Bài tập khối đa diện và thể tích khối đa diện – Diệp Tuân

Tài liệu gồm 310 trang, được biên soạn bởi thầy giáo Diệp Tuân, tổng hợp lý thuyết, phân dạng và tuyển chọn bài tập trắc nghiệm – tự luận chuyên đề khối đa diện và thể tích khối đa diện.Mời bạn đọc đón xem.

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KHỐI ĐA DIN
A.LÝ THUYT.
1. Hình đa diện là hình to bi mt s hu hạn các đa giác thỏa mãn hai tính cht:
Hai đa giác phân bit ch th hoặc không điểm
chung, hoc ch một đỉnh chung, hoc ch mt
cnh chung.
Mi cnh của đa giác nào cũng cạnh chung ca
đúng hai đa giác.
Mỗi đa giác gọi là một mặt của hình đa diện. Các đỉnh, cạnh của các đa giác ấy theo thứ tự được
gọi là các đỉnh, cạnh của hình đa diện.
2. Ki nim v khối đa diện:
Khối đa diện là phần không gian được gii hn bởi 1 hình đa diện, k c hình đa diện đó.
Những điểm không thuộc khối đa diện được gọi điểm ngoài của khối đa diện. Những
điểm thuộc khối đa diện nhưng không thuộc hình đa diện đó được gọi điểm trong của
khối đa diện. Tập hợp các điểm trong được gọi miền trong, tập hợp những điểm ngoài
được gọi là miền ngoài của khối đa diện.
Mỗi hình đa diện chia các điểm còn lại của không gian thành hai miền không giao nhau
miền trong miền ngoài của hình đa diện, trong đó chỉ miền ngoài chứa hoàn toàn
một đường thẳng nào đó.
3. Khi đa diện li:
Khối đa diện
đưc gi khối đa diện li nếu đoạn thng nối hai điểm bt ca
()H
luôn luôn thuc
( ).H
Khối đa diện li
Khối đa diện không li
d
Ñieåm ngoaøi
Ñieåm trong
Mieàn ngoaøi
M
N
BI 1: KHÁI NIM V KHI ĐA DIN
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4. Khi đa diện đều là khối đa diện li có tính chất sau đây:
Mi mt ca nó là một đa giác đều
p
cnh.
Mỗi đỉnh của nó là đỉnh chung của đúng
q
mt.
Khối đa diện đều như vậy được gi là khối đa diện đều loi
{ ; }.pq
5. Định lí: Ch có năm loại khối đa diện đều. Đó là loại
{3;3},
{4;3},
{3;4},
{5;3}
{3;5}.
T diện đều Lập phương Bát diện đều
12
mặt đều
20
mặt đều
Đa diện đu cnh
a
Đỉnh
Cnh
Mt
Th tích
V
BK mt cu ngoi tiếp
T diện đều
{3;3}
4
6
4
3
2
12
a
V
6
4
a
R
Lập phương
{4;3}
8
12
6
3
Va
3
2
a
R
Bát diện đều
{3;4}
6
12
8
3
2
3
a
V
2
2
a
R
i hai mặt đều
{5;3}
20
30
12
3
15 7 5
4
Va
3 15
4
Ra
Hai mươi mặt đều
{3;5}
12
30
20
3
15 5 5
12
Va
10 20
4
Ra
5. Pp đi xng qua mt phng
5.1. Định nghĩa
Phép đối xng qua mt phng
()P
phép biến hình, biến mỗi điểm thuc
()P
thành chính
biến mỗi điểm
M
không thuc
()P
thành điểm
M
sao cho
()P
mt phng trung
trc của đoạn thng
.
MM
Nếu phép đối xng qua mt phng
()P
biến hình
thành chính nó thì
()P
đưc gi là mt
phẳng đối xng ca hình
.
5.2. Mt phẳng đi xng ca mt s nh thưng gp
Hình hp ch nht có 3 kích thc khác nhau:
3
mt phẳng đối xng.
Hình lăng tr tam giác đều:
4
mt phẳng đối xng.
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Hình chóp tam giác đều (cnh bên và cạnh đáy không bằng): có
3
mt phẳng đối xng.
T din đều:
6
mt phẳng đối xng.
Hình chóp t gc đều:
4
mt phẳng đối xng.
Hìnht diện đều:
9
mt phẳng đối xng.
H
A
B
C
D
H
A
B
C
D
H
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
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Hình lập phương:
9
mt phẳng đối xng.
6. Mt s tính cht ca hình chóp.
Gi s khối đa diện đều loi
,np
có Đ đỉnh, C cnh và M mt.
Khi đó:
2p C nMĐ
2 MCĐ
Cho hình chóp có đáy là
n
giác. Khi đó, khi chóp đa giác lồi có đáy
n
cnh s có:
1n
đỉnh
1n
mt
2n
cnh.
Ví d 1: Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
.
Khi đó, ta suy ra đáy là tứ giác có
4
cạnh nên hình chóp có 5 đỉnh, 5 mt và 8 cnh.
B. PƠNG PHÁP DẠNG TOÁN CƠ BẢN.
Dạng 1. Nhận Biết Hình(Khối) đa diện lồi
Bài tập 1. Hình nào sau đây không phải là hình đa diện ?
A. B. C. D.
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Bài tập 2. Cho các hình vẽ sau:
Hình a Hình b Hình c Hình d
Hỏi trong bốn hình trên có bao nhiêu đa diện lồi ?
A.
1.
B.
2.
C.
3.
D.
4.
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Dạng 2. Đếm số đỉnh, cạnh, mặtnh( khối) đa diện lồi.
Bài tập 3. (Đề tham khảo - 2017) Hình đa diện dưới đây có bao nhiêu mặt?
A.
6.
B.
10.
C.
12.
D.
11.
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Bài tập 4. Cho hình chóp có đáy là
n
giác. Trong các mệnh đề sau, mệnh đề nào đúng?
A. Số cạnh của khối chóp bằng
1.n
B. Số mặt của khối chóp bằng
2.n
C. Số đỉnh của khối chóp bằng
2 1.n
D. Số mặt của khối chóp bằng số đỉnh của khối chóp.
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Dạng 3. Cắt, gp hình(Khối) đa diện lồi.
Bài tập 5. (Đề THPTQG 2017 103) Mặt phẳng
''AB C
chia lăng trụ
. ' ' 'ABC A B C
thành các
khối đa diện nào?
A. Một khối tam giác và một khối chóp ngũ giác.
B. Một khối chóp tam giác và một khối chóp tứ giác.
C. Một khối chóp tam giác.
D. Hai khối chóp tam giác.
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Dạng 4. Số mặt phẳng nh(Khối) đa diện lồi.
Bài tập 6. (Đề THPTQG-2017) Hình hộp chữ nhật kích thước đôi một khác nhau bao nhiêu
mặt đối xứng?
A.
4.
B.
3.
C.
6.
D.
9.
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Dạng 5. Tính chất của Đỉnh, cạnh, mặt(Khối) đa diện lồi.
Bài tập 7. Khi nói về đa diện đều
T
loại
3;5 .
Mệnh đề nào sau đây đúng?
A. Có số mặt chia hết cho
3.
B. Có số mặt nhiều nhất.
C. Khối đa diện có số đỉnh chia hết cho
5.
D. Khối đa diện
T
có số cạnh bằng tổng số đỉnh và số mặt của nó.
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Bài tập 8. Tổng các góc của tất cả các mặt khối đa diện đều loại
5;3
là:
A.
12 .
B.
18 .
C.
24 .
D.
36 .
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Bài tập 9. Số mặt đối xứng của đa giác đều loại
3;4 .
A.
4.
B.
6.
C.
9.
D.
12.
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CÂU HI TRC NGHIM
u 1. Mỗi cạnh của một khối đa diện là cạnh chung của bao nhiêu mặt của khối đa diện?
A. Hai mặt. B. Ba mặt. C. Bốn mặt. D. Năm mặt.
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u 2. Trong các mệnh đề sau, mệnh đề nào đúng?
A. Mỗi hình đa diện có ít nhất bốn đỉnh.
B. Mỗi hình đa diện có ít nhất ba đỉnh.
C. Số đỉnh của mỗi hình đa diện lớn hơn hoặc bằng số cạnh của nó.
D. Số mặt của một hình đa diện lớn hơn hoặc bằng số cạnh của nó
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u 3. Mỗi đỉnh của một hình đa diện là đỉnh chung của ít nhất:
A. Năm cạnh. B. Bốn cạnh. C. Ba cạnh. D. Hai cạnh.
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u 4. Khối lập phương thuộc loại khối đa diện nào?
A.
3;3
. B.
4;3 .
C.
3;4 .
D.
5;3 .
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u 5. Khối đa diện đều loại
4;3
có số đỉnh là:
A.
4.
B.
6.
C.
8.
D.
10.
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u 6. Trong các mệnh đề sau, mệnh đề nào đúng?
A. Tồn tại một hình đa diện có số cạnh bằng số đỉnh.
B. Tồn tại một hình đa diện có số cạnh và số mặt bằng nhau.
C. Số đỉnh và số mặt của hình đa diện luôn bằng nhau.
D. Tồn tại hình đa diện có số đỉnh và số mặt bằng nhau.
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Chn D
dnh t din có s đỉnh và s mt bng nhau (đều bng 4).
u 7. Khối mười hai mặt đều là khối đa diện loại:
A.
3;5
. B.
3;4 .
C.
5;3 .
D.
4;4 .
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u 8. Trong các mệnh đề sau, mệnh đề nào sai?
A. Khối tự diện là khối đa diện lồi.
B. Lặp ghép hai khối hộp luôn được một khối đa diện.
C. Khối hộp là khối đa diện lồi.
D. Khối lăng trụ tam giác đều là khối đa diện lồi.
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u 9. Một hình chóp có
136
cạnh có bao nhiêu mặt?
A.
68.
B.
69.
C.
D.
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u 10. Trong một khối đa diện, mệnh đề nào sau đây đúng?
A. Hai cạnh bất kì có ít nhất một điểm chung.
B. Hai mặt bất kì có ít nhất một điểm chung.
C. Mỗi đỉnh là đỉnh chung của ít nhất ba mặt.
D. Hai mặt bất kì có ít nhất một cạnh chung.
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u 11. Số đỉnh của hình bát diện đều là bao nhiêu?
A.
10.
B.
8.
C.
6.
D.
12.
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u 12. Cho bốn hình dưới đây:
Mỗi hình gồm một số hữu hạn đa giác phẳng (kể cả các điểm trong của nó), số đa diện lồi là
A.
1.
B.
2.
C.
3.
D.
4.
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u 13. (Đề tham khảo - 2017) Hình đa diện dưới đây có bao nhiêu mặt?
A.
6.
B.
10.
C.
12.
D.
11.
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u 14. (Đề thử nghiệm 2017) Hình đa diện nào dưới đây không có tâm đối xứng?
A. Tứ diện đều. B. Bát diện đều.
C. Hình lập phương. D. Lăng trục lục giác đều.
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u 19. Hình đa diện trong hình vẽ bên có bao nhiêu mặt.
A.
10.
B.
12.
C.
18.
D.
20.
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u 20. Cho hình chóp đáy là đa giác lồi có
7
cạnh. Trong các mệnh đề sau, mệnh đề nào đúng?
A. Số đỉnh của khối chóp bằng
15.
B. Số mặt của khối chóp bằng số đỉnh của nó
C. Số mặt của khối chóp bằng
14.
D. Số cạnh của khối chóp bằng
8.
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u 21.(THPTQG-2017) Mặt phẳng
'AB C
chia khối lăng trụ
. ' ' 'ABC A B C
thành các khối đa
diện nào.
A. Một khối chóp tam giác và một khối chóp ngũ giác.
B. Một khối chóp tam giác và một khối chóp tứ giác.
C. Hai khối chóp tam giác.
D. Hai khối chóp tứ giac.
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u 22. Cho khối tứ diện
.ABCD
Lấy một điểm
M
nằm giữa
,AB
một điểm
N
nằm giữa
C
.D
Bằng hai mặt phẳng
MCD
NAB
ta chia khối tứ diện đã cho thành bốn khối tứ diện:
A.
, , , .AMCD AMND BMCN BMND
B.
, , , .AMCN AMND BMCN BMND
C.
, , , .AMCN BMNC AMDN BMND
D.
, , , .AMCN AMND AMCD BMCD
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u 23. Có thể chia một hình lập phương thành bao nhiêu khối tứ diện bằng nhau?
A.
2.
B.
4.
C.
6.
D.
8.
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u 24. Cho một hình đa diện, khẳng định nào sau đây sai?
A. Một cạnh là cạnh chung của ít nhất ba mặt.
B. Một đỉnh là đỉnh chung của ít nhất ba cạnh.
C. Một đỉnh là đỉnh chung của ít nhất ba mặt.
D. Mỗi cạnh có ít nhất ba mặt.
Li gii
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u 25. Số đỉnh của một bát diện đều là:
A.
6.
B.
8.
C.
10.
D.
12.
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u 26. Trong các mặt có khối đa diện, số cạnh ít nhất cùng thuộc một mặt là:
A.
2.
B.
3.
C.
4.
D.
5.
Li gii
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u 27. Khối đa diện đều loại
5;3
có tổng số cạnh, mặt bằng bao nhiêu?
A.
18.
B.
20.
C.
50.
D.
42.
Li gii
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u 28. Số cạnh của bát diện đều là:
A.
6.
B.
8.
C.
12.
D.
30.
Li gii
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u 29. Khối đa diện đều loại
3;4
có số mặt, số đỉnh, số cạnh lần lượt là:
A.
6;8;12.
B.
8;6;12.
C.
8;12;6.
D.
4;4;6.
Li gii
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u 30. Trong các mệnh đề sau, mệnh đề nào sai?
A. Tồn tại khối tứ diện là khối đa diện đều.
B. Tồn tại khối lăng trụ đều là khối đa diện đều.
C. Tồn tại khối hộp là khối đa diện đều.
D. Tồn tại khối chóp tứ giác đều là khối đa diện đều.
Li gii
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u 31. Trong không gian có tất cả bao nhiêu khối đa diện đều?
A.
2.
B.
3.
C.
4.
D.
5.
Li gii
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u 32. Các khối đa diện đều loại
;pq
sắp xếp theo thứ tự tăng dần của số mặt là:
A.
3;3 , 3;4 , 3;5 , 4;3 , 5;3 .
B.
3;3 , 4;3 , 3;4 , 5;3 , 3;5 .
C.
3;3 , 3;4 , 4;3 , 3;5 , 5;3 .
D.
3;3 , 4;3 , 3;4 , 3;5 , 5;3 .
Li gii
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u 33. Các khối đa diện đều loại
;pq
sắp xếp theo thứ tự tăng dần của số đỉnh là:
A.
3;3 , 3;4 , 3;5 , 4;3 , 5;3 .
B.
3;3 , 4;3 , 3;4 , 5;3 , 3;5 .
C.
3;3 , 3;4 , 4;3 , 3;5 , 5;3 .
D.
3;3 , 4;3 , 3;4 , 3;5 , 5;3 .
Li gii
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u 34. Trong các mệnh đề sau, mệnh đề nào đúng?
A. Số đỉnh và số mặt của mọi hình đa diện luôn bằng nhau.
B. Số đỉnh của mọi hình đa diện luôn lớn hơn
4.
C. Tồn tại một hình đa diện có số cạnh gấp
2
lần số mặt.
D. Tồn tại một hình đa diện có số cạnh nhỏ hơn
6.
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u 35. Trong các mệnh đề sau, mệnh đề nào sai?
A. Hình hộp là đa diện lồi.
B. Tứ diện là đa diện lồi.
C. Hình tạo bởi hai tứ diện đều ghép vào nhau là một hình đa diện lồi.
D. Hình lập phương là đa diện lồi.
Li gii
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u 36. Cho một hình đa diện. Trong các khẳng định sau, khẳng định nào sai?
A. Mỗi đỉnh là đỉnh chung của ít nhất ba cạnh.
B. Mỗi mặt có ít nhất ba cạnh.
C. Mỗi cạnh là cạnh chung của ít nhất ba mặt.
D. Mỗi đỉnh là đỉnh chung của ít nhất ba mặt.
Li gii
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u 37. Một hình đa diện có các mặt là những tam giác và có số mặt là
,M
số cạnh là
C
.
Khi đó điều kiện nào sau đây luôn đúng?
A.
3 2 .MC
B.
2CM
. C.
2 3 .MC
D.
.MC
Li gii
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u 38. Biết rằng khối đa diện mà mỗi mặt đều là hình ngũ giác. Gọi
C
là số cạnh của khối đa diện
đó. Hỏi trong các phát biểu sau, đâu là phát biểu đúng?
A.
C
là số chẵn. B.
C
là số lẻ.
C.
C
chia hết cho
3.
D.
C
chia hết cho
5.
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u 39. Khi nói về khối đa diện đều
T
loại
3;5
như hình vẽ bên. Mệnh đề nào sau đây đúng?
A. Khối đa diện
T
có số mặt chia hết cho
3.
B. Khối đa diện
T
có số cạnh nhiều nhất trong tấc cả các khối đa diện đều.
C. Khối đa diện
T
có số đỉnh chia hết cho
5.
D. Khối đa diện
T
có số cạnh bằng tổng số đỉnh và số mặt của nó.
Li gii
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u 40. Trong không gian chỉ có
5
loại khối đa diện đều như hình vẽ sau:
Mệnh đề nào sau đây là đúng?
A. Mọi khối đa diện đều có số mặt là những số chia hết cho 4.
B. Khối lập phương là khối bát diện có cùng số cạnh.
C. Khối tứ diện đều và khối bát diện đều có 1 tâm đối xứng.
D. Khối mười hai mặt đều và khối hai mươi mặt đều có cùng số đỉnh.
Li gii
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u 41. Số mặt đối xứng của tứ diện đều là bao nhiêu?
A.
1.
B.
4.
C.
6.
D.
8.
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u 42. Số mặt đối xứng của đa diện đều loại
4;3
là bao nhiêu?
A.
4.
B.
6.
C.
9.
D.
12.
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u 43. Một hình lăng trụ đứng đáy hình thoi (không phải hình vuông) bao nhiêu mặt
phẳng đối xứng?
A.
1.
B.
3.
C.
6.
D.
5.
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u 44. (THPTQG 2017-101) Hình hộp chữ nhật ba kích thước đôi một khác nhau bao
nhiêu mặt đối xứng?
A.
4
mặt phẳng. B.
3
mặt phẳng. C.
6
mặt phẳng. D.
9
mặt phẳng.
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u 45. Hình chóp tứ giác đều có bao nhiêu mặt đối xứng?
A.
1.
B.
2.
C.
3.
D.
4.
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u 46. (THPTQG2017) Hình lăng trụ tam giác đều có bao nhiêu mặt đối xứng?
A.
4
mặt phẳng. B.
1
mặt phẳng. C.
2
mặt phẳng. D.
3
mặt phẳng.
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u 47. Tổng các góc của tất cả các mặt của các khối đa diện đều loại
4;3
là:
A.
12 .
B.
36 .
C.
20 .
D.
24 .
Li gii
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u 48. Tổng các góc của tất cả các mặt của các khối đa diện đều loại
3;5
là:
A.
12 .
B.
36 .
C.
20 .
D.
24 .
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u 49. Tổng các góc của tất cả các mặt của các khối đa diện đều loại
5;3
là:
A.
12 .
B.
36 .
C.
20 .
D.
24 .
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u 50. Tổng diện tích tất cả các mặt của đa diện đều loại
4;3
cạnh
a
bằng bao nhiêu?
A.
2
3 3.a
B.
2
2 3.a
C.
D.
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u 51. Tổng diện tích tất cả các mặt của đa diện đều loại
3;5
cạnh
a
bằng bao nhiêu?
A.
2
3 3.a
B.
2
5 3.a
C.
2
6 3.a
D.
2
8 3.a
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u 52. (THPTQG 2017-103) Cho hình bát diện đều cạnh
.a
Gọi
S
tổng diện tích của tất cả
các mặt của hình bát diện đó. Mệnh đề nào sau đây đúng?
A.
2
4 3.Sa
B.
2
3.Sa
C.
2
2 3.Sa
D.
2
8.Sa
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u 53. Cho tứ diện
ABCD
. Có bao nhiêu mặt phẳng cách đều bốn đỉnh
, , ,A B C D
của tứ diện?
A.
1.
B.
4.
C.
7.
D.
9.
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u 54. Tổng diện tích tất cả các mặt của đa diện đều loại
5;3
cạnh bằng
2
giá trị bằng
bao nhiêu (làm tròn tới hàng phần trăm)?
A.
82,58.
B.
16,52.
C.
6,88.
D.
88,25.
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u 55.(THPT Chuyên Đại học Vinh lần 2 năm 2017) Vật thể nào trong các vật thể sau không phải
là khối đa diện ?
A. B. C. D.
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u 56. Trong các vật thể sau đây, vật thể nào là hình đa diện ?
A. B. C. D.
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u 57. (THPT Chuyên Hưng Yên) Hình nào dưới đây không phải là một khối đa diện ?
A. B. C. D.
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u 58. Vật thể nào trong các vật thể sau không phải là khối đa diện ?
A. B. C. D.
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u 59. Cho các hình vẽ sau:
Hình a Hình b Hình c Hình d
Hỏi trong bốn hình trên có bao nhiêu hình đa diện ?
A.
1.
B.
2.
C.
3.
D.
4.
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u 60. Hình nào sau đây không phải là hình đa diện ?
A. B. C. D.
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u 61. Cho các hình vẽ sau:
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Hình a Hình b Hình c Hình d
Hỏi trong bốn hình trên có bao nhiêu đa diện lồi ?
A.
1.
B.
2.
C.
3.
D.
4.
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A. THUYT.
1. Th tích khi chóp
Th tích khi chóp:
dáy
V S h
1
.
3
áy
S
đ
: Din tích m󰉢t đáy.
h
: Độ i chi󰉧u cao khi chóp.
S.ABCD ABCD
S, ABCD
V d .S
1
3
2. Th tích khối lăng tr
Th tích khi lăng trụ:
dáy
V S h.
áy
S
đ
: Din tích m󰉢t đáy.
h
: Độ i chi󰉧u cao khi chóp.
S.ABCD ABCD
S, ABCD
V d .S
1
3
Nhn t.
Lăng trụ đ󰉽ng có chi󰉧u cao chính l cnh bên.
Lăng trụ xiên xác định chi󰉧u cao da vào bốn đường vuông góc.
Th tích khi hp ch󰊀 nht:
V a b c..
Th tích khi lập phương:
Va
3
Đưng chéo ca hình vuông cnh
a
a 2
Đưng chéo ca hình lập phương cạnh
a
là :
a 3
Đưng chéo ca hình hp ch󰊀 nht có 3 kích thước
a b c,,
là :
a b c
2 2 2

