Tài liệu tiếng anh cơ bản 2: Unit 1- Unit 4 | Học viện tài chính

lOMoAR cPSD| 48632119 UNIT 1: ACTIVITIES VOCAB
Qualify for sth/ to do sth: to have the legal right to have or do something
because of the situation you are in, or to cause someone to have such a right:
She doesn't qualify for maternity leave because she hasn't been in
her job long enough. Payroll taxes –
Unemployment benefits – Job allowance
To qualify for the competition you need to be over 18.
Being a single parent qualifies you for extra benefits.
[ + obj + to infinitive ] figurative
He thinks the fact that he's worked here longer than the rest of us qualifies
him (= gives him the right) to tell us all what to do.
Work: the job that someone does, usually to earn money:
full-time/part-time work Many pensioners will have to consider
parttime work to supplement their retirement plans. A full-time/part-
time job find/get/look for/ seek work = find/get/look for/ seek + a job/ jobs/ employment
The government's initiative helps the unemployed find work.
He's been out of work for six months now.
permanent/regular/temporary work
paid/unpaid/voluntary work badly
paid/well-paid work give up/go back to/return to work lines of
industries/ industries/ industry sectors lOMoAR cPSD| 48632119 - Education - Aviation - Accounting - Auditing - Insurance - Hotels &Tourism - Banking - Taxation a civil engineer - a
mechanical/structural engineer a software engineer - or Auditor, actor,
- er Teacher, producer, manufacturer, worker, farmer,
banker, tax officer/ tax official, ist Artist, economist, , ant
Accountant, servant, applicant, assistant, consultant, … ian Musician, technician HOMEWORK:
Responsibilities of an accountant, an auditor, a computer technician,
software developers, banker, tax officers
Buyer – người mua vs. seller
Shopkeeper - a person who owns and manages a small shop Shop owner
Shop assistant - someone who serves customers in a shop
Sales representative - someone whose job is to sell a company's
products or services, especially by visiting or phoning customers:
Be responsible for vs. Be in charge of lOMoAR cPSD| 48632119
? in charge of Who will be in charge of the department when Sophie leaves
We need to bring in an expert to deal with this problem. Bring in
Meaning: đưa vào, đem vào; đem lại
Ex: You are not allowed to bring mobile phones in the exam room. –
Các em không được phép mang điện thoại di động vào phòng thi.
Expert (n) a person with a high level of knowledge or skill relating to a
particular subject or activity: a gardening/medical expert expert at My
mother is an expert at dress-making (= she does it very well).
Sale (n) an act of exchanging something for money:
- The sale of cigarettes/alcohol is forbidden.
- The building company gets commission on each house sale. -
They'll drop the price rather than lose the sale.
Sales (n) the department of a company that organizes and does the
selling of the company's products or services: - He works in Sales.
- the sales department/manager sales (n) – doanh số bán, doanh thu = turnover (n)
- The business has an annual turnover of £50,000.
Thanks to her Japanese computer system and email, Lynn and her
partners can work across border and time zones.
Computer system and email can help Lynn and her team to work with
their partners in different countries.
Banker (n) - someone with an important position in a bank – lãnh đạo ở ngân hàng lOMoAR cPSD| 48632119
Bank teller - a person whose job is to pay out and take in money in a bank = bank assistant/ bank clerk (cashier)
“Founder” means/ refers to Feel Smell / taste / look + adj / Smell + the soup
Have a bath / have breakfast/ lunch/ dinner => hành động Look at = consider/ watch Look for Listen to # hear Have + sth Các động từ:
Look, taste, smell + adj => tình thái
Smell + sth => hành động
Feel + adj/ (that)+ mệnh đề
Hear – nghe thấy # listen to – lắng nghe PRACTICE
1. Manufacturers and retailers are responding to growing ………….. demand. A. consumer B. supplier C. producer D. provider
2. It's much cheaper to buy wholesale than ……………... A. bulk B. large quantity C. goods D. retail
the cost of transporting large quantities of goods by ship, train, truck, or plane: lOMoAR cPSD| 48632119
Charterers are hoping for a further drop in bulk freight rates.
