Mon 35 Reading 5 - Lecture notes 1 - Tài liệu tham khảo | Đại học Hoa Sen

Câu h i 1 ỏ
The sons are composers and prize-winning musicians, while Dad makes the
instruments. Matthew Rye reports.
Whole families of musicians are not exactly rare. However, it is unusual to come
across one that includes not only writers and performers of music, but also an instrument maker.
When South Wales schoolteachers John and Hetty Watkins needed to get their ten-
year-old son, Paul, a cello to suit his blossoming talents, they baulked at the costs involved.
‘We had a look at various dealers and it was obvious it was going to be very expensive,’ John
says. ‘So I wondered if I could actually make one. I discovered that the Welsh School of
Instrument Making was not far from where I lived, and I went along for evening classes once
a week for about three years.’
‘After probably three or four goes with violins and violas, he had a crack at his first
cello,’ Paul, now 28, adds. ‘It turned out really well. He made me another one a bit later,
when he’d got the hang of it. And that’s the one I used right up until a few months ago.’ John
has since retired as a teacher to work as a full-time craftsman, and makes up to a dozen
violins a year – selling one to the esteemed American player Jaime Laredo was ‘the icing on the cake’.
Both Paul and his younger brother, Huw, were encouraged to play music from an
early age. The piano came first: ‘As soon as I was big enough to climb up and bang the keys,
that’s what I did,’ Paul remembers. But it wasn’t long before the cello beckoned. ‘My folks
were really quite keen for me to take up the violin, because Dad, who played the viola, used
to play chamber music with his mates and they needed another violin to make up a string
trio. I learned it for about six weeks but didn’t take to it. But I really took to the character
who played the cello in Dad’s group. I thought he was a very cool guy when I was six or
seven. So he said he’d give me some lessons, and that really started it all off. Later, they
suggested that my brother play the violin too, but he would have none of it.’
‘My parents were both supportive and relaxed,’ Huw says. ‘I don’t think I would have
responded very well to being pushed. And, rather than feeling threatened by Paul’s success, I
found that I had something to aspire to.’ Now 22, he is beginning to make his own mark as a pianist and composer.
Meanwhile, John Watkins’ cello has done his elder son proud. With it, Paul won the
string final of the BBC Young Musician of the Year competition. Then, at the remarkably
youthful age of 20, he was appointed principal cellist of the BBC Symphony Orchestra, a
position he held, still playing his father’s instrument, until last year. Now, however, he has
acquired a Francesco Rugeri cello, on loan from the Royal Academy of Music. ‘Dad’s not said
anything about me moving on, though recently he had the chance to run a bow across the
strings of each in turn and had to admit that my new one is quite nice! I think the only thing
Dad’s doesn’t have – and may acquire after about 50–100 years – is the power to project
right to the back of large concert halls. It will get richer with age, like my Rugeri, which is already 304 years old.’
Soon he will be seen on television playing the Rugeri as the soloist in Elgar’s Cello
Concerto, which forms the heart of the second programme in the new series, Masterworks.
‘The well-known performance history doesn’t affect the way I play the work,’ he says. ‘I’m
always going to do it my way.’ But Paul won’t be able to watch himself on television – the
same night he is playing at the Cheltenham Festival. Nor will Huw, whose String Quartet is
receiving its London premiere at the Wigmore Hall the same evening. John and Hetty will
have to be diplomatic – and energetic – if they are to keep track of all their sons’ musical
activities over the coming weeks.
Paul first became interested in playing the cello because ______. Ch n m ọ t câu tr ộ l ả i: ờ
a. he did not want to do what his parents wanted (S)
b. he wanted to play in his father’s group (S)
c. he admired someone his father played music with (chon)
d. he was not very good at playing the piano
What do we learn about Huw’s musical development? Ch n m ọ t câu tr ộ l ả i: ờ
a. It was slow because he lacked determination (S)
b. . He wanted it to be different from his brother’s (S)
c. His parents’ attitude has played little part in it
d. His brother’s achievements gave him an aim. (chon)
What do we learn in the third paragraph about the instruments John has made? Ch n m ọ t câu tr ộ l ả i: ờ
a. He considers the one used by Jaime Laredo to be the best.