Đưng cao của tam giác đ󰉧u cnh
a
là:
a 3
2
Chân đường vuông góc
Đường cao
Diện tích đáy
h
C'
B'
A
B
C
A'
H
Chân đường vuông góc
Đường cao
Diện tích đáy
h
C'
B'
A
B
C
A'
H
§BI 2. TH TÍCH KHI CHÓP KHI LĂNG TR
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3. Các ví d minh ha.
Nhóm bi tập nh chóp.
Ví dụ 1. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy l hình vuông cạnh
, a SA
vuông góc với m󰉢t đáy
, SD
tạo
với m󰉢t phẳng
SAB
một góc bằng
30
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp.
A.
3
3
3
a
. B.
3
6
18
a
. C.
3
6
3
a
. D.
3
3a
.
Li gii
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dụ 2. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy l tam giác đ󰉧u cạnh
a
,
SA
vuông góc với m󰉢t phẳng đáy,
,SA a
thể tích khối chóp đó bằng.
A.
3
3
4
a
. B.
3
3
6
a
. C.
3
3
12
a
. D.
3
3
3
a
.
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dụ 3. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
l hình vuông cạnh bằng
a
. Cạnh bên
SC
vuông
góc với đáy v
SB
tạo với đáy một góc
o
45
. Thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S AOD
, với
O
l tâm của
hình vuông
ABCD
là.
A.
3
2
a
V
. B.
3
12
a
V
. C.
3
Va
. D.
3
4Va
.
Li gii
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp-Khối Lăng Trụ
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dụ 4. Cho khối chóp
.S ABC
đáy
ABC
l tam giác vuông cân cạnh huy󰉧n
BC a
SA
vuông góc với m󰉢t phẳng đáy. Biết góc gi󰊀a m󰉢t phẳng
SBC
v m󰉢t phẳng
ABC
bằng
45
.
Thể tích của hình chóp
.S ABC
là.
A.
3
.
2
8
S ABC
a
V
. B.
3
.
2
24
S ABC
a
V
. C.
3
.
8
S ABC
a
V
. D.
3
.
24
S ABC
a
V
.
Li gii
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dụ 5. Cho t󰉽 diện
.S ABC
,SAB SCB
các tam giác cân tại
S
,,SA SB SC
đôi một vuông
góc với nhau. Biết
2BA a
, thể tích
V
của t󰉽 diện
.S ABC
là.
A.
3
6
a
V
. B.
3
2
a
V
. C.
3
22Va
. D.
3
Va
.
Li gii
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Ví dụ 6. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy
ABCD
l hình thoi cạnh
2a
,
0
60ABC
SA
vuông góc
với m󰉢t phẳng đáy. Khoảng cách
d
từ điểm
A
đến m󰉢t phẳng
SBD
, biết rằng
3SA a
là.
A.
3
4
a
d
. B.
3da
. C.
3
2
a
d
. D.
3
3
a
d
.
Li gii
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Ví dụ 7. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
SA
vuông góc với m󰉢t phẳng
ABC
. Tam giác
ABC
vuông tại
C
,
3AB a
,
AC a
. Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABC
biết rằng
5SC a
.
A.
3
10
6
a
. B.
3
6
6
a
. C.
3
6
4
a
. D.
3
2
3
a
.
Li gii
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dụ 8. Cho hình chóp t󰉽 giác đ󰉧u
.S ABCD
cạnh đáy bằng
2a
cạnh bên bằng
3a
. Tính thể
tích
V
của khối chóp đã cho?
A.
3
47Va
. B.
3
47
9
a
V
. C.
3
4
3
a
V
. D.
3
47
3
a
V
.
Li gii
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Ví dụ 9. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
l hình ch󰊀 nhật với
AB a
,
3BC a
. Cạnh bên
SA
vuông góc với đáy v đường thẳng
SC
tạo với m󰉢t phẳng
SAB
một góc
30
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABCD
theo
a
.
A.
3
26
3
a
V
. B.
3
2
3
a
V
. C.
3
3Va
. D.
3
3
3
a
V
.
Li gii
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp-Khối Lăng Trụ
22
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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dụ 10. Cho hình chóp đ󰉧u
.S ABCD
2AC a
, góc gi󰊀a m󰉢t phẳng
SBC
v m󰉢t phẳng
ABCD
bằng
45
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABCD
theo
a
.
A.
3
2
3
a
V
. B.
3
23
3
a
V
. C.
3
2Va
. D.
3
2
a
V
.
Li gii
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Ví dụ 11. Thể tích của chóp tam giác đ󰉧u có tất cả các cạnh đ󰉧u bằng
a
A.
3
2
4
a
. B.
3
2
2
a
. C.
3
2
6
a
. D.
3
2
12
a
.
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Ví dụ 12. Cho khối chóp tam giác đ󰉧u
.S ABC
cạnh đáy bằng
a
,
3SA a
. Tính thể tích
V
của
khối chóp
.S ABC
.
A.
3
35
24
a
V
. B.
3
3
6
a
V
. C.
3
2
6
a
V
. D.
3
2
2
a
V
.
Li gii
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp-Khối Lăng Trụ
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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dụ 13. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy l tam giác đ󰉧u cạnh
a
, m󰉢t phẳng
SAB
vuông góc với
m󰉢t phẳng
ABC
và tam giác
SAB
vuông cân tại
S
. Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABC
theo
a
.
A.
3
3
12
a
. B.
3
3
24
a
. C.
3
3
3
a
. D.
3
3
4
a
.
Li gii
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dụ 14. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
l hình ch󰊀 nhật,
AB a
,
2AD a
. Tam giác
SAB
cân tại
S
v nằm trong m󰉢t phẳng vuông góc với đáy. Đường thẳng
SC
tạo với đáy một góc
60
. Khi đó thể tích của khối chóp
.S ABCD
bằng
A.
3
17
3
a
. B.
3
17
3
a
. C.
3
17
9
a
. D.
3
17
6
a
.
Li gii
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp-Khối Lăng Trụ
24
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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Ví dụ 15. Cho khối chóp
.S ABCD
đường cao
SA
v đáy
ABCD
l hình thoi. Thể tích khối chóp
đã cho được tính theo công th󰉽c no sau đây?
A.
2
1
..
3
SA AB
B.
1
. . .
3
SA AC BD
C.
1
. . .
6
SA AC BD
D.
2
1
..
2
SA AB
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Ví dụ 16. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy
ABCD
l hình thang vuông tại
A
B
, biết
ABCD
1
2
AB BC AD a
. Tam giác
SAB
đ󰉧u v nằm trong m󰉢t phẳng vuông góc với đáy. Tính thể
tích khối chóp
.S ACD
.
A.
3
.
2
S ACD
a
V
. B.
3
.
3
S ACD
a
V
. C.
3
.
2
6
S ACD
a
V
. D.
3
.
3
6
S ACD
a
V
.
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dụ 17. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
l hình ch󰊀 nhật,
SAB
đ󰉧u cạnh
a
nằm trong
m󰉢t phẳng vuông góc với m󰉢t phẳng
ABCD
. Biết m󰉢t phẳng
SCD
tạo với m󰉢t phẳng
ABCD
một góc bằng
30
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
3
8
a
V
. B.
3
3
4
a
V
. C.
3
3
2
a
V
. D.
3
3
3
a
V
.
Li gii
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp-Khối Lăng Trụ
25
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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dụ 18. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
SA ABCD
. Biết
2AC a
, cạnh
SC
tạo với đáy góc
bằng
60
v diện tích t󰉽 giác
ABCD
bằng
2
3
2
a
. Gọi
H
l hình chiếu vuông góc của
A
lên
SC
.
Tính thể tích khối
.H ABCD
.
A.
3
36
8
a
. B.
3
6
2
a
. C.
3
6
8
a
. D.
3
6
4
a
.
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Ví dụ 19. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông cnh
a
. Hình chiếu ca
S
lên m󰉢t
phẳng đáy trùng với trng tâm ca tam giác
ABD
. Cnh
SD
to với đáy một góc
60
. Tính th
tích ca khi chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
15
3
a
. B.
3
15
27
a
. C.
3
15
9
a
. D.
3
3
a
.
Li gii
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp-Khối Lăng Trụ
26
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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dụ 20. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
, đáy
ABCD
l hình vuông cạnh
2a
. Hai m󰉢t phẳng
SAB
,
SAD
cùng vuông góc với đáy, góc gi󰊀a hai m󰉢t phẳng
SBC
ABCD
bằng
30
. Tính tỉ số
3
3V
a
biết
V
l thể tích của khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
12
. B.
3
2
. C.
3
. D.
83
3
.
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dụ 21. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy l hình thang vuông tại
A
B
. Hình chiếu vuông góc
của
S
trên m󰉢t đáy
ABCD
trùng với trung điểm
AB
. Biết
1,AB
2,BC
10.BD
Góc gi󰊀a
hai m󰉢t phẳng
SBD
v m󰉢t phẳng đáy là
60
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
..S BCD
A.
30
4
V
. B.
30
12
V
. C.
30
20
V
. D.
3 30
8
V
.
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp-Khối Lăng Trụ
27
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
dụ 22. Cho khối chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
l hình bình hnh v thể tích bằng
48
. Gọi
, ,M N P
lần lượt l điểm thuộc các cạnh
AB
,
CD
,
SC
sao cho
,MA MB
2NC ND
,
SP PC
.
Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.P MBCN
.
A.
14V
. B.
20V
. C.
28V
. D.
40V
.
Li gii
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Nhóm bi tập hình trụ đ󰉽ng.
dụ 23. Cho hình lăng trụ đ󰉽ng
.
ABC A B C
đáy l tam giác vuông cân tại
A
,
2BC a
2
AA a
. Tính thể tích
V
của hình lăng trụ đã cho.
A.
3
2Va
. B.
3
2
3
a
V
. C.
3
Va
. D.
3
3Va
.
Li gii
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Ví dụ 24. Cho lăng trụ đ󰉽ng
.
ABC A B C
có đáy
ABC
l tam giác vuông tại
;A
2;BC a
0
30ABC
Biết cạnh bên của lăng trụ bằng
23a
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ l.
A.
3
3a
. B.
3
3a
. C.
3
6a
. D.
3
23a
.
Li gii
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp-Khối Lăng Trụ
28
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
dụ 25. Tính thtích
V
của khối lăng trụ đ󰉽ng
.
ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
l tam giác vuông tại
,C
2,AB a
AC a
2.
BC a
A.
3
4
3
a
V
. B.
3
4Va
. C.
3
3
6
a
V
. D.
3
3
2
a
V
.
Li gii
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Ví dụ 26. Cho lăng trụ đ󰉽ng
1 1 1
.ABC A B C
có đáy
ABC
l tam giác vuông tại
B
với
3AB a
,
5AC a
,
1
4A B a
. Tính thể tích
V
của lăng trụ
1 1 1
.ABC A B C
?
A.
3
67Va
. B.
3
27Va
. C.
3
30Va
. D.
3
12 7Va
.
Li gii
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Ví dụ 27. Cho lăng trụ đ󰉽ng
. ' ' 'ABC A B C
có đáy
ABC
l tam giác vuông cân tại
B
,
5AB a
.
Góc gi󰊀a cạnh
'AB
v m󰉢t đáy l
60
o
. Tính thể tích lăng trụ
. ' ' 'ABC A B C
.
A.
3
15 5a
. B.
3
15 3a
. C.
3
5 15
2
a
. D.
3
53a
.
Li gii
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp-Khối Lăng Trụ
29
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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Ví dụ 28. Cho hình lăng trụ đ󰉽ng
.
ABC A B C
có đáy
ABC
là tam giác vuông với
AB AC a
, góc
gi󰊀a
BC
()ABC
bằng
45
. Tính thể tích khối lăng trụ.
A.
3
2
8
a
. B.
3
2
2
a
. C.
3
2a
. D.
3
2
4
a
.
Li gii
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dụ 29. Cho hình lăng trụ đ󰉽ng
.
ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
l tam giác đ󰉧u cạnh
a
. Góc gi󰊀a
đường thẳng
AB
v m󰉢t phẳng
ABC
bằng
45
. Thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ đã cho l:
A.
3
3
24
a
. B.
3
3
4
a
. C.
3
3
12
a
. D.
3
3
6
a
.
Li gii
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Ví dụ 30. Cho lăng trụ đ󰉽ng
.
ABC A B C
đáy l tam giác cân tại
A
,
2AB AC a
;
120
o
CAB
.
Góc gi󰊀a
A BC
ABC
o
45
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ l.
A.
3
3
2
a
. B.
3
23a
. C.
3
3a
. D.
3
3
3
a
.
Li gii
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp-Khối Lăng Trụ
30
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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dụ 31. Cho lăng trụ đ󰉽ng
. ' ' 'ABC A B C
đáy l tam giác vuông tại
0
, , 60A AC a ACB
.
Đường chéo
'BC
của m󰉢t bên
''BCC B
tạo với m󰉢t phẳng
''AA C C
một góc
0
30
. Tính thể tích
của khối lăng trụ theo
a
.
A.
3
6
2
a
. B.
3
6
3
a
. C.
3
26
3
a
. D.
3
6a
.
Li gii
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dụ 32. Cho hình lăng trụ t󰉽 giác đ󰉧u
.
ABCD A B C D
cạnh đáy bằng
a
, khoảng cách từ
A
đến m󰉢t phẳng
A BC
bằng
3
a
. Tính thể tích lăng trụ.
A.
3
2
4
a
. B.
3
33a
. C.
3
3
4
a
. D.
3
3
2
a
.
Li gii
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Nhóm bi tập hình trụ đ󰉽ng xiên.
Ví dụ 33. Cho hình lăng trụ
.
ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
l tam giác đ󰉧u cạnh
a
,
3
2
a
AA
. Biết rằng
hình chiếu vuông góc của
A
lên
ABC
l trung điểm
BC
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ đó.
A.
3
Va
. B.
3
2
3
a
V
. C.
3
3
42
a
V
. D.
3
3
2
Va
.
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp-Khối Lăng Trụ
31
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
Li gii
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Ví dụ 34. Cho hình lăng trụ
.
ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
l tam giác vuông tại
,B
,AB a
3,BC a
góc hợp bởi đường thẳng
AA
v m󰉢t phẳng
ABC
bằng
45 ,
hình chiếu vuông góc của
B
lên
m󰉢t phẳng
ABC
trùng với trọng tâm của tam giác
ABC
.
Tính thể tích khối lăng trụ
.
ABC A B C
.
A.
3
3
.
9
a
B.
3
3
.
3
a
C.
3
.a
D.
3
.
3
a
Li gii
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Ví dụ 35. Cho lăng trụ
.
ABC A B C
có đáy l tam giác đ󰉧u cạnh
a
,
AA b
AA
tạo với m󰉢t đáy
một góc
60
. Tính thể tích khối lăng trụ.
A.
2
3
4
ab
. B.
2
3
8
ab
. C.
2
3
8
ab
. D.
2
1
8
ab
.
Li gii
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp-Khối Lăng Trụ
32
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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Ví dụ 36. Cho lăng trụ tam giác
.
ABC A B C
có đáy
ABC
l tam giác đ󰉧u cạnh
2a
. Hình chiếu của
A
lên m󰉢t phẳng
ABC
trùng với trọng tâm tam giác
ABC
. Biết góc gi󰊀a cạnh bên v m󰉢t đáy
bằng
60
. Tính thể tích khối lăng trụ
.
ABC A B C
.
A.
3
3
4
a
. B.
3
43a
. C.
3
23a
. D.
3
3
2
a
.
Li gii
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dụ 37. Cho lăng trụ
.
ABC A B C
đáy l tam giác vuông cân tại
A
,
AB a
. Gọi
G
l trọng
tâm tam giác
ABC
. Biết
AG
vuông góc với m󰉢t phẳng
ABC
AB
tạo với đáy một góc
45
.
Tính thể tích khối chóp
.
A BCC B
.
A.
3
5
9
a
. B.
3
5
6
a
. C.
3
5
3
a
. D.
3
5
4
a
.
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Ví dụ 38. Cho lăng trụ tam giác
.
ABC A B C
đáy l tam giác
ABC
đ󰉧u cạnh bằng
a
. Hình chiếu
vuông góc của
A
trên m󰉢t phẳng
ABC
trùng với trung điểm
H
của cạnh
AB
. Góc gi󰊀a cạnh
bên của lăng trụ v m󰉢t phẳng đáy bằng
o
30
. Tính thể tích của khối lăng trụ đã cho theo
a
.
A.
3
3
4
a
. B.
3
4
a
. C.
3
24
a
. D.
3
8
a
.
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp-Khối Lăng Trụ
33
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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Ví dụ 39. Cho lăng trụ tam giác
.
ABC A B C
đáy l tam giác đ󰉧u cạnh
a
. Độ di cạnh bên bằng
4a
. M󰉢t phẳng

BCC B
vuông góc với đáy v
30
B BC
. Thể tích khối chóp
.

