essential-skills-in-arabic-from-intermediate-to-advanced-9781474401517_compress (4)

Essential Skills in Arabic
From Intermediate to Advanced El Mustapha Lahlali Radia Kesseiri
Not for distribution or resale. For personal use only.
Edinburgh University Press is one of the leading university presses in the UK. We publish academic
books and journals in our selected subject areas across the humanities and social sciences,
combining cutting-edge scholarship with high editorial and production values to produce academic
works of lasting importance. For more information visit our website: edinburghuniversitypress.com
© El Mustapha Lahlali and Radia Kesseiri, 2018
Edinburgh University Press Ltd
The Tun – Holyrood Road, 12(2f) Jackson’s Entry, Edinburgh EH8 8PJ Typeset in Myriad Arabic by
Servis Filmsetting Ltd, Stockport, Cheshire, and
printed and bound in Great Britain.
A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 978 1 4744 0149 4 (hardback)
ISBN 978 1 4744 0151 7 (webready PDF)
ISBN 978 1 4744 0150 0 (paperback) ISBN 978 1 4744 0152 4 (epub)
The right of El Mustapha Lahlali and Radia Kesseiri to be identified as the author of this work has
been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, and the Copyright
and Related Rights Regulations 2003 (SI No. 2498).
Not for distribution or resale. For personal use only. Contents Acknowledgements iii Introduction vi Map of the Book ix Key to Symbols x
Module 1: Culture and Society
عمتجملاو ةفاقّثلا :لوألا لصفلا Unit 1 ساف ةنيدم 2
Unit 2 ةيسفنلا تادايعلا وحن عافدنا مأ عقاولا نم بوره :ءا ش�لا سوه 13
Unit 3 ندرألا ءا ت�ب :ةيدرولا ةنيدملا 25 Consolidation Exercises 30
Module 2: The Environment
طيحملا و ةئيبلا : ين�اثلا لصفلا
Unit 4 ةيضرألا ةركلا 36
Unit 5 ي�بكلا ديلجلا صرع 45
Unit 6 ن ي�كا ب�لا 54 Consolidation Exercises 59 Module 3: Education
ميلعّتلاو ةيب ّت�لا :ثلاثلا لصفلا
Unit 7 ةيباجيإ ملعملاو بلاطلا ن ي�ب ةقلاعلا نوكت فيك 66
Unit 8 ةيلبقتسملا لولحلاو قئاوعلا : ي ب�رعلا نطولا ني� يلاعلا ميلعتلا عقاو 75
Unit 9 ي�غتم ملاع ني� ميلعتلا لبقتسم 85 Consolidation Exercises 89
Module 4: Global Issues
ةيلود اياضق :عبارلا لصفلا
Unit 10 توملاو ملآلا بوردو نويروسلا نوئجلالا 98
Unit 11 ي ب�وروألا داحتلا ايناطيرب ةرداغم بابسأ هذه 106
Unit 12 طسوألا ق ش�لا ني� ةيداصتقلا دراوملا لبقتسمو ةّيبرعلا تاروثلا 113 Consolidation Exercises 117
Not for distribution or resale. For personal use only. iv Contents Module 5: Media
:سماخلا لصفلا and Communication
لاصّتلاو ملاعإلا
Unit 13 يعامتجلا لصاوتلا صقاونو دئاوف 122
Unit 14 ةملوعلاو ملاعإلا 130
Unit 15 ةيملاعإلا ةيب ت�لا 138 Consolidation Exercises 142 Module 6: Economy
:سداسلا لصفلا and Development
ةيمنّتلاو داصتقلا
Unit 16 اهتايعادتو اهبابسأ ... ةيملاعلا ةيلاملا ةمزألا 150
Unit 17 اهتجلاعم بيلاسأ ... اهعاونأ ... اهموهفم ةلاطبلا 161
Unit 18 ؟طفنلا ضافخنا رمتسي له 171 Consolidation Exercises 179 Module 7: Sports
ةضايّرلا :عباسلا لصفلا
Unit 19 ةيسفنلا ةحصلاو ديدملا رمعلا حاتفم ... ةضايرلا 182
Unit 20 ملاسلاو ةيمنتلا لجأ نم ةضايرلا 193
Unit 21 ةحايسلا شاعنإل ةليسو ةضايرلا ... سنوت 202 Consolidation Exercises 206
Module 8: Arts and Literature
نونفو بادآ :نماثلا لصفلا Unit 22 ظوفحم بيجن 214
Unit 23 ن ي�مأ دمحأل يت�ايح 222
Unit 24 لكيه ن ي�نسح دمحم 230 Consolidation Exercises 234 Answers 239 Transcripts 272 Sample Test 280
Not for distribution or resale. For personal use only. Acknowledgements
We would like to express our gratitude to all those who made this book possible. We wish
to thank first and foremost our colleagues for their support and encouragement. We are
deeply indebted to Nicola Ramsey, Edinburgh University Press, for her assistance and
support. Our special thanks go also to James Dale and Christine Barton for their comments and assistance.
Our sincere thanks go to Dr Ahmed El-Gindy, Dr Ruba Khamam, Dr Uosef Karim, Hugh
Morgan and Dr Wafa Abu Hatab for their comments on a draft of this book.
We are bound to our students at the University of Leeds, who patiently trialled some
of the material and gave essential feedback.
Lastly, and most importantly, we would like to express our warm thanks to our families
for their unfailing love, encouragement and support.
Not for distribution or resale. For personal use only. Introduction
Over the last few years or so, many textbooks have been published on translation of
Arabic-English-Arabic and Arabic literature; however, limited work has been done on
reading, grammar, writing, speaking and listening at intermediate and advanced levels.
Through our teaching of Arabic, we felt the urgent need for a textbook that will enable
learners to enhance and refine their reading, grammar, writing, speaking and listening
skills. This textbook is designed not only to allow learners to hone these skills, but to help
them accumulate a wide range of Arabic vocabulary, required for performing reading,
writing and translation tasks. It is a one-stop source for learners who wish to polish the
above-mentioned Arabic language skills, including Arabic grammar.