3. Almost half of the participants gained ……N…….. after completing the training program. A. employ B. employment C. employer D. employee
4. These attractions provide employment ……….. local people and create business for local shops and cafes. A. with B. for C. by D. through
5. …………….. people does your company employ? A. How long B. How much C. How many D. How Employ – thuê vs recruit
6. He ……………. for a company that manufactures car parts. A. works B. is working C. work D. are working
7. The manufacturers had to withdraw the product ………… a design fault. A. because B. as C. since D. because of
8. OPEC is expected to agree to an increase in ……N……….. A. produce B. product C. production D. producer
The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) was founded in Baghdad,
Iraq, with the signing of an agreement in September 1960 by five countries namely Islamic
Republic of Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela. They were to become the
Founder Members of the Organization.
Increase + sth = raise + sth – làm tăng
Sth + increase = sth + rise – tăng lên
An increase/ a rise + in + sth
9. Our company believes it is the best………..to handle the account. A. organize B. organization C. organizational D. organizing
10. The department heads frequently ………….with the overseas marketing team.
A. to meet B. will meet C. meet D. meeting Overseas vs foreign
Overseas students – du học sinh/ sv du học
Foreign students – sv người nước ngoài Go / work + overseas lOMoAR cPSD| 48632119
11. With prices ……V-ing…… at such rapid rate, buyers should compare prices.
With prices which increase at such rapid rate A. ascending
B. increasing C. enlarging D. expanding
Expand (v) to increase in size, number, or importance, or to make
something increase in this way:
expand into sth These companies need to expand into new markets because they
have reached market saturation at home.
expand rapidly/greatly/significantly
expand the range/scope/capacity
Supermarkets continue to expand the range of products
and services offered in their outlets.
saturate the market to provide more of a product or service than people want to buy:
Mortgage lenders have recognised that they
saturated the market five years ago.
12. The project was divided into………….parts. A. like B. same C. equal D. even
I bought some new shoes which are very similar to a pair I had before.
Paul is very similar in appearance to his brother.
exactly the same She was wearing exactly the same dress as I was. the
same something as someone/something Hilary's the same age as me.
the same way She brought up her children in just (= exactly) the same way her mother did.
We resurfaced the floor because it wasn't even.
13. We do almost all our corresponding…………..email. A. in B. by C. on D. with
14. The Sales department holds a meeting ………… A. usually B. already C. weekly D. always
15. We found it difficult …………….with Gamma. A. to work B. work C. working D. worked
Be + adj + (for sbd) + to do sth – lOMoAR cPSD| 48632119 Find + sth + adj + to do sth
16. Can you email Ramon’s …………………..for his visit next week? A. travel B. diary C. itinerary D. arrival
itinerary - detailed plan or route of a journey: lịch
- The tour operator will arrange transport and plan your itinerary.
- Hundreds gathered to await the boxer's arrival at the airport.
- On arrival at the police station, they were taken to an interview room. - We
regret the late arrival of Flight 237.
17. I am writing to you in response to your advertisement
requestingapplicants ...................position of technician. A. About B. with C. of D. for
Apply for + a course/ a loan/ a job
18. We …………… a deal with our supplier. He gave us a 15% discount. A. made B. run C. did D. discussed
I'll make/do a deal with you - you wash the car and I'll let you use it tonight.
19. There are some………….in my new job, for example a good pension and healthcare. A. interests B. perks C. prizes D. pay
perk (n) an advantage or extra thing, such as money or goods, which
you are given for doing your job:
The best perk is a gorgeous, palatial office inside London's most
desirable office building.
The travelling is definitely a perk of the job for me.
