WORDFORM ( 2 / 8 / 2021)
Hiking in the Countryside
Winter in the British countryside can be very brutal but it has such (1. BREATH) __________ beauty that for many
people (2. GO) __________ the pleasure of long country walks is out of the question, however severe the weather.
Fortunately, there is a very wide range of hiking gear from which to choose, from the traditional waxed jackets to
modern Gore-tex clothing and footwear. But, (3. RESPECT) __________ of your clothing preferences, of all your
priorities, the main one should be to keep warm and dry. Layering clothing is a good idea. Start with thermal
underwear topped with an outer shell of jackets and overtrousers in (4. PERMEATE) __________ fabrics that keep out
the wind and rain but don’t make you sweat. Even in wet weather, rubber boots are unsuitable for proper long walks.
You will need good boots with ankle support and good traction. A small rucksack of around 20-litre capacity is fine for
short walks but the intrepid hiker will need a substantially larger one of up to 40 litres. Hikers’ rucksacks have been
considerably (5. LIGHT) __________ in recent years as more and more lightweight fabrics have been developed.
How often have we heard how technology is making us (6. SOCIAL)__________? But what about the other less
identifiable effects technology is having on us? Take, for instance, the cherry-picking of information on search engines,
which often confirms users’ (7. EXIST) __________ beliefs, allowing them to construct views irrespective of what is
proven. This (8. REPRESENT) __________ of facts can be dangerous in (9. POLE) __________ society. Then there
are small but undeniably significant effects on our memory. Information is no longer being memorized with answers
only a click away. Few people commit phone numbers to memory, relying instead on their smartphones, in contrast to
the pre-tech days when people had countless numbers in their heads. The result is our recollection of information has
(10. MARK) __________ deteriorated. Centenarians
Centenarians (people aged 100+ years) exhibit (11. MARK) __________ delayed disability. It seems to manifest only
towards the end of their very long lives, at an average age of 93 years. In one study of centenarians, 15% had no
clinically (12. DEMONSTRATE) __________ disease at age 100 years and 43% did not exhibit age-related disease
until age 80 years or older. In short, living to 100 seems to be advantageous not just in years of survival, but in years of quality life.
Interestingly, centenarians appear to have little in common, varying widely when it comes to diet, education, ethnicity
and socioeconomic status. Still, studies have revealed some (13. COMMON) __________. Very few centenarians are
obese. Most have first degree relatives who also achieve exceptional age, indicating genetic factors are strongly
involved in (14. LONG) __________. Substantial smoking history is usually rare. Finally, most centenarians have the
personality traits of (15. EXTRAVERT) __________ and serenity; despite life’s ups and downs, they seem better able
to maintain a positive outlook and handle stress better than the majority of the population.
But one characteristic marks out centenarians (16. DISPUTE) __________ : gender. Some 85% of centenarians are
women. Among supercentenarians (those aged 110 or older), the figure is 90%. A DVD Review
Breathtaking underwater footage and detailed scientific explanations make Cuttlefish: Kings of Camouflage a
documentary DVD well worth buying. For those who don’t know, cuttlefish are nature’s (17. RIVAL) __________
masters of camouflage – creatures that can, in a fraction of a second, alter their skin colour, pattern and texture to
match any background. Viewers are sure to be (18. FIX) __________ by the astonishing underwater scenes in this
documentary that capture the (19. INSTANT) __________ physical transformations cuttlefish undergo as they move about the sea floor.
But don’t be fooled. Cuttlefish: Kings of Camouflage is so much more than spectacular wildlife photography. Riveting
commentary from expert scientists educates viewers on the latest research into these (20. CAPTIVE) __________
creatures. The information provided is both entertaining and (21. LIGHT) __________. In short, the producers of
Cuttlefish: Kings of Camouflage have (22. DO) __________ themselves. This is a documentary that asks, and prompts,
questions. Most importantly, it is a documentary that allows us a privileged glimpse into the secret world of one of
nature’s most remarkable creatures.
Handsome and sensitive, Nero made a good start as emperor, but before long he gave in to wild extravagance and his
rule ended violently. Today, Nero’s name is a byword for (23. RULE) __________ and debauchery. A brutal and (24.
