Cornucopia word formation collection

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T R IN H T H A N H T R U N G

C OLLE CTION

1 

I j j

]

DONG NAI PUBLISHING HOUSE

R E F E R E N C E B O O K L E T

FOR A d v a n c e d Le a r n e r s

Contents

O ffici a l Test 1 1

W ord F orm ation Resource 1 1Sublist I 2

W ord F ormation Practi ce 1A 3

W ord F ormation Resource 1 1

Sublist 2 5

W ord F ormation Practice IB 6

Mock Test 1 8

W ord F ormation Resource 2

Sublist 1

W ord Formation Practice 2A

W ord Formation Resource 2

Sublist 2

W ord F ormation Practice 2B

Mock Test 2 16

W ord F ormation Resource 3

Sublist 1

W ord F orm ation Practice 3A

W ord F ormation Resource 3 Sublist 2

W ord F ormation Practice 3A 23

O ffici a l Test 2 26

W ord F ormation Resource 4

1 Sublist 1 27

W ord F ormation Practice 4A

W ord F ormation Resource 4

1 Sublist 2 31

W ord Formation Practice 4B

O fficial Test 3 38

W ord Formation Resource 5

W ord Formation Practice 5

Supplementary Practice 1 43

Supplementary Practice 2 45

Supplementary Practice 3 48

W ord F ormation Extra Pract ice A -B 51

W ord F orm ation Extra Practice C -D 60

Key 70

Ind ex o f He adwords 77

Official Test 1

Grade 10

\Olympic Contest

Use th e word given in capit als at the end o f each sentence to form a word th at fits in the

corresponding space.

1 The planning authorities gave the school t h e

___________

for an extension. (GO)

2 I wa nt to make sure all my dependents will be financially secure if I

___________

in any way.

(CAPACITY)

3 He is a bad manager in th at factory and everyone is in an att empt t o

___________

him. (FAME)

4 The referee who will b e

___________

at this year

s F. A. Club final is one of my relatives,

you know. (O FFICIAL)

5 I was surprised by his___________to break the law. (PREPARE)

6 It thrives in a vacuum of consumer information th at might give everybody a(n)

___________

reason t o go somewhere el se. (REFUTE)

7 She stood there com ple te ly___________, so I had no idea at al l what she was thinking.

(EXPRESSION)

8 Throughout the 1790s, he worked hard to secure the interest of we althy patrons.

Such

___________

enabled him to concentrate on becoming a successful composer. (PATRON)

9 Children who grow up in tim e of war are more likely to b e

___________

than others. (ADJUST)

10 The years in isolation and adversity had deepened his

__________

. (KNOW)

Choose th e suitable w ord from th e box and supply its correct form th a t fits in each space.

REGULAR

TOUR FORCE INSTRUMENT COMMENT

SUPPOSEDLY

FANTASIA CUSTOM SUBSTANCE CONCEIVE

Tourism, holidaymaking and travel are these days more significant social phenomena than

most (1) ___________ have considered. Tourism is a leisure activity which (2)

___________

i ts

opposite namely regulated or organised work. It i s one manifestation of how work and leisure are

organised as separate and regulated spheres of social practice in modern societies. Indeed, acting

as a tourist i s one of the defining characteristics of being modern and the popular (3 )___________

of tourism is tha t it is organised within particular places and occurs for (4 )

__________

periods of

tim e. Tourist relationships arise from a movement of people to and their stay in various

destinations. This (5 )___________involves some movement that is a new place or places. The

journey and the stay are, by definition, outside th e normal places of residence and work, and are of

a short t erm and t emporary nature, and there is a clear intention to return home within a relatively

short period of time.

A (6 )

___________

proportion of th e population of modern societies engages in such tourist

practices. New socialised forms of provision have developed in order to cope with th e mass

character of the gazes of tourists as opposed to the individual character of travel. Places are

chosen to be visited and be gazed upon because there is an anticip ation especially through

daydreaming and ( 7 )

___________

of intense pleasures, either on a diff ere nt scale or involving

different senses from those ( 8 )

___________

encountered. Such anticipation is constructed and

sustained through a variety of (9)

_______

practices such as films, TV, literature, magazines,

records and videos which construct and (1 0 )

__________

this daydreaming.

Kev

Official Test 1

go-ahead 6 irrefutable

1 commentators 6 substantial

incapacit ated

expressionless

fig

2 presupposes 7 fantasy

defame 8

pat ronage 3 concept 8 customarily

officiating 9

maladjusted 4 regularised 9 non-tourist

preparedness 10 self-knowledge

5 instrumentally

10 reinforce

go-ahead

incapacitate

defame

officiating

preparedness

irrefutable

expressionessless

patronage

maladjusted

self-knowledge

presupposes

concept

regularised

instrumentally

substantial

fantasy

customarily

non-tourist

reinforce

Word Formation Resource 1

Sublist 1

1 ADJUST

2 CAPABLE

3 EXPRESS

4 FAME

5 GO

6 KNOW

7 OFFICIAL

8 PATRON

9 PREPARE

10 REFUTE

adjustability, adjustable(-rate), adjustage, adjustive, adjustment(al),

age-adjusted, co-adjust, i ll-adjusted; inflation-adjusted, maladjusted,

misadjust(ed), readjust(ment), self-adjusting, self-adjustment, unadjusted,

well -adjusted

biocapacity, (in)capability, incapable, (in)capacious, (in)capacity, overcapacity,

capacitance, incapacitant, (in)capacitate, (i n)capacitation, capacitive, decapacitation,

discapacitate, nuclear-capable, recapacitate, recapacitation

(in)expressible, expressionable, expressional, expressionism, expressionismus,

expressionist(ic), expressionless, (in)expressive, expressway, misexpress(ed),

neo-expressionism, overexpress(ed), re-express(ion), self-expression,

sel f-expressive, unexpressed, unexpressive, well-expressed

defamation, defamatory, defame(d), far-famed, ill-famed, infamous, infamy,

well-famed, world-famous

aforegoing, all-gone, begone, before-going, bygone(s), fore|go/gone/going,

forgo, forthgoing, go-aheadative, go-aheadish, go-ahead(ness), go-alone,

go-(a)round, go-anywhere, go-ashore, go(ing)-away, go-back, go-before,

go(er)-between, go-by(-ground), go-down, go-get t er, get-go, go-in,

going-about, going-out, going-over, goings-on, goneness, gone-by, go-off,

go-see, go-to(-meeting), ingoing, off-go(ing), ongoing(s), outgo, outgoing(s),

overgo(ing), near(be)going, nearbegone, steady-going, thoroughgoing,

undergo, unforegone, ungone, upgo(ing), way-goer, way-going, well-going,

woebegone

church/cinema/concert/film/home/movie/museum/party/play/race/rally/theatre-

goer, home/movie/museum/ocean/party/play/sea/shore/road-going, come-and-go,

easy-going, free-going, game-going, go-bag, go-cart, go-cup, go-devil, go-easy,

go-fast(er), go-for-broke, go-for-it, go-go, go-juice, go-kart, go-sl ow, have-a-go,

merry-go-round, no-go, non-church|goer/going, plug(-in)-and-go, push-and-go,

sentry-go, stop-(and-)go, to-go, touch-and-go

acknowledge, (un)acknowiedged, acknowledgeable, acknowledgement(s),

all-knowing(ness), beknown, better-known, disacknowledge, don

t-know,

foreknow(ledge), knowable, know-{i t-)a!l, know-all-about-it, knowbot,

know-everythingism, know-how, (un)knowing(ly), knowingness,

knowledg(e)able, knowiedge-based, know(ledge)ful/less, know-little,

know-nothing(ness), know-not-what, lesser-known, misknow(ing),

misknowledge, need-to-know, non-knowledge, overknow(ing),

pre-acknowledge(d), reacknowledge(ment), reknow, rightto-know,

self-knowing, self-knowledge, small-knowing, unbeknown(st), unforeknowable,

unforeknown, unknowable, unknown, unselfknowing, well-beknown, well-knowing,

well-knowledged, well-known, you-know-who

box-office, by-office, jack-in-office, land-office, non-official(ly), office-bearer,

(un)official, officialdom, officialese, officialise, officiality, officialry, officialship,

officialty, officiant, officiary, officiate, officinal, over-office, (over-)officious(ness),

post-official, semi-official, sub-officer, under-officer(ed), unofficed, unofficered,

unofficerlike, unofficious

dispatron, empatron, impatron(age), impatronise, patronage, patronal, patrondom,

patronless, patronee, patronisable, patronise, patronym(ic(a!(ly))), patronomate,

patronomatology, patronship, transpatronise, unpatroned, unpatronised,

unpatronising(ly)

______

________

ill-prepared, over-prepare, preparable, preparati ve, preparatory, preparedness,

preparer, pre-prepare, pre-preparatory, underprepared, unpreparat ion,

unprepare, unprepared(ness), unpreparing, well-prepared

confut ation, confute, (ir)refutable, refutation, refuter, refutative, refutatory,

unrefutable, unrefut ed

Word F ormation Practice 1A

Word Formation Resource 1 I Sublist 1

I Use th e word given in capitals at th e end of each sentence t o form a word th a t fits in th e

I corresponding space.

1 Flexible exchange rates offer a(n)

___________

mechanism to correct a balance of payments

problem and boost a country

s flagging competitiveness. (ADJUST)

2 The company needs to address, and quickly, efficiency improvements in reaction to th e rapid

com petition that has built up as a result o f

___________

within the industry. (CAPABLE)

3 I didn

t know what to say; at th at moment, I lacked entirely a language for articulating wh a t I

was feeling, what I wanted to say, h o w

__________

angry and ashamed I was. (EXPRESS)

4 Life has not improved for the millions of rural poor still caught up in the struggle betw een

th e guerrilla, t h e

___________

army and the murderous paramilit ary groups. (FAME)

5 The astonishing collection of antiqu e s,

___________

and collectibles of the art ist is expected

to attract hundreds of fans who bemoan a(n)

___________

century. (GO)

6 The governm ent had som e___________from an inform ant as well as th e buzz of rumours,

but there had been so many rumours and false alarms th at at first it did not take it seriously.

(KNOW)

7 A number of groups rounded up for the occasion - in particular groups of prisoners and

handicapped people - join ed various

___________

organisations including youth groups,

school brass bands and church groups. (OFFICE)

8 His controversial television series The Human Face was not a complete flop, demonstrating

tha t he was rather a good intervie wer,

___________

and genuinely curious. (PATRON)

9 This discrepancy o f f e e ling___________for reading but not for writing could be because

students come to college expecting t o be challenged by writing but not by reading, and

then th ey are surprised by their ability to write well. (PREPARE)

10 Popper argued tha t the ories framed in such a way that no conceivable observation could

falsify th em were non-scientific;

___________

was not a virtue of a theory but a vice. (REFUTE)

Choose a suit able derivativ e from the Word Formation Resource 1 1 Sublist 1

each o f th e follo wing sentences.

to comple te

___________

to the drivers, these black boxes have broken down in a

significant

number of

cases, requiring an engine er to be called to carry out repairs, or in most cases replace the

device.

2 Aspiring artists no longer needed to go to workshops or studios to become artists because

being avant-garde a n d___________did not depend on learning crafts, techniques, or studio

methods.

3 It is a(n)

___________

conclusion th at one generation, owes very much to it s

___________

the material we alth it enjoys.

4 Such obituaries on major personalities are comm only

___________

and updated by all media

organisations so stories can be run quickly when they die.

5 That dep artment somehow secured t h e

__________

of th e Pilkington Glass Corp.,

he adquartered nearby. Thus

___________

the Music D epartment staged a concert of avant-

garde music based on the sound of breaking glass.

6 T h e

___________

of the collective are working on evolving a network of the atre artistes across

the State by the tim e th e body

s first annual meeting will be convened.

7 The purpose, according to an official report, was

to determine the dosage which, when

appli ed to clothe d or bare skin of men, would cause

___________

or death

8 T h e___________number o f permits on homes not yet started jumped in March, suggesting

snow and heavy rains forced builders t o hold off on some new projects.

9 There still remains a(n)

___________

plausibility in the idea that the 1260 days of the

Apocalyptic beast do represent as many years.

10 We will remove any content tha t may put US in legal jeopardy, such as potentially libellous or

postings.

self-adjusting

overcapacity

inexpressively

ill-famed

bygones

bygone

foreknowledge

semi-official

unpatrionising

underprepared

irrefutability

Unbeknownst

self-expressive

foregone

foregoers

pre-prepared

patronage

empatroned

office-bearers

incapacitation

unadjusted

unrefuted

defamatory

Use th e word given in capit als to form a word t h a t fits in the corre sponding space.

Listen and check your answers.

FAMILY PLANNING IN VIETNAM: RUNNING DEER

A draft population law looks ill-considered and discriminatory

Brightly coloured plastic flow ers gre et patients at the reception desk of Nguyen To Hao

abortion clinic. Yet the mood in her w aiting room is grim. Ms Hao, an obst etrician and

gyna ecologist, says that many of her patients are teenagers who know shockingly little about sex

or its consequences. Some young wom e n with late-term pregnancies are sent to a nearby hospital

for abortions; others carry their pregnancies to term and leave their new-born babies in the care of

Buddhist monks.

(1) (WANT) pregnancies could be avoided if only Vietnam had better sex

education in secondary schools. A Vietnamese adage claims that avoiding discussions of sex is the

surest way to "prevent the deer from running". Yet the deer are "already running", Dr Hao insists,

and the government is f ailing to guide them.

Vietnam

s abortion rate is not known for certain, but is thought to be among the world

highest. According to researchers at the Central Obstetrics Hospital in Hanoi, the capital, two-fifths

of all pregnancies in Vietnam end in abortion - double the government

s tally.

Ignorance about sex and (2)

__________

(CONCEIVE) is one glaring factor. Some wom en

who have abortions never meant to get pregnant. Others desperately want ed a boy, since male

children keep the family bloodline going and are traditionally expected to look after their elderly

parents. Sex-selective abortions have been illegal since 2003, but the ban is hard to enforce.

(3 )

___________

(SOUND) are widely available. Nguyen Thi Hien, a mother of two in Hanoi, says

that for $75 doctors at the capital

s private clinics are happy to tell couples the sex of their fetus.

So for every 100 girls, 111 boys are born in Vietnam, according to the UN Population Fund -

a sex ratio at birth nearly as (4) _ _ _ _ _ _ (SIDE) as neighbouring China

s. Vietnam

s C ommunist

Party worries that this sex (5)

___________

(BALANCE) will leave a generation of men struggling to

find a mate. As in other societies with lots of frustrated single men, that may mean more trafficking

and prostitution, more rape and a gre at er risk of political (6)

___________

(STABLE).

Vietnam

s reproductive and demographic policies are in flux. China

s recent decision to relax

its one-child policy may prompt Vietnam to reconsider its own (more loosely enforced) two-child

policy, says a former official from Vietnam

s health ministry. The ministry is now soliciting public

comments for a revision of that law, and the National Assembly may take it up this spring.

It is not a moment too soon. A whopping two-thirds of th e country

s 90m people are of

working age. That gives Vietnam a chance to boom economically over the next three decades. But

the "demographic dividend" may then stop abruptly. F ertility rates in some Vietnamese cities have

fallen to below the population replacement rate, a trend th at could eventually lead to a shortage

of workers, as Japan and other rich countries have learnt to th e ir cost. The difference is that

Vietnam risks growing old before it grows rich.

The new population law, in its current wording, would not help. It proposes to leave th e two-

child policy in place and ban abortion after 12 weeks, down from the current limit of 22 weeks,

except in cases of rape. That may send even more pregnant Vietnamese into shadowy abortion

clinics. In September some 17 public-health professionals complained about the proposed law in a

le tter to the health minister. Such pressure may prompt the governm ent to extend the proposed

12-week limit.

However, the population-control measures being mulled by the ministry contain another

troubling feature: a(n) ( 7 )

____________

(NATALITY) focus on "population quality". That sounds

harmless enough, but the (8)

__________

(LIE) idea, according to a foreign health-policy expert in

Hanoi, is that health officials could encourage mothers to abort fetuses showing signs of

(9) (ABLE).

Some in the ministry have also proposed lifting the two-child policy in cities while

continuing to enforce it in the countryside - i.e. encouraging the (10 )___________(EDUCATE) and

better-off to have more children while denying the same right to poor folk, including ethnic

minorities, who view their children and grandchildren as their only social safety net. That would

allow the bureaucrats in charge of the two-child pol icy to keep their jobs. But the idea is

regressive, unfair and needs to be junked.

Unwanted

contraception

Ultrasounds

lopsided

imbalance

instability

something

happened

when it was

almost too

late

pre-natal

underlying

disability

better-educated

Word Formation Resource 1

Subiist 2

11 COMMENT

commentariat, commentary, commentate, commentative, commentator,

commenter, uncomment

12 CONCEIVE

concept(ion), conceptional, conceptive,conceptual{ise), conceptus,

(in)conceivable, high-concept, ill-conceived, misconceive(r), misconception,

neo-conceptual(ism), open-concept, preconception, preconceived,

pseudo-concept, reconceive, reconception, self-concept, well-conceived

13 CUSTOM

accustom(ed(ly/ness)), accustomary, accustomation, custumal, customary,

custom-built, customer(-facing), customisable, (mass-)customize,

custom-made, customs, disaccustom, reaccustom, unaccustomed(ly),

uncustomary, well-accustomed, well-customed

14 FANTASY

fantabulous, fantasia, fantasise(r), fantasist, fantast, fantastic, fantastical(ly),

fantasticality, fantasticate, fantast ication

15 FORCE

afforce(ment), counter-force, deforce, downforce, efforce, enforce(r), enforceable,

enforced(ly), (non-)enforcement, exforcipate, forceable, forced, force-feed,

forceful, force-land, forcemeat, force-out, force-pump/put, forcer, force-ripe,

forcible, forcing, forcipate, forcipation, forcipressure, game-forcing, life-forcer,

need(s)-force, once-force, on-forced, perforce(dly), pound-force, re-enforce(d),

re-enforcer, re-enforcement, reinforce(r), reinforcement(s), unenforceable,

unenforced, unforced(ly), unforcible, workforce

16 INSTRUMENT

all-instrumental, bioinstrument ation, counter-instrument, hyperinstrument,

instrumental, instrumentalism, {multi-)instrumentalist, instrumentality,

instrumentation, under-instrument

17 REGULAR

autoregulate(d), autoregulating, autoregulation, autoregulatory, deregulate

deregulatory, disregular, dysregulated, dysregulation, irregular(ity),

neuroregulator, neuroregulatory, non-regular, non-regulation,

osmoregulate, osmoregulating, osmoregulation, osmoregulator(y),

photoregulate(d), photoregulation, photoregulator, regula(nt), regulable,

regular-built, regularise(r), regularity, regulatable, regulate(r), regulationist,

regulative, regulator(y), reguline, regulo(n), regulus(es), re-regulate,

re- regulation, self-regulating, self-regulation, self-regulatory, stereoregular,

stereoregulate, subregular, thermoregulate, thermoregulatory, unregular,

unregulated, well-regulated

18 SUBSTANCE

consubstantial(ity), consubstantiation, desubstantialise, desubstantiate,

insubstantial(ity), non-substantial, non-substantialism, non-substantiaiist,

pro-substantive, resubstantiate, substanced, substance-free, substanceless,

substant, substantial(ise/ness), substantialism, substantiality, substantiate,

substantiation, substantiator, substantific, substantify(ing), substantious,

substantival, substantiate, substantive(ly), substantivism, substantivist,

substantivity, substantivize, substantize, supersubstantial,

supersubstantiate, trans-substancing, transubstantial, transubstantiate,

transubstantiative, unsubstanced, unsubstantial(i ty), unsubstantiated

19 SUPPOSE

presupposal, presuppose, presupposition(al/less), (in)supposable, supposal,

supposed(ly), supposer, supposital(ity), suppositate, supposite,

supposition(al{ity)), suppositious, supposititious, suppositive, suppository,

suppositum, supposure

20 TOUR

agritourism, agro-tourism, (re)contour, detour, ecotour(ism), ecotourist,

entourage, non-tourist, retour(able), tourism, tourist(-class), touristic,

touristy, tournament, tourney, untouristed

Word Formation Practice 1B

Word Formation Resource 1 1 Sublist 2

Use t h e word given in capitals at th e end o f each sentence t o form a w ord t h a t fits in the

corre sponding space.

1 It is left to th e

___________

and th e Australian people to address big-picture global issues

which have dogged US for years but seemed too big to comprehend, let alone tackle.

(COMMENT)

2 He is clearly a fool for writing such a(n)

___________

and prejudiced article, and the editors of

the Express are even more stupid for being foolish enough to print it. (CONCEIVE)

3 For thos e

___________

to the concept, a rounda bout is an intersection with a circle in the

middle that drivers go around and then continue on the route of th eir choice. (CUSTOM)

4 The characteristic trait of th e later Dickens is that t h e

___________

leads to grim visionary

perception, metaphor carrying him to unanticipated depths. (FANTASY)

5 T h e

___________

of Lord H ardinge

s threats of seven years previously had had a widespre ad

influence for evil. (FORCE)

6 T h e

___________

project is designed to use technology to give extra power and finesse to

virtuoso performers. (INSTRUMENT)

7 Informed consent for subjecting a patient to surgical procedure is part of a(n)

__________

mechanism and is absolutely importa nt when patients are part o f a demonstration.

(REGULATE)

8 The US government has placed blame on the magazine for printing a(n)

______

and

uncorroborated story of this m agnitude. (SUBSTANCE)

9 The entire novel is positioned on the threshold of turning inside out through Austen

s use of

negatives and their role in relation t o

___________

and to the nature of the novel

s parodic

voice. (SUPPOSE)

10 C entral Afri ca was a re lativ ely

___________

area because o f the difficulty g e tting around but

the Hutu-Tutsi struggle and its reverberations in the entire area have made the whole region

treacherous for potential visitors. (TOUR)

Choose the suitable word from the box and supply its correct form t h a t fits in each space.

AIR

FLAME

LIFT PIN

VALUE

DEFINE

FUNGI

ORGAN SET

WARN

The C occidioidesfungus l ives in the desert soil of the Southwest US and Mexico, but on dry,

windy days it can get kicked up into th e air. Inhaling a single spore can cause lung (1 )

__________

- pneumonia - or worse. A drone designed at the University of C ali fornia, Merced, ai ms to be a

nose i n the sky, searching for th e (2 )

___________

fungus to warn people when levels are high.

The fungus infects an estimated 150,000 people a year, causing a flu-like condition called

valley fever. If properly (3 )___________, valley fever can be treated with (4 )

___________

drugs, but

little is known about how th e spores spread through the environment, or how to stop this

happening. The goal of the Merced project is to find out. The team wants to test for spores in

flight, mapping their flow and potentially (5 )

___________

communities to stay indoors or wear

masks on the most dangerous days. "We want to be able to answer the question of when it is

(6 )

_________

into the atmosphere, by what means the fungal spores travel, and at wh at point

th ey may interact with humans," says te am member Brendan Smith.

In early March, the team flew their sampling system for the first tim e above pools and

grasslands in a reserve on the university campus. The current version of the drone flies up to an

altitude of 80 metres, then circles a(n) (7 )

__________

coordinate at a 200-metre radius. During the

flight, a pump sucks in up to 20 litres of air, trapping particles in a filter for (8 )

___________

on the

ground later. Other sensors record ambient (9)

___________

like pressure, temperature and

humidity, which are needed to calculate the movem ent and density of particles. Analysing the

samples is still a work in progress. Now th e te am is working to classify (1 0 )

___________

and to see

how the y vary across space and tim e as their drone flies.

commentariat

ill-conceived

unaccustomed

fantastication

enforcement

hyperinstrument

self-regulatory

unsubstantiated

presupposition

untouristed

inflammation

airborne

pinpointed

antifungal

forewarning

uplifted

predefined

evaluation

set-ups

micro-organinsms

Use th e w ord given in capitals t o form a w ord th a t fits in the corresponding space.

Listen and check your answers.

TRAVEL VISAS: A STRANGE SORT OF WELCOME

Governments are deterring business travellers and tourists with (1 )

___________

(CUMBER) visa requirements that do little to make

their countries more secure

The rise of big emerging economies like China and India, and the steady march of globalisation, have led to

a surge in th e numbers of people w anting to travel abroad for business or tourism. As a result, demand for visas is

at (2 )___________(PRECEDE) levels. In the fiscal year to the end of S eptember 2014 the United States granted just

under 10m visas - up from around 6m in 1997, despite blips in the wake of the t errorist attacks of September 11th

2001 and the global financial crisis of 2007-08. Citizens o f America, Britain and some other rich countries can travel

to most places w ith out a visa. Chinese and Indian travellers are far more likely to have to apply for them. And

citizens of a f ew (3 )

___________

(NIGHT) places, such as Iraq and Afghanistan, have to submit to the cost and

bureaucracy - and oft en the humiliation - of the visa-application process to get to most places. The most sensible

response to this surge in demand for short-term visas would be for governments to streamline th e application

process and scrap th e most (4 )

___________

(ONUS) requirements. But governments are often not sensible about

such things. The 26 European count ries with a common visa policy - the "Schengen group" - require tourists from

India and other developing countries to provide several months

worth of bank statements and pay slips. Visitors

to Britain ofte n have to fill in a t en-page application form, including details of every trip abroad for the past ten

years. Business travellers to India must provide two references. Mexico has scrapped a rule requiring visa

applicants (including women) to submit a description of their moustaches. But in 2016 America will start requiring

visas for some travellers who currently do not need them - if, for example, they have visited Iran, Iraq, Syria or

Sudan in th e previous five years.

In many cases, instead of simplifying th e visa process, governments have ( 5 )

__________

(LOAD) it to

private contractors. Travellers may now have to pay a service fee to the company handling their application on

top of the standard visa fee. The biggest firm in this growing business is VFS Global, which is part of Kuoni, a Swiss

tourism company. Starting from a single premises in Mumbai in 2001, handling applications for American visas,

VFS now has more than 1,900 visa centres in 124 countries, processing paperwork for 48 governments. Of the

113m visa applications made worldwide in 2013, one in thre e w ent through a contractor, reckons VFS, which has

about half th e market. Its main rivals are CSC, with around 10% of th e market, and TLScontact, with around 7%.

Dozens of smaller firms make up th e remainder of the market. The private contractors collect and verify the

applicant

s paperwork, ensure th at forms are filled in properly, take fing erprints and other (6)

__________

(METRE) inform ation and collect the fees. The consular staff of the destination country simply decide wh eth er to

grant th e visa, and slap a sticker in th e passport o f successful applicants. For the contractors, it is a nice little

earner. VFS probably enjoys operating margins of 20%, reckons Kathleen Gaill iot, an analyst at Natixis, a French

bank. The companies are given a free hand to pad their earnings with pricey "premium" services. In Mumbai, for

example, VFS offers Indians applying for British visas a t ext on their mobile phones to notify them th a t their

passports are ready for collection, at 128 rupees ($2) a shot. For an extra 2,548 rupees, applicants can use a special

"lounge" area whil e submitting their documents, and have th eir passports posted back to them.

VFS accounts for just 5% of Kuoni

s revenues but more than 60% of its operating profits. So bright are the

division

s prospects th at its parent company is ge tting out of the tour-operator business, which it has been in

since 1906, to concentrate on visa-processing and a f ew oth er specialist travel services. Until VFS opened its

Mumbai office, applicants had to queue for an average of five hours in the sweltering heat outside the American

consulate. After the jo b was handed to the contractor, the typical waiting time fell to one hour. However,

applicants still have no choice but to submit to whatever petty demands contractors make - such as, say, banning

them from using mobile phones whil e the y sit waiting for their appointments. If the staff are rude, th e queues are

badly managed or th e "extras" (7 )____________(VAG ABO ND) priced, travellers can hardly take th eir business

elsewhere. The application-processing firms are profiting both from travellers

lack of choice and from

governments

failure to consider the economic damage caused by th eir visa requirements. There is scant evidence

th at making all travellers submit the same documents every tim e they wa nt to travel, or provide extensive

financial details, protects countries from terrorists or illegal immigrants. In contrast, there is evidence of how

liberal visa regimes bring in the bucks. A report in 2014 from the European Parliament, "A Smarter Visa Policy for

Economic Growth", estimated that (8 )

___________

(STRICT) visa rules probably cost the EU economy 250,000 jobs

and €12.6 billion ($13.8 billion) a year in lost (9 )

__________

(PUT). It recommended requiring fewer documents

from applicants, handing out longer visas and simplifying the whole process. Since Britain is not part of the

Schengen group, Chinese people taking a tour of Europe have to apply for a second visa to cross the Channel.

Only 6% of the m do so, says E uromonitor, a research firm. The British Tourist Authority has complained tha t the

country

s visa policies cost it £2.8 billion ($4.1 billion) a year in lost revenue. However, amid worries about the

wave of (1 0 )____________(ASYLEE) from Syria and elsewhere, governments in Europe and beyond will face

pressure to keep making life hard for tourists and business travellers - even as other departments of those same

governments spend heavily on promoting tourism and foreign investment.

The Economist

Mock Test 1

Le Hong Phong High School for the Gifted

Olympic Contest

Use th e word given in capitals at th e e nd of each sentence t o form a word t h a t fits in the

corresponding space.

1 The cargo w a s

___________

for safe and efficient shipping. (CONTENT)

2 She

__________

questions about wheth er she plans to run, saying she

s focused on her voter registration

and campaign finance initiatives. (STEP)

3 He was a(n)

___________

who refused to be bound by tradition. (ICON)

4 "I am going to ask that very question of you,” said N orton___________. (URBAN)

5 Mark, a

___________

commentator, was often fe atured on state television explaining government policy.

(TELEVISION)

6 He decided to resign rather than cosy up t o

___________

in the party. (LINE)

7 I asked h im

___________________

wh ether he wanted th e job. (BLANK)

8 At the entrance of a greasy,___________kitchen, we m et an old woman who was carefully carrying some

putrid trip e in a rag. (ODOUR)

9 Pol iticians and academics point ed to the building

s___________contours as a cautionary tale of

architectural overreach. (BECOME)

10 The project was subject to the usual

___________

of exploratory research. (VICIOUS)

Choose t he suitable word from the box and supply its correct form th a t fits in each space.

BONE VISIBLE

KNOWLEDG E SEEK

LIE

WITH CENTRE

LITTLE INVOLVE

SUBURB

UNLIKELY BOOMTOWNS: THE WORLD

S HOTTEST CITIES

Megacities like London, New York and Tokyo loom large in our imaginations. They are still associated

with fortune, fame and the future. But with all respect to the science-fiction novelists who have (1 )

__________

a future of urban giants, their day is over. The typical growth rate of the popula tion within a megacity has

slowed from more than eight per cent in the 1980s to less than half that over the last five years. Instead, the

coming years will belong to a smaller, f ar humbler relation - the Second City.

The emergence of Second Cities has flowed naturally (if unexpectedly) from the earlier success of the

megacities. In the 1990s, megacities boomed as global markets did. This was particul arly true in areas with

high-tech or ( 2 )

___________

industries like finance. Bonuses got bigger, bankers got richer and real-estate

prices in the world

s most ( 3 )___________cities soared.

Economically, after a city reaches a certain size its

productivity starts to fall,

notes Mario Pezzini, head of the regional-competitiveness division o f the OECD. He

puts the tipping point at about six million people, after which costs, travel times and the occasional chaos

creat e a situation in which the centre of the city may be a great place, but only for the rich, and the

(4)

______

areas become harder to live and work in

One reaction to this phenomenon is further sprawl - high prices in the urban core and traditional

suburbs drive people to distant (5 )___________with extreme commutes into big cities. As Frey notes, in the

major US metropolitan areas, average commuting times have doubled over the last fift een years.

Why does one town become a booming Second City while another fails? The answer hinges on whether a

community has the (6 )___________to exploit the forces pushing people and businesses out of the megacities.

One key is excellent transport links, especially to the biggest commercial centres. Though barely a decade old,

Goyang is South Korea

s f astest-growing city in part because it is 30 minutes by subway from Seoul.

Another growth driver for Second Cities is the ( 7 )

___________

of work, driven in large part by new

technologies. While more financial deals are done now in big capitals like New York and London than ever

before, it is also clear that plenty of booming service industries are leaving for

Rising Urban Stars

like Dubai,

Montpellier and Cape Town. These places have not only improved th eir Int ernet ( 8 )___________, but often

have technical institutes and universit ies tha t turn out the kinds of talent tha t populate growth industries.

All this means that Second Cities w on

t stay small. Indeed some countries are actively prom oting their

growth. Italy, for example, is trying to create tourist hubs of towns close to each other with distinctive buildings

and offering diff erent yet complementary cultural activities. (9 )

___________

of policymaking power is leaving

many (1 0 )

__________

cities more free than ever to shape their destinies. To them all: this is your era. Don

blow it.

!MockTest 1

1 containerised

2 sidestepped

3 iconoblast

4 urbanely

5 telegenic

6 hardliners

7 point-blank

8 malodourous

9 unbecoming

10 vicissitudes

J envisioned/

envisaged

knowledge-

based

3 sought-after

4 outlying

5 exurbs

6 wherewithal

7 decentralisation

8 backbones

9 D evolution

10 lesser-known

Word Formation Resource 2

Sublist 1 MÊm m 

21 BECOME

BLANK

23 CONTENT

24 ICON

25 LINE

(un)becoming(ly), (un)becomingness, misbecome, misbecoming(ly), misbecomingness,

rebecome, well-becoming

 -

blanket(ing/ed), blankety, blanket-blank, blanking, blankly, blankness,

overblanket, point-blank(er), red-blanket, unblanked, under-blanket

________

contain, (un)containable, container(load), container-grown, containerise,

(self -)containment, incontainability, precontain, self-contained; contented(ly),

contentedness, contentless, contentment, discontentation, discontent(ment),

discont ented(ly), discontentful, discontentedness, discontenting, e-content,

malcontent(ed(ly)), malcontentism, malcontently, miscontent(ed),

miscontentment, non content, recontent, well-content(ed) .

auto-icon, emoticon, exiconise, konk(ity), iconically, iconify, iconise, iconoblast,

iconoclasm, iconoclast(ic(ally)), iconodule, iconodulist, iconographer,

iconographic(al(ly)), iconolatry, iconological, iconology, iconomatic, iconostatis

a(l)|ineation, ambilineal, backline, baseline, beeline, bilinear, borderline, breadline,

byeline, byline, careline, catchline, chalk-line, collinear, counter-line, cross-line,

curvilinear, cutline, deadline, (pre)delineate(d),(pre)delineation, delineator,

down the-line, empire-line, eyeline(r), exlineal, eye-lining, flatline(r), front-line,

guideline, hard-line, hardliner, headline(r), headline-ese, headline-grabber,

headline grabbing, helpline, hotline, iliineal, in-line{r), interline, interlinear,

interlinéate, interlineation, int erlining, lifeline, lineage, lineal(ly), lineament,

linear(ly), linearise(r), <co)linearity, lineation, linebacker, line-dance,

line-engraved, linefeed, line-in, line(s)man, line-out, lineside, line-up, longl ine(r),

main{-)line, mainliner, marline(spike), matriline, matrilineage, matrili neal(ly),

matrilinear, microline, midline, misline, mislineation, mixtilinear, monoline,

multiline, multilineal(ity), multilinear, newline, non-linear(ly/ity), non-linearity,

offline, old-line(r), online, open-line, outiine(r), outlinear, overline(d), overlining,

patriline(age), patriline al(ity/ly), patrilinear, pipeline(r), pipelining,

production-line, quasilinear, rectiline(d), rectili neal, rectilinear(ly), recti linearity,

rectilinearism, rectilinearisation, rectilineous, redline, reline(r), si deline,

sil ver-line, subline, sublinear, sublineation, superlineal, superlinear, thought-line,

]

timeline, traiineate, trilinear, underline, unilinear, unlined, well-lined

airline(r), bassline(r), blueliner, bodyline, bowline, buntline, bustline, chatline,

clewline, due-line, coastline, cont-line, crane-line, crinoline, dandy-line, dardy-line, dateline,

dragline, driveline, dyeline, earth-line, face-line, first-line, flightline, freeline,

gantline, girt-line, ground-line, guyliner, hai rline, hamber-llne, hand-line(r), hand-lining,

hemline, high-lining, houseline, isol ine, jack-line, jawline, jerk-line, jetliner, knave-line,

landline, line-boat, li ne-caught, linefish, line-for-line, line-item, line right, line-sharker,

hemline, high-lining, houseline, isol ine, jack-line, jawline, jerk-line, jetliner, knave-line,

landline, line-boat, li ne-caught, linefish, line-for-line, line-item, line right, line-sharker,

lipline, load-water-line, match-lined, match-lining, metallic-line, mud-line, nave-line,

neckline, night-line, noon-line, one-liner, party-liner, party-lining, penny-a-line(r),

penny-a-lining, plough-line, plumb-lined, plunge-line, plush-li ned, punchline,

I* " . n - I

•

e* ’

 1   ,  1 I 

•

penny-a-lining, plough-line, plumb-lined, plunge-line, plush-li ned, punchline,

ram-line, ratl ines, roofline, sea-line, scoreline, second-line, share-line, shoreline, single-line,

skyline, slackliner, slacklining, slimline, snowline, songline, sounding-line, spider-line,

spurling line, storyline, straight-line, strapline, stray-line, streamline(d), three-line(d),

tide

]

i ne,tie-1ine, timberline,tàp-line, touchline,towline, tramline(s), trapline,

treeline, tumpline, verge-line, vefling-line, waistline, waterline, wave-line, white-line(d),

wireline

ali gn(ment), alignation, aligner, dealign(ment), field-aligned, malalignment,

misalign(ed), misalignment, non-aligned, non aligner, non-alignment,

realign(ment), self-aligning, unaligned__________

_______________________

  

cacodorous, deodorant, de  dorise(r), disodour, inodorous

malodo(u)r(ous), odora,

odorable, odorant, odorata, odoratum, odoratus, odoriferant, odoriferous(ness),

odorific, odorimeter, odorimetry, odoriphore, odorise(r), odorivector,

odo(u)rless, odoroscope, odorosity, odorous(ly), odour-blindness, odoured,

odourful, unodorabl e

 g  m

black-step, counter-step, crow-stepped, curtail-step, doorstep, dubstep, footstep,

goose-step, high-stepper, high-stepping, instep, lockstep, one-step, outstep,

overstep, quickstep, sidestep(per), stepbrother, step-by-step, stepchild, step-cut,

stepdad, stepdaughter, step-down, stepfamily, stepfather, step-in(s), stepladder,

step-like, stepmother, stepmum, step-out, step-parent(ing), step-parenthood,

stepping-up, stepsister, stepson, stepwell, stepwise, twelve-step(per), two-step,

understep, unstep

____________

___________________________________

peritelevision, telegenic, televiewer, televiewing, televisable, television(ary),

televisionless, televisual(ly), television-wise

_____________________________

•

- W- % . v-i,

amburbial, conurbation, deurbanise, exurb(an), exurbanite, exurbia, hyperurbanism,

interurban, inurbane, inurbanity, non-urban, peri-urban, rurban, rurbanisation,

rurbanism, rurbanist, rural-urban, suburb(an), suburbandom, suburbanhood,

suburbani se, suburbanism, suburbanite, suburbanity, suburbanly, suburbia(KI)),

suburbi(c)an, suburbicarian, suburbicary, urbane(Iy), urbaneness, urbanise,

urbanism, urbanist(ic), urbanite, urbanity, urbanology, urban-rural, urbs,

urbanscape, urbicide, urbiculture

___________________________

conviciate, conviciatory, convicious, divici ate, viciously, viciousness, vicissitude,

I vicissitudinous, unviciate, unvtcious

Idivitiate, divitiosity, invitiate, un vitiated, vitial, vitiate, vitiation, vitiator

Word Formation Practice 2A

Word Formation Resource 2 1 Sublist 1

Use th e word given in capitals at the end o f each sentence to form a word th a t fits in the

corresponding space.

1 Even very senior officers can be beguiled into behaving - cruelly, and

destructively whil e believing they are acting in the best tradition of the service. (BECOME)

2 A few minutes before the sunset and without firing any warning shots in the air or without

prior effort to disperse the crowds gathered there, a series of prolonged fi rings at the

assemblage w ere

__________

. (BLANK)

3 The protestors claim that one of the main reasons fo r

__________

is the former gold mining

company

s failure to meet its promises before the local population. (CONTENT)

4 This exhibit o f

___________

unrelated subjects aimed to highlight the formal similarities and

differences between the individual figures and encouraged the aesthetic study and

appreciation of the series as a whole. (ICON)

5 Th e

___________

story focuses on his concerns about drug-taking, joyriding, swearing and a

host of other antisocial teenage activities. (LINE)

6 Three types of

_____

or specifi c anosmia have been studied, but genetical evidence so

far obtained is tentative or inconsistent. The rare anosmia to the /?-butylmercaptan of skunk,

and more commonly the scent of freesia flowers, may be inherited as autosomal recessive

traits. Anosmia to hydrogen cyanide is complex and its inheritance has not been confirmed.

(ODOUR)

7 Other issues include the simplification of customs and procedures, the development of

intellectual property rights and the

_____

of cooperation in the automobile industry.

(STEP)

Gliding is a sport tha t is not e asily___________, short of putting the camera in a very high

altitude plane, t o get a view with som ething to provide context. (TELEVISE)

Unlike missionaries from Italy and Gaul they came from a tribal, warrior society not unlike

that of the English,

___________

and economically undeveloped. (URBAN)

I address myself not to the young enthusiast only, but to the ardent devotee o f truth and virtue

the pure and passionate moralist y e t

___________

by the cont agion of the world. (VICIOUS)

Choose a suita ble deriv ativ e from th e

each of th e f ollow ing sentences.

Word F ormation Resource 2 1 Sublist 1

to com plet e

All th at remains now of t h e

___________

is Bentham

s skeleton, padded w ith straw, seated

beside his f avourit e writing table, and dressed t o the nines.

Bosnian Serb forces, under th e leadership of the former psychiatrist Radovan Karadzic and

supported by the Yugoslav National Army, placed Sarajevo under siege, committing wh at has

subsequently been called an act o f

___________

- a deliberate and cold-blooded murder of a city.

From the start, those th at have championed the path of anarchy have exposed themselves as

__________

with selfish interests at heart.

If you find yourself devoid of b o th

___________

and cruciferous vegetables, baking soda and

corn-starch can work in a pinch to kill bacteria and absorb perspiration.

In addition to offering our best insights into t h is

___________

business over th e past four-plus

decades, we have trie d to educate sports bettors to the realities and possibilities.

The minist er will make th e case for slowly building a new EU / US relationship in foreign policy

concentrating o n

___________

issues on which they share common views.

T h e

__________

and the charlatanism of an author

s going around the country reading from

th e proofs of a book he is about to publish are degrading to literature.

This digest will look at recent research dealing w ith the relationship betwe en amount of

__________

and reading performance, its effects on reading habits and preferences, and how

educators can use t elevision to promot e reading.

This is one of many examples o f

___________

between the document ed strategy and the

actual behaviours of the company, which ultimately undermines realisi ng the benefits a well-

constructed strategy, can provide.

With Sony, Nikon, and Canon boasting massive pixel resolutions, huge memory stores, and

more compact yet laser precise lenses, it

s no wonder that digital photogra phy is___________

SLR in interest and sales increases.

Use th e word given in capitals t o form a w ord th a t fits in the corresponding space.

s over 35 years since travel writer Dervla Murphy set off on her bike from Ireland and

arrived, several months later, in India. She

s been pedalling (1)

___________

(FATIGUE) ever since -

not quite so fast now tha t she

s nearly 70, but even more (2 )

___________

(CANDLE) as she sees

countries from South America to Asia ( 3 )

__________

(SPOIL) by (4)

____________

(MEDDLE)

development and (5)

___________

(FIGURE) by western values.

Travel writing wasn

t a(n) (6 )

___________

(TREND) genre in the early 1960s; so, in giving a(n)

(7 )

___________

(RUN) of her trip, Murphy followe d the solitary stars of tw o other (8 )___________

(TAME) female wanderers whose work she admired: the Victorian Isabella Bird, and Freya Stark,

who started writing in the 1930s. Since then, she has continued to indulge her ( 9 )

__________

(SATIATE) appetite for travel and adventure, and to delight her readers along the way.

Unlike other big names in travel writing, Murphy has stayed true to the form: she doesn

(1 0 )

___________

(SPARSE) her narratives with chunks of (11)

___________

(IRK) and self -indulgent

autobiography, and is (1 2 )

___________

(CONTEMPT) of authors who atte m pt to fire their readers

interest by starting their narrative with a dramatic incide nt in the middle of the jungle. She just

tells a straightforward tale of her (1 3 )

___________

(CIRCUIT) journeys, from day one through to

the last.

The book Murphy is curre ntly working on is about the Balkans. There are prizes and penalties

for ageing authors. In Africa, her white hair earned her (1 4 )

___________

(MEASURE) respect; the

Balkans were frustrating because local people f elt an Irish gra ndmother had no business being

there. Usually the journey is relatively easy; the writing more laborious. This tim e, both were

(1 5 )

___________

(ONUS). Happily, there

s a Murphy

s law tha t says, come what may, the book will

be finished.

j j c h o o s e the suit able word from the box and supply its correct form tha t fits in each space.

APPEAR EARTH INSULAR POSE SWING

CARRY FALL LABOUR

POTENT

TEACH

CHRONIC

FORE LORD SCRIBE URBAN

CIPHER

GENDER MINI SIMILE VEIL

COVER

DECK

GLYPH

PEN

SPIRIT(x2) WILD

MAYAN THRONE

The Mayas developed the only pre-Columbian (1 )

___________

in the Americas and devised

a(n) (2 )

___________

astronomy to (3 )

___________

the movements of the heavens. Archaeologists

have long been (4 )

__________

as to why their civilisation seems to have (5 )

___________

abruptly

in the ninth century, (6 )

___________

the abandonment of formerly flourishing (7 )

___________

However, a team of Mexican and American archaeologists have recently (8 )

___________

a(n)

(9)

___________

art work that may give some clues to their sudden (10)

__________

. While digging

at Palenque, in the Yucatan (11)

__________

, the researchers (12)

_________________

a bench-like throne

more than 2.8m wide and 1.7m deep in vermilion-painted limestone. The archaeologists say the

grandeur of the throne and the spaciousness of the palace that houses it (13)

___________

the fact

that the last rulers of Palenque were more ambitious, even (14)

__________

, than had once been

thought. The throne itself was built in about AD 760 by one of the last Mayan (15)

___________

and

is (1 6 )

___________

with at least 200 (1 7 )

___________

and six sculptured (1 8 )

___________

. The

experts hope that once the (19)

___________

have been (2 0)

___________

, something which could

take some time, they may (21)

___________

the achievements and (2 2)

___________

of the Mayas in

the decades before their (2 3)

___________

and (24)____________US to the better (25)

___________

of the whys and (26)

______________________

of their (27)

Word Formation Resource 2

31 BONE

32 CENTRE

backbone(d/less), bare-bones, big-boned, boat-bone, (well-)boned,

bone-breaking, bonefish, bonehead(ed), bone-healing, boneless(ly), bonemeal,

boner, boneset, bone-setter, boneshaker, bone-shaking, bone-tired,

bone-weary, boneyard, bony, breakbone, breastbone, bred-in-the-bone,

crossbones, cuttl ebone, debone, green-bone, herringbone, key-bone, knitbone,

lazybones, marrowbone, neck-bone, plate-bone, prayer-bones, pull(y)-bone,

rag-and-bone, rattle-bones, raw-bone(d), redbone, ringbone, rotten-boned,

ruel-bone, rump-bone, sawbones, small-boned, whalebone, wishbone

________

a it c h b o n e , bone-lace(d), bonelet, bone-wort, c(h)annelbone, c a n n o n -b o n e , c h e e k b o n e ,

chin-bone, c o ll a rb o n e , cuttle-bone, feather-bone, h a m b o n e , haunch-bone, heel-bone,

hip-bone, huckle-bone, ice-bone, ivory-bone, j a w b o n e , knuckle-bone, natch-bone, nut-bone,

pan-bone, put-bone, rack-bone, rigbone, shackle-bone, shank-bone, shin-bone, shoulder-bone, side-bone,

spade-bone, speal-bone, speel-bone, splet-bone, splint-bone, thigh-bone, twitter-bone, unbone(d),

whirl (ing)-bone_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

acentric, acrocentric, allocentric, androcentric, anthropocentric(ally),

anthropocentri cism, apocentre, autocentric, autocentrism, bareycentre,

barycentric, bi ocentric(ally), biocentrism, biocentrist, bioconcentrate, body-centred,

centra(l), centralise, centralism, centralist, centrality, centrally, centre-bit,

centreboard, centred(ness), centrefield(er), contrefire, centrefold, centremost,

centrepiece, centrepin, centre-point, centrex, centric(al), centricity, centrifugal(ly),

centrifugation, centrifuge, centring, centriole, centriolar, centripetal(ly),

centripetous, centrism, centrist, centroid, centrobaric, centromere, centromeric,

centrosome, centrosphere, centrum, cerebrocentric, child-centred, chromocentre,

client-centred, co-centric, cocket-centre, concentrate(d(ly)), concentration,

concentrative, concentrator, concentre, concentric(ally), concentricity,

cytocentrifuge, dead-centre, decentralise, decentralist, decentre, deconcentrate,

dicentric, east-central, eccentric(ally), eccentricity, ecocentric, ecocentrism.