This textbook, therefore, aims to aid learners of Arabic at intermediate and advanced levels to:
1 develop and refine their reading, writing, speaking and listening skills.
2 achieve a degree of competency in Arabic skills and acquire the ability to deal with
complex syntactic features through a wide range of Arabic exercises.
3 become aquainted with grammatical concepts that are vital to writing and under- standing texts.
4 become acquainted with Arabic linguistic features which are deemed necessary to the fluency of writing styles.
5 become acquainted with Arabic stylistics, with a view to enhancing their Arabic vocab-
ulary in order to be able to translate and deal with Arabic language in different con- texts.
6 accumulate vocabularies to use for their reading, writing, speaking and listening.
7 enhance their translation skills.
In order to achieve the above outlined aims, this textbook offers valuable materials
on reading, grammar, writing, speaking, listening and translation. It is specially designed
for learners of Arabic who are progressing from intermediate to advanced level. Texts and
activities are designed to ensure a steady progression.
For reading skills, each module introduces a variety of texts, followed by a glossary and
a wide range of drills, which are designed to help learners practise key vocabulary pertain-
ing to the theme of each module. The abundance of vocabulary will also help learners to
comprehend texts and, where appropriate, translate them from and into Arabic.
Each module includes a unit that is dedicated to listening. Learners are introduced to a
range of recordings related to the themes of the modules, and each recording is followed
by a glossary and a variety of exercises designed to improve listening skills. To help learners
focus on the listening tasks, texts have been moved to the appendices section. To access
the audio learning materials, please visit: https://edinburghuniversitypress.com/essential-
skills-arabic-resources and click on the ‘Resources’ tab underneath the book description.
Apart from reading and listening, grammar and other skills such as writing, speaking
and translation are introduced in each module and unit. Each unit contains grammatical
concepts relevant to the text, which are designed to help learners comprehend texts and
improve their writing skills. The grammatical concepts are explained and followed by a range of drills intended t Not for o help learners distribution or digest these c resale. For oncepts fur personal ther use . W only. riting exercises
and, where relevant, key writing concepts are introduced in each unit. These include key Introduction vii
writing phrases and concepts, such as connectives, writing letters, summarising texts and
using expressions in different contexts (i.e. expressions of certainty, hope, doubt, and so on).
Each unit contains a section on speaking, in which learners are given the opportunity
to discuss and debate key issues, mainly those relevant to the theme of the module and
unit. Learners are guided through the topic, and, where relevant, key vocabulary and
expressions are provided to help learners express themselves and convey their opinions
about the topic of discussion. This exercise is intended to help learners practise and refine
their speaking skills, as well as gain confidence in speaking in class.
Translation is another skill that is included in each unit. Drawing on the vocabulary
learnt in each unit, learners are encouraged to translate sentences, paragraphs and texts
from and into Arabic. By doing so, learners will be able to put into practice the vocabu-
lary they have learnt, demonstrating therefore their ability to use different concepts and
expressions in different contexts.
In addition to the above skills, this textbook offers a glossary, where both Arabic and
English equivalents are given to the selected Arabic terminologies at the start of each
unit. The Arabic equivalent is designed to enrich learners’ Arabic vocabulary, whereas the
English equivalent is intended to aid learners in their translation tasks.
As previously mentioned, in order to achieve the above listed aims, this textbook offers
a wide range of drills that are designed to help learners enhance and refine their Arabic
language skills. The texts are authentic and cover a range of topics, including culture,
society, politics, environment, education, current affairs, sports and literature. The variety of
themes and topics will not only help learners increase their knowledge, but will also equip
them with the language skills required for different registers in different contexts.
Besides being relevant to the themes of the modules, the texts are selected because
they are brimming with relevant vocabulary and call upon the skills needed to be honed in
each module: grammar, reading, writing, grammar, translation and listening skills. It should
be mentioned here that these texts represent their writers’ views, and do not reflect the authors’ opinions.
The modules are structured in a way that can be easily followed. Each module is
organised around the following sections: reading comprehension, language in context,
grammar, translation, writing, speaking and listening. In order to help learners digest key
concepts and relevant terminologies in each module, a Consolidation Exercises section has
been introduced at the end of each module. There is also a section with answers to some of
the exercises. This key will not only help learners verify their answers, but will also facilitate their independent learning.
The textbook is composed of eight modules, which will have more or less the same
structure and layout. They are organised by the following topics:
Module 1: Culture and Society introduces learners to a wide range of vocabularies on
culture and society of the Middle East, and a variety of drills and exercises, which will help
learners build their confidence and accumulate a vocabulary on this theme. The module
contains a variety of texts to practise reading and listening skills, and each text is accompa-
nied by a range of drills on reading comprehension, grammar, translation, writing, speak- ing and listening. Module 2: The Envir Not onmen for t contains
distribution or texts dealing with the theme of
resale. For personal use only. environment. A
variety of topics are chosen to reflect different aspects of the theme. The module is also
viii Essential Skills in Arabic
intended to familiarise learners with a wide range of Arabic vocabulary on this theme,
which, it is hoped, will aid comprehension of the texts. This is followed by a variety of exer-
cises introduced in each unit to help learners with reading, writing, speaking and listening.
Module 3: Education provides learners with an insight into the theme of education in
the Arab world. The module introduces learners to a variety of texts on the theme of edu-
cation; each text is followed by a wide range of drills which are designed to help learners
practise their reading, grammar, listening, translation, writing and speaking skills. All texts
in this module are followed by glossaries which are intended to help learners comprehend
and translate these texts into English.
Module 4: Global Issues introduces learners to texts on current global issues. As in pre-
vious modules, each text in this module is followed by a glossary, designed to help learn-
ers comprehend texts and facilitate the task of translation. Following the same structure
as other modules, this module offers a variety of drills on different Arabic language skills,
notably reading, grammar, translation, writing, speaking and listening.
