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P1: WORD FORMATION

1. Administrative staff may be _______ through increased automation and efficiency. (SKILL)

deskilled: to reduce the amount of skill that is needed to do a particular job

2. The changes are _______, and will not produce a noticeable effect for 15 to 20 years.

(INSIDE)

insidious: ẩn khuất bên trong

3. _______ students could understand easily what the teacher explained to them. (BRAIN)

brainy: thông minh

4. Once a person has attained _______ status in the eyes of the world, it is very hard to break it.

(TYPE)

archetypal: nguyên mẫu, không thay đổi

5. Fatigue and boredom combine to cause _______ - one of the biggest reasons people quit.

(BURN)

burnout: tình trạng kiệt sức

6. After the recent scandal, he faces a(n) _______ struggle to win back public support before the

next election. (HILL)

uphill: khó khăn

7. The figure of total group _______ exactly balances out with the total income. (GO)

outgoings: chi tiêu

8. His book is about Shakespeare's style without getting too involved in the _______ of

Shakespeare's language. (MINUTE)

minutiae: chi tiết (số nhiều)

9. The religious conservatives are not _______ of the West and its values. (AMOUR)

enamoured: yêu thích

10. It is said that one woman in five is a(n) _______. Today, pressure usually pushes millions of

women to buy beyond their means as an outlet for their frustration. (SHOP)

shopaholic: người nghiện mua sắm

11. A conservation focus on preserving ecosystems not only saves large numbers of species

(including ___________(CHARISMA) species that do not receive public support) but also

preserves the support systems that maintain life.

non-charismatic: thiếu sức hút

12. The one thing that can be said in favour is that it sends vegans and animal rights activists

___________ (CANDLE) with rage.

incandescent with rage: đầy giận dữ

13. Jargon is a loaded word. One dictionary defined it, neatly and neutrally, as ‘the technical

vocabulary or idiom of a special activity or group’, but this sense is almost completely

overshadowed by another: ‘obscure and often ___________ (PRETEND) language marked by a

___________ (ROUND) way of expression and use of long words’. It is an essential part of the

network of occupations and pursuits that make up society. It is also the chief linguistic element

which shows professional awareness (‘know-how’) and social ___________ (TOGETHER)

(‘shoptalk’).

If jargon is so essential a part of our lives, why then has it had such a bad press? The most

important reason stems from the way jargon can exclude as well as include. We may not be too

concerned if we find ourselves faced with a(n) ___________ (PENETRATE) wall of jargon

when the subject matter has little perceived relevance to our everyday lives, as in the case of

___________ (HYDRO), say, or linguistics. But when the subject matter is one where we feel

implicated, and think we have a right to know, and the speaker uses words which make it hard

for us to understand, then we start to complain; and if we suspect that the obfuscation is

deliberate policy, we ___________ (RESERVE) condemn, labelling it gobbledegook and

calling down public derision upon it.

No area is exempt, but the fields of advertising, politics and defence have been especially

criticized in recent years by the various campaigns for Plain English. In these domains, the extent

to which people are prepared to use jargon to hide realities is a ready source of amusement,

disbelief and horror. A lie is a lie, which can be only temporarily hidden by calling it an

‘___________ (OPERATE) statement’ or ‘an instance of plausible ___________ (DENY)’. Nor

can a nuclear plant explosion be suppressed for long behind such phrases as ‘energetic

___________ (ASSEMBLE) ’, ‘abnormal evolution’ or ‘plant ___________ (TRANSIT) ’.

pretentious – roundabout – togetherness – impenetrable – hydrology – unreservedly – inoperative

- undeniability – disassembly – transient

14. The manifesto is long-winded, ___________ and often ambiguous or poorly drafted.

(REPEAT)

repetitious: involving something that is often repeated, in a way that becomes boring.

15. He mistrusted ravishment by charm, spiritual appeal, force, wit or other ___________.

(BLAND)

blandishments: lời a dua, nịnh hót

16. Apart from a few fanatics, there was a general ___________ to apply the laws directed

against them. (INCLINE)

disinclination: sự không mong muốn

17. Tests at the age of seven provide a ___________ against which the child's progress at school

can be measured. (MARK)

benchmark: tiêu chuẩn để đánh giá, so sánh

18. They were an average family living a boring life in a(n) ___________ little house in the

suburbs. (DESCRIBE)

nondescript: bình thường, không có gì nổi bật.

19. She has written a(n) ___________ account of the modern art world. (SEE)

insightful: sâu sắc

20. The competition challenges students around the world to come up an innovative and

___________ business gift. (TREND)

trendsetting: khởi xướng 1 xu hướng mới

21. Lisette came back from holiday in New York with a(n) ___________ asymmetric haircut.

(TREND)

trendy: hợp mốt

22. He tends to adopt a(n) ___________ manner when talking to young women. (DESCEND)

condescending: xem thường, trịch thượng

23. The motive behind such words is austere rather than ___________. (SNOB)

snobbish: trịch thượng, tự cao

26. She was sitting apart from those who had once been her friends, her eyes ___________ and

her cheeks blazing. (DOWN)

downcast: buốn bã, chán nản

27. Then Alvin endured a long, ___________wait for a flight back to New York late that night.

(SPIRIT)

dispirited: xuống tinh thần

28. Berlusconi was ___________ by Travaglio's claim that he had colluded with the Mafia.

(RAGE)

enraged: vô cùng giận dữ

29. They can be ___________ and hypersensitive to rejection, and their social skills are, as yet,

underdeveloped. (TOUCH)

touchy: nhạy cảm

30. Everyone was in a fairly constant state of ___________ anticipation and nervousness

throughout the tour. (EDGE)

edgy: căng thẳng

31. The potential for a recession across most regions of the world will have ramifications for the

prospects of expatriates in ___________ employment. (GAIN)

gainful: có lợi nhuận

32. In the past, the majority of women were consigned to a lifetime of ___________ and poverty.

(SERVE)

servitude: thân phận phục dịch, tôi tớ

33. A(n) ___________ ensued at the lab, and Angeli was convicted this week of disorderly

conduct and malicious destruction of property. (ALTER)

altercation: cuộc tranh cãi

34. This had all the makings of another long-running ___________ dispute, when again wider

political events quite unexpectedly overtook the controversy. (ACRID)

acrimonious: gay gắt

35. The ___________ of the community to the king is evident and reflects perhaps the

resentment of a dependent people. (ANIMUS)

animosity: sự thù địch

36. She had enjoyed the ___________ of colleagues, and the mild flirtation which often underlay

it. (COMRADE)

camaraderie: tình bằng hữu

37. She used her ___________ skills to get along with her remote grandfather, who provided so

little company for her grandmother. (RECONCILE)

conciliatory: hòa giải

38. Although a number of concessions helped ___________ minority nationalists, the most

militant remained unreconciled. (PACE)

pacify: xoa dịu

39. It encouraged experimenters to propose ___________ or novel approaches to problems.

(BEAT)

offbeat: khác lạ

40. The Qin's extremism was also its ___________ and it was soon replaced by the more

enduring Han dynasty, which sought compromise with aristocratic elites and legitimation

through a revived Confucianism. (DO)

undoing: lý do thất bại

41. In spite of his overnight ___________ he still manages to keep his feet on the ground.

(STAR)

stardom: vị thế ngôi sao

42. He was a modest and ___________ man who never gave the impression that he knew all the

answers. (ASSUME)

unassuming: khiêm tốn

43. Barry worried that working for a woman would ___________ him in his girlfriend's eyes.

(masculine)

emasculate: làm suy yếu, làm ai đó trở nên yếu đuối

44. For all his reclusiveness, moreover, Mr. Salinger has none of the sage's ___________; his

manner is a big and showy one, given to tours-de-force and to large emotional gestures. (FACE)

self-effacement: khiêm tốn

45. These side effects have forced researchers to seek alternative medications to ___________,

augment or delay traditional therapy. (PLANT)

supplant: thay thế

46. The government is facing an angry ___________ from voters over the new tax. (LASH)

backlash: phản ứng dữ dội

47. While parents provide a ___________ for many women in poverty, they are not always an

unproblematic source of help. (LINE)

lifeline: phao cứu sinh

48. Is there any news about the _______ at the central bank this morning? (HOLD)

hold-up : vụ cướp

49. Geogre said it was the worst film he had seen in ages, but it got an excellent _______ in the

press. I think we should go and see it. (WRITE)

write-up: bài phê bình, đánh giá trên báo

50. The House of Representatives approved the budget, with 52 votes in favour, 16 against and

12 _______ (ABSTAIN)

abstentions: bỏ phiếu trắng

51. They were enraged at the _______ of a policeman accused of murder. (ACQUIT)

acquittal: tuyên bố vô tội (tòa án)

52. The individuality, immediacy and _______ in computer games satisfy the needs from these

people. (MIMIC)

mimicry: sự bắt chước

53. His cartoons _______ lampooned the leading politicians of his time. (MERCY)

mercilessly: không thương tiếc

54. We are disappointed by her approaching this matter so _______. (AMATEUR)

amateurishly: một cách nghiệp dư

55. It was sheer _______ to try to drive through the mountains in that thunderstorm. (SANE)

insanity: tâm thần

56. He is a totally _______ person who deliberately defies all standards. (MORAL)

amoral: coi thường luân lý

57. The _______ nations carved up the defeated country into several parts,each taking an equal

share. (VICTORY)

victorious: chiến thắng

58. They have a duty to set the record straight, otherwise they are conniving at _______.

(FALSE)

falsehood: hành động sai trái

59. Cancer is perceived as a heterogeneous group of diseases that is characterized by _______

patterns of gene expression. (ERR)

aberrant: khác thường

60. She did not reply, but sat with crimson cheeks and _______ eyes. (CAST)

downcast: buồn bã

61. I've been hearing about your _______ reputation for a long time, and greatly respect you.

(BLEMISH)

unblemished: không tì vết

62. The national orchestra gave a(n) _______ performance of classic music. (ELECTRIC)

electrifying: hào hứng, thú vị

63. The law is vulnerable to being manipulated or abused to serve injustice, and vulture lawyers

simply rape the law and prostitute justice to serve the _______ and guilty for profit. (SCRUPLE)

unscrupulous: gian xảo

64. While such mentalistic constructions may sound _______ at first sight, they are justified in

three ways. (PLAUDIT)

implausible: không thuyết phục, không hợp lý

65. If you are a reckless, unrestrained and emotionally _______ person, you are more likely to

lose your future. (IMPEL)

impulsive: bốc đồng

66. Emmanuel suffered a(n) _______ two weeks later and was taken to the hospital shackled and

handcuffed. (CARRY)

miscarriage: sẩy thai

67. There was an embarrassing silence after her _______ remark but she was able to laugh it off.

(DISCERN)

indiscreet: bừa bãi, không cẩn thận

68. His lack of qualifications was taken as a sign of a(n) _______ youth. (SPEND)

misspent: sai lầm

69. Psychologists are dealing with the problem of _______ adolescence and " juvenile

delinquency ". (ADJUST)

maladjusted: khó uốn nắn

70. After the Soviet Union _______ in 1991, the protests escalated into war. (INTEGRATE)

disintegrated: tan rã

71. The _______ happened in thick fog and caused a seven-mile tailback on the motorway.

(PILE)

pile-up: tai nạn giao thông liên hoàn

72. I had a(n) _______ time reading your latest article about the Western moron who cheated on

his Chinese wife and subsequently got himself pretty roughed up by her paid muscle. (WRACK)

nerve-wracking: căng thẳng đầu óc

73. We had to listen to another of his _______ stories of his days as a soldier. (TERMINATE)

interminable: dài lê thê, buồn tẻ

74. There is a(n) _______ resemblance between this reasoning and that which had earlier led

John Dalton to an atomic theory of chemistry. (CAN)

uncanny: bất thường

75. The scan shown here indicates _______ metabolism and blood flow in the brain's emotional

center. (FUNCTION)

dysfunctional: rối loạn chức năng

76. The children were _______ at the thought of going to the seaside on holiday. (JOY)

overjoyed: mừng rỡ

77. Alvin met the genial master poet Langston Hughes, who became a lifelong friend and

_______. (CONFIDE)

confidant: tri kỷ

78. A bomb was _______ at the last moment, after the fuse had been lit. (ACT)

deactivated: hủy kích hoạt

79. It has to be said it was rather _______ of him to ask a complete stranger to look after his

luggage. (GENUS)

ingenuous: ngây thơ

80. Their inability to work together for the good of the republic would only increase the peoples'

_______ about government. (CYNICAL)

cynicism: sự nghi ngờ

81. Before the war the _______ output was produced in mass for a prospective demand.

(PONDER)

preponderant: có ảnh hưởng lớn

82. She had enjoyed the _______ of colleagues, and the mild flirtation which often underlay it.

(COMRADE)

camaraderie: tình cảm gắn bó, thân thiết

83. The _______ voluntarily agrees to undertake the legal risk of harm at his own expense.

(PLAINT)

plaintiff: nguyên đơn

84. Online funerals would not retain the ashes, but set up an online cemetery and memorialize

the deceased by posting an _______ and funeral messages. (OBIT)

obituary: cáo phó

85. The taxpayer received not only a capital sum when the companies were sold but now also

receives a substantial annual _______. (DIVIDE)

dividend: lợi tức

86. The next government will play an energetic role in seeking multilateral nuclear _______.

(ARM)

disarmament: giải giáp vũ khí

87. Upholders of the scientific faith shudder at the implications of having to mix it with such

_______ subjective and impure elements. (REDEEM)

irredeemably: vô phương cứu vãn

88. A(n) _______ public consultation paper will be issued this autumn and a more fundamental

public discussion paper will be distributed next spring. (PREPARE)

preparatory: chuẩn bị

89. We have a number of technical publications on various oil products including lubricants,

bitumen, and _______ petroleum gas. (LIQUID)

liquefied: hóa lỏng

90. The lawyer was disbarred from practice when he was round guilty of _______ acts. (LAW)

unlawful: vi phạm pháp luật

91. Even today a man who stays at home to look after the children is regarded as something of

a(n) _______. (ODD)

oddity: sự kì lạ

92. Avoid detached signatures, unless they are of extreme _______ and unimpeachable

authenticity. (RARE)

rarity: vật,việc hiếm gặp

93. In order to produce the ______ effect of losing weight permanently, you must alter your

eating habits. (DESIRE)

desired effect: ảnh hưởng mong muốn

94. Environmentalists fear that this is a(n) _______ approach to the problem of global warming.

(SIGHT)

short-sighted: thiển cận

95. Typically the various stimuli are presented concurrently, each associated with a different

outcome or requiring a different response. (CONCUR)

concurrently: cùng lúc

96. It's one of the most difficult problems _______ our modern way of life. (SET)

besetting: lặp đi lặp lại

97. It was announced that the times were _______ and subject to confirmation.(PROVIDE)

provisional: tạm thời

98. The government is facing an angry _______ from voters over the new tax. (LASH)

backlash: sự phản đối

99. The Chancellor was forced into a humiliating _______ on his economic policies. (CLIMB)

climbdown: nhượng bộ

100. People in his office view him with respect as some one who is _______ and does not choose

to join in casual conversation. (CONTAIN)

self-contained: khép kín

101. In China, the persistence of a(n) _______ currency has over the years effectively subsidised

exports. (VALUE)

undervalued currency: chính sách làm giảm giá trị đồng nội tệ (phá giá tiền tệ)

102. She's still carrying all that emotional _______ from her first marriage. (BAG)

baggage: dư âm trong quá khứ

103. He had a highly _______ memory and was an accomplished and lively speaker. (RETAIN)

retentive memory: nhớ lâu

104. Look forward to the future, we _______ bright prospect for China's development. (VISION)

envision: mường tượng

105. I understand that, because the proposals were so ludicrous, there was no _______ to justify

them. (RATIO)

rationale: lời giải thích

106. The foreigners in Ottawa constitute a(n) _______ threat to the integrity and autonomy of

our province. (OMEN)

ominous: đáng ngại, điềm xấu

107. The school is acknowledged as providing equal access and _______ to a rich and varied

curriculum. (TITLE)

entitlement: quyền được hưởng

108. Candidates found guilty of malpractice were liable to be _______ and banned from holding

elective office for 10 years. (FRANCHISE)

disenfranchised: mất quyền công dân

109. The country had been _______ from thirteen years of middle-level Conservative rule of

reasonable efficiency, modest dynamism but small-power idealism. (MANCIPLE)

emancipated: giải phóng khỏi luật lệ, quy định

110. The customer doesn't need to pay a large _______ licensing fee. They only need to pay

recurring subscription fees. (FRONT)

upfront: trả trước (phí)

111. Like the _______ theft-proof bicycle by Chris Boardman, the Nulla has no hubs or chain

drive for perhaps the sleekest, most futuristic look yet. (MINIMAL)

minimalist: tối giản

112. Davison's investments failed, leaving the family in _______ circumstances when he died in

1893. (STRAIT)

straitened: khó khăn

113. He raved about the _______ punishment made by the manager regarding his fault. (JUST)

unjust: không công bằng

114. This proposal was _______ to the one we discussed at the last meeting. (ANALOGY)

analogous: giống với

115. Some things are ________ true: Water is wet, gra is green (kind of), dogs bark and houses

prices rise, (ALIEN)

inalienably: không thể thay đổi

116. By 1980 the Republican Party platform had become antiabortion; and a president who

pledged to ________ (law) abortion altogether had been elected.

outlaw: cấm

117. An eight-month inquiry by the all party group on ________ found frontline public servants

could be less likely to fall ill with stress, or quit altogether, if they engage in the increasingly

popular meditation practice. (MIND)

mindfulness: chánh niệm

118. In the UK, the ratio of people of working age to people over 65 could fall from 3.7 to 1 in

1999 to 2.1 to 1 in 2040. This suggests a very big increase in the ________ ratio and is

consequently a cause for concern because with current spending pension commitments, it will

place a higher burden on the shrinking working population. (DEPEND)

dependency ratio: tỷ lệ phụ thuộc

119. Since their interest in the past was primarily ________, precise knowledge of actual events

and when they happened was not required. (MORAL)

moralistic: khắc khe về mặt đạo đức

120. A ___________ is an instrument that separates light into a frequency spectrum and records

the signal using a camera. (SPECTRUM)

spectrograph: máy quang phổ

121. The journal Public Money and Management contains ________ articles covering the whole

of the public sector. (TOPIC)

topical: đang được quan tâm

122. Although geographically linked, the two provinces have long fought for political ________.

(ASCEND)

ascendancy: thế lực, quyền thế

123. Tribromoethanol has been reported to be ________ to the viscera of mice and this can cause

intestinal problems and death. (IRRITATE)

irritant: kích thích

124. It had been a warm ________ day in early October and she, Alex and her father were

working in the garden. (AUTUMN)

autumnal: mang đặc điểm mùa thu

125. Jess, watching Midnight, saw him glance swiftly from one to another, his look cold, even

________. (SCORN)

scornful: kinh miệt

126. Many of the traditions are ________ of a time when most people worked on the land.

(REMAIN)

remnants: tàn tích

127. If you join the armed forces, you have to pledge ________ to your country. (ALLAY)

allegiance: lòng trung thành, sự phục tùng

128. Extending democracy at the ________ level is the groundwork for developing socialist

democracy. (ROOT)

grassroots: cơ sở, gốc rễ

129. I am sure that I will study abroad, but I will come back to build my country," 16-year-old

________ rocket scientist Katherine Lee says with conviction. (WANT)

wannabe: mong muốn trở thành

130. The story of the Internet is one of piecewise relinquishment of government control and

________ of private individuals and organizations. (POWER)

empowerment: sự phân quyền

131. The message is clear and concise and displays no ________ that one would expect to find in

more courtly love scenes. (VERB)

verbosity: dài dòng, rườm rà

132. He talked with the ________ authority of the head of the family. (MAGISTRATE)

magisterial: hống hách

133. Methods Twenty three patients who had undergone ________ proctocolectomy with ileal

reservoir were included in the study.

restorative: phục hồi, khôi phục

134. Reduction in government spending will ________ further cuts in public services.

(NECESSARY)

necessitate: bắt buộc, yêu cầu

135. Ever since she was a child, she has had (a) ________ for spicy food. (DILIGENT)

predilection: sự yêu thích

136. Not only was it gaudy in appearance but the smell wafting from the kitchen was distinctly

________. (ODOR)

malodorous: có mùi khó chịu

137. It may take patience, but it is important to be ________ about what sort of home you are

prepared to inhabit. (FASH)

fastidious: kĩ lưỡng

138. Small wonder if their son grew up with a taste for ________ pursuits, warlike deeds and

sometimes foolhardy enterprise. (CHIVALRY)

chivalrous: hào hiệp

139. I ever felicitate myself secretly that I won't make ________ remarks or be hurt by them.

(PERTAIN)

impertinent: thô lỗ

140. A proportion of ________ waves was noted in patients who had undergone surgery 10 or

more years previously. (PROPEL)

propulsive: đẩy

141. It is essential that tutors provide a good service ________ with the fees being charged to

students and/or their employers. (MEASURE)

commensurate: tương xứng

142. The power of red wine to ________ high cholesterol has been ballyhooed in the press.

(ACT)

counteract: làm giảm ảnh hưởng

143. A previous knowledge of computing may be of some advantage initially but is not (a)

________ for entry to the course. (REQUIRE)

prerequisite: điều kiện tiên quyết

144. Ministries send in monthly reports which are ________ and submitted to the Chancellor via

the state secretaries. (NOTE)

annotated: giải thích, ghi chú

145. When millions watch the same programs, the whole world becomes a village, and society is

reduced to the condition which obtain in ________ communities. (LITERACY)

pre-literate: chưa có chữ viết

146. They were sturdy and wooden; quite beautiful in their ________, utilitarian lines. (CLOT)

uncluttered: gọn gàng

147. It is also suggested that ________ learning associated with employment may have been of

value to these students. (EXPERIENCE)

experiential: theo kinh nghiệm

148. It was very difficult to ________ the story of the revolution in a single one-hour

documentary. (CAPSULE)

encapsulate: tóm gọn, gói gọn

149. The only victors in a ________ clash between the president and the assembly would be the

hardliners on both sides. (HEAD)

head-on: đối đầu

150. We should make ________ use of the resources available to us. (JUDGE)

judicious: khôn ngoan, hợp lý

151-160.

Motivations for censorship of the internet range from (151) ________ (intend) desires, to protect

children from unsuitable content to (152) ________ (authority) attempts to control a nation’s

access to political opinion. Many countries around the world have implemented extensive

filtering systems to curb the perceived (153) ________ (law) of the medium. Many others are

debating the (154) ________ (act) of similar measures.

The OpenNet Initiative (ONI) is an organization dedicated to informing the public about Internet

(155) ________ (survey) and filtering policies around the world. Its mission is to uncover the

potential pitfalls and (156) ________ (meditate) consequences of Internet censorship and thus

help to better (157) ________ (light) public policy in this area. The ONI (158) ________ (value)

the breadth and depth of Internet censorship in seventy-four countries in four areas of activity:

political, social, Internet tools and conflict/security. The level of (159) ________ (tamper) in

each area is given a rank ranging from “No evidence of filtering” to (160) “________ (pervade)

filtering.

151. well-intentioned

152. authoritarian

153. lawlessness/unlawfulness

154. enactment

155. surveillance

156. unpremeditated

157. enlighten

158. evaluates

159. tampering

160. pervasive

161. Greenpeace applied for a(n) ________ review to challenge the court's decision. (JUDGE)

judicial: thuộc về tòa án

162. The President authorizes the ________ use of military force to protect our citizens.

(JUDGE)

judicious: có suy xét, khôn ngoan

163. The people of the district rose up in arms and reinstated the abbot, but their triumph was

________. (LIVE)

short-lived: ngắn ngủi

164. The process of the ________ root formation in grape cuttings can be divided into six

periods. (ADVENT)

adventitious: tình cờ

165. Mr Mandela was the symbolic leader of the ________black majority. (FRANCHISE)

disenfranchised: bị đánh mất quyền lợi

166. The special session will run ________ with the regular legislative session beginning today.

(CONCUR)

concurrently: đồng thời

167. The solutions below are descriptions of how these issues have been ________ solved and

may serve as a pattern to help you on your next project. (RECUR)

recurrently: xuyên suốt

168. We and those of our class act 'rationally' in our fertility regulating behaviour, they act

irrationally, irresponsibly, without ________ or knowledge. (THOUGHT)

forethought: suy tính trước

169. She had had the ________ to prepare herself financially in case of an accident. (SIGHT)

foresight: khả năng tiên đoán

170. Rock was a roly-poly detective who looked like a no-hoper but who always ________ the

opposition with sly brilliance. (WIT)

outwitted: defeat somebody/something or gain an advantage over them by doing something

clever.

171. She underwent a heart ________ in a last-ditch attempt to save her. (PLANT)

transplant: ghép

172. The cold has made already ________ living conditions even worse. (STANDARD)

substandard: dưới chuẩn

173. Hospitals are on ________ ready to deal with casualties being flown in from the crash site.

(STAND)

standby: sẵn sàng để sử dụng

174. The opposing counsel then has a last opportunity to ________ the witness to address facts

brought out in redirect examination. (EXAMINE)

cross-examine: thẩm vấn chéo

175. The investigator said the killings were the result of poor procedure by trigger-happy police

rather than ________ murder. (MEDITATE)

premeditated: lên kế hoạch trước

176. An entire society was ________ and destroyed, vanishing into the high mountains never to

return. (ROOT)

uprooted: rời bỏ (quê hương)

177. Women are caught in a double bind, ________ in the community if they are not wives and

mothers, under excessive pressure to be perfect if they are. (MARGIN)

marginalised: ruồng bỏ

178. Coffee houses flourished as meeting points for endless discussions of the latest news,

indulging in raucous ________ (AGREE) and for the ________ (LUCRE) business of buying

and selling insurance ships, stocks and commodities.

disagreements

lucrative: sinh lợi

179. In 1988 there were several well-publicised cases of young people committing suicide

apparently because of ________ love (QUIT)

unrequited love: tình đơn phương

180. Racial hatred has been a powerful ________ in the country's history. (CURRENT)

undercurrent: ảnh hưởng ngầm

181. The earliest written records were simply ________ representations of natural objects, such

as birds and animals. (PICTURE)

pictorial: thuộc về hình ảnh

182. The ________ on the stone tablet has been rubbed away by the hands of countless tourists

over the centuries. (SCRIPT)

inscription: chữ khắc

183. Redundancy payment, or a golden ________ in lieu of notice, up to the value of ￡30,000.

(HAND)

golden handshake: a payment given to someone who is laid off or retires early

The European Court of Justice

The European Court of Justice has ruled that workers who become ill during their holidays

have the right to take additional paid time off later. The Luxembourg-based court stated that “the

purpose of (40. TITLE) __________ to paid annual leave is to enable the worker to rest and

enjoy a period of relaxation and leisure. The purpose of sick leave is different. It is to enable a

worker to recover from an (41. AIL) __________ that has caused him to be unfit for work.” It

concluded that it would be arbitrary and (42. CONTRADICT) __________ to the purpose of

paid annual leave to deny workers holiday time in exchange for time spent sick.

Business groups in the UK warn that applying the courts’ rules will be detrimental to the wider

UK economy and say that the rulings (43. LINE) __________ the need for Britain’s ministers to

resist the court. But, unfortunately, while the UK has an opt-out on parts of the (44. DIRECT)

__________ that the ruling relates to, it has no exemption on sick pay and holiday.

The UK government estimates that adopting the rules will cost British employers more than £100

million annually. The UK’s Business Secretary described the court’s rulings as “an unnecessary

burden on businesses” and “completely (45. DEFEND) __________ during a time of economic

strain”.

40. ENTITLEMENT

41. AILMENT

42. CONTRADICTORY

43. UNDERLINE

44. DIRECTIVE

45. INDEFENSIBLE

The Best Medicine

If you feel stressed or unhappy, nothing, say researchers, is as therapeutic as laughing. A good,

(40. HEART) __________ laugh relieves physical tension and stress, leaving your muscles

relaxed for up to 45 minutes afterwards. Not only that, laughing triggers the release of

endorphins – the body’s ‘feel-good’ chemicals – so it can provide temporary relief from pain.

Laughter even increases infection-fighting antibodies, thus improving your resistance to disease.

But the best thing about this (41. PRICE) __________ medicine that has so much power to heal

and renew is that it’s fun, free, and available in abundance.

One of the best ways to increase the amount of time you spend laughing each day is to hang out

with entertaining, (42. MISCHIEF) __________ people. These are people who laugh easily –

both at themselves and at life’s absurdities. Laughter is contagious, so just hearing others laugh

primes your brain and readies you to smile. What’s more, the ‘feel-good’ emotion you get when

you laugh will remain with you long after your laughter (40. SIDE) _________.

