful. In large areas b) substantive
of public life, might seems to be the only right.
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e) No correction required. d) bondage 4)
e) No correction required. a) preached 8) b) depiction a) tumult c) grotesque b) discrete d) inculcated c) apparent
e) No correction required. d) quantum 5)
e) No correction required. a) inadequacy 9) b) peremptory a) violate c) pitiful b) forced d) imperious c) rebel
e) No correction required. d) acclaimed 6)
e) No correction required. a) secure 10) b) incorporeal a) settle c) fragile b) dreg d) substantial c) laud
e) No correction required. d) savage 7)
e) No correction required. a) mortgage
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or ICTs, can improve the lives of farmers and (6)
cramp micro-entrepreneurs. It can prevent AIDS
1) c 2) e 3) b 4) c 5) a 6) d 7) d 8) d 9) e 10) a.
and other communicable diseases, promote
women’s equality and foster environmental
D.1-10): In the following passage there are
protection. Indeed, all over the developing
words highlighted, each of which has been
world, electronic commerce, distance
numbered. These numbers are printed below
education, telemedicine and e-governance are
the passage and against each, four words are
already improving the quality of life for
suggested marked as (a), (b), (c) and (d) out of
countless people. But much more can be done if
which only one word fits in. If the given word
they are to fully deliver on their promise — and
itself is appropriate mark your answer as (e).
we must give serious thought to what and how.
At the first phase of the World Summit on the
I) When these words appear I shall just have
Information Society in Geneva in 2003, the
attended the World Summit on the Information
world promised to (7) begin a host of targets by
Society in Tunis, a serious attempt to (1)
2015 — linking, via technology, villages and
confrontedwith the challenges of our
communities, universities and primary and
information-technology-driven times — the
secondary schools, scientific and research
digital divide, the governance of the Internet,
centres, public libraries, cultural centres,
the hope that the new technologies can drive
museums, post offices and archives, health
development. But the information revolution,
centres and hospitals, and local and central
unlike the French Revolution, is at present one
government departments. Other targets include
with much liberty, some (2) sororityand no galit
improving the availability of information in all
(equality). It is yet to deliver the goods, or even
languages on the Internet, and (8) harming that
the tools to obtain them, to many of those most
everyone in the world has (9) egress to
in need. Today, the dividing lines between the
television and radio. But access to the Internet
rich and the poor, between the North and the
is of little value if the information that it
South, are the fibre-optic and high speed digital
contains is — almost exclusively — in a
lines. If “digital divide” is an over-used phrase, it
language you don’t understand, or if it fails to
represents a reality that cannot be (3)
deal with the life and death questions that
admitted. Fifteen per cent of the world’s
affect your society. The governments meeting in
population controls around 80 per cent of the
Geneva agreed “to encourage the development
world’s telephones and about 90 per cent of
of content and to put in place technical
access points to the Internet, and they are 13
conditions in order to (10) intermit the presence
times more likely to own personal computers
and use of all world languages on the Internet”.
than the rest. And the rest are the 85 per cent
of the world’s population living in low and 1)
lower-middle income countries. We must find
ways to ensure that a) retreat
the (4) measurably powerful tools that we
now (5) release, in the form of new information b) dodge
technologies, are used to guarantee, in the
words of the U.N. Charter, “better standards of c) grapple
life in larger freedom.” Greater access to
information and communication technologies, d) liberate
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e) No improvement required. c) devour 2) d) desecrate a) fraternity
e) No improvement required. b) vindicate 6) c) sanitize a) assist d) exculpate b) thwart
e) No improvement required. c) dodge 3) d) stymie a) conceded
e) No improvement required. b) affirmed 7) c) denied a) spend d) conceded b) commence
e) No improvement required. c) achieve d) retain 4)
e) No improvement required. a) meagrely 8) b) diminutively a) ensuring c) infantry b) repudiating d) enormously c) vetoing
e) No improvement required. d) contradicting 5)
e) No improvement required. a) deprive 9) b) possess a) aisle
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Sometimes we get the truth, sometimes we do
not. But the process of (2) abandonment is c) exodus
always humbling. You realise you possess so
much yet know so little compared to people d) access
who own nothing but possess such an
enormous treasure of wisdom. Mumbai’s other
e) No improvement required.
half — or more than half — are the poor who
live, or rather survive, on its pavements, 10)
swamps, the seaside, along railway tracks,
water pipelines and on every bit a) cease
of (3) barren The middle class, who would
rather live in a city without poor people, hate b) culminate
the urban poor. They make our cities dirty, they
breed, they fight, they are preventing the city c) facilitate
from becoming truly global, say these “building-
wallahs“. Plus, complain these well-heeled d) refrains
“citizens”, because the poor can vote,
politicians (4) ignore and (5)mulch them
e) No improvement required.
knowing that it is their vote that decides who is
elected. This is unfair, they argue.
“Disenfranchise them.” This is the new cry of Answer Key:
some middle class people in Mumbai. The poor
living in slums are “illegal” in that they
1) c 2) a 3) c 4) d 5) b 6) a 7) c 8) a 9) d 10) c.
are (6) touching on land not meant for that
purpose. So deny them the vote. This, they
D.1-10): In the following passage there are
believe, will solve the problem of slums because
words highlighted, each of which has been
politicians will pay no attention to the poor if
numbered. These numbers are printed below
they cannot vote and therefore will ensure that
the passage and against each, four words are
they are removed. Made to (7) materialize into
suggested marked as (a), (b), (c) and (d) out of
thin air. Half the people who hold up more than
which only one word fits in. If the given word
half the city with their labour should be asked
itself is appropriate mark your answer as (e).
to make way — for roads, shopping malls,
cinemas, apartment blocks for people who are
F) Elections give us journalists a chance to go
“legal”, who can pay for these facilities.
out and talk to ordinary people. We expect
Incredible as it might seem, one set of Indian
them, especially the poor, to tell us everything
citizens is actually (8) arguing that another
— where they are from, how much they earn,
should not be allowed to vote for no fault of
whether they are married, if not why not,
theirs except that they have no place to live and
whether they have children, how many, why so
are poor. And irrespective of the fact that every
many, why no children, what are their dreams
citizen of India is (9) eligible to vote. The people
and who they will vote for. We take it
our middle classes would like to disenfranchise
for (1) opted that questions we would refuse to
have names, histories and are probably
answer if a stranger asked us should be
more (10) ignored to a democratic system than
honestly addressed by those poorer than us.
people who can take their shelter for granted.
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e) No correction required. a) received 5) b) granted a) cultivate c) accepted b) cover d) requested c) moulded
e) No correction required. d) configure 2)
e) No correction required. a) engagement 6) b) contemporary a) squatting c) truce b) sedentary d) concord c) inactive
e) No correction required. d) digging 3)
e) No correction required. a) vacant 7) b) occupy a) descend c) desert b) vanish d) active c) appear
e) No correction required. d) emerge 4)
e) No correction required. a) threat 8) b) adorn a) acknowledging c) pamper b) praising d) affront c) developing
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carriage houses and built around
a (1) striped These rows usually ended in cul-de-
e) No correction required.
sacs and were located behind large London
homes in the 17th and 18th Centuries. Today, 9)
most of these mews have been converted into
much-sought-after high-end residences. Groom a) entitled
Place on Belgrave Square is
a (2) ordinary example of such fashionable b) lagged
residences in an upmarket London
neighbourhood. Belgrave Square is a c) versed
commanding 19th Century square that houses many High Commissions d) right
and (3) delegates today. David and Anabel Loyd
are a British couple who must really have been
e) No correction required.
Indian in a previous birth, as we gel so well
across the oceans. Our friendship was formed in 10)
what was then Bombay, where they lived
earlier, through a common bond of a) committed
doing (4) patient work for an NGO for street
children. Who would have thought that this b) spirited
British woman, eating on the floor along with
urchins (5) restored from VT station, shares c) honoured
a (6) lineage with the top end of London’s
society! As they headed off for a (7) research to d) devoted
Ladakh this week, we arranged to have their
home here in London; we didn’t realise it was
e) No correction required.
going to be such a treat as it is a Mews house.
What a unique home, a much-coveted dwelling, Answer Key:
springing up from a yesteryear tradition. I see
rows of chimney tops (a la Mary Poppins) from
1) b 2) a 3) a 4) c 5) a 6) a 7) b 8) e 9) a 10) a.
my window, the windowsill across mine is laced
with multi-hued flowers (8) hanging down
D.1-10): In the following passage there are
prettily and fashionably (neighbours nod
words highlighted, each of which has been
approval only if you maintain yours in full
numbered. These numbers are printed below
bloom). When we moved in, Anabel told us one
the passage and against each, four words are
unwritten rule was that the quiet and solitude
suggested marked as (a), (b), (c) and (d) out of
of Mews houses were not to be broken by noisy
which only one word fits in. If the given word
children. So we watched my nine-year-old niece
itself is appropriate mark your answer as (e).
and (9) believedher wise reading habit over
other, more boisterous pursuits. The Mews
F) I am writing this sitting in a Mews house in
house is thin and tall, a compact three storeys
London. Mews is the word for what was earlier
containing four bedrooms and baths; the
a row of stables with living quarters above
fittings are modern but the façade is quaint and
dated. The pretty courtyard in the centre and
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the windows in each room offering much cross b) regular
breeze for the English weather to
come (10) freezing in made this stay one of my c) volunteer
most memorable London experiences. d) invalid 1)
e) No improvement required. a) paved 5) b) bared a) prevent c) vanished b) intercept d) striated c) fend off
e) No improvement required. d) rescued 2)
e) No improvement required. a) prevalent 6) b) evince a) foliage c) fabulous b) sausage d) wonted c) envisage
e) No improvement required. d) postage 3)
e) No improvement required. a) groups 7) b) Legation a) hurl c) deputation b) trek d) embassies c) outing
e) No improvement required. d) jaunt 4)
e) No improvement required. a) formal 8)
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which only one word fits in. If the given word
itself is appropriate mark your answer as (e). b) flourishing
E) Keys have been around for a long time. The c) blooming
earliest, made from wood, date back 4,000
years, to the ancient Egyptians. The Romans d) falling
improved them a bit by making them from
metal. But there, more or less, they
e) No improvement required.
have (1)promoted. Electronic card-keys aside, a
key is still, basically, a piece of metal sporting a 9)
series of grooves, teeth and indentations which,
when (2) fixed into a keyway, line up to move a) encouraged
pins and levers to lock or unlock a mechanism. Such keys are made b) hindered
with (3) conventional manufacturing
techniques, such as cutting and stamping. But c) averted
now there is a new way, in the form of 3D
printing, to craft metal objects. And keys are d) deterred
about to (4) resisting to it, to the great benefit
of key holders. 3D printer works by melting
e) No improvement required.
together layers of material that are added
successively to the object being created. It can 10)
thus make something from the inside out, as it
were, by printing (5)perplex internal features a) blowing
and then covering them with a solid layer.
Features shielded from view are extremely b) flowing
difficult to copy, let alone reproduce using
normal machine tools. What better way c) sleeking
to (6) decimate the key, (7)portrayed Alejandro d) blasting
Ojeda, a mechanical engineer who at the time
was studying at the Swiss Federal Institute of
e) No improvement required.
Technology, in Zurich, than to 3D-print it in this
way. What (8) contrite his interest is how
simple it is to copy most keys: a few minutes at Answer Key:
a local key shop will usually suffice. And copying
is getting easier. It is now possible to take a
1) a 2) c 3) d 4) c 5) d 6) e 7) b 8) e 9) a 10) a.
picture of a key with a smartphone and turn the
image into a computer file that can be used to
D.1-10): In the following passage there are
make a (9)apparent with the aid of a cheap,
words highlighted, each of which has been
hobbyist 3D printer. The resulting duplicate will
numbered. These numbers are printed below
probably be printed in plastic, and thus lack
the passage and against each, four words are
durability. But it is likely to be good enough to
suggested marked as (a), (b), (c) and (d) out of
work at least once—and once might be enough.
Dr Ojeda’s answer is the Stealth Key (pictured).
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This is printed in titanium, one of the toughest d) shrewd
of metals. Its teeth are hidden under a pair of
narrow ledges, making it unscannable. But
e) No correction required.
when inserted into the lock the teeth can
operate the mechanism.To bring the Stealth Key 4)
to market, Dr Ojeda teamed up with Felix
Reinert, an expert on 3D-printing metal, to a) conquering
found a firm called Urban Alps. Jiri Holda, a lock
designer, joined them to help (10) construct a b) withstand
key making process that employs an industrial
3D-printing system called selective laser melting c) succumb (SLM). d) Quelling 1)
e) No correction required. a) stayed 5) b) pierced a) straight c) penetrated b) candid d) advanced c) forthright
e) No correction required. d) intricate 2)
e) No correction required. a) stabbed 6) b) pervaded a) replicate c) inserted b) annihilate d) hold c) reinvent
e) No correction required. d) infuriate 3)
e) No correction required. a) sensible 7) b) astute a) relayed c) rational b) banished
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1) a 2) c 3) e 4) c 5) d 6) c 7) c 8) b 9) d 10) c. d) dislodged
D.1-10): In the following passage there are
words highlighted, each of which has been
e) No correction required.
numbered. These numbers are printed below
the passage and against each, four words are 8)
suggested marked as (a), (b), (c) and (d) out of
which only one word fits in. If the given word a) repressed
itself is appropriate mark your answer as (e). b) prompted
D) The last time China considered itself as
powerful as it does today, Abraham Lincoln was c) deterred
in the White House. At that time, and against
the (1)peeling evidence of d) restrained
Western (2)imperialism, the emperor
still (3)bounce to the age-old belief that China
e) No correction required.
ruled all under heaven, a world order unto
itself. It never had allies in the Western sense, 9)
just nations that paid tribute to it in exchange
for trade. Both China and “the outside a) primitive
countries”, he wrote to Lincoln, constitute “one
family, without any distinction”. Today, after a b) indigenous
century and a half that (4)embraced Western
imperial occupation, republican (5)turmoil, the c) veritable
plunder of warlords, Japanese invasion, civil
war, revolutionary upheaval and, more recently, d) replica
phenomenal economic growth, China has
resumed its own sense of being a great power.
e) No correction required.
It has done so in a very different world: one led
by America. For three-quarters of a century, 10)
America has been the hegemon in East Asia, a) evolve
China’s historical backyard. But now China is
indisputably back. New towers have b) pioneer
transformed the skylines of even its farthest-
flung cities. An ultra-modern network of bullet c) devise
trains has, in a few short years, (6)confront a
continent-sized country. China’s new power d) hatch
rests on a 20-fold increase in economic output
since the late 1970s, when (7)theoretic leaders
e) No correction required.
set in train market-led reforms. Over the same
period the number of Chinese people living in
extreme poverty, as defined by the World Bank, Answer Key
has fallen to 80m, a tenth of what it used to be.
China is the world’s biggest trading nation and
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its second-biggest economy after America. d) stealing
There is hardly a country in the world to which
it does not matter, either as a source of
e) No correction required.
consumer goods or as a destination for
commodities, capital goods and investment. On 2)
all these counts, China wants—and deserves—a
greater role in East Asia and in the global order. a) depredations
America has to make room for it. But the task
will require wisdom and a (8)wider balance of b) salvation
firmness and finesse on both sides. A
first (9)indication of what to expect was on c) disturbance
display at a summit between Xi Jinping and
Donald Trump on April 6th and 7th at Mar-a- d) construction
Lago, the American president’s Florida golfing
resort. Though little of substance was discussed,
e) No correction required.
Mr Trump hailed the bilateral relationship as
“outstanding” and Mr Xi declared there were “a 3)
thousand reasons to get the China-US
relationship right”. Neither mentioned the a) released
cruise-missile strike America had just launched b) clung
against a Syrian air base. Nor was there any
talk of imminently imposing tariffs. For all the c) discard
superficial bonhomie at the summit, the two
countries see things very differently. China’s d) detached
system of politics, both bureaucratic and
authoritarian, has helped economic
e) No correction required.
development at home, but is alien to American
notions of democracy. American policymakers 4)
have traditionally seen liberal democratic
values and an (10)trivial on human rights as a) excluded
factors that legitimise and strengthen the international order. b) apprehended c) encompassed d) annulled 1)
e) No correction required. a) rushing 5) b) mounting a) destroyer c) compelling b) convivial
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e) No correction required. d) deficient 6)
e) No correction required. a) tackled 10) b) confront a) elocution c) shrunk b) accent d) harassed c) emphasis
e) No correction required. d) declamation 7)
e) No correction required. a) quixotic Answer Key b) idealistic
1) b 2) a 3) b 4) c 5) e 6) c 7) c 8) a 9) e 10) c. c) pragmatic
D.1-10): In the following passage there are d) sensible
words highlighted, each of which has been
numbered. These numbers are printed below
e) No correction required.
the passage and against each, four words are
suggested marked as (a), (b), (c) and (d) out of 8)
which only one word fits in. If the given word
itself is appropriate mark your answer as (e). a) subtle
B) “The default (1)intimation is that everything b) constrict
is vulnerable,” says Robert Watson, a computer
scientist at the University of Cambridge. The c) tight
reasons for this run deep. The vulnerabilities of
computers stem from the basics of information d) attenuated
technology, the culture of software
development, the breakneck (2)stay of online
e) No correction required. business growth, the
economic (3)constrains faced by computer 9)
firms and the divided interests of governments.
The rising damage caused by a) meagre
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computer (4)stability is, however, beginning to 1)
spur companies, academics and governments
into action. Modern computer chips are a) predilection
typically designed by one company,
manufactured by another and b) assumption
then (5)placed on circuit boards built by third
parties next to other chips from yet more firms. c) appropriate
A further firm writes the lowest-level software
necessary for the computer to function at all. d) requisition
The operating system that lets the machine run
particular programs comes from someone else.
e) No correction required.
The programs themselves from someone else
again. A mistake at any stage, or in the links 2)
between any two stages, can leave the entire
system faulty—or vulnerable to attack. It is not a) shuffle
always easy to tell the difference. Peter Singer,
a fellow at New America, a think-tank, tells the b) hobble
story of a manufacturing defect discovered in
2011 in some of the transistors which made up c) pace
a chip used on American naval helicopters. Had d) queue
the bug gone (6)unspotted, it would have
stopped those helicopters firing their missiles.
e) No correction required.
The chips in question were, like most chips,
made in China. The navy eventually concluded 3)
that the defect had been an accident, but not
without giving serious thought to the idea it a) incentives
had been (7)indecorous. Most hackers lack the
resources to mess around with chip design and b) dampers
manufacture. But they do not need them.
Software offers opportunities c) restrains
for (8)subversion in (9)dearth. In 2015 Rachel
Potvin, an engineer at Google, said that the d) deterrents
company as a whole managed around 2bn lines
of code across its various products. Those
e) No correction required.
programs, in turn, must run on operating
systems that are themselves ever more 4)
complicated. Linux, a widely used operating
system, (10)checked in at 20.3m lines in 2015. a) peril
The latest version of Microsoft’s Windows
operating system is thought to be around 50m b) insecurity
lines long. Android, the most popular
smartphone operating system, is 12m. c) dysfunction d) jeopardy
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e) No correction required. d) subterfuge 5)
e) No correction required. a) moulded 9) b) configure a) destitution c) mounted b) paucity d) framed c) crumb
e) No correction required. d) profusion 6)
e) No correction required. a) resistant 10) b) spouted a) amplified c) resilient b) clocked d) dogged c) accelerated
e) No correction required. d) oscillated 7)
e) No correction required. a) chaste Answer Key: b) deliberate
1) b 2) c 3) a 4) b 5) c 6) e 7) b 8) e 9) d 10) b. c) immodest
D.1-10): In the following passage there are d) cluttered
words highlighted, each of which has been
numbered. These numbers are printed below
e) No correction required.
the passage and against each, four words are
suggested marked as (a), (b), (c) and (d) out of 8)
which only one word fits in. If the given word
itself is appropriate mark your answer as (e). a) subsumed
C) As Hackers wreak havoc with depressing b) subordinate
regularity, the insurance industry finds itself
forced to (1)concede a whole new set of risks. c) subtle
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They range from the theft of millions of credit-
or commercial-property insurance. Often, such
card numbers from American retailers to the
policies, though not designed with cyber-risks in
disabling of the power (2)factor, as happened in
mind, do not specifically exclude them either. In
Ukraine last December. The dedicated “cyber-
some cases the difference may be minor;
insurance” policies that companies offer against
a (7)hacker who enters a house by hacking a
data breaches have become relatively routine.
“smart” lock will not necessarily steal more
But the risks they insure under other policies are
than one who breaks a window. But cases such
also affected by cyber-risks—and they are still
as the massive damage caused to a steelworks
struggling to understand this so-called “silent”
in Germany in 2014 by hackers
cyber-exposure. Insurance that protects firms
who (8)arrayed with a blast furnace, or the
who suffer data breaches has been on offer for
hacking of the Ukrainian power grid (blamed by
around 15 years. It is much harder to put a
many on Russia), give insurers pause. They have
precise value on, for example, stolen health
added (9)urgency to efforts to understand,
records than on a property or car. Insurers
measure and (10)discardtheir exposures to
sidestep the problem by covering only the direct these new threats.
costs that a company incurs from a hack.
Typically, these include hiring a specialised
forensics firm to work out exactly what was
stolen, (3)publishing affected customers (which 1)
47 American states currently require), short-
term business interruption and fines. The a) havoc
industry will be shaken up by new EU data-
protection rules, which come into force in 2018 b) grant
and will impose (4)stricter notification
requirements and stiffer fines for data breaches c) confess
than firms have so far faced in America. Partly
because of this, the market for cyber-insurance, d) contemplate
which represented only $2.5bn in global
premium revenue in 2014 (90% of which came
e) No correction required.
from American companies), is expected to
treble by 2020, according to PwC, a 2)
consultancy. That would still leave it tiny in
comparison with, say, the $670bn global motor- a) device
insurance market. Data breaches are, however, b) view for the most part a
manageable (5)convenience rather than a c) grid
disaster. Despite the hundreds that take place
annually, only 90 since 2010 have been d) saw
reported by American companies to regulators
as having had a “material” impact on their
e) No correction required.
business. The bigger concern is the “silent”
exposure: cyber-attacks that cause physical 3)
damage or bodily injury and can end
up (6)sedative other policies, such as life, home
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e) No correction required. d) cyber 4)
e) No correction required. a) moderate 8) b) imprecise a) outfitted c) sweeper b) stocked d) lenient c) equipped
e) No correction required. d) messed 5)
e) No correction required. a) commiseration 9) b) solace a) reference c) nuisance b) value d) grief c) work
e) No correction required. d) benefit 6)
e) No correction required. a) soothing 10) b) calmative a) incorporate c) downer b) calibrate d) triggering c) enumerate
e) No correction required. d) count
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e) No correction required.
employees who are 57 percent more effective
and 87 percent less likely to (6) (leave). Answer Key
During the recent economic downturn, many
senior leaders did not consider employee
1) d 2) c 3) a 4) e 5) c 6) d 7) b 8) d 9) e 10) b.
engagement to be a (7) (damage) , perhaps
understandably so—they had other short-term
In the passage given below there are 10
imperatives to focus on, like staying in business.
blanks, each followed by a word given in bold.
However, a 2012 survey by the employee
Even blank has four alternative words given in
retention firm Talent Keepers indicates that
options (A),(B),(C) and (D). You have to tell
employee engagement is making its way back
which word will best suit the respective blank.
onto strategic priority agendas. The survey of
Mark (E) as your answer if the work given in
U.S. executives representing 430 organizations
bold after the blank is your answer i.e “No
found that 81 percent of the senior leaders
change required”.
surveyed wanted to improve performance and
profitability by making employee engagement
Clear and mounting (1) (generation) continues
a (8) (strategic) priority. The renewed interest to link employee engagement to an
in improving employee engagement in
organization’s bottom line. An AON Hewitt
organizations has originated from actions
study linked employee engagement to an
executives took during the recession. Sixty-one
organization’s (2) (rival) growth, finding that
percent of the senior executives responding to
organizations that had actively managed
the Talent Keepers survey said they had taken
employee engagement (3) (excessive) to their
the opportunity to hire better-skilled employees
peers during the recent economic downturn
from the larger talent pool available during the
were now seeing “dramatic, positive impacts to
recession and were now worried that these
their revenue growth.” The Gallup study employees may leave when the found (4)
different results, noting that
economy (9) (deteriorate) . If this is the case,
organizations with high employee engagement
business leaders will expect HR and talent
seemed to have recovered from the recession at management professionals to not a faster rate.
only (10) (partner) engagement levels, but to
take proactive steps to improve employee
A McLean & Company study yielded similar
engagement in their organizations.
results, (5) (terminating) that organizations
with highly-engaged employees had an average 1. A) evidence
three-year revenue growth of 20.1 percent, B) burden
versus the average 8.9 percent revenue growth C) damage
rate, and had employees who were three times D) prediction
more likely to be top performers. Other studies E) No Change Required
have found that when organizations have
engaged workers, they are 18 percent more Answer
productive than their competitors, 12 percent Option A
more profitable, have 22 percent higher-than-
Explanation: evidence
average shareholder returns, and have
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Explanation: leave Option C 7. A) moment
Explanation: competitive B) priority C) stress 3. A) focused D) start B) relative E) No Change Required C) boycotting D) damaging Answer E) No Change Required Option B Answer
Explanation: priority Option B 8. A) trivial
Explanation: relative B) clever C) civil 4. A) opposite D) bonus B) challenging E) No Change Required C) similar D) dangling Answer E) No Change Required Option E Answer
Explanation: strategic Option C 9. A) worsens
Explanation: similar B) arrives C) amends 5. A) concluding D) recovers B) assuming E) No Change Required C) mulling D) limiting Answer E) No Change Required Option D Answer
Explanation: recovers Option A 10. A) inculcate
Explanation: concluding B) damage C) monitor 6. A) stay D) predict B) work. E) No Change Required C) permit Answer
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Explanation: monitor
Explanation: constitute
In the passage given below there are 5 blanks, 2. A) function
each followed by a word given in bold. Even B) exercise
blank has four alternative words given in C) create
options (A),(B),(C) and (D). You have to tell D) entertain
which word will best suit the respective blank. E) No Change Required
Mark (E) as your answer if the work given in
bold after the blank is your answer i.e “No Answer
change required”. Option A Explanation: function
OF ALL the goods and services traded in the
market economy, pharmaceuticals are perhaps 3. A) gross
the most contentious. Though produced by B) benefit
private companies, they (1) (destroy) a public C) weight
good, both because they can prevent epidemics D) twist
and because healthy people (2) (target) better E) No Change Required
as members of society than sick ones do. They
carry a moral (3) (burden) that most privately Answer
traded goods do not, for there is a widespread Option C
belief that people have a right to health care
Explanation: weight – attribute
that they do not have to smartphones or
importance or value to.
trainers. Innovation (4) (accounts) for most of
the cost of production, so the price of drugs is 4. A) wonders
much higher than their cost of manufacture, B) regards
making them unaffordable to many poor C) replies
people. Firms protect the intellectual property D) services
(IP) that drugs represent and (5) (offer) those E) No Change Required
who try to manufacture and sell patented drugs
cheaply. For all these reasons, pharmaceutical Answer
companies are widely regarded as vampires Option E
who exploit the sick and ignore the sufferings of
Explanation: accounts the poor. 5. A) award B) sue C) implore 1. A) base D) urge B) differentiate E) No Change Required C) constitute D) select Answer E) No Change Required Option B Answer
Explanation: sue – institute legal
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proceedings against (a person or Option A
institution), typically for redress.
Explanation: sour – make or become unpleasant, or difficult.
In the passage given below there are 5 blanks,
each followed by a word given in bold. Even 7. A) paused
blank has four alternative words given in B) deprived
options (A),(B),(C) and (D). You have to tell C) snoozed
which word will best suit the respective blank. D) maintained
Mark (E) as your answer if the work given in E) No Change Required
bold after the blank is your answer i.e “No change required”. Answer Option C
FOR years Sleep HealthCenters, an American
Explanation: snoozed – sleep
company that ran clinics at which people with
sleep disorders could stay overnight to have 8. A) grew
their ailments diagnosed, grew nicely and B) lasted
steadily. But in 2012 its dream business C) veined
turned (6) (sharp)as folk began using cheap, D) busted
wearable devices that let experts monitor them E) No Change Required
while they (7) (diagnosed) in the comfort of
their homes. Sleep HealthCenters closed some Answer
of its facilities as its revenue fell, but its fortunes Option E
faded rapidly and the following year
Explanation: throw in a towel- to admit
it (8) (threw) in the towel. defeat or failure
Like Sleep HealthCenters’ bosses, plenty of 9. A) burdened
other executives have had nightmares as B) invigorated competitors wielding new technologies C) sapped
have (9) (intensified) their firms’ profits. D) justified
Makers of portable GPS navigation systems, for E) No Change Required
instance, saw sales (10) (glorified) after Google
launched a free, turn-by-turn navigation service Answer
in its Google Maps smartphone app. And music Option C
companies saw their margins shrink after Apple
Explanation: sapped – gradually weaken or
launched its iTunes digital-music service. destroy 6. A) sour 10. A) ascend B) turned B) rocket C) cordial C) sparkle D) divided D) plummet E) No Change Required E) No Change Required Answer Answer
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India’s press told of heroism and generosity, but
Explanation: plummet- fall or drop
also of greed and incompetence. In April the
Comptroller and Auditor General had warned
In the passage given below there are 10
parliament that the work of the National
blanks, each followed by a word given in bold.