b. He is particularly pleased about what happened to one of them. (chon)
c. His violins have turned out to be better than his cellos.
d. It took him longer to learn how to make cellos than violins. (S)
What does Paul say about his performance of Elgar’s Cello Concerto? Ch n m ọ t câu tr ộ l ả i: ờ
a. It is less traditional than other performances he has given.
b. He considers it to be one of his best performances.
c. Some viewers are likely to have a low opinion of it.
d. It is typical of his approach to everything he plays. Câu tr l ả i đúng ờ
What will require some effort from John and Hetty Watkins? Ch n m ọ t câu tr ộ l ả i: ờ
a. Advising their sons on what they should do next.
b. Being aware of everything their sons are involved in.
c. Preventing their sons from taking on too much work.
d. Reminding their sons what they have arranged to do.
Why did John Watkins decide to make a cello? Ch n m ọ t câu tr ộ l ả i: ờ
a. He was keen to do a course at the nearby school. (S)
b. He wanted to avoid having to pay for one. (chon)
c. He felt that dealers were giving him false information.
d. He wanted to encourage his son Paul to take up the instrument. (S)
What does the word “they” in the fourth paragraph refer to? Ch n m ọ t câu tr ộ l ả i: ờ a. Some lessons b. Dad and Dad’s mates. c. Weeks. d. Paul and Huw.
What does Paul say about the Rugeri cello? Ch n m ọ t câu tr ộ l ả i: ờ
a. He was not keen to tell his father that he was using it.
b. The cello his father made may become as good as it. (chon)
c. It has qualities that he had not expected. (S)
d. His father’s reaction to it worried him.
What is meant by ‘diplomatic’ in the last paragraph? Ch n m ọ t câu tr ộ l ả i: ờ a. tactful b. excellent c. confident d. capable
What is meant by ‘crack’ in the second paragraph? a. attempt (chon) b. period (S) c. shock d. plan Câu h i 2 ỏ
By the time a child is six or seven she has all the essential avoidances well enough by
heart to be trusted with the care of a younger child. And she also develops a number of
simple techniques. She learns to weave firm square balls from palm leaves, to make
pinwheels of palm leaves or frangipani blossoms, to climb a coconut tree by walking up the
trunk on flexible little feet, to break open a coconut with one firm well-directed blow of a
knife as long as she is tall, to play a number of group games and sing the songs which go
with them, to tidy the house by picking up the litter on the stony floor, to bring water from
the sea, to spread out the copra to dry and to help gather it in when rain threatens, to go to
a neighboring house and bring back a lighted faggot for the chief's pipe or the cook-house fire.
But in the case of the little girls all these tasks are merely supplementary to the
main business of baby-tending. Very small boys also have some care of the younger children,
but at eight or nine years of age they are usually relieved of it. Whatever rough edges have
not been smoothed off by this responsibility for younger children are worn off by their contact with older boys.
For little boys are admitted to interesting and important activities only so long as
their behavior is circumspect and helpful. Where small girls are brusquely pushed aside,
small boys will be patiently tolerated and they become adept at making themselves useful.
The four or five little boys who all wish to assist at the important, business of helping a
grown youth lasso reef eels, organize themselves into a highly efficient working team; one
boy holds the bait, another holds an extra lasso, others poke eagerly about in holes in the
reef looking for prey, while still another tucks the captured eels into his lavalava.
The small girls, burdened with heavy babies or the care of little staggerers who are
too small to adventure on the reef, discouraged by the hostility of the small boys and the
scorn of the older ones, have little opportunity for learning the more adventurous forms of
work and play. So while the little boys first undergo the chastening effects of baby-tending
and then have many opportunities to learn effective cooperation under the supervision of
older boys, the girls' education is less comprehensive. They have a high standard of
individual responsibility, but the community provides them with no lessons in cooperation with one another.
This is particularly apparent in the activities of young people: the boys organize
quickly; the girls waste hours in bickering, innocent of any technique for quick and efficient cooperation
Who do the girls or boys work in tean better, according to the passage? a. girls b. boys Câu tr l ả i đúng ờ
c. Both girls and boys does not work well.
d. Both girls and boys work well.
