Đề thi cuối học kì 1 Toán 7 năm 2021 – 2022 phòng GD&ĐT Thiệu Hóa – Thanh Hóa

Đề thi cuối học kì 1 Toán 7 năm 2021 – 2022 phòng GD&ĐT Thiệu Hóa – Thanh Hóa gồm 01 trang với 05 bài toán dạng tự luận, thời gian học sinh làm bài thi là 90 phút, đề thi có đáp án và hướng dẫn giải chi tiết.

PHÒNG GIÁO DC VÀ ĐÀO TO
THIỆU HOÁ
ĐỀ KIỂM TRA CUỐI HỌC KÌ I
NĂM HỌC 2021 - 2022
Số báo danh: ………………
Môn: Toán Lớp 7
(Thời gian làm bài 90 phút)
Trường:…………….…………….………Lớp……………
Họ tên:………………………………………….............……..
Giám thị số 1:………….....….…………….
Giám thị số 2:……………......…………….
Số phách
----------------------Chủ tịch hội đồng chấm thi cắt phách theo đường kẻ này------------------------
Điểm của bài thi
Giám khảo số 1:…………….…………….
Bằng số
Bằng chữ
Giám khảo số 2:…………………….…….
( Học sinh làm bài trực tiếp vào tờ đề thi này )
ĐỀ BÀI
Bài 1: (2 điểm). Thực hiện các phép tính sau:
a)


10 27
.
32
b)
3 2 5 1 1 5
::
4 3 11 4 3 11
+ + +
c)
1 3 7 1
..
3 5 5 3
+
Bài 2: (2 điểm). Tìm x biết:
a)
−=
32
45
x
b)
+=
12
25
x
Câu 3: (1,5 điểm). Số đo ba góc của một tam giác tỉ lệ với 4;6;8. Tính số đo mỗi góc
của tam giác đó?
Câu 4: (3,5 điểm). Cho tam giác ABC vuông tại A, kẻ AD vuông góc với BC (D thuộc
BC). Trên đường thẳng vuông góc với BC tại C lấy điểm E sao cho CE = AD (E và A
thuộc hai mặt khác phía bờ chứa cạnh DC). Chứng minh rằng:
a)
= ADC ECD
b)
DE AB
c)
=CED ABC
Bài 5: (1,0 điểm). Cho dãy t s bng nhau:
x y z t
y z t z t x t x y x y z
= = =
+ + + + + + + +
Chng minh rng:
x y y z z t t x
P
z t t x x y y z
+ + + +
= = + +
+ + + +
có giá tr nguyên.
BÀI LÀM
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Học sinh không viết vào phần gạch chéo này
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PHÒNG GD&ĐT THIỆU HOÁ ĐÁP ÁN ĐỀ KHẢO SÁT CL CUỐI HỌC KÌ I
M HỌC 2021 - 2022
Môn : TOÁN Lớp 7
Câu
Đáp án
Biểu
điểm
Câu1:
a
= =


