Word Formation khó - HSG THPT

KEY WORD FORMATION:
1. Cut-throat competition: cạnh tranh khốc liệt. 2. Tip-off = warning
To tip sb off (about sth): báo trước cho ai về cái gì
3. Awe-inspiring = imposing = striking = impressive: hoành tránh, ấn tượng
# awestruck by sth= impressed (dùng cho người) # awesome: tuyệt vời # awful: kinh khủng
4. All-encompassing: bao hàm tất cả.
5. Mind-boggling: dị thường, khó tin
Sth boggles the mind/ the mind boggle: thật dị thường!
6. Tellings-off: lời quở trách
To tell sb off = give sb (some) telling(s)-off: mắng ai đó 7. Groundwork
To lay groundwork for sth: làm nền tảng, chuẩn bị cho sth = pave the way for sth
8. Preoccupation with sth: nỗi ám ảnh = obsession
9. Sure-footed: vững chãi, chắc chắn
10. Yellow-bellied = cowardly: hèn nhát A yellow-belly = a coward.
11. Time-poor: bận bịu (có thể dùng cho người)
12. Non- event = an anticlimax: sự hụt hẫng/ kém hấp dẫn
13. Fair-haired: được cưng chiều, yêu quý
= to be the apple of one’s eye
>< the black sheep of the family: nỗi hổ thẹn của gia đình KEY PRACTICE TEST 27
1. During her..........the garden was transformed. [OCCUPY]
=> OCCUPANCY: the act of living or using a building, room, piece of land,...
+ occupant: the person who lives or works in a particular house, room, building,...
2. The characters in this novel are..........[DRAW]
=> OVERDRAWN: được phóng đại hoá
3. The control centre is deep underground and
completely.........except by a direct hit from a nuclear missile [DESTROY]
=> INDESTRUCTIBLE: that is very strong and cannot easily be destroyed ( không thể/ khó có thể bị phá huỷ)
4. The slight..........in his left hand was corrected by surgery [FORM]
=> DEFORMITY: the situation in which a part of the body has not developed in the normal
way or with the normal shape ( biến dạng)
5. Between 1860 and 1900 the country had a number of revolutions and uprisings. It was a
time of great..........[ STABLE]
=> INSTABILITY: uncertainty caused by the possibility of a sudden change in the present
situation ( tình hình bất ổn)
6. The school has won 5..........games [SUCCESSION]
=> SUCCESSIVE: following immediately one after the other ( thắng 5 trận liên tiếp)
7. His acting style is .......... No one can copy him [IMITATE]
=>INIMITABLE: very unusual or of very high quality and therefore impossible to copy
(không thể copy, bắt chước nổi)
8. On such a hot day, the sea was ..........[RESIST]
=> IRRESISTIBLE: impossible to refuse, oppose, or avoid because it is too pleasant,
attractive, or strong (không thể cưỡng lại được)
9. If you do not require surgery you can be treated as an..........[PATIENT]
=> OUTPATIENT: a person who goes to a hospital for treatment, but who does not stay any
nights there (bệnh nhân ngoại trú)
10. It usually takes you a lot of time to.......... when you arrive in a tropical country [CLIMATE]
=> ACCLIMATIZE/ ACCLIMATE: to (cause to) change to suit different conditions of life,
weather, etc. (thích nghi với môi trường, khí hậu) KEY TEST 25
1. She has a .......... attitude towards life. [CARE]
=> CAREFREE: having no worries or responsibility ( vô tư, thảnh thơi)
Carefree khác với freewheeling: buông thả, bất cần đời
2. Most peasant were living in subhuman conditions as the Feudalism had .......... them for a long time. [POOR]
=> IMPOVERISHED: make sb poor ( làm ai nghèo khổ)
3. It's undeniable that the..........of the local incompetent healer was responsible for her sudden death. [DIAGNOSE]
=> MISDIAGNOSIS: an explanation of the nature of an illness that is not correct (sự chẩn đoán sai bệnh) (plural: misdiagnoses)
4. Many diseases which were once thought..........now can be routinely treated. [CURE]
=> INCURABLE: cannot be cured ( bệnh không chữa được)
Incurable còn mang nghĩa không thể thay đổi được (về tính cách)
Ex: She is an incurable optimist.
