Word formation exercises

WORD FORMATION EXERCISES dành cho ôn luyện các Kỳ thi học sinh giỏi THPT dành cho các bạn học sinh, sinh viên tham khảo, ôn tập, chuẩn bị cho kì thi. Mời các bạn cùng đón xem nhé !

41 21 lượt tải Tải xuống

Chia sẻ Báo cáo tài liệu

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British workers are among the (1) ________ (HAPPY) in Europe and the time so many of them

spend commuting has been identified as a significant (2) _______ (CONTRIBUTE) factor.

People who spend more than two hours a day travelling to and from work report increased (3)

________ (IRRITABLE) with colleagues, less efficiency in their work, and more problems in

their personal lives.

Some more (4) _______ (LIGHT) employers are beginning to realize that traditional work

patterns will have to change if they want to retain a contented work force. (5) ________ (FLEX)

working hours have been introduced by a number of companies who claim that this has led to

greater job satisfaction and a noticeable increase in (6) ________ (PRODUCT).

Another, more (7) ________ (REVOLUTE), approach has become feasible as a result of

developments in information technology and a small growing number of people are now working

from home.

For most of us, however, the daily (8) ________ (MORALE) tedium of commuting remains

unavoidable. As we sit or stand on a crowded, and (9) ________ (VARY) late, bus or train, we can

only dream of a more leisurely lifestyle devoid of the misery commuting (10) ________

(INEVITABLE) brings.

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Perhaps the most vivid illustration of our gift for recognition is the magic of caricature—the fact

that the sparest cartoon of a familiar face, even a single line dashed off in two seconds, can be

identified by our brains in an instant. It’s often said that a good caricature looks more like a person

than the person himself. As it happens, this notion, 46. ______ (INTUITION) though it may

sound, is actually supported by research. In the field of vision science, there’s even a term for this

seeming paradox—the caricature effect—a phrase that hints at how our brains 47. ______

(PERCEPTION) faces as much as perceive them.

Human faces are all built pretty much the same: two eyes above a nose that’s above a mouth, the

features 48. ______ (VARIETY) from person to person generally by mere millimeters. So what

our brains look for, according to vision scientists, are the 49. ______ (LIE) features—those 50.

______ (CHARACTER) that deviate most from the ideal face we carry around in our heads, the

running average of every visage we’ve ever seen. We code each new face we encounter not in

absolute terms but in the several ways it differs 51. ______ (MARK) from the mean. In other

words, to beat what vision scientists call the 52. ______ (HOMOGENEOUS) problem, we 53.

______ (ACCENT) what’s most important for recognition and largely ignore what isn’t. Our

perception fixates on the 54. ______ (TURN) nose, rendering it more porcine, the sunken eyes or

the 55. ______ (FLESH) cheeks, making them loom larger. To better identify and remember

people, we turn them into caricatures.

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………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………..

'())(*+=. Supply the correct form of the verbs in block capitals in brackets to complete the

passage.

The (1. assert) __________ that mathematics has been a major force in the of modern culture

appears to many people (2. credible) __________or, at best, a rank exaggeration. This (3. believe)

____________results from a very common but (4. error) __________conception of what

mathematics really is. Influenced by what was taught in school, the average person regards

mathematics as a series of techniques of use only to the scientists, the engineer and perhaps the (5.

finance) ____________ . The reaction to such teaching is (6. taste) __________ for the subject

and a decision to ignore it. When challenged on this decision, a well-read person can obtain the

support of authorities. No less than a (7. person) __________than Schopenhauer, the philosopher,

described mathematics as the (8. low) __________activity of the spirit, as is shown by the fact

that it can be performed by a machine. Despite such (9. authority) __________ judgments, the

layman’s decision to ignore mathematics is wrong. The subject is not a series of techniques. These

are indeed the least important aspects. The techniques are mathematics stripped of motivation, (10

reason) ________ , beauty and significance.

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………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………..

'())(*+>. Write the correct form of the words given in the brackets. (10 points)

Over half a century ago, scientists found they could record the (1)

________ signals of the brain at work. What at first appeared a random

hotchpotch of activity became a pattern of elegent waves (2)

________determined. Ever since, scientists have wondered whether the

secrets of our thoughts, (3) ________and even consciousness itself might be

hidden in the patterns of our brain waves.

The question of why we have brain waves is,(4) ________, as hotly

debated today as it was when the patterns were discovered. But the meaning,

and even the existence, of fast rythyms in the alert brain is highly (5)

________.

What is problematic is that you can’t perceive these rhythms directly,

they are so well hidden in the noise created by other brain activity, but many

(6) ________ now hold the (7) ________ that the significance of these brain

waves should not be (8) ________.