33 D E V OLV E

34 INV O LV E

35 LIE

36 LIT TLE

37 SE EK

38 VISIBLE

e g oc e n tric { a lly), e g o c e n tric ity , e g o c e ntris m , e m e rgic e n tre , e n d o c e n tric,

e p ic e ntria l, e p ic e n tre , e t h n o c e n tric (a lly ), e t h n o c  ntricity, e t h n o c e ntris m , eucentric,

euchromocentre, E uro c e ntric(ity, E uro c e n tris m , e xc e ntric(a lly), e x o c e n tric ,

f a c e -c e ntre d , g a l a c t o c e n tric , g e o c e n tric(a lly), g e o c e n trism , gro u p -c e n tre d ,

g y n o c e n tric , h e lio c e n tric(a lly), high-c e n tre (d), h i g h -c e n trin g , ho m oc e n tric,

b y p o c e n tre , in c e n tre , intercentral, i ntercentrum, isocentre, jo b c e n tre , le ft-o f-c e ntre ,

lo g o c e n lric, lo g o c e n tris m , m a tric e n tre d, m a tric e n tric , m e t a c e n tre , m e t a c e ntric ,

m o n e y-c e n tre , m o n o c e ntric , m ult ic e n tra l, n e uroc e n tra l, n o n-c e n tra l(ity),

n o rth -c e n tra l , o f f-c e ntre(d ), o f f-c e n trin g , orocentral, orth o c e n tre ,

ov e r-c e ntra lis e (d), p a ra c e ntra l, p ara c e ntric, p a tric e ntric , p e ric e n tra l , p e ric e ntre ,

p e ric e n tric, p e ri c e n triol a r, p e ric e ntrio m e ric , p erson-c e n tre d , p h a llic-c e n tre d ,

p h a ll o c e ntric (it y), p h a llo c e ntris m , p h a llo g o c e n tric , p h a llo g o c e n trism ,

p h o n o c e ntric(ity), p h o n o c e n tris m , p l a n e to c e n tri c , p l e u ro c e n tra l ,

p l e u ro c e n tru m , p luric e n tra l, p o ly c e ntra l, p olyc e n tric(ity), p oly c e n trism ,

p o l y c e ntris t , p o m a c e ntrid , p o s t c e ntra l(ly), p o w er-c e n tre d , pre c e ntra l,

pre c e ntre ss, pre c e n trix , p u p il-c e ntre d , re c e ntre , re c o n c e n tra do , re c o n c e n tra t e ,

reconcentre, rig h t-(o f-)c e n tre , saturnicentric, selenocentric, s e lf-c e n tre d(ly),

s e lf-c e ntre d ness, soft-c e n tre d , st a t e -c e n tre d , su b-c e ntre , t e c h n o c e ntric ,

t e l e c e n tre , telocentric, terracentric, th e o c e ntric , tra i n i n g-c e n tre , u ltra c e n trifu g a l,

u l tra c e ntrif u g a tio n , ultra c e n trifu g e , urg ic e n tre , w o m a n -c e n tre d

_________________

d e v o lu tio n (ist), d e v o lu tio n a ry , d e v o lv e m e nt, indevolvibility

co-e volu t io n(a ry ), (co-)e volve , e v o lu t e , e vol u tion(a l(ly)), e v o lu tio n a r y ,

e v o lu tio n a ry, e v o l u tio n is m , e v o lu tio n is e (d ), e v o lu tio n ist(ic), e volu tiv e , e volv a bl e ,

e v o l v a b ility, e v o lv a n t , e v o lv e d ly, e v olv e m e n t , e v o lv e n t , e v olv e r,

m a cro e v o lu tio n(a ry), m i cro e v o lu tio n (a ry), p r e -e v o lu tio n a ry , pre -e vo lutio n is t ,

u n e v o lv e d

co-revolving, c o u n t e r-re v olutio n(a ry), p h o t o -re v o lv e r, p re -re v o lu tio n a ry,

re -re v o l u t i o n , re -re v o luti o n i s e , re v olt(e d), re v o lt e r, re vo lt in g (ly ), re voltingn e s s,

re v o ltiv e , (ir)re voiuble , re v o lut e (d), re v o lu tio n(a l/ a ry), re v o l u t io n a ire ,

re volu tio n a ri n e s s , re volu t io n a lis e , re v o lutio n e e rin g , re volu tio n e r, re v o lu tio nis e ,

re v o lu tio n i s m , re v o lu tio n ist, re v o lv a ble , re volv e (r), re volv ere d, re v o lvin g ,

unrevolutionised, unrevolved, unrevolving

a d v o lu tio n , a rc h iv olt , c irc u m v o lu t i o n , c ircu m vo lv e , intervolute, introvolution,

o b v o l u t e , overvolve, provolution, s u p e rv o lut e , transvolve, volt e -f a c e , v o l u b ilit y , v o lu b l e ,

v o l u b l y , v o lut e (e d), v o lu tio n , volv a , v olv o x , vo lv u li, volv ulu s(e s)

involuce

(late), i n v o lu cre , in v olut e (d), in v o lu tio n (a l), (u n)in v o lv e d , in v o lv e m e nt,

n o n -in v o lv e m e nt , re in v olv e , s e lf-involv e d , s e lf-in v o lv e m e n t, s u b in v o lu t e d ,

s u b i n v o lu tio n , u n in v o l v e d , u n in v o lv in g

___________

______________________

_______

forlie, forlai n, h a rd-l y in g , inlier, inlyi n g , lie-abed, lie by, li e -d o w n ,

li e -in, lo w -ly in g , lyin g-in(-s t a t e ), mid-lying, mislie, o f f-ly in g , oflie, o u tlie r, o u t ly in g ,

o v e rli e , o v e rly in g , ov e rl a y , ov erl a in , un d e rli e , u n d e rlyin g , u n d e rla y , u n d e rla in ,

uplying

__________

b e li e {d), b e lying , liar, li e-d e t e ctor, ly i n g ly

______________________

b e littl e(r), b e little m e n t , d o -lit t l e , k n o w -littl e , le a stw a ys, l e a stw ise, le ssen,

le ss-d e v e lop e d, l e ss er-kno w n , lit t l e -b o y / g irl-l o s t , littl e -e a s e , litti e -e n d i a n ,

little-good, littlehead, little -m in d e d(n e s s), lit tle n e c k , littl e n e ss, littie y , o v e r-little ,

unless, unlessened

a sylu m-s e e k ers, a t t e n tio n -s e e kin g , b e s e ech(e d/er), b e s e echin gly , b e s o u g ht,

h e at-s e eking, hid e-a n d-(g o-)s e e k, job-s e e k e r, ov erse e k, p l e a sure-s e e king ,

re nt-s e e k er, rese ek, risk-s e e kin g, seeker, se lf-s e e ker, self-s e ekin g, so u g h t- a ft e r,

st a tu s-s e e king, sunse e k e r, un(b e)sought

__________________

________

a ft e rv i e w , bellaview, b in g e -vi e w , by-view, c o a l-vie w er, counterview, foreview,

int e rvie w (e e / e r), o v e rvie w , pageview, p a y-a s-you-vi e w , p a y-p e r-vie w , p e er-re vie w ,

pre -i n t e rv i e w , pre vie w(e r), p urv i e w , re ar-vie w , re -in t e rvie w , re vie w (e e / e r),

re vie w a b l e , re vie w ag e , re vie w ai, re vie w ery, re vi e w in g , re vi e w ish, re vie wless,

sea-view, sid e -vi e w , t e l e vi e w e r, t e l e v i e w in g , transview, underviewer, uninterviewed,

u n re vie w e d , unviewed, v i e w a b l e , v i e w er(s h ip), vi e w d a t a , v i e w f in d er, vie w gra p h ,

vi e w -h a llo o , v i e w in g/v i e w l e s s , v i e w p o in t , v i e w p o rt, vie w scre e n, vi e w sh e d,

w orl d -vi e w e r

__________________

__________

________________________________________

a vision , c o s m o visio n , crys t a l-vision, disvisor, envis a g e , e n visio n , eximproviso, 1

imprevisible, imprevision, i m pro v is a tion(a l), im p ro v is a t o ry , im p rovis e (d ), im pro vis e r,

intervision, in v i s ib ilit y , invisib le(s), invision, L aserV ision, n i g h t-v is io n , n o cto visio n ,

n o c to v isor, overvisor, p e rit e l e v isio n , P ix e lvision, P h on e visio n , press-re vise, previse, ,

.pre visioni a l), pro visio n(s), . provision a |(ity),, pro vis io n e r, pro visp(r(y)), p ro v is oriu m ,

provis o rs h ip, purvision, ra d iovisio n , ra d iovisor, re-revise, re -re vision , re visable ,

revis al, re vise(d), revis e e, reviser, re-visib le , re v ision(a l/ary), re visio nis m ,

re visio nis t, re visor, single-visio n , sup ervis a l, supervis e(r), sup ervise e , sup e rvisio n;

sup ervisor(y), sup e rvis orship , supra vision, supra visor, survisor, tele vis a ble ,

t e l e visio n(a ry), tel evisionless, t e l e vis u a l(ly), television-wise, u n pro visio n e d , unre vis e d ,

u n sup e rvis e d, unvisionary, unvisored, vis a ge(d), (h i g h-)v is ib ility , visibl e (s), visible n e ss,

vision a l, visio n a rin e ss, vision ary , vis io n in g , visionle ss, visionlike, visiophone, visor(ed),

visorless, visota  ile, w orld -v is io n

_____________________

a u d io-vis u a l, n o n-visu a l, p a ra visu a l, p h o tovis u a l, pre-vis u a lis e , pre -vis u a lis a t ion ,

re visu a lis e , t e !e vis u a l{ly), visual(ly), visu a lis a ble , visu alis e(r), vis u a lity, vis u o m ot o r,

v i s i i o s p a t i a l

__________________________

__________

_______________

________

f o rt h w it h , h e re w ith , n o t w it h s t a n d in g , o u t w it h , pri s o n-w ith o u t-b ars,

p u t-u p -a b l e -w it h , take-with, t h e re w ith(a l), u n m e d d l e d-w ith , unwithdrawn, unwithheld,

unwithholden, unwithsayable, unwithstood, w h e re w it h (a l), w it h a l, w ith dra w (a l),

w ith d ra w in g (-c h a m e r/ro o m ), w i t h d ra w n , w it h h o ld (e r), w it h h o l d in g , w it h in ,

w ith -it , w it h o u t, w it h-p ro f it s , w ith s t a n d(e r)

____________________________

__________

W ord F orm a tion Practice 2B

W ord F orm a tion R e sourc e 2 1 Sublist 2

Use t h e w ord giv e n in c a pita ls a t t h e e nd o f each s e nt e nce t o form a w ord t h a t fits in th e

corre sp o n d in g space.

1 The w inter-inspire d m e nu w ill consist o f a w arm ing ve g e tarian soup st art er follo w e d by a

choic e o f h e arty and w hole so m e M ain Courses such as C hef T e m pleton

s famous

____________

ox ta il or th e delicious S prin gbok Pinot a g e Pie. (BON E)

2 T he fin dings fro m th e t hre e studies do n ot su pport th e n otio n t h a t a dolesce nts beli e v e

others are a tt e ntiv e t o a nd critic a l o f t h e ir every move, or t h a t th e ir social co g n itio n and

p erce ption i s

______________________

and d ist orte d. (CENTR E)

3 The heroin e kn elt in fro n t o f a hol e t h a t w as soon t o be h er gra ve, refusing t o confess t o h er

prop o s e d

____________

crimes. (V O LV A)

4 C ompanie s w it h a strong drin k c ult ure could be v ulnera ble to claims fro m employe e s w h o

fe e l th e y have been passed over for pro m otion because o f t h e ir

__________________

in social

activities. (INV O LV E)

5 Science regards th e pra gm atic, or routin e convictions w h ich so oft e n gov ern, as a m ixt ure o f

rule o f t h u m b know le d g e and m y t h o l o g ic a l

___________

. (K N O W)

6 G overnm e nt claims th a t th e re is no pov erty a re

___________

by th e num b er o f homeless

p e ople on th e stre ets. (LIE)

7 T wic e w e w e r e

____________

shooed a w a y by e mploye es wh e n w e asked onc e f or o ur server

and once for our food a ft er w a itin g p a ti e n tly for a v ery generous tim e . (LITTLE)

8 Even th o u g h w e m a y find ourselve s un a cco unta bly h a ppy i n

____________

mom e nts, still w e

m ay n o t be a b l e t o f i n d m e a n i n gfu l w ork , m ak e t h os e w h o lov e US h a p p y , or k e e p o ur

c h ild re n safe. (SEEK)

•

9 O ne o f th e most int erestin g events o f th e w e e k w ill be th e d e m onstra tio n o f th e w o nd e rs o f

_______

M e m b ers are t o be asked t o w a lk past th e n e w inve ntion in a d ark room, w h e re

in visible rays w ill pick th e m o ut o f t h e darkness a nd thro w th e ir images on a scre en in

a n o th er room . (VISIBLE)

10 The m an ju st show e d up a t th e resta urant in sw e ater and je a ns and a face glorio usly

___________

. (M E D DLE)

Choose th e suitable word from th e box and supply its correct form th a t fits in each space.

AFRICA HA ND LOCALE MINUTE PROGNOSIS

DEVIL KNOW MERGE PROFIT START

STORM WARNING

Lake Victoria, one of the largest bodies of fresh water on the planet, the we ather can be

treacherous. More than 4000 people drown in this east African lake every year as storms

(1 )

_____

their boats.

There are 285 days of lightning a year in

[

the nearby Ugandan city of

]

Kampala - just one day without lightning every week," says Frank Annor, field director of the

( 2 )

___________

Hydro-Meteorological Observatory (TAHMO). In January, Annor will launch a

we ather forecasting project to try and reduce the death toll. The system will send weather

forecasts and storm warnings via SMS to local residents in Uganda, where the project will be

launched.

Alongside a number of partners, TAHMO has installed 100 cheap we ather stations around

Lake Victoria. Each is powered by a small solar panel, and records rainfall, temperature, sunshine,

humidity, pressure, and wind speed and direction. They use the cell network to send a report to a

central server every 5 minutes, or more frequently when the we ather is changing. There, the data

is gathered, processed and combined with satellite data to build a forecast. If TAHMO sees a storm

coming, it sends out fre e SMS warnings to anyone who has signed up. The system uses SMS

because while almost three-quarters of Ugandans own a cell phone, most are basic (3 )___________

without internet access. With its sensors, TAHMO hopes t o be able to give Lake Victoria

s residents

thre e days

warning of severe storms, as well as more (4)

___________

as weather rolls through the

region. The network will start test forecasting in January, and be fully up and running by April, says

Annor.

If the project is successful, TAHMO aims to extend its (5 )

__________

we ather model beyond

Uganda. The (6) ___________ already has clusters of weather stations running in Ghana, the

Democratic Republic of th e Congo and Kenya. In the US, TAHMO

s partner Earth Networks has a

programme called W eatherBug which feeds data from cheap sensors to home thermostats, letting

houses adjust their temperature in tune with incoming weather. Ultimately, Annor and van de

Giesen want to (7 )___________a market for accurate we ather prediction in sub-Saharan Africa.

Until now, many countries have been ( 8 )

___________

by poor we ather data, often relying on

information gathered by hand.

s a struggle, says Annor, as the existing manual approach has left a public perception that

we ather (9)

__________

aren

t reliable. But it

s worth it. T h ere are people who need this

inform ation, but because of poverty they can

t afford it," he says. "People

s lives could change for

th e better if th ey have (1 0)___________about the we ather."

Use th e w ord given in capit als to form a word th a t fits in the corresponding space.

Listen and check your answers.

NEW FILM: BEARING DOWN

The Revenantcomes so close to being an action classic. Why does it fail?

When one online reviewer (1 )

___________

(INTERPRET) a key sequence in "The Revenant",

Alejandro Inarritu

s harrowing wilderness-survival drama acquired a nickname: "The Bear Rape

Movie". It is import ant to clarify, then, th at Leonardo Di Caprio

s character, a shaggy-bearded 19th-

century (2 )

__________

(FRONT) cal led Hugh Glass, is not raped by a bear, although ursine sexual

assault is just about the only ordeal he is spared.

At the start of the film, Mr Inarritu

s fi rst since his Oscar-winning Broadway farce, "Birdman",

Glass is a member of a fur-trading party tha t is ambushed by Arikara natives. The ensuing forest

battle has the (3 )

___________

(NERVE) immediacy of the D-Day set piece in "Saving Private Ryan"

(1998), Steven Spielberg

s second-world-war drama. Shortly afterwards, Glass is bitten, clawed,

trodden on and flung around (but not raped) by a hulking grizzly, and then left for dead by a

treacherous colle ague (Tom Hardy). But he forces himself t o trek for hundreds of miles to his

associates

fort, via frozen (4 )

___________

(LAND) as hostile and be autifully strange as the surface

of an alien planet.

Mr Di Caprio has said that his notoriously gruelling experiences on the set of T ita nic" nearly

20 years ago were a breeze compared with making T h e Revenant" on locat ion in Canada and

Argentina. But his tribulations have paid off. Like Mr Hardy

s recent hit, "Mad Max: Fury Road", T h e

Revenant" is a thunderous riposte to those (5 )

___________

(BLOCK) in which digitally rendered

cities are flattened, but the violence never registers as anything other than what it is: the

( 6 )

____________

(ORGANISE) of pixels on a computer screen. W atching Mr Inarritu

( 7 ) __________(VISCUS) film, the viewer feels Glass

s pain. Every plunge into an icy river, every

mouthful of twitching raw f ish, every arrow through the thro at seems (8 )

___________

(CRUCIATE)

real. It is unfortunat e, then, that the director has given in to his fatal weakness for distracting

(9 )

___________

(PLOT) and mystical hallucinations. If Mr liárritu had not fallen for padding out his

primal revenge yarn to an unnecessary 156 minutes, the (1 0 )

__________

(POWER) scenes of Glass

st ruggling against the bear, his human enemies and nature itself would have made

The

Revenant" into a classic of the action-movie genre.

The Economist

Mock Test 2

Tran Dai Nghia High School for the Gifted

iolympic Contest

Use th e word given in capit als at th e end of each sent ence to form a word th a t fits in th e

corresponding space.

1 A

___________

agreement between the UK, France and Ireland allows horses to travel

betwe en the thre e countries without health certificates. (PART)

2 People can decide how to care for their children,

___________

by interference from the state.

(CUMBERSOME)

3 We were amazed by her wonderful skill in t h e

___________

of crying infants. (PEACE)

4 Like m a ny

___________

of his generation, he was fascinated by the Internet. (TE CHNOLO GY)

5 A strike is unlikely, but some forms o f

___________

are being considered. (OPERATE)

6 The last recession

___________

the economy. (VITAL)

7 The results had b e e n___________by five independent scientists in the same field. (REVIEW)

8 Similar changes are h a pp e ning___________. (INDUSTRY)

9 Some experiences in early life h ave

___________

effects. (ERADICATE)

10 Several dead birds had been w ashed___________. (SHORE)

Choose the suitable word from th e box and supply its correct form th a t fits in each space.

SHADOW

FLEDGE EVANESCENT VARY MINE

CONVERT

MANA GE SYNTHESISE

ERROR BUILD

Many past societies collapsed or (1 )___________, leaving behind monum ental ruins such as

those th at the poet Shelley imagined in his sonnet, O zym andias. By collapse, I mean a drastic

decrease in human population size and/or political/economic/social complexity, over a

considerable area, for an ext ended time. By those standards, most people would consider the

following past societies to have been famous victims of ( 2 )

___________

collapses rather than of

just minor declines: the Anasazi and Cahokia within the boundaries of the modern US, the Maya

cities in Central America, Moche and Tiwanaku societies in South America, Norse Greenland,

Mycenean Greece and Minoan Crete in Europe, Great Zimbabwe in Africa, Angkor Wat and the

Harappan Indus Valley cities in Asia, and Easter Island in the Pacific Ocean.

Those past collapses tended to follow somewhat similar courses constituting variations on a

theme. Writers find it t empting to draw analogies betwe en the course of human societies and the

course of individual human lives - to talk of a society

s birth, growth, peak, old age and eventual

death. But that met aphor proves (3 )

___________

for many past societies: they declined rapidly

after reaching peak numbers and power, and those rapid declines must have come as a surprise

and shock to their citizens. O bviously, too, this trajectory is not one that all past societies followed

(4 )

______

to completion: diff erent societies collapsed to different degrees and in somewhat

diff erent ways, while many societies did not collapse at all.

Today many people feel th at environment al problems (5)

___________

all the other threats to

global civilisation. These environmental problems include the same eight that (6 )

___________

past

societies, plus four new ones: human-caused climate change, (7 )

___________

of toxic chemicals in

the environment, energy shortages, and full human utilisation of the Earth

s ( 8 )

__________

cap a city. But t h e seriousness of the se curre nt environm e nt a l problem s is is vigorously deb a t e d.

Are th e risks gre atly e xagg erated, or (9) _____________are t h e y underestim a te d? Will m od ern

t e ch n o log y solve o ur problems, or is it cre ating n e w probl e m s faster th a n it solves old ones? W h en

w e d e ple t e one resource (e.g. w ood, oil, or oce an fish), can w e coun t on b eing able to s u b stit ut e

some n e w resource (e.g. plastics, w ind and solar energy, or farm e d fish)? Isn

t it th e rate o f hum an

popula tion grow th d e clinin g, such th a t w e

re alre ady on course for th e w orld

s pop ul a tio n t o level

o ff at som e (1 0 )

____________

num b e r o f people?

__________ Key

Mock Test 2

1 trip a rtit e

2 une ncum b ere d

3 p a cification

4 t echno phile s

5 non-co o p eration

6 d e vitalis e d

7 p e er-review ed

8 industry-w id e

9 in eradic a ble

10 ashore

vanished

6 u n d erm in e d

full-fle dg e d

7 b uild-u p

erroneous

8 photosy n th e tic

unvaryingly/

9 converse ly

invaria bly

10 m a n a g e a bl e

ov ersha dow

W ord F orm a tion R esource 3

Sublist 1

40 C UMB E R

41 E RADIC A T E

42 IN DU S TR Y

43 OP E R AT E

44 PAR T

cumber-ground, cum b ersom e(ly), cumbersomeness, cumbrous(n ess), discum b er,

(dis)encum b er, encum bra nce, u n encum b ered

co-radicate, deracin a t e , d eracinta tion, deradicalise, eracinate, (in)eradicable,

era dicant, eradicate d, eradic a tion, era dic a tor, inracinate; radical(ise), radicalish,

radicalism(-conservatism), ra d ic a lly, radicalness, radicand, radicant,

radicel(lat e), radicellose, radices, radicicolous, ra dicid ation, ra diciform , radicle,

radicul a(r), radicul e , ra diculitis, ra diculop a thy, ra diculose

_____________________

a gri-industri a l, a gri-industry, a gro-ind ustrial, a gro-in dustry, bioindu stry,

deindustria lise , industrial(s), industrialise, industrialism, industri a list,

industrial-strength , industrious, industry-wid e , m ilit ary-indu stri a l,

non-indu stria l, post-industria l(ism), pre-industrial, proto-industri a l(is ation),

reindustria lise

adoperate, ba ttery-op e ra t e d, coin-operat e d, cooperage, co-op e ra nt, co-operat e,

co-op erative(ne ss), co-op era tivis a tion, co-op erator, g as-operated,

h a n d-op erat e d, (in)op era bility, (in)op erable, ino p e ra tiv e , interop e ra bility,

int erop era bl e , int erop era t e , ke y-operate d, m icro-op era tio n, m icro-opera tiv e ,

non-c o o p era tio n , non-op era ting, non-op e ra tion a l, operance, opera ncy,

op era nd, operant, operat a ble , operat e e , op e ra tin g, operation(al(ise)),

opera tionalis a ble , o p e ra tio n a lity, op erationalism , opera tion{al)ist, op erations,

opera tive(ness), op era tivity, op eratory, opera tor(ship), operatre ss, op era trix,

p eriop erative , p ost-op eration, post-operative , pow er-op e ra t ed, pre -op era tion ,

preoperative , ps e udo-op eration , recoil-op era t ed, re operation, teleop erat e ,

t e le op era tio n , t eleop e ra tor, uncooperative , unopera ble, unoperate d,

uno p era ting, unop erative , voice-opera t ed, w e ll-o p era t ed

____________________

a f t e r-p a rty, a ll-p a rty, { a n ti-)a p a rth e id , a-party, a n tip a rtic l e , a p a rt, a p a rt(h)o t e l,

a p a rtm e n t(s), a p artne ss, appart, a strop a rticl e , biparted, bipartite, bipartient, bipartile,

bip a rtis a n (ship), b ip a rtit e , bipartition, bi-party, c h a rt e r-p a rty , compartition,

c o m p a rtm e n t(a l(l y)), c o m p a rtm e nt a lis e , c o m p a rt m e n t a li s m ,

c o m p a rt m e nt a tio n , compartner, contrapart, co-partial(lity), copart(i)ment, copartitive,

co-p a rtn e r(s h ip), co u n t e rp a rt(y), cross-p arty, d e p a rt(e d), departable, departal,

departance, departible, d e p art m e n t(a l(ly), d e p a rtm e n t a lis e , d e p art m e n t a lis m ,

d e p a rt ure , dipartite, dispart(ation), dispartment, enterpart(en), e q u ip a rtitio n ( e d ), f o r e p a rt , .

g a rd e n -p a rty, hexpartite, im p a rt(a tio n ), impartble, impartance, impartener, imparter,

im p arti a l , im p a rtia lit y , impartible, imparticipable, impartite, impartment, imparture,

indepartable, in t e rd e p a rtm e nt a l , la n g u a g e -p a rtic u l a r, m i d -p a rt, misdepart,

m o u t h p a rt, m ult i-p a rtis m , m u lti-p a rt is t , m u ltip a rt it e , m ultip a rty{is m ),

45 P E AC E

46 SH O R E

47 T E C H

n a n o p artic l e , n o n -p a rt ic ip a nt , n o n -p a rticip a t i n g , n o n -p a rticip a t io n ,

non-p a rtis a n(ship), n o n-p a rty, nonupartition, o c to p a rtit e , octopartition, on e -p a rty ,

outp art(er), o v e rp a rt e d , o v e r-p a rti a l, ov e r-p a rtic u l a r, õver-party, p a rt a ble ,

p art a g e , p a rtb o o k , p a rt-bre d , p a rt e r, p a rt ex(ch a n g e ), p a rtia lis m , p a rti a list(ic),

p a rtia lis e {d), p a rti a lis in g , p a rti a l(it y), p a rtia ln e ss, p a rti ary, p a rt ib ilit y , p a rtib l e ,

p a rt ic ip a b ilit y , p artici p a b le , p a rtic ip a n c e , p a rtici p a n c y , p arti c ip a n t , p a rtic ip a t e

p a rtic ip a tio n(a l), p a rt icip a tiv e , p a rticip a t or(y), p a rt icipi al(is e ), p a rtic i p l e ,

p a rticl e {d), p a rt icle -lik e , p a rt i c o l o ure d), p articul a r{is e (r)), p articul a rn e ss,

p a rtic u l a rism , p a rtic u l a ris t(ic(a lly)), p a rtic ul a ritie s , p a rtic u l a rity , p a rticulars ,

p a rt i c u l a t e

), p a rticule , p a rti e d-o u t, p a rtif i e d , p a rtify , parti-fellow, p art i-g e n e ric ,

p a rtigi a n o , p a rtih u e d , p a rtile , p a rt in g , p arti-p art i a l, p artis a n(ship), p a rtis a nis m

p a rtis a nis e d , p a rtisa n ly, p artis a n a ry, p a rtit a , p a rtit e , p a rtit io n(e r), p artitio n ary ,

p a rtit io n is m , p a rtit io n is t , p a rt itio n m e n t , p a rtit iv e , p a rti v ity , p a rtiz a n(s hip),

p artle ss , p art l e t , p a rtly , p artn e ss, p artn er(le ss), p a rt n e rs hip, p artocra cy,

pra t o cra t(ic), p a rt-o w n (e r), p a rt-o w n e rs h ip , p a rto u z e , p a rt-sin g in g , p a rt-skim ,

p a rt-s o n g , p a rt-tim e (r), p art-w a y, p a rt-w ho l e , p a rt-w o rk , p a rt-w ritin g ,

p a rty-b o a t in g , p art y-cra sh e r, p a rty-cra s hin g, p a rty-d o w n, p a rty-g iv e r,

p a rt y -g o e r/g o in g , p a rt y-h e a rty , p a rtyism , p a rtyist, party-jury, partykin, p artyless,

: p a rt y-lik e , p a rty-li n e r, p a rt y -li n in g , p a rty m a n , p a rty-m in d e d n e s s , p a rtyn e ss,

p a rt y -p o o p e r/p o o p i n g , p a rt y-spirit e d , p a rtyship , p a rty-w a lle d , pl a y-p art y,

po st-p a rtis a n , pre -p a rt, p u ll-a p a rt, purp a rt(y), q u a drip a rtit e , q u a d rip a rtitio n ,

q u a sip a rticle , q u i n q u i p a rtit e , re im p a rt, repart(ment), re p a rt e e , re p artition(ed),

self-partial(ity), s e x p a rtit e , s ingle-p a rty, somepart, sp are-p art, sub p a rt,

su p e rp a rtlc u l ar(ity), s u p erp a rti e nt, s u p e rp art n er, suppart, take-apart, tantipartite,

I t e a-p a rty , t h re e -p a rt , t h ird -p a rt y , tripart(ient), tripartisan, tripartism, tri p a rtit e (ly),

trip a rt it i o n , tripartitory, two-part, underpartable, undeparted, undeparti ng, u nd e rp a rt(s),

uni mparted, unipartite, u n p a rt a b l e , u n p a rt e d, un p a rti a l(ty), u n p a rtib le ,

u n p a rtic ip a nt, u n p a rti c i p a te d , u n p artic ip a t in g , u n p a rt ic ip a tiv e , un p a rti c u l a r,

u n p a rtic u l a ri s e d , u n p a rt i e d, u n p a rtin g ly , u n p a rtis a n , u n p a rt n e re d , u n p a rty,

unrepartable, war-party, water-parting 

" 

A sia-P acific, Ind o-P a cific, G re e np e a c e , m id-P acific , p a cif arin , paciferous,

p a cifi a ble , p a cific(a lly), p a cific a t e , p a c ifi c a ti o n , p a cific a tor(y), p a cificism ,

p a c ific ist, p a cif icity , p a cific o , pacificous, P a dfic-w ard(s), p a cifi e r, p a cifis m ,

p a d fist(ic(a lly)), p a c if y(in g ly), tra n s-P a cific, p e a c e a b ility, p e a ce a ble(n e ss),

Ip e a c e-a t-a ny-pric e r, p e a c eful(n e ss), p e a c e -bre a ker, p e a c e -guild , p e a c e k e e p e r,

 pe a c e k e e pin g , pe aceless, p e a c e -lo v in g , p e a c e m a k er, p e a c e m a kin g ,

j p e a c e m o n g e r(ing), p e a c e nik, p e a c e t a lk in g , p e a c e -tra in e d , p e a c e tim e ,

re p a cif ic a tion , re p a cify, u n p a d fi a bl e , u n p a c if ic, u np a cifi e d ; a ppe a s e(r),

appeaseless, a p p e a s e m e nt, re(ap)pease, un a pp e a s e d __________________________

a lo n g sh ore , a shore , d o g s h o re , fore s h ore , go a s h ore , insh ore , lo n g s h ore (m a n),

m id shore , ne arshore , offshore , o n s h ore , re sh ore , se ashore , ship-to-shore ,

shore-b a s e d, shore b ird , shore-going, sh ore l ark, shore less, s h orelin e , shore sid e ,

shore w ard(s), sh ore w e e d , undershore, unshored

________________

_____________

at echnic, atechny, b iot e c h , biot e ch n ic(s), b iot e c h n ic a l, b i o t e ch n icia n ,

b iot e c h n o logic a l, b io t e c h n o lo g ist, b i o t e c h n o l o g y , cacotechny, callotechni cs,

chreotechnics, e c o t e c h n o lo g i c a l, e c o t e ch n o lo g y , e l e ctrot e c h n ic(s),

e l e c tro t e c h n cia n , e l e c tro t e c h n ic a l, e l e c tro t e c h n o l o g y , eotechnic, fin t e c h ,

g e ote c h n ic(s), g e ot e c h n ic a l, g e o t e ch n o lo g y , halotechny, hig h-t e c h(n o lo g y),

hi-t e c h , info t e c h , intechnicality, logarithmotechny, lo-t e c h , lo w -t e ch , mataeotechnia,

mataeotechny, metallotechny, m i crot e c h n o lo g ic a l, m ic ro t e c h n o lo g y , m i d-t e c h ,

m n e m o t e c h n ic(s), m n e m ot e c h n y , m o n o t e c h n ic , n a n o t e ch,

n a n o t e c h n o lo g ic a l, n a no t e c h n o lo g is t, n a no t e c h n o lo g y , n e ot e chnic(s),

n e w -t e ch, n o n-t e c h n ic a l(l y), n o-t e ch , onomatechny, p a l a e ot e chnic ,

p a n t e c h(n ic(o n)), p h ilot e c h nic(a l), poly t e c h n ic(a l), p o l y t e c h n icia n ,

ipo ly t e c h n is a tio n , p s ych o t e chnic(s), psychot e ch n ic a l, p s y c h o t e c h n o lo g ist,

p s y c h o t e ch n o lo g y , psychrotechny, pyrot e c h n ic(a l), p y rot e c h nici a n , p yro t e c hnic s,

p yrot e c h n ist, pyro t e c h n y , sci-t e ch, s u p e r-t e c h n o lo g ic a l, t e ch-h e a d , t e c hie ,

t e c h n e (tro m c), t e c h n e tiu m , t e c h n ic a , t e ch n ic { a l(it y)),t e c h n ic a lis m .

technica lise , technic aln e ss, te chnic a lities, t e chnician, te ch nidsm , te chmcist.

t e chnicity, t e chnicise(d), t e chnicology , t e chnicolour(ed), technics, t echnicum ,

t e chnifi e d , t e chnif y, t echnism , t echnikon, techniqu e , tech no, t e ch nob a bbl e ,

t e ch n oc e ntric, te chnocom pl e x, technocracy, te chnocrat{ic(ally)),

te ch n o culture , t echno-e n vironm e nt, technofe ar, t e chn o-f etishism,

technofre ak(ish), t e chn o fix, t e chn ogra ph e i, t e chnogra phic, t e ch nogra phy,

te chn o-he a d, t e chn o-hippie , t e chnoid , t ech n o-jargon, techno-junkii.-.

te chnologic(al), t e chnologico-B ent h a m it e , t e chnologism , t e c h nologist,

te ch nology, te chno-m a n a g er, t e chn o-m a n ag eri a l, te chnom ani a(c),

t e chno-m e ch a nic, te chnom ic, te chno-n a tion a lism , t e ch n o-n e rd, t e chnon o m y.

techno-p a g an(ism), te chn op ark, t e chnophile , t echnophili a , te c h n ophilic,

t e chnoph ob e , t echnop h o bia , t e chnophob ic, t e chnop olis, t e c h n o p o lit a n ,

t e chnopre n eur(ial), tech(no)-sa vvy, technosci e nce, t ech noscie ntific,

t e chnosci e ntist, techno-sham a n(ic), t e chno-sh a m a nism, t e chnospe a k,

te chnosph ere , technostress(ed), t ech n ostruct ure, t e c h n o-t hriller,

t echnotro nic, t e chy, t erot e chnological, t e rote chnolo gist , t e not e chnolo g y ,

theotechny, thymiatochny, unte chnical, zaitech

______________________________________

avital, avitaminosis, d e vit alis e , e le ctro-vit al(ism), intervital, inlravital, invital,

m e ga vit a min , m ultivita m in, neo-vit alist(ic), pre vit a m in, provit a m in, psycho-

vit al, revitalise, subvit a l, supravit al, unvital(ised), vitalism , vitalisl(ic), vit alit y,

vit a m in , vita m inis e

non-viable , pre vi a bl e , (in/u n)via bility, (in/un)via ble , viably

convivi a l(ity), vivace, vivacious(ness), viv a city, vivid(ness)

W ord F orm a tion Practice 3A

W ord F orm ation Resource 3 1 Sublist 1

Use t h e w ord giv e n in c a pit a ls a t th e e nd o f e ach s e nt e nce t o form a w o rd t h a t fits in th e

corre sp o n d in g space.

Som etim es physician assist ants may be a s lig h t

___________

, re quiring an inc o nv e nie nt

a m ount o f th e ph ysicia n s

tim e, especially in th e e arly stages o f th e p artn ership. (C UMB ER)

The state

s worst t e rrorists are not b e in g

___________

in prison, pro m pting a call t o ke ep

ra dical inm a t es b e hind bars, even a fte r th e ir sent e nces e xpire. (RADIC AL)

O n e -t hird o f

____________

sewage i n th e cities w e n t u ntre at e d on average, w hil e no tre a tm e n t

was carried o u t at all in 193 o f th e country

s 500 bigge st cities. (IN D U STRY)

He survived his w ar experie nces and, a lt h o u gh 50% disabled as a result o f being gassed and

having a sh e ll

____________

lo dg e d in his a bdom e n, led a life o f service to his country.

(OPERAT E)

In th e b a c t e riu m ,

___________

m ig ht t hus be achieved e it h er i f th e cell divid es at a l e ngth for

w hic h th e ho m oge n e ous st ate is sta bl e or if p e riod-doubling occurs b efore or at an initi al

stage o f cytokinesis. (PART)

W h e n re m inde d th a t mod ern wars are w a g ed d ire ctly or in dire ctly by thos e w it h th e m ost

w ar m a chinery and prop a ga nda , t h e s e

____________

hedge and say i t is "d e f e nse " th a t is

being aff e ct e d. (PEAC E)

The pre sum ption o f ju d i c i a l

____________

o f e x e cutive a ction is so d e e ply e ntre nch e d in

Australian pu b lic law t o d a y as t o m ake any move t o lim it it an e m otive politic al issue. (VIE W)

More t h a n a m illion and a h a lf jobs have b e e n

____________

as m ultin a tio n a l buccane ers mov e

pla nts and assembly lines t o countrie s whose workers are paid pov e rt y w ages. (SHORE)

Adidas, t h e sportsw e ar m anufa cturer, has com e up w it h a runnin g shoe th a t uses

___________

to alt er its cushioning d e p e n din g on th e terra in - providing we arers w ith a more

com forta b l e experience. (TE CH)

Sym ptom s o f

___________

in clude tire dne ss, muscular we akness, lack o f appe tit e , skin spots,

bad bre ath, insomnia, irrit a bility, nausea, depre ssion a nd he adache. (VIT AL)

C hoose a suit a b l e d e riv a tiv e fro m t h e t o com p l e t e

each o f th e f o llo w in g sent e nce s.

1 His work is a surprising combin ation of science and art, the mundane and the dramatic,

perhaps reflecting t h e

__________

following the war and the infiltration of technology into

everyday life.

2 Increased opportunities for exploration and new ways to improve the lives of humans will be

available through the enhanced capabilities of future

____

robots.

3 More than 150 people attended an awards lunch, which saw York & C ounty Press take the

prizes for best mono newspaper advertisement, b e st

.....

..... ...

project, best

ent ertainment and leisure initiative, and best studio.

4 New Orleans was also the victim of a prolonged failure of the federal governm ent to adopt

and fund a serious strategy f o r

___________

urban centres.

5 She ultimat ely gives up men

s meals of cooked meat for a lighter raw diet of women

s fare,

th us

___________

herself of male ideology.

6 Some commentators have recommended that the Army est ablish constabulary units focused

exclusively o n

__________

duties.

7 The academics needed and high quality publishing of their papers for success

and status in their field.

8 The conjunction of portrait miniature and jew elled container located the portrait

___________

in the domain of luxury, and hence also of commerce.

9 The term

negligent

is to be understood in a(n)

___________

way to denote

failure to act with

the competence reasonably to be expected of ordinary members of the profession

10 Thi s process is also destroying vegetation, washing soil and pollutants into estuaries and

onto coral reefs as well as alie n a ting____

_____

from the public, and threatening beaches

with rock walls.

Use the word given in capitals to form a word t h a t fits in the corre sponding space.

Listen and check your answers.

OUR COUNTRY OF THE YEAR: MOST FAVOURED NATION

Which country improved the most in 2015?

If our "country of the year" award we nt to the place th at grabbed the most headlines, Russia

would be hard to beat. But we do not wish to honour milit ary adventurism, domestic repression

and the burning of perfectly good foreign cheese, so Vladimir Putin will have to make do w ith the

Chinese peace prize he won in 2011. Likewise, Islamic State, though it forced itself into the news

more than most countries i n 2015, is (1 )

___________

(QUALIFY) because it is not a nation but an

(2 )

_________

(OMEN).

We prefer to recognise a country that has made the world a bett er place. And, amid the

(3)

__________

(BEAT) of bad news, it is cheering how many contenders there are. America,

among others, legalised gay marriage. It also restored diplom atic ties w ith Cuba and reached a

nuclear agreement with Iran. Chi na relaxed its cruel one-child policy somewhat. All couples will

now be allowed two babies. And as a token of the C ommunist Party

s compassion, the millions of

children born without permission will soon be allowed access to public services, from which they

were previously excluded. Nigeria saw its first peaceful ejection of an incumbent president at the

ballot box. Voters replaced the (4)

__________

(HAP) G oodluck Jonathan with Muhammadu

Buhari, who makes the right noises about corruption and appears to have beaten back the

jihadists of Boko Haram.

In Latin America the "pink tide " of left-wing populism began to turn. Venezuela

s opposition

won two-thirds of the seats in the National Assembly, and may curb the excesses of President

Nicolas Maduro and his rotten, (5)

___________

(APT) and authoritarian regime. In Argentina voters

rejected the chosen heir of Cristina F ernandez de Kirchner for Mauricio Macri, who must now clean

up her legacy of wild inflation, ruinous economic controls, dodgy statistics and the (6 )___________

(VERTEX) of democratic institutions. In Guatemala a who

s who of the political elite, including the

form er president, were arrested for alleged graft. Jimmy Morales, a comedian, won the presidency

with the slogan "neither corrupt, nor a thief". Colombia may soon sign a deal to end the longest-

running guerrilla war in the Americas.

Europe saw an alarming surge of (7)

__________

(PHOBIA) populism, but French voters

thwarted Marine Le Pen

s National Front in regional polls. G ermany - along with Sweden -

welcomed lots of Syrian refugees. Ireland, once writt en off as a Celtic calamity, posted tigerish

growth of 7%.

T h e M id dle E ast h a d a w r e t c h e d ye a r, b u t t h ere w e re ( 8 )

____________

(BREAK) o f g e n e ro sity .

Jord a n a nd L e b a n on h o st e d f a r m ore refu g e e s fro m th e bom b s , bull e t s a nd (9)

___________

(H E A D) o f Syri a a nd Ira q t h a n a ny rich E urope a n n a tio n . In Jord a n t h e y are n e a rly a t e n th o f th e

p o p u l a tio n ; in L e b a n on, a qu a rt e r. B ut in n e ith e r c o u n try are t h e y f o rm a lly a llo w e d t o w ork.

M ore ov e r, Jord a n c o uld b e q u it e a b it k in d e r t o its lo n g-st a n d in g p o p u l a ti o n o f P a le stini a n

re fug e e s, a n d L e b a n on is so b a d ly g o v e rn e d t h a t t h e rub b ish is p ilin g u p in t h e stre ets.

O ur w in n e r, th e re f o re , is M y a n m ar. Five y e ars a g o i t w as a larc e n ous d ict a t o rs h i p w h e re ev e n

pic t ure s o f A un g San Suu Kyi, t h e o p p o s itio n le a d er, w ere b a n n e d fro m n e w s p a p e rs. In N o v e m b e r

Miss S uu Kyi

s p a rty w o n 77% o f th e v o t e . T h e a rm y, w hich re t ains hu g e privile g e s , a p p e ars re a d y

t o share p ow e r. It co u ld still g o w ro n g . (M ya n m ar s till tre a t s th e R o hingya a n d o t h e r m in o rit i e s

(1 0 )

___________

(GRAC E).) B ut t h e co u n try

s tra n s itio n t o so m e t h in g re s e m blin g d e m ocra cy has

com e f a st e r t h a n a n y o n e d are d e x p e c t. F or th a t, M ya nm ar w i n s th e pri z e .