ACC B
là:
A.
3
3
2
a
. B.
3
3
12
a
. C.
3
3
18
a
. D.
3
3
6
a
.
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3. T s th tích
Cho khi chóp
.,S ABC
trên các đoạn thng
, , SA SB SC
ln
t lấy các điểm
, ,
A B C
khác
.S
Khi đó ta luôn tỉ s
th tích:
.
.
S A B C
S ABC
V
SA SB SC
V SA SB SC
Nhn xét.
Ngoài nh󰊀ng cách tính th tích trên, ta còn phương
pháp chia nh khối đa diện thành nh󰊀ng đa diện nh
mà d dng tính toán. Sau đó cộng li.
Ta thường dùng t s th tích khi điểm chia đon
theo t l.
Ví dụ 40. Cho t󰉽 diện
MNPQ
. Gọi
I
;
J
;
K
lần lượt l trung điểm của các cạnh
MN
;
MP
;
MQ
. Tỉ
số thể tích
MIJK
MNPQ
V
V
bằng
A.
1
3
. B.
1
4
. C.
1
6
. D.
1
8
.
A
B
C
S
A'
B'
C'
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp-Khối Lăng Trụ
34
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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dụ 41. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
A
B
lần lượt l trung điểm của
SA
SB
. Biết thể tích
khối chóp
.S ABC
bằng
24
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.

S A B C
.
A.
12V
. B.
8V
. C.
6V
. D.
3V
.
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Ví dụ 42. Cho khối chóp
.S ABC
, trên ba cạnh
SA
,
SB
,
SC
lần lượt lấy ba điểm
A
,
B
,
C
sao
cho
1
2
SA SA
,
1
3
SB SB
,
1
4
SC SC
. Gọi
V
V
lần lượt l thể tích của các khối chóp
.S ABC
.
S A B C
. Khi đó tỉ số
V
V
là:
A.
12
. B.
1
12
. C.
24
. D.
1
24
.
Li gii
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dụ 43. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
3
.
6
S ABC
Va
. Gọi
M
,
N
,
Q
lần lượt l các điểm trên các cạnh
SA
,
SB
,
SC
sao cho
SM MA
,
SN NB
,
2SQ QC
. Tính
.S MNQ
V
:
A.
3
a
. B. 2
3
a
. C.
3
3a
. D.
3
2
a
.
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Ví dụ 44. Cho hình chóp t󰉽 giác
.S ABCD
,M
,N
,P
Q
lần lượt l trung điểm các cạnh
,SA
,SB
,SC
SD
. Biết khối chóp
.S ABCD
có thể tích l
3
16a
. Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S MNPQ
theo
a
.
A.
3
2a
. B.
3
a
. C.
3
8a
. D.
3
4a
.
Li gii
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dụ 45. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy l hình vuông, cạnh bên
SA
vuông góc với đáy. Gọi
M
,
N
l trung điểm của
SA
,
SB
. M󰉢t phẳng
MNCD
chia hình chóp đã cho thnh hai phần. tỉ số thể
tích hai phần
.S MNCD
MNABCD
A.
3
4
. B.
3
5
. C.
4
5
. D.
1
.
Li gii
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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Ví dụ 46. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
. Gọi
A
,
B
,
C
,
D
theo th󰉽 tự l trung điểm của
SA
,
SB
,
SC
,
SD
. Tính tỉ số thể tích của hai khối chóp
.
S A B C D
.S ABCD
.
A.
1
16
. B.
1
4
. C.
1
8
. D.
1
2
.
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Ví dụ 47. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
. Gọi
A
,
B
,
C
,
D
lần l trung điểm các cạnh
SA
,
SB
,
SC
,
SD
. Tính tỉ số thể tích của hai khối chóp
.
S A B C D
.S ABCD
.
A.
1
12
. B.
1
8
. C.
1
16
. D.
1
2
.
Li gii
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp-Khối Lăng Trụ
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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Ví dụ 48. Cho khối t󰉽 diện thể tích
V
. Gọi
V
l thể tích khối đa diện có các đỉnh l trung điểm
các cạnh của khối t󰉽 diện đã cho. Tính tỉ số
V
V
.
A.
2
3
V
V
. B.
1
4
V
V
. C.
5
8
V
V
. D.
1
2
V
V
.
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dụ 49. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
l hình vuông cạnh
a
. Hai m󰉢t bên
SAB
SAD
cùng vuông góc với m󰉢t đáy. Biết góc gi󰊀a hai m󰉢t phẳng
SCD
ABCD
bằng
45
.
Gọi
12
;VV
lần lượt l thể tích khối chóp
.S AHK
.S ACD
với
H
,
K
lần lượt l trung điểm của
SC
SD
. Tính độ di đường cao của khối chóp
.S ABCD
v tỉ số
1
2
V
k
V
.
A.
1
;
4
h a k
. B.
1
;
6
h a k
. C.
1
2;
8
h a k
. D.
1
2;
3
h a k
.
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dụ 50. Xét khối lăng trụ tam giác
.
ABC A B C
. M󰉢t phẳng
C AB
chia khối lăng trụ thnh hai
phần có tỉ số thể tích bằng:
A.
2
3
. B.
1
2
. C.
1
. D.
1
3
.
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Ví dụ 51. Xét khối lăng trụ tam giác
.
ABC A B C
. M󰉢t phẳng đi qua
C
v các trung điểm của
AA
,
BB
chia khối lăng trụ thnh hai phần có tỉ số thể tích bằng:
A.
2
3
. B.
1
2
. C.
1
. D.
1
3
.
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 3. Thể Tích Khối Chóp Đều
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A. THUYT.
I. Tính cht hình chóp đu.
1. Định nghĩa
Đáy là đa gc đều (hình chóp tam giác đều có đáy là tam giác đều, hình chóp t giác đều có đáy
là hình vuông).
Chân đường cao trùng với tâm đường tròn ngoi tiếp đa giác đáy
(hình chóp tam giác đu
chân đường cao trùng vi trng tâm
,G
hình chóp t giác đều chân đường cao trùng vi
tâm
O
ca hình vuông).
Các mt bên là nhng tam giác cân và bng nhau
.
Góc gia các cnh bên và mặt đáy đều bng nhau
.
Góc gia các mt bên và mặt đáy đều bng nhau
.
2. Ví d minh ha.
Ví dụ 1. Thể tích của chóp tam giác đều có tất cả các cạnh đều bằng
a
A.
3
2
4
a
. B.
3
2
2
a
. C.
3
2
6
a
. D.
3
2
12
a
.
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Công thức nhanh : Hình chóp tam giác đều tất cả các cạnh đều bằng
a
hình tứ diện đều
cạnh
a
3
2
12

a
V
.O
§BI 3. TH TÍCH KHI CHÓP KHÓP ĐỀUKHI LĂNG TR ĐU
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dụ 2. Cho khối chóp tam giác đều
.S ABC
cạnh đáy bằng
a
,
3S A a
. Tính thể tích
V
của
khối chóp
.S ABC
.
A.
3
35
24
a
V
. B.
3
3
6
a
V
. C.
3
2
6
a
V
. D.
3
2
2
a
V
.
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Ví dụ 3. Cho hình chóp tam giác đềucạnh đáy bằng
3a
cạnh bên tạo với đáy một góc
60
.
Thể tích của khối chóp đó bằng
A.
3
3
4
a
. B.
3
3
12
a
. C.
3
12
a
. D.
3
4
a
.
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dụ 4. Cho hình chóp tam giác đều cạnh đáy bằng
a
các mặt bên đều tạo với mặt phẳng đáy
một góc bằng
60
. Thể tích của khối chóp bằng
A.
3
3
12
a
. B.
3
3
4
a
. C.
3
3
24
a
. D.
3
3
8
a
.
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dụ 5. Cho khối chóp tứ giác đều cạnh đáy bằng
a
, cạnh bên bằng
2a
. Tính thể tích
V
của
khối chóp đã cho.
A.
3
2
6
a
V
. B.
3
11
12
a
V
. C.
3
14
2
a
V
. D.
3
14
.
6
a
V
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Ví dụ 6. Cho hình chóp tứ giác đều
.S ABCD
cạnh đáy bằng
a
góc giữa cạnh bên mặt phẳng
đáy bằng
60
. Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
6
2
a
. B.
3
6
6
a
. C.
3
6
a
. D.
3
6
3
a
.
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dụ 7. Cho hình chóp đều
.S ABCD
2AC a
, góc giữa mặt phẳng
SBC
mặt phẳng
ABCD
bằng
45
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABCD
theo
a
.
A.
3
2
3
a
V
. B.
3
23
3
a
V
. C.
3
2Va
. D.
3
2
a
V
.
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Ví dụ 8. Cho hình chóp đều
.S ABCD
có cạnh đáy bằng
2a
, khoảng cách giữa hai đường thẳng
SA
CD
bằng
3a
. Thể tích khối chóp đều
.S ABCD
bằng ?
A.
3
3
3
a
. B.
3
43a
. C.
3
3a
. D.
3
43
3
a
.
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II. T din đut diện đều.
1. Định nghĩa
T diện đều là hình chóp có tt c các mt là những tam giác đều bng nhau.
Bát din đều là hình gm hai hình chóp t giác đều ghép trùng khít hai đáy vi nhau.
Mỗi đỉnh của nó là đỉnh chung ca bốn tam giác đều.
Tám mặt là các tam giác đều và bng nhau.
Nếu nối trung điểm ca hình t diện đều hoc tâm các mt ca hình lập phương ta sẽ thu
đưc mt hình bát diện đều.
2. d minh ha.
D
E
C
B
F
A
Chiều cao
hình chóp
Góc mặt bên
và mặt đáy
Góc cạnh bên
và mặt đáy
β
α
H
N
M
A
B
C
S
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
Ví dụ 9. Thể tích của khối tứ diện đều có cạnh bằng
3
.
A.
2
. B.
22
. C.
42
9
. D.
92
4
.
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Ví dụ 10. Thể tích khối tứ diện đều cạnh
3a
bằng:
A.
3
6
8
a
. B.
3
6
6
a
. C.
3
32
8
a
. D.
3
6
4
a
.
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Ví dụ 11. Thể tích khối bát diện đều cạnh
a
là:
A.
3
2
6
a
. B.
3
2a
. C.
3
2
3
a
. D.
3
2
2
a
.
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Ví dụ 12. Tính thể tích của khối bát diện đều có cạnh bằng 2.
A.
82
3
. B.
16
3
. C.
42
3
. D.
16 2
3
.
Li gii
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III. Hình lăng tr đngnh lăng tr đều.
1. Định nghĩa.
Hình lăng trụ đứng là hình lăng trụ có các cnh bên vuông góc vi mt phẳng đáy.
Do đó các mặt bên của hình lăng trụ đứng là các hình ch nht và nm trong mt phng vuông
góc vi mt phẳng đáy.
2. d minh ha.
dụ 13. Cho hình lăng trụ tam giác đều
.
ABC A B C
2AB a
,
3
AA a
. Tính thể tích khối
lăng trụ
.
ABC A B C
.
A.
3
3
4
a
. B.
3
4
a
. C.
3
3a
. D.
3
a
.
Li gii
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C'
B'
A
B
C
A'
C'
C
D'
B'
D'
B
A
A'
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dụ 14. Lăng trụ tam giác đều độ dài tất cả các cạnh bằng
3
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ đã cho
bằng
A.
93
4
. B.
27 3
4
. C.
27 3
2
. D.
93
2
.
Li gii.
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dụ 15. Tính thể tích của một khối lăng trụ tam giác đều
.
ABC A B C
5
AC a
đáy tam
giác đều cạnh
4.a
A.
3
12 .Va
B.
3
20 .Va
C.
3
20 3.Va
D.
3
12 3.Va
Li gii
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dụ 16. Tính thể tích khối lăng trụ tam giác đều
.
ABC A B C
biết tất cả các cạnh của lăng tr
đều bằng
a
.
A.
3
a
. B.
3
3
12
a
. C.
3
3
a
. D.
3
3
4
a
.
Li gii
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Ví dụ 17. Thể tích của khối lăng trụ tứ giác đều
.
ABCD A B C D
có tất cả các cạnh bằng
a
A.
3
3a
. B.
3
3
2
a
. C.
3
a
. D.
3
3
4
a
.
Li gii
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dụ 18. Cho lăng trụ tam giác đều
.
ABC A B C
cạnh đáy bằng
a
góc giữa đường thẳng
AC
và mặt phẳng đáy bằng
60
. Tính thể tích khối lăng trụ
.
ABC A B C
theo
.a
A.
3
3
4
a
. B.
3
12
a
. C.
3
3
4
a
. D.
3
4
a
.
Li gii
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Ví dụ 19. Lăng trụ tam giác đều
.
ABC A B C
có cạnh đáy bằng
4
và diện tích tam giác
A BC
bằng
8
. Tính thể tích khối lăng trụ đó.
A.
83
. B.
63
. C.
43
. D.
23
.
Li gii
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B. CÂU HI TRC NGHIM.
u 1. Cho hình chóp tứ giác đều
.S ABCD
cạnh đáy bằng
2a
cạnh bên bằng
3a
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp đã cho?
A.
3
47Va
. B.
3
47
9
a
V
. C.
3
4
3
a
V
. D.
3
47
3
a
V
.
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Li gii
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u 2. Cho lăng trụ tam giác đều
.
ABC A B C
cạnh đáy
4a
, biết diện tích tam giác
A BC
bằng
8
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ
.
ABC A B C
bằng
A.
2 3.
B.
10 3.
C.
4 3.
D.
8 3.
Li gii
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u 3. Thể tích của một khối tứ diện đều cạnh bằng
a
.
A.
3
2
24
a
. B.
3
2
12
a
. C.
3
3
6
a
. D.
3
3
12
a
.
Li gii
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u 4. Cho hình chóp đều
.S ABC
cạnh đáy bằng
a
, cạnh bên bằng
3a
. Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABC
tính theo
a
A.
3
26
12
a
. B.
3
78
12
a
. C.
3
26
3
a
. D.
3
78
3
a
.
Li gii
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u 5. Cho hình chóp tam giác đều
.S ABC
cạnh đáy bằng
a
chiều cao nh chóp
2a
.
Tính theo
a
thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABC
.
A.
3
6
12
a
V
. B.
3
6
4
a
V
. C.
3
6
a
V
.
D.
3
6
6
a
V
.
Li gii
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u 6. Cho hình chóp tứ giác đều
.S ABCD
có đáy
ABCD
là hình vuông cạnh bằng
3a
2 SA SB SC SD a
. Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
?
A.
3
2
6
a
. B.
3
2
2
a
. C.
3
3
3
a
. D.
3
6
6
a
.
Li gii
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u 7. Cho khối chóp đều
.S ABC
cạnh đáy bằng
a
, cạnh bên bằng
3a
. Tính thể tích khối chóp đó
A.
3
3
4
a
V
. B.
3
11
12
a
V
. C.
3
26
12
a
V
. D.
3
11
6
a
V
.
Li gii
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u 8. Cho hình chóp tam giác đều
.S ABC
đỉnh
S
, độ dài cạnh đáy là
a
, cạnh bên bằng
2a
. Gọi
I
là trung điểm của cạnh
BC
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABI
.
A.
3
11
12
a
. B.
3
11
24
a
. C.
3
11
8
a
. D.
3
11
6
a
.
Li gii
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u 9. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp tứ giác đều
.S ABCD
biết cạnh đáy bằng
a
góc giữa mặt
bên với mặt đáy bằng
45
.
A.
3
2
6
a
V
. B.
3
6
a
V
. C.
3
3
a
V
. D.
3
4
a
V
.
Li gii
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u 10. Cho hình chóp tứ giác đều tất cả các cạnh bằng nhau, đường cao của một mặt bên
3a
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp đó.
A.
3
2
9
a
V
. B.
3
42Va
. C.
3
42
3
a
V
. D.
3
2
6
a
V
.
Li gii
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u 11. Cho khối chóp tgiác đều cạnh đáy bằng
a
, cạnh bên gấp hai lần cạnh đáy. Tính thể
tích
V
của khối chóp đã cho.
A.
3
14
6
a
V
. B.
3
14
2
a
V
. C.
3
2
2
a
V
. D.
3
2
6
a
V
.
Li gii
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u 12. Cho hình lập phương diện tích mặt chéo bằng . Thể
tích của khối lập phương
A. . B. . C. . D. .
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.ABCD A B C D
ACC A

2
22a
.ABCD A B C D
3
22a
3
8a
3
2a
3
a
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u 13. Cho lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy tam giác đều cạnh
a
. Mặt phẳng
AB C

tạo với
mặt đáy góc
60
. Tính theo
a
thể tích lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
.
A.
3
33
8
a
. B.
3
33
4
a
. C.
3
3
8
a
. D.
3
3
2
a
.
Li gii
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u 14. Thể tích khối bát diện đều cạnh
2a
bằng:
A.
3
4
3
a
. B.
3
3
a
. C.
3
8
3
a
. D.
3
4
a
.
Li gii
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u 15. Cho hình chóp đều
.S ABCD
cạnh đáy bằng
a
, cạnh bên bằng
2a
O
tâm của
đáy. Gọi
, , ,M N P Q
lần lượt các điểm đối xứng với
O
qua trọng m của các tam giác
, , ,SAB SBC SCD SDA
S
điểm đối xứng với
S
qua
O
. Thể ch của khối chóp
.S MNPQ
bằng
A.
3
26
9
a
. B.
3
20 6
81
a
. C.
3
40 6
9
a
. D.
3
10 6
81
a
.
Li gii
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u 16. Cho lăng trụ đều
.ABC EFH
tất cả các cạnh bằng 1. Gọi
S
điểm đối xứng của
A
qua
BH
. Thể tích khối đa diện
.ABC SFH
bằng
A.
1
2
. B.
3
3
. C.
3
6
. D.
1
6
.
Li gii
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u 17. Cho hình chóp đều
.S ABCD
cạnh đáy bằng
3a
, cạnh bên bằng
33
2
a
O
tâm của
đáy. Gọi
M
,
N
,
P
Q
lần lượt hình chiếu vuông góc của
O
trên các mặt phẳng
SAB
,
SBC
,
SCD
SDA
. Thể tích của khối chóp
.O MNPQ
bằng
A.
3
9
32
a
. B.
3
9
16
a
. C.
3
3
a
. D.
3
2
3
a
.
Li gii
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Dạng 1. Khối chóp cạnh bên vuôngc với đáy hoặcnh chiếu vuông góc.
1. Phương pháp.
Khi chóp
1 2 3
. ...
n
S A A A A
cnh bên vuông góc với đáy
nên suy ra
1 1 2 3
...
n
SA A A A A
.
Khi đó
1
SA
là chiu cao ca khi chóp.
Thch ca khi chóp
1 2 3 1 2 3
. ... 1 ...
1
.
3
nn
S A A A A A A A A
V SA S
Khi chóp có hình chiếu t đim
S
xung mặt đáy
1 2 3
...
n
A A A A
tại điểm
H
. Khi đó
1 2 3
...
n
SH A A A A
nên
SH
là chiu cao ca hình chóp.
Thch ca khi chóp
1 2 3 1 2 3
. ... ...
1
.
3
nn
S A A A A A A A A
V SH S
2. Một số công thức tính diện tích và đường cao
Diện tích tam giác thường:
Cho tam giác
ABC
và đặt
,,AB c BC a
CA b
na chu vi
:
2

abc
p
Gi
, Rr
ln lượt là bán kính đường tròn ngoi tiếp
và ni tiếp ca tam giác
.ABC
Khi đó:
1 1 1
. . .
2 2 2
1 1 1
sin sin sin
2 2 2
.
4
( )( )( ), (Héron)

a b c
ABC
a h b h c h
ab C bc A ac B
S
abc
pr
R
p p a p b p c
Din tích tam giác đặc bit:
Tam gi¸c vu«ng
1
S TÝch hai nh gãc vu«ng
2
1
.
2
AB AC
A
1
A
n
A
3
A
2
S
A
...
H
A
1
A
n
A
3
A
2
A
...
S
h
a
a
r
c
b
R
H
B
C
A
B
A
C
§BI 4. MÔT S DNG TOÁN TH TÍCH HÌNH CHÓP
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Có Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
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2
tam giac vu«ngcan
(c¹nh huyÒn)
S
4
2
.
4
BC
2
tam gi¸c ®Òu
(c¹nh)
S
.3
4
c¹nh. 3
ChiÒu cao tam gi¸c ®Òu
2
H×nhchö nhËt
c¹nh. 3
S=
2
2
Hinhvu«ng
S a
Tø gc cã 2 ®êng chÐo vu«ng gãc
TÝch hai ®êng c
o
S
2
h×nh thoi
TÝch 2 ®êng chÐo
S
2


h×nh thang
(®¸y lín ®¸y bÐ) (chiÒu ca
o)
S
2
H thức lượng trong tam giác vuông
Cho
ABC
vuông ti
,A
AH
là đường cao,
AM
trung tuyến. Khi đó:
2 2 2
(Pitago),BC AB AC
. . .AH BC AB AC
2
AB BH BC
2
.AC CH CB
2 2 2
1 1 1