The lastest suggestion is that the rhythms could be (9) ________ in

detecting processes going on in different regions of the brain. Some believe

that these rhythms might even interact, and in doing so help the brain to

package information into (10) ________ thoughts. How we bring together

these related signals in the brain is a puzzle as yet unsolved.

1. ELECTRIC

2. RHYTHM

3. PERCEIVE

4. ARGUE

CONTROVERSY

6. SEARCH

7. CONVINCE

8. ESTIMATE

9. DECIDE

10. COHERE

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………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………..

'())(*+?. Use the correct form of each bracketed word in the numbered space. Write your

answers in the space provided.

The standard of television programming _______ (1. product) in this country is in terminal

decline. The _______ (2. shed) has become a meaningless term confined in its applicability to

_______ (3. go) days when adult content felt the full force of ________ (4. censor) and was not

allowed to appear on the box until after 9:00 p.m. Nowadays, however, it seems anything goes

any time. And, truth told, whatever anything is, it seldom 'goes' for much longer than a half hour

or so at any rate before it is interrupted by a ______ (5. commerce) break. And don't even get me

started on those appalling _______ (6. inform) most of the networks run right the way through the

night, one after another, for up to thirty minutes at a time. lt is _______ (7.true) painful.

Terrestrial television is now, as far as I am concerned, a laughing stock. All the quality has been

bought up by the satellite networks, with their big-money weight behind them, but even here

_______ (8. pick) are slim. In protest at the dire state of things, I have become a converted

_______ (9. net). I look to the web now to find good content. There, I can find just enough re-run

of quality programmes to prevent myself from falling into utter despair and pining for the good

old days of _______ (10. year).

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………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………..

'())(*+@: Write the correct form of each bracketed word in corresponding numbered

boxes.

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It was with the circulation of Pickwich Papers in 1836 that young Dickens began to enjoy a

truly (1. PRECENDENT) _________ ascent into the favour of the Birtish reading public. He

magnificently (2. PROVE) _________ a theory that his fame would disapear just as quickly as it

had come. He ramained until his death 34 years later (3. DENY) _________ the most popular

noverist the English- speaking world had ever known.

The public displayed a/an (4. SATIATE) _________ appetite for his works, and there was

also a great diffusion of them through (5. NUMBER) _________ dramatic adaptaions (nearly all

completely (6. AUTHORITY) _________ the copyright laws being much weaker in those days).

His immense popularity was based on the widespread perception of him as a great

champion of the poor and the (7. POSSESS) _________ against all forms of (8. JUST) _________

and abuse of power. In his personal life, however, he was (9. CAPACITY) _________ of

achieving the level of fulfiment he enjoyed with the public, and all his close emotional

relationships with women (10. VARY) _________ ended in failure. Yet, he created an

extraordinary range and variety of female characters who live on in our minds and culture unlike

any others created by Victorian novelists.

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In the wake of the bloody Nat Turner7 -0-6& __________ in Southampton County, Virginia, in

1831, an increasingly fervent 765-&__________ movement in the United States sponsored =7

"2& __________ autobiographical accounts of slavery by fugitives from the South in order to

make >7  0.6& __________ of a largely ?7  2//- -"-& __________ white Northern

readership. From 1830 to the end of the slavery era, the fugitive slave narrative dominated the@7

6-  -& __________ landscape of antebellum black America. The Narrative of the Life

of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by Himself (1845) gained the most attention,

A7-06-"& __________ Frederick Douglass as the leading African American man of

letters of his time. By predicating his struggle for freedom on his7.6-& __________ pursuit of

literacy, education, and72-4-"2& __________, Douglass portrayed himself as a 71-&

__________ man, which appealed strongly to middle-class white Americans.

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Pop art was a(n) (46. CONVENTION)_____________ art style in which (47.

COMMON)_____________ objects such as comic strips, soup cans and road signs were used as

subject matter, and were often incorporated into the work. The pop art movement was largely a

British and American cultural phenomenon of the late 1950s and ‘60s. Art critic Lawrence

Alloway, referring to the prosaic (48. ICON)___________ of its painting and sculpture, named

the movement pop art. It represented an attempt to return to a more objective and (49.

UNIVERSE)___________ accepted form of art after the dominance in both the United States and

Europe of the highly personal abstract (50. EXPRESS)_____________. The art form was

iconoclastic, rejecting the (51. SUPREME)___________ of the ‘high art’ of the past and the (52.

PRETEND)____________ of other contemporary avant-garde art. Pop art became a cultural

institution because of its close reflection of a particular social situation and because its easily (53.

COMPREHEND)_____________images were immediately exploited by the mass media.

Although the critics of pop art describe it as sensational and non-aesthetic, its proponents saw it as

an art that was democratic and not (54. DISCRIMINATE)____________, bringing together both

connoisseurs and untrained inexperienced viewers. Even though public reaction to pop art was

(55. FAVOR)____________, it found critical acceptance as a form of art suited to the highly

technological, mass media-oriented society of western countries.

