IELTS Writing Task 2: Advantages vs. Disadvantages | English 1 (TĐT) | Đại học Tôn Đức Thắng

lOMoAR cPSD| 40342981 WEEK 4 Writing: Week 4
• Type 3: Advantages vs. Disadvantages
• Type 4: Negative or Positive
• Paraphrasing 1. Homework revision + paraphrasing:
=> Practice writing the introduction:
Opinions are divided on whether the authorities should offer complimentary shelters to impoverished
people. Although doing so could bring ….. => sử dụng từ đồng nghĩa: cẩn thận tra cứu
=> provide free housing => make houses free // available for free
=> everyone who cannot afford it => people who lack financial means to buy one Body:
Granted, THIS POLICY // INITIATIVE // PLAN may lead to some issues regarding limited budget and the economy.
Regarding the former, the government might have to deal with enormous costs for funding free housing // this
initiative // building many // a large number of houses. THIS // DOING SO could lead to insufficient budget for
vital sectors such as healthcare, education, and public infrastructure. Consequently, SUCH A POLICY could hinder
the overall development of the whole country.
4. Paraphrasing
How to avoid word repetition?
Có cách nào để tránh lặp từ trong bài không? Dùng synonyms?
1. THIS (điều này // việc này) + DO SO (làm như vậy) + IT + THEM => DÙNG LINKING
+ Opinions are divided on whether countries should import food from other parts of the world to meet the local demand. lOMoAR cPSD| 40342981
=> I believe that even though importing food from other parts of the world (= DOING SO) could bring certain
advantages, they are far outweighed by the related drawbacks.
+ Employers tend to favour academic qualifications over personal experience and qualities.
=> This is because focusing on academic qualifications (= DOING SO) ------ THIS helps them understand the
candidate’s past efforts and thus quantify the competency of him or her more easily.
2. KHÁI QUÁT HOÁ: => có thể áp dụng cho TOPIC SENTENCE
=> dùng N nghĩa rộng hơn => dùng kèm this // such + N
+ Opinions are divided on whether countries should import food from other parts of the world to meet the local demand.
=> I believe that even though importing food from other parts of the world (= THIS + TENDENCY // TREND //
PRACTICE) could bring certain advantages, they are far outweighed by the related drawbacks.
+ Opinions are divided on whether the authorities should place a ban on plastic bags due to their environmental concerns.
=> Although a ban on plastic bags (= THIS + POLICY // MEASURE) may present some problems to customers and
businesses, I believe its benefits in terms of environmental protection are much more significant.
+ It is common these days for people to use single-use plastic bags, as they are more durable and cheaper compared
to other kinds of bags.
=> However, use single-use plastic bags (= THIS + HABIT // TREND // PRACTICE) has led to environmental pollution
on land and water, because the bags are often carelessly thrown away after use.
+ Employers tend to favour academic qualifications over personal experience and qualities.
=> This is because focusing on academic qualifications (= THIS TENDENCY // PRACTICE) helps them understand the
candidate’s past efforts and thus quantify the competency of him or her more easily.
+ It is common these days for people to have children later in life, compared to previous generations.
=> Although having children later in life (= THIS TREND // DECISION // CHOICE // DELAY) could bring about certain
problems, I think they are far outweighed by benefits for both babies and their parents.
+ To begin with, some imported foods may pose potential risks to human health.
=> Imported foods = THESE PRODUCTS can be protected by chemicals and preserved with low-quality or unknown
origin materials, which may lead to some long-term diseases such as cancer or stomachache.
3. CHI TIẾT HOÁ: giải thích // định nghĩa từ cần paraphrase // đưa ví dụ cụ thể
+ It is common these days for people to have children later in life, compared to previous generations. lOMoAR cPSD| 40342981
=> Although having children later in life (NOT GIVING BIRTH // STARTING A FAMILY EARLY --- DELAYING STARTING
A FAMILY) could bring about certain problems, I think they are far outweighed by benefits for both babies and their parents.
+ To begin with, some imported foods may pose potential risks to human health.
=> Imported foods = Fruits and vegetables from other countries can be protected by chemicals and preserved with
low-quality or unknown origin materials, which may lead to some long-term diseases such as cancer or stomachache. HÔM NAY: Type 3 – Type 4
Fact X. Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
Fact X. Is this a positive or a negative development?