20. How should the company ………V……….its products or services? A. find B. see C. market D. explain
21. Their employees agree that 65% of staff don’t want to have a
desk …………….theirboss. A. Near B. on C. between D. under
22. Lemtec sells computer games. It is a/an ………………company. A. retail B. manufacturing C. services D. industry
23. People are better than computers …………..difficult jobs like helping an ill person ordesigning a new aircraft. lOMoAR cPSD| 48632119 A. on B. in C. at D. with
24. Information Technology helps companies to organize work in a more………………way. A. flexibly B. flexibility C. flexibleness D. flexible
25. ……..is your company based? A. When B. How C. What D. Where lOMoAR cPSD| 48632119 UNIT 3
https://www.google.com/search?q=expressions%20of
%20politeness#fpstate=ive&vld=cid:5e95b1f5,vid:6kCTDhW9rqQ,st:0
https://www.businessenglishresources.com/polite-expressions/ READING 1
Examples for bad manners at work are:
- Arriving late for meetings - Ignoring emails
- Ignoring colleagues - Using bad language
- Answering phone calls during meetings
- Forgetting to introduce people at meetings Forget to do Forget + doing sth
- He forgot borrowing me some money. Pressure
It is a bad manner because answering phone calls during meetings
distracts others and means that you look down on others.
- Avoiding bad manners at work helps to improve working
environment and relationships at work.
Help to do sth Enable sbd to do sth etiquette (n) the set of rules or
customs that control accepted behaviour in particular social groups or social situations:
- Social etiquette dictates that men cannot sit while women are standing. lOMoAR cPSD| 48632119
- Diplomatic etiquette forbids calling for the death of a national leader.
Netiquette - the set of rules about behaviour that is acceptable on the internet:
- It's considered bad netiquette to use capital letters in an email
because it looks like YOU ARE SHOUTING. Contact (n) Be in contact with sbd
- "Have you been in contact with Andrew recently?" "Only by phone."
- I'm still in contact with her - we write a couple of times a year.
- There isn't enough contact between teachers and parents.
- I've been busy at home and have hardly had any contact with the outside world.
- I'd hate to lose contact with my college friends. - She finally made
contact with him in Italy.
Contact (v) to contact + sbd - to communicate with someone by calling
or sending them a letter, email, etc.:
- I tried to contact him at his office, but he wasn't in.
- You can contact me on (US also at) (= speak to me using the phone) 388 9146.
- Unless the money is paid, we will be contacting our legal department.
be/get/keep in contact with sb
- We have been in contact with similar organizations in several countries.
establish/make contact with sb lOMoAR cPSD| 48632119
- Experience has taught me the best way to make a good first
impression is to make contact with as many people in the organization as you can. contact between sb (and sb)
- The first contact between contracting parties will normally be the
sending out of a price list or catalogue.
contact details/information/number
- The HR department keeps the contact details of all members of staff.
in close/direct/regular contact with sb
- 44% of his working time is spent in direct contact with clients.
Improve (v) - to get better (Sth + improve) gradually/greatly/vastly improve
- Conditions for foreign investors are also gradually improving. FDI
– foreign direct investment improve
considerably/dramatically/significantly to make something better:
- We're working hard to improve the situation.
to improve performance/profitability/service
improve efficiency/quality/productivity
improve living standard/ knowledge/
respect (n) ir- / il-/ mis-/ non-
hierarchy (n) a system in which people or things are arranged according to their importance: social hierarchy lOMoAR cPSD| 48632119
- Some monkeys have a very complex social hierarchy. political hierarchy
- He rose quickly through the political hierarchy to become party leader.
Respect (n) admiration felt or shown for someone or something that you
believe has good ideas or qualities:
- I have great/ the greatest respect for his ideas, although I don't agree with them.
- She is a formidable figure who commands a great deal of respect
(= who is greatly admired by others).
- New teachers have to earn/gain the respect of their students.
Feeling/ feelings – sensation – emotion
- This passage doesn't make (any) sense (= the meaning is not clear).
- I've read the letter twice, but I can't make (any) sense of it (= I can't understand it).
Sense (n) the characteristic of having good judgment, especially when it
is based on practical ideas or understanding:
[ + to infinitive ] I hope they'll have the (good) sense/have enough sense
to shut the windows before they leave.
It makes (good) sense to buy a big pack because it works out cheaper in the end.
[ + -ing verb ] There's no sense in waiting (= it is not practical to wait) -
the next train isn't for two hours.
Where's/What's the sense (= what is the advantage) in paying someone
when you could get a volunteer? lOMoAR cPSD| 48632119
Planning so far ahead makes no sense - so many things will have changed by next year. Hear Be willing to do sth –
Managers’ showing respect for workers encourages them to work harder,
leading to more efficiency and more co-operation.