Module 5: Media and Communication introduces learners to a variety of texts on the
theme of media and communication. Texts are followed by glossaries and a wide range
of exercises designed to help learners enhance their reading and comprehension skills.
By the end of this module, it is expected that learners will be able to acquire the required
vocabulary and skills to perform reading, writing, speaking, listening and translation tasks.
Also, the module introduces grammatical concepts designed to aid learners in their com-
prehension of Arabic structure and writing tasks.
Module 6: Economy and Development is designed to provide learners with the oppor-
tunity to learn a variety of vocabularies related to the economy. This module includes drills
intended to help learners comprehend and digest different topics and vocabularies related to the theme of economy.
Module 7: Sports introduces learners to texts about sports. Each text is followed by a
glossary and a wide range of practical exercises, most of which are tailored to aid learners
develop and refine their Arabic language skills. The module is also designed to acquaint
learners with concepts and expressions related to the theme of sports.
Module 8: Arts and Literature is designed to introduce learners to texts on aspects
of Arabic literature. Similar to other modules, texts are followed by a glossary and a
wide range of drills, which are selected to help learners improve their reading, grammar,
writing, speaking, listening and translation skills. The module introduces the work of some renowned Arabic writers.
Not for distribution or resale. For personal use only. Map of the Book Module and Reading Grammar Vocabulary Listening Translation Writing Speaking Topic Module 1 Reading ناك Vocabulary to Listening to Translation Locating and Discussing Culture and about and
،اهتاوخأو describe and a text on a of sentences, correcting places to Society understanding ،لاحلا discuss places country in the paragraphs and errors in a visit in the the culture and
ن ي�ب قرفلا and cultures. Middle East. texts from and text. Thinking Middle East. society of the ةفاضإلا
Drills, including into English. and writing Middle East. ةفصلاو
comprehension Vocabulary on in Arabic; Comprehension and language in places in the avoiding questions. context. Middle East, writing in and its use in Arabic through context. translation. Module 2 Reading ،نامز فرظ Learning Listening to two Translation Learning Discussing The texts on the ،ناكم فرظ terminology passages on of texts and vocabulary and what nature Environment environment
لوعفملا specific to the volcanos. sentences writing short holds in and how to ،هلجأل environment related to paragraphs store for us protect it. A لاعفأ and its use in environmental on the and ways of glossary and ليضفتلا the context. issues environment. coping. drills. Module 3 Reading and نإ Words, phrases Listening Translating Writing Using Education understanding
،اهتاوخأو and idiomatic to a text on sentences, cohesive expressions texts about لوعفملا expressions the future of paragraphs and paragraphs, of opinion education.
قلطملا about different education in texts about essays and to discuss Drills, aspects of a changing education, letters; issues comprehension education. world. Drills, from and summarising related to questions comprehension into English. texts. education and language questions and Learning and in the Arab in context language in using key World. exercises. context drills. translated concepts and expressions in the glossary. Module 4 Reading ءامسأ Learning Listening to Translating Listening to Discussing Global Issues about and ،ةراشإلا terminology passages on
texts related to texts about the global understanding ءامسألا specific to the Arab Spring current issues Arab Spring issues, and the state of
ةلوصوملا international and the future and the future expressing science and issues. of economic of economic opinions. technology in resources in the resources. the Arab World. region. Module 5 Reading and
نم عونمملا Vocabulary Listening to Translating Writing Using Media and understanding فصرلا in context; texts and sentences and personal expressions
Communication texts about learning new answering paragraphs letters; using of insistence media and phrases and questions about about connectors to to discuss communication. synonyms; key media and media and write essays social Glossaries and terminologies
communication. communication on media- media; comprehension about into Arabic. related topics; expressions questions. media and Translation of phrases and and phrases communication. a text about expressions relating to impartiality for writing the pros of media into introductions and cons English. and of social
Not for distribution or resale. For personal use only. conclusions. media. x Essential Skills in Arabic Module 6 Reading and ءامسألا Learning new Listening to Translating Using Using Economy and comprehending
،ةسمخلا vocabulary on a text paragraphs, expressions expressions Development texts about عراضملا the economy. on Arab texts and pertaining to to discuss the economy. ي ن�بملا revolutions and expressions expenditure in topics Comprehension لوهجملل their knock-on about the context; using related and language effect on the
economy into expressions of to the in context economy. English. causality and economy. questions. Comprehension effect to write questions. an essay about unemployment. Module 7 Reading texts ي ن �املا Learning Listening to Translating Using Discussing Sports about sports. ي ن�بملا and using texts texts about expressions of different Answering ،لوهجملل vocabulary about sports sports from and preference to aspects comprehension عراضملا about sports. and tourism. A into Arabic. write about of sports, questions. بوصنملا glossary and sports. Using including drills. expressions the impact related to of sports on success and health and failure. the pros of sports. Module 8 Reading texts
ةيفانلا ل Learning and Listening to Translation of Using Discussing Arts and about Arabic ،سنجلل using words, texts literary texts expressions Arabic Literature literature. مسا phrases about Arabic into English. of preference literature Answering لوعفملا and literary literature. A to write and writers, comprehension ي ن�بملا expressions. glossary and about Arabic and other questions. لوهجملل drills. literature. related Learning about topics. literature and prominent Arab authors. Key to Symbols A Z Glossary Listening
? Comprehension questions 3 Answer key Language in context Speaking “ ” Translation G Grammar - Writing
Not for distribution or resale. For personal use only. x Essential Skills in Arabic Module 6 Reading and ءامسألا Learning new Listening to Translating Using Using Economy and comprehending
،ةسمخلا vocabulary on a text paragraphs, expressions expressions Development texts about عراضملا the economy. on Arab texts and pertaining to to discuss the economy. ي ن�بملا revolutions and expressions expenditure in topics Comprehension لوهجملل their knock-on about the context; using related and language effect on the
economy into expressions of to the in context economy. English. causality and economy. questions. Comprehension effect to write questions. an essay about unemployment. Module 7 Reading texts ي ن �املا Learning Listening to Translating Using Discussing Sports about sports. ي ن�بملا and using texts texts about expressions of different Answering ،لوهجملل vocabulary about sports sports from and preference to aspects comprehension عراضملا about sports. and tourism. A into Arabic. write about of sports, questions. بوصنملا glossary and sports. Using including drills. expressions the impact related to of sports on success and health and failure. the pros of sports. Module 8 Reading texts
ةيفانلا ل Learning and Listening to Translation of Using Discussing Arts and about Arabic ،سنجلل using words, texts literary texts expressions Arabic Literature literature. مسا phrases about Arabic into English. of preference literature Answering لوعفملا and literary literature. A to write and writers, comprehension ي ن�بملا expressions. glossary and about Arabic and other questions. لوهجملل drills. literature. related Learning about topics. literature and prominent Arab authors. Key to Symbols A Z Glossary Listening
? Comprehension questions 3 Answer key Language in context Speaking “ ” Translation G Grammar - Writing
Not for distribution or resale. For personal use only.
