Đề kiểm tra môn Ngôn ngữ học

Đề kiểm tra môn Ngôn ngữ học

1. Definitions - Fill in the Term (No more than two words)

a. The smallest meaningful unit in a language: …………Morpheme……………..…….

b. The place where air passes through to create speech sounds:.……..Oral cavity……… 🡪 The larynx

c. Sounds made by the tongue contacting the teeth ridge:……… alveolar sounds. ……...…

d. The process of creating new words by adding prefixes or suffixes:………Derivation…….

e. The representation of abstract linguistic units in speech or writing:…………….……

2. True or False - Circle the Correct Answer:

a. Allophones are variants of the same phoneme that appear in different contexts. (True / False)

b. Derivational morphemes always change the meaning of a word. (True / False)

c. A schwa is the most common vowel sound in English. (True / False)

d. Compound words are formed by combining two root words. (True / False)

e. Voiced sounds are produced when the vocal cords vibrate. (True / False)

3. Transcribe the following words phonemically then describe the sounds represented by the highlighted letters.

a. Cat:……………………………………………………………………………………………………

b. School:……………………………………………………………………………………………...... c.Chair:…………………………………………………………………………………………………..

d.Thick:.…………………………………………………………………………………………………

e. Book:………………………………………………………………………………………...............

4. Identify the sounds described below by writing the symbol for each sound next to the description. Then give a word that contains the sound.

a. Voiced labiodental fricative: ………………………………………………………………………...

b. Voiceless alveolar fricative: …………………………………………………………………………

c. Voiced palatal approximant: …………………………………………………………………………

d. Long mid back rounded vowel: ………………………………………………………………………...

e. Short high front unrounded vowel:……………..…………………………………………………….

5. Find a minimal pair for each of the following pairs of sounds.

a. /b/ and /d/:……………………………………………………………………………………………

b. /k/ and /g/:……………………………………………………………………………………………

c. /æ/ and /ʌ/:…………………………………………………………………………………………...

d. /eɪ/ and /aɪ/: …………………………………………………………………………………….......

e. /u:/ and /ʊ/: ………………………………………………………………………………………….

6. Analyse the following words morphemically. State what type of morpheme they are.

List of abbreviations: {sg}: singular; {pl}: plural; {past}: past tense; {pres}: present tense; {poss}: possessive; {inf}: infinitive; {prsprt}: present participle

e.g. talks: {talk}: lexical morpheme, content word + {s}: grammatical morpheme, inflectional affix

a. teachers:……......................................……………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………….............................................……………………………………………

b. running:..……………………………………………………………………………………....................................……….. ……….............................................…………………………………………………………………………………………………

c. happiness: ………………………………....................................…………………………………………………………... ……………………………………………………………………………………….............................................…………………

d. unlock: ….......................................…………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………….............................................…………………………………………………

e. his: ….…………………….……………………………………………………………….......................................…………. ….............................................………………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. Analyse the following words morphologically. State what type of morph they are.

e.g.: speaks: speak: free morph, content word; -s: bound morph, inflectional suffix

a. redo:……......................................…………………………………………………………………………………………..... …………………………………………………….............................................……………………………………………………

b. bookshelf: …………………………………………………………………………….....................................……………… .............................................…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

c. overthinking: …………………...................................……………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………….............................................……………………………

d. international: .....................................……………………….…………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………….............................................……………………………………………

e. fearless.………………………………………………………………………………………......................................……… ……………………………………............................................……………………………………………………………………

8. State the word formation process of the following words.

a. Breakfast:…………compounding……………………………………………………………….....

b. To overeat:.………………derivation………………………………………………………..

c. To text: .…………………………function shift……………………………………………………

d. Smartphone:…………………………compounding………………………………….......

e. Blog (from “weblog”): ..………………blending……………………………………….…….

Đề kiểm tra môn Ngôn ngữ học - Nâng cao

1. Definitions - Fill in the Term (No more than two words):

a. A word or part of a word that carries semantic meaning:……………………...

b. The study of the physical properties of speech sounds:……phonetics…….

c. Sounds made by the tongue touching the soft palate:………velar sounds (k,g, ng)……..

d. The process of creating new words by shortening existing words:……clipping.....

e. Variations of a morpheme conditioned by its context:.………allomorph………

2. True or False - Circle the Correct Answer:

a. Phonemes are sounds that contrast to create different meanings in words. (True / False)

b. Inflectional morphemes change the tense, number, or case of a word without altering its meaning. (True / False)

c. Clipped words are examples of free morphemes. (True / False)

• Clipped words là những từ được rút ngắn từ từ gốc dài hơn (ví dụ: ad từ advertisement, exam từ examination).
• Sau khi bị rút gọn, những từ này vẫn có thể đứng một mình và mang ý nghĩa hoàn chỉnh → ➡️ chúng là free morphemes.

d. A diphthong is a single vowel sound that includes two distinct vowel qualities. (True / False)

e. Bound morphemes cannot stand alone as a word. (True / False)

3. Transcribe the following words phonemically and explain the difference in articulation for the highlighted letters.

a.Heart:…………/a:/ ……………………………………………………………………… b.Measure:………………………………………………………………………………………………

c.Quiet:…………………………………………………………………………………………………. d.Breath:……………………………………………………………………………………………….. e.Goose:………………………………………………………………………………………..............

4. Identify the sounds described below, write their symbols, and provide two distinct words containing these sounds.

a. Voiceless bilabial stop………………………………………………………………………………

b. Voiced velar nasal: …………………………………………………………………………………

c. Voiceless labiodental fricative:……………………………………………………………………..

d. Long mid-front unrounded vowel: …………………………………………………………………

e. Short low front rounded vowel: …………………..………………………………………………..