The Economist

W ord F orm a tion R esource 3

Sublist 2

49 B UILD

50 C O N V E R T

a b u ild in g , a s-b u ilt, b o a t b u ild e r, b o a t b u ild i n g , b o d y b u ild e r, b o d y b u il d in g ,

b o o k-b u ild(in g ), bric k -b u ilt , b rid g e -b u ild e r, b rid g e -b u ild in g , b u ild e r(in g),

b u ild in g , b u ild d o w n , b u ild o u t , b u ild-u p , b u ilt, b u ilt -in , b u ilt-u p , c a rv e l-b u ilt ,

castle-builder, c h a ra ct e r-b u ild in g , c h u rc h -b u ild in g , c lin k e r-b u ilt , c o a c h b u ild e r,

co a c h -b u ilt, cu s t o m -b u ilt , d e s ig n -b u ild , e a rth -b u ilt , e m p ir e -b u il d in g ,

fr a m e -b u ilt , h o m e b u ild e r, h o m e b u il d in g , hou s e b uild er, h o u s e b u ild in g ,

im a g e-b u ild , i n b u ilt , j e rry-b u ild e r, j e rry -b u ild in g , j e rry -b u ilt, m o u n d-b u ild er,

m o u n d -b u ild i n g , n a t i o n -b u ild in g , n e w b u ild(i n g ), n e w -b u ilt , org a n-b u ild in g ,

o u t b u ild in g , o v e rb u ild , o v e n-b u ild er, p il e -b u il d in g , p il e -b u ilt ,

pro g ra m m e -b u ild i n g , purp o s e -b u ilt , q u ic k-b u il d , ra c e -b uilt , re b u ild(a ble ),

re b u il d e r, re e f-b uild e r, re e f-b u ild in g , s e lf-b uild(e r), re gu l a r-b u ilt ,

rin g-b u ild in g , rin g -b u ilt , ro c k-b u ild e r, ro c k-b uilt, scratch-build, s hip b u ild e r,

s h ip b u il d in g , s q u a re -b u ilt, s t a k e build in g , s y st e m -b u ilt, u n b u ild , u n b u ilt ,

underbuild(er), u p b u ild , w e ll-b u ilt

_______

_______________________________________

a u t o-c o n v e rt e r, bio co n v e rs io n , c onvers a ble , conv e rs a nc e , conv e rsa ncy ,

conv ers a n t, conv e rs a t ion(a l), c o n v e rs a tio n-s to p p e r, c o n v e rs a tio n a list,

co nvers a zion e(s), conv ersa z ion i, con v ers e(ly), c o n v ers ion, conv e rt e r,

(i n )c o n v e rtib ilit y , (in)c o n v e rtib le , co n v e rtible s, convertiplane, c o n v e rt o r,

d o w n co n v e rs io n , d o w nc o n v e rt e r, econverse, inconversable, inconversant,

in t e rc o n v e rs io n , In t e rc o n v e rt(ib l e ), m is c o n v e rt, p h o to c o n v e rsio n ,

p h o to c o n v e rt(ib l e ), re conv e rsion, re conv e rt, s ero conv ersio n , s e roconv e rt,

t e l e c o n v e rt e r, u n c o n v e rte d , unconversant

abversion, a m b iv ersio n , a m biv e rt, anniversal, a n niv ers ary, anteversion, a n t e v e rt e d ,

antroversion, antrovert, aversable, aversant, aversate, averse(d(ly)), av ersion(lst), a v ersive,

a v e rt(a b le), avertebrated, by-verse, circumversion, circumvert, contraverse, contraversion, I

counterverse, co-versed, co-vertial, e v e rsible , e v ersion, e v ert, evertebral, evertebrat e,

e xtra v e rsio n , e xtra v e rt(e d), e x tro v e rs io n , e xtrov e rt(e d), fre e-v ers er, imperverse,

impervertible, inavertible, insubvertible, intertransverse, interversion, intervert, in t e rv e rt e bra l,

inv e rt e bra t e , Introversible, in tro v e rs io n , intro v e rsiv e , in tro v e rt( e d), inversatile,

malversate, m a lv e rs a ti o n , malverse, m e n to v e rtic a l, n e ck-vers e , obversant,

obv ers e (ly), o b v e rsio n , o b v e rt, o ff-v ers e , on-v erse , p ara v e rt e bra l,

pervert(e d O y)), p erv ers e(ly), p erv erseness, p e rv e rsion (ate), perversiose, p erv ersity,

p e rv e rt e r, preversion, pre v e rt(e bra l), pro to v e rt e b ra (t e ), qu a q u a v ers a l(ly),

reperversion, re trov ers e , re tro v e rsio n , re tro v e rt e d , subversal, subversfer/or),

subversion(ary/ist), subv ersive(ness), subvert(er/or), su b v e rte bra l, s u b v e rt ibl e , I

t e rg iv e rs a t e , t e rg iv e rs a ti o n , t e rg iv e rs a t or, transversant, transversary, j

tra nsv ers e (a l(ity)), tra nsv ers e ly, transversive, unavertable, unaverted, underverse,

unp e rv ers e , u np e rv e rt(e d ), unsubverted, unv ers e d, unversified, versa(l), v ers a nt, i

v e rsa tile (ly), v e rs a tility, vers e(d), verse-coloured, verseless, v ers ele t, v e rs e-m a k e r, J

51 ERR

52 FLY

53 MINE

54 MANA GE

55 SHADE

aberrance,. aberrancy, aberrant(ly), aberrate(d), abberrating, aberrational ),

arrant, de-err, (in)errancy, errant(ry), errata, erraticially), erraticism, erratum,

erroneous(nes), error(less), error-correction, error-free, error-prone,

error-ridden, hero-errant, (in/un)errable, inerrant(ist), inerratic, inerroneous,

knight-errant(ry), oberration, pererrate, pererration, saint-errant, trial-and-error,

unerring(ness)

____________

_______

a-flying, alderfly, ant-fly, barfly, blackfly, blowfly, boatfly, botfly, burrel fly,

butt erfly, catchfly, counterfly, crarte-fly, cuckoo-fly, damselfly, day-fly, dobsonfly,

dogfly, dragonfly, dry-fly, dun-fly, eye-fly, firefly, flag-flying, fledge(less),

(full-)fledged, fledg(e}ling, flesh-fly, flier, flight(ed), flightily, flightiness,

fightless(ness), flightlin e, flightseeing, flight-shooting, flight-shot, flight-t est, flighty,

flightworthy, flyable, fly-about, flyaway, flyback, fly-bane, fly-bitten, flyblow(n),

fly-boat, fly-boy, flybridge, fly-by, fly-by-night(er), fly-by-wire, fl ycatcher,

fly-drive, fly-dung, flyer, fly-fish(ing), fly-flap(per), fly-in, flying, flyleaf, f lyman,

flyness, fly-net, fly-off, fly-on-the-wall, fly-out, flyover, flypaper, fly-past,

fly-pitcher, fly-pitching, fly-post(er), flysheet, fly-slow, flyspeck(ed), fly-the-garter,

fly-through, fly-tip(per), flytrap, fly-tying, fly-up-the-creek, flyway,

(mini-)flyweight, flywheel, flywire, free-fly, frit-fly, gadfly, gall-fly, greenfly,

high-flier, high-flown, high-flyer, high-flying, infledged, horsefly, hound-fly,

housefly, hoverfy, in-flight, jar-fly, kite-flying, locust-fly, low-fly(er), low-flying,

mayfly, medfly, moose-fly, new-fledged, night-fly(er), night-flying, no-fly,

non-flying, outfly, overflight, overfly, overflew, overfl own, ox-fly, paraflight,

paraflyi ng, postflight, preflight, rainfly, refledge, sandfly, sawfly, scare-fly,

shoo-fly, side-fly, ski-flying, smother-fly, sponge-fly, stonefly, superfly, test-flew,

test-flies, test-flown, test-fly(ing), thunderfly, time-of-flight, top-flight,

trencher-fly, unfledged, unflown, water-fly, well-fledged, whit efly

_________________

all-mine, countermine, deep-mined, demine(r), enmine, gold-mine, intermine,

landmine, mineable, mine-boy, mine-clearing, mine-detector, mined-out,

minefield, mine-free, minehunter, minehunting, minelayer, minelaying,

mineless, mineman, mine-mouth, mine-ness, mine-planter, mineproof,

miner(y), minerous, mineshaft, mine-sowing, mine-st amp, minesweeper,

minesweeping, mine-thrower, minework(er), placer-mine, strip-mine,

undermine(r), unmined

_______________________________________________

biomineral(ised), demineralise, macromineral, micromineral, minera(l),

minerable, mineragrapher, mineragra(lo)phic, minera(lo)graphy, mineraleity,

mineralisable, mi neralise(r), mi neralist, minerality, mineralness,

mineralocorticoid, mineralogic(al), mineralogist, mineralogy, mineraloid,

minerals, mi nerogenesis, minerogenetic, minerogenic, minerotrophic,

minerotrophy, monomineral(ic), multimineral, permineralise(d), post-mineral,

remineralise, unmineralised, vet ego-mineral

_____________________________

actor-manage(d/r), actress-manageress, boatmanage, eco-management,

malmanagement, (un)manageability, (un)manageable(ness), managee,

management(al), managementese, management-speak, manager(ess),

managerial, managerialism, managerialist, managership, managing,

man-manage(ment), micromanage(r), micromanagement, mid-management,

mismanage(r), mismanageable, mismanagement, owner-manager,

player-manager, project-manage, self-management, publicity-manage,

self-managi ng, stage-manage(r), stage-management, techno-manager(ial),

undermanager, unmanaged, well-managed

_____________________________

countershading, disshadow, enshade, eyeshade, eyeshadow(ed), foreshadow,

inshade, inshadow, lampshade, mock-shade, mock-shadow, moonshade, nightshade,

_____

56 SYNTHESISE

57 VANISH

58 VARY

t)versha

e(d)rbversBadmg, overshadow(er), shadeless, shader, shades,

shadily, shadiness, shading, shadow-box, shadow(er),.shadow-casting,

shadowgraph, shadowiness, shadowland(s), shadowless, shadowy, shady,

sunshade, unshaded, unshadowable, unshadowed, well-shading

______________

amylosynthesis, biosynthesis, biosynthesise(d), biosynthetic(ally),

chemosynthesis, chemosynthetic(ally), nucleosynthesis, nucleosynthetic,

para synthesis, parasynthetic(ally), parasyntheton, photosynthesis(e),

photosynthetic(ally), polysynthesis(m), polysynthetic(ally), polysynthetism,

psychosynthesis{t), psychosynthetic, pyrosynthesis, pyrosynthetic,

semi -synthetic, synthesis(t), synthesiser, synthesist, synthespian, synthetic(al)

evanesce, evanescence, evanescent, evanish, evanition, non-vanishing,

over-vain, vain(ly), vainglorious(ness), vainglory, vainness, vanishing(ly),

vanity

_____________________________

________________________________

bivariant, bivariate, contravariant, (auto)covariance, covariant, covariation, co-vary,

garden-variety, (in)variability, (in)variable(ness), invariance, i nvariant(ive),

multivariable, multivariant, multivariate, multivariety, multivarious,

non-variable, peninvariant, quartinvariant, revary, semi-invariant, sexinvariant,

subinvariant, subvariety, tactinvariant, trivariant, (invari able, unvariant, unvaried,

unvari egated, unvarying(ness), variable-geometry, variable-rate, variables,

variance, variant, variate, variation(al), variationist, varicel!a{r), varicelloid,

varicellous, varicoiour(ed), varied(ly), variegate(d), variegation, varietal,

varietist, variety, varifocal, vari (ci)form, varihued, varimax, variola(r), variolarioid,

variolate(d), variolation, variole, variolic, varioliform, varioline, variolist,

varioiite, variolitic, variolisation, varioloid, (anti)variolous, variometer,

variorum(s), variotinted, various(ness), variphone, vari-sized, varyingly, well-varied

Word Formation Practice 3B

Word Formation Resource 3 I Sublist 2

p ; pr Use the word given in capitals at the end o f each sentence to form a word th at fits in the

corresponding space.

1 Most people have a kind o f

___________

mechanism that enables them to maintain a steady

confidence in their own opinions and beliefs, but mine is more fragile than that. (BUILD)

2 Owing to the capaci ty of RNA to form a large variety of different structures, which are

dynamic a n d

__________

, special RNA molecules have evolved th at carry out enzymatic

reactions. (CONVERT)

___________

handling, misguided decision-making, wayward kicking and basic indiscipline

characterised a match whose best moment was the referee

s final whistle. (ERR)

4 Paul will be responsible for all in-house comedy and entertainment programmes on BBC

national radio, from established favourites such as Just A Minute to developing the talents of

___________

performers and writers. (FLY)

5 We had not been optimistic about finding many important works from the Italian

Renaissance, which is practically a(n)

__________

vein, but there have been surprising

successes. (MINE)

6 The principle o f

___________

suggests that individual workers or groups are given a set of

task objectives with minimal instructions about task methods. (MANAG E)

7 In a move which could

__________

the end of super-quarries in Scotland, the Scottish

Executive is preparing to review its controversial guidance on mineral workings. (SHADE)

8 The imported carbon is used as a substrate f o r

___________

pathways, for example, for the

biosynthesis of starch or fatty acids. (SYNTHESISE)

9 Here is battle from the ordinary soldier

s point of view, nothing heroic, nothing

__________

yet suffused with a tender nobility that gets to the heart of the matter of man

s relationship

to combat. (VANISH)

10 Blessed with white-sand,

__________

sunsets and warm tropical water, Waikiki, a must-go

resort in Honolulu, attracts millions of visitors year round to bask in its playgrounds. (VARY)

Choose the suitable word from th e box and supply its correct form th a t fits in each space.

AVERY CONSTITUTE

DRAMA RATIO

THRALL

BREAK DISCREET

ONUS

RELINQUISH

VITRIFY

THE HIDDEN DANGER OF TV

S TRUE-CRIME OBSESSION

On change.org, more than 300,000 people have signed a petition demanding th at Steven

Avery, a convicted murderer, be released from prison. The Wisconsin man, the petition argues, was

th e victim of "(1)

___________

mistreatm ent at the hands of corrupt local law enforcement";

accordingly, his trial should be thrown out and he should be "(2 )___________at once by pardon."

But the impetus for these demands isn

t the discovery of new evidence or the revelation of a secret

witness. It

s a 10-episode docuseries on Netfl ix.

M aking a M urd erer s part of a new wave of interactive true-crime ent ertainment. Whereas

Nancy Grace openly fries her subjects and D atelin e wraps messy trials into snackable segments,

this (3 )

___________

series - l ike the podcast S erial and HBO

s The Jinx before it - explores a single

story over multiple episodes. That structure allows creators to present all the relevant components

o f a case, they say, and let viewers draw their own conclusions. "We w ere n

t there to solve the

crime. We were there to document the experience of being accused in this country,"

M urd erer C O-

creator Moira Demos has said. "We

d always hoped the series would promote a dialogue." In other

words, this isn

t just a TV show. It

s a call for social just ice.

By that measure, M urderer is remarkably effective. We meet its subject, Avery, as a folk hero

who has just been released from prison after serving 18 years for an assault he did not commit.

(He

s freed by DNA testing.) Two years later, Avery gets arrested for murder by the same cops he

suing for (4 )

___________

- and using a mix of media clips, trial footage, narrative title cards and

original interviews, Demos and co-cre ator Laura Ricciardi recount the shadowy events th at lead to

his conviction, one episode at a time. It

s both (5 )

___________

and enraging.

But is it accurate? In some ways, yes: everything depict ed on the show actually happened.

Yet at its core, M urd erer is still a reality-TV series. That means central figures are "cast" in roles

(hero, villain, victim) and its events are heavily edited to ensure that viewers know who

s who, just

as they would on an episode of S urvivor or The R eal Housewives. That

s the nature of

condensing more than 30 years of legal drama into 10 episodes. Nonetheless, it has given rise to

one of the sharpest critiques of M urd erer so far: Avery

s prosecutor, Ken Kratz, alleged th a t the

show left out crucial facts to advance a(n) (6 )

___________

agenda, a sentiment echoed by several

Internet sleuths. (Demos and Ricciardi deny those claims.)

None of which means fans aren

t allowed to feel angry or sad or even determined to figh t for

change. Although the true-crim e genre may have started with chilly, removed storytelling, as in

Truman Capote

s In C old Blood, there

s a reason the ( 7 )

__________

of M urderer and S erial is

resonating right now. A growing number of people sense "th at the Ameri can judicial system has

serious problems," says David Schmid, an associate prof essor of English at the University o f Buffalo

who has written extensively about the cultural impact of true crime.

These shows give them a way

to work through th eir feelings about that." Errol Morris, director of the documentary The Thin Blue

Line, says true-crim e fans are drawn to "the belief that through investigation and (8 )

__________

we can come to a conclusion about the world. "

Still, true-crime characters are real people, and acting out against them on the basis of a set

of highly curated facts can be ill-advised if not harmful. According to Jay Wilds, a key figure in

S erials Season 1 case, the podcast

s fans have videotaped his house and posted his personal

inform ation on Reddit. And in the days following MurdereTs premiere, the Yelp page for Kratz

law firm was inundated with negative reviews, including a re-airing of embarrassing

(9 )

______

unrelated to his prosecution of Avery.

Dean Strang, one of Avery

s lawyers, has said this (1 0 )

___________

reminds him of what he

faced in 2005 when the public became convinced his client was guilty after watching local news

reports. Now th at Strang is being praised, however, he

s just as sceptical of the sentiment. "Both of

those experiences are artificial and distorting," he has said, because they represent only "what

going on in fevered social media " - not what actually happened, in the courtroom or in the case.

Use th e word given in capit als t o form a word th a t fits in the corresponding space.

Listen and check your answers.

VIETNAM

S C OMMUNIST PARTY: CHANGING OF THE GUARD - BUT THEN AGAIN, PERHAPS NOT

The country is in a hurry; its leaders less so

The sign above the door at Cong Caphe, a hip coffee shop in downtown Hanoi, the Vietnamese capital,

bears a bright-red communist star. Inside, the brick walls are covered in (1 )

__________

(MEMO) from the era of

th e Vietnam war: rusty canteens, an old transistor radio and snapshots of Viet Cong soldiers trudgin g off to fig ht

th e Americans. Yet the aesthetic is not so much patriotic as a cheeky ( 2 )

___________

(SEND) of communist

ideology. The 20- and 30-something Vietnamese who drink here, spending the fruits of an increasingly capitalist

economy, feel far removed from the hardships suffered by th eir parents and grandparents, while they applaud

ever-closer ties with America.

With its scooter-driving young and an economy growing at nearly 7% a year, Vietnam seems like a country

in a hurry. In many ways, the ruling Communist Party is trying to keep up. Not far from th e coffee shop, windows

th e size of a cathedral

s illuminat e the new building housing the National Assembly, Vietnam

s parliament.

Sunbeams pour from skylights into th e marble foyer. In a one-party state where symbols matter, the building

airiness suggests th at the rulers are trying to project an image of modernity and transparency. Yet as Nguyen Vu

Nam, a manager at Cong Caphe, points out, young Vietnamese do not pay much heed to who runs the party.

Personnel changes among a generally grey and faceless collective leadership have never seemed to matter much.

Thi s month party (3 )___________(WIG) will make a fresh bid for relevance. On January 20th the y convene for a

five-ye arly congress, the highlight of Vietnam

s political calendar. More than half of the 16-member Politburo, the

party

s ruling council, are me ant to reti re, to be replaced by younger officials. The country

s three most senior jobs

- of state president, prime minister and party general secretary - are all up for grabs. That so much remains

mysterious so close to the event suggests that this year

s negotiations are unusually tense.

The man to watch is Nguyen Tan Dung, Vietnam

s prim e minister for ten years and probably i ts shrewdest

and least (4 )

__________

(CHARISMA) politician. At 66, Mr Dung is past the party

s usual retirem ent age. But he is

said to wa nt to remain in high office by taking the role of party secretary, while perhaps relinquishing his current

office to an ally. Mr Dung would doubtl ess (5 )

__________

(VIG OUR) a job which has lately begun to look dusty.

He may wish to carve out an a uthority th at begins to approach the dominance enjoyed by Xi Jinping in China. But

such a move would be unusual. It would rattle a political system which, until now, has discouraged domineering

personalities and has valued consensus. Mr Dung

s backers say th at Vietnam

s present challenges call for strong

and consist ent leadership. The economy is much mended after bad debts from cosseted state enterprises

thre atened the banking system. The country stands to gain from a sheaf of trade agreements negotiated in 2015,

including the American-led (6)

___________

(PEACE) Partnership (ATP). Yet progress towards many essential

reforms, including the privatisation o f state firms, has been slow. The economy is overdependent on commodities,

especially coffe e and rice, as well as on foreign investors. It will be essential to broaden and deepen Vietnam

economy before its biggest present advantage, a young and cheap workforce, is spent.

As for politics, managing the country

s tricky relations with China is the biggest challenge. Vietnam is

economically dependent on its northern neighbour, with which it has a big and growing trade deficit. At the same

tim e, China

s assertive claims to islands and (7 )

___________

(WATER) resources in contested parts of the South

China Sea have outraged even moderate Vietnamese. Those born since the country ditched its planned economy

in the 1980s are growing more (8 )

___________

(SPEAK), for example on social media. Vietnam cannot afford to

have bad relations with China, but at the same tim e its leaders must be seen to be defending Vietnamese territory.

Most intellectuals paying atte ntion to the party congress would like to see Mr Dung retain some authority,

since he has been the strongest voice against Chinese bullying. He is also the clear choice among local and foreign

business folk, though for diff erent reasons. They see Mr Dung as behind th e flurry of trade deals and recent ef forts

to lift caps on foreign ownership. They say he i s unusually knowledgeable about industry, well-advised by

Western-educated staff and knows what investors want to hear.

Yet whiffs of cronyism t aint the prime minister as much as they do other comrades. His son

s political career

has seen suspiciously swift advancement, while a flashy Vietnamese-American son-in-law owns the country

McDonald

s franchise. Scandals have sprouted at state enterprises that Mr Dung had championed. Nor do civil

libertarians think that he is more inclined than other leaders to unshackle the censored press or end the thuggish

tre atme nt of dissidents. As the party congress approaches, its outcome appears ever less certain. Mr Dung was

once thought a(n) (9 )

___________

(SHOO) for party leader. Yet a loose-knit faction opposed to him may even

manage to oust him entirely from th e leadership.

The fighting springs partly from competing networks of patronage, and partly from modest ideological

differences between conservatives and the prime minister

s relatively reformist pals. Some officials worry that

Vietnam

s growing chumminess with America will only make China more (1 0)

__________

(FRONT). A handful of

them even seem to fret th at Mr Dung

s liberalising instincts could end up thre at ening the party

s hold on power.

But that would be conjecture. For all the light streaming into the new parliament building, Vietnam

s Communist

Party remains a dark sack full of ferrets.

The Economist

O fficial Test 2

Grade 11 Olympic Contest

r w Use th e word given in capitals at th e end of each sentence to form a word th a t fits in the corresponding

Su b space.

1 I

m afraid that the hospital is desperat ely

___________

at the moment. (STAFF)

2 Private school feared losing it s

__________

with the state

s university system. (CREDIT)

3 He gave me a g o o d

___________

for forge tting the me eting, (TELL)

4 I t hin k my last st ate m ent

___________

the situation pretty well - at least, I can

t t hink of any b e tter summary.

(CAPSULE)

5 When the lab findings and the results w e re ___________, an amazing discovery came to light. (RELATE)

6 The small country is faced w ith

__________

debt. (MO UNT)

7 Zimbabwe is a

__________

country; so much of its trade depends on having access to ports in Mozambique.

(LAND)

8 The two pairs of twins make a ple asant

___________

during the game of golf. (FOUR)

9 Y ou

ll never talk him into going swimming because he suffers f ro m ___________. (PHOBIC)

10 She bought som e

___________

coffee as she cannot stand caffeine. (CAFFEINE)

Choose the suitable word from the box and supply its correct form th a t fits in each space.

ENTER CONSTRUCT TEXT

CONDUCE DIALECT

UNIVERSE

WHOLE

STRUCTURE

SYNTHESIS FORMALITY

The arguments around reading pooled into two different classroom methodologies:

( 1 )

___________

and behaviourism. The constructivist methodology grew from a (2 )

___________

conception of

knowledge creation that understood reading and writing to be innate, humanistic, and int erpret ative practices

th a t suffered when they were spliced and (3 )

___________

within rigid doctrines, strict rules, and universal skill-

sets. C onstructivists associate words with meanings; each word might be thoug h t of as a Chinese ideogram.

Students are encouraged to learn individual words and skip over and guess words they do not understand, or

learn t o interpret those words by situating them within the lexical (4 )

__________

of the sentence and the story

wider narrative. These practices materialise as learning processes centred on guided group reading and

independent reading of high-quality, culturally diverse literature or textual composition that emphasises pupils

conveying their own thoughts and f eelings for real purposes such as letters for pen pals or journal (5)

___________

Behaviourism sees the pedagogical process in a less (6 )

__________

fashion - words are initially ta ught not

lexically, as vehicles to convey meaning, but rather sub-lexically, as a combination of fe atures that can be

separated and learned in a schematic process. The behaviourist approach does not focus on words at all in the

early stages of learning. Rather, it is centred on a (7 )___________appl icable m ethod of te aching students to

isolate graphemes and phonemes with the int ention that students will eventually learn to (8 )

___________

these

individual parts and make sense of spoken words ( 9 )___________. In this way, individual components are not

equated with the strokes of a brush on a Chinese ideogram, but rather as the focal pieces of int erpretation - as in,

for example, learning to read musical notations or Morse Code. Because of its emphasis on universal rules,

behaviourism is much more (1 0 )

___________

to formal examination and th e consolidation of results across

regions and countries. The ability to master language is considered to rest in the acquisition of a set of skills th at

exist indepe ndently of individuals. Classroom learning is, therefore, based upon th e transmission of knowledge

from tutor to student, rather than seen as an internalised process th at erupts within the students themselves.

1 short-staffed

2 accreditation

3 t elling-off

4 encapsulates

5 correlated

Key

Official Test 2

6 insurmountable

7 landlocked

8 foursome

g aquaphobia/

hydrophobia

10 decaffeinated

1 constructivism

2 holistic

3 formalised

4 infrastructure

5 entries

6 dialectical

7 universally

8 synthesise

9 textually

conducive

W ord F orm a tion Resource 4

! (d e )c a ff e in a t e d , c a ff e in e -fre e , d e c a f f e in a tio n , ov e r-c a ff e in a t e d

  A

I—

  I

WKmm

[

I« w |#

 

cafe , ca fé, c a f eteria , c a f e li e re , c yb erc af e , p ou ss e -c a f e; c off e e(-t a b le ),

 coff e e -h o u s e , coffee- (wo)man, coffee-room, coffee-tree, c o f f e e -colo ure d

I (a)c a psular, c a psulise, (d e)c a psulat e , ca p sulitis, capsulotomy, d e c a p sula tion,

; e n c a p sula t e , e n c a p s u l a tion , m icro c a p sul e , m icro e n c a psula t e ,

\ m icro e nc a p s u l a tio n , ovicapsule, su b c a psular, tricapsular, unicapsular

_____________

I a c c r e d it a t i o n ), a c cre dit a t e (d), a ccre d itor, concrede, concredit, cre d e nce ,

I cre d e nciv e(n e ss), cre d e n cy, cre d e n d a , cre d e nds, cr e d e n d u m , cre d e nt(ly),

cre d e n tia l(l e d), cre d e n ti a lis m , cre d ibilis e , cr e d ib ilisin g , (i n)cre d ib ilit y ,

; (in)cre dib l e , cre dible n e ss, cre dit a b ility , cre dita ble(n e ss), cre dit-c a rd , cre dit e e ,

I cre d it iv e , cre ditle ss , c re ditor, cre ditre ss, creditrice, cre ditri x , cre dits, cre dit-sq u e e z e ,

cre dit w o rt h y , cre d u le nc e , cre d u l e n t , cre d u list, (in)cre d u lit y , (in)cre dulo us(n e ss),

I discre d e n c e , d iscre d ible , d iscre dit(or), d i s c re dit a b ility, dis cre dit a b l e ,

d is cre d it a tio n , encredit, in/uncreditable, m icro cre d it, miscredence, miscredent, m iscre dit(e d),|



m is cre d itin g , n o n -c re d ib ility , ov e r-cre d ulo u s , pre -cre dit , re cre d e nce ,

I re cre d e nti a l, stre et-cre dibl e , unaccreditated, u n a ccre d it e d , u n c re d it e d ,

w e ll- a c cre d it e d

m iscre a nce , miscre a nc y, m is cre ant(ly), m is cre antic , recre a nc e , re cre a ncy,

I re cre a nt(ly)

___________________________________________________

_________

c a rre four, fl a t-flo u r, f o ur-b a g g e r, f o ur-b a ll, fo u r-b y -fo ur, fo u r-c olor, four-cornered,

I fo u r-d im e n s io n a l, f o u r-d o o r, f o ur-e n g in e d, four-e y e d , f o u r eyes, four-foot(ed/er),

fo ur-f o u r, fo ur-f lush(er), fo u rf o ld , four-h a nd e d , four-herned, f o u r-in-h a n d , f o ur-le af,

four-l e a v e d , fo u r-l e gg e d , fo ur-l e t t e r, fourling, fo ur-o a re d , four-o

clo c k , f o u rp e nn y ,

fo u r-ply, fo ur-p o s t e r, f o urs, f o ur-s e ater, f o urscore , fo urs o m e , four-sq u a re ,

four-st a r, fo u r-stro k e , f o urt h (ly), f o urth-cla s s , f o u rt h -ra t e , f o ur-w h e e l(-driv e ),

o n e -tw o-t h r e e -f o u r, pl u s-f o ure d , t w o-(b y -)fo ur

__________________________________

m - t* _ 3 -St M

I a cre -l a nd, a dla n d , a ir-la n d , aland(ward), a lm sla n d , a u tol a n d(in g ), b a ckland(s),

b a dla n d s, bil a n d e r, b o g l a n d , bond-land, b o o kl a n d, bord e rla nd(s), b o tt o m l a n d ,

byland, charter-land, c hild-l a n d , (cloud-)cuckoo-land, clou d l a n d , clu b l a n d , c o a stla nd,

cola nd e r, Copland, corn-land, cotland(er), cra sh-l a nd , cro p l a n d , cross-land, demi-island, disland,

d o c kla n d , d o w n l a n d , dre a m l a n d , drof-land, dryla n d(s), e a rthla n d , e a stl a n d ,

e urol a n d , f a iryla n d , farland, f a rm l a n d , fastland, fatherland(less), fay-land, f e nland(s),

I fittyland, fl a t l a n d , folkland, forebyland, forc e -l a n d , fore l a n d , fost er-land, fro g l a nd ,

g a n gl a n d , grassl a nd, h a lf-isla nd, h e a dla n d , h e a rtl a n d , h e a thl a n d , hempland,

hideland, hig h l a n d(e r), h ig h l a n d m a n , hinderland, h in t e rl a n d , h o m e l a n d , husbandland,

ic e-isla n d, inla n d(e r), isl a n d(er), isla n d-h o p , lackland, lake-land, la n d b a nkin g , land-boc,

la n d-bre e z e , land-carriage, land-cheap, l a nd-cra b, land-damn, landdrost, land-defence, land-end,

la n d f a ll, l a n d f ill, land-flood, landfolk, land-force, la n d form , land-gate, land-gavel,

l a n d-gra b(b e r), l a n d-gra b bing , landgravate, la n d gra v e , landgraviate, landgravine,

l a n d h o ld e r, l a n d h o ld in g , l a nd in g -n e t , landing-place, land-junker, l a n d l a d y , l a n d-l a w ,

land-leaper, landless(ne ss), l a n dlin e , la n dlo c k e d , land-lo(u)per, land-loping, l a n d lord(ism ),

landlordry, landlordship, l a n d l u b b er, la n d m a n , la ndm a rk, land-marshal, land-measure(r),

land-mere, land-meter, land-mester, la n d m i n e , landocracy, landolphia, la n d-o ffic e ,

l a n d o w n e r(ship ), l a n d o w n in g , l a n d p l a n e , la ndrace , l a n dra il, land-rat, land-right,

la ndsca p e (r), la ndsc a pin g , la n d sca pist , land-service, land-ship, la n d sid e , la n d s kn e c h t,

la n d slid e , la n d s lip, l a n d s(w o)m a n , land-spring, landstorm, landsturm, land-surveying, land-tag,

la nd-ta x, la n d tie , la n d w a rd(s), la n d-w a sh, land-water, land-way, landwehr, land-wind,

land-wrack, land-wreck, l ay-land, lea-land, linksi a n d , lotusla n d , low l a n d(e r), m ain l a nd(e r),

m a rch l a nd(s), m ark l a nd, m arshla nd(s), m e a d o w l a n d , middle-land, m idl a n d(e r),

mill-land, moll-land, m oorl a n d , m o t e l-l a nd , m o t h e rl a n d , m o vie la n d , m o u n t a in-l a n d ,

m u d -la n d , neckland, new-land, n e w sp a p e rla n d , n o-m a n

s-la n d , n o rth l a n d(e r),

off-is la nd(e r), ope-land, oun c e l a n d , o u t l a nd(e r), outla n d ish(n e ss), overl a nd(er),

ox-l and, p a rkl a n d , p a sture l a n d , p e a tla n d(it e ), p e n n y l a n d , p h ila n d e r(er),

___________

! r e l a t i v i z a t i o n , r e l a t o r, r e l a trix , r e l a t u m , re -re l a t e , s tre s s -r e l a t e d , t i m e -r e l a t e d ,

u n c o rr e l a t e d , u n r e l a t a b i e , u n r e l a t e d (n e s s ), u n r e l a t i n g , u n r e l a t i o n a l ,

u n re l a t i v e (iy )

67 STAFF

acre-staff, back-staff, bedstaff, b o o k s t a f f , bowstaff, broomstaff, candle-staff, c l e y (k )-s t a f f ,

coul-st aff, cowl-staff, cross-staff, d is t a f f , drag-staff, enstaff, f l a g s t a f f , fore-staff, h a lf- s t a f f ,

h a rt d s t a f f , j a c k s t a f f , lope-staff, o v e rs t a f f e d , o v e rs t a f f in g , p a c k s t a ff , pad(dle) staff,

pickstaff, p ik e s t a ff , poutst aff, p ri m s t a f f , q u a rt e rs t a f f , rack-staff, ro c k -s t a f f , ru l e -s t a f f ,

u n e -S t a ff , s h o rt -s t a f f e d , slot-staff, spear-staff, spittl e-staff, s t a f f e r, staffian, st aff-full, staffless,

s t a f f r o o m , staff-sling, staff-sword, t i p s t a f f , u n d e r s t a f f ( e d /i n g ), u n s t a f f e d , w a i t s t a f f ,

wring-staff

 ;;

68 TELL

as-told-to, co-teller, countertell, d r e a m - t e l l e r , f o re te ll(a ble ), forthtell, f o r t u n e -t e ll e r,

f o r t u n e - t e l l i n g , m i s t e ll, n o -t e l l , n o w -i t - c a n - b e - t o l d , out-t ell, o v e rt e il , re t e ll( e r),

s h o w - a n d -t e l l , s t o ry t e l l e r, s t o r y t e l l i n g , t a l e t e ll e r , t e ll a b l e , t e ll- a ll , t e ll e r(s hi p),

t e l li n g -o f f , tell-love, t e l l -t a l e , t e ll-truth, t wice-told, underteller, u n f o r e t o l d , untenable, u n t o ld ,

w e l l - t o l d 1

Word Formation Practice 4A

Word Formation Resource 4 1 Sublist 1

Use th e word given in capitals at th e end of each sentence to form a word th a t fits in the

corresponding space.

1 Being

___________

is something that most Americans can readily identify with. As a nation,

Americans ingest an average of roughly 3 cups of coffee or tea per day. Heck, many

companies even supply the stuff for free. (CAFFEINE)

2 Hypo-allergenic moisturiser is time-released via t in y

__________

in the hosiery fibre, which

consumers said was comfortable and made legs softer. (CAPSULE)

3 In our understandable anger at the disgraceful and sickening behaviour of a small number of

__________

, we must not abandon norms of fairness and justice. (CREDIT)

4 They are a huge part of the live show, the sound of wood on wood in a rapturous

___________

rhythm ringing out over the harmonious mayhem with such primal authority.

(FOUR)

5 Most of the swimmers seemed to be locals for whom the site was part of thei r fami liar

landscape, n o t

___________

like us paying homage to the pond. (LAND)

6 The court held th at his action w as___________to bidding on behalf of the vendor and he

classified this as an unlawful act. (MOUNT)

7 Many European humanists have a prejudice against technology, not unli ke our colleagues

who are proudly

___________

and continue to use a quilled pen. (PHOBIA)

8 The data from independent firms over different tim e periods were combined in a cross-

sectional analysis, and would not be expected to e xhibit___________commonly associated

with time series data. (RELATE)

9 It is understood th a t

__________

and excessive wage costs have been a major factor for the

group, which has shed about 400 jobs in the last two years in an effort to become more

competitive. (STAFF)

10 The late Nobel laureate Ilya Prigogine has demonstrated that creativity in nature leads,

through infinite bifurcations or decision points, to a(n)

___________

plurality of possibilities,

not a predestined fate for man or molecule. (TELL)

Choose a suitable derivative from the

Word Formation Resource 41 Sublist 1

each of the follow ing sentences.

to complete

1 Grossly, the spleen was mostly

__________

, and microscopic examination showed a

pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

2 Its typical ocular manifestations are recognised by a variety of clinical features including pain,

gritty eyes,

__________

, chemosis, diplopia, and exophthalmos.

3 While the military and police stood guard outside some stores, hungry people who were

unable to find anything open began taking things they needed fro m

__________

businesses.

4 A n e w c u lt u r a l o p e nn e s s t o a d o p tio n , a m o v e t o w a rd e n v iro n m e n t a lis m in t h e h u m a n

sci e nc e s, a n d t h e re l a t i v e l y gre a t e r a v a il a b ilit y o f p u b lic social w e lf a r e s ervic e s re sult e d in

pro gre s siv e ly h ig h e r ra t e s o f

_____________

a d o p t io n s a rra n g e d b y a g e n c y pro f e s sio n a ls.

5 A ny w h it e w a s h in g on th e p a rt o f t h e c o m m itt e e , o r a n y a t t e m p t t o " l e t d o w n e a sy " a m a n

w h o has b e e n s o

_____________

t o a g re a t p u b lic tru s t , c a n n o t f a il t o h a v e a s e rio us e ff e c t u p o n

t h e f ort u n e s o f th e m e n re s p o n s ib l e f o r it, a n d u p o n a n y p o lit i c a l p a rt y t h a t m a y, t h ro u g h its

c o n tro l o f le g isl a tiv e a c tio n , u p h o l d th e m in suc h a cours e .

6 It is a t a l e o f s uff e rin g f ro m c o n tin u e d _____________, di s poss e s sio n, d isin h erit a n c e , a n d

d i s p l a c e m e n t c o u p l e d w i t h p o w erl e ssn e s s a n d t h e v irt u a l a b s e nc e o f an o rg a n is e d a nd

e ff e c t i v e m ilit a ry.

7 M ost p e o p l e w h o los e w e i g h t f ro m o n l y d i e tin g d e v e l o p

_______

sign s o f t his , b y h a v i n g

a lo t o f loo s e skin, as o p p o s e d t o t h e w e ll-t o n e d , f irm b o d y o f s o m e o n e w h o is e a tin g

c o rr e ctly a n d e x ercising.

8 R ig h t a n d l e f t

_____________

u n it s w e re in t e rc h a n g e a b l e , t h e e ntire u n it b e i n g d e si g n e d t o

a ffo rd t h e o p e ra t o r t h e g re a te s t a d v a n c e m a d e u p t o t h a t p o in t in m a i n t e n a n c e e c o n o m y

a n d in t e rc h a n g e a b ilit y .

9 S ci e ntists h a v e q u e s t io n e d w h e t h e r th e s u p e rio r p e rf o rm a n c e s e e n in c a f f e in e c o n d itio n s are

d u e t o a c t u a l e n h a n c e m e n t o r m e re l y re fl e ct p e rf orm a n c e b e in g im p a ire d in t h e _____________

c o n d itio n s .

10 T o d i s c o v e r s ig n ifi c a n t e l e m e n t s in a ny g iv e n s o c io c u lt u r a l syst e m o f b o d y l a n g u a g e , w e

n e ed t o s t art w i t h th e ph ysic a l a n d lo g ic a l p o s s ib ilitie s a n d im p o s s i b ilitie s o f th e h u m a n b o d y

i n

_____________

spac e.

Use t h e w ord g iv e n in c a pit a ls t o f o rm a w o rd t h a t fit s in th e c orre sp o n d in g space.

Liste n a n d ch e ck y o u r a nsw ers.

ST A R W A R S, DIS N E Y A N D M Y T H -M A KIN G

How one company came to m aster t h e business o f storyte lling

F rom a g a la xy f a r, f a r a w a y t o a cin e m a j u s t d o w n t h e ro a d: " T h e F orce A w a k e n s " , t h e n e w e s t

in s t a lm e n t o f th e Star W ars sag a , is ( 1 )

____________

(ES C AP E) t h is C hrist m as. T h e firs t Star W a rs t i t l e

sinc e Luc a sfilm , t h e o w n e r o f th e fra n c h is e , w a s a c q u ire d b y D is n e y in 2 0 1 2 f o r $4.1 b illio n , it

re pre s e nts m ore t h a n ju s t t h e re v iv a l o f a b e lo v e d s c i e n c e -fic tio n series. It is th e la t e s t e x a m p l e o f

t h e w a y D isn e y has pro s p e re d o v e r t h e p a s t d e c a d e fro m a series o f s h re w d a c q u i s iti o n s . H a vi n g

b o u g h t Pixar, M arv e l a n d L u c a sfilm , D is n e y has s k ilfu ll y c a p it a lis e d o n t h e ir in t e ll e c t u a l p ro p e rt y -

a n d in so d o in g , c e m e nt e d its p o s it i o n as t h e m a rk e t le a d e r in t h e in d u s tri a lis a t i o n o f m y t h o lo g y .

Its success rests on its m a st e ry o f t h e th re e e l e m e n t s o f m o d e rn m y t h -m a kin g : tro p e s , t e c h n o lo g y

a n d t oys.

S t a rt w i t h t h e tro p e s . D isn e y pro p e rtie s , w h i c h in c l u d e e v e ry t h in g fro m " T h o r" t o

T o y S tory ",

d ra w on (2) ____________ (W E A R) d e vic e s o f m y t h i c s tru c tu r e t o g iv e t h e ir storie s c u lt ura l

re son a n c e . W a lt D isn e y h im s e lf ha d a n in t u i t iv e gra s p o f th e p o w e r o f f a ble s. G e org e Lucas, th e

cre a to r o f S t ar W ars, is a n a v id s t u d e n t o f t h e w o rk o f J o s e p h C a m pb e ll, an A m e ric a n c o m p a ra t iv e

m y t h o l o g is t w h o o u t lin e d t h e " m o n o m y t h " s tru c t ure in w h ic h a h e ro a nsw e rs a c a ll, is a ssist e d by a

m e n t o r f ig u re , v o y a g e s t o a n o t h e r w orld , surviv e s v a ri o u s tria ls a n d e m e rg e s t ri u m p h a n t . B oth

film -m a k e rs m e rril y p lu n d e re d a n c i e n t m y t h o lo g y a n d f o l k lo r e . T h e M arv e l u niv e rs e g o e s e v e n

fu rth e r, d ir e c t l y a p p ro p ri a tin g ch u n k s o f G re c o-R o m a n a n d N ors e m y t h o lo g y . (T his m a k e s D is n e y

e n t h u s i a s m f o r fie rc e e n f o rc e m e n t o f in t e l l e c t u a l-p ro p e rt y law s, a nd th e s e e m in g l y p e rp e tu a l

e x t e n s io n o f c o p y ri g h t , s o m e w h a t iro n ic.)

T h e in t e rn a l m e ch a n ics o f m yt h s m a y n o t h a v e c h a n g e d m uch o v e r t h e ag es, b u t th e

t e c h n o l o g y used t o i m p a rt t h e m c e rt a in l y has. T h a t h ig h l i g h t s D isn e y

s s e con d are a o f e x p e rt is e . In

H o m er

s d a y, l e g e n d s w ere p a ssed o n in t h e f o rm o f d a c t y li c h e x a m e t e rs; m o d e rn m y t h-m a k e rs

pre f e r c o m p u t e r gra p h ics, sp e cia l e f f e cts, 3 D p ro j e c tio n , s u rro u n d s o u n d a n d i n t e rn e t v id e o

d i s tri b u t io n , a m o n g o th e r t h in g s . W h e n D is n e y b o u g h t L u c a sfilm i t d id n o t j u s t a cq u ire t h e S t ar

W ars fra n c h is e ; it also g a in e d In d u s tria l L i g h t & M a gic, o n e o f t h e b e st s p e c i a l-e ff e cts hous e s in t h e

busin e ss, w h o s e h i g h -t e c h w iz a rd ry is as v it a l t o M a rv e l

s A v e n g ers film s as it is t o t h e S t a r W ars

e pic s. A n d w h e n D isn e y w a s l e f t b e h in d by t h e s h if t t o d ig it a l a n i m a ti o n , it c a n n ily (3 )

____________

(VIT A L) its o w n f i lm -m a k in g bra n d b y b u y in g Pixar, a f irm as p i o n e e rin g in its fi e ld as W a lt D isn e y

h a d b e e n in h a n d -d ra w n a n i m a t i o n . M ore o v e r, m o d e rn m yth s c o m e in m u lt ip l e m e dia f o rm a ts.

T h e M arv e l a n d Star W ars f a n t a sy u n ivers e s are c h ro n ic l e d in ( 4 )

___________

(LO C K) film s , t e l e v is io n

serie s, b o o k s, g ra p h ic n o v e ls a n d v id e o g a m e s. M arv e l

s pla n s are m a p p e d o u t u n t il t h e m id-2 0 2 0 s .

B ut th e s e days m yth s are a lso e x p e ct e d t o t a k e physic a l f o rm as toys, m e rch a n dis e a nd

th e m e -p a rk ride s. This is t h e t h ird m yth-m a k in g in g r e d i e nt. A g a in , W a lt D isn e y l e d t h e w ay,

lic e nsing M ick e y M o us e a nd o t h e r c h a ra ct e rs st a rtin g in th e 1930s, a nd o p e nin g t h e orig in a l

D isn e yla n d p a rk in 1955. M r Lucas t o o k cin e m a-re l a t e d m erch a n dis e in t o a n e w dim e n sio n ,

a c c e p tin g a p a y c u t as d ir e cto r in re t u rn f o r a ll t h e m e rch a n d isin g rig h t s t o Star W ars - a d e al th a t

w as t o e arn h im b illions. T hos e rights n o w b e lo n g t o D isn e y, a nd it is m a ki n g t h e m o s t o f th e m :

sales o f

T h e F orce A w ak e ns " m erch a ndis e , fro m t o y s t o c lo t hin g , are e xp e c t e d t o be w ort h u p to

$5 b illi o n a lo n e in t h e c o m in g ye ar. In a ll, m ore th a n $32 b illio n -w orth o f Star W ars m erc h a n d is e

has b e e n sold since 1977, a c cord in g t o NP D G roup , a m ark e t-re s e a rch f irm . Even H arry P o tt e r a nd

Ja m es B ond are s cruffy-loo k in g (5 )

____________

(HE RD) b y co m p ariso n .

T h ose o t h e r fra nch is e s are re m in d e rs t h a t D isney

s a p pro a c h is n o t u niq u e . O t h e r studio s are

d o i n g th e ir b e st t o i m it a t e its a p pro a c h . B u t D is n e y has som e o f t h e m o s t v a lu a b l e pro p e rt i e s and

e x p lo its th e m t o t h e ir f u ll e s t p o t e n tia l. It is p art ic u l a rl y g o o d a t re fre shin g and re p a ck a gin g its

fra n chise s t o e n c o ura g e a d ults t o re vis it t h e ir c h ild h o o d f a v o u rit e s a n d, in t h e proc ess, t o

intro d u c e t h e m to t h e ir o w n c h ildre n . T his w a s o n e re a son w h y Pixar, w h o s e film s are kn o w n fo r

t h e ir (6 )

____________

(G E N E RATE) a pp e a l, w a s such a n a t ura l fit. N ow t h e n e x t g e n e ra t io n is b e in g

in tro d u c e d t o Star W ars by th e ir n o st a lgic p a re nts . A t th e sam e t im e , Disn e y has e x t e n d e d its

fra n chis e s b y a d d in g ( 7 )

____________

(B R A N D) t h a t a p p e a l to p a rt ic u l ar ag e gro u p s : c h il dre n

t e l e vis io n series spun o f f fro m Star W ars, f o r e x a m p l e , o r d a rker, m ore a d u lt t a le s fro m t h e M a rv el

univ ers e , such as t h e " D a re d e vil " a n d "Jessica Jon e s " series o n N etflix.

W h a t e x pla ins th e p o w e r o f a ll th is m o d ern-d a y m y t h o lo g y ? Th e re is m ore t o it th a n

(8 )

___________

(TYPE) s t o ry t e llin g , cl e v e r t e c h n o l o g y a n d p o w e rf u l m a rk e tin g . In p art, it m a y f ill a

v o i d l e f t b y t h e d e clin e o f re li g i o n in a m ore se cular w orl d . B ut it also pro vid e s a n e x pre ssion f o r

to d a y

s f e ars. T h e o rig in a l " S t a r W ars" f ilm , in w h ich a b a n d o f p lu c k y re b e ls d e f e a t a t e ch n o lo g ic a l

su p e rpo w er, w a s a n o n e -t o o -s u b t l e inv e rsion o f th e V i e tn a m w a r. T h e M a rv el u nivers e , o ri g in a lly a

p ro d u c t o f t h e c o ld-w a r era, has a d a p t e d w e ll on scre en t o a p o s t-9 /1 1 w o rld o f s urv e illa n c e and

th e ( 9 )

____________

(SPIRIT) o f go v e rn m e n t s , l a rge c orpora tio n s and t h e p o w e r o f t e c h n o lo g y . In

u n c e rt a in tim e s, w h e n g o v e rn m e n ts a n d m ilit a ry m ig h t se e m u n a bl e t o k e e p p e ople s afe o r st a y

hon e s t, a udi e nc e s t a k e c o m f o rt in t h e ide a o f sup e rh e ro e s w h o rid e t o th e rescue. M od e rn m y th s

also have t h e p o w e r t o u n ify p e o p l e across g e n e ra tio n s , social g ro u p s a n d cu lture s, cre a ti n g

fra m e w o rk s o f sh are d re f ere n c e s ev e n as o t h e r form s o f m e dia co n s u m p tio n b e c o m e e v er m ore

fra g m e n t e d .