Module 1 Module 1: Culture and Society Culture and Society
عمتجلماو ةفاقّثلا :لولأا لصفلا Unit 1 ساف ةنيدم Unit 2
بيرعلا لماعلا في ءاشرلا سوه Unit 3
ندرلأا ءاترب :ةيدرولا ةنيدلما Consolidation Exercises
Not for distribution or resale. For personal use only. UNIT 1 1 ةدحولا :ديهمت
؟لبق نم ساف ةنيدم نع متعمس له 1
؟لبقتسملا ني� اهترايز نوونت وأ ساف ةنيدم مترز له 2
؟برغملا نع نوفرعت اذام 3 :صنلا ساف
عم ن ي�نويلملا نم ش�كأو ةمسن نويلم 1.9 نع ديزي ناّكس ددعب ةيبرغملا ةكلمملا ندم ب�كأ ين�اث يه ساف
ساف ةنيدم تس ّسأت .م 2010 تايئاصحإ بسح ،( هللا ن ي�ع ،ةدوسنب ،ةغاوز) ةرواجملا قطانملا باسح
ةيسيردإلا ةلودلا ةمصاع اهلعج يذلا ين�اثلا سيردإ دي لىع ، م 808 رياني / 4 ل قفاوملا يرجه 182 ني�
ساف ،ماسقأ 3 لإ ساف مسقنتو .1200لا اهدلايم ديعب م 2008 ةنس ةنيدملا تلفتحا ثيح ،برغملاب
ةديدجلا ةنيدملاو ،يدلايملا ش�ع ثلاثلا نرقلا ني� تينب دقو ديدجلا سافو ،ةميدقلا ةنيدملا يهو يلابلا
. يسنرفلا رامعتسلا ة ت�ف نابإ نويسنرفلا اهانب ي ت�لا :خيراتلا
ةسرادألا ةلود سسؤم هللا دبع نب سيردإ ماق امدنع ،يرجهلا ين�اّثلا نرقلا لإ ساف ةنيدم خيرات دوعي
تا ش�ع ساف ةنيدم لإ دفو .ساف رهنل ن�ميلا ةفضلا لىع ةنيدم ءانبب م 789 ماعل قفاوملا ـه172 ماع
دفو امك . ن ي�يورقلا ةودع مساب فرع يذلاو ،ةنيدملا ني� ءايحألا لوأ اوميقيل ن ي�يورقلا نم ةيبرعلا تلائاعلا
يح كانه ناكو . ن ي�يسلدنألا ةودع يح اونّوكيل سلدنألا نم ةرجهلا لىع اومغرأ نيذلا نويسلدنألا اهيلإ
.حلاملا يح وهو دوهيلل صاخ
نم ى�يلا ةفضلا لىع ةيناثلا ةنيدملا ين�اثلا سيردإ هنبا س ّسأ ،ةنس ني ش�عب لوألا سيردإ ةافو دعب و
امهديحوتب ن ي�فشات نب فسوي رمأف ،نوطبارملا اهلخد نأ لإ اذكه ةم ّسقم ةنيدملا تلظ دقو .رهّنلا تمكح ن
ي ت�لا ةيلاتتملا لودلل برغملا لامش ي� ةيسيئرلا ةيبرحلا ةدعاقلا تراصف ،ةدحاو ةنيدم امهلعجو
،م 859 ماع ن ي�يورقلا ةعماج اهيف ت َس ِّسُأو ايقيرفأ لامش ني� ايملعو اينيد ازكرم اهنوكل ةفاضإلاب ،ةقطنملا
.ابوروأو يملاسإلا ملاعلا ءاحنأ عيمج نم بلاطلا دصقم تناك ي ت�لا ن
يسنرفلا للاتحلا ة ت�ف َناَّبِإ) م 1912 ماع ت�ح ةيبرغملا ةكلمملل ةمصاع ساف تناك ،ثيدحلا خيراتلا ي�
ساف ناكس نم ديدعلا رجاه .طابرلا ةنيدم لإ ةمصاعلا ليوحت اهيف ّمتو ،(م 1956 ت�ح تّرمتسا ي ت�لاو
نم ناكسلا ةرجهل ناكو ،هينكاس نم امامت حلاملا ّيح َغرفُأ ذإ ،ةنيدملا دوهي ةصاخو ىرخألا ندملا لإ
.ائيس ايداصتقا ارثأ ةنيدملا
ةيحورلاو ةيملعلا ةمصاعلا ساف
هتسسأ يذلا ن ي�يورقلا عماج وهو ةيملعلا تاس ّسؤملا مدقأو قرعأ نم دحاو ساف ةنيدم ني� دجوي
يقب دقو .اماع (51) ةدمب ةنيدملا سيسأت دعب م / 859 ـه 245 ماع يرهفلا دمحم تنب ةمطاف ةديسلا .ةنس فلألا ةبارق ن
ي ن�يدلاو ي�اقثلاو يركفلا طاشنلل ازكرم هب ةقحلملا ةيملعلا ةعماجلاو عماجلا