AH AB AC
2
.AH HB HC
2.BC AM
11
.
22
ABC
S AB AC AH BC
H thức lượng trong tam giác thường
Cho
ABC
và đặt
, , ,AB c BC a CA b
na chu
vi
2

abc
p
. Gi
, Rr
lần lượt bán kính đường tròn
ngoi tiếp và ni tiếp tam giác
.ABC
Khi đó:
Định lý hàm sin:
2.
sin sin sin
a b c
R
A B C
C
A
B
60
H
A
B
C
A
C
B
D
H
C
A
D
B
M
H
B
A
C
h
a
a
r
c
b
R
H
B
C
A
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Định lý hàm cos:
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 cosA cosA
2
2 cosB cosB
2
2 cosC cosC
2



b c a
a b c bc
bc
a c b
b a c ac
ac
a b c
c a b ab
ab
Công thc trung tuyến:
2 2 2
2
2 2 2
2
2 2 2
2
24
24
24
AB AC BC
AM
BA BC AC
BN
CA CB AB
CK
Định lý Thales:
2
2



AMN
ABC
AM AN MN
MN BC k
AB AC BC
S
AM
k
S AB
3. dụ minh họa.
Mức độ 1. Nhận biết
u 1. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
có đáy
ABC
là tam giác vuông tại
B
BA BC a
.
Cạnh bên
2SA a
và vuông góc với mặt phẳng đáy. Tính theo
a
thể tích khối chóp
.S ABC
.
A.
3
3
a
V
. B.
3
2
3
a
V
. C.
3
Va
. D.
3
3
2
a
V
.
Li gii
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u 2. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
SA
vuông góc với mặt phẳng
ABC
. Tam giác
ABC
vuông tại
C
,
3AB a
,
AC a
. Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABC
biết rằng
5SC a
.
A.
3
10
6
a
. B.
3
6
6
a
. C.
3
6
4
a
. D.
3
2
3
a
.
Li gii
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M
H
B
A
C
N
B
C
A
M
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Có Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
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u 3. Cho hình hình chóp
.S ABC
cạnh
SA
vuông góc với mặt đáy
3SA a
. Đáy
ABC
tam giác đều cạnh bằng
a
. Thể tích của khối chóp
.S ABC
bằng.
A.
3
4
a
V
. B.
3
3Va
. C.
3
3
12
a
V
. D.
3
12
a
V
.
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u 4. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy tam giác đều cạnh
,a
SA
vuông góc với mặt phẳng đáy,
SA a
, thể tích khối chóp đó bằng.
A.
3
3
4
a
. B.
3
3
6
a
. C.
3
3
12
a
. D.
3
3
3
a
.
Li gii
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u 5. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy
ABC
tam giác đều cạnh
a
. Cạnh
SA
vuông góc với mặt
phẳng
ABC
3
3
a
SA
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABC
.
A.
3
8
a
V
. B.
3
12
a
V
. C.
2
4
a
V
. D.
3
6
a
V
.
Li gii
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u 6. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
SA ABC
. Tam giác vuông cân tại
B
2SA AC a
. Tính
theo
a
thể tích của khối chóp
.S ABC
.
A.
3
4
3
a
. B.
3
22
3
a
. C.
3
2
3
a
. D.
3
1
3
a
.
Li gii
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u 7. Cho tứ diện
ABCD
AD
vuông góc với mặt phẳng
ABC
biết đáy
ABC
tam giác
vuông tại
B
10, 10, 24 AD AB BC
. Tính thể tích
V
của tứ diện
ABCD
.
A.
960V
. B.
400V
. C.
1200V
. D.
1300
3
V
.
Li gii
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u 8. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy
ABC
tam giác đều cạnh
a
,
SA ABC
3SA a
. Thể
tích khối chóp
.S ABC
là.
A.
3
3
4
a
. B.
3
3
8
a
. C.
3
3
6
a
. D.
3
4
a
.
Li gii
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u 9. Cho hình chóp tam giác
.S ABC
với
,,SA SB SC
đôi một vuông góc
SA SB SC a
. Khi
đó, thể tích khối chóp trên bằng:
A.
3
2
3
a
. B.
3
9
a
. C.
3
6
a
. D.
3
3
a
.
Li gii
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u 10. Cho hình chóp tứ giác
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông cạnh
a
, cạnh bên
SA
vuông
góc với mặt phẳng đáy và
2SA a
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
2
6
a
V
. B.
3
2
3
a
V
. C.
3
2Va
. D.
3
2
4
a
V
.
Li gii
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u 11. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông tâm
O
cạnh
2a
.Biết
SA
vuông góc
với mặt phẳng đáy và
2.SA a
Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABO
.
A.
3
42
3
a
. B.
3
22
12
a
. C.
3
2
12
a
. D.
3
2
3
a
.
Li gii
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u 12. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy
ABCD
là hình vuông cạnh
a
. Cạnh bên
SA
vuông góc với
đáy và có độ dài bằng
a
. Tính thể tích khối tứ diện
.S BCD
.
A.
3
6
a
. B.
3
3
a
. C.
3
2
a
. D.
3
4
a
.
Li gii
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u 13. Cho hình chóp tứ giác
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình chữ nhật,
AB a
,
3AD a
, cạnh
bên
SA
vuông góc với mặt phẳng đáy và
SA a
. Tính theo
a
thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
3
2
a
. B.
3
3
6
a
. C.
3
3
3
a
. D.
3
3a
.
Li gii
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u 14. Cho hình chóp tứ giác
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình chữ nhật có cạnh
,AB a BC
2a
,
cạnh bên
SA
vuông góc với mặt phẳng đáy và
3SA a
. Tính thể tích V của khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
43
3
a
V
. B.
3
23Va
. C.
3
23
3
a
V
. D.
3
3
6
a
V
.
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u 15. Cho khối chóp
.S ABCD
đáy hình chữ nhật,
,SA ABCD
3AB a
,
2AD a
,
5.SB a
Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABCD
theo
.a
.
A.
3
8Va
. B.
3
24Va
. C.
2
8Va
. D.
3
10Va
.
Li gii
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u 16. Cho tứ diện
.O ABC
OA
,
OB
,
OC
đôi một vuông góc với nhau
2OA a
,
3OB a
,
8OC a
.
M
là trung điểm của
.OC
Tính thể tích
V
của khối tứ diện
.O ABM
.
A.
3
3Va
. B.
3
6Va
. C.
3
8Va
. D.
3
4Va
.
Li gii
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u 17. Cho tứ diện
.S ABC
,SAB SCB
các tam giác cân tại
S
,,SA SB SC
đôi một vuông
góc với nhau. Biết
2BA a
, thể tích
V
của tứ diện
.S ABC
là.
A.
3
6
a
V
. B.
3
2
a
V
. C.
3
22Va
. D.
3
Va
.
Li gii
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u 18. Cho khối tứ diện
OABC
,,OA OB OC
đôi một vuông góc
, 2 , 3 . OA a OB a OC a
Thể tích
V
của khối tứ diện
OABC
là.
A.
3
4Va
. B.
3
2Va
. C.
3
Va
. D.
3
3Va
.
Li gii
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u 19. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy là hình vuông cnh
,a
hình chiếu ca
S
trên
ABCD
trng với trung điểm ca cnh
,AB
cnh bên
3
2
a
SD
. Th tích ca khi chóp
.S ABCD
tính theo
a
bng:
A.
3
7
3
a
. B.
3
3
a
. C.
3
5
3
a
. D.
3
3
3
a
.
Li gii
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u 20. Cho khối chóp
.S ABCD
,SA ABCD
10SB a
ABCD
hình vuông cạnh
.a
Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
bằng.
A.
3
a
. B.
3
2a
.
C.
3
2
3
a
. D.
3
4
3
a
.
Li gii
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u 21. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
SA ABCD
,
5SB a
.
Đáy
ABCD
là hình thoi cạnh
a
và góc
o
30ABC
. Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
bằng.
A.
3
1
3
a
. B.
3
3
3
a
. C.
3
2
3
a
. D.
3
3a
.
Li gii
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u 22. Cho hình chóp tam giác
.S ABC
đáy
ABC
tam giác đều cạnh a, cạnh bên
SA
vuông
góc đáy và
23SA a
. Tính thể tích V của khối chóp
.S ABC
.
A.
3
32
2
a
V
. B.
3
3
2
a
V
. C.
3
Va
. D.
3
2
a
V
.
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u 23. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
với
,SA SB
,SC SA
,SB SC
,SA a
,SB b
SC c
. Thể tích
của hình chóp bằng.
A.
1
3
abc
. B.
abc
. C.
1
6
abc
. D.
1
2
abc
.
Li gii
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Có Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 24. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông tâm
O
cạnh
2a
.Biết
SA
vuông góc
với mặt phẳng đáy và
2.SA a
Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABO
.
A.
3
42
3
a
. B.
3
22
12
a
. C.
3
2
12
a
. D.
3
2
3
a
.
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u 25. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông cạnh bằng 1. Cạnh bên
SA
vuông
góc với mặt phẳng
ABCD
5SC
. Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3V
. B.
3
6
V
. C.
3
3
V
. D.
15
3
V
.
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Mức độ 2. Thông Hiểu
u 26. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
có đáy là tam giác vuông cân ti
;B
, AB a SA ABC
.
Cnh bên
SB
hp với đáy mt góc
45
. Th tích ca khi chóp
.S ABC
tính theo
a
bng:
A.
3
6
a
. B.
3
2
6
a
. C.
3
3
a
. D.
3
3
3
a
.
Li gii
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
64
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 27. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
()SA ABC
,
ABC
vuông tại
B
,
AB a
,
3AC a
.
Biết góc giữa
SB
và mp
ABC
bằng
0
30
. Thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABC
là:
A.
3
26
3
a
V
. B.
3
6
18
a
V
. C.
3
6
9
a
V
. D.
3
6
6
a
V
.
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u 28. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
có đáy
ABC
là tam giác đều cạnh bằng
2a
, cạnh bên
SA
vuông góc
với mặt phẳng
ABC
. Gọi
M
trung điểm của
BC
, góc giữa
SM
mặt phẳng đáy
ABC
bằng
o
60
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABC
?
A.
3
33Va
. B.
3
23Va
. C.
3
3Va
. D.
3
63Va
.
Li gii
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u 29. Cho hình chóp
SABC
đáy
ABC
là tam giác vuông cân tại
B
với
AC a
biết
SA
vuông
góc với đáy
ABC
SB
hợp với đáy một góc
o
60
. Tính thể tích hình chóp.
A.
3
6
8
a
. B.
3
3
24
a
. C.
3
6
48
a
. D.
3
6
24
a
.
Li gii
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Có Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
65
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 30. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
,SA ABC
góc giữa
SB
ABC
bằng
o
60
; tam giác
ABC
đều cạnh
.a
Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABC
bằng.
A.
3
3a
. B.
3
1
4
a
. C.
3
1
2
a
. D.
3
a
.
Li gii
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u 31. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
()SA ABC
,
ABC
vuông tại
B
,
AB a
,
3AC a
. Biết góc
giữa
SB
và mp
ABC
bằng
0
30
. Thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABC
là:
A.
3
26
3
a
V
. B.
3
6
18
a
V
. C.
3
6
9
a
V
. D.
3
6
6
a
V
.
Li gii
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u 32. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
ABC
tam giác đều cạnh
a
. Hình chiếu vuông góc của
S
trên
ABC
điểm
H
thuộc cạnh
AB
sao cho
2HA HB
.
Góc giữa đường thẳng
SC
mặt phẳng
ABC
bằng
o
60
. Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABC
bằng.
A.
3
7
4
a
. B.
3
7
12
a
. C.
3
7
8
a
. D.
3
7
16
a
.
Li gii
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
66
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 33. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy hình vuông cạnh
a
, hình chiếu vuông góc của
S
trên
ABCD
trng với trung điểm của
AD
M
trung điểm
DC
. Cạnh bên
SB
hợp với đáy một
góc
o
60
. Thể tích của khối chóp
.S ABM
tính theo
a
bằng.
A.
3
15
4
a
. B.
3
15
3
a
. C.
3
15
12
a
. D.
3
15
6
a
.
Li gii
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u 34. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
tam giác
SAB
đều cạnh
,a
tam giác
ABC
cân tại
.C
Hình chiếu
của
S
trên mặt phẳng
ABC
trung điểm của cạnh
.AB
Đường thẳng
SC
tạo với mặt đáy một
góc
30 .
Tính theo
a
thể tích
V
của khối chóp
..S ABC
.
A.
3
3
4
Va
. B.
3
33
4
Va
. C.
3
3
8
Va
. D.
3
3
2
Va
.
Li gii
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Có Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 35. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
thoi cạnh
a
với
0
120BAD
. Hình chiếu vuông
góc của
S
lên mặt phẳng
ABCD
trng với trung điểm
I
của cạnh
AB
. Cạnh bên
SD
hợp với
đáy một góc
0
45
. Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
là:
A.
3
21
3
a
. B.
3
21
9
a
. C.
3
21
12
a
. D.
3
21
15
a
.
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u 36. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy là hình vuông cạnh
a
,
SA ABCD
, góc giữa
SC
và mặt
đáy bằng
60
. Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
bằng.
A.
3
12
a
. B.
3
6
a
. C.
3
3a
. D.
3
6
3
a
.
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u 37. nh chóp
.S ABC
đáy là tam giác
ABC
vuông n tại
,B
2
;
2
a
AC
SA
vuông c với
mặt đáy. Góc gia mặt n
SBC
và mt đáy bằng
45 .
Tính theo
a
th tích khi chóp
..S ABC
.
A.
3
2
48
a
. B.
3
48
a
. C.
3
16
a
. D.
3
3
48
a
.
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
68
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 38. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy hình vuông cạnh
a
. Cạnh bên
SA
vuông góc với mặt
phẳng đáy, cạnh bên
SC
tạo với mặt phẳng
SAB
một góc
30
. Thể tích của khối chóp đó bằng.
A.
3
2
2
a
. B.
3
3
3
a
. C.
3
2
4
a
. D.
3
2
3
a
.
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u 39. Cho khối chóp
.S ABCD
SA ABCD
, đáy
ABCD
là hình vuông cạnh
a
, góc giữa
SC
và mặt đáy
ABCD
bằng
0
45
. Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
bằng:
A.
3
2
3
a
. B.
3
2
3
a
. C.
3
3
2
a
. D.
3
3
a
.
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u 40. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy hình vuông cạnh
, a SA
vuông góc với mặt đáy, tạo với
mặt phẳng
SAB
một góc bằng
30
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp.
A.
3
3
3
a
. B.
3
6
18
a
. C.
3
6
3
a
. D.
3
3a
.
Li gii
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Có Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
69
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 41. Cho hình chóp đáy hình vuông cạnh bằng
a
. Cạnh bên
SC
vuông góc với đáy
SB
tạo với đáy một góc
o
45
. Thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S AOD
, với
O
là tâm của hình vuông
ABCD
là.
A.
3
2
a
V
. B.
3
12
a
V
.
.S ABCD
C.
3
Va
. D.
3
4Va
.
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u 42. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy hình vuông cạnh
,a
SA
vuông góc với mặt đáy,
SB
tạo
với mặt phẳng
SAD
một góc bằng
30
o
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
3
3
a
V
. B.
3
23Va
. C.
3
2
3
a
V
. D.
3
3
6
a
V
.
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u 43. Hình chóp tứ giác
.S ABCD
có đáy là hình chữ nhật, cạnh
,2AB a AD a
,
SA ABCD
, góc giữa
SC
và đáy bằng
0
60
. Tính theo
a
thể tích khối chóp
..S ABCD
A.
3
2.a
B.
3
6.a
C.
3
3 2 .a
D.
3
3.a
Li gii
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
70
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 44. Hình chóp t giác
.S ABCD
có đáy là hình ch nht cnh
, 2, AB a AD a SA ABCD
, góc gia
SC
và đáy bng
60
. Th tích hình chóp
.S ABCD
A.
3
2a
. B.
3
3a
. C.
32a
. D.
3
6a
.
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u 45. Hình chóp tứ giác đáy hình chữ nhật cạnh
, AB a AD a
,
SA ABCD
, góc giữa
SC
và đáy bằng
o
60
. Thể tích hình chóp
.S ABCD
bằng:
A.
3
2a
. B.
3
32a
. C.
3
6a
. D.
3
3a
.
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u 46. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy hình chữ nhật,
AB a
,
2BC a
,
SA
vuông góc với mặt
phẳng đáy
ABCD
. Tính thể tích của khối chóp
.S ABCD
biết
SB
tạo với mặt phẳng đáy
ABCD
một góc
60
.
A.
3
2
33
a
. B.
3
3
3
a
. C.
3
23a
. D.
3
23
3
a
.
Li gii
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Có Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
71
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u 47. Hình chóp tứ giác
.S ABCD
đáyhình chữ nhật cạnh
AB a
,
2AD a
;
()SA ABCD
,
góc giữa
SC
và đáy bằng
60
. Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
bằng.
A.
3
3a
. B.
3
32a
. C.
3
2a
. D.
3
6a
.
Li gii
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u 48. Hình chóp tứ giác
.S ABCD
đáy hình chữ nhật cạnh
,2AB a AD a
,
SA ABCD
,
góc giữa
SC
và mặt phẳng đáy bằng
60
. Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
bằng:
A.
3
3a
.
B.
3
32a
. C.
3
2a
. D.
3
6a
.
Li gii
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
72
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Mức độ 3. Vận dụng
u 49. Cho khối chóp
.S ABC
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông cân cạnh huyền
BC a
SA
vuông góc với mặt phẳng đáy. Biết góc giữa mặt phẳng
SBC
mặt phẳng
ABC
bằng
45
.
Thể tích của hình chóp
.S ABC
là.
A.
3
.
2
8
S ABC
a
V
. B.
3
.
2
24
S ABC
a
V
. C.
3
.
8
S ABC
a
V
. D.
3
.
24
S ABC
a
V
.
Li gii
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u 50. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
SA
vuông góc với mặt phẳng đáy, tam giác
SBC
đều cạnh
a
,
góc giữa mặt phẳng
SBC
và đáy là
30
. Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABC
là.
A.
3
3
32
a
V
. B.
3
3
24
a
V
. C.
3
3
64
a
V
. D.
3
3
16
a
V
.
Li gii
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u 51. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy tam giác vuông cân tại
SA
vuông góc với mặt phẳng
ABC
. Biết
4AB a
góc giữa mặt phẳng
SBC
ABC
bằng
45
. Tính thể tích
V
của
khối chóp
.S ABC
.
A.
3
2
6
Va
. B.
C
3
82
3
Va
. C.
3
32
2
Va
. D.
3
1
6
Va
.
Li gii
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Có Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
73
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 52. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy
ABC
tam giác cân tại
A
,
2BC a
,
120BAC
, biết
SA ABC
và mặt phẳng
SBC
hợp với đáy một góc bằng
45
. Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABC
.
A.
3
3
a
. B.
3
2a
. C.
3
9
a
. D.
3
2
a
.
Li gii
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u 53. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy
ABCD
là hình chữ nhật
2AB a
,
AD a
. Biết
SA
vuông
góc với mặt phẳng đáy và góc giữa
SBC
ABCD
bằng
0
45
.Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
4
3
a
. B.
3
4a
. C.
3
2a
. D.
3
2
3
a
.
Li gii
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
74
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 54. nh chóp
.S ABC
đáy là tam giác
ABC
vuông n tại
,B
2
;
2
a
AC
SA
vuông c với
mặt đáy. Góc gia mặt n
SBC
và mt đáy bằng
45 .
Tính theo
a
th tích khi chóp
..S ABC
.
A.
3
2
48
a
. B.
3
48
a
. C.
3
16
a
. D.
3
3
48
a
.
Li gii
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u 55. Cho hình chóp
SABC
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông cân tại
, B AB a
, góc giữa mặt
phẳng
SBC
và mặt phẳng
ABC
bằng
o
60
,
.SA ABC
Gọi
, MN
lần lượt là trung điểm của
và .SC AC
Tính thể tích khối chóp
MNBC
?
A.
3
4
a
. B.
3
3
24
a
. C.
3
6
18
a
. D.
3
3
12
a
.
Li gii
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u 56. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình thoi cạnh
2a
,
0
60ABC
SA
vuông góc
với mặt phẳng đáy. Khoảng cách
d
từ điểm
A
đến mặt phẳng
SBD
, biết rằng
3SA a
là.
A.
3
4
a
d
. B.
3da
. C.
3
2
a
d
. D.
3
3
a
d
.
Li gii
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Có Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
75
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 57. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy tam giác đều cạnh
2a
,
SA ABC
. Góc giữa hai mặt
phẳng
SBC
ABC
bằng
30
o
. Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABC
là.
A.
3
3
6
a
. B.
3
3
12
a
. C.
3
3
3
a
. D.
3
3
8
a
.
Li gii
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u 58. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy
ABCD
là hình thoi cạnh
a
và góc
60BAD
,
SA ABCD
. Biết rằng khoảng cách từ
A
đến cạnh
SC
bằng
a
. Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
3a
. B.
3
2
12
a
. C.
3
3
6
a
. D.
3
2
4
a
.
Li gii
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u 59. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy
ABCD
là hình chữ nhật tâm
O
,
,AB a
3,AD a
SA ABCD
. Khoảng cách từ
O
đến mặt phẳng
SCD
bằng
3
4
a
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối
chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
15
10
a
V
. B.
3
3Va
. C.
3
3
3
a
V
. D.
3
3
6
a
V
.
Li gii
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
76
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 60. Cho khối chóp
.S ABC
()SA ABC
,
ABC
vuông tại
B
,
2SB a
,
5SC a
.
Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABC
bằng
3
a
. Khoảng cách từ
A
đến
SBC
là:
A.
3a
. B.
6a
. C.
2a
. D.
3a
.
Li gii
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u 61. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
có đáy
ABC
là tam giác vuông tại
,,A AB a AC a
2
,
SA
vuông
góc với mp đáy. Góc tạo bởi
SBC
và mặt đáy bằng
0
30
. Thể tích
.S ABC
bằng.
A.
3
9
a
. B.
3
2
4
a
. C.
3
2
2
a
. D.
3
2
6
a
.
Li gii
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Có Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
77
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 62. Cho khối chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy
ABCD
là hình vuông. Biết
SA ABCD
23