Disaster Management Authority was abysmal.
Even blank has four alternative words given in
It has indeed proved to be the ineffectual
options (A),(B),(C) and (D). You have to tell
retirement home for ex-civil servants its critics
which word will best suit the respective blank.
suspected. Other humanitarian groups were
Mark (E) as your answer if the work given in
also slow-footed. On June 26th the Red Cross
bold after the blank is your answer i.e “No
Society said it had sent tents, buckets and
change required”.
kitchen items worth only 22m rupees ($360,000).
FLOODS in northern India, mostly in the small
state of Uttarakhand, have
Politicians have fumbled, caught between
(1)______ [impact] disaster on an enormous
(9)______ [habbit] of neglecting the horror and
scale. The early, intense onset of the monsoon
exploiting it. Narendra Modi, the ambitious
on June 14th swelled rivers, washing away
chief minister of the state of Gujarat, rushed to
roads, bridges, hotels and even whole villages.
Uttarakhand to oversee the rescue of pilgrims
Rock-filled torrents (2)______ [hurted] vehicles
from his state. The press mocked his “Rambo
and homes, burying victims under rubble and
act”. Even Shiv Sena, a Hindu-nationalist group
sludge. Despite some warnings of the rains to
usually sympathetic to him,
come, around 100,000 people were trapped by
(10)_______ [shouted] that it was wrong for an
them. At least 1,000 have died. Many more are
aspiring prime minister to have singled out
missing. The final death (3)______ [cost] may Gujaratis for help.
never be known, and stretch into many thousands. 1. A) finished B) exhausted
At this time of year, (4)______ [list] of pilgrims C) wrought
and tourists join the local population in the D) declined
Himalayan foothills, giving this (5)_____[task] a E) No change required
national dimension. Worst-hit was a small,
high-altitude town, Kedarnath, the site of a
Hindu temple near the source of the Ganges, Answer
where hundreds of bodies, mostly those of Option C
pilgrims, were found. Many who
Explanation: wrought – used as past tense
(6)______ [existed]the initial flooding sat
of wreak (cause a large amount of
exposed and hungry for over a week awaiting damage or harm)
rescue by the army, whose efforts were
hampered by continuing bad weather. The air 2. A) flinched
force dropped logs to build pyres for mass B) smashed
(7)_______ [cremations] . C) demolish D) broken
On June 25th a rescue helicopter E) No change required
(8)______ [reached] near the town with 20
people on board, all now either dead or missing.
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Explanation: pyres – a heap of combustible Option C
material, especially one for burning a 4. A) display
corpse as part of a funeral ceremony. So B) body Cremations is correct. C) accumulation 8. A) crashed D) throngs B) suffocated E) No change required C) flushed D) pinged Answer E) No change required Option D
Explanation: throng – a large, densely Answer packed crowd of people Option A 5. A) calamity
Explanation: As the next statement is that B) feature
people went missing or were dead. So C) weather crash is suitable. D) imprint 9. A) appraisal E) No change required B) defame C) disfavor Answer D) accusations E) No change required Option A 6. A) suffocated Answer B) denied C) adversed Option D D) survived E) No change required 10. A) immitated B) growled Answer C) focussed D) perceived
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(5)_____ [regulate] facilities for exchange of
soiled and mutilated notes. Answer 1. A) interpreted B) analysed Option B C) clarified
In the passage given below there are 5 blanks, D) obscured
each followed by a word given in bold. Even E) No change required
blank has four alternative words given in
options (A),(B),(C) and (D). You have to tell Answer
which word will best suit the respective blank.
Mark (E) as your answer if the work given in Option C
bold after the blank is your answer i.e “No change required”. 2. A) demanding B) engrossing
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has C) ravishing
(1)_____ [issued] that currency notes with D) appealing
scribbles are legal tender. “There is no RBI E) No change required
instruction to anyone not to accept any
currency note with scribbling on it even though
we do, from time to time, keep Answer
(2)______ [intriguing] to people not to Option D
write/staple/fold currency notes as these things
lessen the life of currency notes,” the central 3. A) peculiarity
bank said in an email to the press. B) exceptions C) immunity
While scribbled-on notes continue to be legal D) relaxations
tender, there are (3)_______ [admittance] . E) No change required
According to a July 2013 RBI notification, any
note with slogans and messages of a political
nature cease to be legal tender. So Answer
(4)______ [reject] from pouring your heart out Option B on currency notes. 4. A) decline
In 2014 too, the RBI had issued circular asking B) refrain
people not to heed rumours and to go on using C) give up
the scribbled notes. Banks including State Bank D) close
of India, Kotak Mahindra Bank Ltd, HDFC Bank E) No change required
Ltd and Axis Bank Ltd did not respond to a
query on whether they are accepting notes with handwriting on them. Answer
RBI had introduced the clean note policy in Option B
1999, periodically urges people to not write on
the notes. Banks are instructed to
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In the passage given below there are 5 blanks, E) No change required
each followed by a word given in bold. Even
blank has four alternative words given in
options (A),(B),(C) and (D). You have to tell Answer
which word will best suit the respective blank. Option B
Mark (E) as your answer if the work given in
bold after the blank is your answer i.e “No 8. A) span
change required”. B) spread C) interval
With 2015 designated the Year of Development, D) meddle
the international community E) No change required
(6)______ [challenged] on building a global
partnership to enable low-income developing
countries to lay the foundations for inclusive Answer
and sustainable growth in the coming decades. Option A
At the (7)_____ [origin] of the effort are the
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)—a set 9. A) collected
of targets adopted by the United Nations (UN) B) gathered
in September 2015 that (8)______ [credit] a C) disjoined
range of economic, social, and environmental D) centered
goals. The SDGs replace the Millennium E) No change required
Development Goals, a set of targets for the
period 2000–15 that (9)_______ [attracted] on
halving global poverty and improving Answer
development indicators related to health and Option D
education. The challenge for donor countries
and international financial institutions is to 10. A) hope
make the accomplishment of these goals a B) change
(10)______ [reality] . C) dream D) challenge 6. A) proposed E) No change required B) scattered C) focused D) wrapped Answer
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In the passage given below there are 5 blanks,
each followed by a word given in bold. Even Answer
blank has four alternative words given in Option C
options (A),(B),(C) and (D). You have to tell
which word will best suit the respective blank. 2. A) prominence
Mark (E) as your answer if the work given in B) recognize
bold after the blank is your answer i.e “No C) sagging
change required”. D) accuracy E) No change required
We live in a digital economy: a virtual environment that has
(1)_______ [simplified] the rules of doing Answer
business and made disruption the norm. It has
put customers, not companies, in charge. And it Option A
has transformed workforce dynamics as the
Explanation: prominence- the state of
“born digital” millennials come to
being important, famous, or noticeable.
(2)_____ [obscure] in the workplace. 3. A) chat B) retain
This age is ripe with opportunity. Organizations C) assign
can now (3)______ [engage] with customers D) deadlock
and employees like never before, and the virtual E) No change required
environment holds the potential to drive
operational efficiencies, save time and money,
and open the (4)_____ [probe] of new Answer
commercial avenues. When it’s far cheaper to
build an app than a manufacturing plant, there Option E
are greater returns to be gained for significantly 4. A) ignorance lower investment. B) exploration
Gartner predicts 41 percent of enterprise C) audit
revenue will come from digital business by D) interpretation
2020—almost double what the percentage was E) No change required
in 2015 (Gartner, 2016). For the Googles, Ubers,
and Facebooks of the world, facing these Answer
challenges and realizing and exploiting these
opportunities are (5)_____ [frequent] nature. Option B
But for traditional firms, they’re a whole new world. 5. A) justified B) unjust 1. A) broken C) second B) unified D) unadopted C) changed E) No change required D) separated
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Explanation: second nature- a tendency or D) interrupt
habit that has become characteristic or E) No change required instinctive
In the passage given below there are 5 blanks, Answer
each followed by a word given in bold. Even
blank has four alternative words given in Option D
options (A),(B),(C) and (D). You have to tell
which word will best suit the respective blank. 7. A) inexact
Mark (E) as your answer if the work given in B) correct
bold after the blank is your answer i.e “No C) unflaw
change required”. D) justify E) No change required
Team dynamics can make or break a meeting.
Have you ever been in a meeting where people Answer
(6)_____ [suspend] each other, introduce new
ideas when they should be building on the Option B
conversation, and repeat someone else’s point
just to be heard? These communication issues 8. A) vigorous
waste time and energy, and usually lead to B) productive more meetings to C) solvent
(7)_____ [factual]misunderstandings, reiterate D) adapted
decisions, or soothe hurt feelings and interoffice E) No change required tensions. Answer
But there is one thing you can do that can make
a significant difference to improving the quality Option B
of time you spend in meetings: Listen. By
improving the way you listen and understand 9. A) rebuttals
others in meetings, you can make that time B) defense
more (8)______ [concentrated] by reducing C) redeem
repetition and misunderstandings. D) impel E) No change required
If simply listening can solve so many problems,
why is it so hard to practice? One reason is
we’re listening to interrupt with our ideas or Answer
(9)_______ [focus] . We listen so we can jump Option A
in with our (10)_____ [dominance] . Or we’re
Explanation: rebuttals – act of proving that
worried we’ll forget what we want to say if we
something is wrong or false
listen for too long. We focus on our own
communication, rather than listening to 10. A) tracing understand others. B) scope
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at AIMA. This is partly (6)_____ [as per] strong D) boundary
competition for relatively few positions, but also E) No change required
a (7)______ [disconnect] between educational
and employer requirements. Answer
Such problems have the potential to
(8)______ [prevent] a country that will need Option C
ever-more good-quality managers. So as 2015
In the passage given below there are 5 blanks,
turned into 2016, AIMA published a strategy
each followed by a word given in bold. Even
paper, seven months in the making, from a
blank has four alternative words given in
committee tasked with finding a way to
options (A),(B),(C) and (D). You have to tell
improve management education in the country.
which word will best suit the respective blank.
The goal is bold: “By 2025 *the+ Indian
Mark (E) as your answer if the work given in
management education system should clearly
bold after the blank is your answer i.e “No
emerge as the second best in the world, second
change required”.
only to that of *the+ USA.”
AS WELL as being the world’s second-most
AIMA suggests (9)______ [abase] pillars that
populous country, India is the world’s largest
have propped up business education in India for
provider of management education. But that
years. Standardised curriculums have been
scale (1)______ [concur] problems. A number of
commonplace, says Dr Saxena. However, there
business schools offer substandard education,
is a vast gap between India’s best business
as Which MBA? has previously investigated,
schools (Ahmedabad’s Indian Institute of
and smaller institutions struggle to stay
Management (IIM-A) tops The Economist’s
(2)_______ [calm] . A quarter of business
global ranking of business schools’ when it
schools in India take in (3)_____ [lesser] than
comes to opening new career opportunities)
60 candidates in each annual cohort, a class
and its more mundane colleges. Yet they both
size that AIMA, the All-India Management
teach the same theory and techniques. That is
Association, a national management-education
wrong-headed. An MBA graduating from a
industry body, calls “abysmally low”.
business school in Kapurthala (population:
99,000) is much less likely to reach the board of
Whether in a well-attended programme or not,
a multinational firm than one coming out of a
the employment (4)_______ [substance] for
management institute in Mumbai (population:
Indian business students have also dropped,
12m). The skills needed to
according to AIMA. The cost of courses has
(10)______ [overpower] a smaller company—in
increased—even in the lowest-quality schools—
Indian heavy industry, for example—are
while the salary graduates can
different to global corporations.
(5)______ [calculate] to earn is falling. “There a
lot of people graduating from business schools 1. A) magnifies
who don’t get jobs in metro cities or big B) belies
corporations,” says Rajan Saxena, the vice C) blister
chancellor of the Narsee Monjee Institute of D) writhe
Management Studies, a private university in E) No Change Required
Mumbai, and chairman of the board of studies
Daily Visit : | GovernmentAdda.com (A Complete Hub for Government Exams Preparation) 68
Like Us : Facebook.com/GovernmentAdda Join Us: Telegram.me/GovtAdda Answer 5. A) sense B) expect Option B C) disregard
Explanation: belies- fail to give a true D) deduce
impression of (something). E) No Change Required
It means that the data that India is the
world’s largest provider of management
education hides the problems that Answer
management education is facing in the country. Option B Explanation: expect 2. A) loose B) flooded 6. A) structured to C) afloat B) reasonable to D) charged C) down to E) No Change Required D) same as E) No Change Required Answer Answer Option C
Explanation: afloat- out of difficulty Option C
Explanation: be down to- Be attributable 3. A) fewer
to (a particular factor or circumstance) B) few
It means that the low salary that the C) slight
management pass outs are getting is due D) slender
to the factor that the job positions are very E) No Change Required
few and hence not everyone can get that high salary job. Answer 7. A) dispute B) link Option A C) putrefy
Explanation: fewer for countable things D) rummage 4. A) awaiting E) No Change Required B) emptor C) prospects Answer D) view E) No Change Required Option E
Explanation: disconnect- Answer 8. A) precede B) cover up Option C C) curb
Explanation: prospects- the possibility or D) hold back
likelihood of some future event occurring
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Like Us : Facebook.com/GovernmentAdda Join Us: Telegram.me/GovtAdda E) No Change Required Answer Option A Answer
Explanation: tearing down – To demolish: Option D 10. A) shaft
Explanation: hold back- to restrain B) handle someone C) release D) exercise 9. A) tearing down E) No Change Required B) dishonor C) dispatch D) impair Answer E) No Change Required Option B Explanation: handle
Daily Visit : | GovernmentAdda.com (A Complete Hub for Government Exams Preparation) 70 GovernmentAdda.com CLOZE TEST Go with Frequently Used Words
Sometimes, you may not be able to decide between two INTRODUCTION
words. In this case, if you see a word in the options that is
A Cloze reading test is an exercise where the candidates
frequently used with the words around the blank, then
are provided with a passage which has certain words
pick that option. For example-Can I have a word with
missing from it. Candidates must have a strong command you?
over English language, along with a flair for grammar and A. swift
a good vocabulary to solve questions based on cloze test. B. quick
More importantly, it is important to understand the flow C. prompt
and context of the passage.
You can see that the three options nearly mean the same
thing. How do you decide which one fits the blank?
APPROACHES TO SOLVE CLOZE TEST
Sometimes in English, some words are used more Read Thoroughly
frequently with some others. Like ‘bad habit’, ‘hardly ever’,
Read the passage provided very thoroughly to form an
‘happy ending’, ‘take a seat’, ‘make room’ etc. In the same
way, the words ‘quick’ and ‘word’ are used together
idea about the topic. Read slowly and gain an
understanding of the text. Once the theme of the text is
frequently. So ‘quick’ should be your answer in this case.
somewhat clear, your job becomes easier. You can then go
on to think of the appropriate words that suit the Check Tone OF passage
situation being described and proceed to filling in the
The passage is usually written in a certain tone; sometimes blanks.
narrative, sometimes critical, sometimes humorous. Pick
words that fit in with the tone of the passage. For example Link the Sentences Together –
Remember that it is a passage with sentences that are
Jonah __ down the stairs, bumping along like a quarter in
connected to each other. Do not make the mistake of a tumbling dryer.
treating each sentence like an individual one and filling in A. tumbled
the blanks accordingly. Try to come up with logical B. fell
connections that link up the sentences together and your C. dropped
job will automatically become easier.
Clearly, you can use either ‘tumbled’ or ‘fell’ in this blank.
But the rest of the sentence is written in a humorous vein. The Type of Word to Fill in
So we try to maintain the tone of the sentence. This is best
accomplished by the use of the word ‘tumbled’ as it brings
Now look at the blanks carefully and assess the kind of
to mind images of people falling funnily.
words you have to fill in. Which part of speech would it be?
Would it be a noun, a pronoun, a verb, a preposition, a
conjunction or an article? For example- Practice More
A noun– I forgot to carry my __ to school. I therefore had
In the end, there is no substitute for hard work and to share with my friend.
practice. Try to complete three to four passages each day
The logical answer here would be a book or tiffin.
while preparing and get an insight into your problem
areas. Work on them and go deliver your best
An article– He ate __ papaya and threw seeds away.
Articles are usually the easiest to answer. Fill in ‘a’ and ‘an’
where talking about general facts and ‘the’ when using it
THOUGHT PROCESS - WHILE SOLVING
before something specific. Here, the answer is ‘the’ or ‘his’ QUESTIONS
in the first case and ‘the’ or ‘its’ in the second.
STEP 1: Read the statement carefully and first, try to fill
A verb– ___ for half an hour left me breathless. The idea
the missing word without looking at the options. Guess it!
of being breathless connotes something strenuous like Predict it!
‘exercising’ or ‘running’.In this way, think of the appropriate word to fill in.
STEP 2: Choose the word from the options that best
replaces the word that you had thought of initially. OR try
to find most fit word from the options. Eliminate Options
STEP 3: if you are unable to find the fit word go for
We can easily identify most unfit/illogical words i n answer
elimination. Eliminate most unfit/illogical words from the
options. We should quickly eliminate these words. Only
answer options. Once you eliminated 2-3 words it will be
after that we should try to most fit word. Elimination will
easy to target answer from remaining words. Elimination
enhance accuracy and hence score. will enhance accuracy and hence your score. GovernmentAdda.com
STEP 4: Read the sentence again by replacing the blank
believe about the persons inner nature (___10 _) his or
with the option that you have chosen if time permits.
her roles and, manners. We mind read their fill (___ 11___)
NOTE: You must ensure that the word you have inserted in
their motives. Also everyday we mis -guess and misread.
the blank enables you to read the sentence smoothly and
Why ? Because of the complexity, (___12_ ), and correctly
multidimensional functioning of people. After all how well
STEP5 Even if you fail in above process then try it!
do you read your own thoughts, aims, values, motives,
Observe the Sentences before/after – In a passage mostly
beliefs etc. ? How well do you know your own s tructuring
all the sentences are logically related to each other try to
process your own thinking and (___13_ ) styles.
form linkage with preceding sentences Q1. 1. NOTE Apply
grammar rules (grammar rules – (a) vehemently
prepositions, noun, pronoun, adj, verb etc) (b) practically (c)actually
Preposition following a noun, adjective or verb. (Example: (d) incessantly look at images) (e) virtually
a prepositional phrase. (Example: in spite of ) Q2.
an adverb. ( Example: they vacated the house two years 2. ago) (a) ably
a connector. (Example: it is raining, therefore ground is (b) constantly wet.) (c)partly
a conjunction. (Example: Although he is seven, he can (d) largely speak eight languages) (e) positively
a auxiliary verb , an article , a pronoun , either subject or Q3.
object. (Example : it is easier to know) 3.
a comparative or superlative involved ? (Example: she’s (a) futuristic taller than me) (b) proactive (c)reactive
Go with Frequently Used Words– Sometimes, you may (d) decorative
not be able to decide between two words. In this case, if (e) assumptive
you see a word in the options that is frequently used with Q4.
the words around the blank, then pick that option. 4. (a) manifestations (b)expressions (c) motives (d)hopes Previous year questions (e)prospects
Directions: In the following passage t here are blanks, Q5.
each of which has been numbered. These numbers are 5.
printed below the passage and against each, five words (a) tricking
are suggested, one of which fits the blank (b) blaming
appropriately Find out the appropriate word in each (c)furthering case. (d)alarming
Actually every day we all are engaged in this business of (e)criticizing
reading people. We do it ( _1 _). We want to figure others Q6.
out. So we ( 2_ ) make guesses about what others think, 6.
value, want and feel and we do so based on our (___ 3___) (a) lessens
beliefs and understandings about human nature. We do so (b)happens
because if we can figure out ( 4 _) and intentions of others (c)questions
the possibility of them (___5 ) or hurting us, ( 6_ (d)deepens
) and this will help us to (___7 _) a lot of (e) laments
unnecessary pain and trouble. We also make second Q7.
guesses about what they will do in future, how they will ( 7.
8_ ) if we make this or that response. We do all this (a) approach
second guessing based upon our ( _9___) of what we (b) direct GovernmentAdda.com (c)avoid
last two years, and a 10year average inflation rate of about (d)implement
5%but you shouldn’t worry. This burst of inflation is the (e) prepare
result of three factors that have come together Q8.
unexpectedly, are unlikely to ( 15 _) for long and are unlikely 8.
to ( 16_ ) up together again A ( _17 _) rise in global oil (a) solve
prices, a monsoon that arrived late and a spike in global (b) apply
metal prices. North Sea crude has crossed $ 42 per barrel, (c)plan
driven up by low petroleum (___18_ ) and soaring (d) approach
demand In the US as war production heats up. Oil markets (e) respond
are also spooked by the ( _19_ ) of Russian oil supplies Q9.
falling on the back of the Yukos -Sibneft probe. There’s little 9.
that the government can do to (___20 _) users from (a) projection
soaring oil prices indeed, it shouldn’t, if it wants to ( _21_ (b) exhibition
) efficiency. Higher transport costs have pushed up rates (c)situation
of vegetables and fruits farm produce could also get (d) prediction
affected by rains that arrived too late for kharif sowing. China (e) attribution
is ( 22_ ) up steel and other metals from all over the Q10.
world to (___23_ ) a construction boom ahead of the 2008 10.
Olympics, making metal prices soar all over the world, and (a) organizing sparking inflation in India. (b) underneath Q14. (c)appreciating 14. (d) proposing (a)mere (e) outside (b) moderate Q11. (c) retarding 11. (d) vehement (a) cunning (e) dull (b) visible Q15. (c)deeper 15. (d) obvious (a) obstinate (e) proposed (b) constitute Q12. (c) persist 12. (d) repeat (a) abnormality (e) normalize (b) angularity Q16. (c)focus 16. (d)lay redness (a) go (e) contribution (b) scramble Q13. (c) mount 13. (d) yield (a) proposing (e) crop (b) developing Q17. (c) upbringing 17. (d) lamenting (a) sustained (e) emoting (b) suspicious (c) horrific
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (d) erratic
each of which has been numbered. against each (e) favourable
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the Q18.
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in 18. each case. (a) lists (b)
After ten years of ( 14 _) inflation, prices have spiked trades (c)
7.5% in the third week of July. This looks scary after all, services
Indians had got used1 to prices crawling up by 2% in the (d) inventories GovernmentAdda.com (e) details Q24. Q19. 24. 19. (a)gathered (a) prospect (b) amassed (b)progress (c)collected (c) view (d) especially (d)extent (e)accumulated (e) deposit Q25. Q20. 25. 20. (a)climax (a) support (b) heart (b) ignore (c)foot (c) propel (d) link (d)prolong (e)helm (e) Insulate Q26. Q21. 26. 21. (a)respect (a) position (b) treat (b)promote (c)like (c) process (d) construct (d)pass (e)appreciate (e) form Q27. Q22. 27. 22. (a)enlightenment (a) hurrying (b)control (b)passing
(c) exposure (d) (c) pairing variation (d)(gobbling) (e)manifestations (e) throwing Q28. Q23. 28. 23. (a) intuitions (a) keep (b) invention (b)make (c)formation (c) feed (d) outcomes (d) grow (e)ambition (e) fight Q29. 29.
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (a)scientific
each of which has been numbered. against each (b) miraculous
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (c)generally
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (d) reasoned each case. (e)linking
Though much theory has ( 24 _) little is really known about Q30.
the power that lies at the ( 25_ ) of scientific 30.
discoveries. It is true that great scientists and discoverers ( (a)ravage (b)
26 _) discovery by employing all the (___ 27 _) of merges
personality and by fusing feelings, reasons and (___ 28___) (c)arranges
But, what is the ( 29_ ) synthesis that joins and (d) deciphers
( 30 _) these complex parts into scientific invention? A (e)overstates
famous scientist of yesteryears had developed one of the ( Q31.
31 _) and still generally (___32_ ) answers to this 31.
question. Imaginative ( 33 _) he concludes, is a complex (a)most attractive
process in which the conscious and the unconscious (b)simplest
thinking processes jointly operate. (c)unswerving GovernmentAdda.com (d) best 36. (e)original (a) established Q32. (b)maligned 32. (c)damaged (a)suggested (d) rebuilt (b) crucial (e) involved (c)satisfactory Q37. (d) criticised 37. (e)concourse (a) sublimate Q33. (b) express 33. (c) minimize (a)prognosis (d) regulate (b) talent (e) control (c)content Q38. (d) discoveries 38. (e) invention (a) baseless (b) imaginary
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c)exaggerative
each of which has been numbered. against each (d)real
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) national
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q39. each case. 39.
Most of us are (_ 34 _) of open conflict and avoid it if we (a) cure
can. And there is a ( 35_ ) to expressing and working (b) diagnosis
through conflict. If the working through involves harsh (c)prescription
words and name-calling people feel deeply hurt and (d)prevention
relationships can be ( 36 _). Sometimes permanently. (e) medicine
Some group members may be afraid that if they really( 37_ Q40.
)their anger, they may go out of control and become 40.
violent, or they may do this. These fears can be very ( 38_ (a) harmony
)and based on experience. So why take the risk? Why not (b) discomfiture
avoid conflict at all costs ? Conflict is rather like disease ( (c)disagreement
39___) is best, that means attuning to areas where ( 40_ (d)consensus
) may occur before they become an issue. If you have, not (e) statement
(___41_ ) a conflict happening, your next choice is to Q41.
treat it early, or hope that it goes away. If it goes away over 41.
time fine. If it ( 42_ ). then you will still have to handle (a) expressed
(treat) it and it is likely to be more (___43___). (b) ignored Q34. (c) induced 34. (d) seen (a) scared (e)perverted (b) careful Q42. (c) reckless 42. (d) aware (a) doesn’t (e) worried (b) wont Q35. (c) don’t 35. (d) not (a) challenge (e)hasnt (b) measure Q43. (c) principle 43. (d) chance (a) credible (e) risk (b) serious Q36. (c) fraudulent (d) urgent GovernmentAdda.com (e)skilled (d) securely (e) unique
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, Q47.
each of which has been numbered. against each 47.
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (a) process (b)
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in waves each case. (c)deliveries
Mobile banking (M banking) involves the use of a mobile (d) connection
phone or any other mobile device to (___ 44 ) financial (e) channels
transaction linked to a client’s account. M banking is new Q48.
in most countries and most mobile payment models even in 48.
developed countries, to date operate on a (___ 45___) (a) valuable
scale. A mobile network offers a (___46 ) available (b) answerable
technology platform onto which other services can be (c)amenable
provided at low cost with effective results. For example, M (d) exposed
banking services which use ( _47 _) such as SMS can be (e) responsible,
carried at a cost of less than one US cent per message. The Q49.
low cost of using existing infrastructure makes such 49.
services more ( 48 ) to use by customers with lower (a) waning
purchasing power and opens up access to services which did (b) stable
not reach them earlier due to ( 49_ ) cost of service (c)proportionate
delivery. Although M banking is one aspect in the wider (d)marginal
( 50 _) of e banking there are reasons to single it out for (e) high
focus especially because there are reasons to single it out Q50.
for focus especially because there are a lot more people 50.
with mobile phones than bank accounts in India. M banking (a) archive
could provide a ( _51 _) solution to bring more (b) domain
unbanked people to the financial mainstream. Without (c)purpose
traditional credit .individuals are ( _52 _) to exploitation (d) component
by abusive lenders offering very high interest rates on (e)aspect
short term loans .Also of considerable importance are Q51.
public safety implications for the unbanked they are often 51.
victims of crime because many operate on a cash only (a) law abiding
basis and end up carrying significant amounts of cash on (b) tried
their ( 53 _) or store cash in their homes. (c)reassuring Q44. (d) cost effective 44. (e) stopgap (a) disburse Q52. (b) undertake 52. (c) subscribe
(a) inclined (b) (d) lure amass immune (e) Q (c) vulnerable 45. (d) surrendered 45. (e) pressured (a) full Q53. (b)voluminous 53. (c)substantial (a) person (d) limited (b) own (e) rapid (c)relatives Q46. (d) purses 46. (e) self (a) readily (b) tangible
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c)routinely
each of which has been numbered. against each GovernmentAdda.com
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) allusion
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q59. each case. 59.
In the ( 54___) of India’s economic boom, Indian (a) solution
Professional Service Firms (PSFs) from management (b) key
consultancies and investment banks to advertising agencies (c)heart
and law firms are (___55_ ) to attract the best and the (d) precedence
brightest talent But to be truly successful they have to do (e) occurrence
more than that. Like PSFs around the world they need to ( Q60.