=> VẪN LẬP LUẬN BẰNG LỢI – HẠI
=> ÁP DỤNG 40-60 ĐƯỢC
CÁCH XỬ LÝ 1 ĐỀ BÀI:
0. ĐỌC ĐỀ => DẠNG GÌ? (ĐỂ TRẢ LỜI ĐÚNG CÂU HỎI + XÁC ĐỊNH X ĐỂ PARAPHRASE)
1. IDEAS: BRAINSTORM THEO FRAMEWORK 6 ĐỐI TƯỢNG
2. XÁC ĐỊNH QUAN ĐIỂM
3. HOÀN THIỆN CẤU TRÚC 40-60 INTRODUCTION: - Paraphrase: fact
- Thesis: chỉ cần 40-60
BODY 1: 2 CÁI HẠI => HẠ VIEW
BODY 2: 2 CÁI LỢI => NÂNG VIEW CONCLUSION:
- Tóm ý + Trả lời câu hỏi => chỉ cần viết câu 40-60
2. Type 3: Advantages & Disadvantages
Topic 1: As transport and accommodation problems are increasing in many large cities, some governments are
encouraging businesses to move to rural areas. Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages? (27/8/2022)
Ideas? => Individual => Family => Company => Society => Government => Environment + - lOMoAR cPSD| 40342981
+ increase job opportunities for residents in rural -
Rural areas: discharge more waste // release areas
more carbon emissions => contaminate water sources
+ improve urban residents’ health (less emissions // poorer air quality
from traffic + industrial activities) + workers living in -
Workers in cities have to commute for longer
rural areas can be close to their families instead of
periods of time => exhausted => poorer performance
moving far away => more quality time => strengthen -
less crowded => lower demand for goods relationships
and services => reduce sales + revenues + lower leasing costs - higher delivery costs
+ reduce unemployment rates in rural areas
=> Practice the intro + Topic sentence 1 + Supporting idea 1
3. Type 4: Negative or Positive
Topic 2: In many parts of the world, children are given more freedom than in the past. Is this a positive or
negative development?
0. ĐỌC ĐỀ => DẠNG GÌ? (ĐỂ TRẢ LỜI ĐÚNG CÂU HỎI + XÁC ĐỊNH X ĐỂ PARAPHRASE)
1. IDEAS: BRAINSTORM THEO FRAMEWORK 6 ĐỐI TƯỢNG
2. XÁC ĐỊNH QUAN ĐIỂM
3. HOÀN THIỆN CẤU TRÚC 40-60
Ideas? => Individual => Family => Company => Society => Government => Environment + -
+ foster independence from a young age => know -
be exposed to harmful content on the
how to take care of themselves (far away from
Internet - may develop bad behaviors parents)
+ have more freedom to pursue their interests => -
fewer conversations between parents and
identify their preferred majors – strengths and
children => reduce daily interaction => weaken family
weaknesses => can find a suitable job – a job that bonds
aligns with – matches their skills and interest +
children are not forced to follow their parents’ advice -
may face dangers such as kidnapping or
=> foster a strong parent-children relationship accidents INTRO: - Paraphrase: fact
- Thesis: I contend // think // believe that this is a positive development, because (40) – (60)
BODY 1: 2 CÁI HẠI (hạ view)
BODY 2 : 2 CÁI LỢI (nâng view)
In conclusion, tóm ý = 40 – 60. Based on the presented arguments, I contend // believe that X is
a positive trend // phenomenon // tendency // practice. lOMoAR cPSD| 40342981 Extra topics – Type 3:
Topic 1: As transport and accommodation problems are increasing in many large cities, some governments are
encouraging businesses to move to rural areas. Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages? (12/12/2021)
Topic 2: In many countries, people like to eat a wider variety of food than can be grown in their local area. As a result,
much of the food people eat today has to come from other regions. Do you think the advantages of this development
outweigh disadvantages. (13/4/2019)
Topic 3: In the past, people stored knowledge in books. Nowadays, people store knowledge on the Internet. Do the
advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages? (10/7/2021) Extra topics – Type 4:
Topic 1: Scientists say that in the future humanity will speak the same language. Do you think this is a positive or
negative social development? (20/4/2017)
Topic 2: Film stars and celebrities often share their views on public matters that have little to do with their profession.