SB SC
a
. Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
3
a
. B.
3
6
a
.
C.
3
2
a
.
D.
3
12
a
.
Li gii
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u 63. Cho khối chóp
.S ABCD
đáy hình vuông cạnh
,a
SA
vuông góc với đáy khoảng
cách từ
A
đến mặt phẳng
SBC
bằng
2
2
a
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp đã cho.
A.
3
3
a
V
. B.
3
2
a
V
. C.
3
3
9
a
V
. D.
3
Va
.
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u 64. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy tam giác
ABC
vuông tại
B
,2AB a BC a
.
SA
đường cao của hình chóp. Tính khoảng cách
h
từ
B
đến mặt phẳng
()ABC
.
A.
2ha
. B.
6
2
a
h
. C.
ha
. D.
6
3
a
h
.
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 65. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy hình vuông cạnh
a
, hình chiếu vuông góc của
S
lên
mặt phẳng
ABCD
trng với trung điểm của cạnh
AD
, cạnh
SB
hợp với đáy một góc
60
. Tính
theo
a
thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
15
2
a
. B.
3
15
6
a
. C.
3
5
4
a
. D.
3
15
63
a
.
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u 66. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
tam giác
ABC
vuông tại
B
,
BC a
,
2AC a
, tam giác
SAB
tam giác đều. Hình chiếu của
S
lên mặt phẳng
ABC
trng với trung điểm
M
của
AC
. Tính
thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABC
.
A.
3
6
a
V
. B.
3
3
a
V
. C.
3
6
a
V
. D.
3
3
6
a
V
.
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u 67. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông cnh
a
. Hình chiếu ca
S
lên mt
phẳng đáy trng với trng tâm ca tam giác
ABD
. Cnh
SD
to với đáy một góc
60
. Tính th
tích ca khi chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
15
3
a
. B.
3
15
27
a
. C.
3
15
9
a
. D.
3
3
a
.
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Có Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
79
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u 68. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy là hình thang vuông tại
A
B
. Hình chiếu vuông góc của
S
trên mặt đáy
ABCD
trng với trung điểm
AB
. Biết
1,AB
2,BC
10.BD
Góc giữa hai
mặt phẳng
SBD
và mặt phẳng đáy là
60
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
..S BCD
A.
30
4
V
. B.
30
12
V
. C.
30
20
V
. D.
3 30
8
V
.
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u 69. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình thang vuông tại
A
D
,
AB AD a
,
3SA CD a
,
SA
vuông góc với mặt phẳng
ABCD
. Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
bằng.
A.
3
6a
. B.
3
1
6
a
. C.
3
1
3
a
. D.
3
2a
.
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
80
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 70. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông cạnh
a
,
3
2
a
SD
, hình chiếu vuông
góc của
S
trên mặt phẳng
ABCD
trung điểm của cạnh
AB
. Tính theo
a
thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
2
a
. B.
3
3
a
. C.
3
4
a
. D.
3
2
3
a
.
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u 71. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông cnh
a
. Hình chiếu ca
S
lên mt
phẳng đáy trng với trng tâm ca tam giác
ABD
. Cnh
SD
to với đáy một góc
60
. Tính th
tích ca khi chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
15
3
a
. B.
3
15
27
a
. C.
3
15
9
a
. D.
3
3
a
.
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u 72. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình thoi cạnh
a
, góc
o
60BAD
, gọi
I
giao
điểm của
AC
BD
. Hình chiếu vuông góc của
S
trên mặt phẳng
ABCD
là trung điểm
H
của
đoạn
BI
. Góc giữa
SC
ABCD
bằng
o
45
. Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
A.
3
39
12
a
. B.
3
39
24
a
. C.
3
39
8
a
. D.
3
39
48
a
.
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Có Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
81
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 73. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy hình vuông cạnh
a
, hình chiếu vuông góc của
S
lên
mặt phẳng
ABCD
trng với trung điểm của cạnh
AD
, cạnh
SB
hợp với đáy một góc
60
. Tính
theo
a
thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
15
2
a
. B.
3
15
6
a
. C.
3
5
4
a
. D.
3
15
63
a
.
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Mức độ 4. Vận dụng cao
u 74. Một hình chóp tam giác có đường cao bằng
100cm
và các cạnh đáy là
18 , 24 , 30 .cm cm cm
Thể tích của khối chóp bằng.
A.
3
43,2dm
. B.
3
7,2dm
. C.
3
14,4dm
. D.
3
21,6dm
.
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
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u 75. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông, cạnh bên
2SA a
SA
vuông
góc với mặt phẳng đáy, tam giác
SBD
là tam giác đều. Thể tích của khối chóp
.S ABCD
bằng.
A.
3
22a
. B.
3
2
3
a
. C.
3
2a
. D.
3
22
3
a
.
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u 76. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy
ABC
tam giác đều cạnh
2a
. Cạnh bên
SA
vuông góc mặt
đáy, thể tích của khối chóp
.S ABC
bằng
3
4
a
. Tính độ dài đoạn
.SA
.
A.
3
4
a
. B.
3
a
. C.
4
a
. D.
4
3
a
.
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u 77. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy tam giác vuông cân tại
B
,
AB a
;
SA
vuông góc mặt
phẳng
ABC
, Góc giữa mặt phẳng
SBC
mặt phẳng
ABC
bằng
30
. Gọi
M
trung điểm
của
SC
, thể tích khối chóp
.S ABM
là.
A.
3
3
36
a
. B.
3
2
18
a
. C.
3
3
18
a
. D.
3
3
6
a
.
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Có Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
83
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 78. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy tam giác đều cạnh
2a
,
SA ABC
. Góc giữa hai mặt
phẳng
SBC
ABC
bằng
30
o
. Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABC
là.
A.
3
3
6
a
. B.
3
3
12
a
. C.
3
3
3
a
. D.
3
3
8
a
.
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u 79. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy
ABC
tam giác đều cạnh
a
, cạnh bên
SA
vuông góc với
đáy. Biết hình chóp
.S ABC
thể tích bằng
3
a
. Tính khoảng cách
d
từ điểm
A
đến mặt phẳng
SBC
.
A.
6a 195
65
d
. B.
4a 195
65
d
. C.
4a 195
195
d
. D.
8a 195
195
d
.
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 80. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông, cạnh bên
2SA a
SA
vuông
góc với mặt phẳng đáy, tam giác
SBD
là tam giác đều. Thể tích của khối chóp
.S ABCD
bằng.
A.
3
22a
. B.
3
2
3
a
. C.
3
2a
. D.
3
22
3
a
.
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u 81. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình chữ nhật,
SA ABCD
,
24AC AB a
.
Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABC
biết rằng góc giữa mặt phẳng
SBD
ABCD
bằng
30
.
A.
3
4
9
a
. B.
3
46
9
a
. C.
3
23
3
a
. D.
3
43
3
a
.
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u 82. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông cạnh
a
cạnh bên
SA
vuông góc
với mặt đáy. Gọi
E
trung điểm của cạnh
CD
. Biết khoảng cách từ
A
đến mặt phẳng
SBE
bằng
2
3
a
, tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
theo
a
.
A.
3
.
S ABCD
Va
. B.
3
.
2
3
S ABCD
a
V
. C.
3
.
14
26
S ABCD
a
V
. D.
3
.
3
S ABCD
a
V
.
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Có Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
85
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 83. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy
ABC
tam giác đều cạnh
a
, cạnh bên
SA
vuông góc với
đáy. Biết hình chóp
.S ABC
có thể tích bằng
3
a
. Tính khoảng cách
d
từ điểm
A
đến
SBC
.
A.
6a 195
65
d
. B.
4a 195
65
d
. C.
4a 195
195
d
. D.
8a 195
195
d
.
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u 84. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông cạnh
,a
SA
vuông góc với mặt
phẳng đáy. Tính khoảng cách từ trọng tâm
G
của tam giác
SAB
đến mặt phẳng
.SAC
A.
3
2
a
.
B.
2
6
a
.
C.
3
6
a
.
D.
2
4
a
.
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 85. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
cạnh
SA SB SC a
,SA
,SB
SC
đôi một vuông góc với
nhau. Tính theo
a
khoảng cách
h
từ điểm
S
đến mặt phẳng
.ABC
A.
3
a
h
. B.
2
a
h
. C.
3
a
h
. D.
2
a
h
.
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u 86. Cho tứ diện
ABCD
có các cạnh
, AB AC AD
đôi một vuông góc với nhau,
6,AB a
7 , 4AC a AD a
. Gọi
, , M N P
tương ứng là trung điểm các cạnh
BC
,
CD
,
DB
. Tính thể tích
V
của tứ diện
AMNP
.
A.
3
7Va
. B.
3
14Va
. C.
3
28
3
Va
. D.
3
7
2
Va
.
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u 87. Cho khối tứ diện
ABCD
ba cạnh
AB
,
AC
,
AD
đôi một vuông góc thể tích bằng
V
. Gọi
1
S
,
2
S
,
3
S
theo thứ tự diện tích các tam giác
ABC
,
ACD
,
ADB
. Khi đó khẳng định nào
dưới đây là khẳng định đúng?
A.
1 2 3
2
6
S S S
V
. B.
1 2 3
3
S S S
V
. C.
1 2 3
2
3
S S S
V
. D.
1 2 3
6
S S S
V
.
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Có Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 88. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông cạnh bằng
a
. Cạnh
SA
vuông góc
với đáy và
SA y
. Trên cạnh
AD
lấy điểm
M
sao cho
AM x
. Biết rằng
2 2 2
x y a
. Tìm giá trị
lớn nhất của thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCM
.
A.
3
3
2
a
. B.
3
3
4
a
. C.
3
8
a
. D.
3
3
8
a
.
Li gii
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u 89. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy
ABC
tam giác đều cạnh
a
. Hình chiếu vuông góc của
S
lên
ABC
trng với trung điểm
H
của cạnh
BC
. Biết tam giác
SBC
tam giác đều. Tính số đo
của góc giữa
SA
ABC
.
A.
30
. B.
75
. C.
60
. D.
45
.
Li gii
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 90. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình thoi cạnh
a
, góc
BAD
bằng
60
, gọi
I
giao điểm của
AC
BD
. Hình chiếu vuông góc của
S
trên mặt phẳng
ABCD
trung điểm
H
của
BI
. Góc giữa
SC
ABCD
bằng
45
. Thể tích của khối chóp
.S ABCD
là:
A.
3
39
24
a
. B.
3
39
12
a
. C.
3
39
8
a
. D.
3
39
48
a
.
Li gii
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u 91. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy là hình thang vuông tại
A
B
. Hình chiếu vuông góc của
S
trên mặt đáy
ABCD
trng với trung điểm
AB
. Biết
AB a
,
2BC a
,
10BD a
. Góc giữa
hai mặt phẳng
SBD
và mặt phẳng đáy là
60
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABCD
theo
a
.
A.
3
3 30
8
a
V
. B.
3
30
4
a
V
. C.
3
30
12
a
V
. D.
3
30
8
a
V
.
Li gii
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Có Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 92. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
tam giác
ABC
vuông cân tại
B
,
AB a
. Gọi
I
trung điểm
của
AC
. Hình chiếu vuông góc của
S
lên mặt phẳng
ABC
điểm
H
thỏa mãn
3BI IH
. Góc
giữa hai mặt phẳng
SAB
SBC
60
. Thể tích của khối chóp
.S ABC
A.
3
9
a
V
. B.
3
6
a
V
. C.
3
18
a
V
. D.
3
3
a
V
.
Li gii
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u 93. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy
ABC
tam giác đều cạnh
a
, khoảng cách từ điểm
A
đến
mặt phẳng
SBC
15
5
a
, khoảng cách giữa
SA
BC
15
5
a
. Biết hình chiếu của
S
lên mặt
phẳng
ABC
nằm trong tam giác
ABC
, tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABC
.
A.
3
4
a
. B.
3
3
8
a
. C.
3
8
a
. D.
3
3
4
a
.
Li gii
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 1. Khối Chóp Cạnh Bên Vuông Góc Với Đáy
90
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 4. Dạng 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp Đều
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
Dạng 2. Khối chóp có c cạnh bên bằng nhau
(hay ch đều một đỉnh)
1. Phương pháp.
Khi chóp
1 2 3
. ...
n
S A A A A
1 2 3
...
n
SA SA SA SA
.
Khi đó
1 2 3
...
n
SH A A A A
vi
H
tâm đường tròn
ngai tiếp đa giác đáy
1 2 3
...
n
A A A A
Suy ra
SH
là chiu cao ca khi chóp.
Thch ca khi chóp
1 2 3 1 2 3
. ... ...
1
.
3
nn
S A A A A A A A A
V SH S
2. Một sốu ý.
Đáy tam giác đu thì
H
giao điểm ba đường
trung tuyến đồng thời đường cao, đường phân giác,
đưng trung trc.
Đáy tứ giác (hình vuông, hình ch nhật…) thì
H
là giao điểm hai đường chéo.
3. dụ minh họa.
Mức độ 1. Nhận biết
u 94. Hình chóp tứ giác đều
.S ABCD
có tất cả các cạnh bằng
a
.
Tính theo
a
thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
2
6
a
. B.
3
2
4
a
. C.
3
2
2
a
. D.
3
2
3
a
.
Li gii
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u 95. Cho
H
là khối chóp tứ giác đều có tất cả các cạnh bằng
a
. Thể tích của
H
bằng ?
A.
3
3
4
a
. B.
3
3
a
. C.
3
2
6
a
. D.
3
3
2
a
.
Li gii
H
A
1
A
n
A
3
A
2
A
...
S
H
E
A
B
C
O
C
B
A
D
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 4. Dạng 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp Đều
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 96. Tính thể tích
V
của hình chóp tứ giác đều có tất cả các cạnh bằng
a
.
A.
3
2
6
a
V
. B.
3
2
3
a
V
. C.
3
3
3
a
V
. D.
3
3
6
a
V
.
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u 97. Kim tự tháp ốp Ai Cập được xây dựng vào khoảng
2500
m trước Công nguyên.
Kim tự tháp này là một khối chóp tứ giác đều có thế tích là
3
2 592 100 m
, cạnh đáy dài
230 m
.
A.
147 m
. B.
145 m
. C.
152 m
. D.
150 m
.
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u 98. Cho khối chóp tam giác đều
.S ABC
có cạnh đáy bằng
a
,
3SA a
.
Tính th tích
V
ca khi chóp
.S ABC
.
A.
3
35
24
a
V
. B.
3
3
6
a
V
. C.
3
2
6
a
V
. D.
3
2
2
a
V
.
Li gii
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 4. Dạng 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp Đều
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 99. Th tích khi t diện đều cnh bng
2
3
cm
là:
A.
22
81
. B.
2
3
. C.
23
81
. D.
3
18
.
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u 100. Thể tích khối tứ diện đều có cạnh bằng
2a
là.
A.
3
2
12
a
. B.
3
22a
. C.
3
22
3
a
. D.
3
3
6
a
.
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
u 101. Hình chóp tứ giác đều có tất cả các cạnh bằng
a
. Thể tích khối chóp đó bằng:
A.
3
3
3
a
. B.
3
2
3
a
. C.
3
2
2
a
. D.
3
2
6
a
.
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u 102.
Cho hình chóp tam giác đều cạnh đáy bằng
a
cạnh bên bằng
b
. Thể tích của khối
chóp
A.
2 2 2
3 a b a
. B.
2
22
3
4
a
ba
. C.
2
22
3
12
a
ba
. D.
2
22
3
6
a
ba
.
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u 103. Cho khối chóp đều
.S ABCD
có cạnh đáy bằng
a
3
.
2
6
S ABCD
a
V
.
Khi đó độ dài của cạnh
SA
bằng?
A.
a
. B.
2a
. C.
3a
. D.
2a
.
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u 104. Cho hình chóp tam giác đều
.S ABC
có cạnh đáy bằng
a
và cạnh bên bằng
21
6
a
.
Tính theo
a
thể tích khối chóp
.S ABC
.
A.
3
3
24
a
V
. B.
3
3
6
a
V
. C.
3
3
12
a
V
. D.
3
3
8
a
V
.
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Mức độ 2. Thông Hiểu
u 105. Cho tứ diện đều
ABCD
cạnh bằng
2a
. Tính thể tích của khối tứ diện đó.
A.
3
2
12
a
V
. B.
3
3
6
a
V
. C.
3
3
a
V
.
D.
3
2
6
a
V
.
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u 106. Tính thể tích
V
của hình tứ diện đều có đường cao
ha
.
A.
3
3
4
a
V
. B.
3
3
12
a
V
. C.
3
3
6
a
V
. D.
3
3
8
a
V
.
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u 107. Cho hình chóp tứ giác đều tất cả các cạnh bằng nhau, đường cao của một mặt bên
3a
. Tính thể tích
V
khối chóp đó.
A.
3
2
3
a
V
.
B.
3
2Va
. C.
3
2
6
a
V
. D.
3
2
9
a
V
.
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u 108. Cho hình chóp đều
.S ABC
cạnh đáy bằng
a
, cạnh bên tạo với đáy góc
0
45
.
Thể tích của khối chóp
.S ABC
:
A.
3
12
a
. B.
3
6
a
. C.
3
24
a
. D.
3
3
12
a
.
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u 109. Cho khối chóp tam giác đều
.S ABC
AB a
, góc giữa
SA
và đáy bằng
0
60
.
Thể tích của khối chóp là.
A.
3
3
4
a
. B.
3
3
36
a
. C.
3
3
12
a
. D.
3
3
6
a
.
Li gii
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u 110. Cho khối chóp
.S ABCD
với
ABCD
là hình chữ nhật và các cạnh bên bằng nhau.
Góc giữa các mặt phẳng
SAB
,
SAD
mặt phẳng đáy lần lượt
45
60
, biết chiều cao
hình chóp là
3a
. Tính thể tích khối chóp
A.
3
4a
. B.
3
3a
. C.
3
23a
. D.
3
33a
Li gii
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u 111. Cho hình chóp tứ giác
.S ABCD
có đáy là hình chữ nhật với
AB a
,
3AD a
.
Biết định
S
cách đều các đỉnh
,,A B C
góc giữa
SD
mặt đáy bằng
60
. Tính thể tích khối
chóp
.S ABCD
theo
a
A.
3
3Va
. B.
3
3
3
a
V
. C.
3
3
a
V
. D.
3
Va
.
Li gii
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
u 112. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
có đáy là tam giác vuông cận tại
B
,
2AC a
.
Biết
SA SB SC a
.Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABC
A.
3
2
6
a
. B.
3
2
12
a
. C.
3
3
6
a
. D.
3
3
12
a
Li gii
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u 113. Cho hình chóp tứ giác đều
.S ABCD
diện ch đáy
2
16 cm
, diện tích một mặt bên
2
83 cm
. Tính thể tích tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABCD
A.
3
32 2
3
cmV
. B.
3
32 13
3
cmV
. C.
2
32 11
3
cmV
. D.
3
32 15
3
cmV
.
Li gii
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u 114. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
3SA SB SC
,
2AC
,
ABC
tam giác vuông cân tại
B
.
TÍnh thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABC
A.
22V
. B.
27V
. C.
22
3
V
. D.
27
3
V
.
Li gii
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 4. Dạng 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp Đều
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 115. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
3AB a
,
4AC a
,
5BC a
,
6SA SB SC a
.
Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABC
A.
3
119a
. B.
3
119
3
a
. C.
3
4 119
3
a
. D.
3
4 119a
.
Li gii
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Mức độ 3. Vận dụng
u 116. Cho hình chóp tam giác đều có cạnh đáy bằng
a
, góc tạo bởi mặt bên mặt đáy là
60
.
Thể tích khối chóp là:
A.
3
6
24
a
. B.
3
3
24
a
. C.
3
3
8
a
. D.
3
8
a
.
Li gii
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 117. Cho hình chóp đều
.S ABCD
, đáy
ABCD
là hình vuông cnh
a
, các cnh bên to với đáy
góc
45
. Din tích toàn phn ca hình chóp tn theo
a
là.
A.
2
4a
. B.
2
23a
. C.
2
31 a
. D.
2
31 a
.
Li gii
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u 118. Cho
H
là khối chóp tứ giác đều có đáy là hình vuông cạnh bằng
,a
mặt bên tạo với đáy
một góc
0
60
. Thể tích của (H) bằng:
A.
3
1
6
a
. B.
3
6
6
a
. C.
3
3
6
a
. D.
3
2
6
a
.
Li gii
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
u 119. Một hình chóp tứ giác đều có góc tạo bởi mặt bên và mặt đáy bằng
60
và diện tích xung
quanh bằng
2
8a
. Tính diện tích
S
của mặt đáy hình chóp.
A.
2
4Sa
. B.
2
43Sa
. C.
2
2Sa
. D.
2
23Sa
.
Li gii
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u 120. Cho hình chóp tứ giác đều
.S ABCD
, cạnh đáy
2 3,AB a
mặt bên tạo với đáy góc
o
60
.
Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
9Va
. B.
3
12Va
. C.
3
8Va
. D.
3
12 3Va
.
Li gii
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u 121. Cho hình chóp tam giác đều
.S ABC
, cạnh đáy bằng
a
. Mặt bên tạo với mặt đáy một góc
o
60
. Tính thể tích
V
của hình chóp
.S ABC
.
A.
3
3
24
a
V
. B.
3
3
6
a
V
. C.
3
3
2
a
V
. D.
3
3
12
a
V
.
Li gii
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 122. Một hình chóp tứ giác đều có đáy là hình vuông cạnh
a
, các mặt bên tạo với đáy một góc
. Thể tích khối chóp đó là.
A.
3
tan
6
a
. B.
3
sin
2
a
. C.
3
cot
6
a
. D.
3
tan
2
a
.
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u 123. Một khối chóp tam giác đều cạnh đáy bằng
a
các mặt bên đều tạo với mặt phẳng
đáy một góc
60 .
Tính thể tích của khối chóp đó.
A.
3
3
8
a
. B.
3
2
6
a
. C.
3
3
24
a
. D.
3
3
4
a
.
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u 124. Cho hình chóp đều
.S ABCD
2,AC a
mặt bên
SBC
tạo với đáy
ABC D
một góc
0
45 .
Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
..S ABCD
.
A.
3
2Va
. B.
3
2
a
V
. C.
3
23
3
a
V
. D.
3
2
3
a
V
.
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 125. Cho hình chóp tam giác đều có đường cao
h
và mặt bên có góc ở đỉnh bằng
60
o
.
Tính thể tích hình chóp.
A.
3
3
8
h
. B.
3
2
6
h
. C.
3
4
h
. D.
3
3
6
h
.
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u 126. Cho hình chóp tam giác đều
.S ABC
cạnh đáy
a
mặt bên hợp với đáy một góc
60
o
.
Thể tích hình chóp
.S ABC
là:
A.
3
2
12
a
. B.
3
3
8
a
. C.
3
3
12
a
. D.
3
3
24
a
.
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u 127. Cho hình chóp tứ giác đều cạnh đáy bằng
x
. Diện tích xung quanh gấp đôi diện tích
đáy. Khi đó thể tích của khối chóp bằng:
A.
3
.3
3
x
. B.
3
.3
2
x
. C.
3
.3
.
12
x
D.
3
.3
.
6
x
Li gii
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 4. Dạng 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp Đều
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 128. Cho khối chóp tam giác đều
.S ABC
cạnh đáy bằng
a
. Các cạnh bên tạo với đáy một
góc
60 .
Tính thể tích khối chóp đó.
A.
3
.
3
4
S ABC
a
V
. B.
3
.
3
2
S ABC
a
V
. C.
3
.
3
6
S ABC
a
V
. D.
3
.
3
12
S ABC
a
V
.
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u 129. Cho hình chóp tứ giác đều
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông cạnh bằng
3a
2SA SB SC SD a
. Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
?
A.
3
2
6
a
. B.
3
2
2
a
. C.
3
3
3
a
. D.
3
6
6
a
.
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 130. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy tam giác vuông tại
A
;
AB a
;
2AC a
. Đỉnh
S
cách
đều
A
,
B
,
C
; mặt bên
SAB
hợp với mặt đáy một góc
60
. Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABC
.
A.
3
1
3
Va
. B.
3
3Va
. C.
3
3
3
Va
. D.
3
Va
.
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u 131. Cho hình nón đỉnh
S
, đáy là đường tròn nội tiếp tam giác
ABC
.
Biết rằng
10AB BC a
,
12AC a
, góc tạo bởi hai mặt phẳng
SAB
ABC
bằng
45
. Tính
thể tích
V
của khối nón đã cho.
A.
3
3Va
. B.
3
9Va
. C.
3
27Va
. D.
3
12Va
.
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
Mức độ 4. Vận dụng cao
u 132. Cho hình chóp tứ giác đều
.S ABCD
cạnh đáy bằng
a
, cạnh bên hợp với đáy một góc
60
. Tính khoảng cách giữa hai đường thẳng
AD
SB
.
A.
42
6
a
. B.
42
7
a
. C.
42
14
a
. D.
2 42
3
a
.
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u 133. Cho tứ diện đều
ABCD
. Biết khoảng cách từ
A
đến mặt phẳng
BCD
bằng
6
.
Tính thể tích
V
của tứ diện
ABCD
.
A.
27 3V
. B.
27 3
2
V
. C.
93
2
V
. D.
53V
.
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u 134. Cho hình chóp tứ giác đều độ dài cạnh bên cạnh đáy cùng bằng
a
. Khi đó, khoảng
cách
h
giữa đường thẳng
AD
và mặt phẳng
SBC
là:
A.
6
3
a
h
. B.
2
a
h
. C.
2
2
a
h
. D.
2a 5
5
h
.
Li gii
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 4. Dạng 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp Đều
107
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 135. Cho hình chóp tứ giác đều
.S ABCD
cạnh đáy bằng
a
. Gọi
SH
chiều cao của hình
chóp, khoảng cách từ trung điểm
I
của
SH
đến mặt bên
SBC
bằng
b
. Tính thể tích
V
của
khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
22
3 16
ab
V
ab
. B.
3
22
2
3 16
ab
V
ab
.
C.
22
16
ab
V
ab
. D.
22
2
16
ab
V
ab
.
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u 136. Cho hình chóp tứ giác đều
.S ABCD
có cạnh đáy bằng
a
. Gọi
G
là trọng tâm của tam
giác
SAC
khoảng cách từ
G
đến mặt bên
SCD
bằng
3
6
a
. Tính khoảng cách từ tâm
O
của
đáy đến mặt bên
SCD
và thể tích của khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
,
3
2
O SCD
a
d
3
.
3
2
S ABCD
a
V
. B.
,
3
2
O SCD
a
d
3
.
3
6
S ABCD
a
V
.
C.
,
3
4
O SCD
a
d
3
.
3
6
S ABCD
a
V
. D.
,
3
4
O SCD
a
d
3
.
3
2
S ABCD
a
V
.
Li gii
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 4. Dạng 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp Đều
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 137. Cho hình chóp tứ giác đều
.S ABCD
có tất cả các cạnh đều bằng
0.xx
Khoảng cách giữa hai đường thẳng
SC
AD
bằng
6
0
2
a
a
khi
x
bằng.
A.
a
. B.
2
a
. C.
3a
. D.
2a
.
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u 138. Cho tứ diện đều
.S ABC
.
Gọi
1
G
,
2
G
,
3
G
lần lượt trọng tâm của các tam giác
,SAB
SBC
,
SCA
. Tính
1 2 3
.
.
S G G G
S ABC
V
V
.
A.
1
48
. B.
2
27
. C.
1
36
. D.
2
81
.
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 4. Dạng 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp Đều
109
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 139. Cho hình chóp đều
.S ABCD
đáy bằng
2a
, khoảng cách giữa hai đường thẳng
SA
CD
bằng
3a
. Thể tích khối chóp đều
.S ABCD
bằng.
A.
3
43a
. B.
3
3
3
a
. C.
3
43
3
a
. D.
3
3a
.
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u 140. Cho hình chóp tam giác đu
.S ABC
cạnh đáy bằng
a
cnh bên
2a
.
M
thuc
cnh
SA
sao cho
2MS MA
. Tính th tích
V
ca t din
.MABC
A.
3
11
.
12
Va
B.
3
11
.
14
Va
C.
3
11
.
16
Va
D.
3
11
.
18
Va
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Chương I-Bài 4. Dạng 2. Thể Tích Khối Chóp Đều
110
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 141. Xét khối tứ diện
ABCD
có cạnh
23AB
và các cạnh còn lại đều bằng
x
. Tìm
x
để thể
tích khối tứ diện
ABCD
bằng
22
.
A.
6x
. B.
22x
. C.
32x
. D.
23x
.
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u 142. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy hình vuông cạnh
2a
. Biết các mặt bên của hình chóp
cùng tạo với đáy các góc bằng nhau và thể tích của khối chóp bằng
3
43
3
a
.
Tính
khoảng cách giữa
SA
CD
.
A.
5a
. B.
2a
. C.
3a
. D.
32a
.
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 143. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
ABCD
là hình thoi cạnh
a
60ABC
. Biết rằng
SA SC
,
SB SD
SAB SBC
.
G
là trọng tâm tam giác
SAD
. Tính thể tích
V
của tứ diện
GSAC
.
A.
3
2
48
a
V
. B.
3
2
24
a
V
. C.
3
2
12
a
V
. D.
3
2
96
a
V
.
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u 144. Cho tứ diện
ABCD
ABC
,
BCD
là các tam giác đều cạnh
a
.
Góc giữa
ABC
BCD
60
. Tính
ABCD
V
.
A.
3
2
8
a
V
. B.
3
2
12
a
V
. C.
3
3
16
a
V
. D.
3
8
a
V
.
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 145. Cho hình chóp đều
.S ABCD
độ dài cạnh đáy bằng
a
. Gọi
G
trọng tâm tam giác
SAC
. Mặt phẳng chứa
AB
đi qua
G
cắt các cạnh
SC
,
SD
lần lượt tại
M
N
. Biết mặt n
của hình chóp tạo với đáy một góc bằng
60
. Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABMN
bằng:
A.
3
3
4
a
. B.
3
3
8
a
. C.
3
3
16
a
. D.
3
3
3
16
a
.
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u 146. Cho t diện đều
ABCD
cnh bng
a
. Gi
M
,
N
lần lượt trng m ca các tam
giác
ABD
,
ABC
E
điểm đối xng vi
B
qua
D
. Mt phng
MNE
chia khi t din
ABCD
thành hai khối đa diện, trong đó khối đa diện chứa đỉnh
A
có th tích
V
. Tính
V
.
A.
3
92
320
a
V
. B.
3
32
320
a
V
. C.
3
2
96
a
V
. D.
3
32
80
a
V
.
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u 147. Khối chóp
.S ABCD
đáy hình thoi cạnh a,
SA SB SC a
. Tính thể tích lớn nhất
của khối chóp
.S ABCD
A.
3
3
8
a
. B.
3
2
a
. C.
3
8
a
. D.
3
4
a
.
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
u 148. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình chữ nhật,
1AB
,
10AD
,
SA SB
,
SC SD
. Biết mặt phẳng
SAB
SCD
vuông góc nhau đồng thời tổng diện tích của hai tam
giác
SAB
SCD
bằng
2
. Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
bằng
A.
2
. B.
1
. C.
3
2
. D.
1
2
.
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
Dạng 3. Khối chóp mặt bên vuông c với đáy.
1. Phương pháp.
Khi chóp
1 2 3
. ...
n
S A A A A
12
SA A
vuông góc vi
mặt đáy
1 2 3
... .
n
A A A A
Để xác định chiu cao của hình chóp ta làm như sau.
Trong tam giác
12
,SA A
dng
12
SH A A
.
Khi đó
1 2 1 2 3
1 2 1 2 3 1 2
12
...
...
n
n
SA A A A A A
SA A A A A A A A
SH A A