56 _) their professionals rather than see them walk out of 60.
the door in ( _57 _) of opportunities. To achieve that, (a) ahead
companies often rely on the ( _58_ ) of sprawling (b)beyond
campuses and luxurious facilities. But none of this gets to (c)away
the ( 59 _) of the problem, which is when young (d)to
professionals join PSFs they have expectations which go far ( (e) sighted
60_ ) the nature of facilities. ( _61___) on to do creative, Q61.
thought provoking work, they often find themselves engaged 61.
in doing ( _62 _) activities. They feel underutilized, which (a) Deciding
is a formula for (___ 63_ ) in the long term. (b) Catching Q54. (c) Keen 54. (d) Focussing (a) depth (e) Signing (b) stage Q62. (c)midst 62. (d) present (a) pivotal (e) knowledge (b) productive Q55. (c)optional 55. (d) mundane (a) opposing (e) allied (b) rivalling Q63. (c)partial 63. (d) competing (a) failure (e) obsessed (b) motivation Q56. (c)success 56. (d) innovation (a) transition (e) potential (b) retain (c)advance
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (d) substitute
each of which has been numbered. against each (e) restrain
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the Q57.
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in 57. each case. (a) obtaining
Without doubt there is one thing (___64 _) to all of us we (b) pursuing
have all played a game at some time in our lives, Most of us (c)demand
play to relax or have fun, but for many, playing a game or a (d) direction
sport is a way to ( 65 _) poverty behind. In fact, in many (e)search
African countries, playing a sport professionally can ( _66_ Q58.
) the lives of a persons entire family. For example, in the 58.
small town of Bekoji, in Ethiopia (___67 _) than a (a) allure
hundred boys and girls can be seen running at dawn (b)control
everyday. Each of these youth is ( 68___) and serious and (c)reward
their coach is ( 69_ ) that one of them will be a world (d)perk
champion. This seems like an Idle (___70 _) but It is
virtually a guarantee in this small community (___ 71___) GovernmentAdda.com
mainly farmers. Many of the fastest male and female (b) boast
distance runners in the world hail from this small town. A (c) suspicion
small hand painted sign which greets visitors outside Bekoji (d) risk
(___72 _) Welcome to the Village of Athletes. Children (e) worship
here start running at ( 73___) great distances to fetch Q71.
water and firewood of to reach school. At the Olympics, 71.
runners from this small town are likely to win more medals (a)for
than those from developed countries. It will give their (b)existing
families a way out of poverty. (c). that Q64. (d)comprising 64. (e) consisting (a)popular Q72. (b)accepted 72. (c)common (a)wish (d)alike (b)warn (e) similar (c)inform Q65. (d)notices 65. (a)leave (e) reads (b)alleviate Q73. (c)forgot 73. (d)prevent (a)competing (e) reduce (b)covering Q66. (c)driving 66. (d)measuring (a)shift (e) following (b)changes (c)arrange
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (d)control
each of which has been numbered. against each (e) transform
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the Q67.
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in 67. each case. (a)larger
Mankind has seen rapid ( 74 _) in the last 150 years because (b)further
Of the mass manufacturing techniques (___ 75___) in (c)more
western nations and later taken to new levels of efficiency (d)greater
by Japan. Mass production and production for the masses (e) over
became the bases of new business strategies. Large scale Q68.
consumption by all with the social benefit of ( _76_ ) 68.
poverty became the dominant economic strategy. The (a)performed
advent of electricity and its large-scale application to (b)concentrated
lighting, heating and operating machines added a fresh (c)rival
dimension to manufacturing. By the 1950s came ( 77___) (d)focused
in electronics and transistor devices to be followed by (e) playful
innovations in microelectronics, computers and various Q69.
forms of sensors all of which (___ 78 _) altered the 69.
manufacturing scene. It is now no longer necessary to make (a)confident
prototypes In a factory or a laboratory to study a new (b)convince
product. Many new products can be (___79_ ) on (c)optimist
computers and their behaviour simulated on them. By (d)intended
choosing an optimum design through such simulations, (e) privilege
computer programmes can directly ( _80_ ) the Q70.
manufacturing processes. These processes are generally 70.
called Computer Aided Design (CAD) and Computer (a) precaution
Assisted Manufacturing (CAM). These capabilities are
leading to newer forms of ( _81 _) by customers. Each GovernmentAdda.com
customer can be offered several special options. Customized 81.
product design or ( _82_ ) manufacturing are other (a) uses
popular techniques currently in (___83_ ) in many (b) demands developed countries. (c) advertisements Q74. (d)consumption 74. (e) goods (a) havoc Q82. (b)transformation 82. (c)destruction (a) visible (b) (d)violence secure (e)deforestation (c)fundamental Q75. (d) overt 75. (e)flexible (a)discarded Q83. (b)resorted 83. (c)indulged (a) view (d)perfected (b)wings (e) designated (c)vogue Q76. (d)isolation 76. (e) order (a)removing (b)nurturing
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c)appeasing
each of which has been numbered. against each (d)cajoling
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) mastering
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q77. each case. 77.
Recently the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank
(a) additions (b)
(ADB) (___84_ ) separate reports on poverty. The World gadgets
Bank Report (___85_ ) its benchmark of extreme poverty (c)modifications
by 25 cents from $1 per person per day to $1.25 per person (d)variety
a day. The ADB announced an even (___ 86___) (e)inventions
benchmark of $ 1.35 per person a day. These new Q78.
benchmarks are ( 87_ ) on surveys in the world’s 78.
poorest countries. Experts often like to (___88___) that (a)immediately
poverty has declined because of economic growth in India (b)precisely
and China. This is wrong and ( 89 _). In the past twenty (c)irreversibly
five years the poverty rate in India has ( 90 _) by less than (d)indefinitely
one percentage point a year. ( 91_ ) we use a (e)measurably
poverty line of $1 per person per day or $1.25 per person per Q79.
day makes little ( _92 ). The number of poor in 79.
India is large. The purpose of these statistics is not to dispute
(a) designed (b)
them but to ( _93 ) whether the benefits of produced
economic growth are being shared with the poor. (c)manufactured Q84. (d)sold 84. (e)purchased (a) declared Q80. (b) released 80. (c)print (d) (a)inspire issue (e) (b)cultivate publish (c)visualise Q85. (d)drive 85. (e)curtail (a) heightened Q81. (b) announced GovernmentAdda.com (c)raised (a) acknowledge (d) maintained (b) suggest (e) notified (c)care Q86. (d) inspire 86. (e) study (a) better (b) significant
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c)plausible
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) higher
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) lower
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q87. each case. 87.
Decades ago, China ( _94 _) the concept of barefoot (a) based
doctors. They were community healthcare workers who (b)collected
successfully ( 95_ ) the health of Chinas villages. (c)inferred
Following this example, many African, Asian and Latin (d)derived
American countries have started ( 96 _) programmes. (e) gathered
The largest of such community health efforts is India’s Q88.
National Rural Health Mission, in (___97 _) over three 88.
years, the programme has mobilized over fifty thousand (a) realise
new community health workers, each (___ 98 ) as Asha. (b)claim
This is short for Accredited Social Health Activist and (c)discover
translated into Hindi is the word (___99 _) hope. Today (d)recommend
technology companies and foundations are also joining the ( (e) criticise
_100 _) to support community health workers. Mobile Q89.
phone companies , are ( 101 _) these workers with 89.
phones and support systems to obtain up to date medical (a) adverse
information, call ambulances etc., In the (___ 102_ ) years, (b) opposing
community health workers can thus help (___ 103 _) the (c)corrupt
spread of many devastating but curable diseases. (d) rejected Q94. (e) misleading 94. Q90. (a) gives 90. (b)researches (a) deplete (c)introduced (b) plunge (d) originates (c)declined (e) enlightened (d) weaken Q95. (e) fell 95. Q91. (a) improved 91. (b) entrusted (a)(?) Unless (c)fought (b) Despite (d) cured (c) Instead (e) dealt (d) Whether Q96. (e) Regardless 96. Q92. (a) deplete 92. (b) plunge (a) difference (c) imitated (b) effect (d) similar (c)contrast (e) naming (d) question Q97. (e) option 97. Q93. (a) course 93. (b) less GovernmentAdda.com (c) approximate
these hazardous products ( 106___) multimillion dollar (d) period
paychecks for their efforts. So why shouldn’t they ( _107 (e) just
_) to pay for their mop-up ? This is, after all, what the U.S. Q98.
Congress ( 108___) in 1980 for (___109_ ) of actual 98.
toxic waste. Under the Superfund law (___ 110___) that (a)(11 referred
year, polluters(___111___) for the messes they make. (b) known
Environmental lawyer E. Michael Thomas sees no ( _112 (c) perceived
_) lawmakers couldn’t demand the same of financial (d) regarded
polluters and ( _113 ) them to ante up some of the bank (e) called bailout money. Q99. Q104. 99. 104. (a) denotes (a) range (b)describes (b)depth (c)for (c) midst (d) explains (d)essence (e) means (e) debate Q100. Q105. 100. 105. (a) business (a) benefit (b)membership (b) cost (c) (c) scope earn (d)effort (d)facilitate (e) purpose (e) save Q101. Q106. 101. 106. (a) provided (a)donated (b) buying (b)demanded (c)equipped (c) dwindled (d) supplied (d) spent (e)empowering (e) pocketed Q102. Q107. 102. 107. (a) coming (a) hesitate (b) next (b) come (c) past (c) defy (d) few (d) have (e) previous (e) admit Q103. Q108. 103. 108. (a) overlook (a) decreed (b) curb (b)refrained (c) protect (c)commented (d) enrich (d)admonished (e) neglect (e)visualized Q109.
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, 109.
each of which has been numbered. against each (a) consumers
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (b) advocates
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (c) exponents each case. (d) producers
The U.S. is in the (___104___) of a cleanup of toxic financial (e) users
waste that will (___105_ ) taxpayers hundreds of billions Q110.
of dollars at the very least. The primary manufacturers of 110. GovernmentAdda.com (a) revoked (c) reluctance (b) forced (d) anxiety (c) squashed (e) hesitation (d) abandoned Q116. (e) enacted 116. Q111. (a) variation 111. (b) instance (a) regain (c) form (b) claim (d) breach (c) pay (e) conduct (d) demand Q117. (e) consider 117. Q112. (a)appropriate 112. (b)sympathetic (a) practice (c)harsh (b)reason (d)unprecedented (c) compensation (e)exorbitant (d) issue Q118. (e) wonder 118. Q113. (a) root 113. (b)disseminate (a) force (c) range (b) plead (d) deviate (c) appeal (e) emerge (d) dupe Q119. (e) follow 119. (a) to
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (b)even
each of which has been numbered. against each (c) with
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (d) into
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (e) for each case. Q120.
Employee misconduct, ( _114 _) of leave, tardiness, 120.
abuse of lunch hours or coffee breaks, (___115___) to (a) punishment comply with the agency’s procedures, or any (b) memos
other( 116___)of the employee employer relationship (c) indiscipline
are examples of problems for which disciplinary actions may (d) suspensions be(___117_ ). Such actions ( 118 _) from (e) curtailment
admonishments, warnings and oral or written reprimands ( Q121.
119 _) ( _120_ ). reduction in grade or pay, or 121. (a)
removal. Many agencies have formalized (___121 _) in all
tables of penalties or guidelines ( _122_ ) (___123___) (b)these action. (c) abundant Q114. (d) which 114. (e) only (a) submission Q122. (b) cancellation 122. (c) demand (a) with (d) application (b)under (e) abuse (c) for Q115. (d)on 115. (e) about (a) displeasure Q123. (b) failure 123. GovernmentAdda.com (a) harsh 128. (b) decent (a) held (c) quick (b) invited (d) responsible (c)assembled (e) corrective (d) done (e) shifted
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, Q129.
each of which has been numbered. against each 129.
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (a) entertain
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (b) present each case. (c)accompany
On October 2, 1983 the Grameen Bank Project (___124___) (d) attend
the Grameen Bank, We invited the Finance Minister to be (e) involve
the Chief Guest at our ( 125 _) ceremony. But when the Q130.
Ministry came to (___126_ ) that the ceremony would take 130.
place in a remote district, they said it would not be an (a) refused
( 127 _) place to launch a Bank and that the ceremony should (b) apologised
be ( 128_ ) in Dhaka so that all the top (c) told
Government Officials could ( _129_ ). We stood firm and (d) explained
( 130 _) to them that we did not work in urban areas so it (e) denied
made no (___131_ ) to have the ceremony in a city ( Q131.
132 _) we had no borrowers. We had the ceremony in a 131.
big open field with the Finance Minister present as Chief (a) point
Guest. For all of us who had worked so hard to (___ 133___) (b) difference
this it was a dream come true. (c) sense Q124. (d) difficulty 124. (e) meaning (a) became Q132. (b) reorganised 132. (c) merged (a) which (d) named (b) where (e) converted (c) while Q125. (d) that 125. (e) however (a) Induction Q133. (b) opening 133. (c)closing (a) perform (d) dedicated (b) obey (e) Inaugurate (c) achieve Q126. (d) discover 126. (e) built (a) acquaint (b) reveal
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c)know
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) aware
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) inform
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q127. each case. 127.
Twenty years ( 134 _) now, nearly 60% of the world’s (a) obvious
population will live In urban areas. The impact of (b) excellent
urbanization might not all be positive on India as urban (c)available
expansion is happening at a much ( 135_ ) rate than (d) inauspicious
infrastructure expansion. Sustainability issues need to be ( (e) appropriate
_136 _) so that economic development is not at the ( Q128.
_137 _) of public health. Some urban services that GovernmentAdda.com
ought to be in (138) in a city like water, electricity, (a) Good
transport etc. need special consideration. TERI has put (b) Competent
together a detailed report that (139) sustainability in the (c)Absence
provision of basic urban services in Indian (d)inadequate
cities.( 140 _) public transport is a major reason for the (e) Sufficient
proliferation of private vehicles on the road. Respiratory Q141.
illness in children living in urban areas is on the ( 141 _) 141.
with more cases of Asthma being (___142___) because of (a) multiplication
pollution, The future of cities of Indian dreams depends on (b)expansion
(___143 _) we can build better cities today. (c) rise Q134. (d) inflation 134. (a) (e) grow till Q142. (b)since 142. (c)from (a) produced (d)after (b) develop (e) on (c)composed Q135. (d) resulted 135. (e)reported (a) faster Q143. (b)slower 143. (c)changed (a) if (d)speed (b) whether (e) quick (c)unless Q136. (d) Provided 136. (e) weather (a) speculated (b) believed
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c)Imagined
each of which has been numbered. against each (d)considered
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) understand
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q137. each case. 137.
Today It Is ( 144_ ) recognized that the 21st century (a) payment
will be driven by knowledge. To ( 145 _) the challenges (b) rate
of this century, India needs to usher in a knowledge (c)costs
revolution that ( _146 _) to bring about systemic (d)charge
changes in education. While our economy has made (e) expense
significant strides, the education system has not kept ( Q138.
_147 _) with the aspirations of the youth. The vast 138.
disparity in country today is a result of skewed ( (a) abundance
_148 _)to knowledge. To address this we need a (b) large
substantial expansion in educational opportunities, with a (c)functional
special ( _149_ )on inclusion of the underprivileged. At (d)vicinity
the bottom of the pyramid, steps must be taken to ( _150 _) (e) location access
to quality education. While the Q139.
government has taken steps to ensure education to all, 139.
where it lacks in its efforts is the quality perspective. Being a (a) bring
spirally upward drive, education cannot be (___151_ ) to (b) emphasizes
improve at the higher level lest it improves at the very (c)speculates
grass root level. The top of the pyramid, i.e. higher (d)postulates
education is also uneven. Students struggle to compete in the (e) requests
exams which ( _152 _) a sound knowledge of Q140.
English. While candidates are expected to travel several 140.
kilometers to reach school to obtain any education, the GovernmentAdda.com
higher education organizations often (___153___) (a) awaited
candidates from vernacular media through State (b) judged y
sponsored exams and proudly affirm them as unbiased. (c) thought Q144. (d) expected 144. (e) said (a) thickly Q152. (b) widely 152. (c) ample (a) demand (d) parity (b) has (e) considered (c) consume Q145. (d) expects 145. (e) wants (a) adhere to Q153. (b) gather 153. (c) cover (a) discourages (d) contact (b) disobey (e) meet (c) contest Q146. (d) assume 146. (e) reject (a) sought (b) wanted
Directions: in the following passage there are blan ks, (c) seeks
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) attempt
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) determined
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q147. each case. 147.
Since (___154_ ) times, people have (___155_ ) that (a) adequate
human activity could affect the environment. The (b) sufficient
discovery of past ice ages shows that Earth’s climate is in (c) influence
constant (___156 _) and that ( 157 _) history, scientists (d) pace
have ( _158_ ) for the cause of these changes. Though (e) ahead
scientists discovered the greenhouse effect in the late 19th Q148.
century, the theory of global warming wasn’t (___159___) 148.
as a scientifically proven fact until 1992 when the United (a) access
Nations held a Conference on Environment and (b) approaching
Development Today, global warming is a (___ 160___) (c) rights
accepted reality and ( _161 ) about its effects range (d) infiltration
from the hysteria to the acceptance. Newspapers chronicle (e) excess
the slowly changing climate and the actions that have ( Q149.
_162 _) that change. From developing nations to 149.
industrial countries, global climate affects (___163___). (a) aspiration Q154. (b) intensity 154. (c) important (a) long (d) place (b) great (e) emphasis (c) urgent Q150. (d) ancient 150. (e) stone age (a) enjoy Q155. (b) help 155. (c) provide (a) believed (d) diminish (b) succeeded (e) deepen (c) wished Q151. (d) lost 151. (e) wanted , GovernmentAdda.com Q156. (d)more 156. (e)singular (a) hot (b) flux
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) fight
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) changes
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) reality .
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q157. each case. 157.
As the temperature ( 164_ ) during the summer season, (a) with
many households turn to air conditioners to keep them (b) for
cool. Air conditioners which were once regarded as a (c) to
residential luxury have now become a (___ 165___). (d) throughout
Enjoying a cooler atmosphere during hot Weather is not (e) as
the only benefit of using the air conditioner. A household, a Q158.
vehicle, or a building becomes cleaner and safer for breathing 158.
as air conditioning also (___166___) the growth and (a) contribute
spread of harmful microorganisms. However, along with the (b) talked
benefits, some disadvantages are also (___ 167___) with it. (c) resigned
One of the most controversial topics attached to the (d) visited
subject of air conditioning deals with some of the materials (e) searched
that are used to produce the cooling effect Fluorocarbons. Q159.
These refrigerants ( _168_ ) to global warming and 159.
are ( 169_ ) as one of the main ways in which air- (a) accepted
conditioning ( 170 _) the environment. Fluorocarbon (b) false
refrigerants also add to the problems concerning ozone layer (c) real
depletion. While air conditioning provides a 1 temporary (d) greeted
relief and makes heat wave more bearable, many questions (e) expected
have been (___171 _) on how much the world will pay in Q160.
the long run in terms of the environmental damage that it has 160.
caused. Today, scientists are ( 172 _) on making more (a) rarely
environmental friendly products, but for now, individuals (b) widely
are (___173 _) to part with their instant cool during the (c) wrongly thick of summer. (d) leisurely Q164. (e) faithfully 164. Q161. (a) decreases 161. (b) rises (a) principles (c) deviates (b) various (d) fluctuates (c)measurement (e)varies1 (d)idea Q165. (e)speculation 165. Q162. (a) irreplaceable 162. (b)obligatory (a) meaning (c) Certainty, (b) worked (d) necessity (c) affected (e) redundancy (d) cause Q166. (e)witness 166. Q163. (a) prevents 163. (a)each (b) escapes (b)all (c)kills (c)everyone (d) removes (e)(6)purifier GovernmentAdda.com Q167.
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in 167. each case. (a)connected
The world’s climate has always changed and species have (b)related
evolved accordingly to survive it. The surprising fact about (c) associated
the ( 174___) between evolution and global wanning (d) influenced
( _175 _) that, it is not linear. ( _176_ ) temperatures (e) created
alone are not ( 177_ ) of evolution. Evolution is also the Q168.
( _178 _) of seasonal changes. As the environment 168.
( _179 _) those species which don’t adapt ( 180_ ) to (a) result
exist. But the sheer ( 181 _) of manmade climate change (b) determine
today is ( 182_ ). Bad things are happen i mg and by (c) affect
one ( 183 _) global warming could threaten up to one (d) outcome
third of the world’s species if left unchecked. In fact a lot of (e) contribute
the species which will be able to survive are the ones we Q169.
consider pests like insects and weeds. 169. Q174. (a) attended 174. (b) presumed (a) difference (c) regarded (b) similarity (d) valued (c) argument (e) responsible (d) relationship Q170. (e) alliance 170. Q175. (a) helps 175. (b) impacts (a) being (c) decline (b)seems (d) disintegrates (c) mainly (e) improves M (d)besides Q171. (e) is 171. Q176. (a) thought 176. (b) explained (a) However (c) expected (b) Mounted (d) interrogated (c) Rising (e) raised (d) Elevating Q172. (e) Inclining 172. Q177. (a) trying 177. (b) expected (a) means (b) (c) developing triggers (c) (d) working responses (d) (e) inventing threats Q173. (e) stimulus 173. Q178. (a) disabled 178. (b)helpless (a) result (c) unwanted (b) precursor (d) aware (c) resistance (e) reluctant (d) cause (e) provocation
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, Q179.
each of which has been numbered. against each 179.
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (a) conserves (b) stifles GovernmentAdda.com (c) predicts
activity for his country too, like nationalization of some (d) changes
industries, and starting national health scheme. (e) emerges Q184. Q180. 184 180. (a) isolated (a) continue (b) established (b) halt (c)conquered (c) cease (d) marginalized (d) terminate (e)(6)led (e) discontinue Q185. Q181. 185. 181. (a) averse (a) luck (b) close (b) value (c) swept (c) collapse (d) used (d) pace (e) immune (e) attention Q186. Q182. 186. 182. (a) interested (a) threatened (b) instrumental (b) pursued (c) eager (c) unprecedented (d) reluctant (d) record (e) particular (e) debated Q187. Q183. 187. 183. (a) class (a) forecast (b) origin (b) chance (c) country (c) pattern (d) family (d) occasion (e) community (e) Imagination Q188. 188.
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (a) concern
each of which has been numbere d. against each (b) reverence
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (c) apathy
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (d) jobs each case. (e) indifference
Clement Atlee became the Prime Minister of England after Q189.
the Second World War. Winston Churchill who had 189.
successfully ( _184 _) England and the allies to victory (a) assistance
over Hitler was now rejected by the English people at the (b) conviction
hustings. Labour Party was ( _185 _) to power and Atlee (c) harmony
became the Prime Minister. One of his memorable tasks (d) faith
was that he was ( 186 _) in granting India its freedom. Atlee (e) conflict
was born in a well to do (___187_ ) but he always had ( Q190.
188_ ) for the poor and the downtrodden. He is known 190.
for keeping ( _189_ ) and cooperation among his cabinet (a) among
colleagues. Not that there were no differences of opinion ( (b) within
_190 _) his cabinet members, but Atlee, by his ( 191 _) (c) between
nature and positive approach, always managed to keep (d) from them
together and had control over them (e) with
( 192 _) being sympathetic to the cause of India, and granting Q191.
India freedom, he (___193___) many a constructive 191. (a) withdrawing GovernmentAdda.com (b) gentle 194. (c) stubborn (a) Irrational (d) aggressive (b) main (e) docile (c) brilliant Q192. (d) important 192. (e) empathetic (a) although Q195. (b) without 195. (c) he (a) maintaining (d) beside (b) trusting (e) after (c) selling Q193. (d) processing 193. (e) creating (a) demonstrated Q196. (b) imitated 196. (c) bypassed (a) necessarily (d) observation (b) exceptionally (e) did (c) primarily (d) regularly
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (e)truly
each of which has been numbered. against each Q197.
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the 197.
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (a) unexplained each case. (b) doubt
Seed quality is an (___194_ ) aspect of crop production. (c) some
For ages, farmers have traditionally been selecting and (d) true
( 195 _) good quality seed, since it was in their interest (e) sad
to do so. They knew and understood the importance of Q198.
quality seed in production. However, with the advent of 198.
green revolution technology, based. ( 196 _) on the high (a) himself
yielding dwarf varieties of wheat and rice, mainstream (b) sometimes
thinking changed. Agricultural scientists, for reasons that (c) proper (d)
remain ( 197 _). began to doubt, the ability of farmers improve (e)
to maintain seed quality ( 198 _). Aided by the World themselves
Bank, the Ministry of Agriculture launched a National Q199.
Seeds Project in 1967. Under the project , spread Into three 169.
phases, seed processing plants were (___199 _) up In (a) established
nine suites. Six states were covered under phase three. All (b) created
that the huge processing plants were ( 200 _) to do was to (c) set
provide certified seeds of food crops, mainly self - (d) wound
pollinating crops, to farmers. In mid1980s, the (e) thought
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in the Q200.
Philippines concluded a study which (___ 201___) that there 200.
was hardly any difference In the crop yields from (a) tried
transplanted rice and from the crop sown by broadcasted (b) mattered
seeds. One would wonder why, in the first instance, were the (c) meaning
farmers, asked to ( _202 _) over to transplanting (d) supposed
paddy? The answer Is simple — probably, to help the (e) expect
mechanical industries grow. Since rice, Is the staple food In Q201.
Asia, tractor sales could only grow if there was a way to 201.
move the machine in the rice fields. No wonder, the sales (a) renounced
of tractors, puddlers, reapers and other associated (b) showed
( 203 _) soared in the rice growing areas. (c) passed Q194. (d) negated GovernmentAdda.com (e) directed (e) Inclining Q202. Q207. 202. 207. (a) shift (a) means (b) (b) make triggers (c) (c) turn responses (d) (d) mull threats (e) switch (e) stimulus Q203. Q208. 203. 208. (a) sell (a) results (b) equipments (b) precursor (c) people (c) resistance (d) techniques (d) cause (e) creatures (e) provocation , Q209.
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, 209.
each of which has been numbered. against each (a) conserves
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (b)stifles
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (c) predicts each case. (d)changes
The world’s climate has always changed and species have (e) emerges
evolved accordingly to survive it The surprising fact about Q210.
the ( 204 _) between evolution and global warming ( 205 210.
_) that it is not liner. (___206_ ) temperatures alone are (a) continue
not (___207 _) of evolution. Evolution is also the ( 208 _) (b) halt
of seasonal changes. As the environment ( 209 _) those (c)cease
species which don’t adapt (___210 _) to exist. But the (d) terminate
sheer ( _211 ) of manmade climate change today is (e)discontinue
(___212_ ). Bad things are happening and by one (___213 Q211.
_) global wanning could threaten up to one third of the 211.
world’s species if left unchecked. In fact a lot of the species (a) luck
which will be able to survive are the, ones we consider pests (b) value like in, sects and weeds. (c) collapse Q204. (d)pace 204. (e) attention (a) difference Q212. (b) similarity 212. (c) argument (a) threatened (d) relationship (b)pursued (e) alliance (c) unprecedented Q205. (d)record 205. (e) debated (a) being Q213. (b) seems 213. (c) mainly (a) forecast (d) besides (b) chance (e) is (c)pattern Q206. (d) occasion 206. (e) imagination (a) However (b) Mounted
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) Rising
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) Elevating
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the GovernmentAdda.com
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (c)lesser each case. (d)beating
The world is going (___214_ ) a deep recession. At such a (e)greater
time, one thing we need in abundance is jobs for the Q219.
semiskilled and unskilled. This is the only way in which 219.
equal ( 215_ ) of wealth can take place. The healthcare (a) affords
industry is ( 216 _) poised to occupy this position. the (b)cures
IT industry hires people from the upper middle strata and (c)visits
rich families, usually engineers, ( 217_ ) the healthcare (d)reaches
industry hires nurses, to the tune of eighty percent of the (e) provides
jobs created, from the lower economic strata. Global Q220.
healthcare is a $ 4.5 trillion industry, (___218___) only to 220.
the agroindustry. Even then healthcare ( 219 _) only (a) look (b)
eight percent of world’s population. Policymakers should plan
( 220 _) at healthcare industry as not only an industry (c)weigh
which addresses pain but also as one which can (d)admire
( 221 _) the economy. The last century was driven by (e)consider
machines that addressed human toil and it is strongly Q221.
( 222 _) that this century will be driven by healthcare. 221.
This, however, will only happen if policymakers make a (a)affect (b)
conscious effort to ( _223 _) the right policies in place effect soon. (c)influence Q214. (d)impede 214. (e) estimate (a)past Q222. (b) against 222. (c)through (a) thought (d) across (b)credited (e) on (c)identified Q215. (d) believed 215. (e) supposed (a) earning Q223. (b) share 223. (c) venture (a) derive (d) delivery (b) frame (e) distribution (c)figure Q216. (d) consider 216. (e) put (a) commonly (b) ideally
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) indefinitely
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) preferably
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e)invariably
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q217. each case. 217.