TYRANT) __________ leader, Nero practised every sort of obscenity. During his reign, he became famous for his
many executions – including that of his own mother – and his countless perverse and (25. SPEAK) __________ acts of
violence. History famously remembers him as the emperor who merrily ‘fiddled whilst the whole of Rome burned’,
although many historians now consider this an inaccurate rumour.
Born in 37 AD, Nero was the only surviving direct male descendant of the emperor Augustus. It is difficult to
determine to what extent Nero was mentally (26. BALANCE) __________ , but one thing is certain: absolute power
corrupted him. By the final years of his rule, a high-level (27. CONSPIRE) __________ to assassinate him had
emerged. In 68 AD, the Senate declared Nero a ‘public enemy’ which meant anyone could kill him without
punishment. Upon learning that his execution was imminent, a terrified Nero fled Rome and committed suicide.
Disputes over his (28. SUCCEED) __________ quickly led to civil war, as Nero had left no heirs.
Most snap judgements about people are formed on the basis of their facial features. The eyes, regarded as clues to one’s
true character, are said (29. POETRY) __________ to be the windows of the soul: closely positioned, they imply (30.
SLY) __________; set wide apart they suggest honesty and (31. DIRECT) __________. Thin mouths are equated with
meanness and full mouths with (32. SENSE) __________. Unconsciously, we make such instant judgements and they
are made about us. There is no hiding place for the face. Always exposed and vulnerable, it involuntarily expresses
happiness, desire and joy, anger, fear, shame and (33. LOATHE). Precisely for that reason, a masked face evokes fear
and horror: once someone’s distinguishing (34. CHARACTER) __________ are hidden, we cannot read or recognise
the person and fear of the unknown immediately arouses suspicion.
35. Jess, watching Midnight, saw him glance swiftly from one to another, his look cold, even ________. (SCORN)
36. Many of the traditions are ________ of a time when most people worked on the land. (REMAIN)
37. If you join the armed forces, you have to pledge ________ to your country. (ALLAY)
38. Extending democracy at the ________ level is the groundwork for developing socialist democracy. (ROOT)
39. I am sure that I will study abroad, but I will come back to build my country," 16-year-old ________ rocket scientist
Katherine Lee says with conviction. (WANT)
40. The story of the Internet is one of piecewise relinquishment of government control and ________ of private
individuals and organizations. (POWER)
41. The message is clear and concise and displays no ________ that one would expect to find in more courtly love scenes. (VERB)
42. He talked with the ________ authority of the head of the family. (MAGISTRATE)
43. Methods Twenty three patients who had undergone ________ proctocolectomy with ileal reservoir were included in the study.
44. Reduction in government spending will ________ further cuts in public services. (NECESSARY)
45. Ever since she was a child, she has had (a) ________ for spicy food. (DILIGENT)
46. Not only was it gaudy in appearance but the smell wafting from the kitchen was distinctly ________. (ODOR)
47. It may take patience, but it is important to be ________ about what sort of home you are prepared to inhabit. (FASH)
48. Small wonder if their son grew up with a taste for ________ pursuits, warlike deeds and sometimes foolhardy enterprise. (CHIVALRY)
49. I ever felicitate myself secretly that I won't make ________ remarks or be hurt by them. (PERTAIN)
50. A proportion of ________ waves was noted in patients who had undergone surgery 10 or more years previously. (PROPEL)
51. It is essential that tutors provide a good service ________ with the fees being charged to students and/or their employers. (MEASURE)
52. The power of red wine to ________ high cholesterol has been ballyhooed in the press. (ACT)
53. A previous knowledge of computing may be of some advantage initially but is not (a) ________ for entry to the course. (REQUIRE)
54. Ministries send in monthly reports which are ________ and submitted to the Chancellor via the state secretaries. (NOTE)
55. When millions watch the same programs, the whole world becomes a village, and society is reduced to the
condition which obtain in ________ communities. (LITERACY)
56. They were sturdy and wooden; quite beautiful in their ________, utilitarian lines. (CLOT)
57. It is also suggested that ________ learning associated with employment may have been of value to these students. (EXPERIENCE)
58. It was very difficult to ________ the story of the revolution in a single one-hour documentary. (CAPSULE)
59. The only victors in a ________ clash between the president and the assembly would be the hardliners on both sides. (HEAD)
60. We should make ________ use of the resources available to us. (JUDGE)