lOMoARcPSD| 10435767
Some answer from previous test: (Mrs. Nga)
Which mechanism that create atp in glycolysis
ATP is created directly from glycolysis through the process of
substrate-level phosphorylation (SLP) and indirectly by oxidative phosporylation (OP).
Oxiadation gives more ATP than SLP
Glycosis converts glucose to pyruvate
ATP Co2 NADH All above
substrate used in last step of glycolysis: Pyruvate kinase
SLP catalyzed by Pyruvate kinase 2 ATP produced Central: Acetyl CoA
TCA is called Kreb because it has 3 COOH groups as first product
TCA doesn’t require oxygen directly
If Kreb cycle overstimulated, too much CO2 will be generated lOMoARcPSD| 10435767
In ETC, complex II doesn’t pump
Oxidative phosphorylation: inner ETC final recipient is O2 lOMoARcPSD| 10435767 (Mrs. Hang)
Experiments on denaturation and renaturation after the reduction and
reoxidation of the -S-S bonds in the enzyme ribonuclease have shown that the
primary sequence of RNase is sufficient to determine its specific secondary and tertiary structure
The average molecular weight of the 20 standard amino acids is 138 but
biochemists use 110 when estimating the number of amino acids in protein of known molecular weight: Why?
The number 110 reflects the higher proportion of small amino acids in
proteins, as well as the loss of water when the peptide bond forms. In the
helix the hydrogen bonds: are roughly parallel to the axis of the helix
In an aqueous solution, protein conformation is determined by two major
factors. One is the formation of the maximum number of hydrogen bonds. The
other is the: placement of hydrophobic amino acid residues within the interior of the protein.
(other minor factors: maximization of ionic interactions
Placement of polar amino acid residues around the exterior of the protein
Formation of the maximum number of hydrophilic interactions
Minimization of entropy by the formation of a water solvent shell around the protein)
All of the amino acids that are found in protein except for proline, contain amino group lOMoARcPSD| 10435767
Proteins are classified within families or superfamilies based on similarities
in: Structure and/ or function
What type of DNA damage is typical from exposure to UV light: cyclobutane dimers
Of the 20 standard amino acids, only glycine is not optically active. The
reason is that its side chain is a hydrogen atom
In size exclusion chromatography the largest proteins will: Elute first as it is
unable to pass through the pores of the stationary phase
A sequence of amino acids in a certain protein is found to be -Ser-Gly-
ProGly. The sequence is most likely part of B turns (antiparallel beta sheet)
Describe what type of molecules can be analyzed by size exclusion based on
change Both ionic and uncharged
In an a helix, the R groups on the amino acid residues: are found on the outside of the helix spiral
An average protein will not denatured by: iodoacetic acid
At the isoelectric pH of a tetrapeptide: the total net charge is zero
The first step in 2D gel electrophoresis generates a series of protein bands by
iso electric focusing. In a second step, a strip of gel is turned 90 degrees, placed on
another gel containing SDS, and electric current is again applied. In this second lOMoARcPSD| 10435767
step, the proteins with similar isoelectric points become further separated
according to their molecular weights
A column of Sephadex G-75 (fractionation range 4.000 – 150.000) has a
void volume of 5ml and a total volume of 17l. A protein was applied to the column
and eluted at 5ml. What information can you deduce from the experiment ?
A. The protein has a molecular weight of 4,000
B. The protein has a molecular weight of 150,000
C. The protein is interacting with the resin
D. None of the above
Which statement regarding bases in DNA is false?
a) they have vertical stacking interactions b) they absorb UV light
c) they hydrogen bond btw 2, 3, or 4 complementary DNA strands
d) pyrmidines are aromatic; purines are not
Choose an incorrect statement on size exclusion chromatography:
Highly specific and strong interactions like antigen-antibody,
enzymesubtrate, ect are used for separation
Nature of the interaction based on the size or hydrodynamic radius and
shape of biomolecules in a solution
Separation achieved due to differences in hydrodynamic radius and shape
Relies on porous beads, larger molecules elute first because they are not trapped in small pores
Prosthetic groups in the class of proteins known as glycoproteins are composed of: carbohydrates lOMoARcPSD| 10435767
In a conjugated protein, a prosthetic group is: a part of protein that is not composed of amino acids
Amino acid residues commonly found in the middle of beta turn are Pro-Gly
Even when a gene is available and its sequence of nucleotides is known,
chemical studies of the protein are still required to determine:
the amino-terminal amino acid. the location of disulfide bonds:
whether the protein has the amino acid methionine in its sequence_
the number of amino acids in the protein:
molecular weight of the protein