5. Are all those..........they put in the food really necessary? [ADD] => ADDITIVES: gia vị
6. Your presence has enriched our lives .............[MEASURE]
=> IMMEASURABLY: là adv của immeasurable: too large, big,...to be measured ( vô hạn, không đong đếm nổi)
7. Doris Carter, who is 197 today, put her..........down to having a loving family and seven cups of tea a day [LONG]
=> LONGEVITY: long life, the fact of having a long life ( sự trường thọ)
8. Film studios spent millions of dollars on..........for new movies. [PUBLIC]
=> PUBLICITY: the business of attracting the attention of th public to st/sb ( việc PR, quảng cáo)
9. The trouble with Mr. Brown is that he's so..........One minute he goes mad when you come
late then he says nothing. You never know where you are? [CONSIST]
=> INCONSISTENT: changing too often, not stay the same ( hay thay đổi, không kiên định)
10. This matter is very ...........Don't discuss it outside the office. [CONFIDENCE]
=> CONFIDENTIAL: bảo mật ( strictly confidential) KEY 30:
Khá là dài, mọi người chịu khó đọc nha. Ad không định paste lại đề nhưng chắc thế này dễ
theo dõi hơn với các bạn. Một bài học nữa chắc là post 5 câu một là vừa rồi, các bạn nhỉ!
1 I had to take out a bank loan when I started up in business and it took me two years to pay it ………… . A out B up C over D off -> D
To pay sth off/ pay off sth: trả hết nợ
Sth pay off: mang lại lợi ích cho sb
# to pay out for sth: trả nhiều tiền cho cái gì
# to pay up: trả tiền nợ, thường là trễ hoặc miễn cưỡng
2 The railway line has been closed for ten years and the station buildings are now sadly ………….
A decrepit B derelict C decomposed D discarded -> B
Derelict buidling/ land = run-down = delapidated = in a bad/ terrible/ awful condition/ in a bad state: tồi tàn (n) dereliction
Dereliction of duty: sự sao nhãng nhiệm vụ
3 The school authorities ………… the child’s unruly behaviour on his parents’ lack of discipline.
A attribute B accuse C blame D ascribe -> C
To blame sth on sth: đỗ lỗi cái gì là do cái gì
= attribute/ ascribe sth to sth (nhẹ nghĩa hơn một tí, chỉ là quy cái gì cho cái gì) = put sth down to sth
Ex: I attribute my academic success to hard work.
To accuse sb of sth = charge sb with: buộc tội ai vì điều gì
4 After months of bitter arguing the couple had to accept that they were ………….
A incongruous B incompatible C dissident D disaffected -> B
Incompatible (with sb): không hợp/ không tương thích (2 ideas/ things)
Incongruous = inappropriate places/ events: không phù hợp
(n/a) dissident = nonconformist: kẻ bất tuân/ chống đối
5 We can’t eat this bread. It’s ………….
A mouldy B rotten C bad D rancid -> A
Những từ này rất dễ nhầm vì đều có thể được dùng cho đồ ăn bị hỏng, tuy nhiên:
Mouldy cheese/ bread/ rice: mốc
Rotten apples/ wood/ apples: mục nát/ thối rữa
Rancid butter/ oil: trỡ mùi, ôi
Bad thì rất đa nghĩa, thường chỉ thức ăn không an toàn để ăn vì đã thối, hỏng Vd: bad fish/ milk
6 Although he was a hardened criminal, his one ………… feature was his love of children.
A saving B redeeming C recovering D acquitting -> B
One’s redeeming feature/ quality: điểm tốt/ điểm bù lại trong nét tính cách của ai đó
7 I meant to sound confident at the interview but I’m afraid I ………… as dogmatic.
A came out B came through C came off D came over -> D
To come over/across as: tạo ấn tượng ntn
(Tôi có ý muốn tỏ ra thật tự tin trong buổi phỏng vấn nhưng tôi sợ mình tạo ấn tượng là một kẻ độc đoán)
To come off = pull off = bring it off = succeed Come out = be published
# Come out (to sb) = confess to being gay
Ex: Sam Smith came out before the release of his album “In the lonely hour”! (Sam Smith fans thumbs up!
8 The switchboard at Television Centre was so ………… by complaints about the
programme that they had to take on extra staff.
A overrun B overcome C overwhelmed D overhauled -> C
Overwhelmed = inundated/ besieged with sth: bị áp đảo/ lấn át bởi cái gì đó
To be overcome with anger/ joy (emotion): quá đỗi/ tràn ngập
9 The restaurant is popular with film stars and the ………….
A like B same C similar D such -> A
And the like/ and such like = and similar things
10 She was able to ………… my argument effectively by quoting actual statistics.
A retaliate B counter C reciprocate D confront -> B
To counter an argument/ allegation/ criticism: phản bác lại
to reciprocate = respond to: đáp lại (a gesture/ action)
unreciprocated love: tình yêu không được đáp lại, yêu dại khờ