U ltim a t e l y , h o w e v er, th e s e m o d e rn m y t h s are so c o m p e llin g b e c a u s e th e y t a p prim ord i a l

h u m a n urg e s - f o r re fug e , (1 0 )

___________

(RE D E EM) a n d h a rm o n y . In this re sp e ct t h e y are lik e

social m e d i a p l a tform s, w hic h use t e c h n o lo g y t o in d u stria lis e social in t e ra c tio n . S im ilarly , m od e rn

m y t h-m a kin g , re lia n t th o u g h it is o n n e w t o o l s a nd t e chniq u e s , is re a lly ju s t p u s h in g t h e sam e old

b u t t o n s in sto n e -a g e bra ins. T h a t is s o m e th in g t h a t W a lt D is n e y u n d ers t oo d i n s t in c tiv e ly - a nd

t h a t th e c o m p a n y h e f o u n d e d is n o w e xp lo itin g so pro fic i e n t ly .

W ord F orm a tion Resource 4

_______________

Sublist 2

69 C O N D U C E

conducibility, con d u civ e , c o n d u ct, c o n du ct a n c e , con d u c t!, c o n d u c tib ilit y ,

c o n d u c t ib l e , conductility, conductimetric, c o n d u c tio n , conductitious, c o n d u c tiv e ,

c o n d u c t iv ity , conduct-money, conductometer, conductor(ia l/y), c o n d u ctorsh ip ,

conductre s s , c o n d u ct u s, conduit (-pipe), disconduce, d isc o n d u civ e , inconducive,

m a l c o n d u c t , m is c o n d u c t, m o v in g -c o n d u c tor, non-conductibil ity, n o n -c o n d u c tin g ,

n o n -c o n d u c tio n , n o n -c o n d u c tiv e , n o n -c o n d u c t o r, p h o t o c o n d u ct a n c e ,

p h o t o c o n d u c tin g , p h o t o c o n d u c tio n , p h o t o c o n d u c tiv e , p h o t o c o n d u c tiv ity ,

p h o t o c o n d u c t o r, pi a no-co n d u c t o r, re c o n d u ct(io n), s a f e -cond u ct , salvoconducto,

s e m i c o n d u c tin g , s e m ico n d u ctor, su b-co n d u ctor, sup e rc o n d u ct,

s U D e rco n d uctln a . s u o erco n d u ctlo n . s u o e rc o n d u ctiv e . su o e rc om

70 ENTER

71 F O RM

d o u b l e -e n try , e n tra n c e (m e n t), e ntra n c e w a y , e riira n c in g l y , e n t r a n t , e n tris m ,

e ntryis m , e ntry ist, e n try-le v e l, e n try p h o n e , e ntryw a y, fore-entry, m i s e nter,

m is e ntry, n o n-e n try, o v e r-e n try , p a y-a s-y o u-e n t er, p o s t-e n try, p re -e n try ,

re e n t e rin g ), re-e n t e ra b l e , re-e n tra n c e , re -e ntra n cy, re -e n tra nt, re -e n try,

slngle-entry,tmder-enter, unenterabie, unentered, oneotering, well-entered

___________

a c e t a b u lifo m y a c ic u lifo rm , a ciform , a cin a cifo rm , acinetiforrn, a c inif orm ,

a c n e form , a c n e iform , a c tin if q r/rv a cu l e i f o rm , a d e n jfprm , adipoceriform, ,I(

a eriform(ed), afform, a f f o rm a tiv e , agariciform, a g a te -f o rm i n g , agatiform, aliform ,

a lp h a b e t iform , aluminiform, a lv e ol a rif o rm , a lv e o liform , ambiform, ambulacriform,

amentiform, amiant(h)iform, amoebiform, amphipodiform, ampullifoim, anguiform, a n g u illifo rm ,

anopluriform, antenniform, anthraciform, apoplectiform, aquiform, arboriform, ardform, asbestiform,

aspergill iform, auriform, aveniform, axiform, axiniform, bacdform, b a cilliform ,

b a c k-f o rm a tio n , basaltiform, bifop(ed), biformity, bio fo rm , b io in f o rm a tici a n,

b io in f orm a t ic is t , bio inform atic s(s), bipenniform, b i o tra n s f o rm a tio n , boniform,

botriform, botullform, boviform, bracteif orm, branchiform/bulbiform, bursiform, b y-form ,

taedform, calamiform, cal athiform, calcariform, calceiform, calciform, calculiform, talidform,

calyciform, calyptrif orm, cambiform, campani(li)form, campodeif orm, canaliform, cancriform,

caniniform, capilliform, c a pit u lif o rm , capriform, cardiform, cartilaginiform, c a s eiform ,

cassidiform, caudiform, cauliform, c e llif o rm , celtiform, cerebriform, c h a n criform ,

c h a ra c t e r-f o rm in g , cheliform, c h e m in f o rm a t ic s , chiglognathiform, ch loroform (ic),

chloroformist, chloroformisation, chloroformyl(e), choleriform, dconniform, cili{i)form, drriform,

cla viform(in), dypeiform(ous), cochleariform, cochleiform, codbrmulator, co(l)iif orm ,

colubriform, columelliform, columniform, conchiform, conform(ing), c o n form a b ilit y ,

conform a blene ss), conform al(ist), c o nform a n c e , conformant, conformate,

co n f o rm a ti o n(a l), conformator, c o n f o rm e r, c o n f o rm ism , c o n form ist, tonformitan(t),

c o n form ity , c o n if o rm , coraciiform, coralliform, c ord if o rm , corniform, corolliform,

coroniform, corticiform, corymbiform, coryneform, coryniform, cosb

form, cotyliform,

C ount e r-R e f o rm a tio n , crateriform, crescentiform, crib rif orm , cro s s-p l a tform ,

crotaliform, crucif orm , cryst a llifo rm , c u b ifo rm , c cu(l)iform, cucumiform, culiciform,

c u ltrif o rm , c u m u lif o rm , c u n e if orm , cupuli form, cyathfform, cycadiform, cylindriform,

cymbiform, deform(ed{ly/ness)), d e f orm a b l e , deformate, d e f o rm a tio n(a l), deformative,

deformeter, deformidable, d e form (e d ), d e f o rm a t i o n , d e f o rm it y , d elformfed/ity),

d e n d riform , dentiform(ed), difform(ed/ity/nes$), d i g it a lif o rm , d isciform ,

dis c o nform (e d ), d is c o n form a b l e , disconformity,disform(ate/ed/ity),

d isin f o rm a t io n , disuniform(ity), diversiform, dolabriform, draconiform, drusiform, dysenteriform,

echinuliform, efform(ative/er), e ly trif o rm , e nsiform , epileptiform, equaliform, equiform(al/ity),

equisetiform, eruciform, etheriform, extractiform, fabiform, f a lcif o rm , faviform, feliform,

fenestriform, fibri(Hi)form, ficiform, f ift h -fo rm e r, filariform, filiciform, filif orm , filmiform,

fissuriform, fistuliform, flabelliform, flagelliform, floriform, flu o ro fo rm , foliiform, f orm a ,

f o rm a b ilit y , f orm a b l e , f orm a l, form a lis e , fo rm a lis m , form a lis t(ic), f orm a lit y ,

form a l w e a r, form a nt , fo rm a t , f o rm a tio n(a l), form a t i v e , f orm e (d), form er(ly),

f o rm -f it t i n g , formle ss(n e ss), form-speckle, f o rm ul a , fo rm u l a b l e , f orm ula ic(a lly),

form u l a ris e , formu1ar(ism/istic), form ula ry , formulatable, f o rm u l a t e , form ula tor(y),

formule, formulism, formuli st(ic), f o rm w o rk , forniciform, fossiform, fre e-f orm , frondiform,

frurtiform, fundiform, fu n g ifo rm , funi (li)form, f u sif o rm , galliform, gangliform, g a siform ,

gelatiniform, g e n d e r-n o n c o n f o rm in g , g e n e r a tiv e -tra nsform a t io n a l, genuform,

g e oinfo rm a t i o n , g e o m e trif o rm , ginglyform, glandiform, glanduliform, gliriform,

globuliform, gobiiform, graminiform, grani(ti)form, granuliform, grenatiform, gruiform, guttiform,

gutturniform, h a b it-f o rm in g , h a lo form , hamiform,barengiform, hastiform, hederiform,

heliciform, herpetiform, hippocrepiform, hominiform, humaniform(lan), h y d a tid iform , hydriform,

hydroformate, hydroformer, hydroforming, hyperboliform, hypocrateriform, hysteriform, igniform,

ill-in f o rm e d , incisiform, inconform(able/ist/i ty), indeformabl e, indusiform, inform (a l),

inform a ble , in f o rm a lis e , in f o rm a lit y , in form a n c e , In f o rm a nt , informate,

in form a t ics(s), In form a tic a l, In f o rm a tici a n , jn form a tio n (a l), inform a tio n l e s s ,

In f o rm a t i o n -p o o r, in f orm a t i o n -ri c h , in f o rm a tis a t io n , inform ativ e (n e s s),

inform a tor(y), in form a v or e , in f o rm e d(ly), in form e d n e s s , in f orm er(sh ip),

inf o(r)m erc i a l, in f o rm in g l y , in fo rm ity , inform o so m e , info rm o u s, inform ula b l e ,

infundibuliform, infusoriform, i nreformed, insediform, intcstiniform, intransformable, involucriform,

io d o form /d rre forrro

b l e , irreformed, junciform, ka 1 i fo r m, jab y ri n thlfo rm, - a ce rt i fo r m,

lachrymiform, laciniform, lactiform, lageniform, l a m e llif o rm , lanciform, la n d form , laniariform,

iardiform, legiformal, leguminiform, lemuriform, l e ntif o rm , ieporiform, l e t t e rf o rm , libriform,

licheniform, li liform, limacifnrm, lindiform, lin g u if o rm , Itquiform, lituiform, lotiform, luaform,

lumbriciform, luniform, lupiform, lyriform, madreporiform, malconformation,.malformation,

m a lf orm e d, m a Jiform , m a ll e iform , m a m m if o rm , m ammiH (ar)iform , mandibuliform,

maniform, m a rgin e lf iform , m a rg i n if o rm , massiform, maxilliform, meandrif orm,

m e d u s iform , melliform, meloniform, membraniform, mentiform, mesenteriform, m e soform ,

m e t a -in f o rm a t i o n , metalliform, m icro form , milioliform, milliform, m is form (e d),

m is f o rm a t io n , m isin form ( a n t), m is i n f orm a t io n , m isinform a tiv e , misinformatory,

m i s in f orm e r, m itrif o rm , mixtif orm, m o d io liform , m o l a rif orm , monadiform,

m o n ilif o rm , montiform, m o rb illiform , m o riform , morilliform, m uciform ,

m u c ro n iform , m u ltif o rm (ity), m u l t ifo rm ly , multiformness, multiformous,

m u lt ip l a t fo rm , m u m m if o rm , m uricif o rm , m uriform , m usc a rif orm , m us ciform ,

m yctophif orm ,m yrtiform , m y t h -in f orm a tio n , m y t ili f o rm , n a piform , nariform,

n a siform , natiform, n a u p liif o rm , nautiliform, n a v iform , n e t w ork -f o rm in g ,

n e w -form e d , n itro fo rm , non-co n f orm (a nc e ), n o n-conform a b l e ,

n o n -c o n fo rm a nt, n o n-c o n f o rm e r, no n c o n f o rm is m , n o n c o n form ist,

nonconformitan(t), nonconformitancy, n o n c o n f o rm it y , n o n-f orm a l, n o n -in f orm a tio n ,

n o n-u n if o rm (ly), n o n -u n ifo rm it y , nubiform, n u c ifo rm , n u c l e iform , nulliform,

n u m m if o rm , n y s t a g m iform , obcordiform, o b p y riform , oculiform, o livif o rm ,

o m e g a -form , o m n ifo rm , omniformal, omniformist, omniformity, o n -f o rm , o nis c iform ,

o p in i o n -f o rm e r, ora l form ula ic, o ssiform , o s t e o l e p if orm , o s tre if o rm , otidiform,

o v a lif o rm , o v e r-in f o rm (e d), o v ifo rm , o w n-f o rm , palatiform, paleaeform,

p a ir-form a tio n , p a lif o rm , p a l m if o rm , p a lp iform , p a m p in iform , p a nd u rifo rm ,

p a n n ifo rm , p a p ill a e f orm , p a pillif o rm , p a p p iform , paraboliform,

p a ra c o nform a b l e , p a ra co n f o rm it y , p a ra form , pariformal,pariformity, p a ss eriform ,

p a t e llif o rm , p a t e rif orm , p e c tinif orm , p e d if o rm , p e l e c a n iform , p e lic a n if o rm ,

p e ltif orm , p e l v iform , p e n icillifo rm , p e n -form , p e n iform , p e n n if orm ,

p e rcif o rm , peridiiform, p e t a liform , p h a l a n g iform , phociform, p h y llif orm , physiform,

phytiform, piciform , pileiform, p ilifo rm , p i n if orm , pinnadiform, pin n ifo rm , p iriform (i s),

pis c iform , p isiform , pis ti(l)liform , plscentiform, pla n f o rm , p l a n if o rm ,

p l a n orb ifo rm , p l a n u liform , plataleiform, platessiform, p la tform (e d/s), p l a t f orm a t e ,

p l a t f o rm e r, p l a tf orm in g , p l a t f orm is t , p l e sia d a pif orm , p l e x iform , plic iform ,

plinthiform, plum iform(ar), plumuliform, pluteiform, pluvialiform, p o c illifo rm , p o c u liform ,

p o d e t iifo rm , p o d iform , polynemiform, p o ly p ifo rm , p o m if o rm , p o rif o rm ,

p o s t-form (e d ), p o s tfo rm in g , prasiform, pre c o n f orm (it y), pre form (a n t),

pre f o rm a tio n(is t), p r e form a t io n is m , pre form a tiv e , pre f o rm er, pre f orm is m ,

pre f o rm i s t , pre -in form , pre -re f o rm a tory , p ro b o s cid iform , prob o s c ifo rm ,

pro-f o rm , p ro t e iform , p ro to f orm , p ru n if o rm , p sori a siform , pugioniform,

pullastriform, p u lvin ifo rm , pumiciform, p u n c tif orm , p u p ifo rm , p u rif o rm , purpuriform,

p u s t u lif o rm , p u trif orm , pyralidiform, p yrifo rm (e d ), p yrifo rm is, pythoniform,

q u a d rifo rm , ra c e m iform , rachiform, ra d i a tif o rm , ra dic iform , ra jif orm , ra m iform ,

ra n iform , re-efformation, re -f orm (a t io n), re f orm (e r), R e form-N eutral,

re form a bi I ity, re f orm a ble , re f orm a d o , reformalist, re f orm at(e ), re f o rm a tion(a l),

re f o rm a t io n a ry , re f o rm a tio n ist, r e form a tis t , re f orm a tiv e , re form a tor(y),

re form er(e ss), re f o rm in g ly, re f orm ism , re f orm is t , re f o rm ity , re form ula t e ,

re in form , r e m iform , re nif orm , reptiliform, re-re f orm (e d), re -re f o rm a ti o n ,

re s inif orm , re s tif o rm , retiform(ous), re tra n s form (a t io n), rh a b d iform ,

rh a b d itif o rm , rh o m b if o rm , rim iform , ro c k-f orm in g , ro ll-f orm (e d), ro ll-f o rm in g ,

ros e o lif o rm , ro st e lliform , rostriform, ro t a lif o rm , ro tif orm , ru b e llif o rm , ru b riform ,

ru i n if o rm , runiform ,rusiform, sacciform, sagittiform, salamandrifomn, saliniform, salmoniform,

salverform, samariform, sandaliform, s c a lariform , scapelliform, scalpriform, scapiform,

sc a rla tin ifo rm , schizophreniform, scobiform, scoleciform, scolopendriform, scopeliform, scopiform,

scoriform, scotiform, scutelliform, scuti form, s e c uriform , selliform, semi-form(ed), s e m if orm a l,

seminiform, septiform, s e rp e n t iform , serratiform, serriform, setiform, siliquiform, siphoniform,

sipuncuiiform, sireniform, six t h-fo rm , six t h -form er, solidiform, soliform, spathiform,

spatuliform,iphaeriaform, spheriform, spimform, jpiraculiform, spiriform, s p o n g if o rm , spurn iform,

72 LE XIC O N

73 STRUCTURE

squamiform, squamuliform, stalacti(ti)form, stapediform, steariform, st e lliform , stemmatiform,

stemiform, stigmatiform, stiliiform, stipe(ti)form, stipuliform, s tra tif orm , striaeform, stfjglli form, ,

strobi liform, Stromatiform/Strombiform, strombuHforai, strumiform, styliform, sub c h e liform ,

suberiform, su b f o rm (a t io n ), su p er-c o n f o rm it y , s u b o p e rc u liform , s u b u lif orm ,

sudiform, sulciform, t a b l e -f orm e d, tabuliform, tariff-reform, tauriform, tectiform, telescopiform, :

terraciform, t e rra f o rm (er), tetaniform, T -form a t io n , thalliform, theiform, t h e rm o f o rm e r,

t h e rm o f o rm i n g , th o u g h t-form ,. transform(et{JessJ), tra n s form a b le , transformance,

transformant, transformate, tra n s f o rm a ti o n a l), tra n sform a tiv e , transformism, transformist,

transformity, trapeziform, triform (e d), trochiform, tu b e rc u lifo rm , tuberlform, t u b ifo rm ,

turbiniform, turdlform, turriform, tympaniform, umbelliform, umbiliciform, umbrelliform, u n cif orm ,

unconformability, u n c o nfo rm a b l e , unconformed, u n c o n form in g , unconformist,

unconformitable, unconformitant, u n c o n fo rm it y , undeformed, under-form, unformfaI(se )),

u n f o rm a t t e d , u n form e d , u n f orm u l a t e d , unguiform, u nif orm (e d ), uniformable,

uniformal(ise), u n iform it a ria n (ism ), u n ifo rm ity , uniformise, uni formless, u n if orm ly ,

u n in f o rm a tiv e , u n in f o rm e d , unioniform, u nre form a b l e , unre fornn e d,

untransferable, un tra n sform e d, ununiform(ed/ity/ly/ness), uranidiform, urceiform, ursiform,

utriform, vacciniform, valviform, vaporiform, v a ri(c i)form , v a rio lif o rm , vasculiform, vasiform,

veliform, veretilliform, vergiform, v e rm if o rm , verslform, vertebriform, vespiform, v illiform ,

v itrif o rm , volutiform, vorticiform, vulviform, w a v e f o rm , w e ll-form e d(n e s s),

w e ll-f orm ul a t e d , w e ll-in fo rm e d, w e ll-re form e d , w ord-f o rm a t io n (a l),

w o rd -f o rm a t iv e , xantholiniform, ypsiliform

a c a t a l e ctic, a crol e ct(a l), a lexia, a l e xyt h im a , a l e x y t h im ic, a n a l e cta , anale cts,

b a sile ct(a l), bidialertai, cry p t o l e ct , d e le xic a |, dialect(al/e d), dia l e ctic(s), di a le ctic a l,

dia l e c tici a n , dia l e c tic is m , di ale ctis e , d i a l e cto lo g er, d i a l e ct o lo gic a l, ;

d i a l e cto lo g ist, d ia l e ct o l o g y , dialertor, dialectuai, dysle ctic, dysl e xia, dysle xic,

idio le c t , l e x em e , lexic a l, l e xica lise , l e xic o gra p h e r, l e xico gra p h ic(a l),

l e xic o gra p h y , l e xic o logic a l, le xicolo g y , lexicostatistic, l e xig ra m , lexis, lexotactics,

m e sol e ct(a l), m o n o dia le c t a l(ly ), m orp h o l e x ic a l, m u ltid i a l e ctia l(i s m ), p a nl e cta l,

p aralexia , p ara le xic, re le x ific a tio n , re l e xifie d, rele xify, sociol e ct , subdi a le ctf a l),

transdialect

aetiologue, astrologue, chalcologue, diabologue, d i a log(u e ), di a log ic(a l), di a lo g ism ,

d i a logist , d u o lo g u e , e clo g u e , e pilo g u e , geologue, gra m m a lo g u e , h o m o l o g u e ,

id e o l o g u e , isologue, martyrologue, mataeologue, m e lolo g u e , m e t a lo g u e , metrologue,

micrologue, misologue, m o n o (p o ly)l o g u e , myridlogue, mythologue, n e crolo g u e ,

p h ilo lo g u e , p o ly lo g u e , prol o g u e , pro t o lo g u e , p s e u d o lo g u e , p s y cholo g u e ,

q u a d rilo g u e , s e ism ologu e , s o ciolo g u e , telelogue, tetralogue, theologue, tra v e lo g u e ,

tri a lo g u e , trilo g u e

____

a e ro s tru c ture , astructive, construability, constru a b l e , c o n stru a l, construct(ible),

c o n structi o n (a l), c o n s tru c t io n is m , c o n s tructio n ist, co nstructiv e (n e s s),

c o n s tru ctivism , c o n s tru c tivist, c o n s tru c t o r, construdure, c onstru e ,

d e c o n s tru c t(io n ), d e c o n s tru c tio n is m , d e c o n s tru c tio n is t, d e c o n stru ctiv e ,

deconstructor, deobstruct, deobstruent, d e s tro y e r, (o z o n e -)d e s tro y ing, (a u t o-)d e stru ct,

destructant, destrudful, d e stru c t i b ility , d e stru c tibl e , (a uto-)d e s tru ctio n ,

(a uto-)d e s tru ctiv e , d e stru ctiv e (n e ss), d e s tru ctor, destructify, destructile,

destructionable, destruction!, destructioner, destructionist, destructivity, destructless, destructory,

destructuralise, destructuration, destructure, disobstruct, episuperstruction, exstrurt(ion/ive/or),

fin e -stru c ture , incons  uable, in d e s tru c t ib ilit y , in d e s tru c tib l e , infra s tru c tura l,

in fra stru c t ure , lnstruct(e$s/ible/i onary), in stru ctio n(s), in s tru c tio n a l,

in stru c tiv e {n e s s), in s tructor(ship ), in stru ctre s s, interdestructive,

m a cro-in s tru c t io n , m a crostru ctura l, m acro s tru c ture , malconstruction,

m e g a stru cture , m ic ro in s tru c t io n , m icro s tru ctura l, m icro s tru cture ,

m isc o n stru ct(io n), m isco n s tru c tiv e , m is c o n stru a b l e , m isc onstru a l,

m isc o n stru c t, m is c o n s tru c tio n , m isc o n struct iv e , m isco n s tru e , misconstruous,

m is instru c t(io n), n a n o s tru cture , n o n-d e s tru cti v e (ly), n o n-in s tru c t io n ,

n o n s tru c tura lis t , o b stru ct e d ly, o b s tru c t e d o b stru c t(io n), o b s tru c tion a ry ,

o b s tru c tio n i s m , o b stru c tio n i s t , obs tructiv e(n e ss), o b s tru ctivis m , o b stru ctor,

o b s tru e nt(-fin a l), o v e rstructure , p a l a e o s tru c tura l, p a l a e o s tru c ture ,

p a n -d e s tru c tio n , perstruct,phrase-structgjt  |v,ja pst-stru ctiira l, . . .

75 UNIV E R S E

76 W H O L E

p o s t-s tru cturá lis m , p o s t:s  uctura lis t , p re -in stru ct(io n), pre -structura lis t ,

p s e u d o-in stru cti o n , re c o n s tru ct(e d), re co n stru ct a b l e , re c o n s tru c tiv e ,

re c o n s tru c tion(a l), re c o n s tru ctio n a ry, R e c o n structio n ism , re c o n stru c tio n ist,

re co n structiv e (n e ss), re c o n s tru c t o r, re-exstruct, re in stru c t, re s tru ctura tion ,

re s tru cture , s e lf-d e stro yin g , s e lf-d e stru ct, s e lf-d e structi o n , s e lf-d e s tructiv e(ly),|

self-instructed,-soul-destroying, s tru c tura l-f u n c tio n a l, s tru ctura i(ily),

stru ct ura lis e (d), stru c tura lisin g , stru c t ura lis m , stru ctu ra list(ic),

stru c t ura l-s e m a n tic, s tru c t ura t e(d), stru c t u ra tio n , s tru cture -(in )d e p e nd e n t,

structure d n e ss, s tru c t u re -f u n c tio n , struct ure l e ss, s tru c t u re ly , s tru c t ure

stru c t u ris m , stru cturist, substruct, su bstructrio n(a l), s u b stru c tura l ,

s u b s tru cture(d), superstruct(or(y)), su p e rstru c tio n , sup e rs tru c tiv e ,

sup e rstru cture !, su p e rstru cture , syst e m -stru c ture , t e c h n o s tru c t u re ,

u ltra stru c tu re , unconstruable, u n c o n s tru ct e d , u n c o n stru c tiv e , unconstrued,

u n d e rs tru c t u re , undestructible, u n in s tru c t e d , uninstructive, u n o b stru ct,

u n o b stru c t e d (ly ), u n o b stru c tiv e , u n re co n s tru c t e d , u n s tru ctur e d ,

w e ll-c o n s tru c t e d , w e ll-in s tru c t e d , w e ll-stru c ture d

c o n t e x t, contextive, contextless, c o nt e xt u a l, co n t e xtu a lis e , c o n t e xtu a li s m ,

co n t e xt u a l ist, contextural, co n t e x t u re , co-text, d e cont e x tu a lis e , detext, g e ot e x t ile ,

h y p e rt e xt, intertext(ure), in t e rt e xt u a l(it y), int ext(ure), m e a n in g-t e x t , m e t a -t e x t ,

m e t a t e xtu a l, o p e n-t e xture d(n e s s), pre t e x t(e d), pre t e xtu a l, pre t e xtuo u s ,

pretexture, p ro o f-t e xt(in g ), prot e x t , T e c o n t e x t u a lis e , retextive, re t e xture ,

re t e xturis e , ro u g h-t e x ture d , spirt-text, subt e xt(u a j), t e l e t e xt , te xt a (c o lo ur),

textarian, t e x t b o o k(is h), t e xt e r, t e xt-h a nd , textible, t e xtil e(s), t e xtle ss , textlet,

text-letter, text-man, t e xt p h o n e , t e xt s p e a k, textogy, textorial , textour, text-pen, textrine,

t e xt u a l, t e xtu a lis m , t e x t u a lis t , t e xtu a l ity , textuary, textuist, t e xtura l, t e x ture ,

t e xt ure l e s s, t e x t u rin g , t e xturis e , texturology, text-writer, urt e xt, v id e o t e x t

_________

m a ny-u niv e rs e s , m e t a(-u ni)v ers e , m ult iv e rs a n t , m u lt iv e rs e , m u ltiv e rsit y ,

nin e v ersity, n ulliv e rs e , p oly v e rs it y , qu a si-univ e rs a l, u niv e rsalia(n),

u niv e rs a lis a b ility , un iv ers a li z a ble , univ ersal(is e), univ ers a lism , u n iv ers a list(ic),

u niv e rs a lity , univ ers a ln e ss, u n ivers ari a n, universanimous, univ ers a ry, u niv e rs e f u l,

u n iv e rsit a ri a n , u niv e rsit a ry, un iv ersit a s, (dis)university

_________________________

all-wholly, fish-whole, h e art-w h ole , h a l e(som e ), h e a rt-w h o l e , holism , h olist ,

h olistic(a lly), holo , h olo b l a s tic , (post-)h olo c a u st , H oloc e n e , h olo d e c k ,

h olo e n z ym e , h o l o g ra m , h o lo gra p h , h o logra p h ic(a lly), h ologra p h y ,

h o lo h e dra l, holometer, holomorphic, h o lophra s e , holophra sis , h o lop h ra s tic ,

h o lo p h y t ic , holosymmetry, holosystematic, h o lo ty p e , mishale, p a rt-w h o l e ,

u n w h o l e s o m e(ly), u n w h ole som e n e s s , w h o l e fo o d , whole-footed, wholeful,

w h o l e gra i n , wholehead, w ho le h e a rt e d (ly), w h o l e h e a rt e dn e s s, whol e-hog ger(y),

whole-hoggism, whole-hoggite, w h o l e -lif e , w hol e m e a l, w h ole n e s s, w hol e s a le(r),

w h ole s c a le , w hole som e(ly), w hol e som e n e s s, w h o l e -tim e (r), w ho l e -to n e ,

w h o l e w h e a t , wholewise, w holis m , w h o listic(a lly), w h o lly (-o w n e d )

___________

W ord F orm a tion Practice 4B

W ord F orm a t io n R esourc e 4 1 Sublist 2

Use t h e w o rd g iv e n in c a pit a ls a t t h e end o f e ach s e nt ence t o f orm a w ord t h a t f its in t h e

corre sp o nd ing space.

1 He m ig h t n o t e v e n b e co n sid ere d f o r f u t u re n a tion a l t e a m a ssignm e nt s b ecaus e o f his

b e h a vio ur a t th e t o u rn a m e n t w h e r e h e

_____________

h im s e lf a n d used a busiv e l a ngu a g e .

(C ONDUC E)

2 F e a t uring a (n )

____________

, s e m i-tra n s p a re n t h o u s in g , V isiLock a llo w s f o r v isible e x a m in a t io n

o f an e n c a p s u l a t e d c a th o d ic splic e w it h o u t o p e nin g t h e bo x. (ENTER)

3 Rasayana is t h o u g h t to i m pro v e m e t a b o lic processe s, w h ic h re sults in t h e b e st possible

_____________

a nd pro d u c e t h e b e s t-q u a lit y b o d ily tissues a n d era dic a t e s s e n ility and o th e r

dise ases o f ol d age . (F O RM)

4 T r a n s g e n d e i S t u d i e s Q u a r t e r l y b ills i t s e l f a s t h e f irs t n o n m e d i c a l j o u r n a l f o c u s i n g o n

c o n t e m p o r a ry i s s u e s f a c in g t h e t r a n s a n d

______

c o m m u n it i e s . (F O RM)

5 S t ro k e s t h a t c a u s e , t h e l o s s o r i m p a i r m e n t o f t h e a b i l i t y t o r e a d , o r a p h a s i a , t h e

lo s s o r i m p a ir m e n t o f t h e a b i l i t y t o e x p r e s s o r c o m p r e h e n d l a n g u a g e b y s p e e c h o r s ig n , a re

e x a m p l e s o f d e b i l i t a t i n g i m p a ir m e n t . (L E XIC O N)

6 C e rt a i n i n t e r p r e t a t i o n s o f q u a n t u m m e c h a n ic s , t h e r e v o l u t i o n a r y t h e o ry d e v e l o p e d e a r ly in

t h e c e n t u ry t o a c c o u n t f o r t h e a n o m a lo u s b e h a v io u r o f l i g h t a n d a t o m s , a re b e i n g

______________s o a s t o i m p l y t h a t o n l y t h o u g h t s a re re a l a n d t h a t t h e p h y s ic a l u n iv e rs e is t h e

p r o d u c t o f a c o s m i c m i n d t o w h i c h t h e h u m a n m i n d is lin k e d t h r o u g h o u t s p a c e a n d t i m e .

(S T R U C TU R E)

7 S i n c e t h e j o b o f s o rt i n g t h r o u g h t h e sl u s h p il e is g e n e r a ll y r e c k o n e d t o b e

______________

, it is

a l m o s t in v a r i a b l y g iv e n t o t h e n e w e s t a n d m o s t j u n i o r m e m b e r o f s t a f f : t h e o n e w h o is i n n o

p o s i t i o n t o r e fu s e . (S T R U C TU R E)

8 F e m i n i s t re s e a rc h e rs h a v e e x p re s s e d a p r e f e r e n c e f o r m e t h o d s t h a t a v o i d ________ - t h a t

is, t h a t s u c c e s s f u l ly s t u d y t h e i n d i v i d u a l w i t h i n a s o c i a l c o n t e x t . (T E X T)

9 A g a i n s t t h e b a c k d ro p o f t r e m e n d o u s s o c io - e c o n o m i c c h a n g e , e x p a n d i n g e n ro l m e n t s , t h e

d e v e l o p m e n t o f t h e

____________

a n d s t u d e n t r a d i c a l i s m , h e s in g l e d o u t h i g h e r l e a r n i n g a s a

s t a b il i s i n g f o rc e . (U NIV E R S E )

1 0 D a v e

s e x p e ri e n c e s o f f e r a n e x a m p l e o f a s t u d e n t t e a c h e r

s r e f l e c ti v e s tr u g g l e w i t h

, o p e n m i n d e d n e s s , a n d r e s p o n s ib i l it y . (W H O L E )

C h o o s e t h e s u it a b l e w o rd fro m t h e b o x a n d s u p p ly its c o rr e c t f o rm t h a t f i t s in e a ch s p a c e .

B E A ST C O N DITI O N

E XIST IM P O S E

P A L P A T E

C O M P O S E

E X A M H E A V E

INT E R F E R E S TAR

RIP PLE S O F A N TIC IP A TIO N

N e v e r m i n d t h e ru m o u rs . T h e m o s t-

s e n s it i v e e v e r s e a rc h f o r g r a v it a t i o n a l w a v e s

s e e m s t o h a v e g l i m p s e d it s q u a rr y b e f o r e i t e v e n

s t a r t e d l o o k i n g o f f i c i a lly .

G r a v it a t i o n a l w a v e s a re r ip p l e s in s p a c e 

t i m e p r e d i c t e d b y E i n s t e i n

s t h e o r y o f g e n e r a l

r e l a t i v i t y . M a s s i v e o b j e c t s lik e b la c k h o l e s a n d

n e u t r o n s t a rs w a rp s p a c e -t i m e a r o u n d

t h e m s e l v e s , a n d w h e n t w o s u c h ( 1 )

______________

c o ll i d e , t h e d i s t o r t i o n s r i p p l e o u t w a r d a t t h e

s p e e d o f li g h t . A l t h o u g h w e a r e p r e t t y c o n f i d e n t

"The firs t gra vita tio n a l w ave sig htin g co uld have fa lle n t h i s h a p p e n s , n o o n e h a d d e t e c t e d t h e w a v e s

into LIG O

s la p before it form a ll y sta rte d loo kin g " t h e m s e l v e s

R u m o u r s w e r e f l y i n g t h a t t h e L a s e r ( 2 )

_______________

G r a v i t a t i o n a l - W a v e O b s e rv a t o ry (L IG O )

t e a m w a s a b o u t t o a n n o u n c e j u s t s u c h a d e t e c t i o n . T h e s o u rc e w a s s a id t o b e t h e m e r g e r o f t w o

b l a c k h o l e s , e a c h a b o u t 3 0 t i m e s t h e m a s s o f t h e s u n . T h e t e a m h a s c a ll e d a p re s s c o n f e r e n c e f o r

11 F e b ru a ry , b u t w e a lr e a d y h a v e re a s o n t o b e li e v e t h i s is t h e re a l d e a l . B y (3) p u b li c

o b s e r v a t i o n l o g s , i t w a s d i s c o v e r e d t h a t t h e t e a m h a d f o l l o w e d u p o n a t l e a s t t h r e e p o s s i b l e

s o u rc e s s i n c e it s t a rt e d l i s t e n i n g t o t h e s k y l a s t S e p t e m b e r .

L IG O

s d e t e c t o rs , 3 0 0 0 k i l o m e t r e s a p a r t i n H a n f o rd , W a s h i n g t o n , a n d L i v i n g s t o n , L o u is i a n a ,

a i m t o s p o t p a s s i n g g r a v it a t i o n a l w a v e s b y p ic k in g u p s t r e t c h e s a n d c o n t r a c t i o n s i n s p a c e -t i m e as

s m a l l as o n e t e n t h o u s a n d t h t h e d i a m e t e r o f a p r o t o n .

T h e s ig n a l f r o m t h e m e r g e r o f t w o ( 4 )

_______________

o b j e c t s ris e s in f r e q u e n c y , t h e n f a ll s

a b r u p t l y . A n a ly s i n g it g iv e s a n i d e a o f t h e e v e n t

s d is t a n c e a n d t h e m a s s e s o f t h e b o d i e s , b u t n o t

w h e r e t h e y a re in t h e s k y . S o t h e L IG O t e a m a s k s a s tro n o m e rs a t 7 5 o b s e rv a t o ri e s w o r l d w i d e t o

s c a n f o r m o r e t r a d i t i o n a l s i g n a ls : v i s i b l e l i g h t , g a m m a ra y s , e v e n n e u t ri n o s . If a g r a v i t a t i o n a l w a v e

e v e n t is l i k e t h e ( 5 )

______________

C h e s h ir e c a t, t h e n f i n d i n g t h e s e c o u n t e r p a rt s is s e e in g t h e g ri n .

A l t h o u g h t h e r e s u lt s o f t h e s e s e a rc h e s a re n o t p u b li c , w h e t h e r o r n o t t h e y h a v e t a k e n p la c e is -

a n d so a re t h e c o o r d in a t e s .

A c c o r d i n g t o s e a rc h e s b y t h e E u ro p e a n S o u t h e r n O b s e rv a t o ry (E S O ), a s e t o f t e l e s c o p e s in

C h il e t h a t c a n d e t e c t t h e fl a s h o f l i g h t t h a t m a y (6 ) w i t h a g r a v i t a t i o n a l w a v e s ig n a l.

(f D oa’ rm pi Z O

.S/J.nu.ry ,

016T h e y f o u n d t h a t ESO b e g a n a s e a rch o n 17

S e p t e m b e r, s t a rtin g in t h e D or a d o a n d v e erin g

a cross o t h e r p arts o f t h e s o u th e rn sky. LIG O

o b s e rv in g ru n o f f i c i a ll y b e g a n t h e v e ry n e x t

m o rn i n g , b u t t h e t e a m h a d s p e n t th e p re vio u s

f e w w e e k s c o ll e c t in g d a t a in p re p a ra t io n .

F o ll o w -u p o b s e rv a tio n s s u g g e s t t h a t LIG O

m a y h a v e se e n t h re e g r a v it a t io n a l w a v e sign a ls.

T h e m a p s h o w s are a s o f sky s w e p t b y t h e ESO,

(7) on t h e c o s m ic m ic ro w a v e

b a c k g ro u n d - t h e e m b e rs o f th e b i g b a ng - as m a p p e d b y N A S A

s W M A P .

T h e firs t ru m o u r o f a sig n a l a p p e a re d ju s t a w e e k la t e r, t o t h e ( 8 ) ______________o f t e a m

m e m b e rs . It s e e m s t h e f irs t s ig h t in g f e ll i n t o LIG O

s l a p b e fo re t h e e x p e ri m e n t f o rm a lly s t a rt e d .

T w o o th e r ESO s e arch e s - o n e a ro u n d t h e ( 9 )

_____________

Aries, t h e o t h e r in t h e ro u g h v i c in i t y o f

H y dra - b o t h b e g a n o n 28 D e c e m b e r a n d c o n tin u e d u n t i l t h e e n d o f t h e LIG O run on 14 J a n u ary.

T a k e n t o g e t h e r, t h e th r e e se arch e s s u g g e s t LIG O has b e e n u n b e li e v a b ly luc ky.

T h e LIG O t e a m is k n o w n t o cre a t e f als e sign a ls t o t e s t its a n a lysis. In 2010, b e f o re LIG O h a d its

s e n s itiv it y (1 0 )_____________, a n a p p a r e n t sig n a l t u rn e d o u t t o b e on e o f t h e s e d e li b e r a t e f a k e s. T his

tim e , g iv e n t h e t e a m

s sch e m e f o r in tro d u c in g fak e s, it

s lik e ly t h a t a t le a st o n e o f th e sig n a ls is re al.

» September c’ 0

]

‘ ;

Use t h e w o rd g iv e n in c a p it a ls t o f o rm a w o rd t h a t fit s in th e corre s p o n d in g space.

List e n a n d ch e c k y o u r a nsw ers.

O P TIMISIN G R O MAN C E

To fin d true love, it helps to u nd e rsta n d the economic principle s (1 )

____________

(PIN) th e se arch

D a tin g is a tr e a c h e ro u s bu sin e ss. T h e re m a y b e p l e n t y o f fis h in t h e se a, y e t m a n y are

( 2 )

____________

(H Y GIE N E), s e lf-a b s o rb e d , d is c o n c e rt in g ly a t t a c h e d t o e x-fis h, o r f a ns o f D o n a l d

T ru m p . D ig it a l d a t i n g sit es, in c lu d i n g a g ro w in g a rra y o f m a tc h m a k in g a pps, are m e a n t t o h e lp.

T h e ir d e s i g n ow es m o r e t o (3 )

____________

(N O S E) e c o n o m ic s th a n it doe s t o t h e m yst e ri e s o f t h e

h e a rt.

In a sense , s e a rc h in g f o r a m a t e is n o t so d i f f e r e n t fro m h u n t i n g fo r a jo b . Jobs, lik e

p ro s p e c t iv e p a rtn e rs , h a v e t h e ir s tre n g th s a n d w e a kn e ss e s, w h ic h m a k e s f i n d in g t h e rig h t o n e a

m a tt e r o f c o m p lic a t e d (4)

____________

(TRAD E). S uch e x c h a n g e s are d iff e r e n t fro m o t h e r

tra n s a ct io n s , in t h a t b o t h p a rtie s m u s t b e e n t h u sia s tic a b o u t t h e m a tch f o r it t o h a p p e n . A

s u p e rm a rk e t , in c o n tr a s t , d o e s n o t p a rtic u l a rl y c are w h o s e w a ll e t it is dra in i n g , n o r d o e s t h e p o w e r

c o m p a n y a g o n is e a b o u t w h e t h e r a c u s t o m e r is w o rt h y o f its w a t t s .

A lv i n R ot h, w h o w o n a N o b e l pri z e in e c o n o m ic s f o r his w o rk o n m a rk e t d e s ig n , m a d e a

c a re e r o f s t u d y in g s uch "m a tc h i n g m ark e t s ", w h e re s u p p ly a nd d e m a n d are n o t b a l a n c e d b y price .

In s t e a d , p e o p l e tra n s a c t b a s e d o n in f o rm a tio n . A n a p p l e -s e ll e r c a n n u d g e d o w n his pric e s u n t il t h e

w h o l e c a rt is sold. Y et i f A p p l e w e re lo o k in g t o h ire t w o w o rk e rs, it w o u l d n o t s et a salary so p u n y

t h a t o n l y t w o p e o p l e a pp li e d . T h e q u a l it y o f n e w hire s o f t e n m a t t e rs at le a st as m u c h as t h e ir

salari e s. M r R oth , w h o w o n t h e pri z e j o i n t l y w it h L lo y d S h a p le y in 2012, f o u n d t h a t t h e s t ru ct u r e o f

m a tc h in g m a rk e t s m a d e a s ig n if ic a n t d iff e re n c e in d e t e rm in i n g w h o w o u n d u p w i t h w h o m .

S y st e m s d e s i g n e d t o e lic it p e o p le

s t ru e p re f ere n c e s g e n e ra t e d b e tt e r m a tch e s b e tw e e n h o s p it a ls

a nd d o c t o rs , f o r e x a m ple . B u t t h e e n t ire m e dic a l prof e s s io n has a n in t e r e s t in im p ro v i n g m a t c h e s,

a nd so c a n s e t u p a n a t i o n a l c l e a rin g h o u s e t o d o ju s t t h a t . T h e ( 5 )

____________

(L O S E) m u s t

in st e a d r e ly o n an a rra y o f d i g it a l m a t c h m a k e rs . G o o d m a tch e s d e p e n d o n g o o d i n fo rm a tio n . E ven

w i t h o u t d ig it a l h e lp, p e o p l e u su a lly h a v e s o m e in klin g o f h o w m u c h t h e y h a v e in c o m m o n .

C o s m o p o lit a n striv e rs m o v e t o N e w Y ork, say, r a t h e r t h a n sl e e pi e r citi e s, in p a rt b e c a us e t h e y w il l

m e e t o t h e r a m b itio u s t y p e s w i t h sim ila r in t ere s ts. W i t h i n N e w York, t h e pl a c e s p e o p l e c h o o s e t o

sp e n d t h e ir t i m e - w h e th e r Y ank e e S ta dium o r a y o g a s t u d io - d e t e rm in e w h ic h sorts o f p e o p l e

th e y co m e in to c o n t a c t w it h . B e c a use i t is e x p e n s iv e t o liv e in N e w York, a n d t o sp e n d tim e

s w e a tin g in a yo g a s t u d i o o r s w e a rin g in t h e st a nd s, p e o p l e in such s e t t in g s c a n b e r e a s o n a b l y

c o n fid e n t th o s e a ro u n d t h e m are in so m e s e nse (6 )

____________

(MIN D).

B ut o n e crit ic a l b i t o f in f o rm a ti o n is m issing: w h e th e r th e r e is m u t u a l i n t e re s t . T he a c t o f

a s k ing s o m e o n e o u t is fra u g h t . In t h e ( 7 ) _____________(DIGITIS E) w o rld , a p p ro a c h in g a p o t e n t i a l

p a rt n e r b ri n g s t h e risk o f a w k w a rd n e s s or h u m ili a tio n . D ig it a l d a tin g re duc e s th is cost d ra m a ti c a lly .

A p p s lik e T in d e r and H a p p n , f o r e x a m p l e , re v e a l t h a t a us er likes a n o t h e r o n ly w h e n t h e f e e li n g is

m u t u a l . T h e b e s t m a t c h i n g m a rk e t s a re t h o s e t h a t a re " t h i c k " , w i t h l o t s o f p a r t i c i p a n t s . T h e m o r e

p e o p l e t h e r e a re s e e k i n g d i g i t a l d a t e s , t h e g r e a t e r t h e c h a n c e o f f i n d i n g a g o o d m a t c h . O d d s

i m p r o v e t h a t a n o t h e r p e rs o n i n t h e c r o w d a ls o e n j o y s W a g n e r, T h a i f o o d , o r d is c u s s i o n s a b o u t t h e

e c o n o m i c s o f m a t c h i n g m a rk e t s . T h e w e a l t h o f i n f o r m a t i o n m a n y d a t i n g s i t e s r e q u e s t m a y h e l p t o

h o m e in o n t h e p e r f e c t m a t c h , b u t i f t h e e f f o r t i n v o l v e d is e n o u g h t o d e t e r p o t e n t i a l m a t e s f r o m

j o i n i n g in t h e f i r s t p l a c e , t h e n i t d o e s m o r e h a rm t h a n g o o d . W h e n T i n d e r f i r s t l a u n c h e d , l a r g e l y t o

f a c i l i t a t e c a s u a l s e x , u s ers a s s e s s e d o n e a n o t h e r b a s e d o n l y o n l o o k s , a g e a n d g e n d e r. S i m p l i c i t y

w o r k e d w o n d e r s ; t h e r e a re 2 6 m m a t c h e s m a d e b e t w e e n T i n d e r u s e rs e a c h d a y .

T h e a d v a n t a g e s o f t h i c k m a r k e t s a re l o s t , h o w e v e r, i f t h e y b e c o m e t o o " c o n g e s t e d " , w i t h

u s e r s o v e r w h e l m e d b y t h e n u m b e r o f p a r t i c i p a n t s a n d u n a b l e t o lo c a t e a g o o d m a t c h a m o n g

t h e m . O n e r e s p o n s e is t o s p e c ia li s e . J S w ip e , f o r i n s t a n c e , c a t e rs t o J e w is h s i n g l e s w h il e B u m b l e , a n

a p p w h e r e w o m e n m u s t i n i t i a t e c o n t a c t , is m e a n t t o a t t r a c t f e m i n is t s . B u t t h e m o s t p o p u l a r a p p s

s e e k t o h e l p t h e i r u s e rs f i l t e r p o s s i b l e m a t e s u s i n g c l e v e r t e c h n o l o g y . T i n d e r, f o r e x a m p l e , o n l y

p r o v i d e s u s e rs w i t h p r o f i l e s o f f e l l o w T i n d e r i t e s w h o a re n e a r b y , t o m a k e i t t h a t m u c h e a s i e r t o

m e e t in p e rs o n . It h a s a ls o i n t ro d u c e d a " s u p e r l i k e " f e a t u r e , w h i c h c a n b e d e p l o y e d o n l y o n c e a

d a y , t o a l l o w s m i t t e n u s e rs t o s ig n a l h e i g h t e n e d i n t e r e s t i n s o m e o n e . In a d d it i o n , l a st y e a r it

s t a r t e d a l l o w i n g p e o p l e t o l i s t t h e i r j o b s a n d e d u c a t i o n , t o h e l p u s e rs t o s o rt t h r o u g h t h e c ro w d s .

U s e rs g e t t h e b e n e f it s b o t h o f a b i g p o o l o f p o t e n t i a l p a rt n e r s a n d v a ri o u s t o o l s t o (8)

______________

(W IN D) t h e m .