10 27 10.( 27)
. 45
3 2 3.2
0,5 đ
b
( )
3 2 1 1 5 5
: 1 1 : 0
4 3 4 3 11 11

+ + = + =


0,75 đ
c
1 3 7 1
..
3 5 5 3
+
=
1 3 7
3 5 5

+


=
1 10 1 2
. .2
3 5 3 3
==
0,75 đ
Câu2:
a
a.
−=
32
45
x
=−
=
32
45
7
20
x
x
Vậy
=
7
20
x
0,5 đ
0,5 đ
b
b.
+=
12
25
x
+ =
12
25
x
Trường hợp 1:
+ = = =
1 2 2 1 1
2 5 5 2 10
xx
Trường hợp 2:
+ = = =
1 2 2 1 9
2 5 5 2 10
xx
Vậy
=
1
10
x
;
=
9
10
x
0,25 đ
0,25 đ
0,25 đ
0,25 đ
Câu 3
Gọi số đo ba góc của tam giác là a, b, c (a ,b , c >0 )
Ta có:
==
a b c
4 6 8
Và a + b + c = 180
0
(Tổng ba góc của tam giác)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ sô bằng nhau ta có:
++
= = = = =
++
0
0
a b c a b c 180
10
4 6 8 4 6 8 18
0 0 0
10 10 .4 40
4
a
a= = =
0 0 0
10 10 .6 60
6
b
a= = =
0 0 0
10 10 .8 80
8
c
c= = =
Vậy: Số đo ba góc của tam giác đó là: 40
0
, 60
0
, 90
0
.
0,25đ
0,25đ
0,25đ
0,25đ
0,25đ
0,25đ
Câu 4
HS vẽ hình, viết GT, KL
0,5đ
a
Xét tam giác ADC và tam giác DCE có:
DC chung
AD = CE (GT)
0
90ADC DCE==
( )
= ADC ECD c g c
0,25đ
0,25đ
0,25đ
0,25đ
b
Ta có:
( )
= =ADC ECD cmt ACD EDC
( 2 góc tương ứng)
Vì DC cắt AC và DE mà trong các góc tạo thành có cặp góc
ACD
EDC
nằm ở vị trí hai góc so le trong và bằng nhau nên
//AC DE
(
Dấu hiệu nhận biết hai đường thẳng song song)
Mặt khác:
⊥
⊥
//
AB AC
DE AB
AC DE
( Quan hệ từ vuông góc đến song
song)
0,25đ
0,25đ
0,25đ
0,25đ
c
Xét tam giác BAD vuông tại D có:
+=
0
90DBA BAD
(1)
0
90CAD BAD+=
(Tam giác ABC vuông) (2)
Từ (1), (2)
=CAD ABD
(3)
Mặt khác:
( )
= =ADC DCE cmt DAC DEC
( 2 góc tương ứng)(4)
Từ (3) và (4)
= =ABD DEC hay ABC DEC
0,5đ
0,25đ
0,25đ
Câu 5
Ta có:
x y z t
y z t z t x t x y x y z
= = =
+ + + + + + + +
1 1 1 1
x y z t
y z t z t x t x y x y z
+ = + = + = +
+ + + + + + + +
x y z t x y z t x y z t x y z t
y z t z t x t x y x y z
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
= = =
+ + + + + + + +
Trường hp 1:
0x y z t+ + + =
;;;x y z t y z t x z t y x t x y z + = + = + = + =
4
z t t x x y y z
PZ
z t t x x y y z
= + + + =
+ + + +
(tho mãn).
Trường hp 2:
0x y z t+ + +
y z t z t x t x y x y z x y z t + + = + + = + + = + + = = =
Thay các biến
,,y z t
bi
x
ta được:
4
x x x x x x x x
PZ
x x x x x x x x
++++
= + + + =
++++
(tho mãn)
0,25 đ
0,25 đ
0,25 đ
0 ,25 đ
Vy
x y y z z t t x
P
z t t x x y y z
+ + + +
= + + +
+ + + +
có giá tr nguyên
Chú ý: Học sinh làm cách giải khác nếu đúng vẫn cho điểm tối đa.
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Preview text:

PHÒNG GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO
ĐỀ KIỂM TRA CUỐI HỌC KÌ I THIỆU HOÁ
NĂM HỌC 2021 - 2022 Số báo danh:
Môn: Toán – Lớp 7 ………………
(Thời gian làm bài 90 phút) Trường Số phách
:…………….…………….………Lớp…………… Giám thị số 1:………….....….…………….
Họ tên:………………………………………….............…….. Giám thị số 2:……………......…………….
----------------------Chủ tịch hội đồng chấm thi cắt phách theo đường kẻ này------------------------ Điểm của bài thi Số phách Giám khảo số 1
:…………….……………. Bằng số Bằng chữ
Giám khảo số 2:…………………….…….
( Học sinh làm bài trực tiếp vào tờ đề thi này ) ĐỀ BÀI
Bài 1: (2 điểm). Thực hiện các phép tính sau:  3 2  5  1 1  5 a) 10  −27  .  b) − + : + − + :     3  2   4 3  11  4 3  11 1 3 7 1 c) . + . 3 5 5 3
Bài 2: (2 điểm). Tìm x biết: 3 2 1 2 a) − x = b) + x = 4 5 2 5
Câu 3: (1,5 điểm). Số đo ba góc của một tam giác tỉ lệ với 4;6;8. Tính số đo mỗi góc của tam giác đó?
Câu 4: (3,5 điểm). Cho tam giác ABC vuông tại A, kẻ AD vuông góc với BC (D thuộc
BC). Trên đường thẳng vuông góc với BC tại C lấy điểm E sao cho CE = AD (E và A
thuộc hai mặt khác phía bờ chứa cạnh DC). Chứng minh rằng:
a) ADC = ECD b) DE AB c) CED = ABC x y z t
Bài 5: (1,0 điểm). Cho dãy tỉ số bằng nhau: = = = y + z + t z + t + x t + x + y x + y + z x + y y + z z + t t + x
Chứng minh rằng: P = = + + có giá trị nguyên. z + t t + x x + y y + z BÀI LÀM
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Học sinh không viết vào phần gạch chéo này
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PHÒNG GD&ĐT THIỆU HOÁ ĐÁP ÁN ĐỀ KHẢO SÁT CL CUỐI HỌC KÌ I NĂM HỌC 2021 - 2022
Môn : TOÁN – Lớp 7 Biểu Câu Đáp án điểm 10  −27  10.(−27) 0,5 đ Câu1: . = = −   45 a 3  2  3.2  3 2 1 1  5 5 0,75 đ b − + − + : =   ( 1 − + ) 1 : = 0  4 3 4 3  11 11 1 3 7 1 1  3 7  1 10 1 2 0,75 đ c . + . = +   = . = .2 = 3 5 5 3 3  5 5  3 5 3 3 3 2 a. − x = 4 5 0,5 đ x = 3 − 2 4 5 0,5 đ Câu2: 7 a x = 20 Vậy x = 7 20 1 2 b. + x = 2 5  1 + x =  2 2 5 0,25 đ 0,25 đ b Trường hợp 1: 1 2 2 1 −
+ x =  x = − = 1 2 5 5 2 10 0,25 đ 0,25 đ Trường hợp 2: 1 2 2 1 −
+ x = −  x = − − = 9 2 5 5 2 10 Vậy − − x = 1 ; x = 9 10 10
Gọi số đo ba góc của tam giác là a, b, c (a ,b , c >0 ) 0,25đ Ta có: a = b = c 4 6 8
Và a + b + c = 1800 (Tổng ba góc của tam giác) 0,25đ
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ sô bằng nhau ta có: a b c a + b + 0 c 180 = = = = = 0 0,25đ 10 Câu 3 4 6 8 4 + 6 + 8 18  a 0 0 0 =10  a =10 .4 = 40 0,25đ 4 b 0 0 0 =10  a =10 .6 = 60 0,25đ 6 c 0 0 0 =10  c =10 .8 = 80 0,25đ 8
Vậy: Số đo ba góc của tam giác đó là: 400, 600, 900. Câu 4 0,5đ
HS vẽ hình, viết GT, KL
Xét tam giác ADC và tam giác DCE có: DC chung 0,25đ a AD = CE (GT) 0,25đ 0 ADC = DCE = 90 0,25đ
 ADC = ECD(c g c) 0,25đ
Ta có: ADC = ECD(cmt)  ACD = EDC ( 2 góc tương ứng) 0,25đ 0,25đ
Vì DC cắt AC và DE mà trong các góc tạo thành có cặp góc ACD và 0,25đ
EDC nằm ở vị trí hai góc so le trong và bằng nhau nên AC / /DE ( 0,25đ b
Dấu hiệu nhận biết hai đường thẳng song song) AB ⊥ Mặt khác: AC
DE AB ( Quan hệ từ vuông góc đến song AC / /DE song)
Xét tam giác BAD vuông tại D có: DBA+ BAD = 0 90 (1) 0,5đ Mà 0
CAD + BAD = 90 (Tam giác ABC vuông) (2) Từ (1), (2)  CAD = ABD (3) c 0,25đ
Mặt khác: ADC = DCE(cmt)  DAC = DEC ( 2 góc tương ứng)(4)
Từ (3) và (4)  ABD = DEC hay ABC = DEC 0,25đ x y z t Ta có: = = = y + z + t z + t + x t + x + y x + y + z x y z t  +1= +1= +1= +1 y + z + t z + t + x t + x + y x + y + z 0,25 đ
x + y + z + t
x + y + z + t
x + y + z + t
x + y + z + t  = = = y + z + t z + t + x t + x + y x + y + z
Trường hợp 1: x + y + z + t = 0
Câu 5  x + y = −z t; y + z = t − − ;
x z + t = −y − ;
x t + x = −y z 0,25 đ −z t t
− − x x y y zP = + + + = 4
− Z (thoả mãn). z + t t + x x + y y + z Trườ
ng hợp 2: x + y + z + t  0 0,25 đ
y + z +t = z +t + x = t + x + y = x + y + z x = y = z = t Thay các biến ,
y z, t bởi x ta được: x + x x + x x + x x + x P = + + + = 4Z (thoả mãn) 0 ,25 đ x + x x + x x + x x + x x + y y + z z + t t + x Vậy P = + + + có giá trị nguyên z + t t + x x + y y + z
Chú ý: Học sinh làm cách giải khác nếu đúng vẫn cho điểm tối đa.