Guidance for online study
Developed by: Dr. Tran Thanh Tu (International University – VNM HCMC)
Title: e138b506ea5f04d1c917dc07ea02b9f8.docx SUBMISSION FORM
DATE: Tuesday, May 4, 2021 I. Content: 1. Name: Personal Attack
Example: A senator claims that his new tax plan will help the middle class. His
opponent says that the rich senator doesn't care about the middle class. 2. Name: Attacking the Motive
Example: - Ms. Rose - Unfortunately, some of our city's restaurants deliberately
don’t refrigerate food at a proper temperature, and they do this simply because they want to save money. 
Ms. Naive - That's simply not true. The only reason Ms. Rose is saying this is to scare you. 
Ms. Rose - Even if that's true, would that make my statement false? 3. Name: Look Who's Talking
Example: - Ms. Rose - I just think you shouldn’t have gone deer hunting. 
Ms. Naive - I don't see what's so wrong with it. I mean, you even used to be an avid hunter.
4. Name: Two Wrongs Make A Right
Example: Marie made fun of Sarah's shoes yesterday. Today, Sarah makes fun of
Marie's haircut and tells her teacher that it should be okay because of what Marie did yesterday. 5. Name: Scare Tactics 1
Note: File name: Change # into the group’s number Guidance for online study
Developed by: Dr. Tran Thanh Tu (International University – VNM HCMC)
Title: e138b506ea5f04d1c917dc07ea02b9f8.docx
Example: Child to playmate: Admit it! Admit that Scooby-Doo is a better cartoon
show than Pokémon! If you don’t, my big brother is going to beat you up! 6. Name: Appeal to Pity
Example: "A student missed taking a term test and pleads with her professor to
be allowed to take a makeup exam. Her excuse is that if she doesn't get a
makeup exam, she will not get an A in the course, and therefore she will not be
able to get into law school, and it will all be the professor's fault. She cries and
pleads that this failure will ruin her life, and those of her two young children, who
both have Crohn's disease." (Walton, Fundamentals of Critical Argumentation, p. 291.) 7. Name: Bandwagon Argument
Example: All my friends are doing a low carb diet. That must be the only way to lose weight. 8. Name: Straw Man
Example: Mr. Martin claims that boys tend to be better at math than girls. What a
ridiculous overgeneralization! My friend Alison is the best math student in her
class. So, it’s clear that boys are not always better at math than girls. 9. Name: Red Herring Example:
Son: “ Wow, Dad, it ‘s really hard to make a living on my salary.”
Father: “Consider yourself lucky, son. Why, when I was your age, I only made $40 a week.” 2
Note: File name: Change # into the group’s number Guidance for online study
Developed by: Dr. Tran Thanh Tu (International University – VNM HCMC)
Title: e138b506ea5f04d1c917dc07ea02b9f8.docx 10. Name: Equivocation
Example: I have the right to watch ”The Real World”. Therefore it’s right for me to
watch the show. So, I think I’ll watch this “Real World” marathon tonight instead of studying for my exam. 11. Name: Begging the Question Example:
Erica: “How do you know that the bible is divinely inspired?
Pedro: “ Because is says right in the third chapter of II Timothy that ‘all scripture
is given by divine inspiration of God”
12. Name: Inappropriate Appeal to Authority
Example: My mom searched on Wikipedia and saw that eggs are not good for
health. She seldom has eggs in our family meals. 13. Name: Appeal to Ignorance
Example: People usually say that Dalat city has a lot of ghost and creepy things.
No one has proved that it doesn’t. 14. Name: False Alternative
Example: In the election to choose the leader for my critical team, Nguyen said:
Trang, you can vote for Nhi or Son but i know you don’t like Son so you must vote for Nhi.” 15. Name: Loaded Question Example:  Do you love me?  No. 3
Note: File name: Change # into the group’s number Guidance for online study
Developed by: Dr. Tran Thanh Tu (International University – VNM HCMC)
Title: e138b506ea5f04d1c917dc07ea02b9f8.docx  So you hate me, don’t you?  No, I don’t mean that. 16. Name: Questionable Cause
Example: It rains, dragonflies fly lowly then dragonflies fly lowly, it will definitely rain.
17. Name: Hasty Generalizations
Example: Vietnamese students are extremely good at math. Therefore,
Vietnamese are more intelligent than other peoples. 18. Name: Slippery Rope
Example: If you don’t help me with this exam, I will fail it and my mom will kill me. 19. Name: Weak Analogy
Example: Dogs also have four legs. Cats also have four legs. Therefore, cats should bark like dog. 20. Name: Inconsistency
Example: I am a feminist. I think a woman should stay at home and obey what husband tells her. 2. Reference: Ppt file: • “ Lecture5,6 ” 4
Note: File name: Change # into the group’s number