T h e e m e r g e n c e o f m a t c h i n g a p p s , f o r t h o s e s e e k in g l o v e o r t h e a t r e t i c k e t s o r a l i f t , h a s

c e r t a i n l y m a d e ( 9 )

____________

(O N U S) t a s k s m o r e c o n v e n i e n t . T h e y m a y a ls o c o n t r i b u t e t o m o r e

p r o f o u n d e c o n o m i c c h a n g e . D a t i n g a p p s c o u l d s t r e n g t h e n t h e t r e n d t o w a r d " a s s o rt a t i v e m a t i n g " ,

w h e r e b y p e o p l e c h o o s e t o c o u p l e w i t h t h o s e o f s i m i l a r i n c o m e a n d s ki lls . B y o n e e s t i m a t e , t h e

t r e n d a c c o u n t s f o r a b o u t 1 8 % o f t h e ris e in i n c o m e i n e q u a l i t y i n A m e ri c a b e t w e e n 1 9 6 0 a n d 2 0 0 5 .

A r e c e n t s t u d y o f o n l i n e d a t i n g in S o u t h K o re a f o u n d t h a t i t b o o s t e d s o r t i n g a m o n g c o u p l e s b y

e d u c a t i o n . B e t t e r m a t c h i n g m a y a ls o m e a n b i g g e r c it i e s . M e t r o p o l i t a n g o l i a t h s h a v e l o n g b e e n

( 1 0 )

____________

(MELT), w i t h i n w h i c h t h o s e e a rl y o n i n t h e i r a d u l t liv e s l i n k u p w i t h j o b s , f ri e n d s

a n d m a t e s . M a t c h i n g a p p s , r o m a n t i c o r n o t , m a k e i t e a s i e r t o n a v ig a t e t h e u rb a n s p r a w l a n d

s a m p l e a ll i t h a s t o o f f e r. T h a t , i n t u r n , s h o u l d m a k e t h e b i g g e s t c i t i e s r e l a t iv e l y m o r e a t t r a c t i v e t o

y o u n g p e o p l e . A p p s c a n n o t y e t m a k e b r e a k -u p s l e ss p a i n f u l . A n d l o v e r e m a i n s m y s t e ri o u s e n o u g h

t h a t e v e n t h e m o s t r e f in e d a l g o ri t h m s c a n n o t p r e d i c t m u t u a l a t t r a c t i o n w i t h c o n f i d e n c e . B u t t h e y

c l e a rl y h e l p , j u d g i n g b y t h e i r l e g i o n s o f u s e rs . A f t e r a ll, i t is b e t t e r t o h a v e s u p e r-l i k e d a n d lo s t t h a n

n e v e r t o h a v e s u p e r-lik e d a t a ll.

________________

T h e E conom ist

O ffici a l T est 3

G r a d e 12

I N a tio n a l E x a m in a t io n f o r the G ift e d

Use t h e w ord g iv e n in c a p it a ls a t t h e e nd o f e a ch s e nt e nc e t o f o rm a w ord t h a t fit s in t h e

co rre s p o n d in g sp a ce.

P e rh a p s t h e m o s t v i v id i l l u s t r a t i o n o f o u r g i f t f o r r e c o g n i t i o n is t h e m a g ic o f c a ri c a t u r e - t h e

f a c t t h a t t h e s p a re s t c a r t o o n o f a f a m i l i a r f a c e , e v e n a s i n g l e l i n e d a s h e d o f f in t w o s e c o n d s , c a n b e

i d e n t i f i e d b y o u r b ra i n s in a n i n s t a n t . It

s o f t e n s a i d t h a t a g o o d c a ri c a t u r e lo o k s m o r e lik e a p e rs o n

t h a n t h e p e rs o n h im s e lf . A s i t h a p p e n s , t h i s n o t i o n , ( 1 ) _____________(IN T U ITIO N) t h o u g h i t m a y

s o u n d , is a c t u a l l y s u p p o rt e d b y re s e a rc h . In t h e f i e ld o f v i s i o n s c i e n c e , t h e r e

s e v e n a t e r m f o r t h i s

s e e m i n g p a r a d o x - t h e c a r i c a t u r e e f f e c t - a p h r a s e t h a t h i n t s a t h o w o u r b ra i n s ( 2)

_______________

(P E R C EP TIO N) f a c e s as m u c h a s p e rc e i v e t h e m .

H u m a n f a c e s a re a ll b u i l t p r e t t y m u c h t h e s a m e : t w o e y e s a b o v e a n o s e t h a t

s a b o v e a

m o u t h , t h e f e a t u r e s v a ry i n g f r o m p e rs o n t o p e rs o n g e n e r a l l y b y m e re m i l l i m e t e rs . S o w h a t o u r

b ra in s l o o k f o r, a c c o r d in g t o v is i o n s c i e n ti s t s , a re t h e (3)

____________

(LIE) f e a t u re s - t h o s e

c h a r a c t e ri s t i c s t h a t d e v i a t e m o s t f r o m t h e i d e a l f a c e w e c a rr y a r o u n d in o u r h e a d s , t h e r u n n i n g

a v e r a g e o f e v e ry v is a g e w e

v e e v e r s e e n . W e c o d e e a c h n e w f a c e w e e n c o u n t e r n o t i n a b s o l u t e

t e rm s b u t in t h e s e v e r a l w a y s i t d if f e r s (4 )

____________

(M A R K) f r o m t h e m e a n . In o t h e r w o r d s , t o

b e a t w h a t v is i o n s c i e n t i s t s c a l l t h e h o m o g e n e i t y p r o b l e m , w e a c c e n t u a t e w h a t

s m o s t i m p o r t a n t

f o r r e c o g n i t i o n a n d l a rg e l y i g n o r e w h a t is n

t . O u r p e r c e p t i o n f i x a t e s o n t h e ( 5 )

____________

(T U RN)

n o s e , r e n d e ri n g i t m o r e p o rc i n e , t h e s u n k e n e y e s o r t h e ( 6 )

____________

(FLESH) c h e e k s , m a k in g

t h e m l o o m l a rg e r. T o b e t t e r i d e n t i f y a n d r e m e m b e r p e o p l e , w e t u r n t h e m i n t o c a ri c a t u re * ;.

Key

O f f i c i a l T e s t 3

i l counterintuitiv e

S outlying ; 5 upturned

2/ mispercelve 4 m arkedly 6 fleshy

deflesh, dlsflestverif leshiment), flesh-e ating/fle sh-colouK e d

flesh ecI, flesher, flesh-fly,

fleshful, flesh-hewer, fleshhead, fleshhood, flesh-liook/fleshiiy, fleshiness, fleshings, fleshless, fleshlihood,

fleshly, flesh-meat, fleshmonger, fleshpot(s),flesh-shambles, fleshward, flesh-worm, fleshy, gooseflesh,

green-flesh, horseflesh, proud-flesh, Tawflesh,unfleshed, well

fleshed

tackmarki backmarker, flemark, benchm ari</t#om arker, birthm ark, black-mark,

bookm arkfer), bookm arklet, brand-mark;china-rnark/counterrnark, date-mark, demark,

D-Th  rk,tlsmark, earmark, eyemark, fingerrhark, footmark/fox-inarlC half-mark, hallmark,

headm ark, iron-m ark, irremarkable,ken-márk,1  hdmaik,man-mark(er),-man-marking,

markcourt, m arkdown, marked(ly), m arked-down, markedness, marker, marking(s),

m arking-down, m arking-nut, m arking-off, m arking-out, m arking-up, markland,

markless, marklet, markman, markmoot, mark-sense{d), mark-sensing, marksman(ship),

mark-space, markstone, m arkswom an,m ark(ing)-to-m arket, markup, markworthy,

match-m ark, metalm ark, mismark, miss-mark, monom ark, naymark, neb-mark, no-m ark, noon

mark, overmark(ed), overm arking, paint-m ark, pencil-mark, pin-m ark, pitch-m ark,

plate-m ark(ed), p-marker, pockmark, postm ark, pressmark, prestige-m arking,

prick-mark, proof-m ark, punch-m ark(ed), race-mark, reed-marked, remark(er), re-mark,

rem arkability, remarkable(ness), rem ark-worthy, scent-mark, seamark, sheep-mark, sirmark,

I swan-mark, telem ark, thumb-mark, tidem ark, tradem ark, unlandmarked, unm arked,

unremarkable, unrem arked, w aterm ark, waym ark(er), well-m arked

__________________

apperception, apperceptive, imperceivable, imperceived, im perce ptibility, imperce ptible,

imperception, imperceptlve, misperceive, mi sperception, non-perception, perceivabillty,

perceivable, perceivance, perceivancy, percelvant, perceivedly, perceivedness, perceiver,

perceiverance, perceiverant, perceiveratlon, percept(ful), p erc e ptibility, perceptible,

perceptlon(al(ism/ist)), perceptionism, perceptlve(ness), perceptivity, percepto-m otor,

perceptron, perceptual(ise), perceptual-m otor, perceptum , perceptuom otor,

perceptuospatial, preperception, preperceptlve, reperceive, unapperceived,

unpercelvable(ness), unperceived(ly), unperceiving, unperceptable, unperceptible,

unperceptive, unperceptive(ness)

__________________________________________

attuition, contuitive, counter-intuitiv e , distutor, intuit, intulta ble , Intuition(al), intuition alism ,

Intuitionism , Intultionist, intuitionless, intuitive(ness), intuitivism, intuitivist, mistutore d,

over-tutoring, pro-tutor(y), tultio n a l, tutelag e, tutelar(y), tutor(ess), tutorage , tutordom,

tutorhood, tutorial, tutorlate, tutorify, tutorism, tutorise, tutorless, tutorship, under-tutor, unintuitive,

untut elar, untutored, w ell-tutore d

_________

about-turn, agaln-turn, a uto-return, back-tum, beturn, by-tuming, counter-tum(ed/ing), detum,

dow nturn, E ngland-returned, e ngine-turne d, face-turning, foreign-return e d, gaintum,

hand-turned, he ad-turner, he a d-turni ng, ill-tumed, intum(ed/ing), irretumable, kick-turn, mistum,

m ulti-turn, non-return(-to-z ero), non-returnable, out-and-return, out-turn(ed),

overturn(er), overturnable, pag e-turner, page-turning, quarter-turn(ing),

quick-turnover, re-return, retum(al), return a billty, returnable, returnee, returner,

returnm ent, return-thanks, return-to-z ero, right-turning, sale-or-return,

stom ach-turning, ta ble-turning, topsy-turn, tumable, turn a bout, tumagain, turnaround,

tumaway, turnback, tumbroach, turnbuckle, turnco at, turncock, turndow n, turner, tum -ln,

turning(s), turning-evil, turning-point, turnkey, turn-off, turn-on, turn o u t, turnover,

(dis)turnplke, turnround, turn-serving, turn-sick, tumsilver, turnsole, turnspit, turnsti le , I

tum stone, turntable , turnta bllsm , turntabllst, turn-tai), turn-up, tumway, tumwrest, underturji, 4

unr  turnable, unreturned, unretufpi hg,unflimable, unturned; upturn, U-turn, 1

,w  ll-t  m éd(-Q utj, woodturner.W Q QdlMfJi.inB.i ,

____________

„

.......

-.. .

W ord F orm a tion Practice 5

W o rd F o rm a t io n R e source 5

Use t h e w ord g iv e n in c a pit a ls a t t h e e n d o f e a ch s e nt e nc e t o fo rm a w o rd t h a t fit s i n t h e

c o rre s p o n d in g space.

1 W h ile d e a t h c o n s t itu t e s o n e o f t h e m o st p ro f o u n d e v e n t s o f t h e b o d y, a nd t h e p o t e n t i a l i t y o f

t h e b o d y m ay s h if t as it m ov e s t h ro u g h a n o th e r e v e n t h o riz o n w h e n t h e fl e s h e d b e c o m e s

t h e

____________

, t h e sk e l e t a l b o d y f o rm s an im p o rt a n t axis o f c o n t i n u i t y . (FLE SH)

2 T h e s e d i s t u rb i n g b uri a ls in c lu d e b o d i e s t h a t are d is m e m b e re d , m u t il a t e d , b o u n d , b u ri e d f a c e

d o w n , d e c a p it a t e d , w it h sign s o f vio l e n c e o t h e r t h a n w arf a re , o r w i t h e v id e n c e f o r

____________

a nd e x p o s ure . (FLE SH)

3 R e q u i e m

s c e n tra l c h a ra ct e rs are a lso b ig c it y d ru g d e a le rs w h o w a n t p e rs o n a l lib e rt y , b u t

th e y h a v e no id e a lis tic n o tio n s a b o u t fr e e d o m , a n d t h e y a r e

_____________

dress e d . (M A R K )

4 T h e la n d has also b e e n

_____________

f o r p o s sib l e f u tu re p u b lic tr a n s p o rt e xp a n sio n , e v e n

t h o u g h th e re p o rt t o t h e c o m m it t e e a d m it s th i s is u n lik e ly t o b e re a lis e d. (M A R K)

5 W e l e t y o u t h slip fro m US re g ard l e ss o f th e tre a sure s it i s b e arin g i n t o o b li v io n , w i t h t h e sam e

_____________

t h a t le ts t h e glo ri e s o f s p rin g g o b y u n h e e d e d . (PERC EIVE)

6 O rig i n a lly , it w a s n o th in g in t h e sens e o f a (n )

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o f all t h in g s , b e c a use sp a c e , t i m e

a n d o b j e c t i v i t y o f th i n g s w e re all c o m p re h e n d e d in th e b o s o m o f w h a t are c a ll e d t h e

o ri g in a l w a t ers

, t h e

co s m ic w a t e rs

, a s y m b o lo g y w h ic h is f a m ili a r t o a ll re lig io u s a n d

m y stic a l d o ctrin e s . (P E R C EIV E)

7 T h e re is a m ist a k e n b e li e f a m o n g s o m e p a re n t s t h a t m a s s i v e

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w ill e q u a l b e tt e r

re s ults , b u t th a t

s n o t h o w l e a rn in g w ork s . (T UITIO N)

8 A n s w e ra b l e o n ly t o th e m s e lv e s , t h e u n i f o rm e d m ilit i a n o n e th e l e ss p ro v id e d t h e o n ly m a rt i a l

e x p eri e n c e f o r t h o u s a n d s o f o t h e rw i s e

_____________

cit i z e n -s o ld i e rs w h o w o u l d v o l u n t e e r f o r

t h e n e x t w a r. (T UITIO N)

9 H e h a s t h e a b ili t y t o synth e sis e a la rg e b o d y o f s c i e n t ific d a t a i n t o a h ig h ly re a d a b l e ,

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n a rra tiv e , a n d t o c o n v e rt t h e ra w n u m b e rs o f res e a rc h a n d st a t istics in t o

m e a nin g f u l f a c ts fo r o u r p e rson a l liv e s. (TU R N)

1 0 T h e c o m m itt e e , w h ic h is u n d e rs t o o d t o h a v e s p e n t m o s t o f th e £ 6 0 0 , 0 0 0

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d e p o sit it re c e iv e d on C laro R o ad, m u s t d e ci d e w h e th e r it c an a ff o rd t o a p p e a l a g a in s t

H a rro g a t e C ou n cil

s d e c isi o n . (TU R N)

C hoos e a su it a b l e d e riv a t iv e fro m t h e

W ord F orm a tion R esourc e 5

f o ll o w i n g se ntences.

t o c o m pl e t e e a ch o f th e

1 A lt h o u g h w o m e n w ere p o lit i c a lly a n d s o c i a lly re pre s s e d, e x q u i s it e a n d

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c o u rt e s a n s lik e H e a rt-of-R u b y o c c u p i e d a sp e cial role in J a p a n e s e so cie t y.

2 C ritics h a v e p r e v io u s ly a rg u e d t h a t t h e s t a b ilit y p a c t h a m p e rs g ro w t h b y p r e v e n t in g e u ro

z o n e g o v e rn m e n t s fro m b o o s tin g p u b lic s p e n d i n g t o s t i m u l a t e t h e ir e c o n o m i e s d u ri n g

3 F o r m a n y a rt is t s , t h e p i x e l a t e d li n e t h a t is t h e

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o f d i g i t a l d r a w i n g p ro g r a m s h a s

b e c o m e a s a v a i l a b l e a d e v i c e a s u n m e d i a t e d s tr o k e s o f p e n a n d in k .

4 In t h e r i g h t h e m i s p h e r e , s o m e s e c t o r s o f t h e n e o c o r t e x m e d i a t e

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f u n c t i o n s t h a t

a re o f g r e a t i m p o rt a n c e in t e c h n i c a l a c t i v it i e s o f m a n .

5 T h a t l a n g u a g e i s

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i n d i f f e r e n t w a y s in d i f f e r e n t c o n t e x t s : in g o s p e l m u s ic a n d

c h a n t , i n o il f o r a n o i n t i n g a n d in s il e n c e , in c h o r a l e s a n d h y m n s a n d d a n c e .

6 T h e d r i b b l i n g

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h e r e c e i v e d f r o m h is f a t h e r o n t h e b e a c h e s n e a r h is h o m e

t o u g h e n e d h im u p t o e n s u r e h e h a s c o p e d w i t h t h e p h y s i c a l n a t u r e o f t h e S c o tt i s h g a m e .

7 T r a p p e d o n a p a ra d is e p l a n e t i n f e s t e d w i t h

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m u t a n t s a n d c a rn i v o ro u s p l a n t s , y o u r

j o b is t o s h o o t t h i n g s u n t il t h e y b e c o m e i n c a p a b l e o f f e a s t i n g o n y o u r e n tr a i l s .

8 W e a re d e t e r m i n e d a s a g o v e r n m e n t t o d e a l w i t h t h i s is s u e , a n d t o e n s u r e t h a t n o s t o n e is l e f t

in o u r e f f o rt s t o s e e a p p ro v e d p ro j e c t s s u c c e s s fu lly a n d e x p e d i t i o u s l y c o m p l e t e d .

9 W h e n y o u

r e t h a t k i n d o f p la y e r , i t m u s t b e s o f u n t o p la y a g a i n s t

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w h o f a ll f o r

e v e ry s t e p o v e r, tri c k , f l i c k a n d s h im m y .

1 0 W h e r e p e o p l e d i f f e r is in t h e w a y e a c h o f t h e m t y p i c a l l y m a k e s u s e o f t h e e q u i p m e n t ; a n d t h i s

t y p i c a l m o d e o f

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a n d r e s p o n s i v e n e s s is w h a t is m e a n t in p s y c h o l o g y b y t h e i r t y p e .

C h o o s e t h e s u it a b l e w o rd f ro m th e b o x a n d s u p p l y it s c o rre ct f o rm t h a t f i t s in e a ch s p a c e .

C A P A B L E C O M P L Y

C O R P U S C U R E LIM E N

LIV E

MIL K P OSE

SPRIN G

T H R E A T

C H R O NIC L E C O N T IN E N T

C R E ATE

HILL

LIS T

M A R K P E R VIO U S S HIE LD

T A K E V O C A TIV E

W A G IN G W A R O N ZIK A M O S Q UIT O E S

From spra ying to g e n e t ic m od ific a tio n , Clare Wilson looks a t the weapons ava ilable

Z ika is o f fic i a lly a(n) ( 1 )

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p u b lic h e a lth e m e rg e n c y. T h e d e c l a ra t io n , b y t h e W H O o n M on d a y ,

m e a ns t h a t i t c a n n o w t a k e t h e l e a d in ( 2 )

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w it h t h e g lo b a l re s p o ns e t o a v iru s it has e s tim a te d c o u ld

in f e ct u p t o 4 m il lio n p e o p l e in th e A m eric a s ov e r t h e n e x t y e ar. "I a m n o w d e cl a ri n g t h a t re c e n t cases o f

m ic ro c e p h a l y a n d n e u ro l o g ic a l a b n o rm a liti e s.. . c o n s titu t e a p u b lic h e a lth e m e rg e n c y o f in t e rn a t i o n a l co n c e rn, "

said M a rg a re t C h a n, d ire c t o r-g e n e r a l o f t h e W H O . Z ik a , w h ic h w a s f irs t d e t e ct e d in t h e re gio n in M a y, has n o w

spre a d " e x p l o s i v e l y " t o a t le a s t 25 c o u n trie s . T h e e m e rg e n c y ( 3 )

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w i ll h e lp th e W H O t o ra m p up

re se arch a n d org a n is e in t e rn a tio n a l ( 4 )

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t o c o m b a t t h e Aedes m o s q u ito e s t h a t spre a d t h e dise ase .

F rom t h e s e n s ibl e t o t h e a m bitio u s , h e re are s e v e n t a c tics co u n tri e s c o u ld c o n s id e r in t h e w ar o n m o s q u ito e s .

D o n

t g e t b it t e n

" E a si er s a id t h a n d o n e , " says C a m e ron W e b b , a m o s q u ito re s e arch er a t th e U ni v e rs ity o f S ydn e y , A u stra lia .

P e o ple n e e d t o c o v e r u p a n d spra y a ll ( 5 )

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skin w it h re p e ll e n t su ch as DEET. B ut m a n y p e o p l e c a n

a ffo rd re p e ll e nts a nd th o s e w h o ca n t e n d n o t t o a p p ly t h e m p ro p e rly , W e b b says. "If th e re

s a c h i n k in y o ur

a rm o u r, t h e y

ll fi n d it . "

D o n

t g e t p re g n a n t

S o m e c o u n tri e s are a d v isin g w o m e n t o p o s t p o n e pre g n a n cy . T h a t is m ore pra ctic a l f o r som e th a n o t h e rs

d u e t o t h e v a ryin g i n flu e n c e o f t h e C a th o lic C h u rch

s b a n o n a rtif ic i a l c o n tra c e p tio n . In Bra zil th e ( 6 )

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is w id e l y f lo u t e d , b u t e ls e w h ere c o n tra c e p tio n is less ( 7 )

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or a fford a b l e . In m o s t o f S o uth a n d C e ntra l

A m e ric a a b o rtio n is l e g a l o n l y in v e ry lim it e d circ u m s t a n c e s.

( 8 )

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m o s q u i t o e s

T h e v iru s is m a i n ly c a rri e d by A ed esd e g y p f / m o s q u it o e s , w h ic h liv e in urb a n areas. T h e y ( 9 )

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p o o ls o f s t a n d in g w a t e r in pl a ces su c h as p l a n t p o t s a uc ers a n d b lo c k e d g u t t e rs . T h e sp e cie s als o tra n s m it s

y e ll o w f e v e r, a n d in t h e 1960s se v eral S ou t h A m eric a n c o u n tri e s - in clu d in g Bra zil - a n n ih il a t e d i t b y s pra yin g

w it h D D T a n d u rg i n g h o u s e ho ld s t o g e t rid o f (1 0)

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sites. U n f o rt u n a t e ly t h e m o s q u it o e s

( 1 1 ) __________ in a f e w lo c a t io n s , a n d a ft e r t h e d e v e l o p m e n t o f a y e llo w f e v e r v a c cin e , c a m p a ig n s w e n t

( 1 2 )

______

a n d m o s q u it o n u m b ers incre a s e d ag a in. T h e str a t e g y w o u ld be h a rd er t o i m p le m e n t t o d a y as

D D T is w id e ly b a n n e d a n d t h e y h a v e g ro w n ( 1 3 )

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t o o t h e r i n s e c ticid e s, b u t i t is n o t im po s s ib l e .

M o d if y m o s q u it o e s

As t h e m o s q u ito e s t h a t c a rry Zik a also tra n s m it t h e p o t e n ti a lly ( 1 4 )

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d e n g u e f e v e r, t h e r e are

a lre a d y hig h -t e c h e ra d i c a tio n m e t h o d s in th e w orks. T he m o s t a d v a n c e d i n v o lv e s m a k i n g g e n e t ic a ll y m o d ifi e d

m o s q u ito e s d i e f ro m l arv a st a g e . T his re q u ire s re g u l a r rel e ases o f G M m ale s t o re d u c e t h e p o p u l a ti o n . ( O nly

f e m a l e s bit e p e o p l e .) In a r e c e nt t ri a l in Bra zil, t h e n u m b e r o f n a tiv e m o s q u ito e s s h ru n k b y 95 p e r c e nt w i t h in six

m o n t h s . T h e re is w i d e ( 1 5 )

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w it h G M a nim a ls in so m e c o u n trie s b u t Z ik a c o u ld ch a n g e t h in g s . "T his

c o u ld b e t h e k ill e r a p p f o r G M O s, " says A n th o n y W ilso n o f t h e P irb rig h t In s t itu t e in W o kin g , UK.

( 1 6 )

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b a c t e ri a

T h is a p pro a c h w o u ld n o t w ip e o u t m o s q u ito e s b u t c o u ld m a k e t h e m ( 1 7 )

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t o p ass o n Z ika. T he

m o s q u it o

s a b ili t y t o t r a n s m it t h e d e n g u e v iru s is c u t i f t h e ins e ct is also in f e c t e d w it h a b a c t e riu m c a lled

Wofbachia. It

s lik e ly t h a t Wolbachia also b locks Z ik a , says W e b b . T h e s e b a c t e ri a are n a t ura ll y p re s e nt in n e arly

t w o -t h ird s of all ins e cts, in c l u d i n g s o m e m o s q u it o e s, t h o u g h n o t A. a egypti. T rials w i t h t h e spe ci e s h a v e s h o w n

in f e c t io n spre a d s f a s t a m o n g lo c a l ins e cts. " T h e m o d ifi e d m o s q u ito e s fin d a ll th o s e o t h e r in s e cts h i d d e n a w a y

t h a t h u m a n s h a v e a h a rd t i m e f in d i n g - t h e y d o t h e w o rk fo r yo u , " says W e b b .

G e n e d riv e

If w e c o u ld w o rk o u t a w a y t o g e n e ti c a lly a lt e r m o s q u it o e s so t h e y are re sis t a n t t o c a rryin g Zika , w e c o u ld

spre a d t h a t re sist a nce . In a m e t h o d k n o w n as a g e n e d riv e , t h e inse ct s are g iv e n D N A t h a t is passe d on t o all o f

t h e ir ( 1 8 )

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, n o t ju s t h alf, as w it h c o n v e ntio n a l re p ro d u c t io n . T h e t e c h n i q u e has a lre a d y b e e n u se d t o

spre a d re sist a n c e t o t h e m alari a p a ra sit e in a d i f f e re n t m o s q u it o s pecies, a lt h o u g h t h e r e is c o n c e rn a b o u t t a kin g

such a(n) ( 1 9 )

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st e p.

M a k e a v a c cin e

W e h a v e a he a d st a rt h ere , as Z ika is c los e ly re l a t e d t o t w o viru s e s f o r w hic h v a ccin e s are a lre a d y in

d e v e lo p m e n t , says A n t h o n y F auci o f t h e US N a tio n a l In s titu t e s o f H e alth . A D N A-b a s e d v a c cin e f o r W e st Nil e

virus c o u ld be a lt e re d t o ( 2 0 )

____________

Zik a g e n e s. A n d a liv e d e n g u e v a c c in e has a lre a d y re a c h e d larg e -scale

tri a ls, so a s im ila r a ppro a c h w ill be tri e d f o r Zika.

Use t h e w o rd g iv e n in c a p it a ls t o f o rm a w o r d t h a t fit s in t h e c o rre s p o n d i n g s p a c e .

L ist e n a n d c h e ck y o u r a n s w ers.

T H E S O U T H C H IN A S EA: S U N N Y L A N D S A N D C L O U D Y W AT E R S

C hi na

s bu llying in th e S outh China Sea m ust n o t be allow e d t o pa y o ff

T h a t C h in a h a s l i f t e d s o m a n y o u t o f p o v e r t y a n d b e c o m e s o p o w e rf u l so q u i c k l y is

r e m a r k a b l e . N o le s s r e m a rk a b l e is h o w A m e ric a , t h e i n c u m b e n t (1) (P O W E R), h a s

m o s t l y t r e a t e d C h in a

s ris e le ss a s a t h r e a t t h a n a n o p p o r t u n i t y . H o w e v e r, in t h e S o u t h C h i n a S e a ,

t h r o u g h w h i c h a b o u t 3 0 % o f t h e w o r l d

s t r a d e p a s s e s , C h i n a ris k s j e o p a r d i s i n g t h i s b e n i g n

a rr a n g e m e n t . Its b e h a v i o u r t h e r e d i s d a in s i n t e r n a t i o n a l l a w , s c a re s it s n e ig h b o u rs a n d h e i g h t e n s

t h e d a n g e r o f c o n f l i c t w i t h s o m e o f t h e m a n d w i t h A m e ric a it s e lf . R e c a llin g it s o w n s lo g a n s a b o u t

s t a b i l i t y a n d p e a c e , i t s h o u l d b a c k o f f .

T h e l a t e s t p r o v o c a t i o n is t h e a p p a r e n t i n s t a l l a t i o n o n W o o d y Is l a n d i n t h e P a ra c e l

a r c h i p e l a g o , s o u t h o f H a in a n , o f t w o l a u n c h b a t t e ri e s f o r s u rf a c e - t o - a i r m i s s il e s . C h in a h a s n o t

c l e a rl y d e n i e d t h is d a n g e ro u s m i l i t a r y e s c a l a t i o n , t a l k i n g i n s t e a d o f i t s r i g h t t o " l i m i t e d a n d

n e c e s s a ry s e lf-d e f e n c e f a c i lit i e s " . T h e P a ra c e ls a re a l s o c l a im e d b y V i e t n a m a n d T a i w a n . C h in a

in s i s t s t h a t v i r t u a l l y a ll t h e s e a b e l o n g s t o it, c i t i n g h is t o ri c a l (2 )

____________

(CRYPT).

It h a s b e e n b u i l d i n g ( 3 )

____________

(F R A N TIC ) in t h e S p ra t l y i s l a n d s , t o t h e s o u t h , c r e a t i n g

a rt i f i c i a l l a n d o n ro c k s a n d re e fs a ls o c l a i m e d b y t h e P h il i p p i n e s , T a iw a n a n d V i e t n a m . T h e

c o n s t r u c t i o n , l i k e t h e m is s il e s , f l o u t s t h e s p i ri t o f a d e c l a r a t i o n C h in a s i g n e d in 2 0 0 2 w i t h t h e

A s s o c i a t i o n o f S o u t h - E a s t A s i a n N a t i o n s (A S E A N ), i n w h i c h t h e p a r t i e s p ro m i s e d t o " e x e rc is e

( 4 )

___________

(ST R AIN)" in t h e s e a. C h in a h a s a ls o r e f u s e d t o a c c e p t t h e j u ri s d i c t i o n o f a t r i b u n a l

i n T h e H a g u e w h i c h is a d j u d i c a t i n g a c a s e o n it s c l a im s b r o u g h t b y t h e P h i l i p p i n e s u n d e r t h e U N

C o n v e n t i o n o n t h e L a w o f t h e S e a . If, as s e e m s li k e l y , t h e t r i b u n a l l a t e r t h is y e a r f i n d s i n t h e

P h i l i p p i n e s

f a v o u r o n s o m e c o u n ts , C h in a w i l l i g n o r e it . T h is is n o t t h e g l o b a l " r e s p o n s i b l e

( 5 )

___________

(S T AK E)" t h a t A m e ric a h a d h o p e d C h in a w o u l d b e c o m e .

T w o f a c t o rs m a y h a v e p r o m p t e d C h in a t o d e p l o y m is si l e s . N e w s o f t h e m c a m e a s B a r a c k

O b a m a w a s p l a y i n g h o s t a t t h e S u n n y l a n d s r a n c h i n C a l i f o rn i a t o a (n ) ( 6 )

____________

(PRE C E D E)

s u m m i t o f l e a d e rs f r o m a il t e n A S E A N m e m b e rs , f o u r o f w h i c h d i s p u t e l a n d f e a t u r e s i n t h e s e a w i t h

C h in a . T h e s u m m i t w a s i n t e n d e d in p a r t t o s h o w A m e r ic a

s s o l i d a r i t y w i t h t h e m . C h in a s e e s t h i s as

a ru s e t o ( 7 ) _____________(B O LD) it s n e i g h b o u r s t o s t a n d u p t o it, a n d so as p a rt o f a b r o a d e r

A m e ri c a n s t r a t e g y t o c o n t a i n it.

S e c o n d , A m e ri c a l a t e l a s t y e a r r e s u m e d " f r e e d o m o f n a v i g a t i o n " o p e r a t i o n s i n t h e S o u t h

C h in a S e a, t w i c e s e n d in g w a r s h ip s t o s a il t h r o u g h w a t e rs c l a i m e d b y C h in a . T h i s s e e m e d a (n)

( 8 )

____________

(LAT E) a t t e m p t t o s h o w t h a t , w h o e v e r o w n s t h e s p e c k s o f l a n d a n d ro c k i n t h e s e a ,

m o s t o f i t s w a t e r s u n d e r i n t e rn a t i o n a l l a w b e l o n g t o n o c o u n t r y a n d a r e o p e n t o n a v i g a t i o n o f a ll

t y p e s . R e g r e t t a b ly A m e ri c a h a s m u d d i e d t h i s m e s s a g e , b y c o n f ir m i n g t h a t b o t h o p e r a t i o n s w e r e

c o n d u c t e d a s " i n n o c e n t p a s s a g e " , ie , u n d e r a p r o v i s i o n o f t h e L a w o f t h e S e a a l l o w i n g e v e n

w a rs h i p s t o s ail (9)

____________

(THR E AT) t h r o u g h a n o t h e r c o u n t r y

s t e rr i t o ri a l w a t e r s . C h i n a

s e e m s t o f i n d t h e e x e rc is e s p ro v o c a t i v e e n o u g h t o t r y t o d e t e r A m e ri c a f r o m f u r t h e r s o rt i e s - o r

p e r h a p s t h e y p r o v i d e a u s e f u l (1 0 )

____________

(T E XT).

T h e c a m p a ig n se ason

C h in a m a y c a l c u l a t e t h a t n o w is t h e t i m e , i n t h e f i n a l m o n t h s o f a n A m e ri c a n p r e s i d e n c y it

s e e s as w e a k a n d a v e rs e t o (1 1 )_____________(F R O N T), t o c r e a t e f a c t s in t h e w a t e r t h a t w i l l g iv e i t

a (n ) ( 1 2 )

_____________

(VERSE) g r i p o n t h e s e a . S o r a t h e r t h a n y i e l d t o C h in e s e ( 1 3 )

____________

(TIMID), A m e ri c a s h o u ld c o n t i n u e t o a s s e rt t h e f r e e d o m o f n a v i g a t i o n a n d (1 4 )

_____________

(FLY),

a n d d o s o l e ss a m b ig u o u s l y . It s f r i e n d s i n t h e r e g i o n , h a b i t u a l l y s c a re d o f u p s e t t i n g C h i n a , s h o u l d

g iv e i t m o r e ( 1 5 )_____________(T H R O AT) s u p p o r t . It is i n n o n e o f t h e i r i n t e re s t s t o s e e t h e S o u t h

C h in a S e a , w i t h it s i m p o r t a n t s h i p p i n g la n e s , b e c o m e a S o u t h C h i n a L a k e .

S u p ple m e n t a ry Practice 1

Use t h e w o rd giv e n in c a p it a ls a t th e e n d o f e a ch s e nt e n c e t o fo rm a w o rd t h a t f it s in t h e

c o rre s p o n d in g space.

1 T h e

_____________

, s h o u l d it n o t b e fix e d by a gre e m e n t, sh a ll be s e t tl e d by a rb i tra ti o n .

(D A M A G E )

2 T h e y are o n t h e

_____________

bl a c k w a t e rs o f t h e la k e (m o st o f V o y a g er

s o b s e rv a t io n s w e re on

th e s u n lit side), a n d are in t h e s a m e re g io n as spo k e s t h a t h a ve pre vio u s ly b e e n o bs e rv e d .

(LIG H T)

3 Inspire d b y T h e o d oru s

s w ork s o n

____________

, he c a m e u p w it h a n e w th e ory . (M E A S U R E )

4 T h e n u m b e r o f b u ff a lo e s b orn th is y e a r w a s r e port e d t o b e lo w f o llo w i n g t w o f e e din g

se a sons w h ic h w ere s h o rt e n e d b y

_____________

c o ld w in t e rs w it h e xt e nsiv e ic e cov era g e .

(N O RM)

5 M o s t

_____________

can be c orre ct e d by e x tra c tio n s a n d re m o v a b l e a p p li a n c e t h e ra p y.

(O C C LU D E )

6 A (n )

_____________

w in d h a ilin g , t h e b re a thle s s vo id o f t h e se a w as w a n t o n ly ro u s t e d o u t.

(O M E N)

7 His s e lf-a s s ura n c e in his o w n rig h t n e s s a pp e ars t o b e

____________

c o m p l e te . (P R E G N A N T )

8 A n y ca se o f

____________

s h o u l d be m o n it o re d d u rin g t h e d e liv e ry e pisod e in ca se it ca use s

o b s tru c t i o n . (P R E S E N T)

9 T h e p l a in tif f do e s n o t s u b m it t h a t t h e c o n d u c t i s

_____________

o t h erw is e t h a n u n d e r t h e la w .

(P U G N A C IO U S )

10 T h ere w o u l d b e a fix e d lis t o f re l a tio n s h ip s cov e re d b y th e s t a tu t o ry d u t y o f care, c r e a tin g

a (n )

_____________

p r e s u m p t io n t h a t th e re w a s a clo s e t i e o f lov e a n d a ff e c t i o n . (R E B U T)

11 B e sid e s M a ry, m ost o f h e r fri e nd s w ere m e n , so she d i d n

t w a n t t o b e

_____________

fro m h e r

clos e st a c q u a int a n c e s . (S E P A R A T E )

12 W e re c o m m e n d t h a t y o u a v o id e x c e ssiv e ly cle a n i n g y o u r sw e a t e r, sinc e t h a t m i g h t le a d t o

_____________

a n d t h e b re a k i n g d o w n o f so m e m a t e ria ls. (S H A P E )

13 W h e n w e st a n d , v e ins are p a rtic u l a rly s u s c e p tib l e t o gra vit a ti o n a l stress d u e t o t h e ir

____________

, a n d b lo o d

p o o ls

in d e p e n d e n t v e in s. (T E N D E R)

14 T h e

____________

o f th e K ing i n t e rru p t e d t h e c o m p l e tio n o f th e pro j e ct. (T H R O N E )

15 M a n y o f t h e

____________

are m ig ra n t w o rk e rs w h o le a ve p o v e rt y in th e c o u n try s i d e t o se e k

in f o rm a l f a ct o ry jo b s in co a st a l b o o m t o w n s . (U NIT E )

16 R e sults re p re s e nt a p ro m is i n g b e g i n n i n g f o r th e p o t e n t i a l o f a c e ll-b a s e d t h e r a p y t o re p air

a t e a r in t h e

____________

in n e r t h ird o f t h e m e nis cus . (V E S S E L)

17 T h e pre s e n c e o f gla ss 4 b i llio n ye ars o ld o n t h e M o o n e l u c id a t e s w a t e r is e ss e n tia l t o th e ra t e

o f _____________. (VIT R E O U S)

18 A l t h o u g h _____________, a eroso ls m a y b e in h a le d . (V O LA T IL E )

19 T h a t t h e y a r e

____________

f a m ili a r is w h y m o d e rn h u m o ur re p e ls a u die n c e . (W A R R A N T)

2 0 L ist e n ers m i g h t f i n d s o m e b rilli a n t m e l o die s u n d ern e a t h t h e m ess, b u t t h e m usic w a s b urie d

u n d e r l a yers u p o n la y ers o f nois e , cre a tin g an a lb u m t h a t

_____________

e x p e rim e n t a l. (YIE L D )

Use t h e s t e m giv e n in t h e b o x a nd a suit a b le c o m b in a tio n f orm no-, f o r- o r fre e - t o f o rm a

w o rd t h a t fit s in e ach space.

A C C O UN T

BRAIN

HOPE

RANG E

SPIRIT

ASS O CIA T E

G O K N O C K

SENSE T HIN K

BEAR

H A N D

L O A D

SP E AK WIN

1 B e h in d h is m a g n i f i c e n t

_______________

a n d c a re le s s d i s re g a rd f o r m o n e y w e r e h a rd , p r a c t i c a l

j u d g m e n t , im a g i n a t i o n a n d v i s io n , a n d t h e d a r i n g o f t h e b i g g a m b l e r.

2 C o n d u c t i n g

______________

s e a rc h e s in c o m p u t e r c ri m e c a s e s is o c c a s io n a l l y a m u s t f o r a g e n t s

as t e c h n i c a l l y a d e p t s u s p e c t s m a y

h o t w i r e

t h e i r c o m p u t e r s in a n e f f o r t t o d e s t r o y e v i d e n c e .

3 S u c h a s c e n a ri o w i l l p u t t h e b a n k in a ( n )

_______________

s it u a t i o n b e c a u s e it w i l l u n d o u b t e d l y

c o m e in f o r s o m e f i e r c e c ri t i c i s m f r o m s u p p o r t e r s o f i n d i v i d u a l c l u b s .

4 G o o d t e a m s l i k e A r s e n a l a n d M a n c h e s t e r U n i t e d d i d n o t h a v e t o w a s t e t h e ir t i m e p l a y i n g

a b s o l u t e

_______________

in t h e f ir s t r o u n d .

5 T ra i n in g s h o uld b e a n e xercis e in t h e m i n d -b o d y c o n n e c t io n , a n d it

s a b it d iff ic u lt t o d o

w h e n y o u r w ork o u t s a r e

____________

6 H e is a h a rd-n o s e d ,

_____________

co a ch w h o cares l i t tl e f o r g lit z a n d m ore fo r gu ts.

7 N o t h i n g s e e ms so c orrosiv e o f socia l w e lf a re as t h e s ense t h a t p e o p l e in sim il ar

circ u m s t a n c e s a r e

_____________

a t w ork a n d o n b e n e fit.

8 O rg a n ic pro d u c e rs o f t e n rais e t h e ir c h ick e ns u n d e r

___

c o n d it i o n s t h a t is a ll o w e d

t o ro a m o u t s id e c a g es o r o t h e r c o n f i n e d are as.

9 R elief o f p a in m ust b e b a la n c e d b y o u r u n d e rs t a n d in g o f t h e m ora l e d u c a tio n w h ic h illn e s s

can s u p p ly , e v o k in g c o u r a g e ,

_____________

a n d p a tie n c e .

10 I c o u ld n

t do t h a t n o w as m y bra in is n

t a bl e t o

_____________

as w ild ly as it co u ld t h e n .

11 N ot in a n e g a tiv e w ay, b u t in t h e sense t h a t she

s a l m o s t r e d u c e d it t o th e st a tus o f a(n)

irrit a tio n .

12 T h e b ro t h e r is irre s p o n s ible , m ore o p e n -m i n d e d a n d _____________t h a n his sister, b u t tra p p e d

in a k in d o f e n dle ss re a c t io n a g a inst t h e c o n f i n e m e n t o f his u p b rin g in g .

13 T h e p ro b l e m w it h t h e h e a lt h care d e b a t e is t h a t s o m e h o w , in st e a d o f t h e cre a tiv e fo rc e s o f

____________

in d iv id u a ls , th e g o v e rn m e n t ha s b e c o m e t h e c e ntra l a g e n t o f l e a d e rs hip .

14 T h e y m i g h t as w e ll h a v e p o s t p o n e d w e d d in g s or h a v in g c h il d re n , pl a ns t o g o t o c o ll e g e , a n d

____________

t a k i n g c iv ili a n j o b s .

15 W ith h e r

____________

a p p ro a c h t o life , S a ndy i s p ro lific a n d is e q u a lly a d e p t w it h a p e n c il o r a

p a in t b ru s h in h e r h a n d .

Use t h e w o rd giv e n in c a pita ls t o f orm a w ord t h a t f i t s in t h e c o rre s p o n d in g sp ace .

In 1900, w e k n e w o u r pl a ce . S inc e t h e n, o rd i n a ry p e o p l e h a v e le arnt t o ( 1 )

_____________

(L A B O U R ) in c o m m o n cause, a nd no lo n g e r d o p a rli a m e nt s a n d p ala c e s ( 2 ) ______________(P O L E )

p o litic s . T h e t w e n ti e t h c e n t ury w a s th e c e n t u ry o f t h e a c tivis t , w h e n p o litic a l i n it i a t i v e p a ss e d t o

t h e stre e ts a n d f a ctorie s . F lashe s o f p o p u l a r in v o l v e m e n t ha d e x ist e d in pre v io u s eras b u t o n ly in

( 3 )

____________

(S C RIPT) o r s h o rt-li v e d f o rm s . B u t b y 1 900 t h e s pre a d o f in d u s try, i d e o lo g y a n d

v o t i n g it s e lf h a d ( 4 )

____________

(G E N D E R) t h e d e m o c r a t i s a t i o n n ot o n ly o f f orm s o f g o v e rn m e n t ,

b u t a lso o f p a rtic ip a tio n in t h e p o litic a l proc e ss.

In Brit a in, th e s u f fra g e tt e s ( 5 )

____________

(C A P S U L E ) t h is ch a n g e . T h e ir stru g g l e f o r vo t e s

f o r w o m e n in v o lv e d ( 6 )

____________

(P R O C E E D) - fro m ( 7 )

____________

(W A L K ) a nd ( 8 )

_____________

(V O C A TIV E ) t o a cts o f ( 9 )

_____________

(SA C R E D) a n d c ivil ( 1 0 )

_____________

(O B E Y) - t h a t r e m a in a

t e m p l a t e f o r mass c a m p a ig n in g t o th i s d a y. B ut a c t ivism w a s m ore t h a n a ny th i n g , a c re a t i o n o f t h e

w o rkin g -c l a s s m o v e m e n t w h o s e p o w e r ( 1 1 )

_____________

(LIF E) in t h e ye ars a ro u n d t h e F irs t W o rld

W ar. By t h e 1930s, m illio n s across t h e w o rld h a d jo in e d a n e t w o rk o f tra d e u n ions, c o -o p s , w o rk e rs

lib ra ri e s a nd soci a list o r c o m m u n is t p a rti e s . A t th e s a m e tim e , H it l e r a n d M uss o lin i h a d f a s h io n e d

a n in v e rt e d ( 1 2 )

_____________

(V E S T) o f t h e s e m o v e m e n t s w it h t h e ir o w n m ass p arties, w o m e n

y o u t h a n d l a b o u r o rg a n is a t io n s . T h e ( 1 3 )

_____________

(L E F T) a c tiv ists l a t e r p la y e d an im p o rt a n t

ro l e in t h e a rm e d (1 4 )

_____________

(G R O U N D) m o v e m e n t s in N a z i-o c c u p ie d E urop e .

T h e i m m e di a t e p o lit i c a l i m p a c t o f 1968, t h e 20th c e ntury

s u ltim a t e y e a r o f a c tivis m , w a s less

(1 5) (N O T E ) t h a n t h e w i d e r sp iri t o f (1 6 )

_____________

(RIS E) it (1 7)

_____________

(F L A M E ) f o r a g e n e ra tio n . T h e c i v il-rig h ts a c t ivis m o f M a rtin L u th e r K in g a n d o t h e rs h a d a lre a d y

d e f e a t e d ra cist ( 1 8 )

____________

(G R E G A RIO U S) in t h e s o u th e rn US states. In t h e w a k e o f 1968,

c a m p a i g n s o n race, g e n d e r a nd th e e n v iro n m e n t ( 1 9 )

_____________

(C U M U L U S), w h il e t h e p e a ce

a n d ( 2 0 )

_____________

(N U C L E O U S) m o v e m e n t s p e a k e d (80s).

By t h e 1980s, a c t ivis m d ir e ct e d to w a rd s w id e r p o lit i c a l c h a n g e h a d b e g u n t o ( 2 1 )

___________

(G E N E ) as (2 2)

_____________

(S U R G E) m a rk e t i d e o lo g y s o u g h t t o c o n v in c e p e op l e t h e y w ere

co n s u m e rs f irs t , citiz e n s s e c o n d . D uri n g t h e 90s, p o litic a l a c t ivis m gre w e v e n w e a k e r a n d m ore

( 2 3 ) ______________(IN T E G R AL). N o w a d a y s t h e w o rd a ctivist has b e c o m e a t e rm o f a b u s e , e v en

w i t h in s o c i a l-d e m o cr a tic p a rtie s b u ilt on a ctiv ism . It re m a in s t o b e se e n i f onc e a g a in as so o f t e n

b e fore , p o li t ic s w ill b e c o m e a sp e cia lis e d (24)

_____________

(MIS SIO N ) re s e rve d f o r e lit e s , or

w h e t h e r f o rc in g th e g e n i e o f p o lit i c a l p a rtic ip a tio n b a c k in to th e b o t tl e w ill prov e t o b e a(n)

(2 5 ) (A T T A IN ) t a sk.