'())(*+: Write the correct form of each bracketed word in the following sentences. (10

points)

Many years ago, a young man was traveling one night through a forest (1."0)_________by

Duergars, an evil race of fairies, who liked nothing better than to lure (2. 4-) _________to

their death.

As he was making his way down the narrow path, he looked at the (3. .3- )_________pine

trees. Black (47"2- )_________heavy with rain were racing across the sky, and he knew that

he would soon have to find shelter. Presently he saw the glow of a fire on the hillside and left the

path to clamber up the steep slope that led to the (5. -"- )_________of the cave.

He stood at the entrance and looked in. It was a vast, empty cavern whose sides rose up to a (6.

56)_________ceiling. On the ground in the centre a space had been cleared and a warm fire

was throwing (77/61- ) _________shadows across the floor. He went cautiously towards the fire

and sat down.

As his eyes slowly grew used to the dim light, the (8. -"-)_________face of a Duergar begun

to (9. -- #-"-)_________The creature was sitting (10. ..")_________on the opposite side

of the fire; it stared at him through its slanting green eyes but said nothing.

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………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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The University of Southern California rescinded the admissions of a half-dozen students, and

several other colleges and universities pledged to take a closer look at their admissions processes

as 1.(FALL)_______ continued from an admissions scandal that implicated coaches, athletic

department administrators and 33 wealthy, well-connected parents who allegedly schemed to get

their children admitted to prestigious colleges.

A 2. (CLASS) _______ lawsuit was filed Wednesday on behalf of applicants who were denied

admission to several universities affected by the scandal. It alleged that those schools failed to

take adequate steps to 3. (SAFE)_______ against fraud, depriving the applicants of a fair shot.

And it emerged that the genesis of the FBI investigation came when an investor tipped off agents

to the admissions scheme after he was caught 4. (COMMIT)_______ securities fraud.

On Tuesday, 50 people were charged or indicted in connection with the scheme, including actors

Felicity Huffman and Lori Loughlin and Loughlin’s husband, clothing designer Mossimo

Giannulli. Other parents charged include the owner of a Napa Valley 5. (WINE)________, the

wife of an NFL legend, 6.(RANK)_______lawyers, private equity investors, real estate moguls

and a media company owner.

Questions remain about what will happen to the college students who were admitted under

circumstances being scrutinized by the FBI. According to the criminal complaint in the case, their

parents paid hundreds of thousands of dollars to submit fraudulent test scores and fake athletic 7.

(CREDENCE)_______on their behalf. Prosecutors say that with the help of a corrupt college

consultant, the parents paid off coaches so their children could pose as athletic 8.

(RECRUIT)_______, allowing them to attend selective schools despite 9. (LACK)_______

academic records.

Court documents allege the man at the 10. (CENTER)_______of the scandal, William “Rick”

Singer, has been helping parents get their children into selective schools this way since at least

2011.

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ACCESS APPEAR COMMIT DENY

EXCLUDE

IMMERSE INFANT INSTITUTE LONELY SEE

One of the most challenging aspects of the science anthropology comes from its

fieldwork. Certainly, in its (1)________ as a profession, anthropology was distinguished by its

concentration on so-called primary societies in which social (2)________ appear to be fairly

limited and social interaction to be conducted almost (3)_________ face – to – face. Such

societies, it was felt, provided anthropologists with a valuable (4)________into the workings of

society that contrasted with the many complexities of more highly developed societies. There was

also a sense that the way of life represented by these smaller societies were rapidly

(5)________and that preserving a record of them was a matter of some urgency.

The (6)________ of anthropologists to the first – hand collection of data led them to some

of the most (7)________ places on earth. Most often they worked alone. Such lack of contact with

other people created feelings of intense (8)________ in some anthropologists, especially in the

early stages of fieldwork. Nevertheless, this process of (9)________ in a totally alien culture

continues to attract men and women to anthropology, and is (10)_________ the most effective

way of understanding in depth how other people see the world.

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………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………..

'())(*+. Write the correct form of each bracketed word in the corresponding numbered

boxes on the answer sheet. There is an example at the beginning (0)

F5-"6-E -

F5-"6-72-6"G-"&HHHHHHHHHHH refers to ..-$& ____________ or illegal

behavior by children or adolescents and is considered a serious problem all over the world. It is

caused by social, economic and cultural factors. This juvenile 7 -& _______________ is

apparent in marginal sectors of urban areas where children are exposed to violence in their

immediate social environment, either as observers or as victims. Because delinquent basic

education, if they have any, is poor they have been =7 ( #"&HHHHHHHHHHHHHH from society

and destitute of any dignity or self esteem. Although most legal systems prescribe specific

procedures for dealing with young criminals, such as juvenile detention centers and >744 -&

HHHHHHHHHHHH, approaches to prevent youth from becoming delinquent should also include

measures to instill equality and justice, fight poverty and create an atmosphere of hope and peace

among youth. These ?74 -5-"&HHHHHHHHHHHH policies should be @74 . &HHHHHHHHHHHH

over any A7 (.- -&HHHHHHHHHHHH measures.