Prior to independence the healthcare sector in India was in (a) whereas
a ( 224 _) with a large number of deaths and rampant (b) unlike
spread of infectious diseases. After independence the (c) besides
Government of India laid ( _225_ ) on primary (d) although
healthcare and India has put in sustained efforts to better the (e) despite
healthcare system ( 226___) the country. The Q218.
government initiative was not enough to meet the 218.
demands of a growing population be it in primary, (a)encouraging
secondary or tertiary healthcare. Alternate sources of (b)second
finance were critical for the sustainability of the health GovernmentAdda.com
sector Till about 20 _ years ago, private sector ventures in (d) survive
the healthcare sector ( _227_ ) of only solo (e) give
practitioners, small hospitals and nursing homes. The Q229.
quality of service provided was excellent especially ih the 229.
.hospitals run by charitable trusts and religious (a)gap
foundations. In 1980s realizing that the government on its (b) position
Own would not be able to ( _228 _) for health care, the (c) distance
government allowed the entry of private sector to reduce the (d) length
( 229___) between supply and demand for (e) thought
healthcare. The establishment of the private sector has Q230.
resulted in the, ( 230 _) of opportunities in terms of 230.
medical equipment, information technology in health (a) reduction
services, BPO, tele medicine and medical tourism. Large (b) sea
companies and ( 231_ ) individuals have now started (c) cropping
five star hospitals which dominate the space for the high end (d) disabling
market. The private sector has made (___ 232___) (e) emergence
progress, but on the flip side it is also responsible for Q231.
increasing ( 233 _) in the healthcare sector. The private 231.
sector should be more socially relevant and effort must be (a)needy
made to make private sector accessible to the weaker (b) destitute sections of society. (c) bigger Q224. (d) affluent 224. (e) much (a) shambles Q232. (b) failure 232. (c) demand (a) slowly (d) prosperity (b) improve (e) ruined (c) many Q225. (d) improvised 225. (e) tremendous (a) bricks Q233. (b) emphasize 233. (c) request (a) speed (d) stress (b) pace (e) important (c) inequality Q226. (d) uniformity 226. (e) seriousness (a) through (b) across
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) sharing
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) with
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) on
blank appropriately. find out the appropr iate word in Q227. each case. 227.
Hundreds of plants and animals are ( _234 _) every day (a)made
due to deforestation and urbanization what might happen (b) comprise
if this continues in the future? The last mass extinction of (c) consisted
plant and animal species occurred 65 million years ago (d) is
with the Dinosaurs In all, five mass extinctions have (e) contained
occurred and scientists ( 235 _) earth is in sixth mass Q228.
extinction. The world as it is now is threatened, including 228.
people, who are responsible for earths (___ 236___). (a) cater
Pesticides contaminating water overharvesting of animals (b) provide
and plants air pollution illegal fishing and the clearing of (c) manage
land are direct results of urbanization and deforestation. GovernmentAdda.com
People have ( 237 _) and damaged almost half a earths 239.
land, at a very unsustainable rate, Global warming is (a) delay
having a serious impact as well. A six degree Celsius (b) birds
increase in global temperature killed 95% of all species on (c) slowdown
Earth ___251___ million years ago. An increase of six degree (d) hasten
Celsius is forecast this century if a change is not made to (e) acceleration
( 238 _) the damage done to earth. Humans will be one Q240.
of the 95% of species lost. Noticeable, changes of global 240.
warming include migration ( _239_ ) and the change in (a) spare
season timings. Migrating birds are migrating earlier, which (b) bear
in turn is causing them to hatch eggs and (___240___) young (c) destroy
earlier than they did at the beginning of this century. (d) amend
While this Is just the tip of the iceberg many other ( 241 _) (e) generation
regarding the extinction of plant and animal species need Q241.
addressing. It is more important now than ever before to 241.
pull our heads out of the sand and make changes for the (a) animals
( _242 _) of the earth. Future generations are (b) difficulty
(___243 _). as they are a species as well. (c) issues Q234. (d) humans 234. (e) problem (a) killing Q242. (b) alive 242. (c) born (a) extinction (d) left (b)better (e) lost (c) wealth Q235. (d)stigma 235. (e) demand (a) speak Q243. (b) told 243. (c) estimation (a) endangered (d)believe (b)threaten (e) consider (c) evaluated Q236. (d)living 236. (e) compared (a) shape Q244. (b) development 244. (c)deterioration (a)no (d)warmth (b) to (e) expansion (c)never Q237. (d)not 237. (e)for (a) altered (b) created
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) produced
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) made
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e)brought
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q238. each case. 238.
What Indian politicians and bureaucrats share with their (a) void
scientist, engineer and carpenter counterparts is their (b) dissipate
acceptance of mediocrity and lack of skill . The greatest (c) augment
moral failure of Indian institutions is the tolerance of (d) reverse
incompetence. ( 244___) criminal ity or corruption. The (e) increase
tolerance of incompetence in (___245 _) is a result of a Q239.
low cultural value attached to the creation and (___ 246___) GovernmentAdda.com
of institutions. Institution building is hard work it requires Q249.
a combination of vision, commitment and performance. 249.
Any institution involves a contract between those who (a) suggests
( 247 _) to the institution and those who support it. The (b) akin
support can take the form of money or votes but that support (c) twosome
must be ( _248_ ) continuously. In a properly (d) centered
functioning institutional system, the Institutional contract (e) between
( 249 _) the institution members and their supporters Q250.
takes the form you give me support and I will give you 250.
results. Competence Is the channel that sustains the flow of (a) question
trust from supporters to institutions and back. If doctors (b) bolder
don’t cure will they not lose our trust ? While blaming (c) thrive
individual politicians and babus for their corrupt ways, let (d) out
us also examine the system that accepts mediocrity and (e) kill
even lets it ( 250 _).What we are seeing in India is a Q251.
case of contract failure. The contractor who bribes an 251.
official and then builds a leaky stadium is not just being (a) variant
( 251 _). He is sustaining a collusive system that (b) trivial
subverts, rules regulating mutual cooperation between (c) immature
government institutions, market players and society as a (d) corrupt
whole. In the case of endemic contract failure everyone (e) generous
( 252 _). Including the contractor, for once the public Q252.
loses its trust in institutions even businessmen will 252.
( 253 _) out on opportunities to make money. The (a) succeeds
moral status of institutions is central to continued (b) suffers development and prosperity. (c) proliferates Q245. (d) responsible 245. (e) encompasses (a) turn Q253. (b)individual 253. (c)world (a) storm (d) partly (b) venture (e)importance (c) lose Q246. (d) get 246. (e) walk (a) destruction (b) justification
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) sustenance
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) excess
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) marginalization
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q247. each case. 247.
People are as much attuned to fairness as they are to (a) belong
individual selfish interest. Therefore, any institution (b) work
regulating human behaviour will have to (___254_ ) that (c) help
the compromises between individual self-interest, (d)employed
collective interest, and fairness are all within tolerable limits. (e) trust
These tradeoffs are as (___255 _) for larger Q248.
institutions, including the largest of them all, i.e the state 248.
as they are for the Smallest ones like the family. ( _256 _) (a) returned
as parents should not repeatedly favour O ne child over (b) earned
another, the state cannot repeatedly favour one community or (c) needed
class over another. The (___ 257 _) of fairness is ingrained (d) discouraged
in our psyches. ,Since human beings often grab what they (e) asked
can, we need institutions, to ensure GovernmentAdda.com
fair ( 258 _). Of the institutions the state is the most Q260.
important, since it is ( _259 _) to ensure that basic 260.
human needs are ensured with minimal standards of fairness. (a) qualified
A state ( 260_ ) of or uninterested in ensuring equity In (b) riddled (c)
security, education, food, health and shelter is a state whose powerful (d)
legitimacy will be questioned. Further, the legitimacy of the incapable (e)
state is dependent on its being as close to a neutral umpire shortening
as possible. When the state (___ 261___) partisan, its Q261.
legitimacy can be questioned. When the state sheds the 261.
umpires clothes and becomes one of the players, the rules of (a) appears
fair play are so badly (___262 _) that we can only call (b) allow
such an event intolerable (___263___). (c) become Q254. (d)(4f recommends 254. (e) visualizes (a) demand Q262. (b) ensure 262. (c) consider (a) twist (d) regulate (b)stopped (e) encompass (c) mended Q255. (d) broken 255. (e) abated (a) important Q263. (b) Juvenile 263. (c)Insignificant (a) truth (d)supreme (b)fairness (e) part (c) injustice Q256. (d) murder 256. (e) fortune (a) Presently (b) Same
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) So
each of which has been numbered. against each (d)Like
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e)Just
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q257. each case. 257.
The world is witnessing food price turbulence again. A bad (a) opinion
drought in Russia, rising demand in the US and developing (b) judgement
countries, and Pakistan’s blighted crop prospects after its (c) end
floods are keeping prices of commodities such as cereals, (d)drama
sugar, oil and meat high. The Food and Agriculture (e) conclusion
Organizations monthly food price (___264 _) is heading Q258.
north. India is not ( _265_ ) from this problem even at 258.
the best of times. For the week that ended on ___ 11___ (a) people
September, food prices (as ( 266 _) by the Wholesale (b) dissipations
Price Index) rose by 15.86%.Given the robust demand for (c) outcomes ,
foodstuffs, a time of price volatility calls for a careful look (d) affects
at the design issues surrounding food supply management. (e) discouragements
At times, even huge food stocks are not able to (___ 267___) Q259.
rising food prices. The fault lies in how food is released to 259.
traders by government agencies such as the Food (a) stimulated
Corporation of India (FCI). This problem is apart from FCIs (b) calculated
high carrying cost of food grains. But this is not the problem (c) considered
at ( 268___).For example, under the open (d) hastened
market sales scheme (OMSS) a fixed quantity of grain, (e) designed
usually in multiples of ___10 metric tons, is sold to GovernmentAdda.com
traders, flour mills and other buyers when supplies are Q269.
( 269 _) or there is price volatility. But a combination of 269. (a)
price rigidity, terms of sale and the quantity sold under nil (b)
OMSS defeat its purpose. One reason for this is the large short
volume in the hands of very few individual buyers. This (c) plenty
( 270 _) to perverse economic incentives. Often, the (d) enough
grain sold under this scheme winds up back with food (e)(5f.least
( 271 _) agencies because of price differentials (the Q270.
price at which it is sold and the prevailing market price). 270.
This has been observed many times in states as diverse as (a) rises
Punjab and Uttar Pradesh. If the number of buyers is (b) leads
( 272 _) and the quantity sold to each buyer reduced, or (c) gives
the price fixed but the amount of grain that can be bought (d) is
kept flexible, these problems can be (___ 273___).This (e) Jumps
makes for a sensible menu of options. But it needs careful Q271.
implementation. And if, for some reason, changes are 271.
required to suit ( 274_ ) conditions in different states, (a) hoarding
the economic logic behind these ideas should not be lost (b) storing ( 275 _) of (c) supply Q264. (d) producing 264. (e) procurement (a) index Q272. (b) state 272. (c) scheme (a) controlled (d) rate (b) promoted (e) value (c) constant Q265. (d) increased 265. (e) decreased (a) affected Q273. (b) above 273. (c) immune (a) neglected (d) away (b) solve (e) separate (c) overcome Q266. (d) indicated 266. (e) highlighted (a) developed Q274. (b) Increased 274. (c) reported (a)good (d) measured (b) local (e) handled (c) all Q267. (d) similar 267. (e) bad (a) arrest Q275. (b) identify 275. (c) find (a) weight (d) slow (b) look (e) stop (c) value Q268. (d) sight 268. (e) significant (a) this (b) juncture
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) all
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) best
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) hand GovernmentAdda.com
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in 281. each case. (a) mentioning
When sound ( 276 _) the world of cinema, mime made (b) designing
a gracious exit. ( 277 _) then, it stood proudly as a (c) stimulating
performing art in itself, independent and (___ 278___)in (d) expressing
style, approach, treatment and performance not matched (e) considering
however, by( 279 _)acceptance. During the silent era, actors Q282.
in silent films had to (___280_ ) totally on mime as the 282.
only way of ( _281___) their emotions, expressions, (a) worked
incidents, events and interactions between and among (b) learnt
characters. German Expressionist cinema, the acting of (c) qualified
classic performers like Charlie Chaplin, Harold Lloyd and (d) bought
Buster Keaton used mime they had ( 282 _) as part of (e) invested
their theatrical ( 283 _) in their films with great effect. Q283.
A French mime artist once said, Mime is the poetry of 283.
silence. But once talking ( 284 _) entered the scenario, (a) experience
mime was ( 285 _) ever used in films, even though a (b) showings
character introduced as a mime artist. (c) vision Q276. (d) distance 276. (e) story (a) entered Q284. (b) came 284. (c) saw (a) toys (d) became (b) worlds (e) featured (c) films Q277. (d) people 277. (e) mimes (a) for Q285. (b) So 285. (c) Since (a) and (d) By (b) hardly (e)(5J Until (c) then Q278. (d) thus 278. (e) for (a) single (b) fair
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) dependent
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) unique
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) treacherous
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q279. each case. 279.
One big ( _286_ ) between the investments in fossil fuels (a) drama
and those in wind power, solar cells, and geothermal energy (b) conclusion
is that the latter will supply energy in (___ 287___). These (c) opinion
wells will never run dry. If the money spent on oil in one (d) judgement
year were ( 288_ ) in wind turbines, the electricity (e) popular
generated would be enough to (___289_ ) one fifth of the Q280.
world’s needs. Investments In infrastructure for the new 280.
energy economy, which would eventually have to be made (a) portray
when fossil fuels reserves (___290___) will obviously be (b) act (c)
huge. These include the transmission lines that (___ 291___) rely (d)
wind farms with electricity consumers, and the pipelines depict (e)
that link hydrogen supply sources with end-users. To a earn
substantial degree, the infrastructure for the (___ 292___) Q281.
energy sources the transmission lines for electricity from GovernmentAdda.com
coal and the pipelines for natural gas can be used in the 292.
new energy economy as well. The local pipeline (a) existing
distribution network in various cities for natural gas can (b) new
easily be ( _293_ ) to hydrogen distribution s ystem. For (c) Iatest
developing countries, the new energy sources (___ 294___) (d) old
to reduce dependence on imported oil, freeing up capital for (e) renewable
investment in domestic energy sources. (___ 295___) very Q293.
few countries have their own oil fields, most have wind and 293.
solar energy. In terms of economic expansion and job (a) supplied
generation, these new energy technologies are a godsend. (b) dispersed Q286. (c) provided 286. (d) converted (a) argument (e) used (b) change Q294. (c)exception 294. (d) issue (a)predict (e) difference (b)promise Q287. (c)pursue 287. (d) expects (a) infinity (e) created (b) perpetuity Q295. (c) extension 295. (d) reality (a) Despite (e) renewabllity (b) As Q288. (c) Owing to 288. (d) Unless (a) dissipated (e) Although (b) applied (c) drawn
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (d) invested
each of which has been numbered. against each (e) given
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the Q289.
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in 289. each case. (a) involve
Information technology, and the hardware and software ( (b) meet
_296 _) with the IT industry, are an ( 297 _) part of (c) attract
nearly (___298_ ) major global industry. IT industry has (d) complete
become one of the most robust industries in the world. IT, (e) cater
more than any other industry of economic (___299 _) has Q290.
an Increased productivity, particularly in the developed 290.
world, and therefore is a key driver of global economic (a) deplete
growth. Economies of scale and (___300 _) demand from (b) expand
both consumers and enterprises? ( 300 _) this rapidly (c) terminate
growing sector. The Information Technology Association (d) sustain
of America (ITAA) explains information technology as ( (e) cease
_302 _) all possible aspects of information systems Q291.
based on computers. Both software development and the, 291.
hardware involved in the IT industry include everything (a) provide
from computer systems, to the, design, implementation, (b) include
study and development of IT and management systems. ( (c) connect
_303 _) to its easy accessibility and the wide range of IT (d) support
products available, the demand for IT services has increased (e) links
( 304_ ) over the years. The IT sector has emerged Q292.
as a major global ( _305_ ) of both growth and employment. GovernmentAdda.com Q296. (d) In order 296. (e) Complementing (a)use Q304. (b) amalgamation 304. (c)associated (a) regularly (d) vision (b) substantially (e) regulated (c)minimally Q297. (d) exponential 297. (e) savagely (a) integral Q305. (b) fundamental 305. (c) increased (a)fortune (d) vital (b) meltdown (e) eager (c)spring Q298. (d) source 298. (e) economy (a) most (b) all
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c)every
each of which has been numbered. against each (d)few
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) some
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q299. each case. 299.
With the announcement that he would donate Rs. 8,846 (a)world
crore of his equity in the company to the philanthropic (b)opinion
trust he controls, the founder and chairman of infotech giant (c)stature
Wipro Ltd Azim Premji has set the ( 306_ ) very high (d)profit
for other mega rich businessmen of the country. The (e) facet
_28 _th richest man in the world, and India’s third Q300.
richest, could not have made a better and more sound ( 300.
_307 _) choice than this. His Azim Premji Foundation is (a)empty
already working in the rural areas of the country to (b)slowing
improve the quality of education and is not in the process of (c)decreasing
setting up a university for the poor. This (___ 308___) will be (d) unquenchable
a welcome addition to the kitty of a sector that Has the (e) unreasonable
capability to transform India but is badly handicapped due Q301.
to the lack of adequate funding. Other IT majors Infosys, 301.
MindTree, TCS and HCL also support programmes that (a)forage
support social equity. At a time when India’s economic (b) thwart
footprint on the global stage Is rising, the (___ 309___) (c)motivate
between the different strata of society has also been (d) fuelling
increasing This is riot a positive development and the (e) characterize
underprivileged sectors need to be equipped with life Q302.
skills so that they. A very basic requirement of this life 302.
skills development is to educate them and make them (a) making
employable. The fact that most of the heads of these IT (b) qualifying
majors are (___310 _) first-generation entrepreneurs (c)inclusive
( _311 _) that education, more than anything else, is a (d)encompassing
great leveler. At the same time, the improved economic (e)trusting
conditions will also pus h, up people into the middleclass Q303.
bracket and make India a much more attractive market. 303.
According to Forbes, which keeps a tab oil the (___ 312___) (a) Owing
of the rich and famous, India has 69___ billionaires. Yet (b) Since
how many consider ( 313 _) as a priority when it comes (c) Catering
to spending ? In dusliy reports indicate that Indians spend GovernmentAdda.com
about Rs. 30,000 crore a year on charitable (___314___) Q312.
and this includes the money spent by companies on their 312.
corporate social responsibility programmes. This Is not (a)business
( 315 _) and Indians, especially the corporate czars, (b)areas
have much more ability to give. In a foreword to Corporate (c)activities
Social Responsibility in India, MS Swaminathan correctly (d)purses says
Just as good ecology is good business, good (e) life
philanthropy will also be good business in the (___ 316___) Q313.
term. Should the country institutionalize CSR interventions 313.
to deal ( 317___) malnutrition, education, health, (a) philanthropy
employment and poverty ? The government would (b) donations
welcome a helping hand, wouldn’t it ? (c) philosophy Q306. (d) spirituality 306. (e) helping (a) expectations Q314. (b)parameters 314. (c) status (a) types (d)bar (b) causes (e) task (c) trusts Q307. (d) donations 307. (e) costs (a) investment Q315. (b) profit 315. (c)decision (a) enough (d) significant (b) expected (e)basic , (c) correct Q308. (d) less 308. (e) required (a)take Q316. (b)interest 316. (c)step (a) financial (d)cause (b) social (e) endowment (c) long Q309. (d) final 309. (e) short (a)status Q317. (b)income 317. (c)growth (a) against (d)system (b) with (e) gap (c) in Q310. (d) of 310. (e) off (a)seldom (b)consider
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c)not
each of which has been numbered. against each (d)themselves
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) promoting
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q311. each case. 311.
The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (a)promotes
(RTE) Act, 2009, which came (___318 _) effect in April (b)places
this year, is meant to transform the education sector and (c)proves
take India closer to the goal of universal schooling But with (d)defy
admissions to the new academic session just (___ 319___) (e) steps
the comer, it is fast becoming clear that ( 320 _) well- GovernmentAdda.com
intentioned ideas into ( _321 ) will take some doing. 322.
For a start, the guidelines for admissions under the RTE (a) benefit
prohibit schools from conducting any sort of student (b) merit
profiling. The stress on a random yet justifiable admission (c) chance
process means that schools will have to resort to (d) basis
something as quirky as a lottery system. However, leaving (e) method
admission to a good school to pure (___322_ ) will only Q323.
incentivise manipulations, defeating the very essence of 323.
RTE. The main problem facing the education sector is that (a) Unless
of a resource crunch. The provisions for ensuring universal (b) until
access to education are all very well, ( _323___) we have (c) executed
the infrastructure in place first. Brick and mortar schools (d) provided
need to precede open admission and not the (___324___) (e) exercised
way around. In that sense, legislators assessment of ground Q324.
realities is (___325_ ) target when they endorse the 324.
closure of tens of thousands of lowcost private schools for (a) other
not meeting the minimum standards of land plot, building (b) any specifications and— CLOZETEST playground area as (c) two
laid out in the RTE Act. Instead of bearing down ( 326 (d) differ
_) on private schools for falling to conform to abstract (e) after bureaucratic
criteria, efforts to bring sibout Q325.
universal education should focus on upgrading and 325.
expanding the existing government school infrastructure (a) on
to accommodate all . Only then can we ensure the much (b) of
needed supplydemand (___327 _) in the education sector. (c) often Q318. (d) taken 318. (e) off (a) with Q326. (b) for 326. (c) on (a) soft (d) into (b) more (e) in (c) less Q319. (d) only 319. (e) hard (a) around Q327. (b) near 327. (c) into (a) need (d) about (b) equilibrium (e) reaching (c) expectation Q320. (d) attempt 320. (e) aspects (a) forming (b) translating
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) having
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) taking
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) framing
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q321. each case. 321.
The ( 328 _) of India as an economic superpower Is not (a) affect
reflected in the ( 329 _) of life enjoyed by its 1.2 billion (b) ideas (c)
citizens according to the Human Development Index which ( practice (d)
_330 _) India very low among ___182___ countries. In concept (e)
our performance oriented world, measurement issues have procedure
taken on (___331_ ) importance as what we measure Q322.
affects what we do. In fact the French President has GovernmentAdda.com established an international commission on the (b)unless
Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress (c)because
owing to his (___332 _) and that of others with the (d)against
current state of statistical information about the economy (e) Whether
and society. The big question concerns ( 333 _) Q334.
Gross Domestic Product, (GDP) provides a good measure 334.
of living standards. In many cases GDP statistics seem to ( (a)suggest
334_ ) that the economy is doing far better than most (b)Recommend
citizens feel it is. Moreover the focus on GDP creates (c)think
conflicts while political leaders are told to maximise it, (d)point
citizens also demand that ( 335 _) be paid to enhancing (e) refer
security, reducing air, water and noise pollution all of Q335.
which actually (___336_ ) GDP growth. Statistics are ( 335.
337_ ) to summarise what is going on in our complex (a)compensation
society, it is therefore obvious that we can’t reduce (b)respect
everything to a single number GDP. (c)debt Q328. (d)attention 328. (a)tribute (e) expense (b)pursuit Q336. (c)perception 336. (d)1conversion (a)Recover (e) title (b)lower Q329. (c)attain 329. (d)decline (a)loss (e) shrunk (b)quality Q337. (c)spirit 337. (d)span (a)inferred (e) Joy (b)difficult Q330. (c)interpret 330. (d)reveal (a)counted (e)intended (b)scored (c)qualified
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (d)regard
each of which has been numbered. against each (e) ranked v
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the Q331.
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in 331. each case. (a)negligible
It is noteworthy that the prime ministers working group set (b)great
up to suggest longterm solutions to (___338_ ) the (c)unduly
graying demand for affordable food has acknowledged the (d)trivial
use of biotechnology as integral to a second Green (e) considerably
Revolution. Although Indian agriculture serves as a good Q332.
example of incorpo rating hybrid varieties of highyielding 332.
crops, the attitude towards geneticall y modified or (a)obedience
transgenic food has been sceptical. Bt cotton is the only ( (b)confidence
_339 _) crop currently approved for (___340_ ) in (c)belief
India. Bt brinjal is under moratorium for commercial (d)dissatisfaction
release. In a country where 65 _ per cent of agricultural land (e) Compliance
is still (___341 _) on the monsoon, there needs to be far Q333.
greater investment in biotechnology driven solutions tp. in, 333.
crease yields True, there are valid health and environment ( (a)that
342 _) regarding the adoption of GM crops. It is for this
reason that adequate ( _343 _) need S GovernmentAdda.com
to be in place to ensure consumer i safety. But an (c) safeguards
( 344 _) rejection of genetically modified food would be (d) research
( 345 _) i to the country’s food security. ,Given the huge (e) alerts
deficit between demand and production, there is an urgent Q344.
need to adopt a (___346 _) approach to agriculture. Brazil 344.
serves as a good example. Over the last 40 years the South (a) accurate
American nation has scripted an agricultural revolution in (b) hasty
the dry plains of the country by providing basic inputs on a (c) absurd
large scale and vigorously adopting GM crops. There is no (d) outright
rea son why India can’t ( _347 _) this. Storage and (e) honest i
delivery is the other side of the problem that can be Q345.
significantly mitigated by policy decisions that allow for 345.
greater FDI in retail. Scientific innovations combined with (a) risk
a farsighted farm to fork agriculture strategy are the (b) beneficial
answer to India’s growing food needs. (c) attestation Q338. (d) acrimonious 338. (e) detrimental (a) meet (b) Q346. suggest (c) 346. complete (d) (a) thoughtful seek (b) middle (e) recommend (c) holistic Q339. (d) hybrid 339. (e) balance (a) proved Q347. (b) invented 347. (c) high yielding (a) replicate (d) genetic (b) test (e) organic (c) overcome Q340. (d) condemn 340. (e) simulate (a) research (b) hybrid
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) release
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) launch
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) cultivation
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q341. each case. 341.
The economics of owning and running a Ration Shop, the (a) tilled
familiar name for the outlets in our Public Distribution (b) dependent
System (PDS), are such that under normal business terms, (c) depends
the shop owner could never make a profit. Yet, (___348___) (d) independent
The government announces that new permits for ration (e) available1 1
shops will be given out, there is frenzy in the market to Q342.
grab one of these. ( 349 _) ? The answer is obvious the 342.
business is not for the honest and if one knows the ( _350 (a) concerns
_), there is a fortune to be made. What are these tricks of (b) protests
the trade? Getting fake names into the user 1 list is the (c) factors
most obvious option the State seems to be ( _351 _) a (d) yields
losing battle against this practice, judging by the endless (e) areas
efforts to weed out bogus registrations. The next is to get Q343.
the right customers on the list, not just more customers. 343.
These are people who are registered but who do not (a) Warnings have any interest in ( 352_ ) on their (b) features
entitlements. In a system where caste and income GovernmentAdda.com
certificates are for sale, it is not (___353 _) to produce (c) difficult
these documents for mutual benefit. Receipts are duly (d) simple
made in their names, and the, rations thus drawn are (e) enough
( 354 _) off into the open market. The sale price of an item Q354.
like rice makes clear the (___355_ ) economics it costs 354.
? , 8 in a ration shop while in the latter it is ? 30 or above. (a) sell
There are also customers who would rather exchange their (b) borrowed
entitlements for hard cash at the , beginning of the month. (c) donated
As the degradation progresses, the shop keeper, in ( 356 _) (d) bought
with the official machinery, manages to withhold (e) siphoned
effectively the entitlements from even the genuine Q355.
beneficiaries, and diverts them to the open market. The 355.
targeted group is usually not in a position to (___357_ ) (a) understood
itself to get1 its due. And thus one has all (___358 _) of a (b) poor good PDS business. (c) underlying Q348. (d) mechanical 348. (e) unclear (a) whenever Q356. (b) quickly 356. (c) just (a) meeting (d) as soon (b) collusion (e) time (c) flow Q349. (d) show 349. (e) linej (a) What Q357. (b) When 357. (c) Where (a) ask (d) Why (b) voiced (e) How (c) assert Q350. (d) deliver 350. (e) willful (a) lying Q358. (b) people 358. (c) sprouting (a) things (d) hard work (b) ingredients (e) ropes (c) dictate Q351. (d) component 351. (e)facet (a) attempt (b) waging
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) winning
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) expecting
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) trying
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q352. each case. 352.
Can an experiment conceived, carried out, and reported in (a) harping
kids speak with pencil coloured figures and handwritten (b) discussing
tables by school children aged 8 to 10 years get published (c) realizing
in a highly rated international journal following a peer (d) drawing
reviewing process? Twenty seven schoolchildren from a (e) giving ,.