C hoos e th e su it a b l e w o rd fro m t h e b o x a n d s u p p ly its c o rre c t fo rm th a t f it s in e ach sp a ce.

BRIN G

F O O T NIG G E R PLAC E

T HIN K

C O R PUS H E A R T(x2) PART PRIOR

VIG O U R

D O C T O R

HIND E R PASS

RAPTURE

WAVE R

DRIF T

INTERPRE T P E C UNIA RY

SIG HT

W h a t m ake s B o b M a rl e y such an im p o rt a n t f i g u r e in p o p u l a r m usic? In f a ct, in m a n y

d e v e lo p in g co u n tri e s , h e is (1)

____________

as a re d e e m in g fig u re a n d a s y m bo l o f h o p e . To

u n d ers t a n d w h y t h is is, o n e n e e d s t o k n o w m or e a b o u t t h e m a n a nd his ( 2 )

____________

T his is w h e re t h e re c e nt d o c u m e nt a ry , Marley, f a s cin a t e s, ev e n if it do e s n o t ( 3 )

____________

all t h e i n f o rm a tio n . (4) _____________ a l o t o f p re v io u sly u n s e e n (5) - in t e rv i e w s,

p e rform a n c e s , re co rd in g s e ssion s - t h e f ilm provid e s a(n) (6)

____________

in t o th e m i n d a n d

m o t iv a tio n o f a m u si cia n w h o s e lif e w a s c u t ( 7 )

____________

short: M a rle y die d o f c a n c er in 1981

a g e d 36. His d if f i c u lt e n v iro n m e n t g ra d u a ll y ( 8 )

____________

h i m w i t h a k e e n s ense o f socia l ju stic e ,

w h ic h c a m e t o be e x pre s s e d in his m u sic. T h e f a ct t h a t he w a s o f m ix e d race le d him t o f e el

( 9 )

__________

. His f a t h e r w a s a w h it e J a m a ic a n w h o w o rk e d as a B ritish m a rin e offic e r; his m o th e r

w a s a bla ck J a m aic a n w h o h a d m a rri e d a t e ig h t e e n .

In t h e fi l m , his d a u g h t e r C e d e ll a t a lks a b o u t h er ( 1 0 )

_____________

t o g e ttin g her f a t h e r t o

n o t i c e h er. B u t n e it h e r sh e, n o r a n y o t h e rs in t h e f a m ily , has a b a d w ord t o say a b o u t him . T h e re is

n o sense t h a t h e d id n o t ha v e t im e f o r th e m ; s im ply t h a t h e w a s ( 1 1 )

____________

. M a rle y

s c a lli n g

w a s f irst a n d f o r e m o s t t o m u sic a n d its p o w e r t o e ff e ct c h a ng e .

W h il e th e m e s o f s o ci a l in ju s t i c e a n d (12)

_____________

in t h e sh a n t y t o w n s o f K i n g s t o n ,

J a m aica c h a ra c t e ris e e arly s o n g s lik e Trenchtown Rock a n d / Shot the Sheriff, it is t h e t h e m e o f

( 1 3 )

__________

p e rso n s t h a t is p r e v a le n t in la t er songs: E x odus a n d R e d e m p t io n S ong. W h e t h e r

t h e y de al w i t h i n e q u a lity o r dislo c a tio n , t h e y c o n t a i n th e (1 4)

____________

o f u n it y a nd lov e

ru n n in g t h ro u g h a l m o s t all his w ork . M arl e y h im s e lf h a d a(n) ( 1 5 )

____________

b e li e f t h a t ,

P e o p l e

w a n t t o list e n t o a m ess a g e . T h is c o u l d be p ass e d t h ro u g h m e or a n y b o d y. I am n o t a l e a d er, b u t a

m ess e ng e r.

T h e re w e re m a ny a tt e m p t s a t g e tt i n g h im (1 6)

____________

b y t ry i n g t o m a k e

( 1 7 )

_____________

a b o u t his w o rk s , b u t n o b o d y c o u ld sh a k e M arl e y

s ( 1 8 )

____________

st a tu s as a

s o n g w rit e r w h o s e song s c o m e f ro m t h e h e a rt a n d a p p e a l t o o t h e rs. B ut w h a t st a ys w it h y o u a f t e r

w a t c h i n g t h i s f ilm is t h e m a gic o f his p e rform a n c e s . T h e m usic s till so un d s as ( 1 9 )

____________

as it

w a s w h e n it w a s firs t re c o rd e d a n d M a rle y h im s e lf is ( 2 0 )

_____________

a nd lost in it, l i v in g e a ch

n o t e as h e spin s a n d ju m p s e cst a tic a lly a ro u n d t h e sta g e . E v e n a ft e r t w o and a h a lf h o urs o f th i s

d o c u m e n t a ry , y o u s till f e e l t h e r e a re m a n y q u e s tio n s unr e s o lv e d a b o u t t h is m a n w h o b e c a m e t h e

firs t T hird W orld su p erst a r. B ut is n

t t h a t t h e n a t ure o f gre a t p e o p l e w h o d i e y o u n g ? T h e y l e av e US

w a n t i n g m ore .

S u p p le m e n t a ry Practice 2

__________________

Use t h e w ord g iv e n in c a p it a ls a t t h e e nd o f e a ch s e n t e nc e t o f o rm a w o rd t h a t f i t s in t h e

c o rre sp o n d in g sp ace.

1 As re g a rds t h e p ro d u c tio n o f e n lig h t e n m e n t , t h e g a ins fro m e x p e rie n c e w i t h t h e proc e ss

s h o u ld c a n c e l o u t a ny p o t e n ti a l n e g a tiv e re p e rcussions o f

____________

. (B U R E A U)

2 C hin e s e h a v e a n u m b e r o f

_____________

a nd t e rrit o ri e s, m o s t o f w h ic h w ere a c q u ire d t h ro u g h

m ili t a ry co n q u e s t , m u c h as t h e y g e n e ra ll y d o n o t c o n s i d er t h e m s e lv e s a n im p eria l o r c o lo n i a l

p o w e r. (W E ALT H)

3 C o u n t y

_____________

o f t o w n s h i p s a n d m u n icip a litie s w o u l d b e co m e a p p o in t e d p o s itio n s

u n d e r t h e a m e n d m e n t . (M A Y O R)

4 D o m e sti c m ark e ts in V ie t n a m s uff e r f ro m a (n )

_____________

o f resource s lo w e rin g

c o n s u m p t i o n and st a n d a rd s o f livin g , w a stin g h u m a n t a l e n ts , a nd l e a vi n g m a n y p o t e n t ia l

p ro d u c t i v i t y g a ins u n re a lis e d . (LO C AT E)

5 He w a s n o t o rio u s f o r h i s

_____________

d irt y tri c k s w h e n d e a lin g w it h p e o p l e w h o f a il e d t o t o e

his lin e . (STATE)

a d m i n is tr a ti o n

6 It is e n v is a g e d t h e d ra ft b e in g s u b m itt e d t o d a y w il l m a k e f o r a(n)

fre e o f such p o t e n t i a l p ro b l e m s . (C O RRUP T)

7 M a n a g in g a n d p ro m o t i n g t h i s

_____________

pro g ra m w i t h f a c u lt y fro m f o ur d e p a rt m e n t s

n e e d e d an a c a d e m ic p a r a d i g m s h ift . (D E P ART)

8 M u ch o f th e t im e local rul ers w e re m ore or less fre e fro m t h e ru l e o f kings: t h e y w e re

b u t t h e y w ere n o t f u l l y i n d e p e n d e n t e it h er. (AU T O)

9 O n a c c o u n t o f t h e h i g h e r nu m b e rs , t h e p o li c y w ill p ro m o t e b e t t e r use o f th e y o u th c e n tre s by

a t tra c t i n g m ore p e op l e a nd w ill b e

____________

. (P O LIC E)

10 R ec e nt s t u die s s h o w t h a t w o m e n in t h e tri b e m a in t a i n clo s e b o n d s w ith t h e ir f a m ily o f o ri g i n

n o t w i t h s t a n d i n g it is p r e d o m i n a n tly _____________. (PATE R)

11 T h e e m p ir e e v e ntu a lly w e a k e n e d d u e t o larg e -sc a l e c o rru p t i o n a n d n e p otis m ,

________

a n d m isru l e . (TAX)

12 T h e loc a l m e m b e r o f p a rlia m e n t p e rs u a d e d t h e

_____________

o f st at e for h e a lt h in t h e H ou s e

o f Lord s t h a t a g o v e rn m e n t i n q u iry w a s re q u ire d f o ll o w in g o t h e r p a re nts h a d m a d e s im il a r

a ll e g a tio n s . (SE CRET)

13 T h e p a rt y has n o t tri e d t o disg uis e its n e w

_____________

a p p ro a c h , w h i c h is c a u sing un e a s e

a m o n g p arty ra dic a ls a n d o l d -s t y le soci al d e m o c ra t s. (R E G ULATE)

14 V ie t n a m e s e v o w n o t t o in v o k e n a tio n a l s e c u rit y

_____________

t o d is crim in a t e a g a i n s t C h in e s e

p ro d u c t s . (O PT)

15 W a rtim e c o n d itio n s a lso spurre d l a rg e-s c a l e

_____________

o f m a n y n a tiv e m o u n t a i n r e s i d e nts

t o s e c ure w a r-i n d u s try e m p lo y m e n t in suc h citi e s as D a n a n g , S a igon, a nd H a noi. (M I G R A T E )

C hoos e t h e s u it a b l e w o rd fro m t h e b o x a nd s u p p l y its corre c t f o rm t h a t fit s in e a c h sp ace.

A NIM O SIT Y

CIVIC D O P A RLIAM E N T

TITLE

BR EAK

C O U N CIL FARE R O O T

TYPE

1 A n y s ig n ific a nt tra n s f orm a t io n o f a n e n li g h t e n e d s o cie ty w ill h a v e t o b e g in w i t h t h e

____________

o f a ll t h e social re l a tio n s h ip s a n d s tru c t u re s t h a t re s ult e d fro m p l a n t a tio n

e xist e n c e .

2 B oring as t h e sp e e ch is, t h a t s o rt o f a ll e g a t i o n m a d e b y a M in i s t e r i s

____________

a n d h e

s h o u ld b e re qu ir e d t o w ith d r a w a n d a p o lo g is e .

3 E xp e rie n c e t e n d s t o be m ore v iv id a t m e d iu m le v els a n d m o r e

_____________

a t d e e p l e v e ls,

w h e th e r it is h y p n o sis o r m e d it a tio n .

4 M a sses o f t h e

_____________

m a y e n t e r i n t o q u a s i-f e u d a l soci a l r e l a tio n s w it h th o s e w h o o w n

l a n d in e x c h a n g e f o r f o o d a nd p h y sic a l s e c urity.

5 S t ate s h a v e a d ju s t e d th e ir re d is tri b u t iv e f u n c tio n s , c u t t in g b a ck social pro g ra m s t o re du c e

_____________

a n d d e p e n d e n c e o n t h e p u b lic purs e .

6 T h e c o m m is s io n h as l e ft w it h n u m e ro u s p e ti t i o n s o u t o f w h ic h a t l e a st 100 are f o r

p a rli a m e n t a ry c a n d id a te s a n d 400 o th e rs i n v o l v e

_____________

a sp ira nts .

7 T h e tr a n s i e n t p a rti e s are u su a lly f o rm e d fro m a (n )

_____________

fro m t h e t w o m a in p a rti e s a n d

are a re spons e t o t h e policie s t h a t t h e y m i g h t b e s u p p ortin g a t a n a t io n a l l e v el.

8 T h e re are no j a rrin g n ot e s in t h e c a s tin g m ix w h a t w i t h th e s c rip t b e in g w i s e l y a v o id e d

w ri t in g t h e m a s

_____________

C hin e s e .

9 W e d o lot s o f b a d t h i n g s e v e ry d a y, b u t t o s u p p o s e all s u c h

_____________

s h o u l d be ill e g a l is

sure ly t o g ra n t t o o m u c h t o t h e law.

10 W h e n p o lit e n e ss is a ll w e h a v e c o n n e c t i n g US t o o t h e rs ,

_____________

t a k e s o n an e x a g g e ra t e d

sig n ific a n c e .

Use t h e w ord g iv e n in c a pit a ls t o f o rm a w ord t h a t fit s in t h e corre s p o n d in g sp a c e .

M o s t o f o u r m a in (1)

_____________

(P O LIS) in t h e W e st are n o w d iv e rs e places. H o w e v e r, m a n y

a sylu m s e e kers c o m e fro m fa r less ( 2 )

____________

(RA C E) p a rts o f t h e w orl d , a n d it c a n be a

c u lt u r e sh o c k fo r th e m w h e n t h e y a rriv e in t h e ir ( 3 )_____________(ST O P) hom es. G e n u in e a sylu m

se ekers are fl e e in g a t h re a t t o t h e ir lif e a n d s h o u ld b e a f f o rd e d all t h e a ssist a n c e a nd

( 4 )

_______________

(D A M A G E ) t h e s t a t e c a n p ro v id e o n c e t h e ir st a t u s has b e e n ( 5 )

____________

(H O L E) a n d asylu m g ra n t e d . T his e xt e n d s as f ar as h e lp i n g t h e n c o p e w it h t h e ( 6 )

___________

(SIMIL E ) proce ss, o n e o f t h e m o s t i m m e d i a t e b a rri e rs t o s u cc e s sfu lly e m b ra c i n g t h e l a n g u a g e . B ut

t h e r e are o t h e r f a c tors w h i c h c a n also m a k e ( 7 )____________(G R E G A RIO US) d if f i c u lt . M a n y a s y lu m

se e kers c a rry t h e p hysi c a l a n d e m o t io n a l scars o f (8)

____________

(TR EAT). T h e y m a y also

( 9 )

_____________

(G O) a n i n f e rio rit y c o m p l e x o f sorts, a n d are ( 1 0 )_____________(C O M E) w it h t h e

p e rc e iv e d

s o p h is t ic a tio n

o f t h e ir n e w h o m e . O f course, t h e s t a t e

s firs t is t o pro v id e t h e m w it h

a d e q u a t e ( 1 1 )

_________

(E DIBLE), s u s t e n a n c e s h e lt e r a n d s a n it a t io n . M a n y m a y b e s u ff e rin g

fro m ( 1 2 )

_____________

(N U T RIE N T), or, a t w ors t , s t a rv a t io n . T h e e ff e cts o f sl e e p d e priv a tio n m a y

also be a c o n c e rn if t h e ir re c e n t p a st has b e e n p a rtic u l a rly (1 3 )

____________

(H E ART) a n d e v e n t f u l .

B ut, o f c o urs e , t h e s e a re th e lu c k y o n e s - a t l e a st th e y g e t t o re m a in in t h e ir a d o p t e d hom e s . If an

a sylum a p p lic a tio n is re j e ct e d , t h e n t h e a p p lic a n t faces d e p o rt a tio n b a ck t o t h e ir c o u n t ry o f ori g in .

S o m e t im e s, th o s e s e e kin g a s y lum k n o w t h e ir cla im w ill b e re j e ct e d b u t g o t h ro u g h t h e proc e s s

n o n e t h e l e ss o u t o f sh e er d e s p e ra ti o n in t h e h o p e t h a t it can b u y t h e m t i m e t o f i n d som e o t h e r w a y

t o st a y in t h e c o u n t ry w h i c h som e m a n a g e t o d o , o f t e n (1 4 )

____________

(LICIT). B ut ju s t b e c a us e a

ca se is re j e c t e d , t h a t is n o t t o sa y t h a t t h e (1 5 )

_____________

(DIVID E) c o n c e rn e d w i ll n o t f a c e

s e riou s re p e rcu s s ion s t i f t h e y re t u rn h o m e . F or so m e , t h e d o o r t o t h e W e st is a t a n t a lis i n g j a r

( 1 6 )

___________

(G A P E), b u t n o t e n o u g h t o g a in e n try . In st e a d , t h e y m a y b e f a c e d w i t h t h e

(17)

____________

(H E A RT) re a litie s o f f a m in e a n d s t a rv a ti o n , p o lit ic a l c o rru p t i o n a n d

(1 8 )

___________

(D E AL) o r socia l in e q u it y b a c k in t h e ir (1 9 )

____________

(C H TH O NIC) ho m e s. T h e

g rim re a liti e s o f ( 2 0 )

_____________

(P O V E R T Y) a n d lif e o n t h e v e ry m a rg in s are all t h a t a w a it th e

m o s t tra g ic cas es o f th e re j e ct e d .

 f R C hoose t h e s u it a b l e w o rd fro m th e b o x a n d s u p p l y its corre ct f orm t h a t fit s in e a ch space.

A C T

BURSA

C O N CILIAT E

HEAVE PLAY

AUST ER E

CARRY

CRY

H O LD

RETRO

B AIL

C ASH

FAC E

LA N D

SOLE

B E N E FIT

C E D E(x2)

G RATIT U D E

MIN E

TAK E

B O LD C OMPLY

H E A D NERVE

A t t h e h e ig h t o f t h e e uro-z o n e crisis in 2 0 1 1-2 0 1 2 , g o v ern m e n t s in G re e c e , S p ain a n d o t h e r

( I )

___________

c o u n tri e s w e re giv e n e n o rm o u s ( 2 )

_____________

in e xch a n g e f o r ( 3 )

_____________

t o

( 4 ) ______________re f o rm s a n d ( 5 ) _______________th e m s e lv e s t o p a in f u l a u s t e rit y . A f e w y e ars la t e r,

( 6 ) ______________has b e en m a d e , b u t v o t e rs in t h o s e c o u n tri e s are g ro w in g ( 7 )

______________

b y

e c o n o m ic (8)

__________

. In J a n u ary a ra dic a l l e f t-w in g p a rt y w o n e l e ctio n s in G re ec e b y \

p ro m is i n g a n e n d t o t h e p a in: S yriz a says it w ill w rit e o ff m o s t o f G re e c e

s $363 b illio n w o rt h o f

d e b t a n d d e f y f u rt h e r d e m a n d s f o r a u s t e rity . S om e in E uro p e have b e g u n t o f e ar t h a t S yri z a

(9)

______________

w i ll (1 0 ) sim il a r m o v e m e nts in o t h e r c o u n tri e s , f a t a lly

( I I )

____________

all t h a t has b e e n a c c o m plis h e d . P o d e m o s , a l e f t-w i n g ( 1 2 )

____________

p a rt y in

S p a in, h as p o s t e d h u g e g a ins in o p i n io n polls. A P o d e m o s g o v e rn m e n t c o u ld j o i n S yri z a -le d

G re e c e in ( 1 3 )

_____________

calls f o r m ore s a crific e . V ot e rs in It a l y a n d F ra nce m i g h t t h e n j o i n th e

( 1 4 )_____________. T h a t w o u ld sp e ll an e n d t o t h e e u ro a n d p e rh a p s t o t h e E.u. B ut th i s i s n

t lik e ly t o

h a p p e n . T h e tro ik a (E CB, EC, IM F) and G erm a n y , th e b ig g e s t ( 1 5 )

_____________

o f G re ek fi n a n c i a l

assist a nce, h a v e a g re a t d e al o f le v era g e . T h e y h a v e t h e m o n e y A th e n s n e e ds t o k e e p t h e l ig h t s on,

a nd fo r all o f S yriza

s d e m a n d s fo r (1 6 )

____________

, e v e ry o n e in v o lv e d k n o w s t h a t a b s e n t a

n e g o t i a t e d d e a l, G re e c e w i l l f a ll in t o ( 1 7 )

____________

, a n d its e c o n o m y w ill ( 1 8 )

_____________

P o llin g s u g g e sts G re ek vo t e rs w a n t a n e n d t o a u s t erity, b u t a(n) ( 1 9 )

____________

also w a nts t o

re m ain w it h in t h e E .u. a n d k e e p s th e e uro . Syriza w ill h a v e t o ca v e. P o d e m os is n o w t e llin g v o t e rs

w h a t t h e y w a n t t o he ar, b u t S yriz a

II d e m o n s tra t e th o s e th i n g s a re n

t tru e . S p a in

s u n e m p lo y m e n t

re m ain s w e ll a b o v e 20%, b u t t h e c o u n try

s e c o n o m y is n o w g ro w in g f a s t e r th a n t h e E uro p e a n

a v era g e . O n e le c t io n d a y th i s f a ll, f e w v o t e rs w ill w a n t t o im p o rt G re e k-styl e ( 2 0 )

_____________

T h a t

s g o o d n e w s f o r t h e f u tu r e o f t h e e uro z o n e . B u t t h e o v e r-t h e -to p d e m a n d s o f G re e c e

s n e w

le a d ers s u g g e s t th e y m i g h t n o t re c o g n is e t h a t t h e y

re f i g h tin g a lo s in g b a ttle . If S yriza

(2 1 )

__________

its h a nd, i t c o u ld g e n e ra t e e n o u g h scary h e a d li n e s t o p ro v o k e a n a tio n a l b a nk in g

crisis a h e a d o f criti c a l ( 2 2 )

_____________

t o t h e IM F a n d ECB. If t h e G e rm a ns a n d t h e tro ik a are t o o

( 2 3 )

_____________

t o o f f e r Syriza a(n) ( 2 4 )

______________

w a y t o ba ck d o w n , th e y c o u ld j o in Syriz a in

s t u m b lin g i n to a d e b t d e f a u lt t h a t w o u l d f o rc e G re e c e o u t o f b o t h th e e uro a n d th e u n i o n . O nc e

t h a t (2 5 )

_____________

is set, n o o n e kn o w s w h e re it m i g h t le a d.

S u ppl e m e nt a ry Pra ctice 3

Use t h e w o rd g i v e n in c a p it a ls a t t h e e n d o f e a c h s e n t e n c e t o f o rm a w o rd t h a t f i t s in t h e

c o rre s p o n d in g sp a c e .

1 Rick h as c h a m p i o n e d th e rig h t s a nd n e e d s o f t h e h o m ele ss a n d l o w -in c o m e t e n a n t s , t h e

f o rg o tt e n

___________

o f a cit y . (CLASS)

2 T h e o f f s p rin g , w e re he t o h a ve su c c e ed e d , w o u l d h a v e

_____________

his pre d e c e s sors, w h o

w a s f a m o u s l y d e s c ri b e d as c a p a b l e o f m a kin g s c i e n tific b re a k thro u g h s . (CLASS)

3 In v e stors m u st n e e d le g a l c e rt a i n t y re g a rd in g t h e t it l e t o p ro p e rt y b e f o re b u y i n g in a(n)

m ark e t . (E STA BLIS H)

4 O cc a sio n a lly, y o u n g w rit e rs a r e

_____________

a n d s p a re n o on e , w h e t h e r th e y are p o w e rf u l

p o litic a l fig ure s, p rim a d o n n a a ctresses o r in f l u e n ti a l a c tors. (E STA BLIS H)

5 A c o n t ra ct for an ill e g a l p u rp o s e i s

___________

re g ardl e s s o f w h e n th e s e ll e r le a rn s o f t h a t

p urp o s e . (F ORC E)

6 T h e C o m m itt e e h a v e t h e p o w e r t o c o -o p t m ore m e m b e rs , a nd m a y b e

_____________

b y

m e m b e rs o f th e c e n tra l a d m in i s tra ti o n b y i n v it a tio n as a p p ro pri a t e . (F O RC E)

7 O nce a g a in m a tt e r has dis a p p e are d , t h is t im e g i v in g w a y t o t h e

____________

o f

c o m m u n ic a t io n , w h e re e v e ry t h i n g is di s c o urs e a n d d isco urs e is e v e ry th i n g . (M A T E RIA L)

8 Joh n c o n n e c t s t h e p o s t m o d e rn o b s e ssio n w i t h t h e b o d y as a fo rm o f re a c tio n a nd re sist a n c e

t o th e f e l t

_____________

o f v irtu a l c u lt ure . (M A T E RIAL)

9 T h e p ro b l e m w it h ref ere e s is t h e e p ic s e lf-i m p o rt a n c e o f a f a irl y larg e m i n ority o f t h e m , t h e ir

s t r u t t i n g

____________

. (O F FIC E)

10 A (n )

_____________

h o l id a y sim il a r t o V a l e n tin e

s D a y is c e l e b ra t e d b y lovers a nd f ri e n d s on

M a rch I, w h e n a w h it e or red silk f l o w e r (o f t e n h a n d -m a d e ) is pre s e n t e d as an e xpre ss io n o f

lo v e . (O F FIC E)

11 M y p a re n t s f in d T V c o m m ercia ls n o w a d a y s

_____________

a n n o y i n g a nd o f t e n t rit e a n d

t a st e l ess , p a rtic u la rly th o s e a w f u l ads f o r m o t o rc a rs. (P O W E R)

12 T h e l a c k o f in f o rm a t i o n a b o u t a v a il a b l e b e n e fits a n d e xp l a n a t i o n f or m o n e y w i t h h e l d f ro m

m o n t h l y ch e q u e s l e d t o fru s tra t i o n a n d f e e lin g s o f

____________

. (P O W ER)

13 T h e y s tig m a t is e d V i e t n a m e s e im m ig ra n t s as a (n )

_____________

h o rd e o f crim in a ls , s lu m

d w e lle rs , lu n a tics , a nd d ru n k a rd s . (SIMIL E)

14 T o e n s ure s om e d e g re e o f

____________

, t h e a u t h o r us e d d e t a ils fro m his o w n e x p e ri e n c e .

(SIMIL E)

15 T h e s t u d y sh ow s t h a t e n v iro n m e n t a l f a c t ors s uch as w a rm a nd s u p p o rtiv e p a re n t i n g m a y

pla y a ro l e in p ro m o t i n g c h il d r e n

_____________

d e v e lo p m e n t . (S O CIETY)

16 T h e m o d e l o f

_____________

f e l l o w s h ip is c a t c h in g o n a m o n g p e ers - n o t o n l y t h e cla ss sessions

b u t also t h e c o ff e e bre a ks p ro v id e f e rt il e g ro u n d in t o w h ic h lit t l e e d u c a tio n a l se e ds m a y dro p

a n d flo u rish . (S O CIE TY)

17 W h a t w e are w itn e ss in g t o d a y, on t h e e v e o f w e lf a re r e a u th o ris a tio n , are th e fru it s o f

, f e w e r f e d e ra l m a n d a t e s , a n d gre a t e r fl e x ib ili t y . (TITLE)

18 It c a m e as a b ri e f re vo lt t o h e r t o m a rry a (n )

_____________

c a p t a in w it h no social s t a t u s ; t h e ir

c h ild w o u l d n o t re c e iv e a n y t itl e s. (TITLE)

19 G re a t c iti e s a n d

_____________

are d e v e l o p e d by visio n a ri e s w h o in s til prid e a n d o p t im i s m in

t h e ir f e l l o w citi z e n s. (U R B A N)

2 0 T h e

_____________

o f p o v e rt y a lso ch a n g e s th e d e m o g r a p h ic s o f e l e ctio n s in w a y s t h a t are n o t

y e t d e t e rm i n e d b u t th a t c o u ld re s u lt in l o n g-t e rm D e m o cr a tic g ro w t h . (U R BAN)

C hoos e t h e s uit a b l e w o rd fro m th e b o x a nd s u p p ly its c o rre c t f o rm t h a t fit s in e a c h space.

AC CESS ME R G E P O R TIO N P O T E N T S E G MENT

1 iCIoud a l l o w s

_____________

fro m a n y w h e re on t h e In t e rn e t t o in d iv id u a ls a n d s h are d

d o c u m e nt s a nd p h o t o s .

2 A re o u r u n d e rw a t e r

_____________

a n d a q u a lu n g s n o t m e re l y im it a t io n s o f d e vic e s a n d

m e c h a nis m s th a t Nature

in v e n t e d

a lo n g , lon g t i m e ago?

3 H a v e b e e n f o u n d in C a m bri a n rocks, su c h as t h e l e g e n d a ry B urg e ss Shale, t h e s e f l a t w orm s Ire

_____________, b il a t e ra ll y sy m m e tri c a l w orm s t h a t lack a c o e lo m b u t t h a t d o h a v e t h re e g e rm

la yers.

4 L a rg e a n d m e d iu m c o m p a n i e s in t h e g e nre s o f b a lle t a n d m o d e rn d a nc e a r e

_____________

w e ll

re pr e s e n t e d b y t h i s d a t a .

5 L ib era ls w rit i n g f o r t h e

____________

lib e ra l m e di a can o n l y dre a m o f t h e re w ard s t h a t h a v e

c o m e t h e w a y o f a w h o l e g e n e r a ti o n o f co n s e rv a tiv e s.

6 P a rti a l_____________d i v is io n e xists o n t h e dors a l s urfa c e ; t h e v e n tra l s urfa c e ha s a ro u n d e d

p ro t u b e ra n c e o n its a n t e ri o r p ro x im a l m argin .

7 T h e m a jo r s e tb a c k f o r e v e ry b o d y s e e m s t o b e t h e

_____________

h ig h t i c k e t pric e s w h ich

c a n n o t b e a c q u ir e d f ro m s t u d e n t s - as it is a lw a ys th e case b e f o re T e t H olid a y .

8 T h e u n d e rp riv il e g e d , try i n g t o g e t o n w i t h th e ir n o rm a l w o rk in g liv e s u n d e r t e rrib l e

c o n d it i o n s , _____________ a w a it t h e ir f a t e .

9 T h e re is n o h ig h e r-l e v e l g o v e rn m e n t in t h e EU t h a t (u n lik e t h e s it u a tio n in t h e US a n d

C an a d a) p ro v i d e s a d e f i n itio n o f i n c o m e fro m w h i c h t o s t a rt in d e f i n i n g

_____________

in c o m e ;

e a c h M S g o e s its o w n w a y.

1 0 Tokyo Gas d e v e l o p e d a nd in tro d u c e d t h e w o rld

s f irs t sm all-si z ed a n d li g h t w e i g h t

____________

o b s e rv a t i o n d e v ic e f o r v isu a l c h e c ks o f in sid e o f t h e ta nks.

Use t h e r o o t - f r a g - o r - r u p t - t o f o rm a w ord t h a t f i t s in e ach space.

1 N o t o n l y d o e s c u t t in g tre e s in H a n o i h u rt p e o p le e m o t io n a lly , b u t it a l s o

____________

t h e

tru s t b e t w e e n t h e g o v e rn m e n t a n d citi z ens.

2 A c o u p l e o f jo u rn a l s h a v e b ro u g h t o u t a rticle s on t h e l a t e le a d er, k n o w n f o r sim p lic ity ,

_____________

a n d c o n c e rn f o r t h e p o o r.

3 If y o u are t o ru n a busin e ss w i t h n e tw o rk serv ers, in v e s t i n

_____________

p o w e r s u p ply , w h ic h

use s b a t t e ri e s t o k e e p serv e rs ru n n i n g d u ri n g p o w e r o u t a g e s .

4 T h e b o o k i s a m e l a n g e o f l o gic a l e x p o s itio n , p o e t i c

____________

, a n d tra v e l o n a ro a d w i t h

m a n y d e to u rs a nd ro a d s id e a ttra c t i o n s .

5 L ittl e has b e e n p u b lis h e d a b o u t t h e s tr a ti g ra p h i c a g e o f th is g ro u p , w hic h i s _____________

o v e rl a i n b y t h e s e lim e sto n e s .

6 It in d e e d i s

_____________

a v e rre d t h a t t h e in s t it u tio n o f mass m e dia c o u ld n o t h a v e b e e n

e n v is a g e d or d e riv e d e v e n u n t il la t e f e u d a lis m .

7 T his m e th o d is h i g h l y e f f e ctiv e in m a k in g

_____________

m o re succe ssful b y r e m o v in g d e bris

t h a t m a y b l o c k t h e e ff e c t iv e n e s s o f t h e in j e c t io n o f hig h-p re s s ure , h ig h -v o lu m e w a t e r.

8 T h e y d e p lo r e t h e f ig h t in g m a t h e m a tics , c o n t e n d i n g w i t h

_____________

lo g ic t h a t

t w o w ro n g s

n e v e r m a k e a ri g h t

9 M o s t re lig io u s g ro u p s fro m all o f t h e c o m m u n iti e s o p p o s e t h e re s trictio n o n b u ild i n g

re lig i o u s s tru c t u re s a n d c o n t in u e t o v i e w i t as a (n )

_____________

u p o n re lig io u s fre e d o m .

10 T h e f a c t on e has re al h u m a n

_____________

m ad e h im a gre a t e r m an th a n w a s re a lis e d b y t h o s e

w h o c o u ld n o t see t h ro u g h t h e f o g o f a du l a tio n .

J |U s e t h e ro o t - j e c t - (a lso - j e t - ) t o f o rm a w o rd t h a t fit s in e ach space.

1 In w orks o f art, t h e in stinctu a l obsessions are e xpressed thro u g h t h e v e hicle o f st e re otyp e s

w h e re b y th e y a r e

____________

co m m unic a ble .

2 T h e t i n y sting ers o f th e n e ttle p la nt p ro v id e

____________

o f several ch em icals re sponsibl e f or

th e stin gin g se nsation t h e p l a nt causes.

3 Be it m a kin g b e tt e r sense o f w h a t h a pp e n e d, or sim ply m aking th e story m ore in t e re st in g , w e

still w in d up b e in g

____________

, even inv e nt e d, personas.

4 He n o t e s ,

____________

, th a t th e e n tire fi e ld should n o t b e

____________

m e re ly beca use one

do e s n o t a cc e pt t h e vie w s o f its m ost a ggre ssive e xpon e nts.

5 T h e e ngine s f it t e d on this p a rticula r a ircraft w ere t w o p istons a nd tw o s m a ll

____________

h elp it t o t a ke o f f in c ert ain conditions.

Use t h e w o rd g i v e n in c a p it a ls a t th e e n d o f e a c h s e n t e n c e t o f o r m a w o rd t h a t f it s in t h e

c o rr e s p o n d i n g sp a c e .

1 As th e in s tit u t i o n in v o l v e d pos e d a s y s t e m ic risk o r t h e d e b t o r in v o lv e d was i m p o rt a n t t o t h e

n a t io n a l int e re st, th e re h a v e b e e n q u it e a f e w in sta nc e s o f g o v e rn m e n t a lly a ssist e d

(B AIL)

2 She s t o o d th e re , fa c e w it h rage, e yes b l a z in g w it h p u rp l e w ra th a nd e n t ir e b o d y

o u t l i n e d in a s h im m e rin g ni m b u s o f t e rrib l e lig h t . (C A N D L E )

3 T h e y h a ul e v ery k i n d o f ,

___________

sea cre a ture o u t o f t h e M e d it e rra n e a n , pil e t h e m h ig h in

th e m a rk e t a n d c o o k t h e m w it h s im p l e e l e g a nc e . (C OM E)

4 P ro t e c tin g th e rig h t o f a p e o p l e t o r u n

_____________

o u t o f o f fic e a n d t o h a v e a re a l v o ic e in

d e ci s ion s t h a t a ff e ct th e m i s d e ar t o V i e t n a m e s e h e a rts . (C O U N T)

5 T h e su p re m e c o u rt h a d u p h e ld his c o n v ic t i o n , b u t t h e a cc used w a s n o t t h e re to f a c e t h e

cons e q u e n c e s o f h i s

____________

. (D O)

6 T h e c o n s u m e r m e d i a c u lt u r e

_____________

us in t o b e li e v in g th a t w h a t w e d o f o r w o r k a n d t h e

succe ss w e h a ve th e r e is a m e a sure o f o u r w o rt h as in d ivid u a l s . (D O CT O R)

7 T h e ir o rig in a l p l a n h a d b e en t o e m ig ra t e t o t h e US, b u t a (n )

____________

pre g n a n c y a n d t h e

F irst W o rl d W ar in t e rv e n e d . (FAT E)

8 T h ere w ere c irc u m s t a n c e s

_____________

in d i c a ti n g t h a t som e p e rs o n h a d g a in e d a ccess t o

W h i t n e y H ou sto n

s p riv a t e a p a rtm e n t s , a t o r n e ar t h e m o m e n t o f h e r d e ath . (-F R A G -)

9 A z e ro-t o l e ra n c e a p pro a c h t o u n tre a te d w a s t e a n d

____________

m a t e ri a ls w ill e nsure t h e

p ro t e ctio n o f fr a g il e e c osyst e m s. (G RAD E)

10 T h e se t e rm s are a n a chro n i s t ic ; t h e y e n t a il t h e

_____________

o f m a n y p o s t- E n lig h t e n m e n t

con c e rn s in t o a n t iq u it y . (-JE C T-)

11 In t e rn e t p ro v id e s a n e x c e lle n t m e a ns f o r e x c h a n g i n g i n f o rm a tio n , i n c lu d i n g

_____________

d i s t ri b u t in g c o p y rig h t p ro t e c t e d or e x p lic it m a t e ria l . (LICIT)

12 H e a cc e pts, w it h h i n d s ig h t , t h a t w a s p ro b a b l y a (n )

____________

h o p e c o n sid e rin g t h e siz e o f

t h e i n t e rn e t a nd t h e n u m b e r o f p e o p l e t h a t c o u ld a cce ss it. (LOSE)

13 Like t h e riv e r fro m w h ic h it t a k e s its n a m e , t h e s eries m ay o cc a sio n a lly s e e m p i c t u r e s q u e b u t

clos e r in s p e c tio n re v e a l s

_____________

a nd s t a g n a n t d e pth s . (O D O U R)

14 D u e t o t h e re m ot e n e s s a n d t h e y o u n g g e o lo g ic a l a g e o f t h e isla n d , t h e f lora is c o m p a r a tiv e ly

. (PAUP E R)

15 W hil e an o p p o rt u n it y t o h o o k u p t o i P h o n e s o u n d s a pp e a li n g , it also u n d e rlin e s o n e o f t h e

o f th e c u rre n t s it u a tio n ; e x a c tly h o w m u c h d e m a nd is t h e re iP hone? (P O N D E R)

16 M a n y st u d e nts s u ff e r

_____________

fro m t h e c o n s e q u e n c e s o f th e forc e s - a c a d e m ic a lly,

e m o tio n a ll y a n d / o r b e h a v io ura lly. (P O R TIO N)

17 T h e o b j e c t i o n t h a t t h e p e n a lt y o f d e a t h i s _____________J d e riv e s its forc e sol e ly fro m t h e

c o n s id e ra tio n t h a t if an in n o c e n t m a n is p u t t o d e a t h , t h e in ju ry w h ic h is d o n e t o h im c a n

n e v e r b e re p a ire d . (R E MIT)

18 T h e re

s t h e

____________

o b s e rv a tio n t h a t a bus fu ll o f ra n c oro u s, q u a rre l s o m e , a n d a g g re ss iv e

p a sse ng e rs is b ou n d t o h a v e a c o llisio n . (SAY)

19 In t h e co ld w ar, c o n v e n tio n a l d o c trin e h e ld t h a t t h e f e ar o f m u t u a l d e s tru c tio n w o u ld f o r e v e r

_____________

e sc a l a tion b e yo n d t h e c o n v e n t i o n a l b a ttl e fi e l d . (SCRIPT)

2 0 T h e c e n tre pie c e o f th e c a m p a ig n w a s t h e re c e n t c re a t i o n o f a n e w

_____________

o f d e f e n s e fo r

int e llig e n c e . (SE CRE T)

21 P erp l e x e d b y th e p o lit i c s o f

____________

T h e M in is try o f E duc a tio n f a il e d t o e x pre ss o r e v e n

t o m a i n t a in a c o n s is t e n t e d u c a tio n a l p o lic y . (S O CIE T Y)

2 2 T h e pro t e st e rs a p p e are d t o h a v e lo st h e a rt a n d l e ft t h e l e c t u re h a l l

_____________

as t h e

a u d i e n c e g a v e t h e s p e a k er a ro u n d o f a p p l a u s e . (S O LA C E)

23 S h ould te a c h e rs w h o a r e

_____________

or d e ists, as w e r e m a n y o f th e co u n try

s e a rli e s t

p a trio ts , b e f o rc e d t o li e t o st u d e n t s b y b e in g r e q u ire d t o le a d t h e m in t h e o a th? (T H IN K)

2 4 T h e y re v e a l e d a h o s t o f m is u n d e rs t a n d in g s , in c lu d i n g p a ti e n t s th i n k in g d o c t o rs h a d

in f o rm a ti o n w h e n t h e y d i d n

t , d o c t o rs t h in k i n g p a t i e n ts u n d e rs to o d s o m e t h in g w h e n t h e y

d id n

t , a n d

____________

o f sid e e ff e c ts. (T RIB U T E)

2 5 I lo v e d a c t io n m o vi e s - p a rt ic u l a rly o n e s in w h ic h n a t u r e

_____________

it s e lf on h u m a n i t y -

a n d w o u ld r e c o u n t t h e d e a th o f a d in o s a u r h u n t e r as i f a s id e -s p littin g jo k e . (V E N G E A N C E)

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No dic tio n a ri e s a n d m a t e ria ls are a llo w e d .

W ord F orm a tio n E xtra Practice 1A

W ord F o rm a t i o n R esourc e 1 I Sublist 1

m m Use t h e w o rd g iv e n in c a pita ls a t t h e e n d o f each s e nt e nc e t o f o rm a w ord t h a t fit s in t h e

f § | f c o rr e sp o n d in g sp a ce.

1 A s y m b o l has m u lt ip l e m e a n i n g s a n d so m e re s e m b l a n c e t o w h a t it is s u p p o s e d t o re pre s e n t,

w h i c h in m o s t cases is a (n )

_____________

id e a o r o n e t h e in div id u a l is n o t c o n scious of. (K N O W)

2 As a b e g in n in g t e a c h e r, I w a s a sk e d t o a d vis e a w o m a n T.A. w h o w a s

____________

f o r h er

cla ss e s t o th e p o i n t o f para lysis. (PR E PAR E)

3 H e q u o t e s w i t h o u t

_____________

(R E F U T A TIO N) t h e a ssertion t h a t

t h e g lo b e m a y b e

s urv e y e d a n d h is t o ry m a y b e re vie w e d in v a in f o r a n y e v id e n c e o f a c o n sid e r a b l e c o u n t ry in

w h i c h w a n t c a n b e f a irl y

_____________

(T RIB U T E) t o an incre a s in g p o p u l a ti o n .

4 If o u r th o u g h t s a n d f e e li n g s c a n b e s o

____________

(A DJU S T) as t o re s u lt in o rd e r a n d

h a rm o n y , if t h e y c a n be a rra ng e d in an o rd e rly a n d

_____________

(R E CIP R O C ATE) s u p p o rt in g

c o llo c a tio n , w e t h e re b y a tt a in t o a s t a ble syst e m o f p h ilo s o p h y .

5 M a n y

_____________

lu x u ry bra n d s h a v e t a rg e t e d C h in a as a m a j o r g ro w t h m a rk e t f or t h e n e xt

d e c a d e a n d b e y o n d . (F AM O U S)

6 M e a n w h il e , A ns e lm p la y e d th e p a rt o f a b e n e v o l e n t b u t d is t a n t s u p e rio r d e a lin g w it h

c o m p l a i n t s a b o u t t h e n e glig e n c e o f m o n a st ic officia ls , r e s tra i n i n g t h e

____________

(O F FIC E)

s e v e rit y o f t h e

_____________

(PRIO R), r e m o n s tr a t i n g w it h m on ks w h o w i s h e d t o l e a ve t h e

m o n a st e ry f o r s o m e th i n g v a g u e ly b e tt e r, d e f e n d i n g his o w n a bse nce , a n d d e a lin g in a ca sual

w a y w i t h a v a ri e t y o f busin e ss.

7 S h e

_____________

(EXPRESS) a ng e r b y t e m p o ra rily c ri p p lin g h e rse lf , a p h y siolo g ic a l

m e c h a n i s m o f e v a sio n t h a t w a s l i t e r a l l y

_____________

(PR E V ENT) a nd b o u n d u p in a n a lm o s t

pro c e d u r a l in tim a c y w i t h h e r f a ilu re s w i t h m en.

8 T h e L iv in g P la n e t R e p ort show s t h a t h u m a n s n o w , n u m b e ri n g 6, 700 m illio n , a r e

____________

(U TILIS E) t h e p l a n e t

____________

* (C AP A BLE) (fre sh w a t e r, cro p l a n d s , fis h e rie s a nd fore st s)

a n d " b y m i d c e n t u ry h u m a n ity

s d e m a n d on n a t u re w ill b e t w ic e th e b io s p h ere

s p ro d u c tiv e

c a p a city ".

9 T his d e gre e o f c o n tro l o v e r t h e

_____________

(H E RIT) a n d m arri a g e s o f th e w e a lt h i e s t p e o p l e

in t h e k i n g d o m m e a nt t h a t t h e k in g

s p o w ers o f

_____________

(P A T R O N) w e r e im m e n s e .

1 0 T his is t h e p a rt y y o u c o u ld h a v e if yo u o n ly did s o m e th in g , inst e a d o f s i t t i n g h e re , f e e lin g

d e je c t e d a n d

____________

. (G O)

D A T E :

M A R K :

T E A C H E R :

N A M E :

.....

C L A S S :

.....

./10

Tim e: 15 m in u t e s

N o d ic t io n a rie s a nd m at eri a ls a re a llo w e d.

W ord F orm a tio n Extra Pra ctice 1B

W o rd F orm a tio n R esourc e 1 I Sublist2

Use t h e w o rd giv e n in c a p it a ls a t t h e e n d o f e ach s e n t e n c e t o f o rm a w o rd t h a t f it s in t h e

co rre s p o n d in g spac e.

1 B lin king t o

_____________

h e rs e lf to t h e d arkn e s s, L exa a lre a d y ha d he r h a n ds o v e r h e r e ars

w h e n t h e d e a f e nin g b l a s t o f t h u n d e r re ach e d h er. (C U S T O M)

2 E m o t i o n a l

_____________

(E D) is a t e rm used in t h e m e n t a l h e a lt h c o m m u n it y t o re f e r t o an

e m o t io n a l re s pons e t h a t is p o o rly m o d u l a t e d , a n d d o e s n o t f a ll w it h i n t h e c o n v e n t io n a ll y

a c c e p t e d ra n g e o f e m o t i v e resp ons e . ED m a y be r e f e rre d t o as l a b ile m ood (m a rk e d

flu c t u a t i o n o f m oo d ) o r m o o d sw ings. (R E G ULAT E)

3 In m y h e art o f h e arts, I t h i n k

_____________

(F O R C E) l a ws su ch as t h e s e are a b o m i n a tio n s t h a t

b rin g t h e e ntire l e g a l sys t e m i n t o

_____________

(R E PUTE).

4 T h e p u b lic a ti o n c o n t a in s a m o n o g ra p h o n R ich a rdso n , a critic a l essay o n Ja n e A u s t e n , a nd a

n u m b e r o f less f o rm a l b u t e v e n m o re in t e re s t in g _____________p a p e rs u p o n v a rio u s E n g lis h

a nd f o re i g n w rit e rs. (C O MM E N T)

5 Like p e o p l e w h o c a n sp e a k m a ny la ngu a g e s , th e r e

s s o m e th i n g p r e t t y

_____________

(IN S PIR E)

a b o u t a g o o d

____________

(IN S T R U M E N T). A n d it

s n o t a b o u t ju s t p ic k in g u p a n a lt e rn a t i v e

m u s ic a l t o o l a n d h a v in g a g o ; it

s a b o u t t r u l y b e i n g a b l e t o pla y se v eral in s tru m e n t s re a lly w e ll.

6 S u bst ance s are d e fin e d t o in c lu d e a l c o h o l, c ig a r e tt e s , a n d o t h e r s m o kin g m a t eri a ls , as w e ll as

____________

(LICIT) a n d ill e g a l dru g s. W h il e t h e re is a n e xp e c t a t io n f o r t h e e n tir e c o m m u n i t y

t o c o m p ly w it h all c o ll e g e , loc a l, st a t e , a n d f e d e ra l re g u l a ti o n s re g ardin g th e use o f a lc o h o l

a n d o t h e r drugs, t h e

_____________

(S UB S T A N C E) h o u s in g o p t io n pro vid e s a n a d d e d m e a s ure

o f s u p p ort f o r p e o p l e w h o ch o o s e n o t t o sm o k e , d rin k , o r us e o t h e r dru gs.