5 Find a minimal pair for each of the following pairs of sounds. Provide both words and explain the difference in meaning.

a. /tʃ/ and /ʃ/: ……………………………………………………………………………………………

b. /f/ and /θ/: ……………………………………………………………………………………………

c. /u:/ and /ɜː/: …………………………………………………………………………………………

d. /ɔ:/ and /ɑː/: …………………………………………………………………………………….......

e. /aɪ/ and /aʊ/: ……………………………………………………………………………………….

6. Analyse the following words morphemically and determine the type of morpheme.

a. prepayment:………………….................................…………………………………………………………….………... ……………………………........................................……………………………………………………………………………… b.disagreement:……………………………………………………………………...…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……...........................................................................……………

c. children: ………………………….....................................…………………………………………………………………... ……………………………………………..........................................………………………………………………………………

d.establishment: ….………………………………...................................…………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………..........................................…………………………………………………

e. theirs:.…………………….…………………......................................………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………..........................................………………………………………………………

7. Morphologically analyze the words below. State whether each morph is free or bound, and its function.

a. mistakenly: …………………………….....................................……………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………..........................................……………………………………………………………

b. grandmother:………………………....................................………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………..........................................……………………………………………………………

c. postgraduates: ……………………………...................................………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………..........................................…………………………………………………

d. uneventful:……………………….……………………………………………………......................................…………… ………………………………………………………………………………………..........................................……………………

e. happiness. ……………......................................……………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………..........................................……………………………………

8. State the word formation process of the following words. If multiple processes are involved, describe all processes.

a. Notebook: …………………………………………………………………………………………...

b. To misunderstand: ………………………………………………………………………………..

c. To microwave: ……………………………………………………………………………………..

d. Television: ………………………………………………………………………………………….

e. Clingy: ..………………………………………………………………………………………….….

f. Smog (from “smoke” + “fog”): …………………………….……………………………………….

g. Radar (from “Radio Detecting and Ranging”): ………………………………………………….

h. Gym (from “gymnasium”): ……………………………………………………………………….

i. Re-examine: …………………………………………………………………………………………

j. Email (from “electronic mail”): …………………………………………………………………….

ĐỀ KIỂM TRA MÔN NGÔN NGỮ HỌC

1. Definitions - Fill in the Term (No more than two words):

a. The smallest unit of sound that distinguishes meaning: ……………………...

b. The study of how words are formed: ……………………….

c. Sounds produced by completely obstructing the airflow in the vocal tract: ………………………..

d. The process of assigning grammatical categories to words based on their function in a sentence: ………….

e. A meaningful morphological unit that cannot be further divided: …………………………

2. True or False - Circle the Correct Answer:

a. Allophones are predictable variations of a phoneme that do not change meaning. (True / False)

b. Derivational morphemes always change the grammatical category of the word they attach to. (True / False)

c. Compounding is a word formation process that involves creating new words from abbreviations. (True / False)

d. In English, stress placement can sometimes distinguish between nouns and verbs. (True / False)

e. Syntax is the study of the meaning of words and sentences. (True / False)

3. Transcribe the following words phonemically and explain the difference in articulation for the highlighted letters.

a. Through: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………

b. Pleasure: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………

c. Strut: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………

d. Written: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………

e. Foot: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. Identify the sounds described below, write their symbols, and provide two distinct words containing these sounds.

a. Voiced alveolar stop: …………………………………………………………………………………………

b. Voiceless palatal fricative: ………………………………………………………………………………

c. Voiced dental fricative: ……………………………………………………………………………………

d. Near-close near-front unrounded vowel: …………………………………………………………

e. Open back rounded vowel: ………………………………………………………………………………

5. Find a minimal pair for each of the following pairs of sounds. Provide both words and explain the difference in meaning.

a. /p/ and /b/: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………

b. /s/ and /z/: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………

c. /e/ and /æ/: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………

d. /ɪ/ and /iː/: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………

e. /k/ and /ɡ/: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. Analyse the following words morphemically and determine the type of morpheme.

a. unhappily: ……………………..........................………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………...............................……………………………………………………

b. rewrite: ………………..............................……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………...............................…………………………………………………………

c. foxes: ……………………………………………………………………………..................................………………………… …………………………………...............................……………………………………………………………………………………

d. international: ……………………………………….......................…………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………...............................………………………………

e. undoing: …………………………...............................………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………...............................……………………………………………

7. Morphologically analyze the words below. State whether each morph is free or bound, and its function.

a. speaker: …….............................………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………...............................……………………………………………………………………

b. pre-colonial: ……………………………………………………….........................…………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………...............................………………

c. brotherhood: ……….......................…………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………...............................………………………………………………………………

d. deactivation: ………………………........................…………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………...............................………………………………………………

e. thoughtfully: …………………………………………………………………………….........................……………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………...............................……………………

8. State the word formation process of the following words. If multiple processes are involved, describe all processes.

a. Blog (from “web log”): ………………………………………………………………………………………

b. To skype: ………………………………………………………………………….………………………………

c. Brunch (from “breakfast” + “lunch”): …………………………………………………………………

d. Flu (from “influenza”): ………………………………………………………………………………………

e. Selfie: …………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………

f. Webinar (from “web” + “seminar”): …………………………………………………………….………

g. ATM (from “Automated Teller Machine”): …………………………………………………………

h. Chillax (from “chill” + “relax”): ………………………………………………………………..…………

i. Unfriend: …………………………………………………………………………………………..………………

j. Photobomb: ………………………………………………………………………...……………….…………