The ability to laugh easily and frequently is a tremendous resource for (40. COME) __________

problems and improving both physical and emotional health.

So, go on! Bring your body and mind back into (40. EQUAL) __________ - laugh!

40. HEARTY

41. PRICELESS

42. MISCHIEVOUS

43. SUBSIDES: become calmer

44. OVERCOMING

45. EQUILIBRIUM: a state of balance, especially between opposing forces or influences

Centenarians

Centenarians (people aged 100+ years) exhibit (40. MARK) __________ delayed disability. It

seems to manifest only towards the end of their very long lives, at an average age of 93 years. In

one study of centenarians, 15% had no clinically (41. DEMONSTRATE) __________ disease at

age 100 years and 43% did not exhibit age-related disease until age 80 years or older. In short,

living to 100 seems to be advantageous not just in years of survival, but in years of quality life.

Interestingly, centenarians appear to have little in common, varying widely when it comes to

diet, education, ethnicity and socioeconomic status. Still, studies have revealed some (42.

COMMON) __________. Very few centenarians are obese. Most have first degree relatives who

also achieve exceptional age, indicating genetic factors are strongly involved in (43. LONG)

__________. Substantial smoking history is usually rare. Finally, most centenarians have the

personality traits of (44. EXTRAVERT) __________ and serenity; despite life’s ups and downs,

they seem better able to maintain a positive outlook and handle stress better than the majority of

the population.

But one characteristic marks out centenarians (45. DISPUTE) __________ : gender. Some 85%

of centenarians are women. Among supercentenarians (those aged 110 or older), the figure is

90%.

40. MARKEDLY

41. DEMONSTRABLE: able to be proved

42. COMMONALITIES: the state of sharing features or attributes.

43. LONGEVITY

44. EXTRAVERSION: the quality of being energetic and not shy, and enjoying being with other

people

45. INDISPUTABLY

A DVD Review

Breathtaking underwater footage and detailed scientific explanations make Cuttlefish: Kings of

Camouflage a documentary DVD well worth buying. For those who don’t know, cuttlefish are

nature’s (40. RIVAL) __________ masters of camouflage – creatures that can, in a fraction of a

second, alter their skin colour, pattern and texture to match any background. Viewers are sure to

be (41. FIX) __________ by the astonishing underwater scenes in this documentary that capture

the (42. INSTANT) __________ physical transformations cuttlefish undergo as they move about

the sea floor.

But don’t be fooled. Cuttlefish: Kings of Camouflage is so much more than spectacular wildlife

photography. Riveting commentary from expert scientists educates viewers on the latest research

into these (43. CAPTIVE) __________ creatures. The information provided is both entertaining

and (44. LIGHT) __________. In short, the producers of Cuttlefish: Kings of Camouflage have

(45. DO) __________ themselves. This is a documentary that asks, and prompts, questions. Most

importantly, it is a documentary that allows us a privileged glimpse into the secret world of one

of nature’s most remarkable creatures.

40. UNRIVALLED

41. TRANSFIXED

42. INSTANTANEOUS

43. CAPTIVATING

44. ENLIGHTENING

45. OUTDONE

Handsome and sensitive, Nero made a good start as emperor, but before long he gave in to wild

extravagance and his rule ended violently. Today, Nero’s name is a byword for (40. RULE)

__________ and debauchery. A brutal and (41. TYRANT) __________ leader, Nero practised

every sort of obscenity. During his reign, he became famous for his many executions – including

that of his own mother – and his countless perverse and (42. SPEAK) __________ acts of

violence. History famously remembers him as the emperor who merrily ‘fiddled whilst the whole

of Rome burned’, although many historians now consider this an inaccurate rumour.

Born in 37 AD, Nero was the only surviving direct male descendant of the emperor Augustus. It

is difficult to determine to what extent Nero was mentally (43. BALANCE) __________ , but

one thing is certain: absolute power corrupted him. By the final years of his rule, a high-level

(44. CONSPIRE) __________ to assassinate him had emerged. In 68 AD, the Senate declared

Nero a ‘public enemy’ which meant anyone could kill him without punishment. Upon learning

that his execution was imminent, a terrified Nero fled Rome and committed suicide. Disputes

over his (45. SUCCEED) __________ quickly led to civil war, as Nero had left no heirs.

40. MISRULE/UNRULINESS

41. TYRANNICAL: using, showing, or relating to the unfair and cruel use of power over other

people in a country, group, etc.

42. UNSPEAKABLE

43. UNBALANCED

44. CONSPIRACY

45. SUCCESSION/SUCCESSOR

Most snap judgements about people are formed on the basis of their facial features. The eyes,

regarded as clues to one’s true character, are said (41. POETRY) __________ to be the windows

of the soul: closely positioned, they imply (42. SLY) __________; set wide apart they suggest

honesty and (43. DIRECT) __________. Thin mouths are equated with meanness and full

mouths with (44. SENSE) __________. Unconsciously, we make such instant judgements and

they are made about us. There is no hiding place for the face. Always exposed and vulnerable, it

involuntarily expresses happiness, desire and joy, anger, fear, shame and (45. LOATHE).

Precisely for that reason, a masked face evokes fear and horror: once someone’s distinguishing

(46. CHARACTER) __________ are hidden, we cannot read or recognise the person and fear of

the unknown immediately arouses suspicion.

41. POETICALLY

42. SLYNESS

43. DIRECTNESS

44. SENSUALITY

45. LOATHING

46. CHARACTERISTICS

The Cat

The house cat, Felis catus, is a small furry animal much valued by humans for both (39.

COMPANY) __________ and its skill at hunting vermin. Although there is some uncertainty as

to when cats and humans first developed a (40. SYMBIOSIS) __________ relationship, there

have been instances of cat (41. DOMESTIC) __________ since as early as the Neolithic era, at

least. It is believed that cats may have an inborn (42. DISPOSE) __________ towards tameness

and, according to some researchers may have actively sought human company and inveigled

their way into early human (43. SETTLE) __________. It is debatable as to whether cats were

really valued for their ability to keep pest numbers down but there is no doubt that there are few

creatures who can hunt as (44. GRACE) __________. With lithe, flexible bodies and sharp

retractable claws, cats are eminently suited to stealth attacks on prey and are (45. EXAMPLE)

__________ predators.

39. COMPANIONSHIP

40. SYMBIOTIC

41. DOMESTICATION

42. DISPOSITION

43. SETTLEMENTS

44. GRACEFULLY

45. EXEMPLARY

Lloyd Webber Musicals

Andrew Lloyd Webber, whose rock-based compositions helped (40. VITAL) __________

English musical theatre in the late 20th century, began his career while still at Oxford University.

It was there that he formed a partnership with Timothy Rice and they began putting on

productions. Their first (41. NOTE) __________ successful venture was Joseph and the

Amazing Technicolour Dreamcoat, a children's pop oratorio that earned worldwide (42. CLAIM)

__________. Then came the rock opera Jesus Christ Superstar, a controversial look at Jesus's life

story that became one of the longest running shows in British (43. THEATRE) __________

history. Evita was Lloyd Webber's final collaboration with Rice and for his next production,

Cats, he used two (44. LYRIC) __________, Hart and Stilgoe. He then composed a hugely

successful version of Phantom of the Opera. Lloyd Webber's productions have always been

flashy spectacles and much of his success is due to his ability to blend such varied and dissimilar

genres as rock and roll, English music hall song and (45. OPERA) __________ forms into music

with a wide mass appeal.

40. REVITALISE

41. NOTABLY

42. ACCLAIM

43. THEATRICAL

44. LYRICISTS

45. OPERATIC

With Many Thanks

Many people have given assistance to me during the writing of this book, but it is to Ms Leigh

Keith, senior editor of Ramsay and Brown that I am most deeply (41. DEBT) __________ to for

her loyalty and encouragement during the four years the project lasted. She gave her time and

advice (42. STINT) __________ in order for this work to be completed, giving both moral and

practical support for the lengthy research into social conditions the project (43. NECESARY)

__________. Her confidence in me sustained me in my belief that this was valuable work and it

was undoubtedly what enabled me to continue in the face of often discouraging circumstances.

I must also thank my father, who has been a willing collaborator in all my efforts and who spent

long hours in libraries and on trains to distant parts of the country in search of material. I know

that he will say he enjoyed it, but without his (44. FLAG) __________ enthusiasm this book

would never have seen the light of day. Finally, I would like to give my friends and family the

recognition they so richly deserve. They have had to put up with what must have seemed to them

an (45. EXCEPT) __________ long drawn-out piece of writing. Thank you, all of you, very

much.

41. INDEBTED

42. UNSTINTINGLY: in a way that does not stop and is always generous

43. NECESSITATED

44. UNFLAGGING: remaining strong;

45. EXCEPTIONALLY

Hiking in the Countryside

Winter in the British countryside can be very brutal but it has such (41. BREATH) __________

beauty that for many people (42. GO) __________ the pleasure of long country walks is out of

the question, however severe the weather.

Fortunately, there is a very wide range of hiking gear from which to choose, from the traditional

waxed jackets to modern Gore-tex clothing and footwear. But, (43. RESPECT) __________ of

your clothing preferences, of all your priorities, the main one should be to keep warm and dry.

Layering clothing is a good idea. Start with thermal underwear topped with an outer shell of

jackets and overtrousers in (44. PERMEATE) __________ fabrics that keep out the wind and

rain but don’t make you sweat. Even in wet weather, rubber boots are unsuitable for proper long

walks. You will need good boots with ankle support and good traction. A small rucksack of

around 20-litre capacity is fine for short walks but the intrepid hiker will need a substantially

larger one of up to 40 litres. Hikers’ rucksacks have been considerably (45. LIGHT) __________

in recent years as more and more lightweight fabrics have been developed.

41. BREATHTAKING

42. FOREGOING

43. IRRESPECTIVE

44. PERMEABLE

45. LIGHTENED

How often have we heard how technology is making us (41. SOCIAL)__________? But what

about the other less identifiable effects technology is having on us? Take, for instance, the

cherry-picking of information on search engines, which often confirms users’ (42. EXIST)

__________ beliefs, allowing them to construct views irrespective of what is proven. This 4)

(43. REPRESENT) __________ of facts can be dangerous in (44. POLE) __________ society.

Then there are small but undeniably significant effects on our memory. Information is no longer

being memorized with answers only a click away. Few people commit phone numbers to

memory, relying instead on their smartphones, in contrast to the pre-tech days when people had

countless numbers in their heads. The result is our recollection of information has (45. MARK)

__________ deteriorated.

41. ANTISOCIAL

42. PRE-EXISTING

43. MISREPRESENTATION

44. POLARISING

45. MARKEDLY

Dickens and his world

It was with the circulation of Pickwick Papers in 1836 that young Dickens began to enjoy a truly

(1. PRECEDENT) _________ ascent into the favour of the British reading public. He

magnificently (2. PROVE) _________ a theory that his fame would disappear just as quickly as

it had come. He remained until his death 34 years later (3. DENY) _________ the most popular

novelist the English- speaking world had ever known.

The public displayed a/an (4. SATIATE) _________ appetite for his works, and there

was also a great diffusion of them through (5. NUMBER) _________ dramatic adaptations

(nearly all completely (6. AUTHORITY) _________ the copyright laws being much weaker in

those days).

His immense popularity was based on the widespread perception of him as a great

champion of the poor and the (7. POSSESS) _________ against all forms of (8. JUST)

_________ and abuse of power. In his personal life, however, he was (9. CAPACITY)

_________ of achieving the level of fulfilment he enjoyed with the public, and all his close

emotional relationships with women (10. VARY) _________ ended in failure. Yet, he created an

extraordinary range and variety of female characters who live on in our minds and culture unlike

any others created by Victorian novelists

unprecedented

2. disproved 3. undeniably 4. insatiable 5. numberless/

innumerable

unauthorized

7. dispossessed 8. injustice 9. incapable 10. invariably

One of the most lethal poisons on Earth,ten thousand times more (0) deadly than cyanide is

tetrodotoxin, more concisely known as TTX. Its potency is well known in East Asia, where it

regularly kills (1- DINE) __________ who have braved the capricious (2- DELICATE)

________ known as fugu or pufferfish.

This toxin has a (3- TERROR) ________ method of operation: twenty-five minutes after

exposure it begins to (4- PARALYSIS) _______its victims, leaving the victim fully aware of

what is happening. Death usually results, within hours, from suffocation or heart failure.

There is no known antidote. If lucky patients can (5- STAND) ________ the symptoms for

twenty-four hours, they usually recover without further (6-COMPLICATE) _________It is no

ordinary poison.

What is strange about its (7-OCCUR)_______is that it is found in such a wide range of creatures,

from algae to angelfish spanning entire kingdoms of life. It is rather unlikely that such an

unusual toxin evolved (8-DEPEND)________in so many unrelated animals.

Marine biologists have discovered that the poison is produced by bacteria living in the gut of its

host. The best explanation is that a (9-SYMBIONT) ________ relationship exists between host

and not the unwelcome guest, where microbes exchange poison for nutrients, providing a

valuable (10-DEFEND) ________weapon for its host.

1. diners 2.delicacy 3.terrifying 4. paralyse 5.withstand

6. complications 7. occurrence 8.independently 9. symbiotic 10. defensive

AGEING WORLD

The UN predicts over-60s will outnumber under-15s by 2050. In a (1- START) __________

report, titled 'Ageing in the 21st Century: a celebration and a challenge', the UN revealed that the

number of people over 60 is set to hit 2 billion by 2050, and the number of (2- CENTURY)

__________ is set to rise nearly tenfold to three million. Population ageing is a (3- PRODUCE)

__________of the demographic transition in which both mortality and fertility decline from

higher to lower levels. Currently, the total fertility rate is below (4- PLACE) __________ levels

in virtually all industrialised countries. As life expectancy increases across the planet, thanks to

welcome advances in healthcare and rising economic prosperity., it is imperative that countries

start preparing now so that they can adequately care for their over-60s in the years to come. The

social and economic (5- IMPLY) __________ of population ageing are profound and nations

across the world will be affected in (6- PRECEDE) __________ways. For example, there will be

major challenges for nations in areas ilke healthcare and pensions. Developing countries

especially need to start preparing as (7- PROJECT) __________ show 80% of the world's elderly

will live in less developed regions by 2050. The UN also predicts a very large increase in

age.related chronic disease across the world. In a few decades, the loss of health worldwide will

actually be greater from (8- COMMUNICATE) __________ or chronic diseases (e.g.

cardiovascular disease, cancer, arthritis) than from infectious diseases for the first time in history.

1. STARTLING

2. CENTENARIANS

3. BY-PRODUCT

4. REPLACEMENT

5. IMPLICATIONS

6. UNPRECEDENTED

7. PROJECTIONS

8. NONCOMMUNICABLE

POLONIUM - 210

Historically called radium F, the element polonium-210 (Po-210) is a naturally-occurring

radioactive element that emits highly harzardous alpha particles. Po-210 was discovered in 1898

by Marie and Pierre Curie. It is (1- EXCEED) __________ rare in nature (tiny amounts exist in

the soil and in the atmosphere) and it does not (2- CUSTOM) __________ present a risk to

humans. Today, Po-210 is studied in nuclear research laboratories where its high radioactivity

requires special handling techniques and (3- CAUTIOUS) __________. Po-210 is fantastically

toxic but it does not represent a risk to human health, as long as it remains outside the body.

Internal exposure is the concern. In order to get into the human body, Po-210 must be ingested or

inhaled as It cannot pass through the skin.

It has been known since the 1960s that Po-210 is present in tobacco smoke as a contaminant.

Tobacco plants which are fertilised with phosphate fertilisers absorb Po-210 through their roots.

Even though direct root (4- TAKE) __________ of Po-210 by tobacco plants is small, Po-210 is

still estimated to cause some 11,700 lung cancer deaths annually worldwide. (5- DEPOSIT)

__________ of Po-10 from the atmosphere on tobacco leaves also results in elevated

concentrations of Po-210 in tobacco smoke.

1. EXCEEDINGLY

2. CUSTOMARILY

3. PRECAUTIONS

4. UPTAKE

5. DEPOSITION

HUMAN RIGHTS

Human rights, that set of privileges that we all possess by virtue of being born, is a far more

recent term than one might think. The idea of (1- ALIEN) __________ rights originated in (2-

ANTIQUE) __________, but it took the horrors of the Second World War to get the idea (3-

SHRINE) __________ in an internationally-accepted document, the Universal Declaration of

Human Rights of 1948.

The document itself is comprised of thirty articles that cover, amongst other things, the right to

life, liberty and security of person, the freedom of speech, and the freedom of slavery, arbitrary

arrest, (4- DETAIN) __________ of torture. To ensure its universality, one of the first principles

of the declaration is that these rights are (5- TERRITORY) __________, that is, they take (6-

PRECEDE) __________ over the laws of any individual country.

Founded in 1978, Human Rights Watch is an organisation dedicated to (7- LIGHT) __________

human rights abuses. Originally called Helsinki Watch, it changed its name in 1988 to reflect its

changing role on the world stage. Using (8- INVESTIGATE) __________ teams that provide

annual reports on individual countries, Human Rights Watch uses its media profile to put

countries that violate the declaration under the harsh (9- LIGHT) __________ of global

attention.

Human Rights Watch may be a thorn in the side of abusive nations around the world, but it has

plenty of (10- ROOT) __________ supports and even some (11- FLY) __________ devotees.

George Soros, the renowned investor and philanthropist, pledged $100 million to Human Rights

Watch – its biggest ever private contribution – declaring, “Human Rights Watch is one of the

most effective organisations I support. Human rights (12- PIN) __________ our greatest

aspirations; they are at the heart of open societies.”

1. inalienable: that cannot be taken away from you

2. antiquity

3. enshrined

4. detention

5. extra-territorial: valid outside the country where the law was made

6. precedence

7. highlighting

8. investigative

9. spotlight

10. grassroots: involving the ordinary people in a society or an organization

11. high-flying

12. underpin

P2-WORDFORM

PRACTICE TEST 1

1. Democracy died after a period of ________(cease) wars, imperial expansion abroad,

and the rise of demagoguery at home.

incessant/ceaseless: triền miên, không dứt

2. The consequences of ________ (compel) gambling are comparable to those of any

other addictive disease and are not simply those of financial loss.

compulsive: có tính ép buộc

3. The prison service has the twin goals of punishment and ________ (habit).

rehabilitation: sự phục hồi

4. The first ________ (conceive) is that legal study at university is exclusively for

students who intend becoming solicitors or advocates.

misconception: sự hiểu sai

5. Too late, she remembered the ________ (settle) effect such comments would have on

Johnny.

unsettling: đáng lo

6. Some economists are now predicting the danger of ________ (run) inflation.

runaway: xảy ra rất nhanh

7. The ________ (narrate) in this book plays second fiddle to the excellent photographs.

narrative: câu chuyện

8. They were now faced with seemingly________(mount) technical problems.

insurmountable: không thể vượt qua

9. When you come down on him too hard, you may only intensify his own ________

(critic)

self-criticism: tự phê bình

10. Your speech should not have been ________ (lace) with these facts beside the point.

interlaced: trộn lẫn

11. Their views lie outside the ________ (stream) of current medical opinion.

mainstream: xu hướng

12. The teachers are fair and avoid ________ (favour) and scapegoating.

favouritism: sự thiên vị

13. She has become ________(mesh) in a tangle of drugs and petty crime.

enmeshed: vướng vào

14. Do not set your goals too high or else you will always be failing and there is nothing

more ________ (moral).

demoralising: làm nản lòng

15. The demise of the industry has caused ________(tell) misery to thousands of hard-

working tradesmen.

untold: đáng kể

16. Attracting the banks are the ________ (surge) economy and reforms that have opened

up industries to foreign capital.

resurgent: hồi sinh

17. The ordinary reader is impressed by the tone and manner of publication, and the

words chosen to ________ (head) a story.

headline: đặt tiêu đề

18. At all events, it was this group of the ________ (possess) that gave the first successful

impetus to the Revolution.

dispossessed: nghèo

19. ________(prey) pricing by large supermarkets was threatening the livelihood of

smaller businesses.

predatory pricing: chính sách hạ giá để tiêu diệt đối thủ

20. He is a ________(voice) critic of the president's stance on abortion.

vociferous: mạnh mẽ

21. She made several ________ (par) remarks about the manager she dislikes.

disparaging: làm mất danh dự

22. As women we tend to be ________ (face) and make light of what we have achieved.

self-effacing: khiêm tốn

23. GEW lamp dimming promise uptime at least 1500 hours, raised productivity and

reduces ________ (time).

downtime: thời gian chết của máy móc

24. Would you mind if I took one of the pictures as a________(keep)?

keepsake: vật lưu niệm

25. Mania usually alternates with depression, to form a ________ (pole) disorder.

bipolar (disorder): bệnh trầm cảm

26. This was too we a ________ (hole) for the tax planners: no wonder inheritance tax is

called a voluntary tax.

loophole: kẽ hở

27. The teacher said that he found it difficult to cope with a class of ________ (affect)

teenagers.

disaffected: bất bình

28. He is ________ (fail) polite and tries desperately to understand other people's views.

unfailingly: luôn luôn

29. The court ________ (turn) that decision on the grounds that the Prosecution had

withheld crucial evidence.

overturned: lật đổ

30. Some of these statements are misleading and some downright ________ (amend).

mendacious: sai sự thật

31. The state ________ (fast) refused to settle this matter at any time.

steadfastly: kiên quyết

32. What is illustrated by these photographs is as much the culture of shamelessness as

the reigning admiration for ________ (apology) brutality.

unapologetic: không biết hối lỗi

33. The judge found that in her case there were________(mitigate) circumstances.

mitigating: làm dịu bớt

34. He impressed his audience by the ________ (profound) of his knowledge.

profundity: sự uyên thâm

35. The causes of social ________(stress) include inadequate housing.

distress: cảnh khốn cùng

36. He was in the ________ (envy) position of having to choose between imprisonment

or exile.

unenviable: không mong muốn

37. He was ________ (capacity) by old age and sickness.

incapacitated: suy yếu

38. The bank is ________ (solve) and will be unable to live up to its obligations.

insolvent: vỡ nợ

39. Natalie considered herself very ________ (virtue) because she neither drank nor

smoked.

virtuous: có đạo đức tốt

40. Their refusal to ________ (tail) spending plans and to increase the burden on poll tax

payers is expected.

curtail: cắt giảm

41. Rather than a benevolent "socialist" super power China, whose population is made up

over 90% Han Chinese, will ________ (stride) the world as a racially homogeneous, and

communalistic "Middle Kingdom”.

bestride: bắc ngang qua

42. Broadly speaking, on-line shopping experiences can be categorized into two distinct

dimensions: ________ (use) and hedonic value.

utilitarian: thực dụng

43. It encouraged experimenters to propose ________ (beat) or novel approaches to

problems.

offbeat: khác thường

44. It's a bustling ________ (eat) where the fishy fare is served in cones of butcher's

paper.

eatery: quán ăn

45. Several spoke out against the harshly ________ (right) tone of the original motion.

self-righteous: tự cho là đúng

46. Elections are essential for the ________ (sustain) of parliamentary democracy.

sustenance: sự tồn tại

47. ________ (similar) is consequently difficult, particularly as the minority groups

experience considerable hostility.

Assimilation: sự đồng hóa

48. Growth and ________ (mature) of vascular plants are often controlled by light,

usually in conjunction with temperature.

maturation: sự lớn lên

49. The practice of meditation and ________ (temple) is life-long, reflecting this daily

process of repentance and change at heart.

contemplation: sự suy ngẫm

50. The new policy only serves to ________ (accent) the inadequacy of provision for the

homeless.

accentuate: nhấn mạnh

51. Pressure was applied with cool precision: women had discovered that to ________

(step) male dominance was to avoid destructive rage.

sidestep: tránh

52. I found your book absolutely ________ (thrall)!

enthralling: làm say mê

53. Listen to both sides and you will be ________ (light), heed only one side and you will

be ________ (night).

enlighted – benighted: làm sáng tỏ-nông cạn

54. Bertha, exaggerating the seriousness of the affair, thought it ________ (charlatan) to

undertake a post without knowledge and without capacity.

charlatanry: lừa đảo, giả dối

55. I write this down ________ (verb), for much the same reason I took notes in college.

verbatim: đúng nguyên văn

56. She came to the party wearing a(n) ________ (land) costume and blond wig.

outlandish: nổi bật

57. Opposition leaders said they would try to stage nationwide protests, but previous

opposition rallies have met only ________ (warm) support.

lukewarm: lãnh đạm, thờ ơ

58. She gave me some friendly advice without a trace of ________ (descend).

condescension: sự hạ mình

59. It's that ________ (patron) tone of hers that I can't bear.

patronizing: ra vẻ bề trên

60. And then, to the audience's ________ (mystic), the band suddenly stopped playing.

mystification: sự bối rối

61. The ________ (conspire) of the assissination of the president was brought to light in

time.

conspiracy: âm mưu

62. The report is critical of attempts by________(official) to deal with the problem of

homelessness.

officialdom: giới viên chức

63. The system of counties was essential to Frankish government, and a count could

wield considerable power, particularly in ________ (far) regions.

far-flung: xa xôi

64. Jaubert had been a reasonable man to work for, had never asked her to do anything

illegal or ________ (taste)

distasteful: không vừa ý

65. Darwin's theory of evolution was a(n) ________ (shed) dividing the old way of

thinking from the new.

watershed: bước ngoặt

66. I can find just enough re-run of quality programmes to prevent myself from falling

into utter despair and pining for the good old days of ________ (year).

yesteryear: trước đây

67. If he resigned it would be ________ (amount) to admitting that he was guilty.

tantamount: tương đương với

68. For twenty-five years he ________ (pain) amassed evidence to support his

hypothesis.

painstakingly: chịu khó

69. He felt out of place, a(n) ________ (conform) in a society where conformity was

highly prized.

nonconformist: người không theo khuôn phép

70. She unveiled the picture with a(n) ________ (ceremony) gesture.

ceremonious: trịnh trọng

71. Travellers may be ________ (inquire) about the world, but they also travel to make

discoveries about themselves.

inquisitive: tò mò

72. Both Hathor and her potential victims became ________ (exceed) drunk and merry,

so she failed at her task.

exceedingly: dư

73. Operation Rescue was an organization notorious for its ________ (front) tactics and

its implacable opposition to abortion under all circumstances.

confrontational: đương đầu

74. A(n) ________ (face) approach to sustainable construction is required for use by

policy - makers, practitioners and civil society.

multi-faceted: nhiều phương diện

75. Wage control is the ________ (corner) of the government's economic policy.

cornerstone: cơ sở

76. She's ________ (fail) cheerful no matter what the circumstances.

unfailingly: luôn luôn

77. Instead of just ________ (moan) your fate, why not do something to change it?

bemoaning: than phiền

78. For users, they are still expensive ________ (add) features and come with their own

set of integration problems.

add-on: thêm vào

79. Foreign observers also accused the authorities of widespread ________ (practice).

malpractice: hành vi bất chính

80. ________ (type) images of women are used to legitimise male dominance.