- The individual's needs are subordinate to those of the group. Be polite to sbd -
I'm afraid I wasn't very polite to her.
She sent me a polite letter thanking me for my invitation.
He was too polite to point out my mistake.
Casual clothes are not formal or not suitable for special occasions:
- He was dressed in casual clothes - sneakers, blue jeans, and a tshirt. Be + in a hurry Business suits, Pub Smart (adj)
Phân biệt: uses of adj & adv Uses of adj
- Adj + Nouns (social etiquette, organizational hierarchy, …) - V (state verbs) + adj
(nhóm các động từ đi với tính từ: Be/ get/ grow/turn + adj Stay/stand/ keep/ remain
- Prices of gold still remain high these days. lOMoAR cPSD| 48632119
Feel/ look/ taste/ smell/ … + adj Seem/ appear
Make + sth/ sbd + adj/ make sbd do sth
Học sinh nói chuyện trong lớp học thường làm giáo viên cáu giận
Students’ talking during class hours often make the teachers (get) angry. Uses of adv - V (action) + adv
- Adv + adj/ adv/ PII Ví dụ:
- They couldn’t sell their new range of products because they were badly designed.
- They had a relatively good year.
- Punctuality is very important in all cultures.
Sth + V + adv There + be + a(an) + Adj + N + in + sth
The economy of Vietnam has recovered strongly since the Covid 19.
There has been a strong recovery in the economy of Vietnam since the Covid 19. Verb Noun Verb noun increase decrease rise reduce boom fall rocket drop recover collapse develop grow
Below are some common polite expressions we use in the workplace.
These polite expressions will help non-native speakers sound more
polite and diplomatic. Saying No lOMoAR cPSD| 48632119
Declining an invitation:
- That sounds great, but…
- I’m sorry, but I really can’t. I have to…
- I really appreciate the invite, but…
In English, we don’t typically decline invitations without giving a reason
(either real or made up). Simply saying “no” or “no thanks” would be
too direct and might be perceived as rude. Informing someone you can’t provide assistance:
- I’d love to help, but right now I’m really busy with…
- I wish I could, but right now I need to focus on…
- Normally I’d be able to, but right now I have to…
Một số doanh nghiệp tổ chức các khóa đào tạo nhằm cải thiện hành vi ứng xử của nhân viên.
Some companies have training courses to improve good/ proper etiquette of their employees.
Avoiding bad manners at work ….. helps to improve working
environment and relationships among staff in the same office.
Manner (n) the usual way in which you behave towards other people, or
the way you behave on a particular occasion:
She has a somewhat cold, unfriendly manner.
As soon as he realized that we weren't going to buy anything, his whole manner changed.
Mannered (adj) - used to describe a person with the
behaviour or character of the stated type:
a bad-mannered boy
He was a mild-mannered (= gentle and calm) young man.
I noticed how well-mannered her children were. lOMoAR cPSD| 48632119
Safety regulations are being ignored by company managers in the drive to increase profits.
How can the government ignore the wishes of the majority?
Pressure (n) the act of trying to make someone else do something by
arguing, persuading, etc.:
Teachers are under increasing pressure to work longer hours.
[ + to infinitive ] Pressure to abandon the new motorway is increasing.
The government is facing pressure from environmental activists.
The Defence Secretary resigned under pressure from the Prime Minister
(= because the Prime Minister forced him to).
She's putting pressure on him (= trying to persuade him) to get married.
Distract (v) to make someone stop giving their attention to something:
- Don't distract her (from her studies).
- He tried to distract attention from his own illegal activities.
Courtesy (n) polite behaviour, or a polite action or remark:
- You might get along better with your parents if you showed them some courtesy.
- [ + to infinitive ] He could at least have had the courtesy to say sorry.
- The president welcomed her visitors with the usual courtesies. un
Unsatisfied, unpractical, unfriendly, in im Impractical dis Dissatisfied, disrespectful ir Irregular, irrelevant, il Illegal, illogical lOMoAR cPSD| 48632119 non
Non-fiction, non-governmental, non-price (sectors), noneconomic (factors)
Impractical people are not naturally good at doing useful jobs such as making or repairing things.