1 2 3
...
n
SH A A A A
Suy ra
SH
là chiu cao ca khi chóp.
Thch ca khi chóp
1 2 3 1 2 3
. ... ...
1
.
3
nn
S A A A A A A A A
V SH S
2. Một sốu ý.
Mt bên
12
SA A
tam giác đều, hoc cân, hoc
vuông cân thì
H
là trung điểm ca cạnh đáy.
Đưng cao của tam giác đều cnh
a
3
.
2
a
Đưng cao ca tam giác vuông cân có cnh góc
vuông
a
2
.
2
a
3. u hỏi trắc nghiệm.
Mức độ 1. Nhận biết
u 149. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy hình vuông cạnh
a
, mặt bên
SAB
tam giác đều
nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với mp đáy. Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
là:
A.
3
.
3
6
S ABCD
a
V
. B.
3
.
3
S ABCD
a
V
. C.
3
.
3
2
S ABCD
a
V
. D.
3
.
3
S ABCD
Va
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A
1
A
2
A
...
A
n
A
3
S
H
H
A
1
A
2
S
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u 150. Hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy hình chữ nhật
2 3; 2AB a AD a
. Mặt bên
SAB
tam giác đều và nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với đáy. Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABD
là.
A.
3
23a
. B.
3
43a
. C.
3
4a
. D.
3
23
3
a
.
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u 151. Cho khối chóp
.S ABC
SAB
là tam giác vuông cân tại
S
và nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông
góc vi
,ABC
2AB a
và tam gc
ABC
có din tích bằng
2
3a
. Thtích khi chóp
.S ABC
bng.
A.
3
6a
. B.
3
a
. C.
3
23a
. D.
3
3a
.
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u 152. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy
ABCD
là hình vuông cạnh bằng
a
,
SAD ABCD
,
SA SD
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABCD
biết
21
2
a
SC
.
A.
3
2
3
a
V
. B.
3
2Va
. C.
3
7
6
a
V
. D.
3
7
2
a
V
.
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u 153. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
ABCD
hình vuông cạnh
a
. Tam giác
SAB
đều nằm
trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với mặt phẳng
ABCD
. Thể tích của khối chóp
.S ABCD
A.
3
3
6
a
. B.
3
2
a
. C.
3
6
a
. D.
3
3
2
a
.
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u 154. Cho tứ diện
ABCD
ABC
là tam giác vuông cân tại
C
và nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông
góc với mặt phẳng
ABD
, tam giác
ABD
tam giác đều cạnh bằng
2a
. Tính thể tích của
khối tứ diện
ABCD
.
A.
3
3
9
a
. B.
3
2a
. C.
3
3
3
a
. D.
3
3a
.
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u 155. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
có đáy là tam giác vuông tại
A
,
3AB a
,
AC a
.
Mặt bên
SBC
là tam giác đều và vuông góc với mặt đáy. Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABC
.
A.
3
2
3
a
. B.
3
3
a
. C.
3
a
. D.
3
2
a
.
Li gii
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u 156. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy tam giác đều cạnh
a
, mặt phẳng
SAB
vuông góc với
mặt phẳng
ABC
và tam giác
SAB
vuông cân tại
S
. Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABC
theo
a
.
A.
3
3
12
a
. B.
3
3
24
a
. C.
3
3
3
a
. D.
3
3
4
a
.
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u 157. Cho khối chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông cạnh bằng
3a
. Tam giác
SAB
cân
tại
S
nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với đáy. Tính thể tích hình chóp
.S ABCD
biết tam giác
SAB
vuông.
A.
3
93a
. B.
3
93
2
a
. C.
3
9a
. D.
3
9
2
a
.
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u 158. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông cạnh
a
. Mặt bên
SAB
tam giác
đều nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với đáy
ABCD
. Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
là:
A.
3
3
6
a
. B.
3
3
4
a
. C.
3
3
2
a
. D.
3
3a
.
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u 159. Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông cạnh bằng
a
, mặt bên
SAB
là tam giác đều nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với đáy ?
A.
3
3
2
a
. B.
3
3a
. C.
3
3
3
a
. D.
3
3
6
a
.
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u 160. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
có đáy là tam giác cân ti
A
,
AB AC a
,
120BAC 
. Mt bên
SAB
là tam giác đều và nm trong mt phng vuông góc vi mặt đáy. Th tích
V
ca khi chóp
.S ABC
là
A.
3
8
a
V
. B.
3
Va
. C.
3
2
a
V
. D.
3
2Va
.
Li gii
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 161. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy hình vuông,
2BD a
. Tam giác
SAC
vuông cân tại
S
và nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với đáy. Thể tích của khối cầu ngoại tiếp hình chóp đó là
A.
3
4
3
a
. B.
3
43a
. C.
3
a
. D.
3
4 a
.
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u 162. Cho khối chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy hình vuông cạnh
a
. Mặt bên
SAB
tam giác đều, mặt
phẳng
()SAB
vuông góc với mặt phẳng
()ABCD
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
3
12
a
V
. B.
3
3
6
a
V
. C.
3
3
4
a
V
. D.
3
3
9
a
V
.
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u 163. Cho khối chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy
ABCD
là hình vuông cạnh
a
, tam giác
SAB
cân tại
S
nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với mặt đáy,
2SA a
. Tính theo
a
thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
15
6
a
V
. B.
3
15
12
a
V
. C.
3
2
3
a
V
. D.
3
2Va
.
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u 164. Cho khối chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy
ABCD
là hình vuông cạnh
a
, tam giác
SAB
cân tại
S
nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với mặt đáy,
2SA a
. Tính theo
a
thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
15
6
a
V
. B.
3
15
12
a
V
. C.
3
2
3
a
V
. D.
3
2Va
.
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Mức độ 2. Thông Hiểu
u 165. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy
ABCD
là hình chữ nhật với
2 , 2.AB a AD a
Tam giác
SAB
đều và nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với đáy.
Thể tích
V
của hình chóp
.S ABCD
là:
A.
3
32
.
4
a
V
B.
3
23
.
3
a
V
C.
3
6
.
3
a
V
D.
3
26
.
3
a
V
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u 166. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình chữ nhật,
AB a
,
2AD a
. Tam giác
SAB
cân tại
S
và nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với đáy. Đường thẳng
SC
tạo với đáy một góc
60
. Khi đó thể tích của khối chóp
.S ABCD
bằng
A.
3
17
3
a
. B.
3
17
3
a
. C.
3
17
9
a
. D.
3
17
6
a
.
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u 167. Vậy Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
mặt phẳng
SAC
vuông góc với mặt phẳng
ABC
,
SAB
tam giác đều cạnh
3a
,
3BC a
đường thẳng
SC
tạo với mặt phẳng
ABC
góc
60
. Thể
tích của khối chóp
.S ABC
bằng
A.
3
3
3
a
. B.
3
6
2
a
. C.
3
6
6
a
. D.
3
26a
.
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 168. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
SA a
, tam giác
ABC
đều, tam giác
SAB
vuông cân tại
S
nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với mặt phẳng đáy. Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABC
bằng?
A.
3
6
12
a
. B.
3
6
4
a
. C.
3
6
8
a
. D.
3
6
24
a
.
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u 169. Cho khối chóp
.S ABC
có đáy
ABC
là tam giác đều cạnh
a
, mặt bên
SAB
là tam giác cân
tại
S
nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với đáy. Biết rằng góc giữa
SBC
ABC
bằng
60
.
Tính theo
a
thể tích của khối chóp
.S ABC
.
A.
3
3
8
a
. B.
3
33
16
a
. C.
3
3
4
a
. D.
3
3
16
a
.
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u 170. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy tam giác vuông tại
A
,
30
o
ABC
;
SBC
tam giác đều
và nằm trên mặt phẳng vuông góc với đáy. Biết thể tích của khối chóp
.S ABC
3
16
a
. Khoảng cách
từ
C
đến mặt phẳng
SAB
là.
A.
39
16
a
. B.
39
39
a
. C.
39
29
a
. D.
39
13
a
.
Li gii
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u 171. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông cân tại
B
,
BC a
. Mặt phẳng
SAC
vuông góc với mặt đáy, các mặt bên còn lại đều tạo với mặt đáy một góc
45
. Tính thể
tích khối chóp
.S ABC
.
A.
3
3
4
a
. B.
3
12
a
.
C.
3
4
a
. D.
3
3
6
a
.
Li gii
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 172. Cho hình chóp tứ giác
.S ABCD
đáy hình vuông cạnh
2a
. Tam giác
SAD
cân tại
S
mặt bên
SAD
vuông góc với mặt phẳng đáy. Biết thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
bằng
3
4
3
a
.
Tính khoảng cách
h
từ
B
đến mặt phẳng
SCD
.
A.
8
3
ha
. B.
4
3
ha
. C.
2
3
ha
. D.
3
4
ha
.
Li gii
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u 173. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình chữ nhật,
SAB
đều cạnh
a
nằm trong
mặt phẳng vuông góc với mặt phẳng
ABCD
. Biết mặt phẳng
SCD
tạo với mặt phẳng
ABCD
một góc bằng
30
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
3
8
a
V
. B.
3
3
4
a
V
. C.
3
3
2
a
V
. D.
3
3
3
a
V
.
Li gii
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 174. Cho khối chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy
ABCD
là hình vuông cạnh
a
, tam giác
SAB
cân tại
S
nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với đáy. Biết thể tích của hình chóp
.S ABCD
3
15
6
a
. Góc giữa
đường thẳng
SC
và mặt phẳng đáy
ABCD
là:
A.
30
. B.
120
. C.
45
. D.
60
.
Li gii
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u 175. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông cạnh
a
. Mặt phẳng
SAB
vuông
góc với đáy
ABCD
. Gọi
H
trung điểm của
AB
,
,SH HC SA AB
. Gọi
là góc giữa đường
thẳng
SC
và mặt phẳng
ABCD
. Giá trị của
tan
là:
A.
1
3
. B.
2
. C.
2
3
. D.
1
2
.
Li gii
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u 176. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
có tam giác
ABC
vuông cân tại
B
,
2, AC a
mặt phẳng
SAC
vuông góc với mặt đáy
ABC
. Các mặt bên
SAB
,
SBC
tạo với mặt đáy các góc bằng nhau
bằng
60
. Tính theo
a
thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABC
.
A.
3
3
2
a
V
. B.
3
3
4
a
V
. C.
3
3
6
a
V
. D.
3
3
12
a
V
.
Li gii
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u 177. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình chữ nhật, mặt bên
SAD
tam giác đều
cạnh
2a
và nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với mặt phẳng đáy. Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
biết rằng mặt phẳng
SBC
tạo với mặt phẳng đáy một góc
30 .
A.
3
3
2
a
. B.
3
23a
. C.
3
23
3
a
. D.
3
43
3
a
.
Li gii
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u 178. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy
ABCD
là hình thang vuông tại
A
B
,
1
2
AB BC AD a
. Tam giác
SAB
đều nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với đáy. Tính thể
tích khối chóp
.S ACD
.
A.
3
.
2
S ACD
a
V
. B.
3
.
3
S ACD
a
V
. C.
3
.
2
6
S ACD
a
V
. D.
3
.
3
6
S ACD
a
V
.
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u 179. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông cạnh
a
, tam giác
SAB
tam giác
đều nằm trong mặt phẳng tạo với đáy một góc
60
. Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
3
4
a
. B.
3
3
4
a
. C.
3
3
6
a
. D.
3
4
a
.
Li gii
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Mức độ 3. Vận dụng thấp
u 180. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình chữ nhật
2AB a
. Mặt bên
SAB
tam
giác đều nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với đáy. Biết
AC
vuông góc với
SD
. TÍnh thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABC
.
A.
3
46
3
a
V
. B.
3
6
6
a
V
. C.
3
26
3
a
V
. D.
3
6
3
a
V
.
Li gii
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u 181. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông tại
A
,
1,AB
3AC
. Tam giác
SBC
đều và nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông với đáy. Tính khoảng cách từ
B
đến mặt phẳng
SAC
.
A.
1
. B.
2 39
13
. C.
3
2
. D.
39
13
.
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u 182. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông, tam giác
SAD
tam giác đều
nằm trong mặp phẳng vuông góc với mặt phẳng
.ABCD
Biết khoảng cách từ
A
đến mặt phẳng
SBC
3a
. Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
tính theo
a
là.
A.
3
7 21
12
a
. B.
3
3
2
a
. C.
3
32a
. D.
3
7 21
6
a
.
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u 183. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy hình vuông cạnh
a
. Tam giác
SAB
đều nằm trong
mặt phẳng vuông góc với mặt phẳng đáy. Tính chiều cao của tứ diện
SACD
xuất phát từ đỉnh
C
.
A.
3
2
a
. B.
3
4
a
. C.
3
3
a
. D.
3
6
a
.
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u 184. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy
ABCD
là hình vuông tâm
O
, mặt bên
SAB
là tam giác
vuông cân tại
S
nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với đáy. Biết thể tích của khối chóp
.S OCD
bằng
3
3
a
. Tính khoảng cách
h
từ
A
đến mặt phẳng
SBD
?
A.
26
3
a
h
. B.
3
3
a
h
. C.
23
3
a
h
. D.
23ha
.
Li gii
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u 185. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông
2,BD a SAC
vuông tại
S
nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với đáy,
3SC a
. Khoảng cách từ điểm
B
đến mặt phẳng
SAD
là:
A.
2 21
7
a
.
B.
30
5
a
. C.
3a
. D.
2a
.
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u 186. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy hình vuông cạnh
a
, mặt bên
SAB
tam giác đều,
3SC SD a
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABCD
theo
a
.
A.
3
2
6
a
V
. B.
3
6
a
V
. C.
3
2Va
. D.
3
3
3
a
V
.
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u 187. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình chữ nhật với
6AB
,
3AD
, tam
giác
SAC
nhọn nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với đáy. Biết hai mặt phẳng
SAB
,
SAC
tạo với nhau góc
thỏa mãn
3
tan
4
và cạnh
3SC
. Thể tích khối
.S ABCD
bằng:
A.
4
3
. B.
8
3
. C.
33
. D.
53
3
.
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u 188. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy tam giác
ABC
vuông tại
B
,
AB a
,
2BC a
. Tam giác
SAB
cân tại
S
nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với đáy. Gọi
G
trọng m tam giác
ABC
,
mặt phẳng
SAG
tạo với đáy một góc
60
. Thể tích khối tứ diện
ACGS
bằng
A.
3
6
36
a
V
. B.
3
6
18
a
V
. C.
3
3
27
a
V
. D.
3
6
12
a
V
.
Li gii
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u 189. Hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông cạnh
,a
SAB
tam giác cân tại
S
nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với đáy
ABCD
. Biết côsin của góc tạo bởi mặt phẳng
SCD
ABCD
bằng
2 17
17
. Thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABCD
A.
3
13
6
a
V
. B.
3
17
6
a
V
. C.
3
17
2
a
V
. D.
3
13
2
a
V
.
Li gii
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u 190. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình chữ nhật, tam giác
SAD
vuông tại
S
nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với đáy. Cho biết
AB a
,
2SA SD
. Mặt phẳng
SBC
tạo với
đáy một góc
o
60
. Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
A.
3
3
2
a
. B.
3
5
2
a
. C.
3
5a
. D.
3
15
2
a
.
Li gii
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u 191. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình bình hành thoả mãn
AB a
,
3AC a
,
2BC a
. Biết tam giác
SBC
cân tại
S
, tam giác
SCD
vuông tại
C
khoảng cách từ
D
đến mặt
phẳng
SBC
bằng
3
3
a
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp đã cho.
A.
3
2
35
a
V
. B.
3
35
a
V
. C.
3
33
a
V
. D.
3
5
a
V
.
Li gii
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u 192. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
ABCD
là hình thoi cạnh
a
60ABC
. Biết rằng
SA SC
,
SB SD
SAB SBC
.
G
là trọng tâm tam giác
SAD
. Tính thể tích
V
của tứ diện
GSAC
A.
3
2
48
a
V
. B.
3
2
24
a
V
. C.
3
2
12
a
V
. D.
3
2
96
a
V
.
Li gii
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u 193. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy tam giác
ABC
đều cnh
a
, tam giác
SBA
vuông ti
B
,
tam giác
SAC
vuông ti
C
. Biết góc gia hai mt phng
SAB
và
ABC
bng
60
. Tính th tích
khi chóp
.S ABC
theo
a
.
A.
3
3
8
a
. B.
3
3
12
a
. C.
3
3
6
a
. D.
3
3
4
a
.
Li gii.
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u 194. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy là hình thang vuông tại
A
B
với
BC
đáy nhỏ. Biết
rằng tam giác
SAB
đều cạnh
2a
nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với đáy,
5SC a
khoảng cách từ
D
tới mặt phẳng
SHC
bằng
22a
( với
H
trung điểm của
AB
). Thể tích
khối chóp
.S ABCD
A.
3
3
.
3
a
B.
3
.
3
a
C.
3
4
.
3
a
D.
3
43
.
3
a
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Mức độ 4. Vận dụng cao
u 195. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
có tam giác
SAB
nhn và nm trong mt phng vuông góc vi
mặt đáy
ABC
, tam giác
ABC
vuông ti
C
có
, 30 AC a ABC
. Mt bên
SAC
và
SBC
cng to vi đáy góc bng nhau và bng
60
. Th tích ca khi chóp
.S ABC
theo
a
là:
A.
3
2(1 5)
a
V
. B.
3
3
2(1 3)
a
V
. C.
3
2
13
a
V
. D.
3
2
2(1 2)
a
V
.
Li gii
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u 196. Hình chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy
ABCD
là hình chữ nhật với
3, 4AB BC
;
5SC
.
Tam giác
SAC
nhọn nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với
.ABCD
Các mặt
SAB
SAC
tạo với nhau một góc
3
cos
29
. Tính thể tích khối chóp
..S ABCD
.
A.
18 5
. B.
16
. C.
15 29
. D.
20
.
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u 197. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình chữ nhật,
AB a
,
3AD a
, tam giác
SAB
cân tại
S
nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với đáy, khoảng cách giữa
AB
SC
bằng
3
2
a
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
23
3
a
V
. B.
3
23Va
. C.
3
3Va
. D.
3
33Va
.
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u 198. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông cạnh
a
.Hai mặt phẳng
SAB
SAD
cng vuông góc với đáy, biết
3SC a
. Gọi
M
,
N
,
P
,
Q
lần lượt là trung điểm các cạnh
SB
,
SD
,
CD
,
BC
. Tính thể tích khối chóp
AMNPQ
A.
3
3
a
. B.
3
4
a
. C.
3
8
a
. D.
3
12
a
.
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Dạng 4. Khối chóp hai mt bên cắt nhau cùng vuông góc với đáy.
1. Phương pháp.
Khi chóp
1 2 3
. ...
n
S A A A A
hai mt bên
12
SA A
1
...
n
SA A
cùng vuông góc vi mặt đáy
1 2 3
... .
n
A A A A
Để xác định chiu cao của hình chóp ta làm như sau.
Ta có
1 2 1 1
1 2 1 2 3 1 1 2 3
1 1 2 3
...
... ... .
... ...
n
nn
nn
SA A SA A SA
SA A A A A A SA A A A A
SA A A A A A