Stereotypical: rập khuôn

81. It will ________ (legal) sex - far from helping girls resist pressure, it will help boys

bully girls into sex.

legitimate: hợp pháp hóa

82. Mongolia, although poor, has considerable ________ (tap) resources of oil and

minerals.

untapped: chưa khai thác

83. Towards the end of the ________ (infant) period the child is becoming more

perspicacious.

infantile: còn trẻ con

84. It would be ________ (ingenuity) on our part to pretend ignorance of our book's

impact, both in sales and controversy.

disingenuous: gian xảo

85. I think I must have known ________(conscience) that something was going on

between them.

subconsiously: tiềm thức

86. If evolution has________ (wire) into us a belief that there are objective moral

obligations, then we will believe that there are.

hard-wired: ăn sâu vào

87. You want clothes that are stylish as well as practical, versatile, ________ (task) and

low maintenance.

multitasking: nhiều công việc

88. His failures ________ (line) the difference between theatre and film direction.

underline: nhấn mạnh

89. In other words, subcultural cleavage has attenuated and cultural ________

(homogeneous) has extended from structural orientation into policy orientation.

homogeneity: tính đồng nhất

90. As the inspector and others came in, she regarded them ________ (disdain),

seemingly unconcerned about her capture.

disdainfully: miệt thị

91. The concert hall itself reminds one ________ (play) of reproduction art deco and is

also acoustically first-class and adaptable.

playfully: khôi hài

92. She didn't want to confront the ________ (escape) fact that she would have to sell the

house.

inescapable: không thể tránh khỏi

93. He made a fortune buying ________ (run) houses and fixing them up to sell.

run-down: đổ nát

94. Business schools, who currently dominate entrepreneurship teaching and research,

________ (compartment) knowledge into functional boxes.

compartmentalise: phân chia

95. Idealism was deeply________ (credit) by the failure to prevent the outbreak of the

Second World War.

discredited: làm mất uy tín

96. We will reform principal local councils into a(n) ________ (unit) system based on

natural communities and the wishes of local people.

unitary: thống nhất

97. Since ________ (regulate), banks are permitted to set their own interest rates.

deregulation: sự bãi bỏ qui định

98. These years witnessed the ________(integrate) and destruction of the English

peasantry.

disintegration: sự tan rã

99. This was really a(n) ________(whim) thought, and I reproved myself often for the

simplicity of it.

whimsical: kì dị

100. There seems to be a(n )________ (satisfy) demand for more powerful computers.

insatiable: không thỏa mãn được

PRACTICE TEST 2

1. A portion of the proceeds will be ________ for providing school fees for poor

children for the coming academic year. (mark)

earmarked: dành riêng

2. The administration ropes in all educational institutions, government offices, public

sector ________ and universities for the purpose of mobilising funds. (take)

undertakings: việc kinh doanh

3. Contraception is less ________ or affordable in South America. (cure)

procurable: có thể đạt được

4. Both toxic and ________ potentials are properties of all drugs. (cure)

curative: chữa bệnh

5. While learning has changed for students in this new century, we are ________ by the

boundless opportunity presented in our lifetime. (bold)

emboldened: khuyến khích

6. It does not become an economic ________ but it does become a ‘newly industrialized

country’, like Malaysia, Taiwan and South Korea. (power)

economic superpower: siêu cường kinh tế

7. We believe that the most effective enforcement tool is self-policing and ________

(strain).

self-restraint: tự kìm chế

8. It is possible to humanely raise and slaughter a variety of food animals, including

________ poultry and beef cattle. (range)

free-range: nuôi tự nhiên

9. Most of this feature includes behind-the-scenes video ________ of the crew working

and goofing off. (foot)

footage: cảnh phim

10. Together they forged a(n) ________ intellectual climate that has profoundly shaped

my career. (vigor)

invigorating: tiếp thêm sinh lực

11. We will investigate the tradeoffs among data ________, data hiding capacity, and

probabilities of extraction errors in different applications. (perceive)

imperceptibility: không thể thấy

12. This is a(n) ________ thriller that promises to deliver. (page)

page – turning: thú vị

13. Death, from this perspective, seems unproblematically universal, a simple, irreducible

fact of our nature, ________ the same across all societies and throughout time (yield)

unyieldingly: không thay đổi

14. Of course there is a(n) ________ between such advantages of large cells and the

disadvantages of slower cell multiplication. (trade)

trade – off : sự kết hợp, đan xen

15. Today we look at claims that in Queensland, the regime that looks after the most

vulnerable people, the infirm elderly, and ________ adults, is failing. (capacity).

incapacitated: bị làm mất sức lao động

16. Scholars have tried to make a case for ________, competitiveness, and selfishness as

innate human trait. (acquire)

acquisitiveness: sự thu lợi

17. The judge ruled that Newman's comments were not a(n) ________offense. (act)

actionable: có thể kiện

18. She was a very selfish, ________ bad-tempered little girl. (agree)

disagreeable: khó chịu

19. Before creating this sculpture, she studied all the masterpieces of classical ________

(antique).

antiquity: đồ cổ:

20. He claims that the laws are ________ and have no contemporary relevance. (antique)

antiquated: không hợp thời

21. I fretted and sweated as they stalked in and stared around with that ________,

accusatory look of all cops everywhere. (approve)

disapproving: tỏ ý không tán thành

22. A good teacher can encourage ________creativity. (art)

artistic: nghệ thuật

23. She's ________ and knows how to get round her parents. (art)

artful: xảo quyệt

24. Most ________ or totalitarian regimes are nonconstitutional. (authority)

authoritarian: độc đoán

25. One encouraging feature of period-instrument performances in recent decades has

been a growing concern with reliable and ________editions. (authority)

authoritative: hoàn chỉnh, đáng tin cậy (thông tin)

26. It is essential that there is a(n) ________ (author) use of the confidential information.

unauthorised: trái phép

27. He thought back to the ________ days of his childhood. (care)

carefree: vô tư, thảnh thơi

28. They gave him a(n) ________ assurance that he would not be hurt.(category)

categorical: dứt khoát

29. They are taking ________measures to safeguard their forces from the effects of

chemical weapons. (caution)

precautionary: để phòng ngừa

30. Their ________ greetings did not seem heartfelt. (ceremony)

ceremonious: kiểu cách

31. The full costume is only worn on important ________ occasions. (ceremony)

ceremonial: trang trọng

32. Utilitarian notions in the social sciences are not enough for even providing a(n)

________ framework for grasping what actually happens. (concept)

conceptual: dựa trên khái niệm

33. It once seemed ________ to everyone that men should travel to the moon. (conceive)

inconceivable: khó tin

34. The procedure is in strict ________ with standard international practices.(conform)

in conformity with: tuân theo

35. The present economic policy is a(n) ________ of the earlier one. (continue)

continuation: sự kế tiếp

36. An historical awareness also imparts a sense of________(continue).

continuity: tính liên tục

37. Last month's elections saw a ________ in power of the country's socialist party.

(continue)

continuance: sự kéo dài

38. It's very ________ to find out that your own team members have been lying to you.

(courage)

discouraging: mất tinh thần

39. Do you believe in the ________ powers of the local mineral water? (cure)

curative: chữa bệnh

40. She has an artist's ________ eye. (discriminate)

discriminating: sáng suốt

41. The government enacted laws to protect women from ________employment practices

(discriminate)

discriminatory: có sự phân biệt đối xử

42. Maria loved both the children. There was never a hint of ________ (favour)

favouritism: sự thiên vị

43. They often are involved in the hiring and dismissal of employees but generally have

no role in the ________ of personnel policy. (form)

formulation: sự soạn thảo

44. An agreement on the ________ of a new government was reached on June 6. (form)

formation: sự thành lập

45. There are people who want to ________ you and grind you down. (humble)

humiliate: làm bẽ mặt

46. The discussions reached a new level of ________ and by lunchtime the exchanges

were becoming very heated. (intense)

intensity: sự dữ dội, mãnh liệt

47. ________ and specialization in agriculture, especially in the vineyards, gave rise to

commercial exchange and opportunity for profit and saving. (intense)

Intensification: Sự đẩy mạnh

48. Areas near the frontier were rough and ________ in the old days. (law)

lawless: vô trật tự

49. It is ________ for a teacher to inflict corporal punishment on pupils. (law)

unlawful: trái pháp luật

50. The relation of politics and economy is a ________ of historical gradual progress.

(master)

masterstroke: kì công

51. A builder from South London, McAvoy was the ________ of the robbery (master)

mastermind: người vạch kế hoạch

52. Photographs and ________ that cover the walls and fill several display cases

chronicle the foods this area is famous for. (memory)

memorabilia: những việc đáng ghi nhớ, vật kỉ niệm

53. The three countries have signed a(n) ________ pledging to work together. (memory)

memorandum: bản ghi nhớ

54. Olympic gold medalist Ekaterina Gordeeva is writing a(n) ________ about her life

with Sergei Grinkov, her late husband and figure-skating partner.(memory)

memoir: nhật kí

55. Her first defeat was an early lesson in ________ (humble).

humility: sự khiêm tốn

56. They cannot forget the ________ they suffered at the hands of their oppressors.

(humble).

humiliation: sự bẽ mặt

57. Sales have slowed down quite ________ (mark).

markedly: rõ rệt

58. To the untrained eye, the two flowers look ________ similar. (mark)

remarkably: đáng chú ý, nổi bật

59. Always check the ________ before you buy a secondhand car (mile)

mileage: đồng hồ đo quãng đường di chuyển

60. The invention of the wheel was a(n) ________ in the history of the world. (mile)

milestone: cột mốc quan trọng

61. One ________ lapse in concentration could prove fatal. (moment)

momentary: chốc lát, nhất thời

62. It was in Glasgow, however, that many ________ events were taking place. (moment)

momentous: quan trọng

63. Guy was greedy, ________, obsessed with power and self-gratification. (moral)

amoral: không theo nguyên tắc

64. Capital punishment was regarded as inhuman and ________ (moral)

immoral: vô đạo đức

65. Since their interest in the past was primarily ________, precise knowledge of actual

events and when they happened was not required. (moral)

moralistic: khắc khe về mặt đạo đức

66. A couple of victories would improve the team's ________enormously. (moral)

morale: tinh thần

67. You become ________ when things are not going your way and you can't really see a

way out of it. (moral)

demoralised: bị suy thoái về đạo đức

68. To the audience's ________, the band suddenly stopped playing. (mystical)

mystification: sự bối rối

69. Electric-powered cars are still something of a(n) ________ (novel)

novelty: sự mới lạ

70. Comparisons are simpler to make when ________ data is presented in diagrammatic

form and conclusions are easier to draw from it. (number)

numerical: bằng số

71. ________ pictures have been deemed to contribute to a hostile environment (object)

Objectionable: có thể bị phản đối

72. Personal disinterest in a programme content will help your ________ in assessing its

potential for your public relations purposes. (object)

objectivity: tính khách quan

73. To say that the ________(observe) of this custom or law is sacrilegious or illicit must

be regarded as ________ (error).

observance – erroneous: sự tuân thủ-sai lầm

74. Recent developments in biology have made it possible to acquire more and more

precise information concerning our genetic ________ . Scientists can even today identify

a number of genetic disorders that may cause illness and disease. (make)

genetic make-up: cấu tạo gen

75. Since 1990 the price of sugar has tended to fluctuate more wildly than any of the

other four commodity groups, and has almost ________ been the most expensive relative

to 2002-2004 prices. (vary)

invariably: luôn luôn

76. A dozen international poverty and development organizations published a report last

week on the impact of building new coal power plants in countries where a large

percentage of the population lacks access to electricity. The report’s conclusions are

strikingly ________: on the whole, building coal power plants does little to help the poor,

and often it can actually make them poorer. (intuition)

counter-intuitive: khác thường

77. The scandal surely ________ the end of his political career. (sign)

signals/signalled: báo hiệu

78. He gained ________ for being difficult to work with as an actor. (notorious)

notoriety: tai tiếng

79. Tre Transformer is quite intriguing. It is ________ one of the best movies of the year.

(doubt)

undoubtedly: chắc chắn

80. Her hip has been ________ for quite a while, and she'll probably need surgery on it.

(trouble)

troublesome: phiền

81. Her latest novel is a(n) ________ thriller, set some time in the late 21st century.

(future)

futuristic: hiện đại

82. The new policy only serves to ________ the inadequacy of help for the homeless.

(accent)

accentuate: nhấn mạnh

83. Successful candidates will be required to ________ an induction programme. (take)

undertake: đảm nhận

84. Radio 4 also announced a new ________ of Primo Levi’s short story collection The

Periodic Table, starring Henry Goodman and introduced by Janet Suzman, to be

broadcast in 12 episodes of varying lengths this spring. (drama)

dramatisation: sự chuyển thành kịch

85. In the UK, the ratio of people of working age to people over 65 could fall from 3.7 to

1 in 1999 to 2.1 to 1 in 2040. This suggests a very big increase in the ________ ratio and

is consequently a cause for concern because with current spending pension commitments,

it will place a higher burden on the shrinking working population. (depend)

dependency ratio: tỷ lệ phụ thuộc

86. The UK government has already made tentative steps to raise the retirement age and

increase the role of private sector pensions. These policies will make an ageing

population more ________ (manage).

manageable: dễ quản lí

87. Ian Darkin of One Traveller, which specialises in offering holidays for mature single

travellers, says: “The new generation of ________ (retire) aren’t sitting at home knitting.

Their keenness to experience other countries and cultures is ________ (diminish) with

age.”

retirees – undiminished: người nghỉ hưu-không giảm bớt

88. The UN Security Council unanimously adopted a(n) ________ calling for a halt to

hostilities. (solve)

resolution: sự kiên quyết

89. Environmental degradation is ________ (character) as any change or aggravation to

nature’s turf seen to be pernicious or ________ (desire).

characterized – undesirable: có đặc điểm-gây khó chịu, không mong muốn

90. The United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction describes

environmental degradation as the ________ of the limit of the earth to meet social and

environmental destinations, and needs (less).

lessening: sự giảm đi

91. Humans have destroyed a tenth of Earth’s remaining ________ in the last 25 years

and there may be none left within a century if trends continue, according to an

authoritative new study. (wild)

wilderness: vùng hoang dã

92. Technology has been lauded as a way to free up time for us, yet the reality of an all-

consuming medium often does the reverse. New innovations bring with them a host of

________ consequences, ranging from the troubling to the downright depressing. Social

media makes us lonely. Too much screen-time makes teenagers fall behind their peers.

And at the more feeble end of the spectrum, many of us have walked into an obstacle

while texting. (intend)

unintended: không được dự tính trước

93. Zombies are archetypal monsters from the bottom of the uncanny valley, with their

dead eyes and ________ faces (express).

expressionless: không biểu cảm

94. The terrible scenes were indelibly ________ on his mind (print).

imprinted: in dấu ấn

95. Phyllis Schlafly, the ________ conservative activist who helped defeat the Equal

Rights Amendment in the 1970s, has died. (speak)

outspoken: thẳng thắn

96. The results ________ poor hygiene as one cause of the outbreak. (imply)

implicate: cho thấy

97. The country’s economic crisis had a(n) ________ effect on world markets. (settle)

unsettling: đáng lo

98. The piece, which had been affected by centuries of ________ and grime, was

brought back its former glory by seven conservators from the museum's Hamilton Kerr

Institute. (colour)

discolouration: sự bạc màu

99. The company has established total ________ over its rivals. (supreme)

supremacy: ưu thế tối cao

100 Despite fighting between the government and SPLA rebels, citizens will be allowed

________ (hinder) access to humanitarian aid via "tranquility corrid.

unhindered: không bị cản trở

PRACTICE TEST 3

1. With increasing numbers of people choosing to teach English as a foreign language,

the need to gain a(n) ________ (credit) qualification has never been more important.

accredited: được công nhận

2. A campaign is calling for the reversal of a decision to scrap A-level archaeology -

saying it would cause _______(revoke) harm to the development of future

archaeologists.

irrevocable: không thể thay đổi

3. Sir Adrian was a true gentleman. He was ________ (fail) polite to everyone he met

within the business and was on first name terms with many of them, regardless of where

they worked.

unfailingly: luôn luôn

4. An eight-month inquiry by the all party group on ________ (mind) found frontline

public servants could be less likely to fall ill with stress, or quit altogether, if they engage

in the increasingly popular meditation practice.

mindfulness: chánh niệm

5. ________ (absent) is an issue of growing concern among employers in the UK owing

to changing legislation, but there is virtually no robust data on its direct or indirect costs.

Absenteeism: sự vắng mặt không có lí do chính đáng

6. A decision to allow ________ (hear) evidence in disciplinary proceedings against a

doctor linked to child abuse claims was ________ (law).

hearsay – unlawful: tin đồn-bất hợp pháp

7. Slavoj Žižek was born in communist Yugoslavia in 1949, and received a thorough

grounding in Marxism and the principles of ________ (dialect) materialism.

dialectical: biện chứng

8. Can you make up a(n) ________ (four) for tennis tomorrow?

foursome: đấu cặp

9. These wonderful books ________ (capsule) moments in history in truly unforgettable

ways .

encapsulate: tóm lược

10. Proposals to protect the right of mentally ________ (capacity) people to be involved

in important decisions about their life have been published by the government.

incapacitated: bị làm mất sức lao động

11. Authorities in the US state of Michigan have charged a taxi driver with six counts of

murder after he went on a random shooting spree on Saturday. Jason Brian Dalton, 45,

remained ________ (express) as the charges were read in court on Monday.

expressionless: không biểu cảm

12. Around 40% of jobseekers have been without work for more than one year, the report

says, running "significant risks of ________ (moral), loss of self-esteem and mental

health problems"

demoralization: sự làm mất tinh thần

13. A former migrant has returned home to Senegal after becoming ________ (heart)

with life as an illegal migrant in Spain. After six years, Babacar Dialor Faye never got his

legal documents and had to live on ________ (hand) from the Red Cross.

disheartened – handouts: nản lòng-sự cứu trợ

14. Kids have become ________ (sense) to violence. Someone's been shot, and kids are

playing up and down the streets on their bikes, because they're used to seeing it and that's

also what you see in a war zone.

desensitized: bớt nhạy cảm

15. Parents often favour one child over another and, at its worst, parental________

(favour) can be one of the most profound and damaging emotional dynamics a child ever

encounters. It can affect the rest of their lives.

favouritism: sự thiên vị

16. When Emma was widowed in 1879, she decided to leave her home in Koblenz,

Germany, to start ________ (new) in Glasgow, and settled in the city by 1881.

anew: từ đầu

17. Anti-terrorism police patrol units are to be introduced across London boroughs. This

tactic was endorsed by Lord Harris in his review of London's ________ (prepare) for a

terror attack, commissioned by the mayor.

preparedness: sự chuẩn bị sẵn sàng

18. Reports of memory loss with long-term cannabis use are nothing new, and an

influential paper published last year provided evidence that smoking marijuana has a(n)

________ (delete) effect on intelligence.

deleterious: có hại

19. THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) is the primary psychoactive compound in cannabis and

is what causes the subjective "high". This includes changes in ________ (perceive)

sensations, a feeling of ________ (content) and increased appetite .

perceptual – contentment: thuộc giác quan-sự thỏa mãn

20. Cyanide ________ (toxic) is experienced by humans at doses of around 0.5–3.5

milligrams per kilogram of body weight .

toxicity: tính độc

21. She has become increasingly ________ (opinion) and verbalises her opinions

forcefully without any insight into their effect on others.

opinionated: bảo thủ, ngoan cố

23. ________ who want to fund the restoration of a derelict arts centre in Cheltenham

have pleaded with other bidders to let it become community-run (benefit)

Benefactors: nhà hảo tâm

24. He was a bad influence on the child, who was at a(n) ________ (impress) age.

inpressionable: dễ bị ảnh hưởng

25. Membership talks were launched in 2005, but progress has been slow, as several EU

states have serious ________ about Turkish EU membership. (give)

misgivings: mối nghi ngại

26. He has such great power and yet talked with such ________(humble). There aren’t

many people in politics who are as charismatic as President Obama.

humility: sự khiêm nhường

27. For many people Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827) is the most influential figure in

the history of western classical music. His extraordinary talent was already clearly

evident as a young man, ________ (mercy) surviving a somewhat unconventional

upbringing during which his eccentric father would often force him to take music lessons

in the middle of the night.

mercifully: 1 cách nhân từ, một cách may mắn

28. How often have you seen rich people take to the stress, shouting that they are earning

too much? Protesters are typically blue-collar workers yelling that the minimum page has

to go up, or that their jobs should not go overseas. Concern about ________ (fair) is

always ________(symmetry), stronger in the poor than the rich. And the ________ (lie)

emotions are not as ________(loft) as the ideal itself. Children become

thoroughly________ (indignation) as the slightest discrepancy in, say, the size of their

slice of pizza compared to their sibling’s.

fairness: sự công bằng, asymmetrical: không đều nhau, underlying: cơ sở, cơ bản, lofty:

kiêu kỳ, indignant: căm phẫn

29. Many teachers expressed serious ________ (give) about the new tests.

misgivings: mối lo ngại

30. The price of property in the city is ________ (prohibit)

prohibitive: đắt đỏ

31. ________ is an economic theory which states that a progressively greater level of

consumption is beneficial to the consumers. (consume)

consumerism: chủ nghĩa tiêu dùng

32. If your credit card debt is mounting and yet you can't stop spending, you could be a

________(shop).

shopaholic: nghiện mua sắm

33. The number of people suffering from shopping addiction has . ________ (TAKE) the

number of drug and drink addicts combined.

overtaken: vượt

34. Everyone has heard of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart; few of his son Franz Xaver. A

new CD collection ________ (title) The Other Mozart celebrates Franz's music - in all its

haunting, ________ (melancholy) innocence. The 27 songs are brief slivers of ideas,

________ (develop) shadows of what might have been, reaching a beautiful fulfillment in

the later works. But it is clear that the music never reaches the heights of his genius

father. Franz was the youngest of Mozart's children, and his mother's hopes and

ambitions focused on him following the ________ (mature) death of his father. The very

best teachers were automatically available to Franz's, who made his public debut as a

singer, aged five. The songs bring to light Franz's ________. (piano) accomplishments;

the piano parts are extremely demanding. The songs hint at Franz's love for a woman;

they speak time and again of unattainable love and ________ (fulfil) longing.

________ (realist), however, the fact remains that this music, had it been written by a

composure of any other name, would probably have remained buried in the archives.

entitled: cho quyền, melancholic: u buồn, underdeveloped: chưa phát triển hoàn toàn,

premature: sớm, pianistic: thuộc về piano, unfulfilled: không thành, realistically: thực tế

là

35. The region has several medium-sized towns and cities, but no major ________

(urban)

conurbation: khu thành phố

36. When you're on a cross-country flight, it's tough to tolerate the ________ crying of a

baby. (cease)

incessant: không dứt

37. Our ________ mind registers things which our conscious mind is not aware of.

(conscious)

subconscious: tiềm thức

38. They were now faced with seemingly ________ technical problems (mount).

insurmountable: không thể vượt qua

39. The report should distinguish clearly between ________ fact, firm opinion and mere

speculation (dispute)

indisputable: không thể chối cãi

40. They have become ________, with both sides refusing to compromise any further.

(reconcile)

irreconcilable: không thể giảng hòa

41. Finland’s metalworkers' union chief Riku Aalto has criticised government proposals

to alter nationwide labour conditions as ________and unprofessional (amateur).

amateurish: nghiệp dư

42. His interpretation of the figures is far too ________ (simple)

simplistic: đơn giản

43. The organization insists that it is ________ and does not identify with any one

particular party (politics)

apolitical: phi chính trị

44. The new regulations will be ________ for small businesses. (burden)

burdensome: phiền toái

45 Solon replies that birds like peacocks are ________ in their beauty. (compare)

incomparable: vô song

46. It is ________ to generalize from the results of a single experiment. (advise)

inadvisable: không nên

47. Try not to ________ to criticism (react)

overreact: phản ứng quá mạnh mẽ

48. He was confused and ________ and I didn't get much sense out of him. (cohere)

incoherent: không mạch lạc

49. Gradually she began to notice one or two little ________ in his character. (perfect)

imperfections: sự không hoàn hảo

50. They’re concerned about the ________ of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. (build)

buildup: sự tích tụ

51. Karen has always felt ________ by her famous elder sister. (shadow)

overshadowed: bị làm lu mờ

52. An increasing number of tests are available for detecting foetal ________ (normal).

abnormalities: sự bất bình thường

53. He is currently standing trial for alleged ________ (practice)

malpractices: hành động phi pháp

54. All points on a circle are ________ (distant) from the centre.

equidistant: khoảng cách bằng nhau

55. The worsening situation forced the company to ________ (size) from 39 employees

to 7.

downsize: cắt giảm

56. The new version of the program comes with a much better user ________(face).

interface: giao diện

57. Who will be the main ________ of the cuts in income tax? (benefit)

beneficiary: người được hưởng lợi

58. The parents showed remarkable ________(bear) toward their defiant and unruly son.

forbearance: sự chịu đựng, rộng lượng

59. A(n) ________(mean/menace) has been committed but the offender has not been

caught.

misdemeanour: tội nhẹ

60. I keep getting ________ (contrary) advice - some people tell me to keep it warm and

some tell me to put ice on it.

contradictory: mâu thuẫn

61. He gazed at her with ________ (smell) eyes, wishing she wasn't married.

smouldering/smoldering: âm ỉ

62. He had a(n) ________ (rival) knowledge of south Arabian society, religion, law and

customs.

unrivalled: không gì sánh được

63. The ship is an exact ________ (reply) of the original Golden Hind.

replica: bản sao

64. ________(provide) and expression as well as musical accompaniment of the exercises

plays a central role in the training programme of the Medau-Schule.

Improvisation: sự ứng biến

65. Ariadne herself personifies the passively courageous, endlessly ________(resource),

and ________ (love) restorative element in every psyche.

resourceful – lovingly: tháo vát-yêu thương, âu yếm

66. ________ (brain) on creative tasks has been a major activity in the advertising

business where it began in the 1930s.

Brainstorming: ý kiến bất chợt

67. Abuses of the investigative process may ________(perceive) lead to abridgment of

protected freedoms

imperceptibly: không thể nhận thấy

68. Their contributions to science have earned them a(n) ________ (last) place in history.

everlasting: vĩnh viễn

69. She appeared on television to make a(n) ________ (passion) plea for help.

impassioned: mãnh liệt, dữ dội

70. No one will raise moral psychology of the question of obesity, for fear of sounding

________(passion) and ________(reaction).

uncompassionate – reactionary: tàn nhẫn-phản động

71. We should take a more ________ (passion) view and consider the long-term effects

of Briant's work.

dispassionate: không thiên vị

72. The solutions ________ (compass) a wide range of options to suit all tastes and

pockets.

encompass: xoay quanh

73. He was known to be a loud-mouthed, ________ (opinion) bigot.

opinionated: ngoan cố, khăng khăng giữ ý kiến của mình

74. The aim of the report is to ________ (lucid) the main points of the new regulations.

elucidate: làm sáng tỏ

75. Some things are ________ (alien) true: Water is wet, gra is green (kind of), dogs bark

and houses prices rise

inalienably: không thể thay đổi

76. Jack tried to ________ (one) for his rudeness by sending her some flowers.

atone: chuộc lỗi

77. By 1980 the Republican Party platform had become antiabortion; and a president who

pledged to ________ (law) abortion altogether had been elected.

outlaw: cấm

78. Tootle seems to be essentially a(n) ________ (caution) tale, warning the child to stay

on the narrow road of virtue.

cautionary: để cảnh báo

79. The country's great influence in the world is ________ (proportion) to its relatively

small size.

disproportionate: thiếu cân đối

80. In the US, a school ________ (intend) is in charge of the schools in a particular area.

superintendent: giám thị

81. The demonstrators ________ (brand) banners and shouted slogans.

brandished: nói một loạt

82. He has a(n) ________(can) knack of being able to see immediately where the

problem lies.

uncanny: phi thường, kì lạ

83. Mick was stubborn and ________ (dominate) with a very bad temper.

domineering: độc đoán, hốc hách

84. My profession had an important influence in the formation of my character and

________ (temper).

temperament: tính khí

85. The final whistle was greeted with ________ (triumph) cheers from players and

spectators.

triumphant:chiến thắng, vui mừng

86. She has never traced back her ________ (line), but believes her grandparents were

from Aberdeenshire.

lineage: dòng dõi

87. She was a devout Catholic and, so far as I am aware, ________ (assail/salient)

morally.

unassailable: không thể đánh đổ

88. In the field of ________ (diet), standards of practice have been developed for

practitioners in the field.

dietetics: dinh dưỡng

89. I am afraid I have quite a(n) ________ (incline) to retire on a pension.

disinclination: sự không thích

90. A(n) ________ (reach) and comprehensive strategy, carefully integrated with broader

plans for health care reform, is required.

far-reaching: có ảnh hưởng sâu rộng

91. They're making efforts to streamline their normally ________(cumber) bureaucracy.

cumbersome: phức tạp

92. Trading can be characterized as a pure, ________ (cumber) personal choice with an

immediate outcome.

unencumbered: không lúng túng

93. He's ________(centre), ________(manipulate), insensitive; classic signs of a

personality problem.

self-centred – manipulative: ích kỉ-áp đặt

94. Sometimes a sympathetic friend can be a constant source of discouragement, all

________ (know).

unknowingly: vô tình

95. Some say he was reborn as an undead god, others that he was simply a(n) ________

spirit.

disembodied: tách rời thể xác

96. This book is about people who claim to have ________ (normal) abilities such as ESP

and mind-reading.

paranormal: bất bình thường

97. The refugees slept in ________ (shift) tents at the side of the road.

makeshift: tạm thời

98. The inheritance of ________ (mode) company structures from the past, reinforced by

further concentration, produced very rigid company organisation.

outmoded: lỗi thời

99. In the ________ (mingle) of news and commercials we have a struggle of sorts

between two different orientations.

intermingling: trộn lẫn

100. Two hijackers used fake explosives to _______ (command) the airliner.

commandeer: kiểm soát

PRACTICE TEST 4

A. There are a myriad of lifestyle issues affecting the youth of today. Such is the pressure

heaped on many school-goers to achieve academic excellence by their parents that these

1_______ (real) expectations are causing children to become hopelessly depressed.

Indeed, some, in their 2_______ (despair) to escape and their sense of guilt at being

unable reach the levels of success demanded of them by their 3_______ (push) parents,

either rebel in what is 4_______ (amount) to a cry for help, or, worse still, engage in

5_______ (harm). It is no coincidence that suicide rates, expecially amongst young

males, have been rising steadily for some time now. These are tough times to be a teen.