سنوتب ةنوتيزلا عماج دعب ملاعلا ن ن
ي� ةيفاقث ةعماج مدقأ ين�اث ثيدحلا صرعلا ي� ن ي�يورقلا ةعماج ب�تعتو
حبصأ يذلا ن ين�اثلا هنيرفول يد تربرج ملعت اهيفو ،برغلا ءاملع ضعب اهنم جرخت ثيح ،(م 736ـه 116) .ابوروأ ن
ي� كلذ ش�ن يذلا وهو باسحلا ملع ي� ( ي ب�رعلا رفصلا) ملعت اهيفو . ين�اثلا ت�سفلس دعب اميف نرقلا ن ن
ي� اصوصخ ،ةنيدملا ءاحنأ ي� ت ش�تناو ن ي�يورقلا عماج لوح تينب ي ت�لا اهسرادمب ساف تن ّي�متو
يّن�ف قوذب سرادملا هذه تنّيز دقو ،ءارمألا نم ديدعلا دي لىع يدلايملا ش�ع عبارلا / يرجهلا نماثلا هذه ةمدقم ن ن
ي� يت�أيو .ساف ةنيدم ي� ةيفرخزلا تلايكشتلا عورأ نم ةدحاو لّكشت يهو عّونتمو عيفر
ةسردملاو ،م 1343 / ـه 743 ةنس نسحلا وبأ اهس ّسأ ي ت�لا ةيحابصملا ةسردملاو ،ساف ةسردم سرادملا
امأ .سرادملا نم ي�ثكلا نم اه ي�غو ،ةنذئمو ب�نمب ةدوزملا ةديحولا ةسردملا يهو نانع وبأ اهس ّسأ ي ت�لا
م 1280 / ـه 678 ماع ي ن�يرملا فسوي وبأ اهئانبب رمأ ي ت�لا نيرافصلا ةسردم يهف ،ساف سرادم مدقأ
Not for distribution or resale. For personal use only.
Module 1: Culture and Society 3
رغصأ نيراطعلا ةسردم ب�تعتو . ن ي�يورقلا دجسم ةعماج لإ دعب اميف تلقن دقو ةيرث ةبتكمب اهدّوزو
.اهاهبأو اهلمجأ نم ةيرامعملا ةسدنهلا ثيح نم تناك اهنكلو اهنامز ني� ةسردم
https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B3 فّصرتب Glossary
ميهافمو سوماق AZ
ةي ن ي�لجنإلا ةغللا ني� هلباقم هيناعم حلطصملا Neighbouring
ةيذاحملا ،بناج لإ وأ راوجب ةدجاوتملا ةرواجملا Statistics
باسح ،صرح ، ّدع تايئاصحإ (ج) ءاصحإ To found ماقأ ،أشْنُأ س َّسأ Bank بناج ةفضلا To come to لبقأ ،مدق ،ءاج دَفو To celebrate
ام ةبسانمب ةداعسو حرف روعش نع ي�بعتلا ب لفتحا To establish
اوئشْنُي ،اوس ّسَؤُي اوميقيل Neighbourhoods
ي ن�كس عمجت وأ ةقطنم ّيح (م) ءايحألا To force مزلأ ، َب� ْجأ مَغْرَأ Immigration
،ليحرلا ،دلبلا جراخ وأ لخاد رخآ لإ ناكم ةرداغم ةرجهلا حون�لا Death
عصرم ،ليحر ،تْوَم ةافو Successive ،ةعباتتُملا ةيلاتتملا Destination ضرغ ،دارم ،ةياغ دصقم Parts; sides
فرط ،بناج (م) بناوج ةيحان (م) ءاحنأ
Occupation; colonisation
رامعتسلا ّلتحا :لعفلاو للاتحلا To be emptied ي ِلىخأ
(لوهجملل ي ن�بم) َغرفُأ Deep rooted ليصأ ،قيرع قرعأ Add on; annex
ةفاضِإ ،لامْكِت ْسا ،مامْتِإ ،قاحْلإ ةقحلملا Fine; grand; high ماس ،ليلج ،زراب عيفر
1.1 Comprehension questions
نومضملا لوح ةلئسأ 1.1 ?
.أطخلا باوجلا مامأ )✗( و باوصلا مامأ )3( ةملاع اوعض .أ 3
A. Tick (3) the correct answers and cross (✗) the incorrect ones.
.ةحاسملا ثيح نم ةيناّثلا ةبترملا ساف ّلتحت ¨ 1 Not for distribution or .ساف ةنيدم س resale. For personal use only.