7 T h e a c t o r

_____________

(SC E NE) c lim a c t i c re n d itio n o f M a rv i n G aye

s cl a ssic "L e t

s G e t It O n, "

in p a rt ic u l a r,

____________

(F A N T A S Y) fills t h e s o u n d sc a p e o f y o u r h o m e t h e a t e r s e t u p .

8 T h e c o n f e re n c e t o u ch e d o n m a n y t hin g s , b u t n o n e m or e d e e p ly th a n t h e fra g ile e n v iro n m e n t

t h a t s t ill e xists a ro u n d th e v e ry c o n c e p t o f

____________

. (T O U R)

9 T im e a n d a g a in , t h e c l u b has b e e n

_____________

on t h e b rin k o f s e llin g o f f th e ir a n t i q u a t e d

g ro u n d . (SUPP OS E)

10 W e m u s t v a l u e t h a t re p u t a tio n a nd w o rk t o g e t h e r t o n u rt u r e it a n d re m ov e a n y

_____________

t h a t w ill p u t it at risk. (C O N C EIV E)

T E A C H E R :........................................................ ........................ .... D A T E:

.....................................................................

N A M E : ............................................................................................M A R K : / 1 0

C L A S S :.......................................................................................... T im e : 15 m i n u t e s

N o d i c t i o n a ri e s a n d m a t e ri a ls are a llo w e d .

W ord F orm a tio n Extra Pra ctice 2A

W o rd F o rm a t i o n R e s ourc e 2 I Sublist 1

  Use t h e w o rd g i v e n in c a p it a ls a t t h e e nd o f e ach s e nt e nce t o form a w ord th a t fit s in t h e

\-\  c o rre s p o n d in g sp a c e .

1 A n y i m p lic i t b a c k g ro u n d a s s u m p tio n t h a t so ci e ty o r t h e p u b li c in t e re st can b e c o n c e iv e d o f as

a(n)

(C O N T E N D), u n i f i e d a n d

_____________

(G E N E) w h o l e is n o t a cc e pt a b l e .

2 A t o n e tim e , h a v in g a m u s e d h i m s e lf b y c o m p o u n d i n g f r o m

_____________

(O D O U R) s u b s t a n c e s , ,

m ix t u re o f in t o l e r a b l e st e n ch, h e i n tro d u c e d it i n t o a c ro w d e d a p a rtm e n t , a n d dro v e t h e

c o m p a n y ,

_____________

(P OIS O N) b y its t e rrib l e p u n g e n c y , in all dire ct io n s .

3 H is d e p a rt u re l e f t b itt e rn e s s a m o n g his lo c al s u p p o rt e rs a n d t h e a ll e g a t io n s w h i c h h e s till f ace s

a la rm e d p a rt y s u p p ort e rs, o p p o n e n t s a n d

_____________

vo t ers a like . (LINE)

4 In jo u rn a lis m , f e m a l e jo u rn a l is t s u s e d t o h id e t h e ir g e n d e r by t h e p lo y o f u sin g t h e ir in it i a l s

ra t h e r th a n t h e ir f irs t n a m es in t h e i r_____________. (LIN E)

5 It w o u ld b e nic e if w e c o u ld t a lk less a b o u t h o u s e h o ld e rs

____________

t h e m a rk w h e n a tt a c k in g

b u rgla rs , a n d m o r e a b o u t h o w t o s t o p b urg la rs b e i n g t h e r e in th e firs t pla c e . (STEP)

6 L ibra rie s are p o is e d t o s u p p o rt w e b-b a s e d o n l in e l e a rn in g b y cr e a tin g a n d m a n a gin g

____________

, d e v e lo p i n g n e w servic e s a nd lin k in g t h e ir c u rre n t on e s t o c o urs e m a n a g e m e n t

syst e m s, t h e h u b fo r o n lin e t e a ch i n g a nd l e a rn in g . (C O N T E N T)

7 She is s e t fre e t o p o u r o u t h e r

_____________

(CEAS E) re v e l a tio n s , w i t h o u t e v e r re a c h i n g h e r

p o i n t , b e c a use h e r re a l p o i n t is sim p ly h e r

_____________

(C O N T E N T) g o o d f e e lin g .

8 T h e a l m o s t

_____________

(R E LE NT) g r o w t h in p ro p e rt y crim e o f re c e n t d e c a d e s has a ff e c t e d th e

w h o l e c o u n try - rura l are as, sm all t o w n s , p ro v in c i a l citi e s, a n d m a j o r

_____________

(UR B A N).

9 T his is g e n e ra lly a gre e d t o b e th e f irs t e x a m pl e o f w h a t are n o w c a l l e d

____________

, o r sm ile ys,

t h e l i t t l e se ts o f sym b ols t h a t are us e d as m a rk e rs in e m a il m e ss ages. (IC O N)

10 U n t il r e c e n tly , A m e ric a n s t h o u g h t o f th e m s e lv e s as a (n )

_____________

p e o p l e w i t h a n a t io n a lly

b o u n d c u lt u re a n d e c o n o m y t h a t c a n b e co n c e ptu a lis e d a nd m a n a g e d in t h e w a y t h a t civics

t e xt s d e s crib e . (C O N T E N T)

D A T E :

M A R K :

T E A C H E R :

N A M E :

.....

C L A S S :

.....

./ 1 0

T im e : 15 m in ut e s

N o d ic t i o n a rie s a nd m at eri a ls are a llo w e d .

W ord F orm a tio n E xtra Pra ctice 2B

W o rd F o rm a tio n R e source 2 I Sublist 2



“ Use t h e w o rd giv e n in c a p ita ls a t th e e n d o f e a ch s e nt e nc e to f o rm a w o rd t h a t f i t s in t h e

c o rre s p o n d in g space.

1 A n A fg h a n m ig r a n t f a m ily w h o pre p a re s t o g o t o sl e e p a t t h e ir

____________

(VISIBL E ) c a m p in

t h e c e n t e r o f t h e c ity o f Kos i sla nd w a s (FIRE) b y t h e polic e .

2 H a v in g s u ff e re d m ore t h a n m ost w i t h

____________

(B O N E) f a lls o v e r f ence s, S w a n d e c id e d a

c o u p l e o f y e ars a g o t h a t d is c re tio n w as t h e b e t t e r p a rt o f

_____________

(V A LIA N T) a n d

a b a n d o n e d t h e se arch fo r ride s o v e r t h e la rg e r obst a c l e s.

3 H er u n f o rtu n a t e f a t h er, w h il e t e a rs p o u re d fro m his e y e s

____________

, w e n t a b o u t t h e c it y

b e g g i n g t h e t o w n s p e o p l e f o r m o n e y t o h ire a n a tt o rn e y w h o in t h e le a st w o u ld p r o v i d e his

d a u g h t e r w it h a lin e o f d e f e n s e . (SE EK)

4 It is p a s t tim e f o r US t o l e a v e b e h in d o u r

_____________

in s u l a rity a n d re c o g n is e t h a t w e a re

m o vin g i n t o a w o rl d in w h ic h w e w ill h a v e t o le a rn t o liv e w i t h a n d re sp e ct p e o p l e w h o are

d if f e re n t f ro m US. (LIT TLE)

5 M a n y th e r a p is t s h a v e b e e n t o l d t h a t t h e y are m ore s e n sitiv e , i n t e llig e n t a n d

_____________

(PA SSIO N) th a n t h e p a ti e n t

s c a ll o u s ,

_____________

(IN V O L V E ), d e m a n d in g a n d c ritic a l spou s e .

6 Russia h as re v e rs e d t h e p ra cti c e o f m ore t h a n a c e n t u ry a n d a h a lf in ord e r t o c a lc u l a te , in

t e rm s o f

____________

c o n d u c t , t h e p o s s ib iliti e s o f a c t u a l s e c u rit y a g a in s t a tt a ck. (K N O W )

7 T h e d o c u m e n t also d e t a ils t h e v a rio u s t e c h n i c a l a s p e ct s o f t h e p ro j e c t a n d h i g h li g h t s t h e

p r i n c i p a l

_____________

(T RIB UT E) c o n f li c t o f t h e

____________

(LIE) re f o rm process.

8 T h e

_____________

(D O W E R) m o rt g a g e s ,

______________

(P R O FIT) f u n d s a n d p riv a t e p e n sio n s o n

w h i c h p e o p l e st a k e d t h e ir f u t u r e s are a n a t io n a l sc a nd a l.

9 T o a p p ly p h y l o g e n e tic re a so n i n g t o q u e st io n s a b o u t s p e cies st a tus re q u ire s b ro a d e n i n g o f

s im p l e pri n cip l e s w h e n

_____________

process e s, w h ic h o c c u r w i t h in a sp e ci e s o r s m a ll g ro u p o f

org a n is m s, e s p e ci a lly o v e r a s h ort p e rio d , m a y re s ult in tru e d iff e re nc e s a m o n g g e n e

p h ylo g e nie s . (V O L V A)

10 T o g a i n m ore in s i g h t i n to t h e

____________

(S ALT) b e h a vio u r o f SecB, w e s t u d i e d t h e p ro t e i n

b y DLS, siz e e x c lu sio n c h ro m a to g r a p h y , a n a l y tic a l

____________

(C ENTR E), w hic h is v e ry fa st

u p o n p re cip it a t i n g la rg e b io lo g ic a l m o l e c u l e s fro m s o l u tio n o r s e p ara t in g th e m b y t h e ir

d if f e re n t rat e s o f s e d im e n t a t io n , a n d sm a ll a n g l e n e utro n s c a tt e rin g .

T E A C H E R:.....................................

......................................

DATE:

.................... ............................

N A M E :

............................................

......................................

M A R K :

.................................................

.........

/1 0

C L A S S :

............................................

N o dictio n a rie s a n d m a t e ria ls are a llo w e d.

W ord F orm a tio n E xtra Practice 3A

W o rd F o rm a ti o n R esourc e 3 I Sublist 1

 f t Use t h e w o rd g iv e n in c a p it a ls a t t h e e nd o f e a ch s e nt e n c e t o f o rm a w o rd t h a t f it s in t h e

I f i f f co rre s p o n d in g space.

1 A v e n e ra bl e lit e ra t u r e criticis e s t h e e c o n o m ic s o f e m p ire - fo r d ra i n in g w e a lt h f ro m t h e

c o l o n i e s ,

_____________

(IN D U S T R Y) t h e ir e c o n o m i e s, a n d

______________

(DIS C E RN) a g a in s t lo c a l

in d u s try .

2 B eta c a rot e n e , a (n )

_____________

(VIT A L) f o u n d in pl a n t s a n d t h e ir p i g m e nt s , is a b e nig n

sourc e o f v it a m in A a n d is a n a n t i o x id a n t w it h p o s s i b l e

____________

(CANC E R) pro p e rti e s .

3 In m a ny pl a c es, a n in cre a s in g n u m b e r o f y o u n g f a m ilie s a re c h o o s in g cre m a t i o n a nd b uria l

(w i t h o u t a p u b l i c

____________

), f o llo w e d b y a w ors h ip s ervice. (VIE W)

4 In t h e m t h e m o v e m e n t is, as a rul e , o n l y s w if t w h e n c o m p a re d w i t h t h e n o rm a l p a c e o f

arm i e s, a n d t h e

_____________

(C UMB E R) a n d

______________

(LA B O R) o f th e m ili t a ry m a c h in e

lessen t h e f e e lin g o f p e rs o n a l a dv e n t u re .

5 P a rli a m e n t v o t e d o n S e pt e m b e r 10 t o c re a t e a (n )

_____________

(PART) c o m m is s io n o f in q u iry

t o try t o t ra c k d o w n in v e s t m e n t s m a d e in B u lg a ri a n

_____________

(SEA) c o m p a n i e s .

6 T h e li b e rt a ri a n id e a o f s o c i e t y w o u l d h o ld tru e e v e n if a d e g re e o f c o e rcio n w ere a b s o lu t e l y

n e c e s s a ry a n d _____________: t h e m ore a u t h o rit y re sid in g in ci vil s o c i e t y ra th e r th a n th e s t a t e ,

t h e b e tt e r. (R A DIC AL)

7 T h e m e a sure s c o u ld p ro m p t c o m p a n i e s t o c h a n g e t h e ir s tru c ture s a nd m o v e jo b s o u t o f t a x

h a v e n s: It m a y m e a n t h a t a l o t o f a c t iv iti e s a r e

_____________

a g a in. (SHORE)

8 T h e n e w ra n g e o f

_____________

(C O S T) m e a sures w a s d e cid e d a t a m e e t in g o f t h e gro u p

e x e cu tiv e c o m m it t e e in M r G ilb e rt s o n

s h o m e t o w n o f Jo h a n n e sb u rg a n d w ill cost 100 jo b s

on t o p o f th e 1 3 0 0

_____________

(O P E RAT E) p o s it io n s sh e d sinc e t h e m erg e r.

9 T h e o n l y s a v in g gra c e is t h a t t h e k e y q u e s t i o n a b o u t w h e t h e r th e p e rs o n h a d pa ss e d b y a

sp e cia l s tre e t in t e rs e ctio n is u s u a lly n o t u n d e rs t o o d b y

_____________

in c lin e d p e o p l e . (T E C H)

10 T h e p ro j e c t w as n o t

______________

(SURG E) u n t il a ft e r t h e G re at W ar, b u t a t t h e e nd o f t h e

1920s G re e c e t o o k t h e l e a d in a n e w s p o rt in g a n d p o litic a l i n it i a t i v e , w h ic h c o n tri b u t e d in its

o w n w a y t o t h e

_____________

(P E A C E) o f t h e t u r b u l e n t B a lk a n are a .

T E A C H E R :

N A M E :

.....

C L A S S :

.....

D A T E :

M A R K :

/10

Tim e: 15 m in u t e s

N o d ic t io n a rie s a n d m a t eria ls a r e a llo w e d .

W ord F orm a tion Extra Pra ctice 3B

W o rd F o rm a tio n R e so urc e 3  Sublist 2

S f e Use t h e w o rd g iv e n in c a p it a ls a t th e e nd o f e ach s e n t e nc e t o f o rm a w o rd t h a t f i t s in t h e

ffffl

c o rre sp o n d in g space.

1 A lt h o u g h h u n dre d s o f s tu die s h a v e d e m o n s tra t e d t h a t e y e w itn e ss t e s t im o n y i s

_____________

e y e w it n e s s e v id e n c e is o f t e n t h e stro n g e s t o r o n ly e vid e n c e us ed b y juri e s w h e n c o m in g t o a

v e rd ic t . (ERR)

2 B e c a u s e

____________

(S H A D E) is t h o u g h t t o a id in c o n c e a lm e n t b y re d u c in g sh a d o w in

____________

(LIG HT) e n v iro n m e n t s , t h e h y p o t h e s is is p a rt i a lly s u p p o rt e d d e s p it e n o

s ig n if ic a n t a s s o cia tio n s w it h o t h e r o p e n e n v iro n m e n t s .

3 C o n s e rv a tiv e s w a n t less re d t a p e a n d

_____________

fro m W h it e h a ll p e n pu shers, so w e c a n p u t

m ore p o li c e offic e rs b a ck o n p a tro l in t h e V a le o f Y ork . (M A N A G E)

4 E x p e rim e n t s w e re p e rf o rm e d in a liq u id s a m ple c e ll c o n t a in i n g t w o silic a sph ere s i m m e rs e d

in a b u f f e r s o lu t io n a n d

_____________

(V A NIS H) c o u p l e d t o t h e s a m e s in g l e -m od e ,

____________(IN F R AR E D) o p t i c a l fib re .

5 F e d eral in v e sti g a tio n s o f m e m b e rs o f co n gre ss are a lw a y s a s e nsitiv e m a tt e r, e v e n w h e n t h e

a ll e g a tio n s in v o lv e

_____________

c rim in a lity . (V AR Y)

6 H a v ing said all o f th a t w e w i s h t o re p e a t t h a t o u r c h i e f c o n c e rn is th e s p irit u a l______________o f

th e p a ris h a n d c o m m u n it y so t h a t o u r y o u n g p e o p l e w il l i n h e rit a g o o d C hrist i a n s o c i e t y a nd

th e g i f t o f th e f a it h . (B UILD)

7 O ft e n in o u r

_____________

fro m h i g h -d e fin it i o n (f ilm o r d ig it a l m ast er) sourc e s, a l o w e r-

re s o l u tio n choic e h as b e e n m a d e in t h e i n t e re s t o f m a ki n g th e p icture lo o k m ore f i l m i c .

(C O NV E R T)

8 T h e G erm ans h a v e b e g u n w o rk o n

_____________

(SYNTH E SIS E) a n a lo g s fro m a n a tu r a lly

o c c u rrin g m a t e ria l t o c e rt a i n f e ru l i c - a c id

_____________

(S K ELE T O N) p a n a x o sid e s , in a m u t u a l

a g r e e m e n t w it h an u n n a m e d J a p a n e s e p h arm a c e u tic a l m a nu f a c t u re r.

9 T h o u g h n o t c o n v e n t i o n a lly b e a utif u l, t h e y posse ss o t h e r graces: so a rin g e ff o rtle s s ly o n

t e e t e ri n g w i n g s

_____________

(RAIS E) in a c h a ra c t e risti c V, w it h scarc e ly a fl a p t h e y

____________

(FLY) e v e n e a gl e s.

10 W it h o u t t h e p ro p e r m in e ra l b a l a n c e in th e e n d pro d u c t , c a lciu m fo rtific a t i o n ca n a c t u a lly

c a u s e _____________, o f f s e tt i n g t h e b o n e s tre n g t h a n d b o n e d e v e lo p m e n t e ff e c t s o f c a l c iu m

f o rt if i c a t i o n . (MIN E )

T E A C H E R :.................................................................................... DA T E:

.......................................... ......... ...... ............

N A M E : .......................................................................................... MA R K: /1 0

C L A S S :

................................. ...... ............ ............ .................. ........

T im e : 15 m in u t e s

N o d i c t i o n a ri e s a nd m a t e ri a l s are a ll o w e d .

W ord F orm a tio n E xtra Practice 4A

W o rd F o rm a ti o n R eso urc e 4 1 Sublist 1

. Use t h e w o rd g iv e n in c a p it a ls a t t h e e nd o f e a ch s e n t e n c e t o f orm a w o rd t h a t fit s in t h e

c o rr e sp o n d in g space .

1 A s tro n g p a rt n e rs h ip w i t h tra d e u n i o n s is se en b y m any, p a rtic u l a rly on t h e l e ft o f t h e S NP, as

e ss e nti a l if t h e p a rty is t o b u ild s u p p ort in L a bour

s c e n tra l b e l t

_____________

a nd m a k e t h e

l e a p fro m o p p o s it i o n t o g o v e rn m e n t . (LA N D)

2 A ll t h e rule s a n d re g u l a tio n s l a id d o w n b y FIF A o v e r t h e ye ars h a ve stip u l a t e d in m i n u t e

d e t a ils th a t p ro f e s s io n a l pl a y e rs a n d clu b s m u st a t all t im e s be g u id e d b y t h e

_____________

o f

n a tio n s . (M O U N T)

3 A t 70, t h e c e l e b ra t e d lin g u is t w a s n o t k e e n t o a b a n d o n h e r rese arch i n t o S h a kesp e are

H a m l e t in o rd e r t o d e v o t e p re c io u s t i m e t o a ( n )

____________

w iz a rd a t a p u b lic s choo l. (F O U R)

4 B roth e rs a n d K e ep ers is p a rt o f th e lo n g tra d it i o n o f

_____________

(T ELL), s e lf-d iscov e ry , a n d

s o c i a l

_____

_______

(R A TIO N) t h a t c o n s t it u t e s A fric a n A m e ric a n a u t o b io g ra p h y .

____________

is a pro c e ss o f e nclo s in g m i cro m e tre -s i z e d p a rticle s o f solid s, liq u id s or gases in

an in e rt sh ell, w h i c h serv e s t o is o l a t e a nd p ro t e ct th e p a rticl e s fro m t h e e xt e rn a l w orld .

(C APSULE)

6 O ur D e lu x e ro o m o n t h e 2 3rd f l o o r w a s sp a cio us, w it h m o d e rn d e c or o f

_____________

w a lls, a

t a ll le a t h e r h e a d b o ard , a n d c urt a in s in a b ro w n s a tin f a bric . (CO F F E E)

7 T h e s o f t w a r e is d e si g n e d t o

_____________

(PIN) k e y in c i d e n t d a t a b y

_____________

(R ELAT E) in

re a l-tim e t h e h u g e v o lu m e s o f d a t a g e n era t e d b y a ny n u m b e r o f s e cu rit y p o in t p ro d u c ts

in s t a ll e d a cross t h e e n t e rpris e .

8 T h e S p e ci a l E n v o y f o r A f g h a n W o m e n s h o u ld c o o rd in a t e f o re ig n a ssist a nc e in t h e are a o f

____________

f o r w o m e n , jo b s -cre a t io n , a n d f o o d -f o r-w o rk o p p o rt u n it i e s s p e c ific a lly d e s ig n e d

f o r w o m e n . (C R E DIT)

9 T h e w h o l e j u d ic i a l hi e ra rch y, fro m t h e h i g h e st p re sid e nt s in t h e p a rlia m e nt s t o t h e h u m b l e

in t h e o b s c u re st rura l ju ri s d i c t i o n , b o u g h t t h e ir p o s itio n s . (STA F F)

10 T h ro u g h o u t t h e f ilm

s s e c o n d h o ur, t h e m ain p art o f t h e c a st is h o l e d u p

_____________

in t h e

N e w Y ork P u blic Library , w h e re th e o n ly d e stru c tiv e p l e a s ure a v a il a b l e is b o o k -b u rn i n g .

(P H O BIA)

T E A C H E R:.............................................................................. DAT E:

................................ ........................ ..........

N A M E :

................................ ........................ ............ ............ ...

MA R K: /1 0

C LA S S :

...................................................................................

T im e: 15 m in u t e s

N o d ictio n a rie s a nd m a t e ri a ls a re a llo w e d .

W ord F orm a tio n E xtra Pra ctice 4B

W ord F orm a tio n R esource 4 1 Sublist2

i  Use t h e w o rd g iv e n in c a pita ls a t t h e e nd o f e a ch s e n t e nc e t o f o rm a w o rd t h a t f it s in t h e

c o rre s p o n d in g space.

1 If it w e re n o t f o r

_____________

o f l e tt e rf o rm s t h r o u g h ty p e , w e w o u l d n

t h a v e t h e s o rt o f

c o n v e rs a tio n s lik e t h is t h a t t h e In t e rn e t , a n d b itm a p , d i g i t a l typ e , m akes possib l e . (U NIV E R S E)

2 It m o v e s fro m an in t i m a te , h a u n t in g b a ll a d t o a s w irlin g fin a l e as th e lyrics cra w l t o a c lim a x o f

b a tt e r e d re s ig n a tio n in t h e fa c e o f a l o v e r

_____________

d e sc e n t i n t o drugs. (S T RU C T U R E)

3 It w o u ld be e n c o u ra g in g i f

_____________

studie s h a d b e e n d o n e t o d is c o v e r w h a t p a ti e n t s d o

e x p e ct in v a ryin g s itu a t io n s , b u t m y i m pre s s io n is t h a t th is h as n o t b e e n a re s e arc h p rio rit y .

(C O N D U C T)

4 N a t h a n a n d C arri e are t h e fu t u r e kin g a n d q u e e n o f t h e pro m , a (n )

_____________

(W H O L E)

a ttra c t iv e c o u p l e w h o t a k e a n y issue, fro m je a lo u s y t o u n w a n t e d p re g n a n c y , w it h g o o d -

n a tu re d p a rt y in g

____________

(PLUMM E T).

5 R ais ed as m y g e n e r a t i o n h a v e b e e n in an e n v iro n m e n t w h e re c a p it a lism has s e e m e d

____________

(F O RM), w e c a n n o t e a sily c o n s id e r a t i m e w h e n it m o m e n t a rily s t o o d o n t h e

____________

(LIN E).

6 T h e

_____________

(C E NTRE) o f th a t s tra t e g y is t h e us e o f m i n o r in fr a c t io n s a s ______________(TEXT)

t o lo c k u p susp e ct s o n w h o m t h e g o v e rn m e n t la cks s u f f i c i e n t e vid e n c e t o accu s e t h e m o f

m ore s e rio u s crim e s.

7 T h e g a t e s w ere p ro t e ct e d b y an in g e n io u s sys t e m o f

_____________

(ENTER) a n d

_____________

(S WIT C H), d e s ig n e d t o l e a d a n y a tt a c k e r b a c k w a rd a n d fo rw a rd u n d e r a rain o f m issil e s.

8 T h e p o p u l a r im a g e o f

_____________

(LE XIC O N) is t h a t it is a d if f ic u lt y w it h re a d i n g - s o m e t h i n g

t o d o w it h t h e

____________

(PERC EIVE) o f p ri n t e d w ord s .

9 T h e v a lu e o f

_____________

is a p p a r e n t in e v e ry d a y a c tiv iti e s w h e n d e liv e re d vi a lo c a t io n -s p e c ific

o n lin e ads, in-c a r GPS, W e b m a ps, fri e n d -f i n d e r a p p s o n c e ll p h on e s, 911 e m e rg e n c y lo c a tio n

servic e s, e tc. (F O RM)

10 W h e n t h is d is p u t e e nds t h e g o v e rn m e n t m u s t t a k e st e ps t o e n s ure t h a t it ca n n e v e r a g a i n be

h e ld t o ra n som b y a m i lit a n t ,

_____________

tra d e u n io n . (STRU C TU R E)

D A T E :

M A R K :

T E A C H E R :

N A M E :

......

C L A S S :

......

./10

T im e : 15 m in u t e s

No d i c t io n a rie s a n d m a t e ria ls are a llo w e d .

W ord F orm a tio n E xtra Practice 5

W ord F orm a tio n R e source 5

Use t h e w o rd g iv e n in c a p it a ls a t t h e e n d o f e ach s e nte nce t o f o rm a w ord t h a t f i t s in t h e

I c o rre s p o n d in g sp ace.

1 A g o o d e c o n o m i c

____________

a n d a n e a r-g o o d m on s o o n h a v e re s u lt e d in m o s t India n

c o m p a ni e s p a yin g a v e ra g e a n d a bo v e -a v e ra g e bonus e s t h is y e ar, m a k in g t h is f e s tiv e s e a son

a c h e e rf u l o n e . (T U R N)

2 His m usic is e q u a lly s h o c k in g : a ( n )

_____________

(T U R N) s p lurg e o f j e rk i n g b e a t s ,

____________

(T O N E) e l e ctro n i c noise s, h o w lin g v o c a ls a n d th e o cc a sio n a l b u rs t o f ro c k g u it a r t h a t b e a rs

v irt u a ll y n o re l a tio n t o a n y t h i n g e ls e re l e a s e d in t h e g a ra g e g e nre .

3 If th i s w e re t h e case, in cre a s e d in t a k e o f b e t a -c a ro t e n e w o u ld n o t b e e x p e ct e d t o p ro t e c t

a g a i n s t dis e a s e sin c e i t w a s a (n )

_____________

o f som e o t h e r proc e ss a n d n o t in d ic a t iv e o f l o w

d i e t a ry in t a k e . (M A R K)

4 M a n y o f th e w ars w h ic h h a v e t a k e n p l a c e d u rin g t h e h istoric a l p e rio d can b e tra c e d a t l e a st in

p a rt t o such causes; a n d n o t a f e w g o v e rn m e n t s or soci a l s yst e m s h a v e b e e n

____________

b e c a u s e o f fo o d issues. (T U R N)

5 S uch a v ig il m i g h t i n v o lv e f a s t in g a n d a n a ll-n i g h t e xp e ri e n c e o u t d o o rs , d u rin g w h ic h t h e

in i t i a t e c o m e s in d ire c t c o n t a ct w i t h t h e g o d s, d isc o v ers his o r h e r o w n p o w e r and c o n n e c t s

w i t h _____________, t o t e m i c o r g u a rd i a n s pirit s . (T UITIO N)

6 T h e

_____________

c e n tre o f th e m o vi e c o m e s w h e n she is a bo a rd t h e p l a n e , try i n g n o t t o l e t

a n y o n e see h o w g i d d y a n d n a u s e o u s a n d t e rrifi e d sh e is. (T U R N)

7 T h e t e r m

_____________

w a s firs t us e d b y G. H. Lew es. He p o i n t e d o u t t h a t t h e e f f e c t o f pre v io u s

e x p e ri e nc e w as t o e n l a rg e o u r pre s e nt p e rc e ptio n s m a k in g US m ore a n d m ore in d e p e n d e n t

o f t h e i m m e d i a t e s tim u lu s , m ore a n d m ore m ast e rs o f t h e e x t e rn a l w o rld . (PERC EIVE)

8 T his s yst e m re d u c e s t h e n e e d f o r re t a il e rs t o

_____________

(STO C K) la rg e in v e ntori e s o f a

g ro w in g ra n g e o f p ro d u cts , t h e re b y re d u c i n g t h e ir risk o f

_____________

(S T O C K),

_____________

(M A R K), a n d in v e n to ry c arry in g costs.

9 W e a rin g a (n )

____________

(FLE SH) f o a m h e l m e t t h a t g iv e s h er th e p ro p o rtio n s o f a n e w b o rn ,

Le e p e rf orm s a (n )

____________

(C A N N Y) im it a tio n o f a b a b y in t h i s a l m o s t

_____________

(DIA L O G U E ) e x p lo r a tio n o f th e m o t h e r-c h ild b o n d .

10 W it h a b o u t e ig h t l a ps t o g o it st a rt e d t o g e t a l it t l e b it gre asy o u t t h ere , b u t th e w h o l e id e a o f

try i n g t o ru n f a st a t t h e s t a rt is t o m a k e a l e a d so yo u c an c o n tro l t h e

_____________

a t y o u r o w n

p a c e a n d d o t h a t s o rt o f t h in g . (M A R K)

T E A C H E R :

N A M E :

.....

C L A S S :

.....

D A T E :

.................. ... ...... ... ... ...... ... ... ...... ... ... ...... ... ... .

M A R K : ................................................................/ 1 0

T im e : 15 m i n u t e s

N o d ic t i o n a ri e s a n d m a t e ri a ls a r e a ll o w e d .

W ord F orm a tio n Extra Pra ctice 1C

O lym p ic C ont e st

 :I; C hoose th e s u it a b le w o rd fro m t h e b o x a nd s u p p ly its c o rre c t f o rm t h a t fit s in e a ch sp a c e .

B O LD C O R PU S LIN E SCRIPT TUN E

C O N DITIO N E M P L O Y

___

LIV E S U BSIDY

__________

USE

In a d riv e f o r g re a t e r a c c e s s ib ilit y a n d e ffic i e n cy , t h e B ritish g o v e rn m e n t h as a n n o u n c e d t h a t

it p l a ns t o m ak e all p u b lic servic e s, fro m f il i n g t a x re turn s t o ord e rin g re p e a t m e d ic a l

( 1 )

______

_____

, a v a ila ble o n lin e w it h in th e n e x t fiv e ye ars.

A lre a d y c o m p e tit i o n s b e tw e e n d iff e r e n t g o v e rn m e n t d e p a rtm e n t s are b e i n g u s e d t o

( 2 ) _____________c ivil s e rv a n ts t o ( 3 ) ______________t h e ir w e b site s a n d t o pre s e nt in f o rm a t i o n in a(n)

( 4 ) _____________f a s h io n . Th e g o v e rn m e n t

s n e w in f o rm a tio n p ort a l , U K O nlin e , w ill b e s p e c i f i c a lly

(5)

_______

____

t o lif e e v e nts, such as h a v in g a b a b y, d e a lin g w it h crim e o r m o v i n g h ou s e .

E v e ntu a lly it w ill ( 6 )

_____________

in t e ra c tiv e service s, s uch as th e a b ility t o re g ist e r t h e b irt h o f a

b a b y o n li n e .

T h e g re a t e s t ch a ll e n g e f a cin g th e UK O n lin e p ro j e c t is t o e n s ure t h a t its s e rvic e s c a n re ach

e v e ry b o d y . C urre n t ly o n ly a b o u t a q u a rt e r o f UK h o u s e h o ld s h a v e In t e rn e t access, so t h e t h r e a t o f

a w id e n i n g d ig i t a l ( 7 )

_____________

is re al. W it h th is in m in d , t h e g o v e rn m e n t i s s e t t in g u p c e ntre s in

p u b lic librari e s, s choo ls a nd s h o p p in g m a lls t o g iv e In t e rn e t a ccess t o th o s e w h o d o n o t h a v e it a t

h o m e .

C o m p u t e r a n d In t e rn e t tr a in i n g cours e s w i ll b e h e a v ily (8)

____________

, w h il e th e

( 9 )

____________

w i ll b e a b le t o a t t e n d course s f o r n o t h in g a n d w ill b e o ff e re d fre e (1 0 )______________

c o m p u t e rs .

T E A C H E R :

N A M E :

.....

C L A S S :

......

D A T E :

M A R K :

/10

T im e : 15 m in ut e s

No d ictio n a ri e s a nd m at eri a ls are a llo w e d .

W ord F orm a tio n Extra Pra ctice I D

N a tio n a l E x a m in a tio n f or t h e G ift e d

Use t h e w ord g iv e n in c a pita ls t o fo rm a w ord t h a t f it s in t h e c o rre sp o n d in g space.

T h e o ld b e li e f t h a t o b s e s siv e -c o m p u lsiv e d is o rd e r (O C D) w as th e re sult o f lif e e xp e ri e n c e s

has b e e n ( 1 )

___________

(V A LID) b e f o re t h e g ro w in g e v id e n c e t h a t b io lo g i c a l f a c t o rs are p rim a ry

c o n tri b u t o rs t o t h e d isord e r. R ese arch ers u sin g bra in s c a n n ers t o s t u d y p a t i e nts w it h O C D h a v e

f o u n d ( 2 )

_____________

(N O RM) p a t t e rn s o f a ctiv it y in re gion s o f t h e bra in a ssoci a t e d w it h o t h e r

n e uro l o g ic a l d isord ers . Brain scans a lso s h o w th a t , (3) ____________ (IN C ID E N T) w it h cli n i c a l

im p ro v e m e n t , tre a tm e n t o f O C D w it h m e d ic a ti o n or t h ro u g h b e h a vio ur t h e r a p y i n d uc e s ch a n g e s

in t h e s e are a s o f t h e bra in .

F or t h e s e re a sons, O C D is no l o n g e r (4) ____________ (TRIBUT E) t o a ttitu d e s le a rn e d in

c h ild h o o d - f o r e x a m pl e , a(n) ( 5 )_____________(O R DIN A L) e m p h a sis o n cl e a nlin e ss , o r a b e li e f t h a t

c e rt a in t h o u g h t s are u n a cc e p t a b l e . In s t e a d , t h e (6 )

____________

(M E R G E) o f t h e t y p ic a l s y m p t o m s

o f o bs e ssive t h o u g h t s a n d ritu a ls d e si g n e d t o q u e ll th e s e t h o u g h ts is n o w b e li e v e d t o re s ult f ro m a

c o m b i n a ti o n o f n e u ro bio lo g i c a l f a c t ors a n d e n v iro n m e n t a l i n flu e nc e s .

S ym pto m s o f O C D fre q u e n t l y (7)

____________

(E XIST) w i t h o t h e r n e u ro lo g ic a l disord e rs.

T h e re is a n incre a s e d ra t e o f O C D in p e o p l e w it h T o ure tt e

s s y n dro m e , an illn e ss c h a ra ct e ris e d b y

( 8 )

____________

(V O LUN T E E R) m o v e m e n t s a n d v o c a lis a t ion s . It is n o w b e lie v e d b y m a ny e x p ert s

th e re m a y be a g e n e tic in t e rr e la t io n s h ip b e t w e e n O C D , T oure tt e

s s y n dro m e a n d o t h e r sim il a r

illness e s a n d t h a t g e n e t i c s t u d i e s m a y e n a b l e s c ie ntists t o ( 9 ) ____________(PIN) t h e

(1 0 )

____________

(M O LE) basis o f th e s e d isord ers.

D A T E :

M A R K :

T E A C H E R :

N A M E :

....

C L A S S :

....

/ 1 0

Tim e: 15 m in u t e s

N o d i c tio n a ri e s and m a t e ria ls a re a llo w e d .

W ord F orm a tio n Extra Pra ctice 2C

O ly m p ic C o n t e st

l  lì C hoos e th e su it a b l e w ord f ro m th e b o x a nd s u p p ly its c o rre c t form t h a t f it s in e a ch sp a ce .

C O N T R A C T MIS SIO N P R E T E N D SA C R E D T A N G IB L E

F AIL PR E S E NT

PRIC E

S P E N D

W E A R Y

G re a t a rc h it e cture has n e v e r b e en d e p e n d e n t o n t h e ( 1 )

_____________

o f v a s t sum s o f m o n e y.

O ne o f t h e g re a t e s t b u ild i n g s o f all tim e is t h e m o n a st e ry o f S a int e -M ari e d e la T o u re t t e n e a r L yon ,

( 2 )

_____________

in 1960 a n d b u ilt ch e a p ly fro m t h a t m o s t ( 3 )

_____________

o f b u ild i n g m a t e ri a ls -

co n cre t e . Y e t h ere is a b u ild i n g t h a t is a t o n c e as p o o r a n d as ric h as t h e m e n d i c a n t m o n k s fo r

w h o m it w a s d e s ign e d a nd b u ilt . P o or in t e rm s o f co s t a n d t h e m at e ri a ls used t o b u ild it, ric h in

id e a s a nd ( 4 )____________.

T o d a y, m uch n e w a rc h it e ctu r e is slic k a n d p o lis h e d , ere c t e d b y te a m s o f ( 5 )

____________

w o rk in g t o d e sig n s f e d t h ro u g h ( 6 )

_________

c o m p u t e r pro gra m s . T h e b u ild in g s , w h e t h e r o f f i c e

blocks, s h o p p i n g m alls or sch ools, are ( 7 )

_____________

in a b s o lu t e t e rm s , y e t g e n e ra ll y g o o d v a lu e

f o r m o n e y . M o st, h o w e v e r, a re ( 8 )

_____________

o r e v e n c y n ic a l.

La T o u re t t e , by c o n tra s t , is a t o u r d e f o rc e . S et h ig h o n a rid g e o v erlo o k in g th e v in e y a rd s o f

B e a ujo l a is c o u n try , t h i s c o ll e g e a n d m o n a s t e ry w a s ( 9 )

_____________

fro m t h e g r e a t a rc h it e c t Le

C orb u s i e r in 1953. La T o u r e tt e m a rk e d a p r o f o u n d c h a n g e in Le C orbusi er

s a p p ro a c h t o

a rc h i t e ctu re ; a m o v e a w a y f ro m t h e s e vere , w h i t e g e o m e try o f his p re -w a r y e a rs. It also

(10)

____________

a n e w a rc h i t e c t u r e f o r a c h u rc h t ry in g t o c o m e t o t e rm s w i t h a w o rld o f

m o d e rn it y a n d progre ss.

T E A C H E R :.................................................................................... D A T E : ......................................................................

N A M E : .......................................................................................... M A R K: /11

C L A S S :........................................................................ .................. T im e : 15 m i n u t e s

N o d ic t io n a ri e s a n d m a t e ri a l s are a llo w e d .

W ord F orm a tio n Extra Practice 2D

N ation a l E xa m in a tio n f o r th e G ifte d

 % Us e t h e w o rd g i v e n in c a p it a l s t o f o rm a w o rd t h a t f it s in t h e c o rre s p o n d in g sp a ce.

U ntil t h e e n d o f t h e e ig h t e e n t h c e ntu ry , m o st a rtist s w ork e d on t h e b asis o f c a rryin g o u t

sp e c ific ( 1 ) ____________(MIS SIO N) f o r c h u rch e s , ro y a l c o u rts or w e a lth y p riv a te c oll e c tors , a n d

th u s e njo y e d a m e a s ure o f fin a nc i a l s e curity. T his form o f ( 2 ) ____________(PA T R O N) d e c lin e d in

t h e f o ll o w in g c e n t u ry , h o w e v e r, a nd p a in t e rs a n d s c u lp t o rs w ere in cre a s in g ly ( 3 )

____________

(H OLD) f o r t ry in g t o s ell t h e ir w ork s on t h e o p e n m ark e t, w it h t h e ir m a in ( 4 )

_____________

(L E T)

b e in g larg e o f f ic i a l e x h i b i t i o n s in w h ic h t h e ir w ork w a s d is pl a y e d a lo n g w i t h t h a t o f t h e ir

c o m p e tit o rs . T his m a d e lif e h a rd f o r m a n y artist s , e sp e cia lly fo r ( 5 )

____________

(P A T H) w h o s e s tyl e

d id n o t c o in c id e w i t h p u b lic ta st e .

Sinc e t h e s e c o n d h a lf o f t h e n in e t e e n t h c e n t u ry th e ris e o f sm all co m m e rc i a l g a ll e rie s u n d e r

priv a te (6 )

____________

(P R O P RIE TY) has giv e n a rtists b e t t e r o p p o rt u n it i e s t o dis p l a y t h e ir w ork ,

b u t n e v ert h e l e s s m a ny a rtis t s s t ill g o t h ro u g h p e rio d s o f c o n s id e ra bl e f in a n c i a l ( 7 )

____________

(F O RTUN E).

R ec e ntly c o m p a n y sp o n s ors h ip , e s p e c i a lly in th e f o rm o f priz e s, has b e g u n t o p a rt i a ll y f il l t h e

g a p le ft b y t h e ( 8 )_____________(IN T E G R AT E) o f p riv a t e p a tro n s. F or e x a m p l e , t h e h ig h-s tre e t b a n k

N a t W e st o ff e rs a n a n n u a l a rt p riz e w o rt h a to t a l o f £ 36,00 0 - in c lu d in g 11 a w ards o f £1 ,000 t o all

fin a lists .

H o w e v e r, u n lik e ( 9 ) _____________(N O MIN A T E ) fo r lit e ra t u r e pri z e s such as t h e B ook er, w h o

u su a lly e n j o y i n cre a s e d s al es as a(n) (1 0 )

____________

(SPIN) fro m a p p e a rin g o n t h e s h o rtlist, a rt ists

d o n o t n e c e ss a rily b e n e fit f ro m t h e m e d ia ( 1 1 ) ____________(R E PO RT) g e n e ra t e d b y w i n n in g a

priz e . O ne r e c e nt w i n n e r o f t h e c o n tro v e rs i a l T urn e r Priz e f o u n d t h a t g a ll e rie s d i d n o t o ff e r h er

s u b s e qu e n t e x h ib itio n s , as she h a d ho p e d, b e c a use t h e y f e lt she w a s

to o o b v i o u s a c a n d i d a t e f o r

in v it a t io n

T E A C H E R :

N A M E :

....

C L A S S :

....

D A T E : ......................................................................

M A R K :

...............................................................

/1 0

T im e : 15 m i n u t e s

N o d i c tio n a ri e s a n d m a t e ri a l s a re a llo w e d .

W ord F orm a tio n Extra Practic e 3 C

O ly m pic C o n t e s t

C h o o s e t h e s u it a b l e w o rd fro m t h e b o x a n d s u p p ly its c o rre c t f o rm t h a t f i t s in e a c h s p a c e .

I ’

C O N V E N IE N T

E V E N T M O N E Y

T A S T E U N D E R S T A N D

C RITIC

 M E N

R E S E NT

T H E R A P Y

VIE

In a n e ff o rt t o e scap e fro m t h e ir h e c tic a n d ( 1 )

______________

c it y live s, m ore a nd m ore

N ort h ern E urop e a n s are b u y in g h o us e s in rura l are as o f Franc e , S p a in, It a ly a n d G re e c e . S o m e

re lo c a t e p e rm a n e n t l y in se arch o f a m ore m e a n in g f u l e x ist e n c e . T h os e w h o c a n n o t a f f o rd t o g i v e

u p t h e ir j o b s se e k a(n) ( 2 )

_____________

re s p it e fro m t h e ir stre s sful lif e s t y l e by r e l a xi n g f o r a f e w

w e e ks e a ch y e ar in t h e ir s e c o n d h o m e in t h e sun.

H o w e v e r, m a n y o f tho s e w h o re lo c a t e p e rm a n e n t l y f in d t h a t lif e in t h e c o u n t ry is n o t as

q u i e t a n d (3)

____________

as t h e y h a d a n t i c i p a t e d . A s p e cts o f vill a g e lif e w h i c h s e e m e d

( 4 )

_____________

a t m o s p h e ric in t h e co n t e x t o f a t w o -w e e k h o l id a y ca n g ra t e on th e n e rv e s w h e n

you liv e w it h th e m on a d a ily basis. R ec e ntly a g ro u p o f B ritish re s id e n ts in an It a li a n v i l l a g e to o k

lo c a l f a rm e rs t o c o u rt be c a use t h e y f o u n d th e sm e ll o f t h e v ill a g e rs

p igs ( 5 ) _____________. In o t h e r

cases, f o re i g n e rs h a v e c o m p l a in e d t o n e ig h b o u rs a b o u t t h e e n t h u s i a sti c e a rly -m o rn i n g c ro w i n g o f

t h e ir cock ere ls, o r t o v ill a g e pri e sts a b o u t th e re g u l a r t o ll i n g o f ch u rc h b ells.

( 6 )

____________

, t h e loc a l i n h a b it a n t s are s o m e w h a t ( 7 )

_____________

o f th e s e a t t itu d e s . T h e y

a rg u e t h a t t h e for e ig n e rs ha v e a(n) ( 8 )

_____________

v i e w o f w h a t c o u n try lif e is lik e a n d t h a t , since

n o -o n e f o rc e d t h e m t o c o m e a n d liv e in a v ill a g e , t h e y are b e in g (9)

____________

b y n o w

c o m p l a in i n g a b o u t t h e ( 1 0 )

_____________

o f rura l lif e .

D A T E :

M A R K :

T E A C H E R :

N A M E :

.....

C L A S S :

.....

./11

T im e : 15 m in u t e s

No d ic tio n a rie s a nd m a t eri a ls are a llo w e d .

W ord F orm a tio n E xtra Practice 3D

N a t io n a l E x a m in a t io n f o r t h e G ift e d

Use t h e w o rd g iv e n in c a p it a ls t o f o rm a w ord t h a t fits in t h e co rre s p o n d in g space.

In 1 887 t h e G e rm a n a rc h a e o lo g is t H e inric h S ch lie m a n n v isit e d th e sit e o f Knossos in C re t e

a n d b e c a m e c o n v in c e d t h a t a s u b st a n ti a l p a l a c e la y w a i t i n g t o b e (1)

____________

(E A R TH).

H o w e v e r, his a t t e m p t s t o p u rch a s e l a n d a t t h e sit e w ere ( 2 )

____________

(C O N T E N T) b y its T urk i s h

o w n e rs a nd t h e g e n e ra l p o lit ic a l (3) _ _ _ _ _ _ (H E AV E) l e a d in g u p t o t h e e n d o f T urkish ru l e in

C rete . F iv e y e a rs e arli e r S chli e m a nn h a d e n t e rt a i n e d a y o u n g E nglis h s chol a r, A rth u r E vans, a t his

h o m e in A t h e n s a n d h a d s p o k e n ( 4 )

_____________

(LYRE) o f his d e sire t o d ig a t t h e sit e fro m

w h e n c e , a cc o rd in g t o H o m e r

c a m e f o rt h t h e m e n o f K nossos

. Iro n ic a lly, i t w a s t o b e t h e

E ng lishm a n w h o e xp o s e d th i s gre a t a rc h a e o lo g ic a l priz e .

E vans a rriv e d in C re t e in M arch 1894 a n d im m e d i a t e l y ra n i n to e s s e n tia lly t h e s a m e p ro b l e m s

t h a t h a d ( 5 )

____________

(LE A G U E) S c h lie m a n n in his e fforts t o p u rch a s e t h e l a n d a t K nossos.

H o w e v e r, E vans p e rs e v e re d a n d , p ro v i d e n t l y , t h e ( 6 )

_____________

(EXPEL) o f th e T urks in 18 98

re m o v e d t h e m a j o r o b s t a c l e t o his w ork . B y M a rch 1900 E vans h a d b o u g h t t h e l a n d a n d

(7) _ _ _ _ _ (INT E R) b e g a n . H e s o o n re a lis e d h e w as d e a lin g w it h a(n) (8 )

____________

(CLASS)

sit e f a r o l d e r e v e n t h a n t h e M yc e n a e a n p erio d , a nd n a m e d t h e (9 )

____________

(C O V ER) c iv ili s a t io n

M in o a n

a f t e r t h e m yth i c a l C re t a n k in g .