It can be inferred that the 'high standard of individual responsibility' is
a. weakened as the girl grows older. b. only present in girls
c. developed mainly through child-care duties
d. taught to the girl before she is entrusted with babies
The primary purpose of the passage with reference to the society under discussion is to…
a. show that young girls are trained to be useful to adults
b. give a comprehensive account of a day in the life of an average young girl
c. explain some differences in the upbringing of girls and boys
d. criticize the deficiencies in the education of girls
It can be inferred that in the community under discussion all of the following are important except… a. domestic handicrafts (S) b. fishing skills (S) c. formal education
d. well-defined social structure (S)
Which of the following is the best description of the author's technique in handling her material?
a. Both description and interpretation of observations.
b. Description of evidence to support a theory.
c. Generalization from a particular viewpoint.
d. Presentation of facts without comment.
What was boys’ attitude to girls when they worked in team to capture eels? a. They felt bored b. cheerful
c. They did not show anything. (S) d. Hostile (chon)
Which of the following if true would weaken the author's contention about 'lessons in cooperation' ?
I Group games played by younger girls involve cooperation
II Girls can learn from watching boys cooperating
III Individual girls cooperate with their mothers in looking after babies Ch n m ọ t câu tr ộ l ả i: ờ a. I only b. III only (S) c. I and II only (chon) d. II only (S)
The word 'brusquely' (line 9) most nearly means a. quickly (S) b. nonchalantly (chon) c. abruptly d. gently (S)
The expression 'innocent of' (in the last paragraph) is best taken to mean a. unsuited for b. uninvolved in c. unskilled in d. not guilty of
The list of techniques in paragraph one could best be described as…
a. rudimentary physical skills (S) b. household duties
c. important responsibilities (S)
d. useful social skills (chon) Câu h i 1 ỏ
The restaurant owner John Moore writes about his relationship with his son Gary, the famous TV chef.
I believe everyone's given a chance in life. My son, Gary, was given his chance with
cooking, and my chance was to run a restaurant. When l heard about the opportunity, I
rushed over to look at the place. It was in a really bad state. It was perfect for what I had in mind.
Coming into this business made me recall my childhood. l can remember my mother
going out to work in a factory and me being so upset because l was left alone. With that in
mind, I thought, 'We want time for family life.' My wife dedicated herself to looking after the
children and did all my accounts, while I ran the business. We lived over the restaurant in
those days, and we always put a lot of emphasis on having meals together. It's paid
dividends with our children, Gary and Joe. They're both very confident. Also, from a very
early age they would come down and talk to our regular customers. It's given both of them a great start in life.
Gary was quite a lively child when he was really small. We had a corner bath, and
when he was about seven he thought he'd jump into it like a swimming pool, and he
knocked himself out. When he was older he had to work for pocket money. He started off
doing odd jobs and by the age of about ten he was in the kitchen every weekend, so he
always had loads of money at school. He had discipline. He used to be up even before me in
the morning. If you run a family business, it's for the family, and it was nice to see him helping out.
Gary wasn't very academic, but he shone so much in the kitchen. By the age of 15 he
was as good as any of the men working there, and sometimes he was even left in charge. He
would produce over a hundred meals, and from then I knew he'd go into catering because
he had that flair. So when he came to me and said, 'Dad, I've got to do work experience as
part of my course at school,' I sent him to a friend of mine who's got a restaurant.
Gary recently took up playing the drums and now he has his own band. Goodness
knows what will happen to the cooking if the music takes off. My advice to Gary would be: if
you start chasing two hares, you end up catching neither, so chase the hare you know you're
going to catch. He understood when I said to him: 'Gary, if you're going to get anywhere in
life, you've got to do it by the age of 30. If you haven't done it by then, it's too late.
Gary went to catering college at the age of 17, and on his first day he and the other
new students - they're normally complete beginners - were given what's supposed to be a
morning's work. But within an hour Gary had chopped all his vegetables, sliced all his meats.
He'd prepared everything. That's my son for you! In the end, he was helping other people out.