ّسَؤم وه ين�اّثلا سيردإ ¨ 2 .نوّي ن
ِورقلا هماقَأ ساف ةنيدم ي� يح لّوأ ¨ 3 4 Essential Skills in Arabic
.رطاخ بيط نع ساف لإ سلدنألا نم نوّيسلدنألا دَفو ¨ 4
.ةيناّثلا ةنيدملا تس ّسُأ ين�اَّثلا سيردإ ةاَفَو نم ةنس ني ْش� ِع دعب ¨ 5
.ساف ةنيدم نوطبارملا د ّحو ¨ 6
.ساف ةنيدم لىع اّيداصِتقا ةر ْجهلا ترَّثَأ ¨ 7 3
. يلي امل حيحصلا باوجلا اوراتخا .ب
B. Choose the correct answers for the following.
يذلا ين�اثلا سيردإ دي لىع ، م 808 رياني / 4 ل قفاوملا يرجه 182 ني� ساف ةنيدم تس ّسأت “ 1
اهدلايم ديعب م 2008 ةنس ةنيدملا تلفتحا ثيح ،برغملاب ةيسيردإلا ةلودلا ةمصاع اهلعج .”1200لا
ةنس 182 لبق ساف ةنيدم تس ّسأ .أ
ين�اّثلا سيردإ لإ ساف ةنيدم سيسأت ني� لضفلا دوعي .ب
برغملا ةمصاع ساف .ج
ةلود سسؤم هللا دبع نب سيردإ ماق امدنع ،يرجهلا ين�اّثلا نرقلا لإ ساف ةنيدم خيرات دوعي “ 2
لإ دفو .ساف رهنل ن�ميلا ةفضلا لىع ةنيدم ءانبب م 789 ماعل قفاوملا ـه172 ماع ةسرادألا
فرع يذلاو ةنيدملا ني� ءايحألا لوأ اوميقيل ن ي�يورقلا نم ةيبرعلا تلائاعلا تا ش�ع ساف ةنيدم
” ن ي�يورقلا ةودع مساب
ةّيبرعلا تلائاعلا هتماقأ ساف ةنيدم ءايحأ نم يح ن ي�يورقلا ةودع .أ
ةنس 172 ةدمل ةمصاع اهلعجو ساف سيسأتب هللا دبع نب سيردإ ماق .ب
هللادبع نب سيردإ ءيجم لبق ةبقح لإ ساف ةنيدم خيرات دوعي .ج
ة ت�ف َناَّبِإ) م 1912 ماع ت�ح ةيبرغملا ةكلمملل ةمصاع ساف تناك ،ثيدحلا خيراتلا ني� “ 3
.طابرلا ةنيدم لإ ةمصاعلا ليوحت اهيف متو (م 1956 ت�ح ترمتسا ي ت�لاو يسنرفلا للاتحلا
ح لاملا يح َغرفُأ ذإ ،ةنيدملا دوهي ةصاخو ىرخألا ندملا لإ ساف ناكس نم ديدعلا رجاه
“ ائيس ايداصتقا ارثأ ةنيدملا نم ناكسلا ةرجهل ناكو ،هينكاس نم امامت
م 1912 ماع ذنم برغملا ةمصاع طابّرلا تحبصأ .أ
دوهيلا ن ي�كرات ةقطنملا ساف ناكس رداغ .ب
ني�ارغميدلا عونتلا لىع ايبلس ارثأ ناكسلا نم ديدعلا ةرجهل ناك .ج
عماج دعب ملاعلا ن ن
ي� ةيفاقث ةعماج مدقأ ين�اث ثيدحلا صرعلا ي� ن ي�يورقلا ةعماج ب�تعتو “ 4
تربرج ملعت اهيفو برغلا ءاملع ضعب اهنم جرخت ثيح (م 736ـه 116) سنوتب ةنوتيزلا
ملع ني� ( ي ب�رعلا رفصلا) ملعت اهيفو . ين�اثلا ت�سفلس دعب اميف حبصأ يذلا ين�اثلا هنيرفول يد
.ابوروأ ني� كلذ ش�ن يذلا وهو باسحلا ن ن
ي� اصوصخ ةنيدملا ءاحنأ ي� ت ش�تناو ن ي�يورقلا عماج لوح تينب ي ت�لا اهسرادمب ساف تن ي�متو
سرادملا هذه تنيز دقو ،ءارمألا نم ديدعلا دي لىع يدلايملا ش�ع عبارلا / يرجهلا نماثلا نرقلا
”.ساف ةنيدم ني� ةيفرخزلا تلايكشتلا عورأ نم ةدحاو لكشت يهو عونتمو عيفر ي ن�ف قوذب
ملاعلا ني� ةعماج مدقأ ن ي�يورقلا ةعماج .أ
برغلا نم ءاملع ةعماجلا نم جرخت .ب
ةليلقلا سرادملا ضعب سيسأت ساف ةنيدم تفرع .ج
Not for distribution or resale. For personal use only.
Module 1: Culture and Society 5
.ةيلاتلا ةلئسألا نع اوبيجأ مث هلاعأ صنلا اوؤرقا .ج 3
C. Read the text and answer the following questions.
؟ةيساسأ راكفأ ثلاث صنلا نم اوجرختسا 1
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
؟تناك ةلود ةّيَأ ةمصاعو ساف ةنيدم تس ّسُأ ت�م 2
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
؟تس ّسأ فيكو ؟ساف ةنيدم خيرات دوعي ت�م لِإ 3
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
؟دوهيلاب صاخلا ّيحلا مسا وه ام 4
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
؟ةنيدملا ني� نوطبارملا هب ماق زاجنا ّمهأ وه ام 5
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
؟ىرخألا ندملا لإ ساف ناكس نم ديدعلا رجاه اذامل 6
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
؟ ن ي�يورقلا ةعماج ني� ملعتو جّرخت نم 7
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
1.2 Language in context قايسلا ن ي� ةغللا 1.2
.ّطخ هتحت امل ةقفاوملا ةرابعلا وأ ةملكلا اورات ْخا .أ 3
A. Choose the correct answer for the underlined verbs/phrases.
ةمسن نويلم 1.9 نع ديزي ناّكس ددعب ةّيبرغملا ةكلمملا ندم ب�كأ ين�اث يه ساف 1 .................نع ّلقي ..........زواجتي
............... ن ي�ب ام حوا ت�ي
م 2010 تاّيئاصحإ بسح 2 .............ل
ًارَظَن ..................بب َسِب ........................ق ْفِو
ن ي�ّيورقلا ةودع مساب فِرُع يذلاو 3
................. ني� لّثمت ........... ب ف ت�عا
...................ب رهتشا
ايملعو اينيد ازكرم اهنوكل ةفاضإلاب 4 ...اهنوك رك
Not for ِّذلاب ريدجلا نمو distribution ..... or اهنْوك بناج resale. For َلِإ ......... personal اهن use ْوَك ضيقن لىع only. 6 Essential Skills in Arabic 3