Then there are those who get hooked on the internet; the 6 _______ (virtue) world

becomes their reality. For these teens, their social circle shrinks 7_______ (drama) until,

at last, their friendship sphere is limited solely to their online 8_______ (bud). Not alone

do they commonly suffer from sleep 9_______ (private) on account of their destructive

addiction to game play and net-surfing, their behaviour may become so 10 _______ (err)

and peculiar over time as to be considered 11_______ (social) . And while they sit at

their computer screens hidden away in splendid isolation from the real world, such is the

lack of exercise they get that their calorie intake far exceeds what is necessary for them to

maintain a stable weight. In essence, due to their sedentary lifestyle, their weight

12_______ (rocket) until such time as they become morbidly obese.

1. unrealistic : phi thực tế 2. desperation: sự tuyệt vọng 3. pushy: thúc ép

4. tantamount: tương đương với 5. self-harm: tự làm hại bản thân 6. virtual: ảo

7. dramatically 8. buddies: bạn 9. deprivation: sự tước đoạt

10. erractic: thất thường 11. antisocial : khó gần gũi 12. skyrockets: tăng mạnh

B. The standard of television programming produced in this country is in terminal

decline. The 1_______ (shed) has become a meaningless term confined in its 2_______

(apply) to 3_______ (go) days when adult content felt the full force of censorship and

was not allowed to appear on the box until after 9:00 p.m. Nowadays, however, it seems

anything goes any time. And, truth told, whatever anything is, it seldom 'goes' for much

longer than a half hour or so at any rate before it is interrupted by a commercial break.

And don't even get me started on those appalling 4_______ (inform) most of the

networks run right the way through the night, one after another, for up to thirty minutes at

a time. lt is truly painful. Terrestrial television is now, as far as I am concerned, a

laughing stock. All the quality has been bought up by the satellite networks, with their

big-money weight behind them, but even here 5_______ (pick) are slim. In protest at the

dire state of things, I have become a converted 6_______ (net). I look to the web now to

find good content. There, I can find just enough 7_______ (run) of quality programmes

to prevent myself from falling into utter despair and pining for the good old days of

8_______ (year).

1. watershed: bước ngoặt 2. applicability: tính có thể ứng dụng

3. bygone: đã qua 4. infomercials: quảng cáo 5. pickings: lợi lộc

6. netizen: dân mạng 7. re-run: sự phát lại 8. yesteryear: quá khứ, năm ngoái

C. In January 2001, the 1_______ (govern) Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) issued its

latest report on climate change. Climate models worked out by giant super-computers had

become far more reliable since the previous report in 1995 and allowed them to

2_______ (praise) the earlier projections for global warming. Their conclusions were that

something very serious is happening and that it cannot be a natural process. The 1990s

was the hottest decade for 1,000 years and the Earth is warming faster than at any time in

the last 10,000 years. According to the report, human activities are 3_______

(equivocate) to blame for the temperature rise. The burning of fossil fuels releases carbon

dioxide and, due to deforestation, there are fewer trees to absorb this gas and recycle it

back into oxygen. Methane 4_______ (concentrate) have also gone up dramatically

because of increases in rice culture and 5_______ (cattle), both of which generate

methane from 6_______ (compose) vegetation. These greenhouses gases trap heat in the

Earth’s atmosphere and cause the temperature to rise. In the worst case, the resulting

melting of ice-caps and glaciers would cause sea levels to rise by up to 88 cm,

endangering the homes and 7_______ (lively) of tens of millions of people who live in

low-lying regions.

Unfortunately, there is far greater 8_______ (unanimous) among the world’s scientists

over the issue than among politicians. As long ago as 1990, the IPCC recommended a

60% reduction in carbon dioxide 9_______ (emit), as the basic level required to return

the planet’s climate to a healthy level. Governments globally failed to 10_______ (act)

these proposals. Now that the dangers have been reaffirmed by the latest report, it is high

time that governments took an active interest in exploring alternative, renewable energy

sources.

1. intergovernmental: nhiều chính phủ 2. reappraise: đánh giá lại 3.unequivocally: rõ

rệt, dứt khoát 4. concentrations: nồng độ

5. cattle(-)raising/ breeding: chăn nuôi gia súc 6. decomposing: phân hủy 7. livelihood:

sinh kế 8. unanimity : sự nhất trí

9. emissions: sự tỏa ra, khí thải 10. enact: ban hành

D. People intuitively recognize the importance of self-esteem to their psychological

health, so it isn't particularly remarkable that most of us try to protect and enhance it in

ourselves whenever possible. What is remarkable is that attention to self-esteem has

become a(n) 1_______ (commune) concern, at least for Americans, who see a favorable

opinion of oneself as the central psychological source from which all manner of positive

outcomes spring. The corollary, that low self-esteem lies at the root of individual and thus

2_______ (society) problems and 3_______ (function), has sustained an ambitious social

agenda for decades. Indeed, campaigns to raise people's sense of self-worth abound.

Consider what transpired in California in the late 1980s. Prodded by State Assemblyman

John Vasconcellos, Governor George Deukmejian set up a task force on self-esteem and

personal and social responsibility. Vasconcellos argued that raising self-esteem in young

people would reduce crime, teen pregnancy, drug abuse, school 4_______ (achieve) and

pollution. At one point, he even expressed the hope that these efforts would one day help

balance the state budget, a prospect predicated on the observation that people with high

5_______ (regard) earn more than others and thus pay more in taxes. Along with its other

activities, the task force assembled a team of scholars to survey the relevant literature.

The results appeared in a 1989 volume 6_______ (title) The Social Importance of Self-

Esteem, which stated that "many, if not most, of the major problems plaguing society

have roots in the low self-esteem of many of the people who make up society." In reality,

the report contained little to support that assertion.

1. communal : công cộng, chung 2. societal : thuộc xã hội 3. dysfunctions : sự

hoạt động khác thường 4. underachievement: sự làm kém, không tốt như mong đợi5.

self-regard : tự trọng 6. entitled: được đặt tên

E. An emerging discipline called neuroaesthetics is seeking to bring scientific 1_______

(objective) to the study of art, and has already given us a better understanding of many

2_______ (master). The blurred 3_______ (image) of Impressionist paintings seems to

stimulate the brain's amygdala, for instance. Since the amygdala plays a crucial role in

our feelings, that finding might explain why many people find these pieces so 4_______

(move).

Could the same approach also shed light on abstract twentieth-century pieces, from

Mondrian's geometrical blocks of colour, to Pollock's 5_______(seem) haphazard

arrangements of splashed paint on canvas? 6_______ (sceptical) believe that people

claim to like such works simply because they are famous. We certainly do have an

inclination to follow the crowd. When asked to make simple 7_______ (perceive)

decisions such as matching a shape to its rotated image, for example, people often choose

a definitively wrong answer if they see others doing the same. It is easy to imagine that

this 8_______ (mental) would have even more impact on a fuzzy concept like art

appreciation, where there is no right or wrong answer.

1. objectivity: tính khách quan 2. masterpieces: kiệt tác 3.imagery : hình tượng

4.moving: cảm động

5. seemingly: có vẻ 6. skeptics: những người hoài nghi 7.

perceptual : thuộc tri giác, cảm giác 8. mentality: tâm lí

F. Pop art was a(n) 1_______ (convention) art style in which 2_______ (common)

objects such as comic strips, soup cans and road signs were used as subject matter, and

were often incorporated into the work. The pop art movement was largely a British and

American cultural phenomenon of the late 1950s and ‘60s. Art critic Lawrence Alloway,

referring to the prosaic 3_______ (icon) of its painting and sculpture, named the

movement pop art. It represented an attempt to return to a more objective and 4_______

(universe) accepted form of art after the dominance in both the United States and Europe

of the highly personal abstract 5_______ (express). The art form was iconoclastic,

rejecting the 6_______ (supreme) of the ‘high art’ of the past and the 7_______ (pretend)

of other contemporary avant-garde art. Pop art became a cultural institution because of its

close reflection of a particular social situation and because its easily 8_______

(comprehend) images were immediately exploited by the mass media. Although the

critics of pop art describe it as sensational and non-aesthetic, its proponents saw it as an

art that was democratic and not 9_______ (discriminate), bringing together both

connoisseurs and untrained inexperienced viewers. Even though public reaction to pop art

was 10_______ (favour), it found critical acceptance as a form of art suited to the highly

technological, mass media-oriented society of western countries.

1. unconventional: trái với thường lệ 2. commonplace : tầm thường, quen thuộc

3. iconography: sự mô tả bằng hình tượng

4. universally: toàn cầu 5. expressionism : chủ nghĩa biểu hiện 6.

supremacy: uy quyền

7. pretentiousness: sự phô trương, khoe khoang 8. comprehensible: có thể hiểu

được 9. discriminatory: phân biệt đối xử

10. unfavourable: không có ích

G. The comedy Bringing Up Baby, on the other hand, presents practically non-stop

dialogue delivered at 1_______ (neck) speed. This use of dialogue 2_______ (score) not

only the dizzy quality of the character played by Katherine Hepburn, but also the

3_______ (absurd) of the film itself and thus its humor. The audience is bounced from

gag to gag and conversation to conversation; there is no time for audience reflection. The

audience is caught up in a(n) 4_______ (wind) of activity in simply managing to follow

the plot. This film presents pure 5______ (escape) - largely due to its frenetic dialogue.

1. breakneck: nguy hiểm 2. underscores: nhấn mạnh 3. absurdity: điều vô lí

4. whirlwind: cơn lốc 5. escapism: sự thoát li thực tế

PRACTICE TEST 4

1. This place is an ___________ zone, which is restricted to people who work in the

Parliamentary House only. (EXCLUDE)

exclusionary: cấm vào

2. He was ___________ by the darkness and got lost in the forest. (NIGHT)

benighted: dốt nát

3. He was ___________ with intelligence but he tried hard to make up for it. (ENDOW)

unendowed: không được trời phú

4. Any ___________ gimmicks are forbidden in this competition. (MALICE)

malicious: hiểm độc

5. Surely all women must have ___________ instinct or the human race would die out.

(MOTHER)

maternal: thuộc về mẹ

6. Putting up with noise coming from the neighbor is probably the most ____________

thing. (TO)

untoward: bất tiện

7. The leader was taken into custody, which brought an end to the _____________.

(SURGE)

insurgency: sự nổi loạn

8. The spectacular view of Sa Pa has _____________ many visitors. (RAPTURE)

enraptured: làm thích thú

9. Andy has received such _____________ fame after he tried himself in the school’s

play. (WONT)

unwonted: hiếm thấy

10. The aridity in that area _____________ a poor crop. (TOKEN)

betokens: là biểu hiện của

11. Some people argue that money has _____________ football. (BASE)

debased: làm giảm giá trị

12. This remote village bore the _____________ of the storm. (PREDATOR)

depredation: sự đánh phá

113. “People” is a ____________ word. (SYLLABLE)

disyllabic: gồm 2 âm tiết

14. The young boy was _____________ by the two men who then asked the innocent for

money. (WAY)

waylaid: đón đường

15. Taking that old lady for a ride is _____________. (CONSCIENCE)

unconscionable: phi lý

16. To achieve the _____________ logic, you have to employ certain techniques of using

connectives like ‘and’, ‘or’ in the right place within the sentence. (SENTENCE)

sentential: cách ngôn

17. This chair is almost too ____________, so replace it with a new one! (ANNUAL)

superannuated: quá cũ

18. Underground nuclear _____________ are believed to have been carried out. (NOTE)

denotations: dấu hiệu

19. The opponents of nuclear power may object to the scheme for some ______________

reasons. (MENTION)

undermentioned: được nên bên dưới

20. Every point in his speech is _____________, which allows the audience to follow

easily. (PERSPEX)

perspicuous: rõ ràng

21. The ______________ is used to measured the smallest things! (MICRO)

micrometer: vi kế

22. His ______________ talking annoys the teachers a lot. (TERMINAL)

interminable: liên miên

23. Many ______________ policies have come into force to boost the economic

development. (BUSINESS)

pro-business: tốt cho doanh nghiệp

24. A(n) _____________ schedule assists me in passing the day smoothly. (ARRANGE)

prearranged: đặt trước

25. Allowing yourself anything you like makes you a ____________ figure. (INDULGE)

self-indulgent: tự nuông chiều

26. Mary ______________ with her husband about his budget this month.

(POSTULATE)

expostulated: phản đối

27. It is impossible to _______________ his excellence at work. (SAY)

gainsay: phủ nhận

28. People in coastal area live mainy on the ______________, which allows them to earn

a great deal of money from the sea products (CULTURE)

aquaculture: sự trồng trên nước

29. People felt a great pity for the time spent to see such a(n) _____________ film.

(ABYSS)

abysmal: cực kì xấu

30. Every book has a ______________ including what the authors say about their

masterpiece. (WORD)

foreword: lời nói đầu

31. I cannot imagine why there are such ______________ people in this world. Don’t

they feel any sympathy for the homeless? (HEART)

hard-hearted: nhẫn tâm

32. I will bring my unbrella along on the _____________ that it rains. (CHANCE)

offchance: ít khả năng

33. The dramatic decrease in the ________________ of this factory can be a direct result

of underpayment. (PUT)

throughput: lưu lượng

34. The contaminated drinking water in Flint, Michigan can cause ______________

consequences. (LIFE)

lifelong: cả đời

35. It is a _____________ fact that the vegeterian sausages were invented during World

War I. (KNOW)

little-known: ít được biết tới

36. His recent unpredictable mood ____________ him from his friends. (STRANGE)

estranges: li gián, làm xa cách

37. I was ______________ and fell in love with her immediately at first sight. (LOVE)

lovestruck: bị tiếng sét ái tình

38. The camera must be clean with a soft ____________ cloth. Otherwise, the water will

permeate and cause damage. (WRING)

well-wrung: được vắt kĩ

39. His recent ups and downs made the criminal more ____________ than ever. (BITE)

hard-bitten: chai lì

40. John Cena used to be in his _____________ in WWE but since his dislocation, he had

to leave for operation and it would take him a long time to make a full recovery. (DAY)

heyday: thời hoàng kim

41. Bats use ______________ to navigate in the dark when hunting prey. (LOCATION)

echolocation: tiếng vang

42. He was lying, indicated by the _______________ sign that his hands were shivering.

(TELL)

tell-tale: làm lộ

43. Thanks to the _____________ at the bottom of the page, the Chinese-VietNamese

poem becomes more accessible. (NOTE)

footnote/annotation: chú thích

44. The dog seems rather _______________; it must not have been fed for days. (SEE)

unsightly: không ưa nhìn

45. ________________ injection is the most common way to inject drugs. (VEIN)

intravenous: trong tĩnh mạch

46. _________________ medication brings about a quick relief but it is not

recommended for long-term treatment. (ACT)

short-acting: trong thời gian ngắn

47. Ivan’s camera now ________________ because he carelessly dropped it into the

pool. (FUNCTION)

malfunctions: không hoạt động được

48. Mary told the doctor about her stomach’s ________________. It didn’t seem to work

properly. (FUNCTION)

dysfunction: sự hoạt động khác thường

49. A cock roach can continue to live for a few days even if it is ________________.

(CAPITA)

decapitated: bị cắt phần ngọn, phần đầu

50. Their house is decorated in such a _________________ way so that it fit in with other

houses. (DESCRIBE)

nondescript: thông thường, bình dân

51. ________________ people are strong and healthy ones who can make a living on

their own. (BODY)

able-bodied: cơ thể khỏe mạnh

52. I spent the whole evening _______________ my messy house. (CLUTTER)

decluttering: dọn dẹp

53. Remember to read every _______________ in the contract because it can be a trap

for the unwary. (PRINT)

small-print: phần in chữ nhỏ

54. I did my project in my own way, not in a ________________ one. (TREAD)

well-trodden: nhiều người

55. From six o’clock _______________, I’m home! (ON)

onwards: kể từ

56. Some of the ________________ and __________________ regions in Somalia have

adopted distinctive symbols , including flags, while others continue to use the Somali

flag. (DEPEND/AUTONOMY)

quasi-independent/semi autonomous: gần như độc lập

57. A(n) _________________ disease is one that will gradually deteriorate the

functioning of any one part in your body. (GENERATE)

degenerative: suy thoái

58. It is widely known that judges have _________________ powers. (DISCRETION)

discretionary: tự do theo ý mình

59. The little boy left his hand-made boat _______________ on the river. (DRIFT)

adrift: trôi giạt

60. The students are ________________ seperated into differnt classes. (QUALIFY)

qualitatively: định tính

61. He suffered from headaches as an _______________ of his accident. (AFFECT)

aftereffect: di chứng

62. The renown that Michael Jackson gained for himself is almost ________________.

(SUPERIOR)

insuperable: không thể vượt qua

63. Viet Nam used to be ________________ into two seperate areas, with the border

being Gianh river. (MASS)

demassified: chia ra

64. The walls were _________________ with colors, which make it so beautiful.

(STRIPE)

striated: có sọc

65. A bottle of cooled water had __________________ effects on us after a long walk.

(VIGOR)

invigorating: làm phấn khởi lên

66. Hand ________________ is accused of including BBA, which can cause many health

problems. (SANITARY)

sanitizer: phương tiện sát trùng

67. Their trouble is __________________. They themselves made the situation worse.

(INFLICT)

self-inflicting: tự gây ra

68. The _________________ inside our bodies is a complex system. (MUSCLE)

musculature: hệ thống cơ

69. I do not understand why Adriana was so ________________ at last night’s party. She

is usually clever and tactical when meeting people. (ADROIT)

maladroit: vụng về

70. Viet Nam went through _________________ process and became an independent

country. (COLONY)

decolonisation: phi thực dân hóa

PRACTICE TEST 5

1. The act of _________ should be prohibited under any circumstances. Everyone all has

equal rights to vote. (FRANCHISE)

disenfranchisement: sự tước quyền công dân

2. The boss ordered his staff to be ________ with each other in dealing with the

company's end-of-year burden. (LABOR)

collaborative: cộng tác

3. It is such a _________ story that the mom lost her child when her family immigrated

from Africa into Europe. (LUCK)

hard-luck: cảm động

4. The mayor was determined that he would do everything in his power to _________ the

murder case. (MYSTERY)

demystify: làm rõ

5. The government stressed it was not abandoning its tough __________ policies.

(INFLATE)

anti-inflationary: chống lạm phát

6. The woman detected her ________ conditions soon after she felt ill in her body.

(CANCER)

precancerous: báo trước bệnh ung thư

7. I cast my eyes ________ and saw the geese flying in V-line. (HEAVEN)

heavenwards: về phía chân trời

8. ________ programs are offered to those who want to do professional training while

being paid to work. (SERVICE)

In-service: đang thực hiện

9. It is inhumane to sell ________ limbs of the animals, such as rhinoceros or elephants,

in the market place. (MEMBER)

dismembered: chia thành từng phần, cắt thành từng phần

10. He was regarded as a _______ winner as he beat his opponents in three straight sets.

(RUN)

runaway: nhanh, dễ dàng

11. Although some hold out hope for a sea wall and land reclamation programme, it is

admittedly nothing more than a mere ________ (STOP)

stopgap: sự thay thế tạm thời

12. A(n) ________ is implanted in the body to prop up the heart. (MAKE)

pacemaker: máy điều hòa nhịp tim

13. She is ________ gorgeous in that gown. (DIE)

drop-dead: bất thần

14. His behavior at the party was _________, which went beyond everyone's

expectations. (ERR)

aberrant: khác thường

15. The advent of computers was one of the _________ milestones in the mankind's

history. (NOTE)

noteworthy: đáng chú ý

16. His condition was so serious _________ as he had to stay in hospital for a month.

(MUCH)

inasmuch: bởi vì

17. Pending the _________ of KFC, the manager had to catch up on a huge number of

backlogs. (TAKE)

takeover: quyền tiếp quản

18. It is __________ to be waken up by the noisy music from the neighbor's house. (IRK)

irksome: annoying

19. Like many other __________ of my age, I dread to use hi-tech gears. (TECHNICAL)

technophobes: người sợ công nghệ

20. Bacteria derived from __________ disease can be contagious among people having

reciprocal contact. (MENINGES)

meningitic: viêm màng não

21. The woman is getting older. She is now in the __________ year of her age. (LIGHT)

twilight: tuổi xế chiều

22. Chemicals are easily __________ if they are laid open in the atmosphere for a long

time. (ACTION)

deactivated: không hoạt động

23. The spectators booed as the referee did not disallow the _______ goal. (SIDE)

offside: việt vị

24. The government must work at full tilt to promote the economy and reduce the

________. (EFFICIENT)

deficits: số tiền thiếu hụt

25. The Earth is experiencing a major ________ in the climate. (HEAVE)

upheaval: chuyển biến

26. My ________ is the unique thing that distinguishes me from others. (MARK)

birthmark: vết bớt

27. Children who grow up in peace tend to be more ________ than those who grow up in

war. (ADAPT)

maladapted: không thích nghi

28. My mother ________ me a great deal of encouragement after I got bad grades in my

exam. (VOUCH)

vouchsafed: dành, ban phát

29. He is a(n) ________ man. He does not gain any ground in his family. (WILL)

weak-willed: yếu đuối, thiếu ý chí

30. You can look at the ________ of this Chinese book to see the elucidation of these

new words. (ADD)

addendum: phụ lục

31. The reaction that occurs within the cell is called _________ reaction. (CELL)

intracellular: nội bào

32. He was ________ from the hustle and bustle of life since he moved to this rural area.

(TANGLE)

disentangled: thoát khỏi cảnh rối rắm

33. I ________ over whether to go abroad or not. (SHALL)

shilly-shally: do dự

34. Many people nowadays want to indulge themselves in ________ industries such as

finance and the like. (KNOW)

knowledge-based: dựa vào tri thức

35. Please accept this ________ as a reminder of your stay here. (REMEMBER)

memento: vật lưu niệm

36. A(n) ________ is the one who turns into wolf during full moon. (WOLF)

werewolf: ma sói

37. Nitrogen oxide is a(n) ________ compound of oxygen and nitrogen. (ATOM)

biatomic: lưỡng nguyên tử

38. The story broadens the horizon of the children about their _______. (BEAR)

forebears: tổ tiên

39. I met my old friend at the supermarket this morning, which was quite ________.

(FORTUNE)

fortuitous: tình cờ

40. The mall has intrigued a great number of visitors since it was ________ last month.

(GRAND)

aggrandized: mở rộng

41. She cast her eyes ________ and saw a mysterious man looking at her. (STREET)

streetwards: về phía con đường

42. The girl excelled herself at the exam and came ________ to the two boys. (THREE)

tertiary: thứ ba

43. Scientists from Russia, America and Japan have recently filled the periodic table’s

seventh row with four _________ chemical elements. (HEAVE)

superheavy: siêu nặng

44. It is a misconception that _________ human blood is blue. (OXYGEN)

deoxygenated: mất hết oxy

45. The house is painted in such a(n) _________ style. (SAVOUR)

unsavoury: nhạt nhẽo, vô vị

46. In this modern day, you have to keep yourself _________ so as not to lag behind

others. (DATE)

uptodate: bắt kịp thời đại

47. This book is _________. You can find information about the varieties of plants

around the world here. (EMBRACE)

all-embracing: bao gồm tất cả

48. The little rainfall ________ a poor crop for farmers in this village. (BODE)

foreboded: dự báo

49. That word is such a(n) ________. It is not easy to pronounce at all. (JAW)

jawbreaker: từ khó phát âm

50. _________ and disinfectants are widely used in hospital to kill the bacteria. (SEPTIC)

antiseptics: chất khử trùng

51. Due to the prolonged _________, the goods arrived later than we had expected.

(CONTAIN)

containerization: sự cho hàng vào container

52. Found in ________ condition, the house is intended to be demolished. (DOWN)

run-down: xuống cấp, tồi tệ

53. ________ of violence has been possible by means of television. (DOCTRINE)

Indoctrination: sự truyền bá

54. He laid his desk _________. It is untidily filled with all kinds of stuff. (HEAP)

aheap: ngổn ngang

55. It is ________ that he will press ahead with his project. Nothing can prevent him.

(ODD)

odds-on: chắc chắn

56. X-rays, known as a form of ________, are widely utilized nowadays to diagnose

medical conditions. (RADIAL)

irradiation: bức xạ

57. His misunderstanding of the situation resulted in his _________. Everyone could

make out the embarassing remarks on his face. (COMPOSE)

discomposure: sự mất bình tĩnh

58. The minister _________ the fight against hunger in his opening speech. (ACCENT)

accentuated: nhấn mạnh

59. Even the most _________ equipment cannot replace the role of the teachers in the

future. (ART)

state-of-the-art: công nghệ hiện đại

60. America is considered one of the biggest _________ in the world. (POWER)

superpowers: cường quốc

61. The water ________ in the building is of great concern. It can damage the walls if not

managed properly and timely. (FILL)

infiltration: sự thấm qua

62. He took off his hat and a pigeon flew out. It was ________ a trick. (GUILE)

beguilingly: lí thú

63. In a _________ manner, he stepped into the room and shouted at the top of his voice.

(DOUBT)

redoubtable: đáng sợ

64. You should not assess a situation from such a(n) ________ side. (LATERAL)

unilateral: đơn phương

65. The homless woman pleaded for a shelter from the rain in a(n) _________ tone.

(PASSION)

impassioned: say sưa, mãnh liệt

66. The man reported than he had seen a(n) _________ object, which might well be a

UFO. (EGG)

egg-shaped: có hình quả trứng

67. The coal cellar needs to be equipped with _________ system in order to prevent

suffocation. (VENT)

ventilation: hệ thống thông gió

68. The advent of Internet is an important __________ in human history. (MARK)

landmark: bước ngoặc

69. His face showed the remark of _________ even when we were talking about

seriously. ( FLIP)

flippancies: sự xấc xược

70. What you know is rather __________. And it is unfair to judge just through a cursory

glance. (FACIES)

superficial: nông cạn

71. Moving _________ is moving in a direction opposite to the direction the hands of the

clock moves. (CLOCK)

counterclockwise/anticlockwise: ngược chiều kim đồng hồ

72. Reta is studying animal __________ at the Oxford university. (GENE)

genomics: bộ gen

73. The crews fortuitously dicovered a __________ in the ship’s cool chamber. (STOW)

stowaway: người đi lậu vé

74. The man was _________ on a medal for bravely taking a child out of the burning

house. (STOW)

bestowed: ban tặng

75. The report has _________ the cause of global warming in the past decades. (POINT)

pinpointed: chỉ ra

76. It may take more than a month to deliver our car from Germany to VietNam as it is

_________. (SHIP)

shipborne: chở trên tàu

77. “Titanic” is an example of _________ romance. (SHIP)

shipboard: trên tàu

78. The machine cannot work properly as a direct result of _________. (ALIGN)

misalignment: sự sắp xếp sai

79. There used to be a __________ in Quang Tri, whose remains now become a historical

site. (HOLD)

stronghold: pháo đài, đồn lũy

80. Andy was ___________ from the volunteer group due to his poor attitude.

(COMMUNICATE)

excommunicated: bị đẩy ra khỏi

81. I was so ____________ that even a spider scared me. (KNEE)

weak-kneed: yếu ớt

82. The government ____________ its responsibility in the leakage of confidential

information. (NEGATE)

abnegated: từ chối

83. Try not to be ___________ even if you are tremendously successful. (VAIN)

vainglorious: khoe khoang

84. Bob is a(n) ___________ of an intelligent student. (TYPE)

archetype: hình mẫu

85. The goverment’s policy to soothe the anger among people was ___________. It

should have happened earlier. (CHRONOLOGY)

anachronistic: sai thời điểm

86. Tom’s collection is such a(n) ___________. There is no connection between things.

(MASH)

mish-mash: mớ hỗn độn

87. I was completely ___________ by the fact that he was going to get married. (MUSE)

bemused: làm sửng sốt

88. Sleeping during day and working when night comes sounds seemingly __________.

(SCIENCE)

antiscientific: phản khoa học

89. I question whether a spectacle so fantastic and impressive was ever dealtwith, even in

the pages of __________ fiction. (SCIENCE)

quasiscientific: có vẻ mang tính khoa học

90. Adam’s gait is a(n) __________ for his strong personality. (WORD)

byword: điển hình

91. The apricot blossom __________ during spring. (GERM)

germinates: nảy mầm

92. In an _________ world, people have to change to get into the swing of the

environment. (EVOLVE)

ever-evolving: luôn thay đổi

93. I __________ the distance from my house to the Ann’s hospital and arrived there

rather late. (RECK)

misreckoned: tính sai

94. Harry Porter’s personality is successfully ___________ by J.K.Rowling throughout

her series. (LINE)