Primary School In U.K. have proved this is (___ 359_ ) — if Q353.
a simple but novel scientific question raised is (___ 360___) 353.
in a scientific way. Their paper wits published in the Royal (a) easy
Society’s Biology Letters journal. Thei r (___361 _) was (b) must
that bumblebees can use a combination of colour and GovernmentAdda.com
spatial relationships in deciding which colour of flower to (c) visual
forage from. Considering that our understanding of how (d) demands
bees perceive coloured patterns and scenes is inadequate, (e) perception
this inspiring outcome has shown that schoolchildren guided Q364.
by gifted teachers can think and (___362 _) out 364.
experiments like any hardwired scientist. For these, kids, (a) revolutionary
doing science changed their ( 363_ ) of the Subject. (b) radical
Science also became cool and fun. This refres hing (c) rote
approach turns the spotlight on the best methods of (d) adequate
teaching science. The ( 364 _) learning system adopted (e) bore
by most schools in India, even classroom study combined Q365.
with some laboratory work with predefined outcomes, 365.
does very little to ( 365 _) curiosity and interest in science. (a) stimulate
Is that one of the ( _366___) why out of the box thinking (b) simulate
that produces path breaking science rarefy comes out of (c) make
Indian laboratories? The children at the U.K. school had (d) peek
their gifted teacher to guide them. Scientists fro m India’s (e) judge
space and atomic energy departments and in some other Q366.
places where serious science is done can take a ( 367 366.
_) out of the schools book and (___ 368 _) the way in (a) cause
engaging with school pupils and getting them to do real (b) root science. (c) reasons Q359. (d) issues 359. (e) sources (a) done Q367. (b) unlikely 367. (c) potential (a) thread (d) promising (b) leaf (e) possible (c) example Q360. (d) look 360. (e) pages (a) questioned Q368. (b) said 368. (c) retorted (a) lead (d) answered (b) start (e) address (c) deliver Q361. (d) paved 361. (e) ahead (a) question (b) finding
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) methodology
each of which has been numbered . against each (d) result
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) studies
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q362. each case. 362.
Depending upon how humanity chooses to use it, technology (a) wage
can enhance or ( _369_ ) any aspect of life. The realm (b) create
of interpersonal communication generally feels this impact (c) execute
first. Many times throughout history, humanity has changed (d) carry
its modes of communication as society itself has ( (e) attempt
370___). As people began to spread out Q363.
geographically, verbal communication turned to writing to 363.
make It more (___371_ ). Then, people invented ways of (a) option
carrying both conversation and written communication (b) lives
between their communities to keep in ( 372 _) with one GovernmentAdda.com
another as travel became simpler. With the advent of the (d) try
telephone, people began to wonder if picking up the receiver (e) turn
to call one another would eventually (___ 373___) out other Q374.
forms of communication. So far. as families and friends have 374.
moved away from one another, the telephone, even its (a) maintain
cellular form, has allowed humanity to (___ 374___) the (b) teleport
necessary links among its members. Naturally, now that (c) cut
computers, instant and text messaging, and other forms of (d) curb
communication have found their way into the world, people (e) regulation
not familiar with these technologies wonder what they will Q375.
do to the human race. Etiquette experts and those raised on 375.
writing formal letters often (___ 375___) that email and text (a) dominate
message lingo will replace the language of pen and paper. (b) elate
This will not (___376_ ), and both methods of (c) worry
communication can survive to enhance humans enjoyment (d) says
of one another’s company if the next generation learns how (e) mentioning
to ( _377___) both. Each form of communication can Q376.
survive with its own rules as people learn which situations in 376.
life ( 378 _) for which level of formality and which of the (a) agree
people they s pend time with can connect better with which (b) happen type of language. (c) occurred Q369. (d) exist 369. (e) possible (a) depressed Q377. (b) finish 377. (c) problem (a) forms (d) hinder (b) prove (e) featured (c) accomplish Q370. (d) study 370. (e) example (a) evolved Q378. (b) destroyed 378. (c) pledged (a) correlates (d) extinguished (b) same (e) waited (c) Jump Q371. (d) stands 371. (e) call (a) expensive (b) subjective
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) easier
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) loud
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) portable
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q372. each case. 372.
As the country embarks on planning (___379___) the 12th (a) lines
Plan (2012-17) period, a key question mark (___380___) (b)faith
hangs over the process is on the energy requirements. (c) distance
Growth is energy hungry, and the aspirations of growing at (d) touch
910% will ( 381_ ) huge demands on the energy (e) check
resources of the country. In thi s energy Jigsaw, renewable Q373.
energy will ( 382_ ) like never before in the 12th Plan 373. and ( 383 _).By
the rule of the thumb, India will ( (a) pushed
_384 _) about 100 gigawatts (Gw) 100,000 megawatts of (b) cancel
capacity addition in the next five years. Encouraging trends (c) shells
on energy efficiency and sustained (___385___) by GovernmentAdda.com
some parts of the government the Bureau of Energy (c) next
Efficiency in particular needs to be complimented for this (d) after
have led to substantially lesser energy intensity of (e) earlier
economic growth. However, even the tempered demand Q384.
numbers are ( _388_ ) to be below 80 Gw. As against this 384.
need the coal supply from domestic sources is unlikely to (a) waste
support more than 25 Gw equivalent capacity. Imported coal (b)require (c)
can add some more, but at a much (___387_ ) cost. highlight
Gasbased electricity generation is unlikely to contribute (d)generate
anything substantial in view of the unprecedented gas supply (e) consumed
challenges. Nuclear will be (___388 ) in the Q385.
foreseeable future. Between imported coal, gas, large 385.
hydro and nuclear, ho more than 1520Gw equivalent can be (a) structures (___389_ )
to be added in the five year time (b)efforts
block.(___390_ ) (___391_ ) this, capacity addition in the (c) projections
renewable energy based power generation has touched (d)practices
about 3Gw a year. In the coming five years, the overall (e) developmental
capacity addition in the electricity grid (___392___) Q386.
renewable energy is likely to range between 20Gw and 386.
25Gw. Additionally, over and above the grid based capacity, (a) sure
off grid electric places and (___393 _) lives where grid (b)unsure
based electricity supply has miserably failed. (c) unexpected Q379. (d)unlikely 379. (e) likely (a) against Q387. (b) for 387. (c) onwards (a) nominal (d)at (b)excelled (e) on (c) higher Q380. (d)lower 380. (e) expected (a) that Q388. (b) Inside 388. (c) always (a) failure1 (d) who (b)success (e) where (c) dangerous Q381. (d)maximum 381. (e) marginal (a) forward Q389. (b) subject 389. (c) place (a) certain (d) demand (b)linked (e) replace (c) remarked Q382. (d)expected 382. (e) sure (a) pass Q390. (b) publish 390. (c) feature (a) When (d) find, (b) But (e) light (c) However Q383. (d) If 383. (e) As (a) likewise Q391. (b) publicity 391. GovernmentAdda.com (a) for (b) whether (b)with (c) and (c) is (d) for (d)ever (e) hardly (e) against Q396. Q392. 396. 392. (a) created (a) through (b) bent (b)project (c) pressured (c) versus (d) risen (d)against (e) stopped r (e) capacity Q397. Q393. 397. 393. (a) distanced (a) lightening (b) affected (b)making (c) exaggerated (c) touching (d) advanced (d)saving (e) cropped (e) generating Q398.
( 394 _) over the world, rights related to i nformation 398.
technology that are already legally recognised are daily being (a) engage
violated, ( 395_ ) In the name of economic (b) conflict
advancement, political stability or for personal greed and (c) war
Interests. Violations of these rights have (___396 _) new (d) combat
problems in human social systems, such as the digital (e) struggle
divide, cybercrime, digital security and privacy concerns, all Q399.
of which have ( 397___) peoples lives either directly or 399.
indirectly. It is important that countries come up with the (a) But
guidelines for action to (___398_ ) the incidences of (b) More
malicious attacks on the confidentiality, integrity and (c) Addition
availability of electronic data and systems, computer (d) Beside
related crimes, content related offenses and violations of (e) Further
intellectual property rights. ( _399_ ). threats to critical Q400.
infrastructure and national Interests arising from the use 400.
of the internet for criminal and terrorist activities are of (a) concern
growing ( _400 _). The harm incurred to businesses, (b) nature
governments and individuals in those countries in which the (c) pattern
internet Is used ( 401 _), is gaining in (___402___) and (d) important
importance, while in other countries cyber crime threatens (e) matter
the application of information and communication Q401.
technology for government services, health care, trade, 401.
and banking. As users start losing ( 403 _) in online (a) really
transactions and business, the opportunity costs may (b) figuratively become substantial (c) widely Q394. (d) never 394. (e) tandem (a) Entire Q402. (b) Lot 402. (c) Great (a) fear (d) All (b) days (e) Much (c) positivity Q395. (d) width 395. (e) scope (a) scarcely Q403. GovernmentAdda.com 403. (a) distanced (a) tracks (b) (b) affected measure (c) (c) exaggerated confidence (d) (d) advanced mind (e) cropped (e) grip Q408.
( 404 _) over the world, rights related to information 408.
technology that are already legally recognised are daily being (a) engage
violated, ( 405___) in the name of economic (b) conflict
advancement, political stability or for personal greed and (c) war
interests. Violations of these rights have (___ 406 _) new (d) combat
problems in human social systems, such as the digital (e) struggle
divide, cybercrime, digital security and privacy concerns, all Q409.
of which have ( 407___) people’s lives either directly or 409.
indirectly. It is important that countries come up with the (a) But
guidelines for action to (___408 _) the incidences of (b) More
malicious attacks on the confidentiality, integrity and (c) Addition
availability of electronic data and systems, computer (d) Beside
related crimes, content related offenses and violations of (e) Further
intellectual property rights, (___409___) threats to critical Q410.
infrastructure and national interests arising from the use 410.
of the internet for criminal and terrorist activities are of (a)concern
growing ( _410_ ). The harm incurred to businesses, (b) nature
governments and individuals in those countries in which the (c) pattern
internet is used ( 411 _) is gaining in (___412___) and (d) important
importance, while in other countries cyber crime threatens (e) matter
the application of information and communication Q411.
technology for government services, health care, trade, 411.
and banking. As users start losing ( 413 _) in online (a) really
transactions and business, the opportunity costs may (b) figuratively become substantial. (c) widely Q404. (d) never 404. (e) tandem (a) Entire Q412. (b) Lot 412. (c) Great (a) fear (d) All (b) days (e) Much) CLOZE TEST J (c) positivity Q405. (d) width 405. (e) scope (a) scarcely Q413. (b) whether 413. (c) and (a) tracks (b) (d) for measure (c) (e) hardly confidence (d) Q406. mind 406. (e) grip (a) created (b) bent
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) pressured
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) risen
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) stopped
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q407. each case. 407. GovernmentAdda.com
I wanted to (_ 414 _) myself a sweater. When I asked my 419.
mother for some wool, she directed me to the old cloth bag (a) that
under the stairs. This was the bag ( 415 _) which my mother (b) than
had over the years ( _416___) all the remains from (c) more
sweaters, scarves, cardigans and gloves that she had knitted (d) those
for herself ( 417_ ) the family. When I opened the bag (e) also
1 screamed What a mess I All the wool had tangled itself into Q420.
a huge knot. I said to my mother, It’s hopeless. All the wool 420.
is so badly mixed. (___418 _) can I even detangle it, let (a) With
alone knit a sweater from It. She smiled and said Its easier ( (b) Along
419 _) you think. All you have to do is look for the easiest (c) Where
knot and undo that. (___ 420 ) that is done, the next knot (d) Then
will be easier. Just keep on doing this, until all the wool is (e) Once
unravelled. I ( 421 _) as my — mother had told me to, Q421.
and sooner than I had thought, the wool started to loosen 421.
and different colours (___ 422_ ) to emerge. Very soon, (a) try
instead of one huge untidy bunch of wool I had several neat (b) follow
balls in ( 423_ ) of me. (c) decided Q414. (d) did 414. (e) listened (a) own Q422. (b) does 422. (c) have, (a)began (d) prepared (b)see (e) knit (c)could Q415. (d)came 415. (e) starts (a) from Q423. (b) on 423. (c) to (a)search (d) for (b)reward (e) in (c)close Q416. (d)front 416. (e) awe (a) put (b) keep
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) managed
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) instilled
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) hide
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q417. each case. 417.
A mobile phone is no ( 424 ) a simple device to make calls. It (a) and
has ( 425_ ) the hub for all your activities from (b) with
emailing and browsing to paying bills and transferring (c) apart
money. Banks may have been the first to (___426 _) their (d) aside
feet into this technological pool, but telecom companies have (e) beside
( 427___) to catch up. The RBIs step to remove the Q418.
50,000 cap that it had ( 428 _) earlier on daily much 418.
needed ( 429 _) to mobile banking. Mobile banking ( _430 (a) How
_) you to conduct financial transactions on your phone (b) What
just as you would at a bank branch or through Net banking. (c) Where
Banks are now evolving this facility as they launch (d) Why
innovative products. For (___431 _). A Bank’s cash to (e) Which
mobile service ( _432___) customers to transfer money to Q419.
anybody, including those who do not have a bank GovernmentAdda.com
account. A bank customer can download the banks 430.
application on his phone and then put in the phone (a) forces
number of the person to whom he wants to send the (b) places
money, along with the transaction amount. The bank will (c) remits
send a message to the remitter and the beneficiary along (d) allows
with different PINs to each. The remitter will have to (e) makes
message his PIN to the beneficiary, who can then use both Q431.
PINs and his mobile number to withdraw cash from the 431.
respective Bank ATM. The service is (___433 ) but (a) examples
operator charges will apply. Also, the sender will need a (b) instance Java enabled handset. (c) together Q424. (d) now 424. (e) today (a) longer Q432. (b) much 432. (c) anymore (a) permit (d) doubt (b) suggests (e) sooner (c) facilitated Q425. (d) attempts 425. (e) enables (a) become Q433. (b) been 433. (c) changed (a) expensive (d) made (b) there (e) transformed (c) costly Q426. (d) free 426. (e) inaccessible (a) dip (b) stand
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) wash
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) touch
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) pick
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q427. each case. 427.
Greenhouse gases are only ( _434_ ) of the story when it (a) try
comes to global warming. Changes to one part of the (b) not
climate system can ( 435 _) additional changes to the (c) begun
way the planet absorbs or reflects energy. These (d) made
secondary changes are ( 436 _) climate feedbacks and (e) soon
they could more than double the amount Of warming Q428.
caused by carbon dioxide alone. The primary feedbacks are ( 428.
437_ ) to snow and ice, water vapour, clouds, and the (a) sanctioned
carbon cycle. Perhaps the most well (___ 438___) (b) festered
feedback comes from melting s now and ice in the Northern (c) imposed
Hemisphere. Warming temperatures are already ( _439 _) (d) cooked
a growing percentage of Arctic sea ice, exposing (e) built
dark ocean water during the ( 440___) sunlight of Q429.
summer. Snow cover on land is also (___ 441_ ) in many 429.
areas. In the ( _442 _) of snow and ice, these areas go (a) breaking
from having bright, sunlight reflecting surfaces that cool (b) fact
the planet to having dark, sunlight absorbing surfaces that ( (c) pushed
_443 _) more energy into the Earth system and cause (d) drop more wanning. (e) boost Q434. Q430. 434. GovernmentAdda.com (a) whole Q442. (b) part 442. (c) material (a) progress (d) issue (b) reduced (e) most (c) existence Q435. (d) midst 435. (e) absence (a) raise Q443. (b) brings 443. (c) refer (a) repel (d) stop (b) waft (e) cause (c) monitor Q436. (d) bring 436. (e) access (a) sensed (b) called
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) nothing
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) but
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) term
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q437. each case. 437.
Twenty years ( 444 _) now, nearly 60% of the world’s (a) due
population will live in urban areas. The impact of (b) results (c)
urbanization might not all be positive on India as urban reason (d)(41
expansion is happening at a much (___445_ ) rate than those (e)(5J
infrastructure expansion. Sustainability issues need to be ( because Q438.
_446 _) so that economic development is not at the ( 438.
_447 _) of public health. Some urban services that (a)done
ought to be in ( 448 _) in a city like water, electricity, (b) known
transport etc. need special consideration. TERI has put (c) ruled
together a detailed report that ( _449 _) Sustain ability (d) bestowed
in the provision of basic urban services in Indian (e) said
cities.( 450 _) public transport is a major reason fpr the Q439.
proliferation of private vehicles on the road. Respiratory 439.
illness in children living in urban areas is on the ( _451 _) (a) mastering
with, more cases of Asthma being (___452___) because of (b) sending
pollution. The future of cities of Indian dreams depends on (c) melting
(___453_ ) we can build better cities today. (d)(4J calming Q444. (e) increasing 444. (a) Q440. till 440. (b)since (a) makeshift (c) from (b) ceasing (d)after (c) troubled (e) on (d) perpetual Q445. (e) absenti 445. Q441. (a) faster 441. (b)slower (a) decreasing (c) changed (b)manufactured (d)speed (c)descending (e) quick (d)generating Q446. (e)supplied 446. (a) speculated GovernmentAdda.com (b)believed (c)
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, imagined
each of which has been numbered. against each (d)considered
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) understand
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q447. each case. 447.
Indian culture is rich and (___454_ ) and as a result (a) payment
unique in its very own way. Our manners, way of (b) rate
communicating with one another, etc are one of the (c) costs
important components of our culture. Even though we (d) charge
have accepted modem means of living, improved our (e) expense
lifestyle, our values and beliefs still remain unchanged. A Q448.
person Can change his way of clothing, way of eating and 448.
living but the rich values in a person always (___ 455___) (a) abundance
unchanged because they are deeply rooted within Our (b) large
hearts, mind, body and soul which we rec eive from our (c) functional
culture. Indian culture ( 456 ) guests as god and serves (d) vicinity
them and takes care of them as if they are a part and parcel (e) location
of the family itself. Even though we don’t have anything to Q449.
eat, the guests are never left hungry and are always looked 449.
after by the members of the family. Elders and the respect (a) bring
for elders is a major component in Indian culture. Elders are (b) emphasizes
the ( 457_ ) force for any family and hence the love and (c) speculates
respect for elders comes from ( 458 _) and is not artificial. (d) postulates
An (___459 _) takes blessings from his elders by touching (e) requests
their feet. Elders drill and pass on the Indian culture within Q450.
us as we grow. Respect one another is another lesson that is 450.
taught from the books of Indian culture. All people are alike (a) Good
and respecting one another is ones duty. In foreign (b) Competent
countries the relation (___ 460_ ) the boss and the (c) Absence
employee is like a ( _461_ ) and slave and is purely (d) Inadequate
monetary whereas in Indian culture the relation between the (e) Sufficient
boss and the employee is more like homely relations Q451.
unlike foreign countries. Helpful nature is 451.
another ( _462 _) feature in our Indian culture. Right (a) multiplication
from our early days of childhood we are taught to help one (b) expansion
another ( 463_ ) help and distress. If not monetary then (c) rise
at least in kind or nonmonetary ways. Indi an culture tells (d) inflation
us to multiply and distribute joy and happiness and share (e) grow
sadness and pain. It tells us that by all this we can develop Q452.
cooperation and better living amongst ourselves and 452.
subsequently make this world a better place to live in. (a) produced
Even though India is a country of various religions and (b) develop
caste our culture tells us just one thing phir bhi dil hai (c) composed Hindustani. (d) resulted Q454. 454. (e) reported Q453. (a) diverse (b) 453. averse (c)poor (a) if (d)reconciliatory (b) whether (e)reverse Q455. (c) unless 455. (d) provided (e) weather (a) remains GovernmentAdda.com (b) remain 463. (c) remaining (a) for need (d) reverent (b) needful (e) reformed (c) in need of Q456. (d) for want of 456. (e) required (a) ill-treat (b) deals in
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) treats
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) treated
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) behave
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q457. each case. 457.
With the U.S. military tied down on two fronts and the rest of (a)diversive
the world growing ( _464 ) to American power, the (b) driven
challenges for Rice are as ( 465___) as they have been for (c)devastating
any Secretary of State in the past three decades. After six (d)deriving
years of tussling with others on Bush’s national security (e) driving
team, Rice has seen off her rivals and ( _466_ ) as the Q458.
principal spokesperson for Bush’s foreign policy. Her 458.
reward has been to ( 467 _) responsibility for selling a (a) within
failed policy in Iraq and framing a legacy for Bush at a time (b)surrounding
when ( 468 _) in the world are in the mood to help her. (c)proximity
Bush is severely ( 469 _) and has very little credibility (d)outside
or support at home or abroad, says Leslie Gelb, former (e)outsourcing
president of the Council on Foreign Relations. That is ( Q459.
_470 _) true for his Secretary of State. So they are 459.
basically flailing around. That’s a grim assessment, since (a) Individual
the ( 471 _) to international order are bigger today (b) illiterate
than at any other time since the end of the cold war. The most (c) enriched
immediate source of ( _472___) emanates from Iraq, where (d) elder
the country’s civil war risks(___473_ ) a region wide (e)individuals conflict. Q460. Q464. 460. 464. (a) among (a) resistant (b) with (b) subservient (c) between (c) immune (d) of (d) cordial (e) in (e) indifference Q461. Q465. 461. 465. (a) master (a) obvious (b) zamindar (b) trivial (c)owner (c) superfluous (d)warden (d) daunting (e) employer (e) rewarding Q462. Q466. 462. 466. (a) stricken (a) renamed (b) striking (b) emerged (c) negative (c) appointed (d) damnable (d) visited (e) horrifying (e) entrusted Q463. Q467. GovernmentAdda.com 467.
The ( 474 _) of losing your job is getting smaller and (a) shirk
smaller. As economy has improved and employers have ( (b) avoid
_475 _) confidence, companies have been steadily (c) transfer
shedding fewer workers. The trend means greater job (d) inherit
security and suggests a critical turning point in the (e) visualize
economic recovery. It ( 476 _) the hope that workers Q468.
pay will finally accelerate after grinding through a sluggish 468.
recovery for the past half decade. When the economy, ( (a) people
_477 _) into recession at the end of 2007, employers (b) few
cut deeply into their staffs. And then during the recovery, (c) diplomats
they hired only (___478_ ). Instead, they sought to (d) autocrats
maximize the productivity of their existing employees . But (e) most
in recent months, the picture has ( 479_ ). Employers Q469.
have added 200,000plus jobs for five straight months, and 469.
the unemployment rate has reached 6.1 percent, the (a) Intensified
lowest since 2008. Now, the steadily declining level of (b)masterminded
layoffs suggests that employers may have to hire even more ( (c)weakened
_480_ ) and raise pay if they want to expand their (d)projected
businesses. The shortage of laid off workers searching for (e)supported
jobs means that more companies may need to pay more to ( Q470.
_481 _) talent. Other data confirm that across the 470.
economy, job cuts have reached unusually low levels. Total (a) not
layoffs in May dropped below prerecession levels. Still, while layoffs have fallen (b)uniformly
7.5 percent this year, actual hiring (c) remotely
has increased just 3 percent. Thats a big reason the job (d)partially
market might not seem as healthy as the series of strong
monthly net job gains might suggest. Even so, more people (e)also
with Jobs means more people with paychecks, which tends to Q471. 471.
( 482_ ) consumer spending and growth. After a sharp ( (a) admirations
483 _) in the economy ill the first three months
of the year, most economists expect growth to exceed a (b) threats 3
percent annual pace in the second half of (c)pleasantries 2014. (d) demands Q474. (e) accolades 474. Q472. (a) risk 472. (b) dangerous (a)instability (c) risky (b)fuel (d) prosperity (c)energy (e) aspect (d)peace Q475. (e)atrocity 475. Q473. (a) regain (b) 473. regained (c)been (a) defusing regained (d)been (b)demolishing lost (c)terminating (e) lost (d)igniting Q476. (e)extinguishing 476. (a) raised
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (b) rose
each of which has been numbered. against each (c) raises
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (d) diminishes
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (e)decreased each case. Q477. GovernmentAdda.com 477.
There is already an extensive empirical literature often using (a) sink
growth accounts that (___484___) these and other (b)sank
aspects of India’s economic growth. Many of the studies ( (c) float
_485 _) one or more of the following topics. First, a (d)swam
number of analysts ( 486 _) focused on characterizing (e) floated
Indias economic performance at the most aggregate level. Q478.
While there is agreement that growth did indeed improve 478.
during the past quarter century, researchers have reached (a) hesitating
varying conclusions on some issues such as the timing and (b) peacefully
precise magnitude of this acceleration, and the relative (c)confidently
importance of changes in domestic policy There are (d)rare
ongoing discussions over the extent to which the current (e)hesitantly
growth can be maintained and various means by ( _487 _) Q479.
it might be increased. Second, analysts have examined 479.
the behavior of particular output sectors. A number of (a) brightened
authors have studied productivity in manufacturing reaching (b) shining
a wide range of conflicting conclusions. However, as expl (c)dooming
ained in detail by Goldar and Mitra (2002), differences in (d) brightening
the findings can be (___488___) to a variety of measurement (e)doomed
issues, such as the use of singe versus double deflation to Q480.
construct estimates of real growth1 in manufacturing value 480.
added. Goldar (2004) provides a careful recent update (a) aggressively
showing that TFP growth in manufacturing ( _489_ ) to (b)aggression
have slowed in the post reform period raising additional (c) faithful
puzzles discussed below. However, ( 490 ) difficulties (d)hesitant
in measuring employment within individual indus tries, (e)confidentially
our analysis focuses ( _491_ ) on the broader industrial Q481.
sector. The 3 studies that focus on India’s services sector 481.
(many of which discuss the issue of sustainability), and (a) subtract
those that discuss agriculture, are discussed in the body of (b) attract
the paper. Given the large body of prior research, many of the (c)attracting
results to be discussed below ( _492 _) already well (d) detract
known to those in the field. Nonetheless, this paper seeks to (e) demean
make a contribution to drat literature in a variety of ways. In Q482.
particular, the growth accounting framework, combined 482.
with our emphasis on data issues, pulls together concerns (a) strong
that have typically been treated separately, and in some (b) weak
cases, raise, implications that do not appear to have been ( (c) weakening
_493 _) recognized. Our updated growth accounts (d) boosting
incorporate recent data revisions, some of which are quite (e) boost
large. They also provide new estimates for the Q483.
contributions to overall growth of labor productivity 483.
growth within the major economic sectors Versus the (a) contraction
gains from real location of labor and capital among the (b) contract
factors. Furthermore, we have examined a variety of (c) contracting
additional data in our analysis of the role of capital (d) expand
accumulation providing estimates of the returns to (e) expanding
schooling for human capital, and reporting on trends in
sectoral saving and investment, for physical capital. Thus,
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks,
this paper is comprised of four remaining sections. The
each of which has been numbered. against each
next section details the construction of growth accounts
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the
for India, with considerable attention paid to the quality of
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in the underlying data. each case. GovernmentAdda.com Q484. (d)prime 484. (e) elementary (a)examine Q492. (b)examines 492. (c)forecast (a)is (d)forecasts (b)was (e) augur (c)shall Q485. (d)will 485. (e) are (a)address Q493. (b)denote 493. (c)addresses (a) consistent (d)facilitate (b) consistently (e) evoIve (c) haphazardly Q486. (d) irregular 486. (e) turbulentfy
(a) has (b) will (c)should have
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (d)have
each of which has been numbered. against each (e) had
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the Q487.
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in 487. each case. (a) which
Economic development of country is (___494 _) to their (b) that
industrial growth. In a developing country like India, Small (c) if
—Scale Industries play a significant role In economic (d) whether
development of the country. They are a (___ 495___) (e)whose
segment of Indian economy in terms of their contribution Q488. towards country’s industrial production, exports, 488.
employment and creation of an entrepreneurial base. (a) devote
These industries by and large represent a stage in (b) attributes
economic ( 496 _) from traditional to modem (c) attributed
technology. Small industry plays a very important role in (d) decided
widening the base of entrepreneur ship. The development of (e) developed
small industries ( 497_ ) an easy and effective means of Q489.
achieving broad based ownership of industry, the diffusion 489.
of enterprise and initiative in the industrial field. Given their (a)appeared
importance, the Government policy framework right from (b)appears
the First plan has (___498 _) the need for the (c)looked
development of SSI sector keeping In view its (___499___) (d)seemed
importance in the overall economic development of India. (e) forecast
Accordingly, the policy support from the Government Q490.
towards Small Scale Industries has tended to be 490.
( _500 _) and favourable to the development of small (a)due to
entrepreneurial class. Government accords the (___501___) (b)because
preference to development of SSI by framing and (c) for want of implementing (___502_ ) policies and promotional (d) than
schemes. The most important promotional policy of the (e) that
Government for the SSIs is fiscal ( 503_ ) in the form of Q491.
tax concessions and exemptions of direct or indirect taxes 491.
leviable on production or profits. (a)primary Q494. (b)primarily 494. (c)chief (a)related (b) relating GovernmentAdda.com (c)concentrated (a) unsuitable (d)resembled (b) suitably (e) assimilated (c) suitable Q495. (d) strategy 495. (e) unmatched (a) mean Q503. (b)vital 503. (c)insignificance (a) incentives (d)visual (b) imperatives (e) insignificant (c) needs Q496. (d) improvement 496. (e) help (a)translation (b) tansferring
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c)transition
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) transitional
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits t he (e)growth
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q497. each case. 497.