.صنلا نم ةيلاتلا تادرفملا دادضأ اوجرختسا .ب
B. Provide antonyms for the following from the text.
...................... ةيئاّنلا 1
...................... بهذي 2
...................... ي�مدت 3
...................... تيتشت 4
....................... ةّي ِوناّثلا 5
...................... ميدقلا 6 ...................... رّمع 7 ...................... دّيج 8 3
ةيلاّتلا تادرفُملا نم تافدارمب ّطخ اهتحت ت ي�ّلا تاملكلا اوضّوع .ج
C. Choose the appropriate synonyms for the underlined words from the following.
للاخ - ي ِلىخُأ - اّيبلس - ي�يغت - ي�ثكلا - صراعملا - ي ن�طاق - ت ّدتما
ةمصاع ساــف تناك ،--------- خيراتلا ني�
ةمصاع ساف تناك ،ثيدحلا خيراتلا ني�
------) م 1912 ماع ت�ح ةيبرغملا ةكلمملل
ناّبِإ) م 1912 ماع ت�ح ةيبرغملا ةكلمملل
ت�ح --------- ي ت�لاو يسنرفلا للاتحلا --------
ت�ح ترمتسا ي ت�لاو يسنرفلا للاتحلا ة ت�ف
ةنيدم لإ ةمصاعلا ------- اهيف متو (م 1956
لإ ةمصاعلا ليوحت اهيف متو (م 1956
ندملا لإ ساف ------ نم ------- رجاه .طابرلا
ساف ناكس نم ديدعلا رجاه .طابرلا ةنيدم
يح ------- ذإ ،ةنيدملا دوهي ةصاخو ىرخألا
،ةنيدملا دوهي ةصاخو ىرــخألا ندملا لإ
ناكسلا ةرجهل ناكو ،هينكاس نم امامت حلاملا
ناكو ،هينكاس نم امامت حلاملا يح َغِرْفُأ ذإ
-------- ايداصتقا ارثأ ةنيدملا نم
ائّيس ايداصتقا ارثأ ةنيدملا نم ناكسلا ةرجهل 3
.هلاعأ بسانملا فرحلاب غارفلا ف ي� مقرلا اولص .بسانملا فرحلاب تاغارفلا اولمكأ .د
D. Match the numbers in the blanks with the appropriate preposition.
ب - دعب - ني� - نم - ب - لىع - اهيف
(3)---- ةيناثلا ةنيدملا ين�اثلا سيردإ هنبا سسأ ةنس ني ش�ع ---- (2) --- لوألا سيردإ ةافو ----(1)---- و
رمأف نوطبارملا اهلخد نأ دعب اذكه ةمسقم ةنيدملا تلظ دقو .رهّنلا -----(4)---- ى�يلا ةفضلا -----
--(6)---- ةيسيئرلا ةيبرحلا ةدعاقلا تراصف ةدحاو ةنيدم امهلعجو امهديحوت ----(5)---- ن ي�فشات نب فسوي
ايقيرفأ لامش ني� ايملعو اينيد ازكرم اهنوكل ةفاضإلاب ةقطنملا تمكح ي ت�لا ةيلاتتملا لودلل برغملا لامش --
ملاعلا ءاحنأ عيمج نم بلاطلا دصقم تناك ي ت�لا م 859 ماع ن ي�يورقلا ةعماج -----(7)---- ت َس ِّسُأو
.ابوروأو يملاسإلا
Not for distribution or resale. For personal use only.
Module 1: Culture and Society 7
.صنلا نم ةذوخأملا ةيلاتلا تارقفلا نم ةرقف لكل ةبسانملا ةبوج ألا اوراتخا .و 3
E. Choose the right answers for the following paragraphs from the text.
“ برغملاب ةيسيردإلا ةلودلا ةمصاع اهلعج يذلا ين�اثلا سيردإ دي لىع “ 1
: نم مسا يذلا
ةراشإلا ءامسأ – أ
ةلوصوملا ءامسألا – ب
ةسمخلا ءامسألا – ج
ةلود سسؤم هللا دبع نب سيردإ ماق امدنع ،يرجهلا ين�اّثلا نرقلا لإ ساف ةنيدم خيرات دوعي “ 2
”ساف رهنل ن�ميلا ةفضلا لىع ةنيدم ءانبب م 789 ماعل قفاوملا ـه172 ماع ةسرادألا
اهقبس يذّلا ءزجلا نع ليصافت ةيناثلا ةلمجلا يطعت – أ
قبس ام صخلت – ب
قبس امب ة ّصاخلا بابسألا ةلمجلا حرطت – ج “ ةقطنملا تمكح ن
ي ت�لا ةيلاتتملا لودلل برغملا لامش ي� ةيسيئرلا ةيبرحلا ةدعاقلا تراصف “ 3
قبس ام ةجيتن نع ةلمجلا ّب�عت – أ
قبس ام ببس نع ةلمجلا ّب�عت – ب
قبس ام ةلمجلا ح ش�ت – ج
ةديفم ةرقف لع اولصحت تّ�ح ةيلاوملا لمجلا اوبّتر .ي 3
F. Put the following sentences in order to form an appropriate paragraph. وهو لأ 1
يسيئر ببس لجأ نم ةلحرلا هذه تناك 2
ن ي�سردملا ةراهمو ة ب�خل ارظن ةديفمو ةقّوشم فوف ّصلا تناك 3
ةّيبرعلا ةغّللا مّلعت 4
عامتسلاو ةءارقلاو وحنلاب ةقلعتم سوردو تا ن صراحم ت ن صرح دقف 5 تلاحرلا نسحأ نم ن ن
ي ت�لحر تناكو صرم لإ ترفاس 6
دلبلا ي� ةيخيراتلا نكامألا ةرايز ي� يغارف تقو مظعم ي ن�قأ تنك دقف لصفلا جراخ امأ 7 1.3 Grammar وحنلا 1.3 G
Consider the following sentences from the text:
There was a special neighbourhood for the Jews. دوهيلا
This was Al Mellah neighbourhood
ّيح وهو صاخ ّيح كانه ناك 1
Students from all over the Muslim world went there ءاحنأ عيمج نم بلاّطلا دصقم تناك 2 ملاعلا
Fez was the capital of the Moroccan Kingdom
ةّيبرغملا ةكلمملل ةمصاع ساف تناك 3
· The verb ناك (was) is an irregular hollow verb that is often used at the beginning of a nominal sentenc Not e and r for enders its meaning in the past distribution or resale. For . personal use only. 8 Essential Skills in Arabic
· When ناك preceeds a nominal sentence, the subject أدتبملا remains in the nominative
case and becomes the subject of ناك (ناك مسا), and the predicate ب�خلا takes the accu-
sative case and becomes the predicate of ناك (ناك ب�خ)
· ناك agrees in number and gender with its subject depending on the position of ناك in the sentence.