delineated: mô tả

95. Your __________ saying last night could hurt other people’s feelings although you

might not intend to say so. (SENSE)

insensate: vô cảm

96. What Thuy Minh said has provoked violent __________ from critics as well as

celebrities. (BLAST)

counterblast: sự phản đối

97. You are becoming a(n) ___________. Just go outside and see what happens. (LAY)

layabout: người vô công rỗi nghề

98. A ___________ is an instrument that separates light into a frequency spectrum and

records the signal using a camera. (SPECTRUM)

spectrograph: máy quang phổ

99. Cindy showed ___________ support at Josh’s project. She always believes him.

(FALTER)

unfaltering: không nao núng

100. This place is an ___________ zone, which is restricted to people who work in the

Parliamentary House only. (EXCLUDE)

exclusionary: không cho vào

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P1: WORD FORMATION
1. Administrative staff may be _______ through increased automation and efficiency. (SKILL)
deskilled: to reduce the amount of skill that is needed to do a particular job
2. The changes are _______, and will not produce a noticeable effect for 15 to 20 years. (INSIDE)
insidious: ẩn khuất bên trong
3. _______ students could understand easily what the teacher explained to them. (BRAIN) brainy: thông minh
4. Once a person has attained _______ status in the eyes of the world, it is very hard to break it. (TYPE)
archetypal: nguyên mẫu, không thay đổi
5. Fatigue and boredom combine to cause _______ - one of the biggest reasons people quit. (BURN)
burnout: tình trạng kiệt sức
6. After the recent scandal, he faces a(n) _______ struggle to win back public support before the next election. (HILL) uphill: khó khăn
7. The figure of total group _______ exactly balances out with the total income. (GO) outgoings: chi tiêu
8. His book is about Shakespeare's style without getting too involved in the _______ of
Shakespeare's language. (MINUTE)
minutiae: chi tiết (số nhiều)
9. The religious conservatives are not _______ of the West and its values. (AMOUR) enamoured: yêu thích
10. It is said that one woman in five is a(n) _______. Today, pressure usually pushes millions of
women to buy beyond their means as an outlet for their frustration. (SHOP)
shopaholic: người nghiện mua sắm
11. A conservation focus on preserving ecosystems not only saves large numbers of species
(including ___________(CHARISMA) species that do not receive public support) but also
preserves the support systems that maintain life.
non-charismatic: thiếu sức hút
12. The one thing that can be said in favour is that it sends vegans and animal rights activists
___________ (CANDLE) with rage.
incandescent with rage: đầy giận dữ
13. Jargon is a loaded word. One dictionary defined it, neatly and neutrally, as ‘the technical
vocabulary or idiom of a special activity or group’, but this sense is almost completely
overshadowed by another: ‘obscure and often ___________ (PRETEND) language marked by a
___________ (ROUND) way of expression and use of long words’. It is an essential part of the
network of occupations and pursuits that make up society. It is also the chief linguistic element
which shows professional awareness (‘know-how’) and social ___________ (TOGETHER) (‘shoptalk’).
If jargon is so essential a part of our lives, why then has it had such a bad press? The most
important reason stems from the way jargon can exclude as well as include. We may not be too
concerned if we find ourselves faced with a(n) ___________ (PENETRATE) wall of jargon
when the subject matter has little perceived relevance to our everyday lives, as in the case of
___________ (HYDRO), say, or linguistics. But when the subject matter is one where we feel
implicated, and think we have a right to know, and the speaker uses words which make it hard
for us to understand, then we start to complain; and if we suspect that the obfuscation is
deliberate policy, we ___________ (RESERVE) condemn, labelling it gobbledegook and
calling down public derision upon it.
No area is exempt, but the fields of advertising, politics and defence have been especially
criticized in recent years by the various campaigns for Plain English. In these domains, the extent
to which people are prepared to use jargon to hide realities is a ready source of amusement,
disbelief and horror. A lie is a lie, which can be only temporarily hidden by calling it an
‘___________ (OPERATE) statement’ or ‘an instance of plausible ___________ (DENY)’. Nor
can a nuclear plant explosion be suppressed for long behind such phrases as ‘energetic
___________ (ASSEMBLE) ’, ‘abnormal evolution’ or ‘plant ___________ (TRANSIT) ’.
pretentious – roundabout – togetherness – impenetrable – hydrology – unreservedly – inoperative
- undeniability – disassembly – transient
14. The manifesto is long-winded, ___________ and often ambiguous or poorly drafted. (REPEAT)
repetitious: involving something that is often repeated, in a way that becomes boring.
15. He mistrusted ravishment by charm, spiritual appeal, force, wit or other ___________. (BLAND)
blandishments: lời a dua, nịnh hót
16. Apart from a few fanatics, there was a general ___________ to apply the laws directed against them. (INCLINE)
disinclination: sự không mong muốn
17. Tests at the age of seven provide a ___________ against which the child's progress at school can be measured. (MARK)
benchmark: tiêu chuẩn để đánh giá, so sánh
18. They were an average family living a boring life in a(n) ___________ little house in the suburbs. (DESCRIBE)
nondescript: bình thường, không có gì nổi bật.
19. She has written a(n) ___________ account of the modern art world. (SEE) insightful: sâu sắc
20. The competition challenges students around the world to come up an innovative and
___________ business gift. (TREND)
trendsetting: khởi xướng 1 xu hướng mới
21. Lisette came back from holiday in New York with a(n) ___________ asymmetric haircut. (TREND) trendy: hợp mốt
22. He tends to adopt a(n) ___________ manner when talking to young women. (DESCEND)
condescending: xem thường, trịch thượng
23. The motive behind such words is austere rather than ___________. (SNOB)
snobbish: trịch thượng, tự cao
26. She was sitting apart from those who had once been her friends, her eyes ___________ and her cheeks blazing. (DOWN)
downcast: buốn bã, chán nản
27. Then Alvin endured a long, ___________wait for a flight back to New York late that night. (SPIRIT)
dispirited: xuống tinh thần
28. Berlusconi was ___________ by Travaglio's claim that he had colluded with the Mafia. (RAGE) enraged: vô cùng giận dữ
29. They can be ___________ and hypersensitive to rejection, and their social skills are, as yet, underdeveloped. (TOUCH) touchy: nhạy cảm
30. Everyone was in a fairly constant state of ___________ anticipation and nervousness throughout the tour. (EDGE) edgy: căng thẳng
31. The potential for a recession across most regions of the world will have ramifications for the
prospects of expatriates in ___________ employment. (GAIN) gainful: có lợi nhuận
32. In the past, the majority of women were consigned to a lifetime of ___________ and poverty. (SERVE)
servitude: thân phận phục dịch, tôi tớ
33. A(n) ___________ ensued at the lab, and Angeli was convicted this week of disorderly
conduct and malicious destruction of property. (ALTER) altercation: cuộc tranh cãi
34. This had all the makings of another long-running ___________ dispute, when again wider
political events quite unexpectedly overtook the controversy. (ACRID) acrimonious: gay gắt
35. The ___________ of the community to the king is evident and reflects perhaps the
resentment of a dependent people. (ANIMUS) animosity: sự thù địch
36. She had enjoyed the ___________ of colleagues, and the mild flirtation which often underlay it. (COMRADE)
camaraderie: tình bằng hữu
37. She used her ___________ skills to get along with her remote grandfather, who provided so
little company for her grandmother. (RECONCILE) conciliatory: hòa giải
38. Although a number of concessions helped ___________ minority nationalists, the most
militant remained unreconciled. (PACE) pacify: xoa dịu
39. It encouraged experimenters to propose ___________ or novel approaches to problems. (BEAT) offbeat: khác lạ
40. The Qin's extremism was also its ___________ and it was soon replaced by the more
enduring Han dynasty, which sought compromise with aristocratic elites and legitimation
through a revived Confucianism. (DO) undoing: lý do thất bại
41. In spite of his overnight ___________ he still manages to keep his feet on the ground. (STAR) stardom: vị thế ngôi sao
42. He was a modest and ___________ man who never gave the impression that he knew all the answers. (ASSUME) unassuming: khiêm tốn
43. Barry worried that working for a woman would ___________ him in his girlfriend's eyes. (masculine)
emasculate: làm suy yếu, làm ai đó trở nên yếu đuối
44. For all his reclusiveness, moreover, Mr. Salinger has none of the sage's ___________; his
manner is a big and showy one, given to tours-de-force and to large emotional gestures. (FACE) self-effacement: khiêm tốn
45. These side effects have forced researchers to seek alternative medications to ___________,
augment or delay traditional therapy. (PLANT) supplant: thay thế
46. The government is facing an angry ___________ from voters over the new tax. (LASH)
backlash: phản ứng dữ dội
47. While parents provide a ___________ for many women in poverty, they are not always an
unproblematic source of help. (LINE) lifeline: phao cứu sinh
48. Is there any news about the _______ at the central bank this morning? (HOLD) hold-up : vụ cướp
49. Geogre said it was the worst film he had seen in ages, but it got an excellent _______ in the
press. I think we should go and see it. (WRITE)
write-up: bài phê bình, đánh giá trên báo
50. The House of Representatives approved the budget, with 52 votes in favour, 16 against and 12 _______ (ABSTAIN)
abstentions: bỏ phiếu trắng
51. They were enraged at the _______ of a policeman accused of murder. (ACQUIT)
acquittal: tuyên bố vô tội (tòa án)
52. The individuality, immediacy and _______ in computer games satisfy the needs from these people. (MIMIC) mimicry: sự bắt chước
53. His cartoons _______ lampooned the leading politicians of his time. (MERCY)
mercilessly: không thương tiếc
54. We are disappointed by her approaching this matter so _______. (AMATEUR)
amateurishly: một cách nghiệp dư
55. It was sheer _______ to try to drive through the mountains in that thunderstorm. (SANE) insanity: tâm thần
56. He is a totally _______ person who deliberately defies all standards. (MORAL)
amoral: coi thường luân lý
57. The _______ nations carved up the defeated country into several parts,each taking an equal share. (VICTORY) victorious: chiến thắng
58. They have a duty to set the record straight, otherwise they are conniving at _______. (FALSE)
falsehood: hành động sai trái
59. Cancer is perceived as a heterogeneous group of diseases that is characterized by _______
patterns of gene expression. (ERR) aberrant: khác thường
60. She did not reply, but sat with crimson cheeks and _______ eyes. (CAST) downcast: buồn bã
61. I've been hearing about your _______ reputation for a long time, and greatly respect you. (BLEMISH) unblemished: không tì vết
62. The national orchestra gave a(n) _______ performance of classic music. (ELECTRIC)
electrifying: hào hứng, thú vị
63. The law is vulnerable to being manipulated or abused to serve injustice, and vulture lawyers
simply rape the law and prostitute justice to serve the _______ and guilty for profit. (SCRUPLE) unscrupulous: gian xảo
64. While such mentalistic constructions may sound _______ at first sight, they are justified in three ways. (PLAUDIT)
implausible: không thuyết phục, không hợp lý
65. If you are a reckless, unrestrained and emotionally _______ person, you are more likely to lose your future. (IMPEL) impulsive: bốc đồng
66. Emmanuel suffered a(n) _______ two weeks later and was taken to the hospital shackled and handcuffed. (CARRY) miscarriage: sẩy thai
67. There was an embarrassing silence after her _______ remark but she was able to laugh it off. (DISCERN)
indiscreet: bừa bãi, không cẩn thận
68. His lack of qualifications was taken as a sign of a(n) _______ youth. (SPEND) misspent: sai lầm
69. Psychologists are dealing with the problem of _______ adolescence and " juvenile delinquency ". (ADJUST) maladjusted: khó uốn nắn
70. After the Soviet Union _______ in 1991, the protests escalated into war. (INTEGRATE) disintegrated: tan rã
71. The _______ happened in thick fog and caused a seven-mile tailback on the motorway. (PILE)
pile-up: tai nạn giao thông liên hoàn
72. I had a(n) _______ time reading your latest article about the Western moron who cheated on
his Chinese wife and subsequently got himself pretty roughed up by her paid muscle. (WRACK)
nerve-wracking: căng thẳng đầu óc
73. We had to listen to another of his _______ stories of his days as a soldier. (TERMINATE)
interminable: dài lê thê, buồn tẻ
74. There is a(n) _______ resemblance between this reasoning and that which had earlier led
John Dalton to an atomic theory of chemistry. (CAN) uncanny: bất thường
75. The scan shown here indicates _______ metabolism and blood flow in the brain's emotional center. (FUNCTION)
dysfunctional: rối loạn chức năng
76. The children were _______ at the thought of going to the seaside on holiday. (JOY) overjoyed: mừng rỡ
77. Alvin met the genial master poet Langston Hughes, who became a lifelong friend and _______. (CONFIDE) confidant: tri kỷ
78. A bomb was _______ at the last moment, after the fuse had been lit. (ACT)
deactivated: hủy kích hoạt
79. It has to be said it was rather _______ of him to ask a complete stranger to look after his luggage. (GENUS) ingenuous: ngây thơ
80. Their inability to work together for the good of the republic would only increase the peoples'
_______ about government. (CYNICAL) cynicism: sự nghi ngờ
81. Before the war the _______ output was produced in mass for a prospective demand. (PONDER)
preponderant: có ảnh hưởng lớn
82. She had enjoyed the _______ of colleagues, and the mild flirtation which often underlay it. (COMRADE)
camaraderie: tình cảm gắn bó, thân thiết
83. The _______ voluntarily agrees to undertake the legal risk of harm at his own expense. (PLAINT) plaintiff: nguyên đơn
84. Online funerals would not retain the ashes, but set up an online cemetery and memorialize
the deceased by posting an _______ and funeral messages. (OBIT) obituary: cáo phó
85. The taxpayer received not only a capital sum when the companies were sold but now also
receives a substantial annual _______. (DIVIDE) dividend: lợi tức
86. The next government will play an energetic role in seeking multilateral nuclear _______. (ARM)
disarmament: giải giáp vũ khí
87. Upholders of the scientific faith shudder at the implications of having to mix it with such
_______ subjective and impure elements. (REDEEM)
irredeemably: vô phương cứu vãn
88. A(n) _______ public consultation paper will be issued this autumn and a more fundamental
public discussion paper will be distributed next spring. (PREPARE) preparatory: chuẩn bị
89. We have a number of technical publications on various oil products including lubricants,
bitumen, and _______ petroleum gas. (LIQUID) liquefied: hóa lỏng
90. The lawyer was disbarred from practice when he was round guilty of _______ acts. (LAW)
unlawful: vi phạm pháp luật
91. Even today a man who stays at home to look after the children is regarded as something of a(n) _______. (ODD) oddity: sự kì lạ
92. Avoid detached signatures, unless they are of extreme _______ and unimpeachable authenticity. (RARE)
rarity: vật,việc hiếm gặp
93. In order to produce the ______ effect of losing weight permanently, you must alter your eating habits. (DESIRE)
desired effect: ảnh hưởng mong muốn
94. Environmentalists fear that this is a(n) _______ approach to the problem of global warming. (SIGHT) short-sighted: thiển cận
95. Typically the various stimuli are presented concurrently, each associated with a different
outcome or requiring a different response. (CONCUR) concurrently: cùng lúc
96. It's one of the most difficult problems _______ our modern way of life. (SET)
besetting: lặp đi lặp lại
97. It was announced that the times were _______ and subject to confirmation.(PROVIDE) provisional: tạm thời
98. The government is facing an angry _______ from voters over the new tax. (LASH) backlash: sự phản đối
99. The Chancellor was forced into a humiliating _______ on his economic policies. (CLIMB) climbdown: nhượng bộ
100. People in his office view him with respect as some one who is _______ and does not choose
to join in casual conversation. (CONTAIN) self-contained: khép kín
101. In China, the persistence of a(n) _______ currency has over the years effectively subsidised exports. (VALUE)
undervalued currency: chính sách làm giảm giá trị đồng nội tệ (phá giá tiền tệ)
102. She's still carrying all that emotional _______ from her first marriage. (BAG)
baggage: dư âm trong quá khứ
103. He had a highly _______ memory and was an accomplished and lively speaker. (RETAIN) retentive memory: nhớ lâu
104. Look forward to the future, we _______ bright prospect for China's development. (VISION) envision: mường tượng
105. I understand that, because the proposals were so ludicrous, there was no _______ to justify them. (RATIO) rationale: lời giải thích
106. The foreigners in Ottawa constitute a(n) _______ threat to the integrity and autonomy of our province. (OMEN)
ominous: đáng ngại, điềm xấu
107. The school is acknowledged as providing equal access and _______ to a rich and varied curriculum. (TITLE)
entitlement: quyền được hưởng
108. Candidates found guilty of malpractice were liable to be _______ and banned from holding
elective office for 10 years. (FRANCHISE)
disenfranchised: mất quyền công dân
109. The country had been _______ from thirteen years of middle-level Conservative rule of
reasonable efficiency, modest dynamism but small-power idealism. (MANCIPLE)
emancipated: giải phóng khỏi luật lệ, quy định
110. The customer doesn't need to pay a large _______ licensing fee. They only need to pay
recurring subscription fees. (FRONT) upfront: trả trước (phí)
111. Like the _______ theft-proof bicycle by Chris Boardman, the Nulla has no hubs or chain
drive for perhaps the sleekest, most futuristic look yet. (MINIMAL) minimalist: tối giản
112. Davison's investments failed, leaving the family in _______ circumstances when he died in 1893. (STRAIT) straitened: khó khăn
113. He raved about the _______ punishment made by the manager regarding his fault. (JUST) unjust: không công bằng
114. This proposal was _______ to the one we discussed at the last meeting. (ANALOGY) analogous: giống với
115. Some things are ________ true: Water is wet, gra is green (kind of), dogs bark and houses prices rise, (ALIEN)
inalienably: không thể thay đổi
116. By 1980 the Republican Party platform had become antiabortion; and a president who
pledged to ________ (law) abortion altogether had been elected. outlaw: cấm
117. An eight-month inquiry by the all party group on ________ found frontline public servants
could be less likely to fall ill with stress, or quit altogether, if they engage in the increasingly
popular meditation practice. (MIND) mindfulness: chánh niệm
118. In the UK, the ratio of people of working age to people over 65 could fall from 3.7 to 1 in
1999 to 2.1 to 1 in 2040. This suggests a very big increase in the ________ ratio and is
consequently a cause for concern because with current spending pension commitments, it will
place a higher burden on the shrinking working population. (DEPEND)
dependency ratio: tỷ lệ phụ thuộc
119. Since their interest in the past was primarily ________, precise knowledge of actual events
and when they happened was not required. (MORAL)
moralistic: khắc khe về mặt đạo đức
120. A ___________ is an instrument that separates light into a frequency spectrum and records
the signal using a camera. (SPECTRUM) spectrograph: máy quang phổ
121. The journal Public Money and Management contains ________ articles covering the whole of the public sector. (TOPIC)
topical: đang được quan tâm
122. Although geographically linked, the two provinces have long fought for political ________. (ASCEND)
ascendancy: thế lực, quyền thế
123. Tribromoethanol has been reported to be ________ to the viscera of mice and this can cause
intestinal problems and death. (IRRITATE) irritant: kích thích
124. It had been a warm ________ day in early October and she, Alex and her father were
working in the garden. (AUTUMN)
autumnal: mang đặc điểm mùa thu
125. Jess, watching Midnight, saw him glance swiftly from one to another, his look cold, even ________. (SCORN) scornful: kinh miệt
126. Many of the traditions are ________ of a time when most people worked on the land. (REMAIN) remnants: tàn tích
127. If you join the armed forces, you have to pledge ________ to your country. (ALLAY)
allegiance: lòng trung thành, sự phục tùng
128. Extending democracy at the ________ level is the groundwork for developing socialist democracy. (ROOT)
grassroots: cơ sở, gốc rễ
129. I am sure that I will study abroad, but I will come back to build my country," 16-year-old
________ rocket scientist Katherine Lee says with conviction. (WANT)
wannabe: mong muốn trở thành
130. The story of the Internet is one of piecewise relinquishment of government control and
________ of private individuals and organizations. (POWER)
empowerment: sự phân quyền
131. The message is clear and concise and displays no ________ that one would expect to find in
more courtly love scenes. (VERB)
verbosity: dài dòng, rườm rà
132. He talked with the ________ authority of the head of the family. (MAGISTRATE) magisterial: hống hách
133. Methods Twenty three patients who had undergone ________ proctocolectomy with ileal
reservoir were included in the study.
restorative: phục hồi, khôi phục
134. Reduction in government spending will ________ further cuts in public services. (NECESSARY)
necessitate: bắt buộc, yêu cầu
135. Ever since she was a child, she has had (a) ________ for spicy food. (DILIGENT) predilection: sự yêu thích
136. Not only was it gaudy in appearance but the smell wafting from the kitchen was distinctly ________. (ODOR)
malodorous: có mùi khó chịu
137. It may take patience, but it is important to be ________ about what sort of home you are prepared to inhabit. (FASH) fastidious: kĩ lưỡng
138. Small wonder if their son grew up with a taste for ________ pursuits, warlike deeds and
sometimes foolhardy enterprise. (CHIVALRY) chivalrous: hào hiệp
139. I ever felicitate myself secretly that I won't make ________ remarks or be hurt by them. (PERTAIN) impertinent: thô lỗ
140. A proportion of ________ waves was noted in patients who had undergone surgery 10 or
more years previously. (PROPEL) propulsive: đẩy
141. It is essential that tutors provide a good service ________ with the fees being charged to
students and/or their employers. (MEASURE) commensurate: tương xứng
142. The power of red wine to ________ high cholesterol has been ballyhooed in the press. (ACT)
counteract: làm giảm ảnh hưởng
143. A previous knowledge of computing may be of some advantage initially but is not (a)
________ for entry to the course. (REQUIRE)
prerequisite: điều kiện tiên quyết
144. Ministries send in monthly reports which are ________ and submitted to the Chancellor via the state secretaries. (NOTE)
annotated: giải thích, ghi chú
145. When millions watch the same programs, the whole world becomes a village, and society is
reduced to the condition which obtain in ________ communities. (LITERACY)
pre-literate: chưa có chữ viết
146. They were sturdy and wooden; quite beautiful in their ________, utilitarian lines. (CLOT) uncluttered: gọn gàng
147. It is also suggested that ________ learning associated with employment may have been of
value to these students. (EXPERIENCE)
experiential: theo kinh nghiệm
148. It was very difficult to ________ the story of the revolution in a single one-hour documentary. (CAPSULE)
encapsulate: tóm gọn, gói gọn
149. The only victors in a ________ clash between the president and the assembly would be the
hardliners on both sides. (HEAD) head-on: đối đầu
150. We should make ________ use of the resources available to us. (JUDGE)
judicious: khôn ngoan, hợp lý 151-160.
Motivations for censorship of the internet range from (151) ________ (intend) desires, to protect
children from unsuitable content to (152) ________ (authority) attempts to control a nation’s
access to political opinion. Many countries around the world have implemented extensive
filtering systems to curb the perceived (153) ________ (law) of the medium. Many others are
debating the (154) ________ (act) of similar measures.
The OpenNet Initiative (ONI) is an organization dedicated to informing the public about Internet
(155) ________ (survey) and filtering policies around the world. Its mission is to uncover the
potential pitfalls and (156) ________ (meditate) consequences of Internet censorship and thus
help to better (157) ________ (light) public policy in this area. The ONI (158) ________ (value)
the breadth and depth of Internet censorship in seventy-four countries in four areas of activity:
political, social, Internet tools and conflict/security. The level of (159) ________ (tamper) in
each area is given a rank ranging from “No evidence of filtering” to (160) “________ (pervade) filtering. 151. well-intentioned 152. authoritarian 153. lawlessness/unlawfulness 154. enactment 155. surveillance 156. unpremeditated 157. enlighten 158. evaluates 159. tampering 160. pervasive
161. Greenpeace applied for a(n) ________ review to challenge the court's decision. (JUDGE)
judicial: thuộc về tòa án
162. The President authorizes the ________ use of military force to protect our citizens. (JUDGE)
judicious: có suy xét, khôn ngoan
163. The people of the district rose up in arms and reinstated the abbot, but their triumph was ________. (LIVE) short-lived: ngắn ngủi
164. The process of the ________ root formation in grape cuttings can be divided into six periods. (ADVENT) adventitious: tình cờ
165. Mr Mandela was the symbolic leader of the ________black majority. (FRANCHISE)
disenfranchised: bị đánh mất quyền lợi
166. The special session will run ________ with the regular legislative session beginning today. (CONCUR) concurrently: đồng thời
167. The solutions below are descriptions of how these issues have been ________ solved and
may serve as a pattern to help you on your next project. (RECUR) recurrently: xuyên suốt
168. We and those of our class act 'rationally' in our fertility regulating behaviour, they act
irrationally, irresponsibly, without ________ or knowledge. (THOUGHT)
forethought: suy tính trước
169. She had had the ________ to prepare herself financially in case of an accident. (SIGHT)
foresight: khả năng tiên đoán
170. Rock was a roly-poly detective who looked like a no-hoper but who always ________ the
opposition with sly brilliance. (WIT)
outwitted: defeat somebody/something or gain an advantage over them by doing something clever.
171. She underwent a heart ________ in a last-ditch attempt to save her. (PLANT) transplant: ghép
172. The cold has made already ________ living conditions even worse. (STANDARD) substandard: dưới chuẩn
173. Hospitals are on ________ ready to deal with casualties being flown in from the crash site. (STAND)
standby: sẵn sàng để sử dụng
174. The opposing counsel then has a last opportunity to ________ the witness to address facts
brought out in redirect examination. (EXAMINE)
cross-examine: thẩm vấn chéo
175. The investigator said the killings were the result of poor procedure by trigger-happy police
rather than ________ murder. (MEDITATE)
premeditated: lên kế hoạch trước
176. An entire society was ________ and destroyed, vanishing into the high mountains never to return. (ROOT)
uprooted: rời bỏ (quê hương)
177. Women are caught in a double bind, ________ in the community if they are not wives and
mothers, under excessive pressure to be perfect if they are. (MARGIN) marginalised: ruồng bỏ
178. Coffee houses flourished as meeting points for endless discussions of the latest news,
indulging in raucous ________ (AGREE) and for the ________ (LUCRE) business of buying
and selling insurance ships, stocks and commodities. disagreements lucrative: sinh lợi
179. In 1988 there were several well-publicised cases of young people committing suicide
apparently because of ________ love (QUIT)
unrequited love: tình đơn phương
180. Racial hatred has been a powerful ________ in the country's history. (CURRENT)
undercurrent: ảnh hưởng ngầm
181. The earliest written records were simply ________ representations of natural objects, such
as birds and animals. (PICTURE)
pictorial: thuộc về hình ảnh
182. The ________ on the stone tablet has been rubbed away by the hands of countless tourists over the centuries. (SCRIPT) inscription: chữ khắc
183. Redundancy payment, or a golden ________ in lieu of notice, up to the value of ￡30,000. (HAND)
golden handshake: a payment given to someone who is laid off or retires early
The European Court of Justice
The European Court of Justice has ruled that workers who become ill during their holidays
have the right to take additional paid time off later. The Luxembourg-based court stated that “the
purpose of (40. TITLE) __________ to paid annual leave is to enable the worker to rest and
enjoy a period of relaxation and leisure. The purpose of sick leave is different. It is to enable a
worker to recover from an (41. AIL) __________ that has caused him to be unfit for work.” It
concluded that it would be arbitrary and (42. CONTRADICT) __________ to the purpose of
paid annual leave to deny workers holiday time in exchange for time spent sick.
Business groups in the UK warn that applying the courts’ rules will be detrimental to the wider
UK economy and say that the rulings (43. LINE) __________ the need for Britain’s ministers to
resist the court. But, unfortunately, while the UK has an opt-out on parts of the (44. DIRECT)
__________ that the ruling relates to, it has no exemption on sick pay and holiday.
The UK government estimates that adopting the rules will cost British employers more than £100
million annually. The UK’s Business Secretary described the court’s rulings as “an unnecessary
burden on businesses” and “completely (45. DEFEND) __________ during a time of economic strain”. 40. ENTITLEMENT 41. AILMENT 42. CONTRADICTORY 43. UNDERLINE 44. DIRECTIVE 45. INDEFENSIBLE The Best Medicine
If you feel stressed or unhappy, nothing, say researchers, is as therapeutic as laughing. A good,
(40. HEART) __________ laugh relieves physical tension and stress, leaving your muscles
relaxed for up to 45 minutes afterwards. Not only that, laughing triggers the release of
endorphins – the body’s ‘feel-good’ chemicals – so it can provide temporary relief from pain.
Laughter even increases infection-fighting antibodies, thus improving your resistance to disease.
But the best thing about this (41. PRICE) __________ medicine that has so much power to heal
and renew is that it’s fun, free, and available in abundance.
One of the best ways to increase the amount of time you spend laughing each day is to hang out
with entertaining, (42. MISCHIEF) __________ people. These are people who laugh easily –
both at themselves and at life’s absurdities. Laughter is contagious, so just hearing others laugh
primes your brain and readies you to smile. What’s more, the ‘feel-good’ emotion you get when
you laugh will remain with you long after your laughter (40. SIDE) _________.