None of us can believe how successful Gary's TV cookery series has become. I'm
extremely proud of him. I've always tried to tell him that if you want something, you've got
to work jolly hard for it, because no one gives you anything. He's seen the opportunity he's
been given and grabbed hold of it with both hands. You know, you talk to your children as
they grow up, and if they only take in ten per cent of what you've told them, you've got to
be happy with that. The things Gary says, the things he does, I think, well, he must have listened sometimes As a young boy, Gary… a. was motivated by money. b. was always in trouble.
c. showed how determined he could be. (chon)
d. demonstrated a variety of talents (S)
According to his father, what was typical about Gary’s behavior on his first day at college? a. He helped other people.
b. He impressed those in charge.
c. He performed the task efficiently.
d. He tried to make his father proud.
“…chase the hare you know you're going to catch.” in Paragraph 5 means a. do many things at one time. b. do everything you want. (S) c. do one thing at a time
d. do what you think you can do successfully. (chon) .
The word “shone” in Paragraph 4 means a. was clean b. was cheerful c. was helpful d. was very good
What does “done it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
a. Dachieved success (chon) b. lived your life (sai) c. caught a hare d. chosen a profession? (S)
How did the writer react to his own big chance?
a. He wondered if he should take it.
b. He worried about the problems.
c. He thought the family would suffer.
d. He saw what could be done.
How did the writer's childhood influence his own family life?
a. He made sure there was plenty of personal contact.
b. He asked his wife to stay at home.
c. He encouraged his children to talk to him.
d. He realised that the pattern was repeating itself.
How did the writer's childhood influence his own family life?
a. He encouraged his children to talk to him.
b. He made sure there was plenty of personal contact.
c. He asked his wife to stay at home.
d. He realised that the pattern was repeating itself.
What is Gary's father's attitude to Gary playing in a band?
a. concerned that music may interfere with his career . (chon)
b. pleased that he has a hobby he enjoys.
c. doubtful whether he will have time to improve his technique. (S)
d. interested in how he can introduce music into the restaurant.
How does his father regard Gary’s upbringing?
a. His encouragement has caused Gary’s success.
b. The family influence on Gary was too strong.
c. Gary has learnt some essential things.
d. Gary has forgotten important lessons.
What does the writer mean by 'paid dividends' in paragraph 2? a. was worth the suffering b. allowed money to be saved
c. produced benefits (chon)
d. brought financial reward (S)
I chose a small house on the edge of the city. It was an ideal place for me, because I wanted
fresh mountain air, space, privacy, a place where one could feel the presence of ancient gods
and the spirits of nature. The house was merely an empty shell, but I chose it because it was
on the sunny side of the valley, high enough to have a good view over the town, with
sufficient breeze to diminish the occasionally stupefying heat. It took me a good year to make the place inhabitable.
The first thing that I did was to dig out the well at the side of the house, which had caved in
on itself and was full of mud and rocks. I was helped in this by a Frenchman named Antoine,
a man of considerable culture who had chosen to live here because he was attached to the
people, with whom he had arrived in the original immigration. We repaired the walls and
the roof of the house, and painted the rooms completely white so that they became
suddenly clean, bright, and spacious.
Antoine and I managed, at some danger to ourselves, to install electricity by connecting up a
cable to the faltering system invented by a teacher. This man was Professor Luis, who had set
up a row of windmills to generate power; this was perfectly adequate for lighting, but was
somewhat feeble when high amperage was required, so that the electric cooker that I had
flown in by helicopter turned out to be more use as a storage cupboard.
It often happens when setting up a house that one finds quite suddenly that there is an
urgent need for some item overlooked during the last expedition. The track down from my
house was a deeply pitted one that served as a watercourse each time that it rained, and
although I have stabilised it since, it was to begin with only negotiable on foot or by mule, or
by Antoine's ancient three-wheeled tractor. This tractor had been half-buried in the mud of
the flood at Chiriguana, but Senor Vivo's father, who is in fact General Sosa, governor of
Cesar, had it dog out and brought in slung under a vast helicopter gunship, at his son's
request. It is commonly said in this country that General Sosa is the only member of the
military hierarchy who ever does anything useful.