Is this a positive or negative development? (15/10/2021)
Topic 3: Fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas) are the main sources in many countries. However, in some countries,
the use of alternative sources of energy (wind and solar energy) are encouraged. Do you think it is a positive or
negative development? (28/9/2020) lOMoAR cPSD| 40342981
IELTS 1984 Logical Framework Type 2-3-4 40/60 Approach Introduction
Sentence 1: Paraphrase opinion in the topic.
Sentence 2: Thesis statement: (40-60) X có một vài cái hại, nhưng cái lợi vượt trội hơn. Body 1
Topic sentence: X có một vài cái hại (40)
Supporting idea 1: Hại 1 + development
Supporting idea 2: Hại 2 + development Body 2
Topic sentence: Cái lợi của X vượt trội hơn (60)
Supporting idea 1: Lợi 1 + development
Supporting idea 2: Lợi 2 + development
Conclusion: Summarize 2 body paragraphs + Re-answer the question Sentence 1:
Tóm 2 body (40-60) → X xấu một chút nhưng tốt vượt trội hơn.
Sentence 2: Re-answer the question → Tuỳ câu hỏi: •
Type 2: Agree hay disagree với đề •
Type 3: Lợi của X có vượt trội hơn hại hay không (lưu ý: không cần nếu như bị lặp với câu trước) •
Type 4: Trả lời xu hướng X là negative hay positive
Example: Based on the aforementioned arguments, I contend that X is an overall positive/negative trend.
EXAMPLE: How to write the conclusion
Smoking is a major cause of serious illness and death throughout the world today. In the interest of public
health, governments should ban cigarettes and other tobacco products. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Opinions are divided on whether the government should impose a complete ban on tobacco products. I
believe that they should because although there may be some short-term advantages to smoking, they are far
outweighed by the long-term health problems.
In conclusion, although the nicotine found in tobacco products brings immediate but short-term relief for
people, the long-term consequences of smoking for the willing and unwilling participants are far too harmful. For the
aforementioned reasons, I contend that the authorities should place a ban on all tobacco products. lOMoAR cPSD| 40342981
People these days watch TV, films and other programmes alone rather than with other people. Do the
advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?
It is common these days for TV audiences to enjoy this pastime by themselves instead of with their friends
or family. Although this tendency could create certain problems, I believe they are far outweighed by the benefits of doing so.
In conclusion, even though the tendency of enjoying TV programs alone might involve certain problems, I
believe its benefits in terms of the flexibility in determining the time and what to watch are more significant. => bản
chất conclusion cho dạng này là viết câu...?
Advertisements are becoming more and more common in our everyday life. Is it a positive or negative development?
As advertising has become an integral part of our daily life, there has been a debate over whether its
popularity is beneficial or harmful. Although it may bring about certain negative impacts, these are far outweighed
by the benefits brought from this trend.
In conclusion, even though advertising may indeed bring certain inconveniences to its audience, the benefits
in terms of providing information and employment are more impactful and meaningful. Based on the aforementioned
arguments, I contend that the increasing prevalence of advertising is an overall positive trend.
Exercise 2: Viết và tập dùng linking devices / paraphrasing
1. Dời công ty từ thành phố về nông thôn sẽ mang lại nhiều lợi ích kinh tế cho doanh nghiệp. Việc này sẽ giúp công
ty giảm chi phí thuê mặt bằng, đồng thời, lao động ở nông thôn cũng rẻ hơn nên chi phí vận hành sẽ thấp hơn.
……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..………………………………….
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Collocations: (business) premises (n) / lease (v)
2. Người ta dự đoán là trong tương lai mọi người trên trái đất sẽ nói chung một ngôn ngữ. Việc này sẽ giúp mọi
người tiết kiệm thời gian học ngoại ngữ, và có thể dễ dàng tiếp cận nguồn kiến thức khổng lồ trên Internet. Ví dụ,
ở Việt Nam trẻ em thường tiêu tốn hàng chục năm trời và nhiều tiền bạc để học tiếng Anh, điều sẽ trở nên không
cần thiết nếu tiếng mẹ đẻ của chúng là ngôn ngữ chung của toàn thế giới.
……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..………………………………….
……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..………………………………….
……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..………………………………….
3. Ngày nay lao động nữ có xu hướng có con trễ hơn. Nhờ vậy, họ có nhiều thời gian để làm gì…?
……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..………………………………….
……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..……………..…………………………………. lOMoAR cPSD| 40342981
Collocations: share financial burden