T h e f a ct t h a t E va ns w a s f in a n c i a ll y i n d e p e n d e n t a n d o w n e d t h e sit e p e rs o n a lly a llo w e d h im

t o act s o m e w h a t (1 0 )

____________

(W E E N) a n d e n a b l e d h im t o m a k e t h e s till h ig h ly c o n tro v e rs i a l

d e cisio n t o (11)

____________

(STR U C TUR E) p a rt s o f t h e pa la c e , ra th e r t h a n j u s t re v e al it. N o

pro f e s s io n a l a rc h a e o l o g ist w o u l d b e a llo w e d , o r w o u ld in d e e d e x p e c t , t o c a rry o u t such a w o rk

a g a in.

D A T E :

M A R K :

T E A C H E R:

N A M E :

....

C L A S S :

....

./10

Tim e: 15 m in u t e s

N o dic t io n a ri e s a nd m a t eria ls a r e a llo w e d .

W ord F orm a tio n Extra Pra ctice 4C

O ly m pic C o n t e s t

I C ho ose t h e s u it a b le w ord f ro m t h e b o x a nd s u p p ly its c orre c t f o rm t h a t f it s in e a c h spa c e .

B ULLIO N

D E P E ND E N T IN TIM A T E MU T A T E TR A N SIT

C O N TIN E N T DISPENSE

LU CRE STON E V O W

Im p ort a n t soci a l c h a n g e s are t a kin g pla c e in t h e are a s o f m a rri a g e a n d th e f a m ily . T h e r e is

a(n) ( 1 )

_____________

re v o lu tio n g o i n g o n in h o w w e t h in k o f o urs e lv e s a nd h o w w e f o rm t i e s a n d

( 2 ) ________

____

w it h o th ers .

W h a t m o s t p e o p l e c all t h e t r a d itio n a l f a m ily w a s in f a c t a(n) ( 3 )

_____________

p h a s e in f a m i l y

d e v e l o p m e n t in t h e 1950s. By t h e n t h e id e a t h a t ro m a ntic lo v e w a s t h e b e st

(4 )______________o f m a rria g e h a d re pla c e d t h e c o n c e p t o f m a rria g e as a(n) ( 5 )

_____________

c o n tr a ct.

T h e f a m i l y has since ch a n g e d f u rt h e r.

In t h e t r a d itio n a l f a m ily t h e m a rri e d c o u p l e w a s o n l y o n e p a rt o f t h e f a m ily s y s t e m . Tie s w it h

c h ild r e n a nd o t h e r re l a tiv e s w e r e ( 6 )

____________

in d a y-to -d a y e xist e nc e . T o d a y t h e c o u p le is a t

t h e core o f w h a t t h e f a m il y is. W h il e s t a t is tic a ll y m a rri a g e is s till t h e n orm , f o r m o s t p e o p le its

s ig n if ic a n c e has c o m p l e t e ly c h a n g e d. A lth o u g h m a rri a g e p ro m o t e s t h e (7)

_____________

o f a

re l a t i o n s h ip b y m a kin g a p u b lic (8)

____________

o f c o m m i t m e n t , it is n o w t h e q u a li t y o f t h e

co u p l e

s r e l a t i o n s h i p w h ic h is co n s id e re d t h e m o s t i m p o rt a n t e l e m e n t.

A c o u p l e has its o w n e x clu siv e his t ory. It is a u n i t b a s e d u p o n e m o tio n a l c o m m u n ic a tio n o r

(9 )_____________. C o m m u n ic a ti o n is b o th t h e m e a ns o f e s t a b lis h i n g t h e t i e in t h e firs t p l a c e a n d t h e

basis f o r e n s u rin g c o n ti n u in g ( 1 0 )

_____________

in t h e r e l a tio n s h ip .

T E A C H E R :

N A M E :

.....

C L A S S :

.....

D A T E :

........................... ......... ..................... ............

M A R K : .............................................................../1 0

T im e : 15 m in u t e s

N o d ic t io n a ri e s a nd m a t e ri a ls are a llo w e d .

W ord F orm a tio n Extra Practice 4D

N a tio n a l E x a m in a t io n f o r t h e G ift e d



U se t h e w o rd g i v e n in c a p it a ls t o f o rm a w o rd t h a t f it s in th e c o rr e s p o n d i n g sp a c e .

G iv e n t h e ( 1 )

_____________

(A S S AIL) e vid e nc e o f t h e e n v iro n m e n t a l d a m a g e c a u s e d by

b u rn in g fossil fu e ls , re s e arch i n t o ( 2 )

____________

(O R T H) m e t h o d s o f pro p e lli n g v e hicle s is n o w

b e in g i n t e n s if i e d . B a tt e ry -p o w e re d v e h icl e s h a v e e xist e d for a w h ile , b u t t h e ir uses are li m it e d by

t h e size a n d w e ig h t o f t h e b a tte ri e s , th e fr e q u e n t n e e d f o r (3 )

____________

(C H A R G E) and t h e lo w

sp e e d s t h e y a c hie v e . T h e m a in th ru s t o f c u rr e n t re s e a rch is t o f i n d w a y s o f l e n g t h e n in g t h e

dista nc e s t h a t ca n b e t r a v e ll e d b y a lt e rn a tiv e f u e l v e h icle s a n d m in i m is i n g t h e siz e a nd w e i g h t o f

t h e o n-b o a rd fu e l-p ro c e ss in g c o m p o n e n t s .

T h e m o s t p ro m i s in g a ppro a c h a t p re s e n t is t h e f u e l c e ll, a d e v ic e sim il a r t o a b a t t e ry t h a t

co n v e rts t h e c h e m ic a l e n e rg y o f a f u e l i n t o e le c tricity a n d h e at w it h o u t c o m b u s t i o n as an

in t e rm e d i a t e s t e p. U nlik e b a tt e ri e s , h o w e v e r, fu e l c e lls store t h e ir (4 )

____________

(A C T) (h y d ro g e n

a nd o x y g e n) e xt e rn a lly, a n d o p e ra t e (5 )

____________

(R E MIT) as lo n g as t h e y are su p p li e d w i t h fu e l.

F u el c ells e m it a l m o s t n o n e o f t h e p o llu t i o n re l e a s e d b y c o n v e n t i o n a l e n g i n e s a nd in a d d it i o n t h e y

ca n u tilis e a w id e v a ri e t y o f f u e ls if a fu e l pro c e s s or is use d t o re le ase t h e h y dro g e n c o n t a in e d in

th e m .

H ow e v e r, f u e l ce lls o p e ra t e b e st on p ure h y dro g e n a n d sto rin g t h i s on bo a rd a f u e l cell

v e h icle g re a tly s im p lif y t h e ( 6 )

____________

(PR O P E L) s yst e m d e s ig n b y ( 7 )______________(LIM E N)

t h e ne e d f o r o n -b o a rd fu e l proc e s sin g . B e cause h y dro g e n is n o rm a lly a gas, a l a rg e v o l u m e is

n e e d e d t o p ro v id e t h e s a m e d ri v in g ra n g e as to d a y

s a u t o m o b il e s . T his c a n b e a c hi e v e d e ith e r b y

storin g ( 8 ) _____________(LIQ UID) h y d ro g e n in in s u la t e d s tora g e t a n k s a t a lo w t e m p e ra t u re or b y

u sin g p re s suris e d stora g e t a n k s fo r (9 )

____________

(PRESS) h y d ro g e n . H o w e v e r, a l o t o f w o rk still

n e e ds t o be d o n e o n le s s e ning t h e w e ig h t a n d cost o f th e s e c o m p o n e n t s b e fore fu e l c e ll v e h icle s

b e co m e a tru l y (1 0 )

____________

(VIE) a lt e rn a tiv e f o r m o s t m otorists.

D A T E :

M A R K :

T E A C H E R :

N A M E :

.....

C L A S S :

.....

./10

T im e : 15 m in u t e s

N o d ic t io n a ri e s a n d m a t eria ls a re a llo w e d .

W ord F orm a tion Extra Practice 5C

O ly m p ic C o n t e st

C hoos e t h e s u it a b l e w ord fro m th e b o x a n d s u p p l y its c orre ct form t h a t f it s in e a ch sp a c e .

BRO W

MERGE

PATH PLAY PRO TE C T

FRUIT N O RM

PROBAT E

ST RU C TUR E

T h e b e li e f t h a t p l a y has a(n) ( 1 )

_____________

p urp o s e - t h a t o f a c q u irin g skills a nd e x p e ri e n c e

n e e d e d in a d u lt h o o d - is a n o ld on e . M o d e rn sci e nc e ( 2 )

_____________

th is b e lie f . O n e o f t h e m o s t

im p o rt a n t m e ss a g e s t o ( 3 )

____________

fro m b io l o g ic a l re se arch is t h a t in d iv id u a ls a re a c tiv e

a g e n ts in t h e ir o w n d e v e l o p m e n t - s e e kin g o u t a n d a c q u iri n g e xp e ri e n c e s , s e n s a t io n s a n d skills

t h a t th e y w ill n e e d l a t e r in lif e.

H o w e v e r, st u d i e s s h o w t h a t n o w a d a y s m a ny B ritish p a r e n t s ( 4 )

_____________

t h e i r o f f s p rin g

a nd o p p o rt u n it i e s f o r ( 5 )

_____________

pla y h a v e b e e n re p la c e d b y t e l e v ision , c o m p u t e r g a m e s or

org a nis e d p h y s ic a l a ctivit i e s su ch as s w im m in g or b a ll e t cla sses. ( 6 )

____________

a c t iv it i e s such as

ro a m in g a b o u t o u t d o o rs w i t h frie n d s , o r e v e n s im p l y w a lk in g a lo n e t o a n d fro m s c h o o l, are

b e co m in g in cre a s in g ly rare. In a d d itio n , m a ny p a re n t s p u t t o o m u c h e m p h a sis o n a c a d e m ic

a c h i e v e m e n t , pre s s uring t h e ir c h ild re n t o b e c o m e lit e r a t e a n d n u m e ra t e a t th e e a rli e st p o s s ib l e

a g e . In t h e ir a m b itio n o r a n x i e t y , p a re n t s (7)

____________

t h e im p o rt a n c e o f t h e s e e m in g ly

(8 )

_______

a ctiv iti e s o f c h ild h o o d a nd t h u s risk d a m a g in g th e ir c h ildre n p s y c h o l o g i c a lly .

W it h o u t t h e ri g h t f o rm a tiv e e x p e ri e n c e s, s o m e m a y f i n d it h a rd t o c o p e w it h c o n fli c t o r m a y

b e c o m e ( 9 )

____________

. In th e lo n g t e rm t h is c o u ld r e s u lt in p o o re r a tt a in m e n t ; l a t e r in lif e , as w e ll

as p e rs o n a l u n h a p p in e ss a n d ( 1 0 )_____________.

D A T E :

M A R K :

T E A C H E R :

N A M E :

.....

C L A S S :

.....

./10

T im e : 15 m in u t e s

No d ic tio n a rie s a nd m a t e ria ls are a llo w e d .

W ord F orm a tio n Extra Practice 5D

N a tio n a l E x a m in a t io n f o r t h e G ift e d

Use t h e w o rd g iv e n in c a pita ls t o fo rm a w ord t h a t fit s in th e c o rre sp o n d in g space.

N e v e r in h u m a n h is t o ry has a p o p u l a tio n so (1 )

____________

(WILL) a n d d e lib e ra t e ly d e f i e d

n a t u r e as has t h e pre s e n t g e n e ra ti o n . H o w h a v e w e d e f i e d it? W e h a v e surviv e d . Life e x p e ct a n c y a t

t h e s t a rt o f t h e 19th c e n t u ry w a s sc arc e ly 4 0 ye a rs. O ver t h e cours e o f t h e la st h a lf-c e ntury , i t has

c o n t i n u e d t o in cre a s e s t e a d il y b y t w o y e a rs e a ch de c a d e . O ur ( 2 )____________(PR E C E D E) s u rv iv a l

has pro d u c e d a r e v o l u ti o n in (3)

____________

(L E N G T H) w h ic h is s h a ki n g th e fo u n d a t i o n s o f

soci e tie s a ro u n d t h e w orl d .

T h e id e a t h a t th e p h ysic a l ( 4 )

____________

(G E N E) a ss o ci at e d w it h o l d a g e is s o m e th in g fix e d

or ( 5 )

_____________

(M U T A T E ) ha s c o m e t o b e se en in a n e w a n d q u e stio n in g li g h t . T h e n e w

re alis a tion is t h a t sci e nc e no lo n g e r d ic t a t e s t h a t o u r b o d i e s h a v e t o d e clin e t o w a rd s

(6 )

____________

(C R E PIT A TIO N) a n d d i e a cc o rd in g t o s o m e (7 )

_____________

(O R D AIN) pla n .

M a n y o f o u r (8) _ _ _ _ _ (C O N C EIV E) a b o u t w h y a n d h o w w e a g e are b e g in n in g t o b e

( 9 )

____________

(T U R N) b y re c e n t a dva n c e s in g e n e tics a n d g e n o m e rese arch, a n d it is li k e ly t h a t

w e w ill s o o n u n d e rs t a n d th e a g e in g proc e ss e v e n b e t t e r t h a n w e d o a t pre s e n t . W e n o w re a lis e

t h a t o u r b o d i e s are n o t p ro g ra m m e d w it h s o m e u n a v o id a bl e (1 0 )____________(SELL) d a t e . In d e e d ,

t h e m ore w e le arn a b o u t h o w w e a g e , t h e m ore w e c o m e t o re a lise t h a t w e are p ro g r a m m e d f o r

surviv a l. It is b y u n d e rs t a n d in g w h y th is p ro g ra m m in g f a lls s h o rt o f a llo w in g US t o s urviv e

in d e fin it e ly t h a t w e m a y l e a rn d e e p l e ssons t h a t w e ca n t u rn t o o u r a d v a n t a g e .

Key to Word Formation Practice

1 s e lf-a d ju s tin g

2 o v e rc a p a c ity

3 in e x pre s s iv e ly

4 ill-f a m e d

6 f o re k n o w l e d g e

7 s e m i-o ffic i a l

8 u n p a tro n i s in g

9 u n d e rp re p a re d

5 b y g o n e s, b y g o n e 10 irre f u t a b ilit y

1 U n w a n t e d

2 c o n tra c e p tio n

3 U ltra so u n d s

4 lo p sid e d

5 im b a l a nc e

6 in s t a b ilit y

7 pre -n a t a l

8 u n d e rly in g

9 d is a b ili t y

10 b e t t e r-e d u c a t e d

W ord F orm a ti o n P ra c tic e 1A

1 U n b e k n o w n(s t) 6 o f fic e -b e a r e rs

s e lf-e xpre ssiv e

fore g o n e ,

fore g o e rs

pre -pre p a re d

p a tro n a g e ,

e m p a tro n e d

7 in c a p a c it a tio n

8 u n a d ju s t e d

9 u n r e f u t e d

1 0 d e f a m a to ry

W ord F orm a t io n P ra c tic e 1 B

1 c o m m e n t a ri a t

2 ill-c o n c e iv e d

3 u n a c c u s t o m e d

4 f a n t a s t i c a tio n

5 n o n ‘

e n f o rc e m e n t

6 h y p e rin s tru m e n t

7 s e lf -r e g u la t o ry /

a u t o re g u la t o ry

8 u n s u b s t a n ti a t e d

9 p r e su p p o s itio n

1 0 u n t o u ris t e d

1 in fl a m m a t i o n

2 a irb o rn e

3 p i n p o i n t e d

4 a ntifu n g a l

5 f o re w a rn in g

6 u p l i f t e d

7 p re d e f in e d

8 e v a lu a t io n

9 s e t-u p s

1 0 m ic ro -o rg a n is m s

c u m b e rs o m e 6 b i o m e tric

2 u n p r e c e d e n t e d 7 e x tra v a g a n tly

3 b e n ig h t e d 8 o v e r-s tri c t

o n e ro u s 9 o u t p u t

o f f l o a d e d

10 a s ylu m -s e e k e rs

 H H H f l W o r d F o rm a t io n P ra ctic e 2 A

u n b e c o m i n g ly

6 o d o ur-b lin d n e s s K V 1

a u t o -ic o n 6 n o n-c o n t e n t io u s

p o i n t-b l a n k e rs

7 s t e p p i n g -u p E m I 2

u rb ic id e

7 u n b e c o m in g n e s s

3 d i s c o n t e n t e d n e s s 8 t e l e vis a bl e 3 m a lc o n t e nts

8 t e l e v i e w in g

ic o n o g r a p h ic a lly

9 n o n -u rb a n 4

d e o d o ra n t s

9 m is a lig n m e n t

h e a d lin e 

10 u n v iti a t e d 5 v ic is s it u d i n o u s

10 o u t s t e p p i n g

g r a b b in g

in d e f a tig a b l y 9 i n s a t i a ble 1 p e n m a ns h ip 16 b e d e ck e d

in c a n d e sc e ntly

10 int e rsp e rs e U l 2

e l a b o ra t e 17 h i e ro g ly p h s

d e s p o il e d 11 irk s o m e 3 c h ro n ic l e

18 m in i a tu re s

m e d d l e s o m e 12 c o n t e m p t u o u s 4 b e w ild e r e d

19 i n s c rip t i o n s

d is f ig u re d

13 c irc u it o u s 5

m isc a rri e d

2 0 d e c i p h e r e d

6 tr e n d -s e tt i n g 14 im m e a su r a b l e 6 e n g e n d e rin g 21 u n v e il

ru n -d o w n 15 on e ro u s 7 c o n u rb a ti o n s 22 a s p ira tio n s

in d o m i t a b l e

u n e a rth e d

23 d o w n f a ll

a w e -in s p irin g 2 4 p re dis p o s e

10 d i s a p p e ara n c e

25 a s sim il a tio n

11 p e nin s u l a

26 w h e re fore s

12 d is/u n c o v e re d

27 d o w n s w in g

13 b e t o k e n s

14 o m n ip o t e n t

15 o v e rl o rd s

EEI

W o rd F o rm a t i o n P ra c tic e 2 B

d e b o n e d 6

b e li e d H

1 1

s u b m e rg e

6 n o n -p ro f it

e g o c e n tri c

b e lit t lin g l y tLm 2

T ra n s-A frica n

kic k-st a rt

c o u n t e r 

u n s o u g h t 3

h a n d s e ts

8 b e d e v ill e d

re v o lu t io n a ry

n o c t o v i s io n

m in u t i a e

9 p ro g n o s t ic a tio n s

n o n -in v o l v e m e n t 1 0 u n m e d d l e d -w it h 5

h y p e rlo c a l 10 f o re k n o w le d g e

n o n -k n o w l e d g e

m i s in t e rp re t e d

re org a nisin g

fro n t i e rs m a n 7

viscera l

n e rv e -s h re d d in g 8

e x c ru ci a tin g ly

l a ndsc a p e s

s u b p lo t s

b lo c k b u s t e rs

1 0 o v e rp o w e ri n g

e n c u m b r a n c e

d e r a d i c a lis e d

n o n -i n d u stri a l

in o p e r a b ly

e q u i p a rt i t i o n

d is q u a lif i e d

a b o m i n a ti o n

d ru m b e a t

h a ple ss

in e p t

6 p e a c e -m o n g e rs 1

7 r e v i e w a b i lit y W Jm 2

8 o f f s h o r e d 3

9 m i c ro t e c h n o l o g y 4

1 0 a v it a m in o s is 5

W o rd F orm a tio n P ra ctic e 3 A

re in d u s t ri a lis a t io n 6 p e a c e k e e p in g

t e l e o p e ra t e d

c o -p a rt n e rs h ip

re vit a li s in g

d i s e n c u m b e rin g

7 p e e r-re v i e w i n g

8 in e ra d ic a bly

9 u n t e c h n i c a l

1 0 fo re s h ore s

6 s u b v e rsio n

7 x e n o p h o b i c

8 o u tbre a k s

9 b e h e a d in g s

1 0 d is g ra c e fu lly

in b u ilt

in t e rc o n v e rt i b le

E rror-rid d e n

u n fl e d g e d

m i n e d-o u t

m e m ora b ili a

s e n d -u p

b i g w ig s

u n c h a ris m a tic

re i n v ig o ra t e

6 s e lf-m a n a g e m e n tl

7 fo r e s h a d o w I

8 b i o s y n t h e tic

9 v a in g l o rio u s

1 0 v a ric o lo u re d

W ord F orm a tio n P ra ctic e 3B

u n c o n s t it u t i o n a l

e x o n e ra t e d

b re a k o u t

d e li n q u e n c y /

d e re lic t io n

e n t h r a llin g

6 p ro -A v e ry

y m e lo d r a m a /

o v e r-d ra m a t is a ti o n

8 r a ti o c in a tio n

9 in d i s cr e tio n s

10 v itrio l

6 T ra n s-P a cific

7 u n d e rw a t e r

8 o u ts p o k e n

9 s h o o -in

1 0 c o n f ro n t a tio n a l

o v er-c a f f e i n a t e d

m icro c a psule s

m iscre a nts

f o u r-h a n d e d

o u t l a n d e rs

in e s c a p a b l e

w e ll-w o rn

re vit a lis e d

in t e rlo c k i n g

n e rf-h erd e rs

6 t a n t a m o u n t

7 c y b e rp h o b ic

8 a u t o co rre l a ti o n

9 o v e rs t a ffin g

1 0 u n f o r e to ld

g cross-

g e n e r a t io n a l

7 s u b -b ra n d s

8 a rc h e ty p a l

9 c o n s p ira t o ri a l

1 0 r e d e m p ti o n

W o rd F orm a tio n P ra ctic e 4 A

d e c a p s u l a t e d

p h o t o p h o b i a

u n st a f f e d

n o n -r e l a tiv e

re cre a n t

6 l a n d -g r a b b in g

7 t e ll-t a le

8 d e m o u n t a b l e

9 c a ff e in e -fre e

10 f o u r-d i m e n s io n a l

W o rd F o rm a t i o n P ra c ti c e 4 B

m i s c o n d u c t e d

re -e n t e ra bl e

b io tra n s fo rm a tio n

g e n d e r-

n o n c o n f o rm in g

a le xia

u n d e rp i n n in g

u n h y g i e n ic

h ard-n o s e d

tr a d e-o ffs

lo v e lorn

6 m is c o n s tru e d

7 s o u l-d e stro yin g

8 d e c o n t e xtu a lis a t io n

9 m u ltiv e rs ity

1 0 w h o l e h e a rt e d n e ss

6 lik e -m in d e d

7 n o n -d ig it a l

8 w in n o w

9 o n c e -o n e ro u s

1 0 m e lt in g -p o t s

1 b e h e m o t h s

2 In t e rf e ro m e t e r

3 cross-e x a m in ing

4 s u p e rh e a vy

5 i m p a l p a b l e

6 c o e xi s t

7 s u p e rim p o s e d

8 d is c o m p o s u re

9 c o n st e l l a t io n

10 re c o n d i t i o n e d

1 u n fle s h e d

2 d e f l e s h i n g

3 u nre m a rk a bly

4 e a rm ark e d

5 u n p erc e pt iv e n e s s

1 in t e rc o n t in e n t a l

2 s y n c hro n isin g

3 e a rm a rkin g

4 u n d e rt a kin g s

5 u n s h e lt e re d

6 p ro m u lg a tio n

7 p ro c u ra ble

8 E lim in a t e

9 o v ip o s it

1 0 pro c re a tio n

6 i m p e rc e p t i b i lit y

7 o v e r-t u t o ri n g

8 u n t u t o r e d

9 p a g e -tu rn i n g

1 0 n o n -r e t u rn a b l e

11 o u t liv e d

12 d o w n h i ll

13 i m p e rv io u s

1 4 lif e -t h re a t e n in g

1 5 n o n -c o m p li a n c e

1 6 E nlist

17 in c a p a cit a t e d

18 o ff s p rin g

19 irr e v o c a b l e

2 0 in c o rp o r a t e

W ord F o rm a tio n P ra c tic e 5

1 w e ll-t u to r e d

2 d o w n t u rn s

3 h a llm a rk

4 p e rc e ptu o s p a t i a l

5 e n fle s h e d

1 s u p e rp o w e r

2 a p o cry p h a

3 fre n e t i c a ll y

4 s e lf-re stra i n t

5 st a k e h o l d er

6 u n p re c e d e nt e d

7 e m b o ld e n

8 b e l a t e d

9 u n t h r e a t e n in g l y

1 0 p r e t e x t

6 t u t e l a g e

7 fl e s h -e a t in g

8 u n t u rn e d

9 n o -m a rk s

10 a p p e rc e p t i o n

11 c o n f ro n t a tio n

12 irr e v e rs ib l e

13 in tim id a t i o n

1 4 o v e rf li g h t

15 f u ll-t h ro a t e d

1 i n d e m n ific a ti o n

2 u n ill u m i n a t e d

3 in c o m m e n s ura b le s

4 a no m a lo u s ly

5 m a lo c c lu sio n s

6 ill-o m e n e d

7 im p re g n a b ly

8 m a lp re s e n t a tio n

9 i m p u g n a b l e

1 0 irre b u t t a b l e

1 c o ll a b o ra t e

2 m o n o p o li s e d

3 c irc u m scrib e d

4 e n g e n d e re d

5 e n c a psu l a t e d

6 p ro c e d ure s

7 w a lk o u t s

8 a d voc a cy

9 s e lf-s a crific e

1 0 d is o b e d i e n c e

11 pro lif e ra t e d

1 2 tr a v e s t y

13 l e f t -w in g

11 dis s e v ere d

12 m iss h a p e n n e s s

13 d is t e n s ib ili t y

14 d e th ro n e m e n t

15 n o n -u n io n i s e d

16 a v a scu l a r

17 d e v itrif ic a tio n

18 n o n -v o l a til e

19 u n w a rra n t a bly

2 0 u n y i e l d i n g l y

14 u n d e rg ro u n d

15 n o t e w o rt h y

16 u p risin g

17 in fl a m e d

1 8 s e gre g a t io n

1 9 a c c u m u l a t e d

2 0 a nti-n u c l e a r

21 d e g e n e ra t e

2 2 re surg e n t

23 d i s in t e gra t e d

2 4 c o m m i s s i o n

25 u n a tt a in a b l e

S u p p l e m e n t a ry P ra c tic e 1

1 fre e-h a nd e d n e s s

2 n o -k n o c k

3 n o -w in

4 n o -h o p e rs

5 n o -bra in e rs

6 fre e-sp o k e n

7 fre e l o a d in g

8 fre e-ra n g e

9 fo rb e a ra n c e

1 0 fre e-a s soci a t e

11 n o - a c c o u n t

12 f r e e -s p iri t e d

13 f r e e t h in k i n g

1 4 f o rg o n e

15 n o -n o n s e ns e

1 w e ll-t h o u g h t -o f

2 u p b ri n g in g

3 i m p a rt

4 In c o rp o ra t i n g

5 f o o t a g e

6 in s i g h t

h e a rt -re n d i n g l y /

7 h e a rt-b r e a k i n g ly /

d i s h e a rt e n in g ly

8 i n d o c trin a t e d

9 a d rif t

1 0 hin dra n c e (s)

11 p rio rit is in g

12 i m p e c u n io u s n e ss

13 d is p l a c e d

1 4 t e n d e r-h e a rt e d n e s s

15 u n w a v e rin g

1 6 d e n ig r a t e d

1 7 m i s in t e rp r e t a tio n s

u n s u rp a s s e d /

u n s u rp a s s a b l e

.jg i n v i g o r a t i n g /

v i g o ro u s

2 0 e n r a p t u re d

1 b u re a u cra tis a t io n

2 c o m m o n w e a lt h s

3 m a yor a lti e s

4 m is a llo c a tio n

5 u n st a te s m a n lik e

6 a n t i-c o rru p t i o n

7 in t e rd e p a rtm e n t a l

8 s e m i-a u t o n o m o u s

9 s e lf-p o licin g

1 0 p a t rilo c a l

m e t ro p o lis e s /

m e g a lo p o lis e s

2 m u ltira c i a l

3 s to p g a p

4 i n d e m n i t y

5 u p h e ld

6 a s s i m il a t io n

7 d e s e g re g a t io n

8 m a l-/ill-tre a tm e n t

9 u n d e rg o

1 0 o v e rc o m e

I 1 u nd e rcl a ss e s

I 2 o u t c l a s s e d

3 u n e s t a b lis h e d

4 a n t i-e s t a b lis h m e nt

5 u n e n f o rc e a b l e

6 a f f o rc e d

7 i m m a t e ri a l it y

8 d e m a te ri a lis a t i o n

9 o ffi c iou s n e s s

10 s e m i-o fficia l

I 1 ru p t u re s

I 2 in c o rru p t i b ili t y

- 3 u n in t e rru p t ib l e

4 irru p t io n s

5 a bru p t ly

11 o v e rt a x a t i o n

12 u n d e rs e cre t a ri e s!

13 d e re g u l a t o ry

1 4 o p t-o u t s

15 o u t m ig r a tio n

S u p p le m e n t a ry P r a c t ic e 2

u p ro o t i n g

u n p a rli a m e nt a ry

e q u a n im ou s

d i s e n t itl e d

w e lf a rism

6 c o u n c ill o rs h ip

7 b re a k a w a y

8 s t e r e o t y p ic a lly

w r o n g d o i n g s /

m isd e e d s

10 in c iv ilit y

11 co m e st ib l e s

h e a rt-re n d i n g /

12 h e a rt-bre a k i n g /

d i s h e a rt e n in g

13 m a ln u t ri t i o n

14 illi c itly

15 in d ivid u a ls

16 a g a p e

h a rd -h e a rt e d /

h e a rtl e s s /

17 c o l d -h e a rt e d /

s t o n y-h e a rt e d

18 d o u bl e -d e a lin g

19 a u t o c h th o n o u s

2 0 im p o v e ri s h m e n t

c a s h -stra p p e d /

c a sh-st a rv e d

b a ilo u ts

3 u n d e rt a k in g s

4 e n a ct

5 re c o n c il e

6 h e a d w a y

7 e n e rv a t e d

8 d e so l a t io n

9 n o n -c o m p lia n c e

1 0 e m b o l d e n

11 u n d e rm in i n g

1 2 a n ti-a u s t e rit y

1 3 w it h h o ld i n g

1 4 o u t c ry

1 5 b e n e f a c t or

16 co nc e s sio n s

17 arre ars

18 m isc a rry

19 l a nd slid e

2 0 u ph e a v a l

21 ov e rp l a y s

2 2 re i m b urs e m e n t

23 s e lf-c o n g ra t u l a to ry

2 4 f a c e -s a v in g

25 p re c e d e n t

I 2

11 o v e rp o w e rin g l y I

d i s e m p o w e rm e n t j

/ pow erl e ssn e s s

13 u n a s sim il a b l e

14 v e ri s im ili t u d e

15 p rosoci a l

1 6 co n s o c i a tio n a l

17 d is e n t it l e m e n t

18 u n t it l e d

19 c o n u rb a ti o n s

2 0 s u b u rb a n is a tio n

6 irre fr a g a b ly

7 h yd ro fra ct u ri n g

8 irre fra n g ib l e

9 in frin g e m e n t

1 0 fra ilti e s

 I

S up p l e m e nt a ry P ra c tic e 3

m ulti-a c c e s s

(semi-)

sub m ers ibl e s

u n s e g m e n t e d

6 in t e rs e g m e n t a l

7 in a c c e ssib ly

8 i m p o t e n tly

9 a p p o rt i o n a b l e

d is p ro p o rt i o n a t e ly 1 0 s u b m e rg i b l e

o m n i p o t e n t

in t e rs u b j e c t i v ity

m ic ro in j e c t io n s

n o n -o b j e ctiv e

u n o b j e ctio n a b l y ,

re je ct e d

t u rb o j e t s

1 b a ilo u t s

2 in c a n d e s c e n t

3 c o m e s t ib l e

4 n o -a cc o u n ts

m is d e e d s/

w ro n g d o i n g s

6 in d o c trin a t e s

7 ill-f a t e d

8 irr e fra g a b ly

~ n o n -

b io d e gra d a b l e

10 r e t ro j e c tin g

11 illic it l y

12 f orlo rn

13 m a lo d o ro u s

14 d e p a u p e ra t e

15 im p o n d e ra b l e s

16 d is p ro p o rt io n a lly

17 irre m is sib l e

18 u n g a in s a y a ble

19 circ u m scrib e

2 0 u n d e rs e cre t a ry

21 c o n s o c i a tio n a lism

d is c o n s o l a t e /

2 2 d e s ol a t e /

in c o n s o la b l e

23 fre e t hin k e rs

24 m i s a t t rib u t i o n

25 a v e n g e d

Key to Extra Practice A-B

W o rd F o rm a tio n E xtra P ra ctic e 1A

u n a c k n o w le d g e d

o v e r-p re p a rin g

c o n f u t a ti o n

a ttrib u t e d

c o a dj u s t e d

re c ipro c a lly

g o v e r-o f f ic io u s

s u b -prior

2 m is e xpre ss e d

s e lf-pre v e n tio n

g o v e r-u t i lis in g

b io c a p a c it y

w o rl d -f a m o u s in h erit a n c e s

p a tro n a g e

1 0 w o e b e g o n e

W o rd F o rm a ti o n E xtra P ra c tic e 2A

u n c o n t e n t i o u s

h o m o g e n e o u s

2 i n o d o ro u s

h a lf-p o is o n e d

3 n o n -a lig n e d

4 b ylin e s

5 o v e rs t e p p i n g

6 e -c o n t e n t

2 in c e s s a nt

u n c o n t a in a b l e

g re l e ntl e s s

c o n u rb a t i o n s

9 e m otic o n s

1 0 s e lf-co n t a i n e d

W o rd F o rm a tio n E xtra P ra ctic e 3A

J d e in d u s tri a lis i n g

d is c rim in a tin g

2 p ro v it a m in

a n tic a rc i n o g e n i c

3 re vi e w a l

cu m bro u s n e ss

e l a b o r a t i o n

g in t e rd e p a rt m e n t a l

ov ers e a s

6 in e ra dic a b l e

7 o n s h ore d

g c o s t-c u t t in g

n o n -o p e ra t i o n a l

9 n o n -t e c h n ic a lly

1 g re s u rre c t e d

re -p a c ific a tio n

tord F orm a tio n E xtra P ra ctic e 1 B

1 re a ccu st o m

2 d ysre gu l a tio n

2 u n e n forc e a b l e

d isre p u t e

4 c o m m e n t a t i v e

a w e -in s p irin g

5 m u lt i 

in s tru m e n t a lis t

g illi c it

s u b (s t a nc e )fre e

2 s c e n e -st e alin g

f a n t a s t ic a lly

8 e coto u ris m

9 s u p p o s e d ly

10 m is c o n c e ptio n s

ord F o rm a tio n E xtra P ra ctic e 2B

u n p ro v i s i o n e d

m isfire d

b o n e -b re a k i n g

v a lo ur

b e s e e c h in g ly

lit t l e -m in d e d

c o m p a s s io n a t e

s e lf-in v o lv e d



6 p r e -a c k n o w le d g e d

2 d is trib u t io n a l

u n d e rl y in g

e n d o w m e n t

w it h -p ro fit s

9 m i c ro e v o l u t i o n a ry

s a lt-d e p e n d e n t

u ltra c e n t rif u g a t i o n

ord F o rm a t io n E xtra P ra c tic e 3B

1 e rro r-pro n e

2 c o u n t e rs h a din g

w e ll-li t

3 m i c ro m a n a g e m e n t

e v a n e s c e n t ly

n e ar-i n fra re d

5 g ard e n -v a rie t y

6 u p b u i l d i n g

7 d o w n c o n v e rs io n s

g s e m i-s y n th e t i c

s k e le t a l-re m n a n t

g u pra is e d

o u tf l y

10 d e m in e ra li s a ti o n

W o rd F o rm a t io n E xtra P ra ctice 4 A

1 h e a rtla n d s

2 p a r a m o u n t c y

3 f o u r-e y e d

t a le -t e llin g

a rra ig n m e n t

6 c o ff e e -c o lo u re d  I

7 p i n p o in t 

cro s s-corre l a t in g

8 m i c ro cre d it

9 t ip s t a f f

5 M ic ro e n c a p s u l a tio n 1 0 cl a u s tro p h o b ic a lly

W o rd F o rm a t i o n E xtra P ra ct ice 5

o u t -tu rn

h e a d-tu rn i n g

a t o n a l

b io m a rk e r

o v e rt u rn e d

t u t e la ry

6 s t o m a c h -t urn in g

7 pre p e rc e p tio n

sto c kp ile

8 s t o c k-o u t s

m a rk d o w ns

g fl e s h-c o lo u re d

d i a lo g u e -fre e

W o rd F o rm a t io n E xtra P ra c tic e 4B

1 u n i v e rs a lis a ti o n

2 s e lf-d e s tru c t iv e

3 w e ll-c o n d u c t e d

u n w h o l e so m e l y

a p l o m b

u n re form a b l e

sid e lin e s

g c e n tre pi e c e

pre t e x t s

2 re -e n tra nts

sw it c h b a c k s

g d ysl e xia

m is p e rc e p t i o n

9 g e o i n f o rm a tio n

10 u n r e co n s tru c t e d

10 b a c km ark e rs

Key to Extra Practice C -D

W ord F orm a t io n E xtra P ra ctic e 1C

pr e s crip t io n s

e m b o ld e n

e n liv e n

u s e r-fri e n d ly

a t t u n e d

6 in c o rp o ra t e

7 b o rd e rli n e

8 s u b s idis e d

9 u n e m p lo y m e n t

10 r e c o n d itio n e d

W ord F orm a t io n E xtra P ra ctic e 2 0

e x p e n d it ure

cons e cra t e d

u n p re t e n t io u s

in t a n g ib l e s

c o n tra c t o rs

6 u n f a ili n g

7 o v e rpric e d

8 w e aris o m e

9 c o m m is sio n e d

10 re pr e s e n t e d

W ord F orm a t io n E xtra P ra ctice 3C

m o n e y-ori e nt e d

t h e r a p e u t i c

u n e v e n t f u l

s u b lim e ly

d ist a s t e f u l

6 U n d e rs t a n d a bly

7 r e s e n tfu l

8 n o n -v i a b l e

9 h y p o c ritic a l

1 0 in c o n v e n i e n c e s

W ord F orm a tio n E xtra P ra c t i c e 1 D

in v a lid a t e d

a b n o rm a l

c o in c i d e n t

a ttrib u t e d

in o rd i n a t e

6 e m e rg e n c e

7 c o e x ist

8 i n v o lu n t a ry

9 p in p o i n t

10 m o l e c u l a r

W ord F orm a tio n E xtra P ra c tic e 2 D

co m m issi o n s

p a tro n a g e

b e h o ld e n

o u t l e t

p a th f i n d ers

6 p ro p ri e to rs h i p

7 m i s f o rt u n e

8 d is i n t e g r a tio n

9 n o m in e e s

1 0 s p i n -o f f

11 r e p o rt a g e

W ord F o rm a tio n E xtra P ra cti c e 3 D

u n e a rt h e d

d i s c o n t e n t e d

u p h e a va l

lyric a lly

b e l e a g u ere d

6 e x p u ls io n

7 d is in t e rm e n t s

8 pre -cl a ssic a l

9 n e w ly-d i s c o v e r e d

1 0 o v e rw e e n in g l y

11 r e c o n s t ru c t

W ord F o rm a t i o n E xtra P ra ctice 4 C

^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^

H W o r d F orm a t io n E xtra P ra c t ic e 4 D

in t e rc o n t in e n t a l /

6 in d i s p e n s a b l e n

m 1 un a ssa ila b l e 6 p ro p u l s io n

tr a n s c o n t i n e n t a l

7 im m u t a b il i t y f i

BBH 2 u n o rt h o d o x 7 e lim i n a tin g

in t e rd e p e n d e n c e

8 a v o w a l 3 re c h arg in g

8 liq u e f i e d

tr a n s i t io n a l 9 in t i m a cy

4 re a ct a n ts 9 c o m pre s s e d

c o rn e rs t o n e

lu cra t iv e

1 0 e b u lli e n c e 5 u n r e m i t t in g l y

1 0 v i a b l e

W ord F o rm a t i o n E xtra P ra ctice 5 C

^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^

H W o r d F o rm a t io n E xtra P ra c t ic e 5 D



h ig h b ro w

6 O nc e-norm a l I I I 1 w ilfu lly 6 d e cre p itu d e

und e rpin s 7 d o w n p l a y n

m 2 unpre c e d e nte d

pre ord a in e d

3 e m erg e

8 fruitl ess

3 lo n g e vit y

8 pre co n c e ption s

o v e rpro t e ct 9 socio p a t hic

4 d e g e n era tio n 9 o v e rturn e d

unstruct ure d 1 0 d is a p pro b a tio n

5 i m m u t a b l e

sell-by

Ind e x o f H e adwords

H ere is an ind e x o f all m ain he adwords w ith d erivatives in this bo ok in alphabetical order.

The num bers are e ntry numb ers.

a c k n o w le d g e 6

a d ju st 7

a lig n 25

a p a rt 44

a p a rth e i d 44

a p a rt m e nt 44

a p p e a s e 45

a rra n t 51

a verse 50

a v e rt 50

b e c o m e 21

b e s e ech 37

b l a nk 22

b l a n k e t 22

b o n e 31

b u ild 49

c a ff e in e 59

c a p a ble 2

c a psule 60

c e n tre 32

-c e n tre d 32

c e n tri c 32

c e ntrif u g e 32

coff e e 59

c o m m e n t 7 7

c o m p a rt m e n t 44

con c e i v e 12

c o n c e ntr a te 32

co n d u c e 69

c o n d u c t 69

c o n f o rm 77

c o n fu t e 10

c o n s tru c t 73

co n stru e 73

c o n t a in 23

c o n t e n t 23

c o n t e x t 74

conv ers e 50

c o n v e rt 50

con v ivi a l 48

c o -o p era t e 43

corre l a t e 66

cre d e n c e 61

cre d e n ti a l 61

cre dib l e 61

cre d it 61

cre d u l e n c e 61

cre dulo u s 61

cu m b e r 40

cust o m 13

d e form 77

d e lin e a t e 25

d e p a rt 44

d e p a rtm e n t 44

d e ra c in a t e 41

d e s tro y 73

d e v o lv e 33

d i a l e c t 72

d i a l o g u e 72

d is c o n t e n t 23

e n c u m b e r 40

e n forc e 15

e n t e r 70

e n tra n c e 70

e n try 70

e n vis a g e 38

e r a d i c a t e 41

e rr 51

e rra n t 5 1

e v a n e s c e n c e 57

e v o l v e 33

e x pre ss 3

e x u rb 29

f a m e 4

f a n t a s y 14

fl e d g e 52

fle s h 7 7

f l ig h t 52

f l y 52

fo rc e 75

f o rm 77

f o rm a l 77

f o rm a t 77

f o rm u l a 77

f o rm u l a t e 77

f o u r 62

g o 5

h a l e 76

h e a d lin e 25

h o lis tic 76

h o l o 76

ic o n 24

im p a rt 44

im pro v i s e 38

in d u s t ry 42

in f orm 77

in s tru c t 73

in s tru m e n t 16

in t e rv i e w 38

i n tu i t io n 80

in v o l v e 34

isl a n d 63

k n o w 6

la nd 63

le a st 36

less 36

l e x i c o n 72

lie 35

li n e 25

lin e a r 25

lit t l e 36

m a n a g e 54

m a rk 78

m in e 53

m i n e ra l 53

m i s c re a nt 61

m o u n t 64

m o u n t a in 64

o b s t ru c t 73

o b v e rt 50

o d o u r 26

o f f ic e 7

o p e r a t e 43

o u tl a n d i s h 63

P a cific 45

p a c ify 45

p a rt 44

p a rtia l 44

p a rt i c ip a t e 44

p a rt ic ip l e 44

p a rt ic l e 44

p a rt i c u l a r 44

p a rti s a n 44

p a rt it io n 44

p a rt n e r 44

p a rt y 44

p a tro n 8

p e ac e 45

p e rc e iv e 79

p e rv e rt 50

p h o b e 65

p h o b i a 65

p h o b ic 65

p l a tfo rm 77

pre p a re 9

pre s u p p o s e 19

p r e t e x t 74

p ro v is io n 38

ra dic a l 41

re cre a n t 61

re form 77

re fu t e 10

re g u l a r 77

re g u l a t e 77

re i n forc e 15

re l a t e 66

re la ti v e 66

re m a rk 78

re tro v e rs e 50

re t urn 81

re vi e w 38

re vise 38

re v o lt 33

re v olv e 33

se e k 37

sh a d e 55

s h a do w 55

shore 46

s t a f f 67

st e p 27

s tru c tu re 73

subst a n c e 18

su b s t a n t i a l 18

s u b u rb 29

s u b v e rt 50

sup e rvis e 38

suppo s e 19

s u rm o u n t 64

synth e sis e 56

s y n t h e t ic 56

t e c h 47

t e l e v is io n 28

t e ll 68

t e x t 74

t e xt u re 74

t o u r 20

tra n s f o rm 77

tra n s v e rs e 50

t u it io n 80

t u rn 81

t u t e l a g e 80

t u t o r 80

u n d e rm in e 53

u n i f o rm 77

univ e rs e 75

urb a n 29

v a in 5 7

v a n ish 5 7

v a ri a n c e 58

v a ria n t 58

v a ria t e 58

v a ry 58

v e rs a t ile 50

v ers e 50

v e rsif y 50

v e rs io n 50

v e rt e bra l 50

v e rti c a l 50

v e rtig o 50

via b l e 48

vicio u s 30

vi e w 38

vis ib l e 38

vision 38

vis u a l 38

vit a l 48

v it a m in 48

v it i a t e 30

viv a c io u s 48

v iv id 48

v o l u tio n 33

w h o l e 76

w it h 39

w i t h d ra w 39

w it h s t a n d 39

C O R N U C O P IA - W O R D F O R M A T I O N (C olle ction II)

S ubtitl e : R K F KK K N C :F, R O O K M CI

F O R A D V A N C F I) M

A R N F R S

I m ill I in nì; 11 nil!

M i t ISBN: ‘ ?7 K

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< In n i l l ’ll b ulu  m Xuat h a ir

( ÍI ) TUT m i l Till  Â V/ Mi

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Ii i t -11 t  p Vo T ill Thanh I Ill

Trình bày: Trnh Thành Trunj»,

S  a b  n in: Thanh I lieu

Bìa: Tôn N  í lo  ng Anh

Th  c hi  n lien doanh: Trinh Thành Trung

In: 7.000 ban Kh  71 X 79.7 em. In t  i: Cong ly T N IÍII s x T M I )V Viet II l  u Lam

So-n 46 D  ng Nai,

15,  . 10, IT II C M .

S  D K K IIX M : 1045 7,017/ C X B IP II / 3 - 47/ 1 )()N, C  c Xu  t bàn, In và Phát hành

xác nh  n ngày: 07/4/7017, Q uy  t  nh xu  l bán s  : X9B/Q D DoN , do N X B D  ng Nai

c  p ngày 1774/7017.

In xong và n  p l  u chiêu: quý 777.017.

Nhà X iiíl ban b  ng N ai, 1933.1 (s  d ì 7,10) Nguy  n Á i Q u  c. T I’ I ì inn I lòa. b  ng. Nai

Ban Biên l  p: (0613) X2.3 29? I* Kinh doanh: 946 321 I’ Ke loán. 946 32(1

T ax; (061 í) 946 330 lím a il: nxlxloiignaiodhcm. vnn.vii

G iá 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 V N 

IS B N : 9 7 8-60 4-5 2 -5 9 2 9 -0

9 7 8 6 0 4 5 2 5 2 9

R e c o m m e d e d R e s ourc e s

! U m i 1«U V W

I= J 

C E F R

o x f o rd d ic t i o n a ri e s . c o m o x f o rd l e a rn e rs d ic t i o n a rie s . c o m

blo gchuy e n a nh .w ord pre ss. com

fb . c o m /c huy e nti e n g a nh

ti e ng a n hch uy e n @ gm a il.com

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Cornucopia word formation collection

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BẢNG WORD FAMILY CỰC HAY dành cho học sinh giỏi Tiếng ANh THCS

Top 160 CÂU ADVANCED WORD FORMATION nâng cao dành cho HSG Tiếng Anh

WORD FORMATION - EXERCISES - HSG Tiếng Anh 9 THCS

Advanced word formation

Use of English key word transformations Exercise