There was, at the far end of the town, a tienda that sold goods brought in by mule-train from
Ipasueno, and so every few days I would find myself rattling and bumping my way to it on
Antoine's formidable old tractor. This shop was owned by a middle-aged couple who left the
running of it to their daughter, a girl of twenty or so years whose name was Ena, as I
discovered by overhearing the father asking of her the price of a bottle of Ron Cana.
Ena was small and strongly built; usually she wore a plain, faded blue dress, and her feet
were always bare. Sometimes I used to think that her head was very slightly too large for
her, but she had an appealing and serene face framed by her long black hair. She reminded
me forcibly of a Greek girl with whom I had once been in love, for she had the same smooth
and soft olive skin, and big brown eyes beneath eyebrows almost heavy enough to meet in
the middle. On her forearms were the traces of soft black downy hair, which to be frank, is
something that has always driven me crazy, and her fingers were slim and elegant.
The best thing about her, however, was her elfin spirit; she had an air of quiet amusement,
an innocent devilry, that gave her the aura of having existed from all eternity, and of being
able to see tbe funny side of everything. I perceived that she had a streak of mischief in her,
as was to be revealed when I discovered how it was that she had kept me for so long in ignorance
How did the writer find out what Ena's name was?
a. Antoine gave him the information
b. He heard a customer asking for her.
c. Her father told him when he asked. (S)
d. Someone mentioned her name.
Why was General Sosa unlike other military officers?
a. He was in charge of the area.
b. He had his own private helicopter.
c. He managed to get things done.
d. He liked helping his relatives.
What impression does the writer give of the electricity supply?
a. It only worked when it was windy. (sai)
b. It didn’t always work properly. (chon)
c. It was too dangerous to use.
d. It was a very reliable system.
What criticism of Ena does the writer make? a. She never wore shoes.
b. Her head seemed to be too big.
c. She wasn’t interested in clothes.
d. Her eyebrows were too thick.
What did the writer like best about Ena? a. her sense of humour b. her resemblance to someone
c. her innocent ignorance (sai)
d. her physical appearance (sai)
The writer uses the phrase ‘served as a watercourse’ (Paragraph 4) to show that the path
a. was sometimes flooded. (chon) b. needed to be repaired.
c. was difficult to walk on. (sai) d. had many deep holes. (sai)
What attitude does the writer have towards Ena?
a. The writer has an aggressive attitude towards her.
b. The writer has a negative attitude towards her.
c. The writer has a hostile attitude towards her.
d. The writer has a positive attitude towards her. (S) Ch n m ọ t câu tr ộ l ả i: ờ
a. The writer is not interested in the people around him.
b. The writer feels happy with the people he has met Câu tr l ả i đúng ờ
c. The writer would like to move to another place
d. The place where the writer lives isolates him from nature.
According to the writer, Antoine a. painted for a living b. had recently arrived. c. liked to keep to himself. d. was a foreigner.
What attracted the writer to the house? a. where it was located
b. the view it gave of the valley c. how big it was d. the condition it was in Câu h i 6 ỏ
It would be simple enough to follow him. Roger was a man of habits, and even when his
hours of work were irregular he would still take his mid-day meal, whenever he did take it, at
Percy’s. Miss Temple found an antique bookshop across the street where, as she was obliged
to purchase something for standing so long watching through its window, she is on impulse
selected a complete four-volume Illustrated Lives of Sea Martyrs. The books were detailed
enough for her to spend the time in the window, apparently examining the books, while
actually watching Roger first enter and then, after an hour, exit alone, from the heavy doors across the street.
He walked straight back to his office in the Ministry courtyard. Miss Temple arranged for her
purchase to be delivered to the Boniface, and walked back into the street, feeling like a fool.
She had re-crossed the square before she convinced herself that she was not so much a fool
as an inexperienced observer. It was pointless to watch from outside the restaurant because
only from inside could she have discovered whether or not Roger dined alone or with others,
or with which particular others - all imponant information.