Information campaigns should be planned to 7-"5-&HHHHHHHHHHHH youth to be

aware of the detrimental effects of violence on the family, community and society, to teach them

how to communicate without violence. Focus on the importance of family should become a

priority because it is the primary institution of 7.6& _______________ of youth and

continues to play an important role in the prevention of juvenile delinquency and 7.62&

______________ crime.

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Levels of illiteracy and (1.NUMBER) ________________ remain startlingly high in the

developing world, and continue to be so until the West provides or sponsors new education

initiatives, preferably also getting directly involved. A better education is a prerequisite should the

(2. POVERTY) ________________ masses of Africa ever wish to hold any genuine hope of

gaining their (3.EMANCIPATE) ________________ from the metaphorical shackles of poverty.

Education initiatives for young people as well as life-long learning programmes will also help to

breach the gulf that separates the working classes from their ruling elite, a (4. PRIVILEGE)

________________ few who enjoy the (5.TRAP) ________________ of Western wealth and the

lifestyle that goes with it, while those in their midst are completely preoccupied with the daily

struggle for survival. Furthermore, we must promote a culture of (6.TOLERATE)

________________ of corruption, and help to create a new generation for whom education rather

than a(n) (7. SCRUPLE) ________________ nature will reap the true rewards. Education will

also help to bridge another gap; that of the cultural one which separates the West from its brethren

in the developing world. The slums and shanty towns are a hotbed of religious and political (8.

EXTREME) ________________, but hopefully education will serve to create a better sense of

understanding between all the peoples of the world, (9. RESPECT) ________________ of

background. And this will especially be the case if the education programmes themselves are

administered by Western professionals, who, in much the same way as they can teach a thing or

two to their counterparts in the developing world, have also, no doubt, much to learn from them in

the process as well. Cooperation between people from different cultures of the West and the

developing world will also, hopefully, help to reduce levels of prejudice, bigotry, xenophobia and

racial tensions. And, last but not by any means least, educating women will (10. POWER)

________________ them to claim their rightful place in the social hierarchy in up-to-now male-

dominated cultures. Their aspirations can shift realistically higher, and young female students can

hope to go on to become tomorrow’s politicians, diplomats and political leaders, or whatsoever

they choose.

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………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………..

PASSAGE 14. Give the correct form of each bracketed word in the following passage. Write

your answers in the space provided.

The University of Southern California rescinded the admissions of a half-dozen students,

and several other colleges and universities pledged to take a closer look at their admissions

processes as 7(KK&HHHHHHHHHHHHHcontinued from an admissions scandal that implicated

coaches, athletic department administrators and 33 wealthy, well-connected parents who

allegedly schemed to get their children admitted to prestigious colleges.

A 7EK())&HHHHHHHHHHHHH lawsuit was filed Wednesday on behalf of applicants who

were denied admission to several universities affected by the scandal. It alleged that those schools

failed to take adequate steps to =7)(+&HHHHHHHHHHHHH against fraud, depriving the applicants

of a fair shot. And it emerged that the genesis of the FBI investigation came when an investor

tipped off agents to the admissions scheme after he was caught >7ELI&HHHHHHHHHHHHH

securities fraud.

On Tuesday, 50 people were charged or indicted in connection with the scheme, including

actors Felicity Huffman and Lori Loughlin and Loughlin’s husband, clothing designer Mossimo

Giannulli. Other parents charged include the owner of a Napa Valley

?7LB+&HHHHHHHHHHHHH, the wife of an NFL legend, @7(BN&HHHHHHHHHHHHH lawyers,

private equity investors, real estate moguls and a media company owner.

Questions remain about what will happen to the college students who were admitted under

circumstances being scrutinized by the FBI. According to the criminal complaint in the case, their

parents paid hundreds of thousands of dollars to submit fraudulent test scores and fake athletic A7

E++BE+&HHHHHHHHHHHHH on their behalf. Prosecutors say that with the help of a corrupt

college consultant, the parents paid off coaches so their children could pose as athletic 7

+EDLI& HHHHHHHHHHHHH, allowing them to attend selective schools despite 7 K(EN&

HHHHHHHHHHHHH academic records.

Court documents allege the man at the 7E+BI+&HHHHHHHHHHHHHof the scandal,

William “Rick” Singer, has been helping parents get their children into selective schools this way

since at least 2011.

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………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………..

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