The ability to laugh easily and frequently is a tremendous resource for (40. COME) __________
problems and improving both physical and emotional health.
So, go on! Bring your body and mind back into (40. EQUAL) __________ - laugh! 40. HEARTY 41. PRICELESS 42. MISCHIEVOUS 43. SUBSIDES: become calmer 44. OVERCOMING
45. EQUILIBRIUM: a state of balance, especially between opposing forces or influences Centenarians
Centenarians (people aged 100+ years) exhibit (40. MARK) __________ delayed disability. It
seems to manifest only towards the end of their very long lives, at an average age of 93 years. In
one study of centenarians, 15% had no clinically (41. DEMONSTRATE) __________ disease at
age 100 years and 43% did not exhibit age-related disease until age 80 years or older. In short,
living to 100 seems to be advantageous not just in years of survival, but in years of quality life.
Interestingly, centenarians appear to have little in common, varying widely when it comes to
diet, education, ethnicity and socioeconomic status. Still, studies have revealed some (42.
COMMON) __________. Very few centenarians are obese. Most have first degree relatives who
also achieve exceptional age, indicating genetic factors are strongly involved in (43. LONG)
__________. Substantial smoking history is usually rare. Finally, most centenarians have the
personality traits of (44. EXTRAVERT) __________ and serenity; despite life’s ups and downs,
they seem better able to maintain a positive outlook and handle stress better than the majority of the population.
But one characteristic marks out centenarians (45. DISPUTE) __________ : gender. Some 85%
of centenarians are women. Among supercentenarians (those aged 110 or older), the figure is 90%. 40. MARKEDLY
41. DEMONSTRABLE: able to be proved
42. COMMONALITIES: the state of sharing features or attributes. 43. LONGEVITY
44. EXTRAVERSION: the quality of being energetic and not shy, and enjoying being with other people 45. INDISPUTABLY A DVD Review
Breathtaking underwater footage and detailed scientific explanations make Cuttlefish: Kings of
Camouflage a documentary DVD well worth buying. For those who don’t know, cuttlefish are
nature’s (40. RIVAL) __________ masters of camouflage – creatures that can, in a fraction of a
second, alter their skin colour, pattern and texture to match any background. Viewers are sure to
be (41. FIX) __________ by the astonishing underwater scenes in this documentary that capture
the (42. INSTANT) __________ physical transformations cuttlefish undergo as they move about the sea floor.
But don’t be fooled. Cuttlefish: Kings of Camouflage is so much more than spectacular wildlife
photography. Riveting commentary from expert scientists educates viewers on the latest research
into these (43. CAPTIVE) __________ creatures. The information provided is both entertaining
and (44. LIGHT) __________. In short, the producers of Cuttlefish: Kings of Camouflage have
(45. DO) __________ themselves. This is a documentary that asks, and prompts, questions. Most
importantly, it is a documentary that allows us a privileged glimpse into the secret world of one
of nature’s most remarkable creatures. 40. UNRIVALLED 41. TRANSFIXED 42. INSTANTANEOUS 43. CAPTIVATING 44. ENLIGHTENING 45. OUTDONE
Handsome and sensitive, Nero made a good start as emperor, but before long he gave in to wild
extravagance and his rule ended violently. Today, Nero’s name is a byword for (40. RULE)
__________ and debauchery. A brutal and (41. TYRANT) __________ leader, Nero practised
every sort of obscenity. During his reign, he became famous for his many executions – including
that of his own mother – and his countless perverse and (42. SPEAK) __________ acts of
violence. History famously remembers him as the emperor who merrily ‘fiddled whilst the whole
of Rome burned’, although many historians now consider this an inaccurate rumour.
Born in 37 AD, Nero was the only surviving direct male descendant of the emperor Augustus. It
is difficult to determine to what extent Nero was mentally (43. BALANCE) __________ , but
one thing is certain: absolute power corrupted him. By the final years of his rule, a high-level
(44. CONSPIRE) __________ to assassinate him had emerged. In 68 AD, the Senate declared
Nero a ‘public enemy’ which meant anyone could kill him without punishment. Upon learning
that his execution was imminent, a terrified Nero fled Rome and committed suicide. Disputes
over his (45. SUCCEED) __________ quickly led to civil war, as Nero had left no heirs. 40. MISRULE/UNRULINESS
41. TYRANNICAL: using, showing, or relating to the unfair and cruel use of power over other
people in a country, group, etc. 42. UNSPEAKABLE 43. UNBALANCED 44. CONSPIRACY 45. SUCCESSION/SUCCESSOR
Most snap judgements about people are formed on the basis of their facial features. The eyes,
regarded as clues to one’s true character, are said (41. POETRY) __________ to be the windows
of the soul: closely positioned, they imply (42. SLY) __________; set wide apart they suggest
honesty and (43. DIRECT) __________. Thin mouths are equated with meanness and full
mouths with (44. SENSE) __________. Unconsciously, we make such instant judgements and
they are made about us. There is no hiding place for the face. Always exposed and vulnerable, it
involuntarily expresses happiness, desire and joy, anger, fear, shame and (45. LOATHE).
Precisely for that reason, a masked face evokes fear and horror: once someone’s distinguishing
(46. CHARACTER) __________ are hidden, we cannot read or recognise the person and fear of
the unknown immediately arouses suspicion. 41. POETICALLY 42. SLYNESS 43. DIRECTNESS 44. SENSUALITY 45. LOATHING 46. CHARACTERISTICS The Cat
The house cat, Felis catus, is a small furry animal much valued by humans for both (39.
COMPANY) __________ and its skill at hunting vermin. Although there is some uncertainty as
to when cats and humans first developed a (40. SYMBIOSIS) __________ relationship, there
have been instances of cat (41. DOMESTIC) __________ since as early as the Neolithic era, at
least. It is believed that cats may have an inborn (42. DISPOSE) __________ towards tameness
and, according to some researchers may have actively sought human company and inveigled
their way into early human (43. SETTLE) __________. It is debatable as to whether cats were
really valued for their ability to keep pest numbers down but there is no doubt that there are few
creatures who can hunt as (44. GRACE) __________. With lithe, flexible bodies and sharp
retractable claws, cats are eminently suited to stealth attacks on prey and are (45. EXAMPLE) __________ predators. 39. COMPANIONSHIP 40. SYMBIOTIC 41. DOMESTICATION 42. DISPOSITION 43. SETTLEMENTS 44. GRACEFULLY 45. EXEMPLARY Lloyd Webber Musicals
Andrew Lloyd Webber, whose rock-based compositions helped (40. VITAL) __________
English musical theatre in the late 20th century, began his career while still at Oxford University.
It was there that he formed a partnership with Timothy Rice and they began putting on
productions. Their first (41. NOTE) __________ successful venture was Joseph and the
Amazing Technicolour Dreamcoat, a children's pop oratorio that earned worldwide (42. CLAIM)
__________. Then came the rock opera Jesus Christ Superstar, a controversial look at Jesus's life
story that became one of the longest running shows in British (43. THEATRE) __________
history. Evita was Lloyd Webber's final collaboration with Rice and for his next production,
Cats, he used two (44. LYRIC) __________, Hart and Stilgoe. He then composed a hugely
successful version of Phantom of the Opera. Lloyd Webber's productions have always been
flashy spectacles and much of his success is due to his ability to blend such varied and dissimilar
genres as rock and roll, English music hall song and (45. OPERA) __________ forms into music with a wide mass appeal. 40. REVITALISE 41. NOTABLY 42. ACCLAIM 43. THEATRICAL 44. LYRICISTS 45. OPERATIC With Many Thanks
Many people have given assistance to me during the writing of this book, but it is to Ms Leigh
Keith, senior editor of Ramsay and Brown that I am most deeply (41. DEBT) __________ to for
her loyalty and encouragement during the four years the project lasted. She gave her time and
advice (42. STINT) __________ in order for this work to be completed, giving both moral and
practical support for the lengthy research into social conditions the project (43. NECESARY)
__________. Her confidence in me sustained me in my belief that this was valuable work and it
was undoubtedly what enabled me to continue in the face of often discouraging circumstances.
I must also thank my father, who has been a willing collaborator in all my efforts and who spent
long hours in libraries and on trains to distant parts of the country in search of material. I know
that he will say he enjoyed it, but without his (44. FLAG) __________ enthusiasm this book
would never have seen the light of day. Finally, I would like to give my friends and family the
recognition they so richly deserve. They have had to put up with what must have seemed to them
an (45. EXCEPT) __________ long drawn-out piece of writing. Thank you, all of you, very much. 41. INDEBTED
42. UNSTINTINGLY: in a way that does not stop and is always generous 43. NECESSITATED
44. UNFLAGGING: remaining strong; 45. EXCEPTIONALLY
Hiking in the Countryside
Winter in the British countryside can be very brutal but it has such (41. BREATH) __________
beauty that for many people (42. GO) __________ the pleasure of long country walks is out of
the question, however severe the weather.
Fortunately, there is a very wide range of hiking gear from which to choose, from the traditional
waxed jackets to modern Gore-tex clothing and footwear. But, (43. RESPECT) __________ of
your clothing preferences, of all your priorities, the main one should be to keep warm and dry.
Layering clothing is a good idea. Start with thermal underwear topped with an outer shell of
jackets and overtrousers in (44. PERMEATE) __________ fabrics that keep out the wind and
rain but don’t make you sweat. Even in wet weather, rubber boots are unsuitable for proper long
walks. You will need good boots with ankle support and good traction. A small rucksack of
around 20-litre capacity is fine for short walks but the intrepid hiker will need a substantially
larger one of up to 40 litres. Hikers’ rucksacks have been considerably (45. LIGHT) __________
in recent years as more and more lightweight fabrics have been developed. 41. BREATHTAKING 42. FOREGOING 43. IRRESPECTIVE 44. PERMEABLE 45. LIGHTENED
How often have we heard how technology is making us (41. SOCIAL)__________? But what
about the other less identifiable effects technology is having on us? Take, for instance, the
cherry-picking of information on search engines, which often confirms users’ (42. EXIST)
__________ beliefs, allowing them to construct views irrespective of what is proven. This 4)
(43. REPRESENT) __________ of facts can be dangerous in (44. POLE) __________ society.
Then there are small but undeniably significant effects on our memory. Information is no longer
being memorized with answers only a click away. Few people commit phone numbers to
memory, relying instead on their smartphones, in contrast to the pre-tech days when people had
countless numbers in their heads. The result is our recollection of information has (45. MARK) __________ deteriorated. 41. ANTISOCIAL 42. PRE-EXISTING 43. MISREPRESENTATION 44. POLARISING 45. MARKEDLY Dickens and his world
It was with the circulation of Pickwick Papers in 1836 that young Dickens began to enjoy a truly
(1. PRECEDENT) _________ ascent into the favour of the British reading public. He
magnificently (2. PROVE) _________ a theory that his fame would disappear just as quickly as
it had come. He remained until his death 34 years later (3. DENY) _________ the most popular
novelist the English- speaking world had ever known.
The public displayed a/an (4. SATIATE) _________ appetite for his works, and there
was also a great diffusion of them through (5. NUMBER) _________ dramatic adaptations
(nearly all completely (6. AUTHORITY) _________ the copyright laws being much weaker in those days).
His immense popularity was based on the widespread perception of him as a great
champion of the poor and the (7. POSSESS) _________ against all forms of (8. JUST)
_________ and abuse of power. In his personal life, however, he was (9. CAPACITY)
_________ of achieving the level of fulfilment he enjoyed with the public, and all his close
emotional relationships with women (10. VARY) _________ ended in failure. Yet, he created an
extraordinary range and variety of female characters who live on in our minds and culture unlike
any others created by Victorian novelists 1. 2. disproved
3. undeniably 4. insatiable 5. numberless/ unprecedented innumerable 6. 7. dispossessed 8. injustice 9. incapable 10. invariably unauthorized
One of the most lethal poisons on Earth,ten thousand times more (0) deadly than cyanide is
tetrodotoxin, more concisely known as TTX. Its potency is well known in East Asia, where it
regularly kills (1- DINE) __________ who have braved the capricious (2- DELICATE)
________ known as fugu or pufferfish.
This toxin has a (3- TERROR) ________ method of operation: twenty-five minutes after
exposure it begins to (4- PARALYSIS) _______its victims, leaving the victim fully aware of
what is happening. Death usually results, within hours, from suffocation or heart failure.
There is no known antidote. If lucky patients can (5- STAND) ________ the symptoms for
twenty-four hours, they usually recover without further (6-COMPLICATE) _________It is no ordinary poison.
What is strange about its (7-OCCUR)_______is that it is found in such a wide range of creatures,
from algae to angelfish spanning entire kingdoms of life. It is rather unlikely that such an
unusual toxin evolved (8-DEPEND)________in so many unrelated animals.
Marine biologists have discovered that the poison is produced by bacteria living in the gut of its
host. The best explanation is that a (9-SYMBIONT) ________ relationship exists between host
and not the unwelcome guest, where microbes exchange poison for nutrients, providing a
valuable (10-DEFEND) ________weapon for its host. 1. diners 2.delicacy 3.terrifying 4. paralyse 5.withstand 6. complications 7. occurrence 8.independently 9. symbiotic 10. defensive AGEING WORLD
The UN predicts over-60s will outnumber under-15s by 2050. In a (1- START) __________
report, titled 'Ageing in the 21st Century: a celebration and a challenge', the UN revealed that the
number of people over 60 is set to hit 2 billion by 2050, and the number of (2- CENTURY)
__________ is set to rise nearly tenfold to three million. Population ageing is a (3- PRODUCE)
__________of the demographic transition in which both mortality and fertility decline from
higher to lower levels. Currently, the total fertility rate is below (4- PLACE) __________ levels
in virtually all industrialised countries. As life expectancy increases across the planet, thanks to
welcome advances in healthcare and rising economic prosperity., it is imperative that countries
start preparing now so that they can adequately care for their over-60s in the years to come. The
social and economic (5- IMPLY) __________ of population ageing are profound and nations
across the world will be affected in (6- PRECEDE) __________ways. For example, there will be
major challenges for nations in areas ilke healthcare and pensions. Developing countries
especially need to start preparing as (7- PROJECT) __________ show 80% of the world's elderly
will live in less developed regions by 2050. The UN also predicts a very large increase in
age.related chronic disease across the world. In a few decades, the loss of health worldwide will
actually be greater from (8- COMMUNICATE) __________ or chronic diseases (e.g.
cardiovascular disease, cancer, arthritis) than from infectious diseases for the first time in history. 1. STARTLING 2. CENTENARIANS 3. BY-PRODUCT 4. REPLACEMENT 5. IMPLICATIONS 6. UNPRECEDENTED 7. PROJECTIONS 8. NONCOMMUNICABLE POLONIUM - 210
Historically called radium F, the element polonium-210 (Po-210) is a naturally-occurring
radioactive element that emits highly harzardous alpha particles. Po-210 was discovered in 1898
by Marie and Pierre Curie. It is (1- EXCEED) __________ rare in nature (tiny amounts exist in
the soil and in the atmosphere) and it does not (2- CUSTOM) __________ present a risk to
humans. Today, Po-210 is studied in nuclear research laboratories where its high radioactivity
requires special handling techniques and (3- CAUTIOUS) __________. Po-210 is fantastically
toxic but it does not represent a risk to human health, as long as it remains outside the body.
Internal exposure is the concern. In order to get into the human body, Po-210 must be ingested or
inhaled as It cannot pass through the skin.
It has been known since the 1960s that Po-210 is present in tobacco smoke as a contaminant.
Tobacco plants which are fertilised with phosphate fertilisers absorb Po-210 through their roots.
Even though direct root (4- TAKE) __________ of Po-210 by tobacco plants is small, Po-210 is
still estimated to cause some 11,700 lung cancer deaths annually worldwide. (5- DEPOSIT)
__________ of Po-10 from the atmosphere on tobacco leaves also results in elevated
concentrations of Po-210 in tobacco smoke. 1. EXCEEDINGLY 2. CUSTOMARILY 3. PRECAUTIONS 4. UPTAKE 5. DEPOSITION HUMAN RIGHTS
Human rights, that set of privileges that we all possess by virtue of being born, is a far more
recent term than one might think. The idea of (1- ALIEN) __________ rights originated in (2-
ANTIQUE) __________, but it took the horrors of the Second World War to get the idea (3-
SHRINE) __________ in an internationally-accepted document, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948.
The document itself is comprised of thirty articles that cover, amongst other things, the right to
life, liberty and security of person, the freedom of speech, and the freedom of slavery, arbitrary
arrest, (4- DETAIN) __________ of torture. To ensure its universality, one of the first principles
of the declaration is that these rights are (5- TERRITORY) __________, that is, they take (6-
PRECEDE) __________ over the laws of any individual country.
Founded in 1978, Human Rights Watch is an organisation dedicated to (7- LIGHT) __________
human rights abuses. Originally called Helsinki Watch, it changed its name in 1988 to reflect its
changing role on the world stage. Using (8- INVESTIGATE) __________ teams that provide
annual reports on individual countries, Human Rights Watch uses its media profile to put
countries that violate the declaration under the harsh (9- LIGHT) __________ of global attention.
Human Rights Watch may be a thorn in the side of abusive nations around the world, but it has
plenty of (10- ROOT) __________ supports and even some (11- FLY) __________ devotees.
George Soros, the renowned investor and philanthropist, pledged $100 million to Human Rights
Watch – its biggest ever private contribution – declaring, “Human Rights Watch is one of the
most effective organisations I support. Human rights (12- PIN) __________ our greatest
aspirations; they are at the heart of open societies.”
1. inalienable: that cannot be taken away from you 2. antiquity 3. enshrined 4. detention
5. extra-territorial: valid outside the country where the law was made 6. precedence 7. highlighting 8. investigative 9. spotlight
10. grassroots: involving the ordinary people in a society or an organization 11. high-flying 12. underpin P2-WORDFORM PRACTICE TEST 1
1. Democracy died after a period of ________(cease) wars, imperial expansion abroad,
and the rise of demagoguery at home.
incessant/ceaseless: triền miên, không dứt
2. The consequences of ________ (compel) gambling are comparable to those of any
other addictive disease and are not simply those of financial loss.
compulsive: có tính ép buộc
3. The prison service has the twin goals of punishment and ________ (habit).
rehabilitation: sự phục hồi
4. The first ________ (conceive) is that legal study at university is exclusively for
students who intend becoming solicitors or advocates. misconception: sự hiểu sai
5. Too late, she remembered the ________ (settle) effect such comments would have on Johnny. unsettling: đáng lo
6. Some economists are now predicting the danger of ________ (run) inflation. runaway: xảy ra rất nhanh
7. The ________ (narrate) in this book plays second fiddle to the excellent photographs. narrative: câu chuyện
8. They were now faced with seemingly________(mount) technical problems.
insurmountable: không thể vượt qua
9. When you come down on him too hard, you may only intensify his own ________ (critic)
self-criticism: tự phê bình
10. Your speech should not have been ________ (lace) with these facts beside the point. interlaced: trộn lẫn
11. Their views lie outside the ________ (stream) of current medical opinion. mainstream: xu hướng
12. The teachers are fair and avoid ________ (favour) and scapegoating. favouritism: sự thiên vị
13. She has become ________(mesh) in a tangle of drugs and petty crime. enmeshed: vướng vào
14. Do not set your goals too high or else you will always be failing and there is nothing more ________ (moral). demoralising: làm nản lòng
15. The demise of the industry has caused ________(tell) misery to thousands of hard- working tradesmen. untold: đáng kể
16. Attracting the banks are the ________ (surge) economy and reforms that have opened
up industries to foreign capital. resurgent: hồi sinh
17. The ordinary reader is impressed by the tone and manner of publication, and the
words chosen to ________ (head) a story. headline: đặt tiêu đề
18. At all events, it was this group of the ________ (possess) that gave the first successful impetus to the Revolution. dispossessed: nghèo
19. ________(prey) pricing by large supermarkets was threatening the livelihood of smaller businesses.
predatory pricing: chính sách hạ giá để tiêu diệt đối thủ
20. He is a ________(voice) critic of the president's stance on abortion. vociferous: mạnh mẽ
21. She made several ________ (par) remarks about the manager she dislikes.
disparaging: làm mất danh dự
22. As women we tend to be ________ (face) and make light of what we have achieved. self-effacing: khiêm tốn
23. GEW lamp dimming promise uptime at least 1500 hours, raised productivity and reduces ________ (time).
downtime: thời gian chết của máy móc
24. Would you mind if I took one of the pictures as a________(keep)? keepsake: vật lưu niệm
25. Mania usually alternates with depression, to form a ________ (pole) disorder.
bipolar (disorder): bệnh trầm cảm
26. This was too we a ________ (hole) for the tax planners: no wonder inheritance tax is called a voluntary tax. loophole: kẽ hở
27. The teacher said that he found it difficult to cope with a class of ________ (affect) teenagers. disaffected: bất bình
28. He is ________ (fail) polite and tries desperately to understand other people's views. unfailingly: luôn luôn
29. The court ________ (turn) that decision on the grounds that the Prosecution had withheld crucial evidence. overturned: lật đổ
30. Some of these statements are misleading and some downright ________ (amend). mendacious: sai sự thật
31. The state ________ (fast) refused to settle this matter at any time. steadfastly: kiên quyết
32. What is illustrated by these photographs is as much the culture of shamelessness as
the reigning admiration for ________ (apology) brutality.
unapologetic: không biết hối lỗi
33. The judge found that in her case there were________(mitigate) circumstances. mitigating: làm dịu bớt
34. He impressed his audience by the ________ (profound) of his knowledge. profundity: sự uyên thâm
35. The causes of social ________(stress) include inadequate housing. distress: cảnh khốn cùng
36. He was in the ________ (envy) position of having to choose between imprisonment or exile. unenviable: không mong muốn
37. He was ________ (capacity) by old age and sickness. incapacitated: suy yếu
38. The bank is ________ (solve) and will be unable to live up to its obligations. insolvent: vỡ nợ
39. Natalie considered herself very ________ (virtue) because she neither drank nor smoked.
virtuous: có đạo đức tốt
40. Their refusal to ________ (tail) spending plans and to increase the burden on poll tax payers is expected. curtail: cắt giảm
41. Rather than a benevolent "socialist" super power China, whose population is made up
over 90% Han Chinese, will ________ (stride) the world as a racially homogeneous, and
communalistic "Middle Kingdom”. bestride: bắc ngang qua
42. Broadly speaking, on-line shopping experiences can be categorized into two distinct
dimensions: ________ (use) and hedonic value. utilitarian: thực dụng
43. It encouraged experimenters to propose ________ (beat) or novel approaches to problems. offbeat: khác thường
44. It's a bustling ________ (eat) where the fishy fare is served in cones of butcher's paper. eatery: quán ăn
45. Several spoke out against the harshly ________ (right) tone of the original motion.
self-righteous: tự cho là đúng
46. Elections are essential for the ________ (sustain) of parliamentary democracy. sustenance: sự tồn tại
47. ________ (similar) is consequently difficult, particularly as the minority groups
experience considerable hostility.
Assimilation: sự đồng hóa
48. Growth and ________ (mature) of vascular plants are often controlled by light,
usually in conjunction with temperature. maturation: sự lớn lên
49. The practice of meditation and ________ (temple) is life-long, reflecting this daily
process of repentance and change at heart. contemplation: sự suy ngẫm
50. The new policy only serves to ________ (accent) the inadequacy of provision for the homeless. accentuate: nhấn mạnh
51. Pressure was applied with cool precision: women had discovered that to ________
(step) male dominance was to avoid destructive rage. sidestep: tránh
52. I found your book absolutely ________ (thrall)! enthralling: làm say mê
53. Listen to both sides and you will be ________ (light), heed only one side and you will be ________ (night).
enlighted – benighted: làm sáng tỏ-nông cạn
54. Bertha, exaggerating the seriousness of the affair, thought it ________ (charlatan) to
undertake a post without knowledge and without capacity.
charlatanry: lừa đảo, giả dối
55. I write this down ________ (verb), for much the same reason I took notes in college. verbatim: đúng nguyên văn
56. She came to the party wearing a(n) ________ (land) costume and blond wig. outlandish: nổi bật
57. Opposition leaders said they would try to stage nationwide protests, but previous
opposition rallies have met only ________ (warm) support.
lukewarm: lãnh đạm, thờ ơ
58. She gave me some friendly advice without a trace of ________ (descend).
condescension: sự hạ mình
59. It's that ________ (patron) tone of hers that I can't bear.
patronizing: ra vẻ bề trên
60. And then, to the audience's ________ (mystic), the band suddenly stopped playing.
mystification: sự bối rối
61. The ________ (conspire) of the assissination of the president was brought to light in time. conspiracy: âm mưu
62. The report is critical of attempts by________(official) to deal with the problem of homelessness.
officialdom: giới viên chức
63. The system of counties was essential to Frankish government, and a count could
wield considerable power, particularly in ________ (far) regions. far-flung: xa xôi
64. Jaubert had been a reasonable man to work for, had never asked her to do anything illegal or ________ (taste) distasteful: không vừa ý
65. Darwin's theory of evolution was a(n) ________ (shed) dividing the old way of thinking from the new. watershed: bước ngoặt
66. I can find just enough re-run of quality programmes to prevent myself from falling
into utter despair and pining for the good old days of ________ (year). yesteryear: trước đây
67. If he resigned it would be ________ (amount) to admitting that he was guilty.
tantamount: tương đương với
68. For twenty-five years he ________ (pain) amassed evidence to support his hypothesis. painstakingly: chịu khó
69. He felt out of place, a(n) ________ (conform) in a society where conformity was highly prized.
nonconformist: người không theo khuôn phép
70. She unveiled the picture with a(n) ________ (ceremony) gesture. ceremonious: trịnh trọng
71. Travellers may be ________ (inquire) about the world, but they also travel to make discoveries about themselves. inquisitive: tò mò
72. Both Hathor and her potential victims became ________ (exceed) drunk and merry, so she failed at her task. exceedingly: dư
73. Operation Rescue was an organization notorious for its ________ (front) tactics and
its implacable opposition to abortion under all circumstances.
confrontational: đương đầu
74. A(n) ________ (face) approach to sustainable construction is required for use by
policy - makers, practitioners and civil society.
multi-faceted: nhiều phương diện
75. Wage control is the ________ (corner) of the government's economic policy. cornerstone: cơ sở
76. She's ________ (fail) cheerful no matter what the circumstances. unfailingly: luôn luôn
77. Instead of just ________ (moan) your fate, why not do something to change it? bemoaning: than phiền
78. For users, they are still expensive ________ (add) features and come with their own set of integration problems. add-on: thêm vào
79. Foreign observers also accused the authorities of widespread ________ (practice).
malpractice: hành vi bất chính
80. ________ (type) images of women are used to legitimise male dominance. Stereotypical: rập khuôn
81. It will ________ (legal) sex - far from helping girls resist pressure, it will help boys bully girls into sex. legitimate: hợp pháp hóa
82. Mongolia, although poor, has considerable ________ (tap) resources of oil and minerals. untapped: chưa khai thác
83. Towards the end of the ________ (infant) period the child is becoming more perspicacious. infantile: còn trẻ con
84. It would be ________ (ingenuity) on our part to pretend ignorance of our book's
impact, both in sales and controversy. disingenuous: gian xảo
85. I think I must have known ________(conscience) that something was going on between them. subconsiously: tiềm thức
86. If evolution has________ (wire) into us a belief that there are objective moral
obligations, then we will believe that there are. hard-wired: ăn sâu vào
87. You want clothes that are stylish as well as practical, versatile, ________ (task) and low maintenance.
multitasking: nhiều công việc
88. His failures ________ (line) the difference between theatre and film direction. underline: nhấn mạnh
89. In other words, subcultural cleavage has attenuated and cultural ________
(homogeneous) has extended from structural orientation into policy orientation.
homogeneity: tính đồng nhất
90. As the inspector and others came in, she regarded them ________ (disdain),
seemingly unconcerned about her capture. disdainfully: miệt thị
91. The concert hall itself reminds one ________ (play) of reproduction art deco and is
also acoustically first-class and adaptable. playfully: khôi hài
92. She didn't want to confront the ________ (escape) fact that she would have to sell the house.
inescapable: không thể tránh khỏi
93. He made a fortune buying ________ (run) houses and fixing them up to sell. run-down: đổ nát
94. Business schools, who currently dominate entrepreneurship teaching and research,