Khi đó
SH
là chiu cao ca khi chóp.
Thch ca khi chóp
1 2 3 1 2 3
. ... ...
1
.
3
nn
S A A A A A A A A
V SH S
2. u hỏi trắc nghiệm.
Mức độ 1. Nhận biết
u 199. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
SAB
SAD
cùng vuông góc
ABCD
, đường cao của
hình chóp là.
A.
SC
. B.
SA
. C.
SD
. D.
SB
.
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u 200. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy
ABCD
là hình chữ nhật, hai mặt phẳng
SAB
SAD
cùng vuông góc với đáy, biết diện tích đáy bằng
m
. Thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABCD
là:
A.
1
.
3
V m SA
. B.
1
.
3
V m SB
. C.
1
.
3
V m SC
. D.
1
.
3
V m SD
.
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u 201. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
ABCD
hình vuông cạnh
a
. Tam giác
SAB
đều nằm
trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với mặt phẳng
ABCD
. Thể tích của khối chóp
.S ABCD
A.
3
3
6
a
. B.
3
2
a
. C.
3
6
a
. D.
3
3
2
a
.
Li gii
S
A
3
A
n
A
...
A
2
A
1
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u 202. Cho khối chóp
.S ABC
, đáy
ABC
tam giác đều cạnh
a
. Hai mặt bên
()SAB
()SAC
cùng vuông góc với đáy. Tính thể tích
V
khối chóp biết
3SC a
.
A.
3
6
6
a
V
. B.
3
6
3
a
V
. C.
3
6
12
a
V
. D.
3
6
8
a
V
.
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u 203. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
, đáy
ABCD
hình vuông cạnh
2a
. Hai mặt phẳng
SAB
,
SAD
cùng vuông góc với đáy, góc giữa hai mặt phẳng
SBC
ABCD
bằng
30
. Tính tỉ số
3
3V
a
biết
V
là thể tích của khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
12
. B.
3
2
. C.
3
. D.
83
3
.
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u 204. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình chữ nhật
AB a
,
2BC a
. Hai mặt
phẳng
SAB
và mặt phẳng
SAD
cùng vuông góc với mặt phẳng đáy, cạnh
SC
hợp với mặt đáy
một góc
60
. Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
theo
a
.
A.
3
2 15
3
a
. B.
3
2 15a
. C.
3
2a
. D.
3
2 15
9
a
.
Li gii
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u 205. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy
ABCD
là hình vuông cạnh
a
, hai mặt phẳng
SAB
SAD
cùng vuông góc với mặt phẳng
ABCD
; góc giữa đường thẳng
SC
và mặt phẳng
ABCD
bng
60
. Tính theo
a
thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
3a
. B.
3
6
9
a
. C.
3
6
3
a
. D.
3
32a
.
Li gii
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Mức độ 2. Thông hiểu
u 206. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông cạnh
a
, hai mặt bên
SAB
SAD
cùng vuông góc với mặt phẳng đáy. Biết góc giữa
SCD
ABCD
bằng
0
45
. Gọi
H
K
lần lượt là trung điểm của
SC
SD
. Thể tích của khối chóp
.S AHK
là:
A.
3
24
a
. B.
3
a
. C.
3
6
a
. D.
3
12
a
.
Li gii
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u 207. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy hình vuông cạnh
a
, hai mặt phẳng
SAB
SAD
cùng vuông góc với mặt phẳng đáy, góc giữa mặt phẳng
SCD
mặt phẳng đáy bằng
45
. Thể
tích tứ diện
SBCD
bằng.
A.
3
6
a
. B.
3
2
a
. C.
3
a
. D.
3
3
a
.
Li gii
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Mức độ 3. Vận dụng
u 208. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình thang vuông tai
A
D
; biết
,CD a
2AB AD a
. Góc giữa hai mặt phẳng
SBC
ABCD
bằng
0
60 .
Gọi
I
trung điểm của
AD
, biết hai mặt phẳng
SBI
SCI
cùng vuông góc với mặt phẳng
ABCD
. Tính thể tích
của khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
35
8
a
. B.
3
3 15
5
a
. C.
3
35
5
a
. D.
3
3 15
8
a
.
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 4. Hai Mặt Bên Cùng Vuông Góc Với Đáy
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u 209. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
với các mặt
SAB
,
SBC
,
SAC
vuông góc với nhau từng đôi
một. Tính thể tích khối chóp
.S ABC
. Biết diện tích các tam giác
SAB
,
SBC
,
SAC
lần lượt
2
4a
,
2
a
,
2
9a
.
A.
3
2
. B.
1
2
. C.
1
. D.
2
.
Li gii
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u 210. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình chữ nhật với
6AB
,
3AD
, tam
giác
SAC
nhọn nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với đáy. Biết hai mặt phẳng
SAB
,
SAC
tạo với nhau góc
thỏa mãn
3
tan
4
và cạnh
3SC
. Thể tích khối
.S ABCD
bằng:
A.
4
3
. B.
8
3
. C.
33
. D.
53
3
.
Li gii
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u 211. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình chữ nhật với cạnh
2AD CD
. Biết hai
mặt phẳng
SAC
,
SBD
cùng vuông góc với mặt đáy đoạn
6BD
; góc giữa
SCD
mặt
đáy bằng
60
. Hai điểm
,MN
lần lượt là trung điểm của
,SA SB
. Thể tích khối đa diện
ABCDMN
bằng
A.
128 15
15
. B.
16 15
15
. C.
18 15
5
. D.
108 15
25
.
Li gii
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 212. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình chữ nhật. Hai mặt phẳng
SAC
cùng
vuông góc với mặt phẳng
ABCD
.
Biết rằng
AB a
,
3AD a
7SC a
. Tính thể tích khối
chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
Va
. B.
3
2Va
. C.
3
3Va
. D.
3
4Va
Li gii.
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Mức độ 4. Vận dụng cao
u 213. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông cạnh
a
. Hai mặt phẳng
SAB
SAD
cùng vuông góc với đáy, biết
3SC a
. Gọi
M
,
N
,
P
,
Q
lần lượt là trung điểm các cạnh
SB
,
SD
,
CD
,
BC
. Tính thể tích khối chóp.
A.
3
3
a
. B.
3
4
a
. C.
3
8
a
. D.
3
12
a
.
Li gii
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 4. Hai Mặt Bên Cùng Vuông Góc Với Đáy
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 214. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy
ABCD
là tứ giác lồi và góc tạo bởi các mặt phẳng
SAB
,
SBC
,
SCD
,
SDA
với mặt đáy lần lượt
90
,
60
,
60
,
60
. Biết rằng tam giác
SAB
vuông cân tại
S
,
AB a
và chu vi tứ giác
ABCD
9a
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.S ABCD
.
A.
3
3
9
a
V
. B.
3
3
4
a
V
. C.
3
23
9
a
V
. D.
3
3Va
.
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u 215. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông cạnh
a
.Hai mặt phẳng
SAB
SAD
cùng vuông góc với đáy, biết
3SC a
. Gọi
M
,
N
,
P
,
Q
lần lượt là trung điểm các cạnh
SB
,
SD
,
CD
,
BC
. Tính thể tích khối chóp
AMNPQ
.
A.
3
3
a
. B.
3
4
a
. C.
3
8
a
. D.
3
12
a
.
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u 216. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình chữ nhật,
1AB
,
10AD
,
SA SB
,
SC SD
. Biết mặt phẳng
SAB
SCD
vuông góc nhau đồng thời tổng diện tích của hai tam
giác
SAB
SCD
bằng
2
. Thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
bằng
A.
2
. B.
1
. C.
3
2
. D.
1
2
.
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Dạng 5. Khối lăng trụ đứng.
1. Phương pháp.
Khối lăng trụ đứng
1 2 3 1 2 3
... . ...
nn
A A A A A B B B B B
là khối lăng trụ
các cnh bên vuông góc với đáy nên suy ra
1 1 1 2 3
...
n
A B A A A A
.
Khi đó
11
AB
là chiu cao ca khi chóp.
Các mt bên ca khối lăng trụ đứng là hình ch nht.
Thch ca khi chóp
1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3
... . ... 1 1 ...
.
n n n
A A A A A B B B B B A A A A
V A B S
2. Một số trường hợp đặt biệt.
Hình hp ch nht:
Mặt đáy và các mặt bên là các hình ch nht.
Các cnh bên là chiu cao ca hình chóp.
Th tích
. ' ' ' '
'. . .
ABCD A B C D ABCD
V AA S a b c
trong đó:
'AA
là chiu cao.
ABCD
S
là diện tích đáy.
,,abc
lần lượt là độ dài chiu rng, ch nht, chiu
cao ca khi hình hp.
Hình hp lập phương:
Mặt đáy và các mặt bên là các hình vuông.
Các cnh bên là chiu cao ca hình chóp.
Th tích
3
. ' ' ' '
'.
ABCD A B C D ABCD
V AA S a
trong đó:
'AA
là chiu cao.
ABCD
S
là diện tích đáy.
a
là độ dài cnh ca hình lập phương.
3. u hỏi trắc nghiệm.
Mức độ 1. Nhận biết
u 217. Cho hình lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
có đáy là tam giác đều cạnh
a
, cạnh bên
2AA a
.
Thể tích của khối lăng trụ là
A.
3
6
4
a
. B.
3
3
4
a
. C.
3
3
12
a
. D.
3
6
12
a
.
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u 218. Cho hình lăng trụ đứng
. ' ' 'ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
đều cạnh bằng
a
chu vi của mặt
bên
''ABB A
bằng
6a
. Thể tích của khối lăng trụ
. ' ' 'ABC A B C
bằng
A.
3
3
2
a
. B.
3
3a
. C.
3
3
3
a
. D.
3
3
6
a
.
Li gii
B
n
B
...
B
3
B
2
A
3
A
n
A
...
A
2
A
1
B
1
D'
C'
B'
C
A
D
B
A'
D'
C'
B'
C
B
D
A
A'
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u 219. Tính theo
a
thể tích khối lăng trụ đứng
.ABCD A B C D
đáy hình thoi cạnh
a
, góc
BAD
bằng
60
và cạnh bên
AA
bằng
a
.
A.
3
9
2
a
. B.
3
1
2
a
. C.
3
3
2
a
. D.
3
3a
.
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u 220. Cho hình lăng trụ đứng
.ABCD A B C D
đáy hình thoi, biết
4AA a
,
2AC a
,
BD a
. Thể tích của khối lăng trụ là
A.
3
2a
. B.
3
8a
. C.
3
8
3
a
. D.
3
4a
.
Li gii
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u 221. Cho lăng trụ đứng
1 1 1
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông tại
B
với
3AB a
,
5AC a
,
1
4A B a
. Tính thể tích
V
của lăng trụ
1 1 1
.ABC A B C
?
A.
3
67Va
. B.
3
27Va
. C.
3
30Va
. D.
3
12 7Va
.
Li gii
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u 222. Tính thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông tại
,C
2,AB a
AC a
2.BC a
.
A.
3
4
3
a
V
. B.
3
4Va
. C.
3
3
6
a
V
. D.
3
3
2
a
V
.
Li gii
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u 223. Cho hình lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy tam giác vuông cân tại
,A
2BC a
2AA a
. Tính thể tích
V
của hình lăng trụ đã cho.
A.
3
2Va
. B.
3
2
3
a
V
. C.
3
Va
. D.
3
3Va
.
Li gii
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u 224. Cho lăng trụ đứng
. ' ' 'ABC A B C
có đáy
ABC
là tam giác vuông cân tại
,A
2 , BC a
' 3 .A B a
Thể tích của khối lăng trụ
. ' ' 'ABC A B C
bằng ?
A.
3
7a
. B.
3
2
3
a
. C.
3
6a
. D.
3
2a
.
Li gii
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u 225. Nếu khối lăng trụ đứng có đáy là hình vuông cnh
2a
và đưng cho mt bên bng
4a
thì khối lăng trụ đó có th tích bng.
A.
3
4a
. B.
3
83a
. C.
3
12a
. D.
3
63a
.
Li gii
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u 226. Cho khối lăng trụ diện tích đáy bằng
2
3a
khoảng cách giữa hai đáy bằng
a
. Tính
thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ đã cho.
A.
3
Va
. B.
3
3
2
Va
. C.
3
3Va
. D.
3
9Va
.
Li gii
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u 227. Một hình hộp đứng có đáy là hình thoi cạnh
a
, góc nhọn
o
60
và đường cho lớn của đáy
bằng đường cho nhỏ của hình hộp. Thể tích của khối hộp đó là.
A.
3
a
. B.
3
3
2
a
. C.
3
6
2
a
. D.
3
3a
.
Li gii
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u 228. Hình hộp đứng
.ABCD A B C D
đáy một hình thoi góc nhọn bằng
, cạnh
a
.
Diện tích xung quanh của hình hộp đó bằng
S
. Tính thể tích của khối hộp
.ABCD A B C D
?
A.
1
. sin
8
aS
. B.
1
. sin
4
aS
. C.
1
. sin
6
aS
. D.
1
. sin
2
aS
.
Li gii
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u 229. Cho hình lăng trụ đứng
.ABCD A B C D
đáy hình vuông cạnh bằng
3
, đường cho
AB
của mặt bên
ABB A