ناك belongs to a category of verbs called اهتاوخأو ناك, which includes:
– became (evening) سمأ – became (morning) حبصأ – is not سيل – became راص
مادام is still – لازام – remained (at night) تاب –remained لظ – became (dawn) ىحضأ
The above verbs have the same grammatical function as ناك
Note that كانه (”there was“) can be confusing when considering the subject and predicate
of ناك. In the sentence ”حلاملا ّيح وهو دوهيلل صاخ ّيح كانه ناك“, ” ّيح“ is the grammatical
subject, not the predicate, and takes the nominative case in Arabic. :نيرامت 3
.ه ي�يغت بجي ام لك او ّي�غو ةيلاّتلا ةيمسإلا لمجلا لع اهتاوخأ و ناك لاعفأ نم لاعف اولخدا .أ
A. Insert one of اهتاوخأو ناك and change accordingly.
-----------------------------------------------
ّماه يحايس زكرم ةيخيراّتلا ةنيدملا 1
----------------------------------------------- ملاعلا ءاحنأ عيمج نم راّوزلا دصقم ةميدقلا راثآلا 2
-----------------------------------------------
ن ي�قوستملا ةّنج يراجّتلا زكرملا 3
-----------------------------------------------
ندنل ني� حايسلا نم ُ ي�ثكلا كانه 4
-----------------------------------------------
ة ي�ثكو ةفلتخم سانجأ ملاعلا ني� 5 3
:ةيلاتلا ةرقفلا ف ي� ناك ب�خو مسا اونّيب .ب
B. Identify the subject and predicate of ناك in the following paragraph.
.دلايملا نم ثلاّثلاو ين�اّثلا ن ي�نرقلا للاخ ةنَّي�مُم ةّيراجت ةناكم اهل ناكو ملعلابو ّنفلاب رهتشت ةنيدملا تناك
راثآلا نمثَأو مهَأ نم راثآلال ًافحتم يخيراّتلا عقوملا ناكو .ةراجحلل علقمك نورق ىدم لىع تمدخُتسا دقو
ة ّدع تا ت�موليك لوط لىع ّدتمي ميظع روس ةنيدملاب ناك امك .همجح رغص نم مغّرلا لىع كلذو ةيناموّرلا
طسو ةيرثألا ةنيدملا هذه نم ي�بك أزج قرغ اميف ، ي�خألا اذه ي�مدت ببس ةيساقلا ةعيبّطلا تناك نكلو .رحبلا هايم
Not for distribution or resale. For personal use only.
Module 1: Culture and Society 9
C. Vocalise the above text. .هلاعأ ّصنلا اولّكش .ج 3
D. Negate the following sentences:
ةيلاّتلا لمجلا اوفنا .د 3
قيرعلا خيراّتلل اح�م ةميدقلا ندملا تناك 1
ةرادإلا سلجم ءاضعأ نم ةحايسلا مسق ريدم حبصأ 2
ساّنلا ن ي�ب لصاوتلا ةطقن ح�ملا ّلظ 3
ثب ن ي�لإ ةكلملا ةماقإ ن
ّرقم ه ب�نديا ي� يكلملا صرقلا ناك 4
اهتاوخأو ناك لاعفأ نم بسانم لعف مادختسا عم ف�ثملا في� يلي ام ةباتك اوديعأ .ه 3
E. Rewrite the following in the dual form using an appropriate verb of ناك اهتاوخأو
............................................................................................................................................... ي�صق بوّثلا 1
...............................................................................................................................................فيظن تيبلا 2
................................................................................................................................................طيشن دلولا 3
.............................................................................................................................................لداع مكاحلا 4
..............................................................................................................................................بعتم لجرلا 5
...........................................................................................................................................مّلأتم ضيرملا 6 1.4 Translation
ةمجرت طاشن 1.4
يلي ام ةمجرت صنلا نم اوجرختسا .أ
A. Find the equivalent of the following from the text.
1. The history of Fez goes back to the second Hijri century.
2. Dozens of Arab families arrived in Fez.
3. Twenty years after the death of Idris I, his son Idris II founded the second city on the left bank of the river.
4. The city remained like this until the Almoravids conquered it.
5. Many of the inhabitants of Fez migrated to other cities; in particular the Jews of the city.
6. The migration of inhabitants from the city had a damaging effect on the economy.
ةي ف ي�لجنإلا ةغللا لىإ يلي ام اومجرت .ب
B. Translate the following into English.
ةقيرعلا ةنيدملا خيرات
للاخ ةن َّي�َمُم ةّيراجت ةناكم Not اهل for ناك املاطل اه distribution ّنأ ّل or إ ملعلاب resale. لو ّنفل For اب رهتشت مل personal ةنيدمل use ا
only. ّنأ نم مغّرلا لىع
راثآلال ًافحتم ّمضت يهو .ةراجحلل علقمك نورق ىدم لىع تمدخُتسا دقو .دلايملا نم ثلاّثلاو ين�اّثلا ن ي�نرقلا