________ (compartment) knowledge into functional boxes. compartmentalise: phân chia
95. Idealism was deeply________ (credit) by the failure to prevent the outbreak of the Second World War.
discredited: làm mất uy tín
96. We will reform principal local councils into a(n) ________ (unit) system based on
natural communities and the wishes of local people. unitary: thống nhất
97. Since ________ (regulate), banks are permitted to set their own interest rates.
deregulation: sự bãi bỏ qui định
98. These years witnessed the ________(integrate) and destruction of the English peasantry. disintegration: sự tan rã
99. This was really a(n) ________(whim) thought, and I reproved myself often for the simplicity of it. whimsical: kì dị
100. There seems to be a(n )________ (satisfy) demand for more powerful computers.
insatiable: không thỏa mãn được PRACTICE TEST 2
1. A portion of the proceeds will be ________ for providing school fees for poor
children for the coming academic year. (mark) earmarked: dành riêng
2. The administration ropes in all educational institutions, government offices, public
sector ________ and universities for the purpose of mobilising funds. (take)
undertakings: việc kinh doanh
3. Contraception is less ________ or affordable in South America. (cure)
procurable: có thể đạt được
4. Both toxic and ________ potentials are properties of all drugs. (cure) curative: chữa bệnh
5. While learning has changed for students in this new century, we are ________ by the
boundless opportunity presented in our lifetime. (bold) emboldened: khuyến khích
6. It does not become an economic ________ but it does become a ‘newly industrialized
country’, like Malaysia, Taiwan and South Korea. (power)
economic superpower: siêu cường kinh tế
7. We believe that the most effective enforcement tool is self-policing and ________ (strain).
self-restraint: tự kìm chế
8. It is possible to humanely raise and slaughter a variety of food animals, including
________ poultry and beef cattle. (range) free-range: nuôi tự nhiên
9. Most of this feature includes behind-the-scenes video ________ of the crew working and goofing off. (foot) footage: cảnh phim
10. Together they forged a(n) ________ intellectual climate that has profoundly shaped my career. (vigor)
invigorating: tiếp thêm sinh lực
11. We will investigate the tradeoffs among data ________, data hiding capacity, and
probabilities of extraction errors in different applications. (perceive)
imperceptibility: không thể thấy
12. This is a(n) ________ thriller that promises to deliver. (page) page – turning: thú vị
13. Death, from this perspective, seems unproblematically universal, a simple, irreducible
fact of our nature, ________ the same across all societies and throughout time (yield)
unyieldingly: không thay đổi
14. Of course there is a(n) ________ between such advantages of large cells and the
disadvantages of slower cell multiplication. (trade)
trade – off : sự kết hợp, đan xen
15. Today we look at claims that in Queensland, the regime that looks after the most
vulnerable people, the infirm elderly, and ________ adults, is failing. (capacity).
incapacitated: bị làm mất sức lao động
16. Scholars have tried to make a case for ________, competitiveness, and selfishness as innate human trait. (acquire)
acquisitiveness: sự thu lợi
17. The judge ruled that Newman's comments were not a(n) ________offense. (act) actionable: có thể kiện
18. She was a very selfish, ________ bad-tempered little girl. (agree) disagreeable: khó chịu
19. Before creating this sculpture, she studied all the masterpieces of classical ________ (antique). antiquity: đồ cổ:
20. He claims that the laws are ________ and have no contemporary relevance. (antique)
antiquated: không hợp thời
21. I fretted and sweated as they stalked in and stared around with that ________,
accusatory look of all cops everywhere. (approve)
disapproving: tỏ ý không tán thành
22. A good teacher can encourage ________creativity. (art) artistic: nghệ thuật
23. She's ________ and knows how to get round her parents. (art) artful: xảo quyệt
24. Most ________ or totalitarian regimes are nonconstitutional. (authority) authoritarian: độc đoán
25. One encouraging feature of period-instrument performances in recent decades has
been a growing concern with reliable and ________editions. (authority)
authoritative: hoàn chỉnh, đáng tin cậy (thông tin)
26. It is essential that there is a(n) ________ (author) use of the confidential information. unauthorised: trái phép
27. He thought back to the ________ days of his childhood. (care)
carefree: vô tư, thảnh thơi
28. They gave him a(n) ________ assurance that he would not be hurt.(category) categorical: dứt khoát
29. They are taking ________measures to safeguard their forces from the effects of chemical weapons. (caution)
precautionary: để phòng ngừa
30. Their ________ greetings did not seem heartfelt. (ceremony) ceremonious: kiểu cách
31. The full costume is only worn on important ________ occasions. (ceremony) ceremonial: trang trọng
32. Utilitarian notions in the social sciences are not enough for even providing a(n)
________ framework for grasping what actually happens. (concept)
conceptual: dựa trên khái niệm
33. It once seemed ________ to everyone that men should travel to the moon. (conceive) inconceivable: khó tin
34. The procedure is in strict ________ with standard international practices.(conform) in conformity with: tuân theo
35. The present economic policy is a(n) ________ of the earlier one. (continue) continuation: sự kế tiếp
36. An historical awareness also imparts a sense of________(continue). continuity: tính liên tục
37. Last month's elections saw a ________ in power of the country's socialist party. (continue) continuance: sự kéo dài
38. It's very ________ to find out that your own team members have been lying to you. (courage)
discouraging: mất tinh thần
39. Do you believe in the ________ powers of the local mineral water? (cure) curative: chữa bệnh
40. She has an artist's ________ eye. (discriminate) discriminating: sáng suốt
41. The government enacted laws to protect women from ________employment practices (discriminate)
discriminatory: có sự phân biệt đối xử
42. Maria loved both the children. There was never a hint of ________ (favour) favouritism: sự thiên vị
43. They often are involved in the hiring and dismissal of employees but generally have
no role in the ________ of personnel policy. (form)
formulation: sự soạn thảo
44. An agreement on the ________ of a new government was reached on June 6. (form) formation: sự thành lập
45. There are people who want to ________ you and grind you down. (humble) humiliate: làm bẽ mặt
46. The discussions reached a new level of ________ and by lunchtime the exchanges
were becoming very heated. (intense)
intensity: sự dữ dội, mãnh liệt
47. ________ and specialization in agriculture, especially in the vineyards, gave rise to
commercial exchange and opportunity for profit and saving. (intense)
Intensification: Sự đẩy mạnh
48. Areas near the frontier were rough and ________ in the old days. (law) lawless: vô trật tự
49. It is ________ for a teacher to inflict corporal punishment on pupils. (law) unlawful: trái pháp luật
50. The relation of politics and economy is a ________ of historical gradual progress. (master) masterstroke: kì công
51. A builder from South London, McAvoy was the ________ of the robbery (master)
mastermind: người vạch kế hoạch
52. Photographs and ________ that cover the walls and fill several display cases
chronicle the foods this area is famous for. (memory)
memorabilia: những việc đáng ghi nhớ, vật kỉ niệm
53. The three countries have signed a(n) ________ pledging to work together. (memory) memorandum: bản ghi nhớ
54. Olympic gold medalist Ekaterina Gordeeva is writing a(n) ________ about her life
with Sergei Grinkov, her late husband and figure-skating partner.(memory) memoir: nhật kí
55. Her first defeat was an early lesson in ________ (humble). humility: sự khiêm tốn
56. They cannot forget the ________ they suffered at the hands of their oppressors. (humble). humiliation: sự bẽ mặt
57. Sales have slowed down quite ________ (mark). markedly: rõ rệt
58. To the untrained eye, the two flowers look ________ similar. (mark)
remarkably: đáng chú ý, nổi bật
59. Always check the ________ before you buy a secondhand car (mile)
mileage: đồng hồ đo quãng đường di chuyển
60. The invention of the wheel was a(n) ________ in the history of the world. (mile)
milestone: cột mốc quan trọng
61. One ________ lapse in concentration could prove fatal. (moment)
momentary: chốc lát, nhất thời
62. It was in Glasgow, however, that many ________ events were taking place. (moment) momentous: quan trọng
63. Guy was greedy, ________, obsessed with power and self-gratification. (moral)
amoral: không theo nguyên tắc
64. Capital punishment was regarded as inhuman and ________ (moral) immoral: vô đạo đức
65. Since their interest in the past was primarily ________, precise knowledge of actual
events and when they happened was not required. (moral)
moralistic: khắc khe về mặt đạo đức
66. A couple of victories would improve the team's ________enormously. (moral) morale: tinh thần
67. You become ________ when things are not going your way and you can't really see a way out of it. (moral)
demoralised: bị suy thoái về đạo đức
68. To the audience's ________, the band suddenly stopped playing. (mystical)
mystification: sự bối rối
69. Electric-powered cars are still something of a(n) ________ (novel) novelty: sự mới lạ
70. Comparisons are simpler to make when ________ data is presented in diagrammatic
form and conclusions are easier to draw from it. (number) numerical: bằng số
71. ________ pictures have been deemed to contribute to a hostile environment (object)
Objectionable: có thể bị phản đối
72. Personal disinterest in a programme content will help your ________ in assessing its
potential for your public relations purposes. (object) objectivity: tính khách quan
73. To say that the ________(observe) of this custom or law is sacrilegious or illicit must
be regarded as ________ (error).
observance – erroneous: sự tuân thủ-sai lầm
74. Recent developments in biology have made it possible to acquire more and more
precise information concerning our genetic ________ . Scientists can even today identify
a number of genetic disorders that may cause illness and disease. (make)
genetic make-up: cấu tạo gen
75. Since 1990 the price of sugar has tended to fluctuate more wildly than any of the
other four commodity groups, and has almost ________ been the most expensive relative to 2002-2004 prices. (vary) invariably: luôn luôn
76. A dozen international poverty and development organizations published a report last
week on the impact of building new coal power plants in countries where a large
percentage of the population lacks access to electricity. The report’s conclusions are
strikingly ________: on the whole, building coal power plants does little to help the poor,
and often it can actually make them poorer. (intuition)
counter-intuitive: khác thường
77. The scandal surely ________ the end of his political career. (sign) signals/signalled: báo hiệu
78. He gained ________ for being difficult to work with as an actor. (notorious) notoriety: tai tiếng
79. Tre Transformer is quite intriguing. It is ________ one of the best movies of the year. (doubt) undoubtedly: chắc chắn
80. Her hip has been ________ for quite a while, and she'll probably need surgery on it. (trouble) troublesome: phiền
81. Her latest novel is a(n) ________ thriller, set some time in the late 21st century. (future) futuristic: hiện đại
82. The new policy only serves to ________ the inadequacy of help for the homeless. (accent) accentuate: nhấn mạnh
83. Successful candidates will be required to ________ an induction programme. (take) undertake: đảm nhận
84. Radio 4 also announced a new ________ of Primo Levi’s short story collection The
Periodic Table, starring Henry Goodman and introduced by Janet Suzman, to be
broadcast in 12 episodes of varying lengths this spring. (drama)
dramatisation: sự chuyển thành kịch
85. In the UK, the ratio of people of working age to people over 65 could fall from 3.7 to
1 in 1999 to 2.1 to 1 in 2040. This suggests a very big increase in the ________ ratio and
is consequently a cause for concern because with current spending pension commitments,
it will place a higher burden on the shrinking working population. (depend)
dependency ratio: tỷ lệ phụ thuộc
86. The UK government has already made tentative steps to raise the retirement age and
increase the role of private sector pensions. These policies will make an ageing
population more ________ (manage). manageable: dễ quản lí
87. Ian Darkin of One Traveller, which specialises in offering holidays for mature single
travellers, says: “The new generation of ________ (retire) aren’t sitting at home knitting.
Their keenness to experience other countries and cultures is ________ (diminish) with age.”
retirees – undiminished: người nghỉ hưu-không giảm bớt
88. The UN Security Council unanimously adopted a(n) ________ calling for a halt to hostilities. (solve) resolution: sự kiên quyết
89. Environmental degradation is ________ (character) as any change or aggravation to
nature’s turf seen to be pernicious or ________ (desire).
characterized – undesirable: có đặc điểm-gây khó chịu, không mong muốn
90. The United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction describes
environmental degradation as the ________ of the limit of the earth to meet social and
environmental destinations, and needs (less). lessening: sự giảm đi
91. Humans have destroyed a tenth of Earth’s remaining ________ in the last 25 years
and there may be none left within a century if trends continue, according to an
authoritative new study. (wild) wilderness: vùng hoang dã
92. Technology has been lauded as a way to free up time for us, yet the reality of an all-
consuming medium often does the reverse. New innovations bring with them a host of
________ consequences, ranging from the troubling to the downright depressing. Social
media makes us lonely. Too much screen-time makes teenagers fall behind their peers.
And at the more feeble end of the spectrum, many of us have walked into an obstacle while texting. (intend)
unintended: không được dự tính trước
93. Zombies are archetypal monsters from the bottom of the uncanny valley, with their
dead eyes and ________ faces (express).
expressionless: không biểu cảm
94. The terrible scenes were indelibly ________ on his mind (print). imprinted: in dấu ấn
95. Phyllis Schlafly, the ________ conservative activist who helped defeat the Equal
Rights Amendment in the 1970s, has died. (speak) outspoken: thẳng thắn
96. The results ________ poor hygiene as one cause of the outbreak. (imply) implicate: cho thấy
97. The country’s economic crisis had a(n) ________ effect on world markets. (settle) unsettling: đáng lo
98. The piece, which had been affected by centuries of ________ and grime, was
brought back its former glory by seven conservators from the museum's Hamilton Kerr Institute. (colour)
discolouration: sự bạc màu
99. The company has established total ________ over its rivals. (supreme) supremacy: ưu thế tối cao
100 Despite fighting between the government and SPLA rebels, citizens will be allowed
________ (hinder) access to humanitarian aid via "tranquility corrid.
unhindered: không bị cản trở PRACTICE TEST 3
1. With increasing numbers of people choosing to teach English as a foreign language,
the need to gain a(n) ________ (credit) qualification has never been more important.
accredited: được công nhận
2. A campaign is calling for the reversal of a decision to scrap A-level archaeology -
saying it would cause _______(revoke) harm to the development of future archaeologists.
irrevocable: không thể thay đổi
3. Sir Adrian was a true gentleman. He was ________ (fail) polite to everyone he met
within the business and was on first name terms with many of them, regardless of where they worked. unfailingly: luôn luôn
4. An eight-month inquiry by the all party group on ________ (mind) found frontline
public servants could be less likely to fall ill with stress, or quit altogether, if they engage
in the increasingly popular meditation practice. mindfulness: chánh niệm
5. ________ (absent) is an issue of growing concern among employers in the UK owing
to changing legislation, but there is virtually no robust data on its direct or indirect costs.
Absenteeism: sự vắng mặt không có lí do chính đáng
6. A decision to allow ________ (hear) evidence in disciplinary proceedings against a
doctor linked to child abuse claims was ________ (law).
hearsay – unlawful: tin đồn-bất hợp pháp
7. Slavoj Žižek was born in communist Yugoslavia in 1949, and received a thorough
grounding in Marxism and the principles of ________ (dialect) materialism. dialectical: biện chứng
8. Can you make up a(n) ________ (four) for tennis tomorrow? foursome: đấu cặp
9. These wonderful books ________ (capsule) moments in history in truly unforgettable ways . encapsulate: tóm lược
10. Proposals to protect the right of mentally ________ (capacity) people to be involved
in important decisions about their life have been published by the government.
incapacitated: bị làm mất sức lao động
11. Authorities in the US state of Michigan have charged a taxi driver with six counts of
murder after he went on a random shooting spree on Saturday. Jason Brian Dalton, 45,
remained ________ (express) as the charges were read in court on Monday.
expressionless: không biểu cảm
12. Around 40% of jobseekers have been without work for more than one year, the report
says, running "significant risks of ________ (moral), loss of self-esteem and mental health problems"
demoralization: sự làm mất tinh thần
13. A former migrant has returned home to Senegal after becoming ________ (heart)
with life as an illegal migrant in Spain. After six years, Babacar Dialor Faye never got his
legal documents and had to live on ________ (hand) from the Red Cross.
disheartened – handouts: nản lòng-sự cứu trợ
14. Kids have become ________ (sense) to violence. Someone's been shot, and kids are
playing up and down the streets on their bikes, because they're used to seeing it and that's
also what you see in a war zone.
desensitized: bớt nhạy cảm
15. Parents often favour one child over another and, at its worst, parental________
(favour) can be one of the most profound and damaging emotional dynamics a child ever
encounters. It can affect the rest of their lives. favouritism: sự thiên vị
16. When Emma was widowed in 1879, she decided to leave her home in Koblenz,
Germany, to start ________ (new) in Glasgow, and settled in the city by 1881. anew: từ đầu
17. Anti-terrorism police patrol units are to be introduced across London boroughs. This
tactic was endorsed by Lord Harris in his review of London's ________ (prepare) for a
terror attack, commissioned by the mayor.
preparedness: sự chuẩn bị sẵn sàng
18. Reports of memory loss with long-term cannabis use are nothing new, and an
influential paper published last year provided evidence that smoking marijuana has a(n)
________ (delete) effect on intelligence. deleterious: có hại
19. THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) is the primary psychoactive compound in cannabis and
is what causes the subjective "high". This includes changes in ________ (perceive)
sensations, a feeling of ________ (content) and increased appetite .
perceptual – contentment: thuộc giác quan-sự thỏa mãn
20. Cyanide ________ (toxic) is experienced by humans at doses of around 0.5–3.5
milligrams per kilogram of body weight . toxicity: tính độc
21. She has become increasingly ________ (opinion) and verbalises her opinions
forcefully without any insight into their effect on others.
opinionated: bảo thủ, ngoan cố
23. ________ who want to fund the restoration of a derelict arts centre in Cheltenham
have pleaded with other bidders to let it become community-run (benefit) Benefactors: nhà hảo tâm
24. He was a bad influence on the child, who was at a(n) ________ (impress) age.
inpressionable: dễ bị ảnh hưởng
25. Membership talks were launched in 2005, but progress has been slow, as several EU
states have serious ________ about Turkish EU membership. (give) misgivings: mối nghi ngại
26. He has such great power and yet talked with such ________(humble). There aren’t
many people in politics who are as charismatic as President Obama.
humility: sự khiêm nhường
27. For many people Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827) is the most influential figure in
the history of western classical music. His extraordinary talent was already clearly
evident as a young man, ________ (mercy) surviving a somewhat unconventional
upbringing during which his eccentric father would often force him to take music lessons in the middle of the night.
mercifully: 1 cách nhân từ, một cách may mắn
28. How often have you seen rich people take to the stress, shouting that they are earning
too much? Protesters are typically blue-collar workers yelling that the minimum page has
to go up, or that their jobs should not go overseas. Concern about ________ (fair) is
always ________(symmetry), stronger in the poor than the rich. And the ________ (lie)
emotions are not as ________(loft) as the ideal itself. Children become
thoroughly________ (indignation) as the slightest discrepancy in, say, the size of their
slice of pizza compared to their sibling’s.
fairness: sự công bằng, asymmetrical: không đều nhau, underlying: cơ sở, cơ bản, lofty:
kiêu kỳ, indignant: căm phẫn
29. Many teachers expressed serious ________ (give) about the new tests. misgivings: mối lo ngại
30. The price of property in the city is ________ (prohibit) prohibitive: đắt đỏ
31. ________ is an economic theory which states that a progressively greater level of
consumption is beneficial to the consumers. (consume)
consumerism: chủ nghĩa tiêu dùng
32. If your credit card debt is mounting and yet you can't stop spending, you could be a ________(shop). shopaholic: nghiện mua sắm
33. The number of people suffering from shopping addiction has . ________ (TAKE) the
number of drug and drink addicts combined. overtaken: vượt
34. Everyone has heard of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart; few of his son Franz Xaver. A
new CD collection ________ (title) The Other Mozart celebrates Franz's music - in all its
haunting, ________ (melancholy) innocence. The 27 songs are brief slivers of ideas,
________ (develop) shadows of what might have been, reaching a beautiful fulfillment in
the later works. But it is clear that the music never reaches the heights of his genius
father. Franz was the youngest of Mozart's children, and his mother's hopes and
ambitions focused on him following the ________ (mature) death of his father. The very
best teachers were automatically available to Franz's, who made his public debut as a
singer, aged five. The songs bring to light Franz's ________. (piano) accomplishments;
the piano parts are extremely demanding. The songs hint at Franz's love for a woman;
they speak time and again of unattainable love and ________ (fulfil) longing.
________ (realist), however, the fact remains that this music, had it been written by a
composure of any other name, would probably have remained buried in the archives.
entitled: cho quyền, melancholic: u buồn, underdeveloped: chưa phát triển hoàn toàn,
premature: sớm, pianistic: thuộc về piano, unfulfilled: không thành, realistically: thực tế là
35. The region has several medium-sized towns and cities, but no major ________ (urban) conurbation: khu thành phố
36. When you're on a cross-country flight, it's tough to tolerate the ________ crying of a baby. (cease) incessant: không dứt
37. Our ________ mind registers things which our conscious mind is not aware of. (conscious) subconscious: tiềm thức
38. They were now faced with seemingly ________ technical problems (mount).
insurmountable: không thể vượt qua
39. The report should distinguish clearly between ________ fact, firm opinion and mere speculation (dispute)
indisputable: không thể chối cãi
40. They have become ________, with both sides refusing to compromise any further. (reconcile)
irreconcilable: không thể giảng hòa
41. Finland’s metalworkers' union chief Riku Aalto has criticised government proposals
to alter nationwide labour conditions as ________and unprofessional (amateur). amateurish: nghiệp dư
42. His interpretation of the figures is far too ________ (simple) simplistic: đơn giản
43. The organization insists that it is ________ and does not identify with any one particular party (politics) apolitical: phi chính trị
44. The new regulations will be ________ for small businesses. (burden) burdensome: phiền toái
45 Solon replies that birds like peacocks are ________ in their beauty. (compare) incomparable: vô song
46. It is ________ to generalize from the results of a single experiment. (advise) inadvisable: không nên
47. Try not to ________ to criticism (react)
overreact: phản ứng quá mạnh mẽ
48. He was confused and ________ and I didn't get much sense out of him. (cohere)
incoherent: không mạch lạc
49. Gradually she began to notice one or two little ________ in his character. (perfect)
imperfections: sự không hoàn hảo
50. They’re concerned about the ________ of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. (build) buildup: sự tích tụ
51. Karen has always felt ________ by her famous elder sister. (shadow)
overshadowed: bị làm lu mờ
52. An increasing number of tests are available for detecting foetal ________ (normal).
abnormalities: sự bất bình thường
53. He is currently standing trial for alleged ________ (practice)
malpractices: hành động phi pháp
54. All points on a circle are ________ (distant) from the centre.
equidistant: khoảng cách bằng nhau
55. The worsening situation forced the company to ________ (size) from 39 employees to 7. downsize: cắt giảm
56. The new version of the program comes with a much better user ________(face). interface: giao diện
57. Who will be the main ________ of the cuts in income tax? (benefit)
beneficiary: người được hưởng lợi
58. The parents showed remarkable ________(bear) toward their defiant and unruly son.
forbearance: sự chịu đựng, rộng lượng
59. A(n) ________(mean/menace) has been committed but the offender has not been caught. misdemeanour: tội nhẹ
60. I keep getting ________ (contrary) advice - some people tell me to keep it warm and some tell me to put ice on it. contradictory: mâu thuẫn
61. He gazed at her with ________ (smell) eyes, wishing she wasn't married.
smouldering/smoldering: âm ỉ
62. He had a(n) ________ (rival) knowledge of south Arabian society, religion, law and customs.
unrivalled: không gì sánh được
63. The ship is an exact ________ (reply) of the original Golden Hind. replica: bản sao
64. ________(provide) and expression as well as musical accompaniment of the exercises
plays a central role in the training programme of the Medau-Schule.
Improvisation: sự ứng biến
65. Ariadne herself personifies the passively courageous, endlessly ________(resource),
and ________ (love) restorative element in every psyche.
resourceful – lovingly: tháo vát-yêu thương, âu yếm
66. ________ (brain) on creative tasks has been a major activity in the advertising
business where it began in the 1930s.
Brainstorming: ý kiến bất chợt
67. Abuses of the investigative process may ________(perceive) lead to abridgment of protected freedoms
imperceptibly: không thể nhận thấy
68. Their contributions to science have earned them a(n) ________ (last) place in history. everlasting: vĩnh viễn
69. She appeared on television to make a(n) ________ (passion) plea for help.
impassioned: mãnh liệt, dữ dội
70. No one will raise moral psychology of the question of obesity, for fear of sounding
________(passion) and ________(reaction).
uncompassionate – reactionary: tàn nhẫn-phản động
71. We should take a more ________ (passion) view and consider the long-term effects of Briant's work.
dispassionate: không thiên vị
72. The solutions ________ (compass) a wide range of options to suit all tastes and pockets. encompass: xoay quanh
73. He was known to be a loud-mouthed, ________ (opinion) bigot.
opinionated: ngoan cố, khăng khăng giữ ý kiến của mình
74. The aim of the report is to ________ (lucid) the main points of the new regulations. elucidate: làm sáng tỏ
75. Some things are ________ (alien) true: Water is wet, gra is green (kind of), dogs bark and houses prices rise
inalienably: không thể thay đổi
76. Jack tried to ________ (one) for his rudeness by sending her some flowers. atone: chuộc lỗi
77. By 1980 the Republican Party platform had become antiabortion; and a president who
pledged to ________ (law) abortion altogether had been elected. outlaw: cấm
78. Tootle seems to be essentially a(n) ________ (caution) tale, warning the child to stay on the narrow road of virtue. cautionary: để cảnh báo
79. The country's great influence in the world is ________ (proportion) to its relatively small size.
disproportionate: thiếu cân đối
80. In the US, a school ________ (intend) is in charge of the schools in a particular area. superintendent: giám thị
81. The demonstrators ________ (brand) banners and shouted slogans. brandished: nói một loạt
82. He has a(n) ________(can) knack of being able to see immediately where the problem lies.
uncanny: phi thường, kì lạ
83. Mick was stubborn and ________ (dominate) with a very bad temper.
domineering: độc đoán, hốc hách
84. My profession had an important influence in the formation of my character and ________ (temper). temperament: tính khí
85. The final whistle was greeted with ________ (triumph) cheers from players and spectators.
triumphant:chiến thắng, vui mừng
86. She has never traced back her ________ (line), but believes her grandparents were from Aberdeenshire. lineage: dòng dõi
87. She was a devout Catholic and, so far as I am aware, ________ (assail/salient) morally.
unassailable: không thể đánh đổ
88. In the field of ________ (diet), standards of practice have been developed for practitioners in the field. dietetics: dinh dưỡng
89. I am afraid I have quite a(n) ________ (incline) to retire on a pension.
disinclination: sự không thích
90. A(n) ________ (reach) and comprehensive strategy, carefully integrated with broader
plans for health care reform, is required.
far-reaching: có ảnh hưởng sâu rộng
91. They're making efforts to streamline their normally ________(cumber) bureaucracy. cumbersome: phức tạp
92. Trading can be characterized as a pure, ________ (cumber) personal choice with an immediate outcome.
unencumbered: không lúng túng
93. He's ________(centre), ________(manipulate), insensitive; classic signs of a personality problem.
self-centred – manipulative: ích kỉ-áp đặt
94. Sometimes a sympathetic friend can be a constant source of discouragement, all ________ (know). unknowingly: vô tình
95. Some say he was reborn as an undead god, others that he was simply a(n) ________ spirit.
disembodied: tách rời thể xác
96. This book is about people who claim to have ________ (normal) abilities such as ESP and mind-reading.
paranormal: bất bình thường
97. The refugees slept in ________ (shift) tents at the side of the road. makeshift: tạm thời
98. The inheritance of ________ (mode) company structures from the past, reinforced by
further concentration, produced very rigid company organisation. outmoded: lỗi thời
99. In the ________ (mingle) of news and commercials we have a struggle of sorts
between two different orientations. intermingling: trộn lẫn
100. Two hijackers used fake explosives to _______ (command) the airliner. commandeer: kiểm soát PRACTICE TEST 4