Visual experiences can ( 504 _) children, teenagers and (a) offer
even adults learn and absorb more due to its highly (b)offers
stimulating and ( 505___) engaging impact. It is for this (c) differ
reason that we are seeing an increase in schools across the (d)differs
globe (___506 _) content provider programmes into their (e)encourage
class curriculum to ( 507 _) lessons through video. Visual Q498.
excursions and school collaborations are (___ 508___) by 498.
advances in high definition video, high fidelity audio and (a) highlighting
content sharing, allowing students to experience a richer (b) highlighted
and more stimulating learning experience. Schools that have (c) heighten
previously transported students to excursions in ( _509 _) (d) demeaning
now face increased transportation costs, (e) demeaned
higher insurance premiums, attendance costs for the Q499.
families and strict duty of care policies for students while ( 499.
_510 _) school property. Virtual excursions (___ 511___) (a) strategy
students to improve their presentation, research, learning (b) less
and speaking skills while they engage i n a live learning (c) complex
session. Students also now have the ability to meet peers from (d) strategic
many cultures, speak to subjectmatter (___ 512___) like (e) meagre
scientists or authors practise a foreign language with students Q500.
from another country, and learn about global issues from the 500.
( 513___) of their own classrooms. (a) conducive Q504. (b) congruence 504. (c) unsuitable (a) help (d) unfit (b) aiding (e) unfair1 (c) prescribe Q501. (d) feature 501. (e) present (a) high Q505. (b)higher 505. (c) highest (a) plus (d) measurable (b) lonely (e) lowest (c)ably Q502. (d) many 502. (e) deeply GovernmentAdda.com Q506. (d) comfortable 506. (e) gap (a) incorporating (b)pressing
Directions: in the following passage t here are blanks, (c) following
each of which has been numbered. against each (d)parting
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) leaving
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q507. each case. 507.
Agriculture is a ( 514 _) sector of our economy and (a) make
credit plays an important role in increasing agriculture (b) demand
production. Availability and access to adequate timely and (c) Impart
low cost credit from institutional sources is of great ( _515 (d) vision
_) especially to small and marginal farmers. Along with (e)need
other inputs, credit is essential for establishing sustainable Q508.
and ( 516 _) farming systems. Most farmers are small 508.
producers engaged in agricultural activities in areas of (a) dissolved
widely ( 517_ ) potential. Experience has shown that (b) enhanced
easy access to financial services at affordable cost ( (c) measured
518___) affects productivity, asset formation and income (d) failed
and food security of the rural poor. The major concern of the (e) blasted
Government therefore, is to bring all the farmer households Q509.
within the banking (___ 519_ ) and promote complete 509.
financial inclusion, The Government has initiated several (a) deed
policy measures to improve the accessibility of farmers to (b) total
institutional sources of credit, The ( 520 _) of these policies (c) parent
has been progressive institutionalisation for providing (d) person
timely and adequate credit support to all farmers in order (e) lieu
to ( 521 _) them to adopt modem technology and Q510.
improved agricultural practices for increasing agricultural 510.
production and productivity. The policy (___522_ ) (a) involving
emphasis on ( _523 _) credit flow at the ground level. (b) saving Q514. (c) away 514. (d) off (a)integral (e) vacating (b)centre Q511. (c)dominant 511. (d)proven (a) let (e) highest (b) enable Q515. (c) present 515. (d) pressure (a)view (e) collect (b)importance Q512. (c)urgency 512. (d)source (a) clauses (e) choice (b) dictionaries Q516. (c) books 516. (d) experts (a) isolated (e) partners (b) apportioned Q513. (c) abject 513. (d) continuous (a) vacancy (e) profitable (b) availability Q517. (c) safety GovernmentAdda.com 517.
Although John Wisdom’s writings in philosophy show (a) justified
clearly the influence of Wittgenstein, they nevertheless also (b) true
display a 1___ originality. Despite the 2 _ and (c) most
difficult of his style, a careful reading of Wisdom is seldom (d) varying
_3___ He is unique kind of genius in philosophy. This (e) catering
essay is an excellent example of Wisdoms repeated attempts Q518.
to ___4 _ the ultimate bases of philosophical 518.
perplexity. A great deal of the time Wisdom is interested in (a) not
finding out why metaphysicians feel S to utter such strange (b) seriously
sentences (e.g, Time is unreal, There are no material (c) must
things, etc). According to Wisdom such sentences are both (d) positively
false (and perhaps meaningless) and yet ___7 . Even (e) patiently
more than Wittgenstein, Wisdom has stressed the Q519.
therapeutic conception of philosophy, a view that comes 519.
out, clearly in this essay where he emphasises the analogy (a) loans
between philosophical and neurotic distress 8 _ them (b) fold
with other kinds of problems. The reader who is interested (c) premises
in gaining a fuller 9 _ with Wisdoms thought is referred (d) area
to his famous article Gods in philosophy and Psycho (e) branch
analysis. Other minds in Wisdoms most ___ 10 discussion Q520.
of a single topic and in many his finest work. 520. Q524. (a) truth 1. (b) aim (a) concise (c) goals (b) virtual (d) founder (c) marked (e) course (d) limited Q521. (e) relative 521. Q525. (a) make 2. (b) supply (a) individuality (c) enable (b) novelty (d) reach (c) originality (e) focus (d) complexity Q522. (e) creativity 522. Q526. (a) gives 3. (b) keeps (a) unprofitable (c) set (b) useful (d) always (c) advantageous (e) lays (d) unreliable Q523. (e) durable 523. Q527. (a) augmenting 4. (b) sending (a) jettison (c) submitting (b) delimit (d) receiving (c) augment (e) limiting (d) fortify (e) explore
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, Q528.
each of which has been num bered. against each 5.
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (a) admirably
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (b) primarily each case. (c) advertantly GovernmentAdda.com (d) reluctantly
goes out of his way and faces difficulties in his way with (e) happily
joy and even with pride. Joy and sorrow, success and failure, Q529.
good fortune and misfortune, are equally ___ 19___ by a 6.
pair of true friends. They 20 _ the burden of life equally for (a) depressed
they feel that they sail in the same boat and that they have to (b) confined sink and swim together. (c) alluded Q534. (d) compelled 11. (e) adapted (a) to Q530. (b) with 7. (c) for (a) Illuminating (d) by (b) damaging (e) of (c) confusing Q535. (d) critical 12. (e) unreliable (a) adversity Q531. (b) commotion 8. (c) change (a) compelling (d) happiness (b) associating (e) growth (c) contrasting Q536. (d) describing 13. (e) advocating (a) by Q532. (b) to 9. (c) ofT (a) comparison (d) with (b) analysis (e) through (c) agreement Q537. (d) elaboration 14. (e) acquaintance (a) postulate Q533. (b) commit 10. (c) danger (a) projected (d) deplete (b) sustained (e) betray (c) prolonged Q538. (d) prolific 15. (e) attributed (a) Wealth (b) Prosperity
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) Man
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) Providence
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) Wellbeing
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q539. each case. 16.
A friend in need is a friend indeed. A man who stands (a)boon
_11___ his friend in 12___ is a true friend. Selfless love (b) force
is the base of true friendship. True friends share each (c) blessing
others Joy and sorrow, pain and pleasure. They do not fall (d) calamity
_13___ in adversity. They have full confidence in each (e) message
other. They never 14___ each other. 15___ makes Q540.
friends, adversity tiles them. A selfless friend is a ___ 16 _ a 17.
selfish friend is a curse. The first is an angel and the second (a) throws
is a devil. One makes your career while the other ___ 17___ (b) develops
it. True friendship means great self sacrifice on the part of (c) constructs
both. A true friend 18 _ pleasure and convenience. He (d) mars GovernmentAdda.com (e) lacks 22. Q541. (a) personally 18. (b) busy (a) foregoes (c)not (b) mitigates (d) reluctantly (c) evolves (e) absolutely (d) appraises Q546. (e) prospers 23. Q542. (a) presumption 19. (b)absolve (a) built (c) curb (b) pleased (d)question (c) admired (e) establish (d) advocated Q547. (e) shared 24. Q543. (a) expect 20. (b) wait (a) expect (c)try (b) shoulder (d)frustrate (c) dislike , (e)appeal (d) propose Q548. (e) project 25. (a) level
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (b) regard
each of which has been numbered. against each (c) prepare
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (d) enact
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (e) unearth each case. Q549.
The Government seems to be in right earnest to ensure more 26.
___21___ in governance. The Prime Ministers (a) even
announcement that his Government is 22 _ drafting (b) as
legislation to 23 _ the citizens right to information is (c) because
indeed welcome. Though the talk on the right to Information (d) until
is not new, we may ___24 the Bill to be brought (e) though
early this time. The previous Government had set up a high Q550.
level committee to 25___ a draft bill. But nothing has 27.
been heard about the batter since. 25___ the committee (a) found
did quit some work. The issue, however, has come to such (b) expect
a pause that a solution cannot be ___ 27___ further. (c) delayed
Sunlight is the best disinfectant, a foreign Judge once said, (d) looked
while 28___ the unwarranted secrecy in an (e) longed
administrative system. When those is authority know that Q551.
people have the right to ask questions and the Government is 28.
under the ___29 _ to provide them with answers (a) nurturing
_30___ of authority, or of public finances, for personal or (b) criticising
party ends Is less likely to happen. (c) demanding Q544. (d) appreciating 21. (e) upholding (a) strictness Q552. (b) rudeness 29. (c) leniency (a) pretention (d) economy (b) substance (e) transparency (c) property Q545. (d) affect GovernmentAdda.com (e) obligation Q558. Q553. 35. 30. (a) absorbing (a) misuse (b) relieving (b) governance (c) avoiding (c) dishonour (d) resolving (d) curbing (e) recognising (e) breach Q559. 36.
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (a) Inserted
each of which has been numbered. against each (b) developed
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (c) conceived
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (d) controlled each case. (e) applied
The tea plant, a native of Southern China, was known Q560.
_31___ very early times to Chinese botany and medicine. 37.
It is 32 to in the classics 33___ the various names of (a) recuperate
Tou, Tseh, Chung. Kha and Ming and was ___34___ praised (b) alleviate
for possessing the viruses of _35___ fatigue, delighting the (c) conceal
soul, strengthening the will and repairing the eyesight. It (d) Indicate
was not only administered as an internal dose, but often (e) slow
_35___ externally in the form of paste to ___37___ Q561.
rheumatic pains. The Tao ists claimed it 38 _ mi important 38. (a)
___39___ of the elixir of immortality. The Buddhists to (b)
used it extensively to prevent drowsiness during 40___ also long hours of meditation. (c) although Q554. (d) as 31. (a) (e) hardly to (b) Q562. after (c) 39. from (a) ingredient (d) beyond (b) aspect (c) (e) behind offshoot (d) Q555. outcome (e) 32. discovery (a) taken Q563. (b) resorted 40. (c) awarded (a) that (d) alluded, (b)these (e) introduced (c) their Q556. (d) our 33. (e) remote (a) under (b) between
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) among
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) besides
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) like
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q557. each case. 34.
In these days ,of economic liberalisation, globalisation etc. (a) rarely
materialistic values have assumed 41 _ importance, (b) loosely
Money, physical comforts and luxuries are the most sought (c) under
after aspects .There has been 42 _ competition. Such (d) severely competition 43
undue stress. The stress leads to (e) highly
_44 _ of health of the people. Indian culture has ___45___ GovernmentAdda.com
its striking uniqueness, as against the Western culture, in (c) vital
the fact that there is a 46 _ place for spiritualism in our (d) common
value system in all walks of life. The spirituality is a very (e) dynamic
_47___ force which helps us in maintaining our physical Q571.
and mental health. It gives us 48 _ to cope with the stress. 48.
Westerners have now ___49___ the importance of (a) strength
spirituality and, therefore, they have started 50 us in (b) tips the matter of spirituality. (c) clearance Q564. (d) sermons 41. (e) ideals (a) usual Q572. (b) little 49. (c) tangible (a) informed (d) least (b) narrated (e) greater (c) intensified Q565. (d) realised 42. (e) invented (a) critical Q573. (b) unhealthy 50. (c) unequalled (a) encouraging (d) no (b) imitating (e) absolute (c) blaming Q566. (d) preaching 43. (e) assuming (a) releases (b) deserves
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) generates
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) demonstrates
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) suppresses
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q567. each case. 44.
The first proposal I submitted for my dissertation at UCLA (a) neglect
was to write a theory of personality. My chairman, a kindly man, (b) illness
smiled 51___ and told me that perhaps this was a bit (c) generation
ambitious for a young graduate student.___52 _ I (d) deterioratibn
accepted his verdict and changed my topic, but not my desire. It (e) encroachment
___53 _ later, when I had a chance to begin to Q568.
_54 _ a theory in my research on group dynamics for the 45.
Navy during the Korean War. As I 55___ the reasons for (a) maintained
the persistence of my interest in overarching theory, I had an (b) illustrated
_56 memory. When I was around eight years old, I was (c) marginalized
a 57 baseball fan, as was my father. My hero was Lou (d) bestowed
Gohrig. I would approach my father in an attempt to prove to (e) forsaken
him how good Gohrig really was He hit ___363___, had Q569.
49 home runs, batted in ___165 _ runs. He’s 46.
terrific I My father’s response caught me off guard Yes, but (a)vast
he cant field. I wasn’t prepared for that. From then on, my (b)brief
way of ___58___ with my father’s responses was to make (c) formal
sure I knew everything about any topic I wanted to talk to (d) clean
him about. Partly as a 59 _. I became a honest, I had to make (e) distinct
sure I had 60___ for everything. Q570. Q574. 47. 51. (a)dormant (a) usually (b) dedicated (b) profusely, GovernmentAdda.com (c) benignly r (a) custom (d) abruptly f (b) capacity (e) decidedly (c)defense Q575. (d) preference 52. (e) posterity (a) Indolently Q583. (b) Skillfully 60. (c) Enchanted (a) consideration (d) Constrained (b)accounted (e) Chagrined (c) longing Q576. (d)regard 53. (e) established (a) lamented (b) resurfaced
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) appreciated
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) provided
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) projected
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q577. each case. 54.
Lately, the media seems to have gone berserk in (___61___) (a) inject (b)
everything that pertains to the New Economy . Behind the involve (c)
great bulk of the articles on the subject are two (___ 62___) exhibit , (d)
assumption. First, that the New Economy businesses are formulate (e)
likely to push Old Economy industries all the way into establish
oblivion. Second, that (___63 _) about the New Economy is Q578.
far superior to that of the Old Economy. Both those emphatic 55.
assumptions could be ( 64___) flawed. Physical (a) pondered
products—the cornerstone of the Old Economy —are (b) evaluated
hardly likely to ( 65___) out in importance even in the (c) developed
age of the Internet, After all, the consumption of physical (d) perfected
goods is hardly going down. In everything—from steel (e) appreciated
automobiles (___66 _) Is only going up. But above and Q579.
beyond all this, the New Economy also needs Old Economy 56.
products to survive. You can sell goods on the Internet, ater (a) interesting
all, only if (___67_ ) is producing those goods. Besides (b) obvious
which, people still want all those Old Economy goods. As (c) engulfing
far as the second point is concerned, the one big weakness (d) esteemed
about the new Economy is that it is ( 68_ ) more volatile (e) evolving
than the Old Economy. The rate of evolution of products — Q580.
the crux of the Old Economy —will (___69 _) always be 57.
slower than the rate of the growth and proliferation on (a) precarious
new ideas on any given subject. And hence, the Old (b) haunting
Economy (based on products) will always be relatively more (c) deliberate
(___70_ ) than the New Economy (based largely on (d) pervasive ideas). (e)rabid Q584. Q581. 61. 58. (a) listening (a) patience (b) advocate (b) alliance (c) ignoring (c) influence (d) adopting (d) coping (e) viewing (e) questioning Q585. Q582. 62. 59. (a) bold GovernmentAdda.com (b) emphasizing 70. (c) underlying (a) stable (d) overriding (b) dogmatic (e) overlapping (c) fragile Q586. (d) volatile 63. (e) specific (a) glitter
( _71_ ) Stringent antipollution laws, mass awareness (b) everything
levels in India about the need to ( 72 _) the environment are (c) each thing
low. Which is (___73_ ) many people Insist that mere (d) proceed
laws won’t do what we ( 74 _) need are environment (e) highlight
conscious citizens. It is in this context that the Q587.
University’s ( 75 _) to introduce environment studies as 64.
a compulsory paper at the undergraduate level ( _76_ ) (a) thinking
significance. There was some ( 77 _) initially about who (b) deliberately
would teach the paper be CLOZETEST —cause financial ( (c) casually
78_ ) make It impossible for colleges to ( _79_ ) (d) carelessly
approval for new teaching posts. In fact, in August (e) seriously
1999, the University Grants Commission (UGC) imposed a Q588.
ban on the creation of new teaching posts in colleges. ( 65.
80_ ) with this problem, authorities at the university (a) lose
have decided that serving teachers belonging to various (b) charm
disciplines will teach the paper. (c) iron Q594. (d) stand 71. (e) bear (a) Despite Q589. (b) Having 66. (c) Enacting (a)trend (d) Although (b) movement (e) Adopting (c) consumption Q595. (d) cost 72. (e) production (a) contaminate Q590. (b) clean 67. (c) filter (a) mass (d) protect (b) someone (e) pollute (c) none Q596. (d) person 73. (e) marketing (a) resulting Q591. (b) why 68. (c) obvious (a) obviously (d) because (b) reportedly (e) as (c) naturally Q597. (d) intrinsically 74. (e) abysmally (a) seldom Q592. (b) don’t (c) 69. hardly (d) (a) subjectively actually (e) (b) deliberately perfectly (c) have Q598. (d) accordingly 75. (e) necessarily (a) inability Q593. (b) deferral GovernmentAdda.com (c) decision
that peculiar habit of the Indian intelligentsia passing the (d) reluctance
buck, with every one present attacking hi s neighbour for not (e) failure
supporting Tejpal more. It is a trait Tejpal is (___ 84___) Q599.
with and has been telling me about in the weeks preceding 76.
this interview. Often at parties when someone (___ 85___) (a) extracts
me great job, cany on what you are doing, and showers (b) trivalency
with me staggering praise, staggering love, staggering ( _86_ (c) expects
) I just smile and let it pass as I dont want to score a (d) assumes
brownie point and say, and what about you boss, what will (e) loses
you do ?This lightly tossed sentence with the slightest hint of Q600.
a dark chuckle is the only time I have seen Tejpal allow for 77.
bitterness, though I have been ( 87_ ) him for weeks for (a)displeasure
sings of it. Because, for a man who has been the victim of (b)antagonism
the most ( _88 _) government witch hunts in recent (c)hurdles
years, Tejpal is astonishingly devoid of (__ _89___) You (d)confusion
expect him to rage, to spew fire, to heap scorn and anger at (e) priority
his enemies, and instead, what you encounter, is a man in Q601.
whose eyes you see only compassion and a weary 78.
understanding of the nature of the beast. The abiding irony (a)losses
in all this is that unlike his armchair supporters in the (b) constraints
middle class, who rave and rant on his behalf, but do (c) apathy
nothing else, Tejpal displays forbearance. The fact that I (d) soundness
am essentially a literary animal and that my entire (e) independence
sensibility has been shaped by literature has helped. I’m not Q602.
a black and white person. Im a (___90_ ) who 79.
understands the greys, he says to me at a coffee shop, over (a) receive tea. (b) establish Q604. (c) emphasize 81. (d) expect (a)of (e) sanction (b) in Q603. (c) into 80. (d) off (a) Down (e)from (b) Familiarity Q605. (c) Faced 82. (d) convinced (a)feed (e) solution (b) feeds (c)fed
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (d) feeding
each of which has been numbered. against each (e)feeded
number, five words are suggested , one of which fits the Q606.
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in 83. each case. (a)mixing
In an upper class drawing room in Mumbai, a dozen or so ( (b) lending
81 _) the city’s intelligentsia is ( 82_ ) on the dregs of (c)scaring
what was a livewire party an hour ago. Poets , editors, (d) indulging
writers, filmmakers, all card-carrying members of the rich (e)pushing
and powerful, not at this late hour, on their I their ninth Q607.
drink are (___83_ ) in what Indians are best known to do 84.
media bashing, armchair criticism and name-calling. (a)ordinary
Inevitably the talk turns to Tehelka, and its managing (b) familiar
director and editor-in-chief, Tarun Tejpal, and the party (c)strange
quickly degenerates into an orgy of guilt and shame and (d) free GovernmentAdda.com (e)rutine
( _97_ ) distinctive that it is easy for a (___ 98 ) animal Q608.
to remember it. After a few unfortunate experiences is quickly 85.
learns to (___99___) insects bearing this pattern. Other, (a) bold
unrelated, poisonous insect species may also carry a similar (b) said
pattern. They become members of what has been called (c) ask
awarding club. The important point for us, in the present ( (d) say
100 _) is that some harmless species of insects have taken ( (e) tells
101___) of this system by developing colour patterns similar Q609.
to those of the poisonous members of the warning club. 86.
Certain innocuous flies, for instance, ( _102 _) black and (a) delight
yellow bands on their bodies that mimic the colour (b) contempt
patterns of the wasps. By becoming ( _103 _) members (c) worship
of the warning club they reap the benefits without (d) affection
having to ( 104_ ) any real poison. The killers dare not (e) admiration
attack them, even though they would, in reality, make a Q610. (___105_ ) meal. 87. Q614. (a) lure 91. (b) teasing (a) flying (c) baiting (b) conspicuous (d) harassing (c) vulnerable (e) matching (d) big Q611. (e) pbtsonous 88. Q615. (a) gentle 92. (b) good (a) desist (c) virtuous (b) adjust (d) vicious (c) prefer (e) wicked (d) avoid Q612. (e) nurture 89. Q616. (a) forbearance 93. (b) anger (a) habit (c) wrath (b) interest (d) forgiveness (c) goodwill (e) gale (d) welfare Q613. (e) help 90. Q617. (a) boy 94. (b) guy (a) dangerous (c) youth (b) ambiguous (d) human being (c) warning (e) fellow (d) coloured (e) safety
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, Q618.
each of which has been numbered. against each 95.
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (a) reveal
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (b) paints each case. (c) flashes
Many kinds of insects are ( _91_ ) and larger animals (d) carried
learn to (___92 _) eating them. It is in the ( 93_ ) of (e) loaded
these insects to show a ( 94 _) flag of some kind. The typical Q619.
wasp, for example, ___195 _) a conspicuous colour pattern 96.
of black and yellow ( _96 _) on its body. This is (a) bands GovernmentAdda.com (b) pieces 104. (c) paint (a)transport (d) colours (b) Inject (e) clothes (c)possess Q620. (d) earn 97. (e) load, (a)so Q628. (b)extremely 105. (c)normally (a) troublesome (d)too (b) delicious (e)very (c) indigestible Q621. (d) hazardous 98. (e) cheap (a) bold (b)prey
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c)chased
each of which has been numbered. against each (d)predatory
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e)hunted,
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q622. each case. 99.
Most of us are ( 106 _) of open Conflict and avoid it if we (a)hate
can. And there is a ( _107 _) to expressing and (b) love
working through conflict. If the working through involves (c)approach
harsh words and name-calling people feel deeply hurt mid (d) abstain
relationships Can be ( _108 _). Sometimes permanently. (e) avoid
Sony group members may be afraid that if they really ( _109 Q623.
_) their anger, they may go. out Of control and become 100.
violent or they may do this. These fears can be very ( _110_ (a)text
) and based on experience. So why take the risk ? Why not (b) premise
avoid conflict at all costs ? Conflict is rather like disease ( (c)context
111 _) is best. That means attending to areas where ( 112_ (d) day
) may occur before they become an issue. If you have not ( (e) view
_113 _) a conflict happening, your next choice is to treat it Q624.
early, or hope that it goes away. If it goes away over time 101.
fine. If it ( 114___), then you will still have to handle (a)profit
(treat) it and it is likely to be more (___115___). (b) yield Q629. (c)disadvantage 106. (d) ride (a) scared (e) advantage (b) carefull Q625. (c) reckless 102. (d) aware (a)display (e) worried (b)indicates Q630. (c)announce 107. (d) wear (a) challenge (e) bears (b) measure Q626. (c) principle 103. (d) chance (a) unregistered (e) risk (b) fake Q631. (c) honorary 108. (d) sycophant (a) established (e) original (b) maligned Q627. GovernmentAdda.com (c) damaged
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (d) rebuilt
each of which has been numbered. against each (e) involved
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the Q632.
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in 109. each case. (a) sublimate
Economic growth figures for the first quarter of this (b) express
financial year seem to support the claim that the worst (c) minimize
may be over for the Indian economy. The gradual revival is (d) regulate
also an indication that the governments economic stimulus (e) control
package is ( 116 _). What could, however, upset the Q633.
positive outlook is the drought which (___ 117 ) large 110.
parts of the country and its impact on overall growth. Even (a) baseless
though the monsoon had picked up (___118_ ) the rains (b) imaginary
received were grossly ( 119_ ). There are clear (c)exaggerative
( _120 _) that farm output, particularly cereals, will fall (d)real
drastically. Insufficient rain is bound to shoot up the ( _121 (e) national
_) of agricultural commodities and that would impact Q634.
the economy as g whole. The drought would also ( _122 _) 111.
a drastic reduction in rural employment and (a)cure
consumption besides inflation In the prices of food articles. (b)diagnosis
Food prices have been ( 123 _) since the past few (c)prescription
months, and lower agricultural production, is likely to ( (d)prevention
_124 _) the situation. The government has said that (e) medicine
food grain from the buffer stocks will be used to keep prices Q635.
( 125___). Subsidised food grain is necessary in these 112.
times, but its effectiveness will depend a lot on the (a) harmony distribution system. (b) discomfiture Q639. (c)disagreement 116. (d)consensus (a) impractical (e) statement (b) ambiguous Q636. (c) failing (d) 113. working (e) (a) expressed weakening (b) ignored Q640. (c) induced 117. (d) seen (a) strike (e)perverted (b) affected Q637. (c) exposed 114. (d) revered (a) doesn’t (e) altered (b) wont Q641. (c) dont 118. (d) not (a) unseasonably (e)hasnt (b)unfavourably Q638. (c)presently 115. (d)meagrely (a) credible (e)later (b) serious Q642. (c) fraudulent 119. (d) urgent (a) Inadequate (e)skilled (b) enough (c)missing (d) ample GovernmentAdda.com (e) atrocious
using a conventional approach but ( 129___) creative and Q643.
innovative solutions that can ensure radical change and ( 120.
_130 _). There are several factors in India’s (___131___). (a) contradictions
Few countries have the rich diversity that India or its large, (b)advices
young population (___132_ ). While these (___133___) (c) reasons
innovation policy interventions certain additional steps are (d)results
also required. These include ( 134_ ) investment in (e) indications
research and development by ( _135___) the government Q644.
and the private sector, easy transfer of technology from 121.
the academic world etc. To fulfil its promise of being (a) production
prosperous and to be at the forefront, India must be (b) requirement innovative. (c) prices Q649. (d) yield 126. (e)labouri (a) stimuli Q645. (b) conducive 122. (c) incentive (a) trigger (d) facilitated (b) lead (e) impetus (c)result Q650. (d) contribute 127. (e) dampen (a) objective Q646. (b) controversy 123. (c) doubt (a) improving (d) question (b) balanced (e) inference (c) stable Q651. (d) increasing 128. (e) decreasing (a) cannot Q647. (b) possibly 124. (c) should1 (a) aggravate (d) never (b) amend (e) must (c) smoothen Q652. (d) improve 129. (e) challenge (a) necessary Q648. (b) apply 125. (c) need (a) unprofitable (d) consider (b) futile (e) requires (c) maximum Q653. (d) growing 130. (e) down (a) quantity (b) advantages
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) increase
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) chaos
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) growth
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q654. each case. 131.
There is a considerable amount of research about the (a) challenges
factors that make a company innovate. So is it possible to (b) praises
create an environment ( _126 _) to innovation ? This is a (c) favour
particularly pertinent ( 127 _) for India today. Massive (d) leverage
problems in health, education etc. (___128_ ) be solved (e) esteem GovernmentAdda.com Q655.
granted without a mechanism to make the market reflect 132.
their value. Rainforests are also a home and (___ 143 _) of (a) blessed
income for a huge number of people in Africa, Asia, and (b) enjoys
South America. ( _144 _) this, economic pressures (c) endows
frequently drive both local communities and national (d) prevails
governments in the developing world to (___ 145 _) these (e) occurs
forests in ways that are unsustainable, clearcutting vast Q656.
areas for fuel, timber, mining, or agricultural land. 133. Q659. (a) aid 136. (b) jeopardise (a) ended (c) promotes (b) destroyed (d) endure (c) extinct (e) cater (d) killed Q657. (e) wasted 134. Q660. (a) acute 137. (b) utilising (a) tough (c) restricting (b) important (d) inspiring (c) vital (e)Increased (d) biggest Q658. (e) effective 135. Q661. (a) both 138. (b) besides (a) affect (c) combining (b) diminish (d) participating (c) increases (e) also (d) alternates (e) impairs
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, Q662.
each of which has been numbered. against each 139.