She had a pretty good feeling that the crime she believed he had committed was not to
benefit his work, which meant she was likely to learn nothing from observing his working
day. It was after work that any real information would be gathered. Abruptly, she entered a
store whose windows were thick with all shapes of luggage, hampers, oilskins, lanterns.
telescopes, and a large assortment of walking sticks. She left wearing a ladies’ black
travelling cloak, with a deep hood and several well hidden pockets, opera glasses, a leather-
bound notebook and an all-weather pencil. Miss Temple then took her tea.
Between cups of tea and two cakes, she made entries in the notebook, summarising her
plan and then describing the day’s work so far. That she now had a kind of uniform and a set
of tools made everything that much easier and much less about her particular feelings, for
tasks requiring clothes and supporting equipment seemed somehow more objective, even
scientific, in nature. In keeping with this, she made a point to write her entries in a kind of
code. replacing proper names and places with synonyms or word-play that hopefully would
not be understood by anyone but herself.
Miss Temple left the tea shop at four o'clock, knowing Roger to leave usually at five, and
hired a carriage. She instructed her driver in a low, direct tone of voice, after assuring him he
would be well paid for his time, that they would be following a gentleman, most likely in
another carriage, and that she would knock on the roof of the coach to indicate the man
when he appeared. The driver nodded, but said nothing else. She took his silence to mean
that this was a usual enough thing, and felt all the more sure of herself. When Roger
appeared, some forty minutes later, she nearly missed him, amusing herself for the moment
by peering through the opera glasses into nearby open windows, but a sudden feeling
caused her to glance back at the courtyard gates just in time to see Roger, standing in the
road with an air of confidence and purpose that took her breath away, flag down a coach of
his own. Miss Temple knocked sharply on the roof of the coach. and they were off.
The thrill of the chase, complicated by the nervousness of seeing Roger, was quietly lost
when, after the first few turns. it became obvious that Roger’s destination was nowhere
more interesting than his own home.
What mistake did Miss Temple soon realise she had made?
a. She should have followed Roger back to the Ministry when she had had the chance(sai)
b. She had waited for Roger in the wrong place
c. She needn’t bave made a purchase at the bookshop
d. She had re-crossed the square at the wrong place
Miss Temple’s excitement at following Roger
a. increased each time she caught sight of him.
b. turned into boredom after a while.
c. disappeared when she realised where he was going. (chon)
d. ended when her carriage started following him (S)
Miss Temple decided to follow Roger after work because
a. she believed that was the time she could find out what she wanted to know.
b. she had other, more important things to do during the working day.
c. she didn’t want to risk him seeing her outside his office.
d. she couldn’t see what he was doing inside his office.
How did Miss Temple’s purchases make her feel about what she was doing?
a. less personally involved (chon) b. more determined (S) c. less confused (S) d. better prepared
Miss Temple bought a book at the bookshop because
a. she wanted a way to pass the time.
b. she suddenly felt like buying something.
c. she needed an excuse to stay there.
d. she was forced to by the shop owner.
Miss Temple thought it would be easy to follow Roger because
a. his work schedule never changed. (Sai)
b. she already knew the schedule of his working day. (chon)
c. he always took a break at the same time. (sai)
d. he always ate lunch at a particular location.
The word ‘this’ in paragraph 5 refers to
a. being asked to follow someone.
b. banging on the hood of the carriage. (chon)
c. paying drivers well for their time. (sai)
d. the driver’s silence. (Sai)
When Roger left his office at about five o’clock, Miss Temple
a. watched him through her new opera glasses. (chon)
b. pretended to be looking into an open window. (sai)
c. saw him just before he got into a carriage.
d. had a sudden feeling of breathlessness. (S)
Which of the conclusions can be drawn from this extract?
a. Miss Temple is sure that she will find out the truth.
b. Miss Temple is not patient enough to follow Roger.
c. Miss Temple has a detailed plan to follow Roger Câu tr l ả i đúng ờ
d. Miss Temple has an impractical plan to follow Roger.
What attitude does the writer have towards Roger?
a. The writer has a hostile attitude towards him.
b. The writer has a negative attitude towards him .
c. The writer has a normal attitude towards him.
d. The writer has a critical attitude towards him