Impractical arrangements, ideas, or methods cannot be done or used easily or effectively:
Meaning of unpractical in English unpractical adjective
UK/ˌʌ ˈn præk.t .kəl/ US/ɪˌʌ ˈn præk.t .kəl/ɪ Add to word list
Unpractical arrangements, ideas, or methods cannot be done or used easily or effectively:
Unpractical clothes, devices, etc. cause problems when used in normal situations:
It's impractical to have so many people all trying to use this equipment at the same time. - a satisfied customer
- Many of the listeners surveyed said that they were not satisfied
with the station's programmes.
- I didn't feel quite satisfied after my meal.
- Her teachers seem satisfied with her progress. Satisfactory (adj) –
- The teachers seem to think his work is satisfactory. lOMoAR cPSD| 48632119
- We hope very much to find a satisfactory solution to the problem.
- The outcome of the discussion was highly satisfactory (= very pleasing).
Inefficient (adj) using resources such as time, materials, or labour in a
way that wastes them: kém hiệu quả
- There are too many big, inefficient companies in almost every part
of the economy. extremely/highly/increasingly inefficient
Unsatisfactory (adj) satisfactory (adj) vs satisfied (adj)
- I am satisfied with my job. = I have a satisfactory job.
- Are you satisfied with the new arrangement?
good or good enough for a particular need or purpose:
The teachers seem to think his work is satisfactory.
We hope very much to find a satisfactory solution to the problem.
The outcome of the discussion was highly satisfactory (= very pleasing).
Unpractical arrangements, ideas, or methods cannot be done or used easily or effectively:
When large numbers of samples are needed, this method is expensive and unpractical.
He made lots of wildly unpractical suggestions. Inappropriate (adj) unsuitable: inappropriate for
- His casual behavior was wholly inappropriate for such a formal occasion.
inappropriate (for someone) to do something
- I think it would be inappropriate (for you) to invite her to a party
so soon after her husband's death. lOMoAR cPSD| 48632119
Inconsiderate (adj) not thinking or worrying about other people or their feelings: = selfish
- Our neighbours are very inconsiderate - they're always playing
loud music late at night.
Invest (v) + sth + in + sth/ doing sth
= spend + time + doing sth / spend + money + on sth/ doing sth Investment / investor/
It is important to spend time making and improving relationships with
others at work. Introduce sbd to sbd –
Ask (sbd) for sth/ ask sbd to do sth
Admit + sth/ admit doing sth > < deny + sth/ doing sth
- It can be difficult to admit mistakes in front of colleagues who may
be competitors for the next promotion. admit to sth
- Three suspects admitted to the fraud scheme during a series of
interviews with federal agents. admit (that)
- British Airways admitted last week that the credit market downturn
was affecting business travel. admit doing sth
In court, she admitted receiving almost $1 million as "consulting fees". admit guilt/failure/defeat
The company received a discount on its fine because it admitted its guilt.
Accept sth/ to do sth = agree to do sth > < refuse sth/ to do sth lOMoAR cPSD| 48632119 REVISION Exercise 1
Assist (v) to help somebody or help with something: assist (sb) with sth
- The coordinator will assist the director with all aspects of eventplanning.
assist (sb) in doing sth = help sbd (to) do sth
- The prospectus provides detailed information that will assist
investors in making = help investors to make informed decisions.
- The accused denies the charge of assisting an offender.
- Investment in transport will assist growth in the economy.
- The fees will assist in paying off the 260m pounds debt accrued.
financial assistance The company needs more financial assistance from the
government. give assistance The tow truck driver gave assistance to the
stranded motorist. be of assistance Can I be of any assistance (= can I help), madam?
A £1 billion investment would be of considerable assistance to the local economy.
Teachers can't give pupils any assistance in exams. Help sbd – giúp đỡ ai
- I wonder if you could help me - I'd like some information about
flights to New Zealand. help with
- My dad said he would help with the costs of (= give part of the
cost of) buying a house. [ + obj + (to) infinitive ]