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (a) plagues
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (b) develops each case. (c) reduces
Around the world, forests are being (___136 _) at a rate of (d) shortens
about thirteen million hectares a year and deforestation (e) influences
accounts for an estimated 17%, 20% of all global Q663.
emissions. In addition, forests and other terrestrial carbon 140.
sinks play a ( 137 _) role in preventing runaway climate (a) sell
change, soaking up a full 2.6 Gt of atmospheric carbon (b)offers
every year. The destruction of forests, therefore, not only (c)give
emits carbon a staggering 1.6 Gt a year, which severely (d)provide
( 138 _) forests capacity to absorb emissions from other (e) earns
sources but also drastically (___139___) the amount of Q664.
forested land available to act as a carbon sink in the future. 141.
However, the effects of deforestation extend (a) transforming
beyond carbon. Rainforests ( 140 _) a wide variety of (b)decoding
ecosystems services, from regulati ng rainfall to purifying (c) erupting
ground water and keeping fertile soil from (___ 141___) (d)draining
deforestation in one area can seriously damage food (e) eroding
production and ( _142_ ) to clean water in an entire Q665.
region. The value of global ecosystem services has been 142.
estimated at 33___ trillion USD each year (almost half of (a) handiness
global GDP), but these services have been taken for (b) excess GovernmentAdda.com (c)availability Q670. (d) access , 147. (e)supply (a)objective Q666. (b)controversy 143. (c)doubt (a) beginning (d)question (b) source (e) inference (c) ways Q671. (d) reference 148. (e) measure (a)cannot Q667. (b)possibly 144. (c)should (a) Despite (d)never (b) Also (e) must (c) Inspite Q672. (d) Apart 149. (e) Beside (a) necessary Q668. (b) apply 145 (c)need (a) exploit (d)consider (b) encompass (e) requires (c) nurture Q673. (d) work 150. (e) Improve, (a)quantify (b)advantages
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c)Increase
each of which has been numbered. against each (d)chaos
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) growth
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q674. each case. 151.
There is a considerable amount of research about the (a) challenges
factors that make a company innovate. So is it possible to (b) praises
create an environment (___148 _) to innovation ? This is a (c)favour
particularly pertinent 1147) for India today. Massive (d) leverage
problems In health, education etc. 1148) be solved using a (e) esteem
conventional approach but ( 149_ ) creative and Q675.
innovative solutions that can ensure radical change and ( 152.
150 _). There are several factors in India’s (___151___). (a) blessed
Few countries have the rich diversity that India or its large, (b) enjoys
young population (___152_ ). While these (___153___) (c)endows
innovation policy interventions certain additional steps (d) prevails
are also required. These include ( 154 _) investment In (e) occurs
research and development by ( _155___) the government Q676.
and the private sector, easy transfer of technology from 153.
the academic world etc. To fulfill Its promise of being (a) aid
prosperous and to be at the forefront, India must be (b)jeopardise innovative. (c)promotes Q669. (d) endure 146. (e) cater (a)stimuli Q677. (b)conducive 154. (c)incentive (a) acute (d)facilitated (b) utilising (e) impetus (c)restricting GovernmentAdda.com (d) inspiring (e) While (e) increased Q681. Q678. 158. 155. (a)Diverse (a) both (b)Another (b) besides (c)Different (c)combining (d)Other (d)participating (e) Many (e)also Q682. 159. (a)Valid
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (b)Central
each of which has been numbered. against each (c)Important
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (d)Trivial
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (e) Prime each case. Q683.
The fact that the majority of south Asia’s population of about 160.
1.5 billion (___156 _) in villages points towards the need (a) Responded
for marketers to develop a good understanding of rural (b) Counted
markets and the rural marketing phenomenon. For our (c) Accounted
purpose, we define rural marketing (___ 157 _) any (d) Catered
marketing activity in which one dominant participant is (e) Seized
from a rural area. This implies that rural marketing Q684.
comprises marketing of inputs to rural markets as well as 161.
marketing of outputs from rural markets to (___158___) (a) Attractions
geographical areas. It Is not only the size of the population (b) Obstacles
that makes rural markets in South Asia very (___ 159_ ) for (c) Challenges
marketers in India. Rural markets (___160_ ) for a similar (d) Pitfalls
proportion for consumer durable products too. Banking (e)Diversions
system, limited availability of credit facilities, and Q685.
problems of storage infrastructure are additional 162. ( 161 _) for marketers. These challenges (a) Pragmatic
need( 162_ ) solutions. All the South Asian (b) Scientific, governments accord special ( 163 _) to the (c) Radical
development of rural areas by addressing issues such as (d) Innovative
poverty, unequal growth, and poor infrastructure. This has led (e) Practical
to ( _164___) improvements in rural literacy levels in the Q686.
last few years, in all the South Asian countries. In addition, 163.
investments by governments in improving farm productivity (a) Fund
and generating greater, employment (b) Budget
opportunities in rural areas have made rural markets in (c) Attention
South Asia more ( 165 _) and prosperous. (d) Primacy Q679. (e) Resources 156. Q687. (a) Believes 164. (b) Resides (a) Appreciable (c) Concentrates (b)Revolutionary (d) Focuses (c)Mindboggling (e) Amalgamates (d)Astonishing Q680. (e)Surprising 157. Q688. (a)Since 165. (b)For (a) Appropriate (c) By (b) Relevant (d) As GovernmentAdda.com (c) Vibrant 167. (d) Challenging (a) founded (e) Dynamic (b) found (c) finding
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (d) being found
each of which has been numbered. against each (e) been founded
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the Q691.
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in 168. each case. (a) learn
India with its 600 universities and 35,000 colleges is the (b) learning
third ( 166 _) education system in the world. But 68 (c) played
per cent of these universities and 73 per cent of colleges are (d) paid
( 167_ ) to be medium or low quality by Indian (e) paying
standard itself. With a severe shortage of quality higher Q692.
education institutions, India faces the challenge of 169.
educating nearly 30 per cent of its 1,1 billion people. (a) existing
Certainly, India requires many more institutions of higher (b) existed
( 168 _) since nearly 100 million students are going to (c) perished
the higher education market in the next 10 years. In such a (d) excellent
scenario improving the standards of (___169___) (e) exciting
universities and establishing quality institutions should be Q693.
our priority. Steps should be ( 170 _) to reduce the 170.
disconnect between higher education institutions and (a) take
industry requirements. The possibilities of private sector (b) took
contributions in higher education should be fully exploited. (c) taken
The practice of big business houses and philanthropists (d) stopped
promoting quality universities in the west could be (e) forwarded
( 171 _) in India. But before initiating such private Q694.
sector participation in higher education the government 171.
should ensure that there are proper checks and controls (a) repeated
on the activities of such entities. Also It is our recent (b) replicated
experience that the mushrooming of substandard schools and (c) copying
( 172_ ) universities (___173 _) resulted in the (d) repeating
deterioration of educational standards in India. Upgrading (e) replicating
the higher education sector especially in terms of patents Q695.
filed and cutting edge research output is essential in 172.
improving India’s global ranking. Our sustainable (a) deemed
economic development depends on Human resources. A (b) deeming
quality higher education base is essential ( 174 _) reap (c) dreaming
full benefits of our demographic dividend. In its mission to (d) dreamt
redress inefficiencies in higher education, the strategies of (e) deemful
the 12th plan focus on technical education, distance Q696.
learning, quality research, infrastructure, faculty and 173.
curriculum content. Wholehearted, coordinated efforts of (a) have
the government departments and the private sector are (b) has
needed to (___175 _) the plans educational goals. (c) has been Q689. (d) have been 166. (e) would be (a) largest Q697. (b) large 174. (a) (c) larger for (b) (d) bigger in (c) (e) affluent with (d) Q690. to GovernmentAdda.com (e) by Q700. Q698. 177. 175. (a) equality (a) realise (b) (b)affection realising (c) (c)inequality understand (d) (d)support achieving (e) (e) justice realised Q701. 178.
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (a) vulnerable
each of which has been numbered. against each (b) weakness
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (c)vulnerability
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (d)specific each case. (e)weakest
Women ( 176 _) up half the world’s population and yet Q702.
represent a staggering 70% of the world’s poor. We live in 179.
a world iri which women living in poverty face gross (a) tackle
( 177 _) and injustice from birth to death. From poor (b)tackling
education to poor nutrition to (___ 178___) and low pay (c)fight
employment, the sequence of discrimination that a woman (d)tackled
may suffer during her entire life is unacceptable but all too (e)fought
common. Millennium Development Goal 3 is to promote Q703.
gender equality and empower women. This MDG is critical 180.
for ( 179 _) poverty and improving prospects for (a) increase
women. But how can women break gender based stereotypes (b)support
to minimise discrimination and (___ 180___) gender based (c)weak
violence when they are trapped In societies with (d)reduce
sociocultural practices which routinely discriminate them (e) influencing
from having equal opportunities in education, health and Q704.
livelihood? These women are invisible and the ( 181 181.
_) in their way prevent them from accessing the most basic (a) obstacles
human rights and needs. The outlook is bleak. Women make (b)make
up 70% of the world’s working hours and ( 182 _) only (c)pleasantries
10% of the world’s income and half of what men earn. (d)pebbles
This leads to greater poverty, slower economic growth and a (e) encouragements
(___183_ ) standard of living. In developing countries, Q705.
millions of women also die each year as a result of gender 182.
based ( _184_ ) . This deep rooted gender discrimination (a) earns
creates a bleak outlook for women in developing countries. (b)earned
For millions of girls living in poverty, it is often those clos (c)spend
est to them who work against the child’s interests and their (d)earn
Immediate environment ig often (___185___) and (e)(51 spends
sometimes, downright harmful. Parents arrange marriages Q706.
when you are a child. Neighbours say, if you are a girl, you 183.
must limit your activities to your home. Friends say, it is OK (a) slow not to go to school. (b)slower Q699. (c)low 176. (d)lowest (a) made (e) lower (b)make Q707. (c)look 184. (d)has made (a) violence (e) complete (b)violent (c)virulent GovernmentAdda.com (d)corruption (a) response (e) violation (b) responding Q708. (c)responsible 188. (d) liable (a) functional (e) careful (b) natural Q712. (c)artificial 189. (d)dysfunctional (a)vulnerable (e)disfunctional (b)unaffected (c)strong
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (d)voracious
each of which has been numbered. against each (e) voluble
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the Q713.
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in 190. each case. (a)needful
Generally a disaster ( 186_ ) in significant loss in social, (b)need
psychological, and economic aspects. It not only (c)voice
( 187 _) to structural damages, but also leaves families (d)vitality
tom apart, children orphaned, livelihoods destroyed, and (e)needs
communities traumatized Non-structural factors such as Q714.
lack of responsiveness of government officials and 191.
Ineffective leadership are mainly (___188_ ) for any (a) reduce
disaster mismanagement. India is ( _189_ ) to a variety (b)reduced
of natural and manmade disasters. Strong and effective (c)reducing
emergency management has been a felt (___190 _) In all (d)increase
comers of the world. Effective policies play a vital role in (e) increasing
mitigating the impact of disasters and (___191 _) likely Q715.
losses of life and property .Economic resources are 192.
important for any disaster management, ( _192___) it has (a)If
been recognized that economic resources did not (b)That
necessarily translate into greater investment in the domain, (c)Till
as there is no ( _193 _) of issues that demanded (d).Until
governments attention and resources. Disaster (e) Yet
management has ( 194 _) acquired importance in the Q716.
agenda of governance, unless there is a major natural or 193.
manmade disaster. The major shortcomings observed in (a)deficit
Indian disaster management, along with their probable (b)dearth
solutions, are discussed ( _195 _) an important basis. (c)plenty Q709. (d)plentiful 186. (e)scarce (a)result Q717. (b)results 194. (c)resulted (a)regularly (d)impedes (b)generally (e) sends (c)particularly Q710. (d)often 187. (a)leads (e) seldom (b)leading, J3)led Q718. (c)has led 195. (d) will lead (a)on (e) (b)in Q711. (c)within 188 (d)of (e) with GovernmentAdda.com (c) operations
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (d)dealing
each of which has been numbered. against each (e) work
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the Q724.
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in 201. each case. (a)gained
The traditional method of managing credit risk is ( 196 _) (b)sold
diversification. Although (___197 _) credit risk through (c)valued
diversification is effective, institutions are often constrained (d)bought
by ( _198___) of diversification ( _190___) on account of (e) profited
limited area of ( _200___). During the last few years, Q725.
managing credit risk through selling assets by way or 202.
securitisation has ( 201 _) in popularity. The market for (a) gigantic
securitized assets has grown (___202___) in the last few (b)slowly
years and Is expected to grow further in the (___ 203___) (c)slightly
years. This mode or credit risk mitigation is most (d)needlessly
( 204 _) to loans with standardized payment schedules (e)impressively
and similar credit risk characteristics such as housing Q726.
loans, auto loans, credit card receivables, etc. Further, 203.
shedding loans through securitization might (___ 205___) (a)yester
client relationship. In this context, credit derivatives (b)futuristic
provide a new technique for managing credit risk. (c)golden Q719. (d)coining 196. (e)past (a)by Q727. (b)onto 204. (c)for (a) desired (d)at (b)suited (e) through (c)wanted Q720. (d)suitable 197. (e)popular (a) watching Q728. (b)mitigating 205. (c) taking (a)kill (d)affording (b)lynch (e) seeing (c)promote Q721. (d)damage 198. (e) bum (a)lack (b)supply
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c)scarcity
each of which has been numbered. against each (d)void
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) want
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q722. each case. 199.
Changing an organizations culture is one of the most (a) luck
difficult leadership challenges. That’s because an (b)fortune
organizations culture ( 206 _) interlocking set of goals, (c)activities
roles, processes, values communications practices, attitudes (d)opportunities
and assumptions. These elements (___ 207___) together (e)chance
as a mutually reinforcing system and combine to prevent any Q723.
( 208___) to change it. That is why single fix challenges, 200.
such as the introduction of teams. Of lean, or agile, or scrum (a) place
or knowledge management or some new process, may ( (b)transaction
209_ ) to make progress for a while, but GovernmentAdda.com
( 210 _) the interlocking elements of the organisational (c) gain
culture ( 211_ ) over and the change is Inexorably (d) set
drawn ( 212 _) into the existing organisational culture. (e) back
Changing a culture Is large scale undertaking and Q736.
eventually all of the organisational focus for changing minds 213.
will need to be put in play. However, the (___ 213___) in (a) order
which they are deployed has a Critical ( _214___) on the ( (b) succession 215 _) of success. (c) Idea Q729. (d) step 206. (e) label (a) Less Q737. (b) embraces 214. (c) comprises (a) affect (d) makes (b) impact (e) composes (c) control Q730. (d) jolt 207. (e) shake (a) amalgamate Q738. (b) conjoin 215. (c) fit (a) change (d) stands (b) odd (e) attach (c) risk Q731. (d) likelihood 208. (e) option (a) attempt (b) energy
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) ways
each of which has been numbered . against each (d) power
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) tries
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q732. each case. 209.
Studies 1 _ the impact of computer models to support (a) Look
policymaking processes in organizations have ___ 2 that (b) appear
client involvement in the model building process is often a (c) perform
_3___ for effective model building. One important reason (d) suspect
is that the process of model building is frequently more (e) seek
important than the resulting model. Model building itself Is Q733.
largely a £ process about the problem. Most _5___ about 210.
the characteristics of an ill structured problem are gained (a) especially
during the 6___ process of designing a computer model, (b) presently
rather than after the model is finished. Another important (c) likely
reason is that most Information in an organis ation ___7___ (d) eventually
In the mental models of organisation members. To support (e) lately
policy making in organisation Jt is this knowledge which Q734. needs to be 8
and represented In the model. An 211.
important topic in client oriented or _9 model building (a) Bounce
thus becomes the _10 _ of relevant knowledge (b) throw
contained in the mental models of participants. (c) seize Q739. (d) jump 1. (e) take (a) evaluating Q735. (b) focussing 212. (c)projecting (a) forth (d) advocating (b) ahead (e) directing GovernmentAdda.com Q740. (d) accentuated 2. (e) formative (a) devised Q748. (b)exhibited 10. (c)convinced (a) demarcation (d)attributed (b)formation (e) indicated (c) proliferation Q741. (d)association 3. (e) elicitation (a) support (b)valuation
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c)prerequisite
each of which has been numbered. against each (d)material
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) blueprint
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q742. each case. 4.
With the U.S. military tied down on two fronts and the rest of (a) valuable
the world growing ( _11 ) to American power, the (b) durable
challenges for Rice are as (___12___) as they have been for (c)tedious
any Secretary of State in the past three decades. After six (d) learning
years of tussling with others on Bush’s national security (e) critical
team, Rice has seen off her rivals and (___13 ) as the Q743.
principal spokesperson for Bush’s foreign (___ 14 _). Her 5.
reward has been to ( 15_ ) responsibility for selling a (a) thinking
failed policy in Iraq and ( 16 _) a legacy for Bush at a time (b) insights
when ( 17_ ) in the world are in the mood to help her. (c)planning
Bush is severely ( 18 _) and has very little ( _19_ ) or (d) appreciation
support at home or abroad, says Leslie Gelb, former (e) opinions
president of the Council on Foreign Relations. That is ( Q744.
20___) true for his Secretary of State. So they are 6. basically flailing around. (a) elongated Q749. (b)concentrated 11. (a)resistant (c)iterative (b)subservient (d)evolving (c)immune (e)consumate (d)cordial Q745. (e)indifference 7. Q750. (a) resides 12. (b) follows (a) obvious (c) settles (b)trivial (d) lays (c)superfluous (e) committed (d)daunting Q746. (e)rewarding 8. Q751. (a) extended 13. (b) bisected (a)renamed (c) subjected (b)emerged (d) captured (c)appointed (e) attributed (d)entrusted Q747. (e)visited 9. Q752. (a) revolving 14. (b) interactive (a) aid (c)dogmatic GovernmentAdda.com (b)recognition
appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each (c)policy
case.(RBI GradeB Officer Exam. 2008) Sport may be a ( (d)acceptability
_21_ ) pursuit for many yet it does define life in all its ( (e)minister
_22_ ). The ( 23 _) of sport lies in enjoying the ( Q753.
_24_ ) of the sportsman who weaves (___ 25___) 15.
patterns on the field to leave the watcher spellbound. Great (a) shirk (b)
(___26_ ) does not always make a great sportsman. What avoid
makes a great sportsman is when that talent ( _27_ ) itself (c)transfer
in times of im He has to prove time and again that when (d) visualize
( 29___) of the team is at ( 30_ ) he Is the one to be (e) inherit relied upon. Q754. Q759. 16. 21. (a) focusing (a) expensive (b)framing (b) regular (c)escaping (c)unusual (d) salvage (d) significant (e) demolishing (e) meaningless Q755. Q760. 17. 22 (a) people (a) hues (b)few (b) possibility (c)diplomats (c)joy (d) autocrats (d) contrast (e) most (e) quest Q756. Q761. 18. 23. (a) intensified (a) demand (b)masterminded (b) improvement (c) weakened (c)approval (d) protected (d) beauty (e) supported (e) accomplishment Q757. Q762. 19. 24. (a) credibility (a)skills (b) difficulty (b) nature (c)majority (c)capacity (d) power (d) industry (e) enthusiasm (e) cunning Q758. Q763. 20. 25. (a) not (a)perfect (b) uniformly (b) sensible (c)remotely (c)simple (d)partially (d) daring (e) also (e) intricate Q764.
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, 26.
each of which has been numbered. against each (a) resources
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (b) practice
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (c)talent each case. (d) contribution
These numbers are printed below the passage and against (e) decision
each five words are suggested, one of which fills the blanks Q765. GovernmentAdda.com 27.
markets and online auctions that ( 40 _) you to sell or (a) possesses
—I trade your items or to purchase items that you want. (b) contributes
Negotiation takes place jUst like it did hundreds of years (c)transfers ago. (d) expresses Q769. (e) retains 31. Q766. (a) discovered 28. (b) dates (a) uncertainly (c)began (b)need (d) started (c) calamity (e) initiated (d)difficulty Q770. (e) encounter 32. Q767. (a) bought 29. (b) imagined (a) dominance (c)began (b) endeavour (d) emerged (c)escape (e) invented (d) winning Q771. (e)survival 33. Q768. (a) buy 30. (b)sell (a) vicinity (c)exchange (b) imbalance (d) give (c)stake (e) return (d), decline Q772. (e) dishonour 34. (a) important
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (b) essential,
each of which has been numbered. against each (c) result
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (d) key
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (e) intention each case. Q773.
The barter system for getting goods and serv ices (___31___) 35.
back many Centuries. In most cultures the barter system (a) originated
was used before money was ( 32 _). People who had specific (b) stood
items of services would (___33_ ) these with others (c)generated
for the things they needed. Good negotiation was the ( 34 (d) created
_) to making good trades. While the barter system ( 35___) (e) produced
based on basic needs, today the barter system continues Q774.
to thrive. The barter system transcends the monetary 36.
system. The barter system is making a ( 36 _) today. (a) issue
What makes the barter system even better today than ever (b) comeback
before is that it can now be done globally. In the past (c)withdrawal
bartering was simply done with those that were located (d) recall
nearby. Today the barter system can be used In a much more (e) fading
( 37 _) way than ever before yet it carries with it the same Q775.
basic motivation the need for something that you dont have 37.
and the excess of something that someone else wants. The (a) primitive
barter system is enjoying ( 38 _) interest today. Bartering (b) appreciated
allows you to get the things you need without having to (c)promoted
(___ 39 _) additional money. Instead you can use the things (d), sophisticated
you no longer need or want to get the things you do heed. (e) better There are swap Q776. GovernmentAdda.com 38.
( _49_ ) in the improved stability of the banking system (a) diminishing
and easier ( 50_ ) to capital. (b)revival Q779. (c) perishing 41. (a)tested (d)declining (b)unpredictable (e) renewed (c)under Q777. (d)unquestionable 39. (e)uncharted (a) expend Q780. (b) exchanging 42. (c)expand (a) downturn (d) consume (b) spectrum (e)cost (c) options Q778. (d) hope 40. (e) drama (a) insist Q781. (b) force 43. (c)allow (a) sucking (d) lure (b) pumping (e) constraint (c) forming (d) blocking
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (e) promoting
each of which has been numbered. against each Q782.
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the 44.
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (a) mired each case. (b) safe
The continuing economic crisis has put central banks and (c) above
governments the world over into ( _41_ ) waters. For the (d) unhappy
industrialized West, the question seems to be a choice (e) out
between economic stimulus and jobs, in the hope of Q783.
creating a softer landing, or a swift shock at the hands of 45.
the free markets, in the hope of getting through the (a) market
( 42 _) more quickly. In emerging markets, the question (b) trouble
is how to deal with being the focal point for investors (c) debt
looking to maximise returns. Specifically, for the Federal (d) surplus
Reserve in the United States, that means (___43___) (e) manner
hundreds of billions of dollars into the markets buying Q784.
Treasury bills to increase liquidity. In Europe the concern 46.
is that monetary union may be at risk due to the strains posed (a) positive by eurozone
countries that are (___44 _) in (b) negative
( 45 _). In Asia, on the other hand, economies are (c) trouble
surging, but the prospect of hot money flowing into the (d) growth
region could potentially spell ( _46___) due to overheat (e) process
ingFears that the Feds second, round of quantitative easing Q785.
may lead to a faster pace of ( _47_ ) may be (___48___). 47.
US unemployment remains persistently high at around 10 (a) cost
per cent, while Inflation remains astoundingly low at 1 per (b)depreciation
cent or less, the slowest on record. That’s despite the Feds (c)cooperation
earlier injection of $ 1.7 trillion into the financial system to (d)inflation
avert an economic depression in the wake of the global (e)rate
financial crisis. In contrast to the Feds quantitative easing, Q786.
the European Central Bank has reduced liquidity in the 48.
European banking system by some 350 billion euros (a)challenged
during the past five months. This reflects the central banks GovernmentAdda.com (b)overstated (d)description (c)perfect (e)evolution (d)predicted Q790. (e) simple 52. Q787. (a) coast 49. (b) coastal (a) weakness (c)coasting (b) strength (d) bank (c)correction (e)edge (d) contract Q791. (e) confidence 53. Q788. (a) Igneous 50. (a)denial (b) deposit (b)approval (c)erosion (c)appreciation (d) metamorphic (d)access (e) deposition (e)disposal Q792. 54.
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (a) nursing
each of which has been numbered. against each (b) hospitability
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (c)nourishing
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (d)nursery each case. (e) helpfi
Marine life ( 51 _) along the coast and in the ocean Q793.
results from harmful fishing practices such as trawling or 55.
dynamite fishing poor land practices in agricultural, (a) reclamation
( 52 _) development and forestry sectors and the (b)accumulate
human activities such as mining and anchoring. Destroyed (c)accommodation
habitats include sea grasses, marshes, corals and man, (d)deserting
groves all of which are important nurseries for fish and (e)habitat
critical for buffering coasts from storm damage. Damaging Q794.
habitat can lead to increased ( _53 _) and sedimentation, 56.
increased impact from storms, fewer (___ 54 ) grounds (a) add
and fewer places for animals and plants to live. Destructive (b) impair
fishing, landbased sedimentation, dredging, marine (c)sound
recreation, typhoons and storms, poor agricultural (d) destructive
practices, and coastal dev elopment and land (___55___) (e)construct
Increasingly ( _56___) and devastate productive marine Q795.
habitats. One major ecological impact derives from 57.
increased sediment loads in coastal waters from activities (a) penetrate
such as logging. Sedimentation, which produces turbidity (b) filter
and limits the ( _57 _) of sunlight ( 58 _) primary and (c)obstruction
secondary producers thus altering food web dynamics. The (d)passing
smothering of coral reefs by sediment also (___ 59 _) fish (e) penetration
and produces ecosystem changes. Chemicals in sediments, Q796.
such as DDT or heavy metals , may bio accumulate in 58.
marine life as well. Oil spilling is also major problem for (a) effects
the destruction of the ( 60 _) life. (b) affects Q789. (c)endangers 51. (d)facilitates (a) destruction (e)reduces (b)construction Q797. (c)obstruction 59. (a) Increases GovernmentAdda.com (b) negates (b) compete (c)reduces (c) complete (d) produces (d) surrender (e)reduced (e) commensurate v Q798. Q801. 60. 63. (a) coasted (a) inspite (b) ocean (b) additional (c)marine (c) in addition (d) land (d) despite (e) forest (e) despite of Q802.
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, 64.
each of which has been numbered. against each (a) fact
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (b) quality
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (c) fault each case. (d) default
The rise of Asian manufacturers in the 1990s hit African (e) fiction
firms hard many were wiped out. Northern Nigeria, which Q803.
once had a ( 61_ ) garments industry, was unable to 65.
( 62 _) with low cost imports. South Africa has similar (a) specific
problems its manufacturing failed to grow last year (b) especially
( 63 _) the continental boom. This is partly the (c) particular
( 64 _) of governments. Buoyed by commodity income, they (d) partially
have neglected industry’s needs, ( 65_ ) for roads and (e) generally
electricity. But that, too, iay at last be changing. Wolfgang Q804.
Fengit a World Bank economist, says, Aira is now in a good 66.
position to industrialise with the right mix of ingredients. (a) favourable
This includes ( _66_ ) demography, urbanisation, (b) favourably
an emerging middle class and strong services. For this to (c) ferocious
happen, he adds, the continent will need to scale up its (d) special
infrastructure ( 67_ ) and improve the business climate (e) contrast
and many (African countries have started to ( _68___) Q805.
these challenges in recent years. Kenya is not about to 67.
become ( _69_ ) next South Korea. African countries are (a) expenditures
likely to follow a more diverse path, benefiting from the (b)disinvestment
growth of countless small and medium sized businesses, as (c)investments
well as some big ones. For the next decade or so, services (d)development
will still generate more jobs and wealth in Africa than (e) developing
manufacturing, which is fine. India has ( 70___) for more Q806.
than two decades ori the back of services, while steadily 68.
building a manufacturing sector from a very low base. Do (a) tackle
not bet against Africa doing the same. (b) tackling Q799. (c) decrease 61. (d) increase (a) thriving (e) improve (b) flourish Q807. (c) detractive 69. (a) (d) dooming a (b) (e) repulsive an (c) Q800. the 62. (d) such (a) competed (e) for Q808. GovernmentAdda.com 70. Q813. (a) boomed 5. (b) booming (a) maintained (c) boom (b) illustrated (d) expand (c) marginalized (e) plummeted (d) bestowed (e) forsaken
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, Q814.
each of which has been numbered. against each 6.