A. There are a myriad of lifestyle issues affecting the youth of today. Such is the pressure
heaped on many school-goers to achieve academic excellence by their parents that these
1_______ (real) expectations are causing children to become hopelessly depressed.
Indeed, some, in their 2_______ (despair) to escape and their sense of guilt at being
unable reach the levels of success demanded of them by their 3_______ (push) parents,
either rebel in what is 4_______ (amount) to a cry for help, or, worse still, engage in
5_______ (harm). It is no coincidence that suicide rates, expecially amongst young
males, have been rising steadily for some time now. These are tough times to be a teen.
Then there are those who get hooked on the internet; the 6 _______ (virtue) world
becomes their reality. For these teens, their social circle shrinks 7_______ (drama) until,
at last, their friendship sphere is limited solely to their online 8_______ (bud). Not alone
do they commonly suffer from sleep 9_______ (private) on account of their destructive
addiction to game play and net-surfing, their behaviour may become so 10 _______ (err)
and peculiar over time as to be considered 11_______ (social) . And while they sit at
their computer screens hidden away in splendid isolation from the real world, such is the
lack of exercise they get that their calorie intake far exceeds what is necessary for them to
maintain a stable weight. In essence, due to their sedentary lifestyle, their weight
12_______ (rocket) until such time as they become morbidly obese.
1. unrealistic : phi thực tế 2. desperation: sự tuyệt vọng 3. pushy: thúc ép
4. tantamount: tương đương với 5. self-harm: tự làm hại bản thân 6. virtual: ảo 7. dramatically 8. buddies: bạn
9. deprivation: sự tước đoạt
10. erractic: thất thường 11. antisocial : khó gần gũi 12. skyrockets: tăng mạnh
B. The standard of television programming produced in this country is in terminal
decline. The 1_______ (shed) has become a meaningless term confined in its 2_______
(apply) to 3_______ (go) days when adult content felt the full force of censorship and
was not allowed to appear on the box until after 9:00 p.m. Nowadays, however, it seems
anything goes any time. And, truth told, whatever anything is, it seldom 'goes' for much
longer than a half hour or so at any rate before it is interrupted by a commercial break.
And don't even get me started on those appalling 4_______ (inform) most of the
networks run right the way through the night, one after another, for up to thirty minutes at
a time. lt is truly painful. Terrestrial television is now, as far as I am concerned, a
laughing stock. All the quality has been bought up by the satellite networks, with their
big-money weight behind them, but even here 5_______ (pick) are slim. In protest at the
dire state of things, I have become a converted 6_______ (net). I look to the web now to
find good content. There, I can find just enough 7_______ (run) of quality programmes
to prevent myself from falling into utter despair and pining for the good old days of 8_______ (year).
1. watershed: bước ngoặt 2. applicability: tính có thể ứng dụng
3. bygone: đã qua 4. infomercials: quảng cáo 5. pickings: lợi lộc 6. netizen: dân mạng 7. re-run: sự phát lại
8. yesteryear: quá khứ, năm ngoái
C. In January 2001, the 1_______ (govern) Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) issued its
latest report on climate change. Climate models worked out by giant super-computers had
become far more reliable since the previous report in 1995 and allowed them to
2_______ (praise) the earlier projections for global warming. Their conclusions were that
something very serious is happening and that it cannot be a natural process. The 1990s
was the hottest decade for 1,000 years and the Earth is warming faster than at any time in
the last 10,000 years. According to the report, human activities are 3_______
(equivocate) to blame for the temperature rise. The burning of fossil fuels releases carbon
dioxide and, due to deforestation, there are fewer trees to absorb this gas and recycle it
back into oxygen. Methane 4_______ (concentrate) have also gone up dramatically
because of increases in rice culture and 5_______ (cattle), both of which generate
methane from 6_______ (compose) vegetation. These greenhouses gases trap heat in the
Earth’s atmosphere and cause the temperature to rise. In the worst case, the resulting
melting of ice-caps and glaciers would cause sea levels to rise by up to 88 cm,
endangering the homes and 7_______ (lively) of tens of millions of people who live in low-lying regions.
Unfortunately, there is far greater 8_______ (unanimous) among the world’s scientists
over the issue than among politicians. As long ago as 1990, the IPCC recommended a
60% reduction in carbon dioxide 9_______ (emit), as the basic level required to return
the planet’s climate to a healthy level. Governments globally failed to 10_______ (act)
these proposals. Now that the dangers have been reaffirmed by the latest report, it is high
time that governments took an active interest in exploring alternative, renewable energy sources.
1. intergovernmental: nhiều chính phủ
2. reappraise: đánh giá lại 3.unequivocally: rõ rệt, dứt khoát
4. concentrations: nồng độ
5. cattle(-)raising/ breeding: chăn nuôi gia súc 6. decomposing: phân hủy 7. livelihood: sinh kế
8. unanimity : sự nhất trí
9. emissions: sự tỏa ra, khí thải 10. enact: ban hành
D. People intuitively recognize the importance of self-esteem to their psychological
health, so it isn't particularly remarkable that most of us try to protect and enhance it in
ourselves whenever possible. What is remarkable is that attention to self-esteem has
become a(n) 1_______ (commune) concern, at least for Americans, who see a favorable
opinion of oneself as the central psychological source from which all manner of positive
outcomes spring. The corollary, that low self-esteem lies at the root of individual and thus
2_______ (society) problems and 3_______ (function), has sustained an ambitious social
agenda for decades. Indeed, campaigns to raise people's sense of self-worth abound.
Consider what transpired in California in the late 1980s. Prodded by State Assemblyman
John Vasconcellos, Governor George Deukmejian set up a task force on self-esteem and
personal and social responsibility. Vasconcellos argued that raising self-esteem in young
people would reduce crime, teen pregnancy, drug abuse, school 4_______ (achieve) and
pollution. At one point, he even expressed the hope that these efforts would one day help
balance the state budget, a prospect predicated on the observation that people with high
5_______ (regard) earn more than others and thus pay more in taxes. Along with its other
activities, the task force assembled a team of scholars to survey the relevant literature.
The results appeared in a 1989 volume 6_______ (title) The Social Importance of Self-
Esteem, which stated that "many, if not most, of the major problems plaguing society
have roots in the low self-esteem of many of the people who make up society." In reality,
the report contained little to support that assertion.
1. communal : công cộng, chung 2. societal : thuộc xã hội 3. dysfunctions : sự
hoạt động khác thường 4. underachievement: sự làm kém, không tốt như mong đợi5. self-regard : tự trọng
6. entitled: được đặt tên
E. An emerging discipline called neuroaesthetics is seeking to bring scientific 1_______
(objective) to the study of art, and has already given us a better understanding of many
2_______ (master). The blurred 3_______ (image) of Impressionist paintings seems to
stimulate the brain's amygdala, for instance. Since the amygdala plays a crucial role in
our feelings, that finding might explain why many people find these pieces so 4_______ (move).
Could the same approach also shed light on abstract twentieth-century pieces, from
Mondrian's geometrical blocks of colour, to Pollock's 5_______(seem) haphazard
arrangements of splashed paint on canvas? 6_______ (sceptical) believe that people
claim to like such works simply because they are famous. We certainly do have an
inclination to follow the crowd. When asked to make simple 7_______ (perceive)
decisions such as matching a shape to its rotated image, for example, people often choose
a definitively wrong answer if they see others doing the same. It is easy to imagine that
this 8_______ (mental) would have even more impact on a fuzzy concept like art
appreciation, where there is no right or wrong answer.
1. objectivity: tính khách quan 2. masterpieces: kiệt tác 3.imagery : hình tượng 4.moving: cảm động 5. seemingly: có vẻ
6. skeptics: những người hoài nghi 7.
perceptual : thuộc tri giác, cảm giác 8. mentality: tâm lí
F. Pop art was a(n) 1_______ (convention) art style in which 2_______ (common)
objects such as comic strips, soup cans and road signs were used as subject matter, and
were often incorporated into the work. The pop art movement was largely a British and
American cultural phenomenon of the late 1950s and ‘60s. Art critic Lawrence Alloway,
referring to the prosaic 3_______ (icon) of its painting and sculpture, named the
movement pop art. It represented an attempt to return to a more objective and 4_______
(universe) accepted form of art after the dominance in both the United States and Europe
of the highly personal abstract 5_______ (express). The art form was iconoclastic,
rejecting the 6_______ (supreme) of the ‘high art’ of the past and the 7_______ (pretend)
of other contemporary avant-garde art. Pop art became a cultural institution because of its
close reflection of a particular social situation and because its easily 8_______
(comprehend) images were immediately exploited by the mass media. Although the
critics of pop art describe it as sensational and non-aesthetic, its proponents saw it as an
art that was democratic and not 9_______ (discriminate), bringing together both
connoisseurs and untrained inexperienced viewers. Even though public reaction to pop art
was 10_______ (favour), it found critical acceptance as a form of art suited to the highly
technological, mass media-oriented society of western countries.
1. unconventional: trái với thường lệ
2. commonplace : tầm thường, quen thuộc
3. iconography: sự mô tả bằng hình tượng 4. universally: toàn cầu
5. expressionism : chủ nghĩa biểu hiện 6. supremacy: uy quyền
7. pretentiousness: sự phô trương, khoe khoang
8. comprehensible: có thể hiểu được
9. discriminatory: phân biệt đối xử
10. unfavourable: không có ích
G. The comedy Bringing Up Baby, on the other hand, presents practically non-stop
dialogue delivered at 1_______ (neck) speed. This use of dialogue 2_______ (score) not
only the dizzy quality of the character played by Katherine Hepburn, but also the
3_______ (absurd) of the film itself and thus its humor. The audience is bounced from
gag to gag and conversation to conversation; there is no time for audience reflection. The
audience is caught up in a(n) 4_______ (wind) of activity in simply managing to follow
the plot. This film presents pure 5______ (escape) - largely due to its frenetic dialogue.
1. breakneck: nguy hiểm 2. underscores: nhấn mạnh 3. absurdity: điều vô lí 4. whirlwind: cơn lốc
5. escapism: sự thoát li thực tế PRACTICE TEST 4
1. This place is an ___________ zone, which is restricted to people who work in the
Parliamentary House only. (EXCLUDE) exclusionary: cấm vào
2. He was ___________ by the darkness and got lost in the forest. (NIGHT) benighted: dốt nát
3. He was ___________ with intelligence but he tried hard to make up for it. (ENDOW)
unendowed: không được trời phú
4. Any ___________ gimmicks are forbidden in this competition. (MALICE) malicious: hiểm độc
5. Surely all women must have ___________ instinct or the human race would die out. (MOTHER) maternal: thuộc về mẹ
6. Putting up with noise coming from the neighbor is probably the most ____________ thing. (TO) untoward: bất tiện
7. The leader was taken into custody, which brought an end to the _____________. (SURGE) insurgency: sự nổi loạn
8. The spectacular view of Sa Pa has _____________ many visitors. (RAPTURE) enraptured: làm thích thú
9. Andy has received such _____________ fame after he tried himself in the school’s play. (WONT) unwonted: hiếm thấy
10. The aridity in that area _____________ a poor crop. (TOKEN)
betokens: là biểu hiện của
11. Some people argue that money has _____________ football. (BASE)
debased: làm giảm giá trị
12. This remote village bore the _____________ of the storm. (PREDATOR) depredation: sự đánh phá
113. “People” is a ____________ word. (SYLLABLE) disyllabic: gồm 2 âm tiết
14. The young boy was _____________ by the two men who then asked the innocent for money. (WAY) waylaid: đón đường
15. Taking that old lady for a ride is _____________. (CONSCIENCE) unconscionable: phi lý
16. To achieve the _____________ logic, you have to employ certain techniques of using
connectives like ‘and’, ‘or’ in the right place within the sentence. (SENTENCE) sentential: cách ngôn
17. This chair is almost too ____________, so replace it with a new one! (ANNUAL) superannuated: quá cũ
18. Underground nuclear _____________ are believed to have been carried out. (NOTE) denotations: dấu hiệu
19. The opponents of nuclear power may object to the scheme for some ______________ reasons. (MENTION)
undermentioned: được nên bên dưới
20. Every point in his speech is _____________, which allows the audience to follow easily. (PERSPEX) perspicuous: rõ ràng
21. The ______________ is used to measured the smallest things! (MICRO) micrometer: vi kế
22. His ______________ talking annoys the teachers a lot. (TERMINAL) interminable: liên miên
23. Many ______________ policies have come into force to boost the economic development. (BUSINESS)
pro-business: tốt cho doanh nghiệp
24. A(n) _____________ schedule assists me in passing the day smoothly. (ARRANGE) prearranged: đặt trước
25. Allowing yourself anything you like makes you a ____________ figure. (INDULGE)
self-indulgent: tự nuông chiều
26. Mary ______________ with her husband about his budget this month. (POSTULATE) expostulated: phản đối
27. It is impossible to _______________ his excellence at work. (SAY) gainsay: phủ nhận
28. People in coastal area live mainy on the ______________, which allows them to earn
a great deal of money from the sea products (CULTURE)
aquaculture: sự trồng trên nước
29. People felt a great pity for the time spent to see such a(n) _____________ film. (ABYSS) abysmal: cực kì xấu
30. Every book has a ______________ including what the authors say about their masterpiece. (WORD) foreword: lời nói đầu
31. I cannot imagine why there are such ______________ people in this world. Don’t
they feel any sympathy for the homeless? (HEART) hard-hearted: nhẫn tâm
32. I will bring my unbrella along on the _____________ that it rains. (CHANCE) offchance: ít khả năng
33. The dramatic decrease in the ________________ of this factory can be a direct result of underpayment. (PUT) throughput: lưu lượng
34. The contaminated drinking water in Flint, Michigan can cause ______________ consequences. (LIFE) lifelong: cả đời
35. It is a _____________ fact that the vegeterian sausages were invented during World War I. (KNOW)
little-known: ít được biết tới
36. His recent unpredictable mood ____________ him from his friends. (STRANGE)
estranges: li gián, làm xa cách
37. I was ______________ and fell in love with her immediately at first sight. (LOVE)
lovestruck: bị tiếng sét ái tình
38. The camera must be clean with a soft ____________ cloth. Otherwise, the water will
permeate and cause damage. (WRING) well-wrung: được vắt kĩ
39. His recent ups and downs made the criminal more ____________ than ever. (BITE) hard-bitten: chai lì
40. John Cena used to be in his _____________ in WWE but since his dislocation, he had
to leave for operation and it would take him a long time to make a full recovery. (DAY) heyday: thời hoàng kim
41. Bats use ______________ to navigate in the dark when hunting prey. (LOCATION) echolocation: tiếng vang
42. He was lying, indicated by the _______________ sign that his hands were shivering. (TELL) tell-tale: làm lộ
43. Thanks to the _____________ at the bottom of the page, the Chinese-VietNamese
poem becomes more accessible. (NOTE)
footnote/annotation: chú thích
44. The dog seems rather _______________; it must not have been fed for days. (SEE) unsightly: không ưa nhìn
45. ________________ injection is the most common way to inject drugs. (VEIN)
intravenous: trong tĩnh mạch
46. _________________ medication brings about a quick relief but it is not
recommended for long-term treatment. (ACT)
short-acting: trong thời gian ngắn
47. Ivan’s camera now ________________ because he carelessly dropped it into the pool. (FUNCTION)
malfunctions: không hoạt động được
48. Mary told the doctor about her stomach’s ________________. It didn’t seem to work properly. (FUNCTION)
dysfunction: sự hoạt động khác thường
49. A cock roach can continue to live for a few days even if it is ________________. (CAPITA)
decapitated: bị cắt phần ngọn, phần đầu
50. Their house is decorated in such a _________________ way so that it fit in with other houses. (DESCRIBE)
nondescript: thông thường, bình dân
51. ________________ people are strong and healthy ones who can make a living on their own. (BODY)
able-bodied: cơ thể khỏe mạnh
52. I spent the whole evening _______________ my messy house. (CLUTTER) decluttering: dọn dẹp
53. Remember to read every _______________ in the contract because it can be a trap for the unwary. (PRINT)
small-print: phần in chữ nhỏ
54. I did my project in my own way, not in a ________________ one. (TREAD) well-trodden: nhiều người
55. From six o’clock _______________, I’m home! (ON) onwards: kể từ
56. Some of the ________________ and __________________ regions in Somalia have
adopted distinctive symbols , including flags, while others continue to use the Somali flag. (DEPEND/AUTONOMY)
quasi-independent/semi autonomous: gần như độc lập
57. A(n) _________________ disease is one that will gradually deteriorate the
functioning of any one part in your body. (GENERATE) degenerative: suy thoái
58. It is widely known that judges have _________________ powers. (DISCRETION)
discretionary: tự do theo ý mình
59. The little boy left his hand-made boat _______________ on the river. (DRIFT) adrift: trôi giạt
60. The students are ________________ seperated into differnt classes. (QUALIFY) qualitatively: định tính
61. He suffered from headaches as an _______________ of his accident. (AFFECT) aftereffect: di chứng
62. The renown that Michael Jackson gained for himself is almost ________________. (SUPERIOR)
insuperable: không thể vượt qua
63. Viet Nam used to be ________________ into two seperate areas, with the border being Gianh river. (MASS) demassified: chia ra
64. The walls were _________________ with colors, which make it so beautiful. (STRIPE) striated: có sọc
65. A bottle of cooled water had __________________ effects on us after a long walk. (VIGOR)
invigorating: làm phấn khởi lên
66. Hand ________________ is accused of including BBA, which can cause many health problems. (SANITARY)
sanitizer: phương tiện sát trùng
67. Their trouble is __________________. They themselves made the situation worse. (INFLICT) self-inflicting: tự gây ra
68. The _________________ inside our bodies is a complex system. (MUSCLE) musculature: hệ thống cơ
69. I do not understand why Adriana was so ________________ at last night’s party. She
is usually clever and tactical when meeting people. (ADROIT) maladroit: vụng về
70. Viet Nam went through _________________ process and became an independent country. (COLONY)
decolonisation: phi thực dân hóa PRACTICE TEST 5
1. The act of _________ should be prohibited under any circumstances. Everyone all has
equal rights to vote. (FRANCHISE)
disenfranchisement: sự tước quyền công dân
2. The boss ordered his staff to be ________ with each other in dealing with the
company's end-of-year burden. (LABOR) collaborative: cộng tác
3. It is such a _________ story that the mom lost her child when her family immigrated
from Africa into Europe. (LUCK) hard-luck: cảm động
4. The mayor was determined that he would do everything in his power to _________ the murder case. (MYSTERY) demystify: làm rõ
5. The government stressed it was not abandoning its tough __________ policies. (INFLATE)
anti-inflationary: chống lạm phát
6. The woman detected her ________ conditions soon after she felt ill in her body. (CANCER)
precancerous: báo trước bệnh ung thư
7. I cast my eyes ________ and saw the geese flying in V-line. (HEAVEN)
heavenwards: về phía chân trời
8. ________ programs are offered to those who want to do professional training while being paid to work. (SERVICE)
In-service: đang thực hiện
9. It is inhumane to sell ________ limbs of the animals, such as rhinoceros or elephants, in the market place. (MEMBER)
dismembered: chia thành từng phần, cắt thành từng phần
10. He was regarded as a _______ winner as he beat his opponents in three straight sets. (RUN) runaway: nhanh, dễ dàng
11. Although some hold out hope for a sea wall and land reclamation programme, it is
admittedly nothing more than a mere ________ (STOP)
stopgap: sự thay thế tạm thời
12. A(n) ________ is implanted in the body to prop up the heart. (MAKE)
pacemaker: máy điều hòa nhịp tim
13. She is ________ gorgeous in that gown. (DIE) drop-dead: bất thần
14. His behavior at the party was _________, which went beyond everyone's expectations. (ERR) aberrant: khác thường
15. The advent of computers was one of the _________ milestones in the mankind's history. (NOTE) noteworthy: đáng chú ý
16. His condition was so serious _________ as he had to stay in hospital for a month. (MUCH) inasmuch: bởi vì
17. Pending the _________ of KFC, the manager had to catch up on a huge number of backlogs. (TAKE)
takeover: quyền tiếp quản
18. It is __________ to be waken up by the noisy music from the neighbor's house. (IRK) irksome: annoying
19. Like many other __________ of my age, I dread to use hi-tech gears. (TECHNICAL)
technophobes: người sợ công nghệ
20. Bacteria derived from __________ disease can be contagious among people having reciprocal contact. (MENINGES) meningitic: viêm màng não
21. The woman is getting older. She is now in the __________ year of her age. (LIGHT) twilight: tuổi xế chiều
22. Chemicals are easily __________ if they are laid open in the atmosphere for a long time. (ACTION)
deactivated: không hoạt động
23. The spectators booed as the referee did not disallow the _______ goal. (SIDE) offside: việt vị
24. The government must work at full tilt to promote the economy and reduce the ________. (EFFICIENT)
deficits: số tiền thiếu hụt
25. The Earth is experiencing a major ________ in the climate. (HEAVE) upheaval: chuyển biến
26. My ________ is the unique thing that distinguishes me from others. (MARK) birthmark: vết bớt
27. Children who grow up in peace tend to be more ________ than those who grow up in war. (ADAPT) maladapted: không thích nghi
28. My mother ________ me a great deal of encouragement after I got bad grades in my exam. (VOUCH) vouchsafed: dành, ban phát
29. He is a(n) ________ man. He does not gain any ground in his family. (WILL)
weak-willed: yếu đuối, thiếu ý chí
30. You can look at the ________ of this Chinese book to see the elucidation of these new words. (ADD) addendum: phụ lục
31. The reaction that occurs within the cell is called _________ reaction. (CELL) intracellular: nội bào
32. He was ________ from the hustle and bustle of life since he moved to this rural area. (TANGLE)
disentangled: thoát khỏi cảnh rối rắm
33. I ________ over whether to go abroad or not. (SHALL) shilly-shally: do dự
34. Many people nowadays want to indulge themselves in ________ industries such as finance and the like. (KNOW)
knowledge-based: dựa vào tri thức
35. Please accept this ________ as a reminder of your stay here. (REMEMBER) memento: vật lưu niệm
36. A(n) ________ is the one who turns into wolf during full moon. (WOLF) werewolf: ma sói
37. Nitrogen oxide is a(n) ________ compound of oxygen and nitrogen. (ATOM)
biatomic: lưỡng nguyên tử
38. The story broadens the horizon of the children about their _______. (BEAR) forebears: tổ tiên
39. I met my old friend at the supermarket this morning, which was quite ________. (FORTUNE) fortuitous: tình cờ
40. The mall has intrigued a great number of visitors since it was ________ last month. (GRAND) aggrandized: mở rộng
41. She cast her eyes ________ and saw a mysterious man looking at her. (STREET)
streetwards: về phía con đường
42. The girl excelled herself at the exam and came ________ to the two boys. (THREE) tertiary: thứ ba
43. Scientists from Russia, America and Japan have recently filled the periodic table’s
seventh row with four _________ chemical elements. (HEAVE) superheavy: siêu nặng
44. It is a misconception that _________ human blood is blue. (OXYGEN) deoxygenated: mất hết oxy
45. The house is painted in such a(n) _________ style. (SAVOUR)
unsavoury: nhạt nhẽo, vô vị
46. In this modern day, you have to keep yourself _________ so as not to lag behind others. (DATE)
uptodate: bắt kịp thời đại
47. This book is _________. You can find information about the varieties of plants
around the world here. (EMBRACE)
all-embracing: bao gồm tất cả
48. The little rainfall ________ a poor crop for farmers in this village. (BODE) foreboded: dự báo
49. That word is such a(n) ________. It is not easy to pronounce at all. (JAW)
jawbreaker: từ khó phát âm
50. _________ and disinfectants are widely used in hospital to kill the bacteria. (SEPTIC)
antiseptics: chất khử trùng
51. Due to the prolonged _________, the goods arrived later than we had expected. (CONTAIN)
containerization: sự cho hàng vào container
52. Found in ________ condition, the house is intended to be demolished. (DOWN)
run-down: xuống cấp, tồi tệ
53. ________ of violence has been possible by means of television. (DOCTRINE)
Indoctrination: sự truyền bá
54. He laid his desk _________. It is untidily filled with all kinds of stuff. (HEAP) aheap: ngổn ngang
55. It is ________ that he will press ahead with his project. Nothing can prevent him. (ODD) odds-on: chắc chắn
56. X-rays, known as a form of ________, are widely utilized nowadays to diagnose medical conditions. (RADIAL) irradiation: bức xạ
57. His misunderstanding of the situation resulted in his _________. Everyone could
make out the embarassing remarks on his face. (COMPOSE)
discomposure: sự mất bình tĩnh
58. The minister _________ the fight against hunger in his opening speech. (ACCENT) accentuated: nhấn mạnh
59. Even the most _________ equipment cannot replace the role of the teachers in the future. (ART)
state-of-the-art: công nghệ hiện đại
60. America is considered one of the biggest _________ in the world. (POWER) superpowers: cường quốc
61. The water ________ in the building is of great concern. It can damage the walls if not
managed properly and timely. (FILL) infiltration: sự thấm qua
62. He took off his hat and a pigeon flew out. It was ________ a trick. (GUILE) beguilingly: lí thú
63. In a _________ manner, he stepped into the room and shouted at the top of his voice. (DOUBT) redoubtable: đáng sợ
64. You should not assess a situation from such a(n) ________ side. (LATERAL) unilateral: đơn phương
65. The homless woman pleaded for a shelter from the rain in a(n) _________ tone. (PASSION)
impassioned: say sưa, mãnh liệt
66. The man reported than he had seen a(n) _________ object, which might well be a UFO. (EGG)
egg-shaped: có hình quả trứng
67. The coal cellar needs to be equipped with _________ system in order to prevent suffocation. (VENT)
ventilation: hệ thống thông gió
68. The advent of Internet is an important __________ in human history. (MARK) landmark: bước ngoặc
69. His face showed the remark of _________ even when we were talking about seriously. ( FLIP)
flippancies: sự xấc xược
70. What you know is rather __________. And it is unfair to judge just through a cursory glance. (FACIES) superficial: nông cạn
71. Moving _________ is moving in a direction opposite to the direction the hands of the clock moves. (CLOCK)
counterclockwise/anticlockwise: ngược chiều kim đồng hồ
72. Reta is studying animal __________ at the Oxford university. (GENE) genomics: bộ gen
73. The crews fortuitously dicovered a __________ in the ship’s cool chamber. (STOW)
stowaway: người đi lậu vé
74. The man was _________ on a medal for bravely taking a child out of the burning house. (STOW) bestowed: ban tặng
75. The report has _________ the cause of global warming in the past decades. (POINT) pinpointed: chỉ ra
76. It may take more than a month to deliver our car from Germany to VietNam as it is _________. (SHIP) shipborne: chở trên tàu
77. “Titanic” is an example of _________ romance. (SHIP) shipboard: trên tàu
78. The machine cannot work properly as a direct result of _________. (ALIGN)
misalignment: sự sắp xếp sai
79. There used to be a __________ in Quang Tri, whose remains now become a historical site. (HOLD)
stronghold: pháo đài, đồn lũy
80. Andy was ___________ from the volunteer group due to his poor attitude. (COMMUNICATE)
excommunicated: bị đẩy ra khỏi
81. I was so ____________ that even a spider scared me. (KNEE) weak-kneed: yếu ớt
82. The government ____________ its responsibility in the leakage of confidential information. (NEGATE) abnegated: từ chối
83. Try not to be ___________ even if you are tremendously successful. (VAIN) vainglorious: khoe khoang
84. Bob is a(n) ___________ of an intelligent student. (TYPE) archetype: hình mẫu
85. The goverment’s policy to soothe the anger among people was ___________. It
should have happened earlier. (CHRONOLOGY)
anachronistic: sai thời điểm
86. Tom’s collection is such a(n) ___________. There is no connection between things. (MASH) mish-mash: mớ hỗn độn
87. I was completely ___________ by the fact that he was going to get married. (MUSE) bemused: làm sửng sốt
88. Sleeping during day and working when night comes sounds seemingly __________. (SCIENCE)
antiscientific: phản khoa học
89. I question whether a spectacle so fantastic and impressive was ever dealtwith, even in
the pages of __________ fiction. (SCIENCE)
quasiscientific: có vẻ mang tính khoa học
90. Adam’s gait is a(n) __________ for his strong personality. (WORD) byword: điển hình
91. The apricot blossom __________ during spring. (GERM) germinates: nảy mầm
92. In an _________ world, people have to change to get into the swing of the environment. (EVOLVE)
ever-evolving: luôn thay đổi
93. I __________ the distance from my house to the Ann’s hospital and arrived there rather late. (RECK) misreckoned: tính sai
94. Harry Porter’s personality is successfully ___________ by J.K.Rowling throughout her series. (LINE) delineated: mô tả
95. Your __________ saying last night could hurt other people’s feelings although you
might not intend to say so. (SENSE) insensate: vô cảm
96. What Thuy Minh said has provoked violent __________ from critics as well as celebrities. (BLAST)
counterblast: sự phản đối
97. You are becoming a(n) ___________. Just go outside and see what happens. (LAY)
layabout: người vô công rỗi nghề
98. A ___________ is an instrument that separates light into a frequency spectrum and
records the signal using a camera. (SPECTRUM) spectrograph: máy quang phổ
99. Cindy showed ___________ support at Josh’s project. She always believes him. (FALTER) unfaltering: không nao núng
100. This place is an ___________ zone, which is restricted to people who work in the
Parliamentary House only. (EXCLUDE) exclusionary: không cho vào

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