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (a) vast
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (b) brief each case. (c) formal
In these days of economic liberalisation, globalisati on, etc. (d) clean
materialistic values have assumed 1) importance, Money, (e) distinct
physical comforts and luxuries are the most sought after Q815.
aspects. There has been ( _2 _) competition. Such 7.
competition ( 3 _) undue stress. The stress leads to ( 4_ ) (a)dormant
of health of the people. Indian culture has ( 51 its (b) dedicated
striking uniqueness, as against the Western culture, iri the (c) vital
fact that there is a ( _6___) place for spiritualism in (d) common
our value system in all walks of life. The spirituality is a (e) dynamic
very ( 7 _) force which helps us In maintaining our physical Q816.
and mental health. It gives us ( 8_ ) to cope With the 8.
stress. Westerners have now ( 9_ ) the importance of (a) strength
spirituality and, therefore, they have started ( _10_ ) us in (b) tips the matter of spirituality. (c) clearance Q809. (d) sermons 1. (e) idealsj (a) usual Q817. (b) little 9. (c) tangible (a) informed (d) least (b) narrated (e) greater (c) intensified Q810. (d) realised 2. (e) invented (a) critical Q818. (b) unhealthy 10. (c) unequalled (a) encouraging (d) no (b) imitating (e) absolute (c) blaming Q811. (d)preaching 3. (e) assuming (a) releases (b) deserves
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) generates
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) demonstrates
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) suppresses
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q812. each case. 4.
If we examine the opportunities for education of girls or (a) neglect
women in the less developed countries we usually find a ( (b) illness
_11_ ) picture. In some countries the ratio ( ___ 12___) (c) generation
boys to girls in secondary schools Is (___ 13 _) then seven (d) deterioration to one. In Afghanistan, Turkey and (e) encroachment Tunisia( 14_ )sizeable towns have some sort GovernmentAdda.com
of( 15 _)where boys from a village may (___ 16___)
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks,
while they attend high school (___17 _) there are no such
each of which has been numbered. against each facilities for girls.
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the Q819.
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in 11. each case. (a) dismal
Studies ( _18_ ) the impact of computer models to (b) hazy
support policymaking processes in organizations have ( (c) bright
_19_ ) that client involvement in the model building (d) dull
process is often a (___20___) for effective model building. (e) None of these
One important reason is that the process of model building Q820.
is frequently more important than the resulting model. Model 12.
building itself is largely a (___21 _) process about the (a) from
problem. Most (___22___) about the characteristics of an (b) of
ill structured problem are gained during the (___23___) (c) in
process of designing a computer model, rather than after (d) for
the model is finished. Another important reason is that most (e) None of these
information in an organisation (___24_ ) in the mental Q821.
models of organisation members. To support policy making 13.
in organisation it is this knowledge which needs to be ( (a) lesser
25_ ) and represented in the model. An important topic (b) smaller
in client oriented or ( _26 _) model building thus (c) better
becomes the ( 27 _) of relevant knowledge contained in (d) more
the mental models of participants. (e) None of these Q826. Q822. 18. 14. (a) evaluating (a) no (b) focussing (b) more (c)projecting (c) most (d) advocating (d) very (e)directing (e) None of these Q827. Q823. 19. 15. (a)devised (a) school (b)exhibited (b) hotel (c)convinced (c) office (d)attributed (d) hostel (e) indicated (e) None of these Q828. Q824. 20. (a)support 16. (b)valuation (a) eat (c)prerequisite (b) remain (d) material (c) study (e) blueprint (d) live Q829. 21. (e) None of these Q825. (a) valuable 17. (b) durable (a) moreover (c) tedious (b) and (d) learning (c) however (e) critical (d) even Q830. 22. (e) None of these (a) thinking GovernmentAdda.com (b) insights
of pollution that has entered our environment over the ( (c) planning
_33_ ) so many years far (___34 _) the earths inherent (d), appreciation
ability to heal itself .Along with pollution, mass deforestation (e) opinions
has Eilso ( _35 ) a growing problem to the health of Q831.
our environment. The (___36 ) of forests without 23.
sufficient reforestation has gradually worn down natures (a) elongated
natural defence against air pollution, desertification, and (b) concentrated
soil nutrient loss. This loss has reached to a point that we (c) iterative
are now ( _37 _) a world in the near future without trees, (d) evolving
which would ultimately mean a world without people. (e) consumate Q836. Q832. 28. 24. (a) disappears (a) resides (b) demolishes (b) follows (c) stops (c) settles (d) remains (d) lays (e) destroys (e) committed Q837. Q833. 29. 25. (a) backed (a) extended (b) built (b) bisected (c) broken (c) subjected (d) realized (d) captured (e) woken (e) attributed Q838. Q834. 30. 26. (a) adverse (a) revolving (b) evil (b) interactive (c) insecure (c) dogmatic (d) harmful (d) accentuated (e) worse (e) formative Q839. Q835. 31. 27. (a) never (a) demarcation (b) throughout (b) formation (c) always (c)proliferation (d) everywhere (d) association (e) forever (e) elicitation Q840. 32.
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (a) evolved (b)
each of which has been numbered. against each prompted (c)
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the contributed (d)
blank appropriately. find out the appr opriate word in imparted (e) each case. encouraged
There once was a time when people thought of the Q841.
environment, they thought of its beauty. But now as the 33.
natural beauty of the earth ( _28_ ) many people around (a) recent
the world have ( 29_ ) up to the realities of Just how (b) ancient
fragile our earth actually is. Central to this issue is pollution, (c) departed
which involves the production of (___ 30___) substances (d) coming
into the air, land, and water. Although pollution has been (e) past
occurring ( 31___) the earth’s history, the rate by which Q842.
the human species have (_ 32_ ) to the amount GovernmentAdda.com 34. (a)busy (a) exceeds (b) first (b) outnumbers (c) quiet (c) continues (d) one (d) matches (e) None of these (e) expands Q848. Q843. 40. 35. (a) but (a) answered (b) and (b) comprise (c) or (c) posed (d) so (d) resulted (e) None of these (e) solved Q849. Q844. 41. 36. (a) to (a)expansion (b) for (b)finishing (c) on (c)withdraw (d) at (d)missing (e) None of these (e) cutting Q850. Q845. 42. (a) 37. to (b) of (a)expressing (c) with (b)facing (d) among (c)overcoming (e) None of these (d)venturing Q851. (e) wishing 43. (a) attending
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (b) visiting
each of which has been numbered. against each (c) reading
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (d) participating
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (e) None of these each case. Q852.
Barcelona is not one of the most beautiful cities in the 44.
world it is a busy, noisy, moneymaking city. All the same, on (a) That
a warm spring morning ( _38 _) are some fine places to (b) When
spend a (___39_ ) hour or two. The Rambles, a tree (c) It
lined avenue as broad (___40 _) as beautiful as any Paris (d) Which
boulevard, is magical ( _41 ) that time of the day, (e) None of these
presenting a colourful symphony (___42_ ) flowers, Q853.
sunlight and people. Andrews was ( 43___) an 45.
international conference in Barcelona. (___44_ ) was the (a) visited
first time he had ( 45_ ) to the city. Like most people he (b) been
had ( 46 _) as lot about the Rambles and was (___ 47___) (c) come to go there. (d) gone Q846. (e) None of these 38. Q854. (a) there 46. (b) their (a) listened (c) those (b) seen (d) where (c) looked (e) None of these (d) heard Q847. (e) None of these 39. GovernmentAdda.com Q855. (a) Compared 47. (b) Similar (a) eager (c) Unlike (b) wishing (d) Balanced (c) prepared (e) Alike (d) busy Q860. (e) None of these 52. (a) in
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (b) back
each of which has been numbered. against each (c) up
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (d) behind
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in (e) slow each case. Q861.
The insurance industry is ( 48_ ) myriad challenges 53.
arising from intense competition, rising regulatory (a) especially,
compliance and growing payouts ( _49_ ) to fraud and (b) important
natural disasters. It is (___50 _) that competitive (c) precise
pressures will make offshoring of information technology (d) main
(IT) and business processes, a growing imperative in the (e) regularly
insurance industry( 51_ ) to mainstream banking and Q862.
financial services, where the early adoption of automation 54.
and IT helped facilitate outsourcing, first in IT services and (a) benefit
later in BPO, the insurance industry has lagged (___ 52___). (b) advantages
This is one reason why insurance companies have been (c) measures
more conservative in their attitude to business process (d) losses
outsourcing, a11 ( _53_ ) to off shoring. With expected (e) detriments
cost savings of 30% to 40%, and other ( 54_ ) such as Q863.
focusing on core competencies and (___55 _) to skilled 55.
labour, it is ( 56 _) that the insurance off shoring industry is (a) excess
(_ 57_ ) for significant growth in the next three to four (b) open years. (c) availability Q856. (d) gain , 48. (e) access (a) looking Q864. (b) pressing 56. (c) watching (a) deem (d) facing (b) timed (e) focusing (c) believed Q857. (d) idea 49. (e) doubted of (a) reason Q865. (b) due 57. (c) owed (a) available (d) lent (b)assured (e) made (c)poised Q858. (d) gear 50. (e) concentrated (a) featured
( _58_ ) her monumental reputation the Mona Lisa was a (b) proof
( _59_ ) thirty-one inches by twenty one inches, smaller (c) wanted
even than the poster of her sold in the Louvre Gift shop. (d) thought
She hung on the north west wall of the Salle des Etats ( _60_ (e) expected
) a two inch thick pane of protective plexiglas. Painted Q859.
on a popular wood panel her ( 61 _) mist filled atmosphere 51.
was attributed to Da Vincis mastery of the GovernmentAdda.com
sfumato style, in which forms appear to (___62___) in to one 63. another. (a)co9olation Q866. (b)satisfaction 58. (c)remuneration (a) Despite (d)reward (b)Unlikely to (e) None of these (c)Even with Q872. (d)None of the above 64. (e) like with (a) betterment Q867. (b)benefit 59. (c)advantage (a) Only (d) profit (b)Mere (e) None of these (c)Just Q873. (d) None of the above 65. (e) few (a) complete Q868. (b) full 60. (c)perfect (a) In (d) whole (b)On (e) None of these (c)Behind, Q874. (d) None of the above 66. (e) of (a) discovering Q869. (b)creating 61. (c)making (a) Ethereal (d) attempting (b)Curious (e) None of these (c)Pictorial Q875. (d) None of the above 67. (e) picture (a) often Q870. (b) generally 62. (c)always (a) Get duplicated (d) invariably (b)Evaporate (e) None of these (c)Constituted Q876. (d)None of the above 68. (e) formed (a) riddles (b) obstructions
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c)doubts
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) difficulties
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) None of these
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q877. each case. 69.
Its earlier days, a handicraftsman, the typical labourer, (a) trade
received a certain ( 63_ ) from the work he did, His (b) work
efforts were mostly to his own (___64_ ). He saw the fruits (c)talent
of his own work in— the ( 65_ ) object he produced. (d) attempt Moreover,
the (___66 _) of this object (___67___) (e) None of these
demanded his adaptability or inventive nes s to overcome the Q878.
( 68___) which arose. In a real sense one can speak of his 70.
( 69___). Today all is ( _70___). A standardised job is (a) disappeared
done in a standardized ( 71 ) and a standardised job for a (b)revolutionised
standardised (___72___). (c)changed Q871. (d) reversed GovernmentAdda.com (e) None of these (a) realise Q879. (b) claim 71. (c) discover (a) mode (d) recommend (b) manner (e) criticise (c)method Q884. (d) style 76. (e) None of these (a) deplete Q880. (b) plunge 72. (c) declined (a) pay (d) weaken (b)remuneration (e) fell (c)salary Q885. (d)wage 77. (e) None of these (a) difference (b) effect
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c) contrast
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) question
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) option
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in each case.
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks,
Recently the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank
each of which has been numbered. against each
(ADB) released separate reports on poverty. The World Bank
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the
Report (___73_ ) Its benchmark of extreme poverty by 25
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in
cents from $1 per person per day to $ 1.25per person a each case.
day. The ADB announced an even higher benchmark of
Without doubt there is one thing (___78_ ) to all of us we $1,35per person a day. These new
have all played a game at some time in our lives. Most of us
benchmarks are ( 74 _) on surveys in the world’s
play to relax or have fun, but for many, playing a game or a
poorest Countries. Experts often like to (___ 75 ) that
sport is a way to ( 79 _) poverty behind. In fact, In many
poverty has declined because of economic growth in India
African countries, playing a sport professionally can (
and China. This is wrong and misleading. In the past twenty-
_80___) the lives of a person’s entire family. For example, in
five years the poverty rate in India has (___76___) by less
the small town of Bekoji, in Ethiopia (___81 _) than a
than one percentage point a year. Whether we use a poverty
hundred boys and girls can be seen running at dawn
line of $1 per person per day or $1.25 per person per day
everyday. Each of these youth is ( 82 _) and serious and
makes little ( _77 _). The number of poor In India is
their coach is ( 83 _) that one of them will be a world
large. The purpose of these statistics is not to dispute
champion. This seems like an idle (___84_ ) but it is
them but to study whether the benefits of
virtually a guarantee in this small community (___ 85___)
economic growth are being shared with the poor.
mainly farmers. Many of the fastest male and female Q881.
distance runners in the world hail from this small town. A 73.
small hand painted sign which greets visitors outside Bekoji (a) heightened
( _86___) Welcome to the Village of Athletes. Children (b) announced
here start running at an early age, ( 87_ ) great distances (c) raised
to fetch water and firewood or to reach school. At the (d) maintained
Olympics, runners from this small town are likely to win (e) notified
more medals than those from developed countries. It will Q882.
give their families a way out of poverty. 74. Q886. (a) based 78. (b) collected (a)popular (c) inferred (b)accepted (d) derived (c)common (e) gathered (d)alike Q883. (e)similar 75. Q887. GovernmentAdda.com 79. (a)leave (e) reads (b)alleviate Q895. (c)forgot 87. (d)prevent (a) competing (e)reduce (b) covering Q888. (c)driving 80. (d) measuring (a)shift (e) following (b)changes (c)arrange
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (d)control
each of which has been numbered. against each (e)transform
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the Q889.
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in 81. each case. (a)larger
According to a report on 1991, there were about 5.4 (b)further
billion people in the world. From 1990 to 1991, the (c)more
population increased by 95 _ million and now has continued (d)greater
to grow at that rate. This may (___88 ) to be new (e)over
danger, but if one were to think of it as a pond doubling its Q890.
amount of lily pads for ___40 days, they would see it ( 82.
89 ). It will start out with one lily pad, the next day it will (a) performed
have two and on the 39___th day it will be ( _90_ ) (b)concentrated
filled. The Earth’s population is doubling every ___40___ (c)rival
years. We don’t want to wait until the (d)focused
_79 _th year to (___91 ) Our problem or else (e)playful
humankind will not have enough time to change the Q891.
inevitable (___92_ ) that come with overpopulation. An 83.
expert on the subject believes the impact on the (a) confident
environment is equal to the population multiplied by the (b) convince
affluence, which means the amount of energy and food supply (c)optimist
the population (___93 ). Therefore, with a larger (d) intended
population, there is a ( _94_ ) impact on the Earths (e)privilege
water, air and land. A common problem, that people thi nk is Q892.
associated with overpopulation is associated (___ 95___) 84.
out of space to live, but there are also many other (a) precaution
environmental predicaments that it ( 96_ ) More people (b)boast
use more cars, need more water ( 97_ ). Therefore, (c)suspicion
population control is necessary on an international level in (d) risk
order to protect our environment. (e)worship Q896. Q893. 88. 85. (a) Appear (a) for (b) seems (b)existing (c) apparent (c)that (d) figure (d) comprising (e) believed (e) consisting Q897. Q894. 89. 86. (a) Accusingly (a) wish (b)differently (b) warn (c)faithfully (c) inform (d)fact (d) notices (e)cleared Q898. GovernmentAdda.com 90. (e)depletion (a) Completely (b)subtly
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (c)forever
each of which has been numbered. against each (d) little
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) not
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q899. each case. 91.
There are experts who believe that population control is (a)Answer
not needed such as in Singapore. The government in (b)support
Singapore decided that it would be ( _98___) for the (c)elevate
country to grow in population so that they are able to help (d)fix
their economy. Many less developed countries (___99___) (e) pick
population growth because they want their economy to Q900.
grow The experts who believe that it is better, for us to let 92.
the population increase or decrease on its own also think (a) Obstacles
that overpopulation will ( _100_ ) become a , problem. (b) high
Justification for this argument is that humans will adjust (c)personalities
themselves to the ( _101___) population because they are (d)doom
a species that are able to think, make decisions, and find (e)collisions
solutions when they (___102 _) a problem Advocates for Q901.
this argument think that there is no need to (___103___) 93.
about environmental problems because there is or will be (a) Assembles
technology to fix the problems. As for with the (___104___) (b)makes
amount of resources, they believe that there would be (c)consumes
more people to think of new ways to make it easier or (d)follows
faster to get newer and more food and energy resources. Even (e)gives
during this time period, scientists are (___105 _) to Q902.
discover a new way for people to live elsewhere such as 94.
under the sea. Many people believe that overpopulation will (a)Minuscule
cause and (___106___) caused many environmental (b)regular
problems, but they don’t think telling families how many (c) enhanced
children they are allowed to have Is the way to control the (d) alternate
population. However there has not been any other ( _107 (e)greater
_) suggestion on how to lower population growth, so Q903.
limiting families to two children is the only solution. 95. Q906. (a) going 98. (b) be (a) better (c) Running (b)bad (c)worse (d) not (d)discouraging (e) travelling (e)innovation Q904. Q907. 96. 99. (a) Results (a) demote (b)creates (b)discourage (c)hampers (c)promote (d)causes (d)promoted (e)substantiates (e)degraded Q905. Q908. 97. 100. (a) Table (a) over (b)availability (b) ever (c)sources (c)always (d)reception GovernmentAdda.com (d) often
number, five words are suggested, one of which fits the (e) never
blank appropriately. find out the appropriate word in Q909. each case. 101.
There are experts who believe that population control is (a) growth
not needed such as in Singapore. The government in (b)growing
Singapore decided that it would be better for the country to (c)decrease
grow population so that they are ( 108___) to help (d)decreasing
their economy. Many less developed countries (___ 109___) (e) grown
population growth because they want their economy to Q910.
grow. The experts who believe that it is better for us to let 102.
the population to increase or decrease on its own also think (a) encounter
that over population will never (___110___) a (b) encountered
problem. (___111___) for this thinking is that humans will (c)encounters
adjust to the growing population because they are a (d) faces
species that are able to think, make decisions and find (e) challenges
solutions when they( _112 _)a problem. Advocates of Q911.
this( 113 )think that there is no need to worry about 103.
environmental problems because there is or will be (a) worried
technology to fix the problems. As for the (___ 114___) (b)worrying
amount of resources, they believe that there would be (c)worries
more people to think, of new Ways to make it easier or (d)worry
faster to get newer and more food and energy resources. (e) please
Many people believe that overpopulation will cause and Q912.
has caused many environmental problems, but they don’t 104.
think ( 115_ ) families how many children they are (a) limit
allowed to have is the (___116_ ) to control the (b) unlimited
population, However, there has not been any other ( _117 (c)plentiful
_) suggestion on how to lower population growth, so (d) limited
limiting families to two children is the only solution. The (e) limiting
worry about population started when it was noticed that Q913.
many of the earth’s resources and environment were being 105. (a) try hurt. (b)tried Q916. (c)trying 108. (d)throwing (a) able (e) think (b) made Q914. (c) tried 106. (d) successful (a) have (e) catering (b)had Q917. (c)has 109. (d)will be (a) farther (e) has been (b) promote Q915. (c) witness 107. (d) subject (a) plausible (e) demote (b)unreasonable Q918. (c)ill 110. (d)discouraging (a) lead (e)worthless (b) become (c)cause
Directions: in the following passage there are blanks, (d) provide
each of which has been numbere d. against each (e) have Q919. GovernmentAdda.com 111. (e)decreasing (a) knowledge Q923. (b)reasons 115. (c) projecting (a)that (d)truth (b)for (e)Anticipation (c)about Q920. (d)of 112. (e)since (a) allow Q924. (b) generalise 116. (c)encounter (a)solution (d) find (b)method (e) suffer (c)find Q921. (d)sample 113. (e)importance (a) purpose Q925. (b) mentality 117. (c) perception (a)valid (d)mind (b)good (e) always (c)enough Q922. (d)successful 114. (e)practical (a) less (b) more (c) fewer (d) smaller ANSWERS : 1 d 2 b 3 e 4 c 5 b 6 a 7 c 8 e 9 d 10 a 11 c 12 d 13 e 14 b 15 c 16 e 17 c 18 b 19 c 20 e 21 b 22 d 23 b 24 b 25 d 26 c 27 a 28 e 29 a 30 b 31 d 32 c 33 b 34 a 35 e 36 c 37 b 38 d 39 d 40 b 41 b 42 a 43 b 44 a 45 d 46 e 47 e 48 c 49 e 50 b 51 d 52 c 53 b 54 c 55 d 56 b 57 e 58 c 59 a 60 b 61 d 62 d 63 a 64 c 65 b 66 e 67 c 68 d 69 a 70 c 71 d 72 e 73 b 74 b 75 d 76 a 77 c 78 b 79 a 80 e 81 d 82 e 83 c 84 b 85 c 86 d 87 a 88 b 89 e 90 c 91 d 92 a 93 e 94 c 95 a 96 d 97 e 98 b 99 c 100d
101 e 102 a 103 b 104 c 105 b 106 e 107 d 108 a 109 d 110 e 111 c 112 b 113 a 114 e
115 b 116 d 117 a 118 c 119 e 120 c 121 b 122 b 123 e 124 a 125 b 126 c 127 e 128 a 129 d 130 d 131 c 132 b 133 c
134 c 135 a 136 d 137 e 138 a 139 b 140 d 141 c 142 e
143 b 144 b 145 e 146 c 147 d 148 a 149 e 150 c 151 d 152 a 153 b 154 d 155 a 156 d 157 d 158 e 159 a 160 b 161 e
162 c 163 c 164 b 165 d 166 a 167 c 168 e 169 c 170 b 171 e 172 d 173 e 174 d 175 e 176 c
177 a 178 b 179 d 180 d 181 d 182 e 183 a 184 e
185 c 186 b 187 d 188 a 189 d 190 a 191 b 192 c 193 e 194 d 195 b 196 c 197 a 198 e 199 c
200 d 201 b 202 e 203 b 204 d 205 e 206 c 207 a 208 b 209 d 210 c 211 d 212 e 213 a 214 c 215 e 216 b 217 a 218 b 219 d 220 a 221 c 222 d 223 e 224 a 225 d 226 b 227 c
228 b 229 a 230 b 231 d 232 e 233 c 234 e 235 d 236 c 237 a 238 d 239 e 240 b 241 c
242 c 243 a 244 d 245 a 246 c 247 a 248 b 249 e 250 d 251 d 252 b 253 c 254 b 255 a 256 e 257 b 258 c 259 c
260 d 261 d 262 d 263 c 264 a 265 c 266 c 267 a 268 e 269 b 270 b 271 e 272 d 273 c 274 b 275 d 276 a 277 c 278 d 279 e 280 c 281 d 282 b
283 a 284 c 285 b 286 e 287 b 288 d 289 b 290 a 291 c 292 a 293 d 294 b 295 e 296 c 297 a 298 c 299 a 300 b 301 e
302 d 303 a 304 b 305 d 306 b 307 a 308 e 309 e 310 d 311 c
312 d 313 a 314 b 315 a 316 c 317 b 318 d 319 a 320 b 321 c 322 c 323 d 324 a
325 a 326 e 327 b 328 b 329 b 330 e 331 a
332 d 333 e 334 d 335 d 336 a 337 e GovernmentAdda.com 338 a 339 b 340 e 341 b 342 a 343 c 344 d 345 e 346 c 347 e 348 a 349 d 350 e 351 b 352 a 353 c 354 e 355 c 356 b 357 c 358 b 359 e 360 d 361 b 362 d 363 e 364 c 365 a 366 c
367 b 368 a 369 d 370 a 371 b 372 d 373 e 374 a 375 c 376 b 377 c 378 b 379 b 380 a 381 c 382 c 383 d 384 d 385 b 386 d 387 c 388 e 389 d 390 e 391 e 392 a 393 b 394 d 395 b 396 a 397 b 398 d 399 e 400 a 401 c
402 e 403 c 404 d 405 b 406 a 407 b 408 d 409 e 410 a 411 c 412 e 413 c 414 e 415 e 416 a 417 a 418 a 419 b 420 e 421 d 422 a 423 d 424 a 425 a 426 a 427 c 428 c 429 e 430 d 431 b 432 e 433 d 434 b 435 e 436 b 437 a 438 b 439 c 440 d 441 a 442 e 443 d 444 c 445 a 446 d 447 e 448 a 449 b 450 d 451 c 452 e 453 b 454 a 455 b 456 c 457 e 458 a 459 a 460 c 461 a 462 b 463 c 464 a 465 d 466 b 467 e 468 b 469 c 470 e 471 b 472 a 473 d 474 a 475 b 476 c 477 b 478 e
479 a 480 a 481 b 482 e 483 a 484 b 485 a 486 d 487 a 488 c 489 b 490 a 491 b 492 e 493 b 494 a 495 b 496 c 497 b 498 b 499 d 500 a 501 c 502 c 503 a 504 a 505 e 506 a 507 c 508 b 509 e 510 b 511 b 512 d 513 b 514 c 515 b 516 e 517 d 518 d 519 b 520 b 521 c 522 e 523 a 524 c 525 d 526 a 527 e 528 b 529 c 530 a 531 b 532 e 533 c 534 d 535 a 536 c 537 e 538 b 539 c 540 d 541 a 542 e 543 b 544 e 545 b 546 e 547 a 548 c 549 e 550 c 551 b 552 d 553 a 554 c 555 d 556 a 557 e 558 b 559 e 560 b 561 d 562 a 563 c 564 e 565 b 566 c 567 d 568 a 569 e 570 c 571 a 572 d 573 b 574 c 575 b 576 c 577 d 578 a 579 a 580 d 581 e 582 e 583 d 584 e 585 b 586 d 587 b 588 d 589 e 590 a 591 e 592 d 593 a 594 a 595 d 596 b 597 e 598 e 599 e 600 d 601 b 602 a 603 c 604 a
605 d 606 d 607 b 608 e 609 e 610 c 611 d 612 b 613 b 614 e 615 d 616 a 617 c 618 c 619 a 620 a 621 d 622 e 623 c 624 e 625 d 626 b 627 c 628 b 629 a 630 e 631 c 632 b 633 d 634 d 635 b 636 b 637 a 638 b 639 d 640 b 641 e 642 a 643 e 644 c 645 a 646 d 647 a 648 e 649 b 650 d 651 a 652 c 653 e 654 c 655 b 656 a 657 e 658 a 659 b 660 c
661 e 662 a 663 d 664 e 665 d 666 b 667 a 668 a 669 b 670 d 671 a 672 c 673 e 674 c 675 b 676 a 677 e 678 a 679 b 680 d 681 d 682 c 683 c 684 c 685 d 686 c 687 a 688 c 689 a 690 b 691 c 692 a 693 c 694 b 695 a
696 b 697 d 698 a 699 b 700 c 701 a 702 b 703 d 704 a 705 d 706 e 707 a 708 d 709 b 710 a 711 c 712 a 713 b 714 c 715 e 716 b 717 e 718 a 719 e 720 b 721 a 722 d 723 c 724 a 725 e 726 d 727 b 728 c 729 c 730 c 731 a 732 b 733 d 734 e 735 e 736 a 737 b 738 d 739 c 740 e 741 c 742 d 743 b 744 a 745 d 746 e 747 b 748 a 749 a 750 d 751 b 752 c 753 e 754 b 755 b 756 c 757 a 758 e 759 e 760 a 761 d 762 a 763 e 764 c 765 b 766 b 767 e 768 c 769 b 770 e 771 c 772 d 773 a 774 b 775 d 776 e 777 a 778 c 779 e 780 a 781 b 782 a 783 c 784 c 785 d 786 b 787 e 788 d 789 a 790 b 791 c 792 d 793 a 794 b 795 e 796 b 797 c 798 c 799 a 800 b 801 d 802 c 803 b 804 a 805 c 806 a 807 c 808 a 809 e 810 b 811 c 812 d 813 a 814 e 815 c 816 a 817 d 818 b 819 a 820 b 821 d 822 c 823 d 824 d 825 c 826 b 827 e 828 a 829 d 830 c 831 d 832 d 833 e 834 e 835 c
836 a 837 d 838 e 839 b 840 c 841 d 842 a 843 c 844 e 845 b 846 a 847 c 848 b 849 d 850 b 851 a 852 a 853 d 854 d 855 a 856 d
857 b 858 e 859 a 860 d 861 a 862 c 863 e 864 c 865 c 866 a 867 b 868 c 869 a 870 a 871 b 872 c 873 d 874 c 875 a 876 b 877 c 878 c 879 a 880 b 881 c 882 a 883 b 884 c
885 a 886 c 887 b 888 e 889 c 890 d 891 a 892 c 893 d 894 e 895 b 896 e 897 b 898 a 899 c 900 a 901 c
902 e 903 d 904 d 905 e 906 a 907 c 908 e 909 b 910 a 911 d 912 d 913 c 914 c 915 a 916 a 917 b 918 c 919 e 920 c 921 c 922 e 923 c 924 a 925 a