có độ dài bằng
5
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ
.ABCD A B C D
?
A.
48V
. B.
36V
. C.
45V
. D.
18V
.
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u 230. Tính thể tích của một khối lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
5AC a
đáy tam
giác đều cạnh
4.a
A.
3
12 .Va
B.
3
20 .Va
C.
3
20 3.Va
D.
3
12 3.Va
Li gii
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u 231. Cho hình lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
tất cả các cạnh bằng
a
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối
lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
.
A.
3
3
2
a
V
. B.
3
2
3
a
V
. C.
3
2
a
V
. D.
3
3
4
a
V
.
Li gii
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u 232. Cho lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
có đáy tam giác đều cạnh
3a
,
3A B a
. Thể tích khối
lăng trụ là
A.
3
7
2
a
. B.
3
92
4
a
. C.
3
6a
. D.
3
7a
.
Li gii
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u 233. Cho lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
có đáy
ABC
là tam giác vuông tại
A
;
2BC a
;
30ABC 
. Biết cạnh bên của lăng trụ bằng
23a
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ là:
A.
3
3
a
. B.
3
6a
. C.
3
3a
. D.
3
23a
.
Li gii
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u 234. Cho lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy tam giác vuông cân tại
A
,
AB AC a
,
2A A a
. Thể tích của khối tứ diện
A BB C

A.
3
2
3
a
. B.
3
2a
. C.
3
a
. D.
3
3
a
.
Li gii
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u 235. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chữ nhật
.ABCD A B C D
biết
AB a
,
2AD a
,
14AC a
.
A.
3
14
3
a
V
. B.
3
2Va
. C.
3
6Va
. D.
3
5Va
.
Li gii
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u 236. Cho lăng trụ đứng tam giác
.MNP M N P
đáy
MNP
tam giác đều cạnh
a
, đường
chéo
MP
tạo với mặt phẳng đáy một góc bằng
60
. Tính theo
a
thể tích của khối lăng trụ
.MNP M N P
.
A.
3
3
2
a
. B.
3
2
3
a
. C.
3
3
4
a
. D.
3
2
4
a
.
Li gii
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u 237. Cho hình hộp đứng
.ABCD A B C D
đáy hình vuông cạnh
a
, góc giữa mặt phẳng
D AB
và mặt phẳng
ABCD
bằng
30
. Thể tích khối hộp
.ABCD A B C D
bằng
A.
3
3
18
a
. B.
3
3a
. C.
3
3
3
a
. D.
3
3
9
a
.
Li gii
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u 238. Thể tích của khối lập phương
.ABCD A B C D
với
3AD a
.
A.
3
a
. B.
3
3 3.a
. C.
3
2 2.a
. D.
3
27
22
a
.
Li gii
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u 239. Cho hình hộp chữ nhật
.ABCD A B C D
thể tích bằng
1
G
trọng tâm tam giác
BCD
. Thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.G ABC
là:
A.
1
3
V
. B.
1
6
V
. C. . D.
1
18
V
.
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12
V
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u 240. Cho hình hộp đứng
.ABCD A B C D
đáy hình vuông, cạnh bên bằng
3AA a
đường cho
5AC a
. Tính thể tích khối hộp này.
A.
3
4Va
. B.
3
24Va
. C.
3
12Va
. D.
3
8Va
.
Li gii.
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Mức độ 2. Thông hiểu
u 241. Cho khối lăng trụ đứng tam giác
.ABC A B C
đáy một tam giác vuông cân tại
A
,
2AC AB a
, góc giữa
AC
và mặt phẳng
ABC
bằng
30
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
A.
43
3
a
. B.
3
43
3
a
. C.
3
23
3
a
. D.
2
43
3
a
.
Li gii
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u 242. Cho lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác đều cạnh
a
, cạnh bên
AB
tạo
với đáy một góc
45
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
là:
A.
3
. ' ' '
6
ABC A B C
a
V
. B.
3
. ' ' '
2
3
ABC A B C
a
V
. C.
3
. ' ' '
3
4
ABC A B C
a
V
. D.
3
. ' ' '
3
ABC A B C
Va
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u 243. Cho hình lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác đều cạnh
a
. Góc giữa
đường thẳng
AB
và mặt phẳng
ABC
bằng
45
. Thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ đã cho là:
A.
3
3
24
a
. B.
3
3
4
a
. C.
3
3
12
a
. D.
3
3
6
a
.
Li gii
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u 244. Cho lăng trụ đứng
. ' ' 'ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông cân tại
B
,
5AB a
.
Góc giữa cạnh
'AB
và mặt đáy là
60
o
. Tính thể tích lăng trụ
. ' ' 'ABC A B C
.
A.
3
15 5a
. B.
3
15 3a
. C.
3
5 15
2
a
. D.
3
53a
.
Li gii
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u 245. Cho lăng trụ đứng
. ' ' 'ABC A B C
đáy tam giác vuông tại
0
, , 60A AC a ACB
.
Đường cho
'BC
của mặt bên
''BCC B
tạo với mặt phẳng
''AA C C
một góc
0
30
. Tính thể tích
của khối lăng trụ theo
a
.
A.
3
6
2
a
. B.
3
6
3
a
. C.
3
26
3
a
. D.
3
6a
.
Li gii
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u 246. Cho hình hộp đứng
1 1 1 1
.ABCD A B C D
đáy
ABCD
hình vuông cạnh
a
, đường thẳng
1
DB
tạo với mặt phẳng
11
BCC B
góc
30
. Tính thể tích khối hộp
1 1 1 1
.ABCD A B C D
.
A.
3
3a
. B.
3
2a
. C.
3
a
. D.
3
2
3
a
.
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u 247. Cho lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
có đáy là tam giác đều cạnh
a
. Đường thẳng
AB
hợp với
đáy một góc
60
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
.
A.
3
3
2
a
V
. B.
3
4
a
V
. C.
3
3
4
a
V
. D.
3
2
a
V
.
Li gii
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
u 248. Cho hình lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông cân tại
B
,
AB a
,
góc giữa đường thẳng
AC
mặt phẳng
ABC
bằng
o
30
. Thể tích của khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
bằng:
A.
3
6
18
a
. B.
3
26
3
a
. C.
3
6
2
a
. D.
3
6
6
a
.
Li gii
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u 249. Cho khối lăng trụ đứng tam giác
.ABC A B C
đáy một tam giác vuông cân tại
A
,
2AC AB a
, góc giữa
AC’
và mặt phẳng
ABC
bằng
0
30
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
A.
43
3
a
B.
3
43
3
a
C.
3
23
3
a
. D.
2
43
3
a
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u 250. Cho hình hộp đứng
.ABCD A B C D
đáy
ABCD
hình thoi cạnh
a
60BAD 
,
AB
hợp với đáy
ABCD
một góc
30
. Thể tích của khối hộp là
A.
2
3
a
. B.
3
3
2
a
. C.
3
6
a
. D.
3
2
6
a
.
Li gii
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 251. Cho lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy tam giác đều cạnh
a
. Mặt phẳng
AB C

tạo
với mặt đáy góc
60
. Tính theo
a
thể tích khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
.
A.
3
33
.
8
a
V
B.
3
3
.
2
a
V
C.
3
33
.
4
a
V
D.
3
3
.
8
a
V
Li gii
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u 252. Cho lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
cạnh
2BC a
, góc giữa hai mặt phẳng
ABC
A BC
bằng
60
. Biết diện tích của tam giác
A BC
bằng
2
2a
. Tính thể tích
V
của
.ABC A B C
.
A.
3
3Va
. B.
3
2
3
a
V
. C.
3
3Va
. D.
3
3
3
a
V
.
Li gii
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u 253. Cho hình lăng trụ đứng
.
ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác đều cạnh
2a
, góc giữa mặt
phẳng
A BC
và mặt phẳng
ABC
bằng
60
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ
.
ABC A B C
tính theo
a
A.
3
33a
. B.
3
3a
. C.
3
3a
. D.
3
23a
.
Li gii
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 254. Cho hình lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy tam giác vuông cân đỉnh
A
, mặt bên
BCC B

hình vuông, khoảng cách giữa
AB
CC
bằng
a
. Thể tích của khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
A.
3
2
3
a
. B.
3
2
6
a
. C.
3
2
2
a
. D.
3
a
.
Li gii
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u 255. Cho lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy là tam giác cân tại
A
,
2AB AC a
;
120
o
CAB
.
Góc giữa
A BC
ABC
o
45
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ là.
A.
3
3
2
a
. B.
3
23a
. C.
3
3a
. D.
3
3
3
a
.
Li gii
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
u 256. Cho lăng trụ đứng tam giác
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông tại
,B
AB a
,
2BC a
góc giữa hai mặt phẳng
()A BC
ABC
bằng
0
30
. Tính thể tích khối lăng trụ.
A.
3
6
2
a
. B.
3
6
3
a
. C.
3
3
18
a
. D.
3
6
6
a
.
Li gii
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u 257. Cho lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác đều cạnh
a
, góc tạo bởi hai mặt
phẳng
ABC
,
A BC
bằng
60
. Tính thể tích khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
.
A.
3
33
4
a
. B.
3
33
8
a
. C.
3
3
24
a
. D.
3
3
6
a
.
Li gii
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u 258. Cho lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông tại
A
,
2 , 3AB a AC a
.
Mặt phẳng
A BC
hợp với mặt phẳng
ABC
một góc
60
. Tính thể tích khối lăng trụ đã cho.
A.
3
6 39
13
a
. B.
3
18 39
13
a
.
C.
3
9 39
26
a
. D.
3
3 39
26
a
.
Li gii
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 259. Cho hình lăng trụ tứ giác đều
.ABCD A B C D
cạnh đáy bằng
a
, khoảng cách từ
A
đến mặt phẳng
A BC
bằng
3
a
. Tính thể tích lăng trụ.
A.
3
2
4
a
. B.
3
33a
. C.
3
3
4
a
. D.
3
3
2
a
.
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u 260. Cho hình lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy tam giác vuông cân đỉnh
A
, mặt bên
BCC B

là hình vuông, khoảng cách giữa
AB
CC
bằng
a
.
Tính thể tích
V
khối lăng trụ theo
a
.
A.
3
2
2
a
V
. B.
3
Va
. C.
3
2Va
. D.
3
2
3
a
V
.
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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Mức độ 3. Vận dụng
u 261. Cho hình lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
, đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông tại
A
, cạnh
AA
hợp
với
BC
một góc
60
khoảng cách giữa chúng bằng
,a
2B C a
. Thể tích của khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
theo
:a
A.
3
.
2
a
B.
3
3
.
2
a
C.
3
3
.
4
a
D.
3
.
4
a
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u 262. Cho khối lăng trụ đứng
.
ABC A B C
đáy tam giác đều. Mặt phẳng
A BC
tạo với
đáy góc
30
và tam giác
A BC
có diện tích bằng 8. Tính thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ đã cho.
A.
83V
. B.
16 3V
. C.
64 3V
. D.
23V
.
Li gii
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u 263. Cho lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy tam giác vuông cân đỉnh
A
, mặt bên
BCC B

hình vuông, khoảng cách giữa
AB
CC
bằng
a
. Tính thể tích khối trụ
.ABC A B C
.
A.
3
a
. B.
3
2
2
a
. C.
3
2
3
a
. D.
3
2a
.
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u 264. Hình hộp chữ nhật
.ABCD A B C D
AB a
, góc giữa đường thẳng
BD
với mặt
phẳng
ABCD
mặt phẳng
ABB A

lần lượt bằng
30
45
. Tính thể tích khối hộp
.ABCD A B C D
.
A.
3
2a
. B.
3
3a
. C.
3
2a
. D.
3
3a
.
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
u 265. Cho lăng trụ đứng
.ABCD A B C D
đáy
ABCD
hình bình hành. Các đường cho
DB
AC
lần ợt tạo với đáy các góc
45
30
. Biết chiều cao của lăng trụ
a
60BAD 
. Hãy tính thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ này.
A.
3
2
3
a
V
. B.
3
3Va
. C.
3
2
a
V
. D.
3
3
2
a
V
.
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u 266. Cho khối trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy tam giác đều. Mặt phẳng
A BC
tạo với đáy
một góc
30
và tam giác
A BC
có diện tích bằng
2
8a
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ đã cho.
A.
3
83Va
. B.
3
23Va
. C.
3
64 3Va
. D.
3
16 3Va
.
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u 267. Cho hình hộp chữ nhật độ dài đường cho của các mặt lần lượt
5
,
10
,
13
.
Tính thể tích của khối hộp đã cho.
A.
5. 10. 18
6
V
. B.
8V
. C.
6V
. D.
4V
.
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u 268. Cho hình lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông cân tại
C
với
CA CB a
. Trên đường cho
CA
lấy hai điểm
M
,
N
. Trên đường cho
AB
lấy được hai điểm
P
,
Q
sao cho
MNPQ
là tứ diện đều. Tính thể tích khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
.
A.
3
6
a
. B.
3
a
. C.
3
2
a
. D.
3
2a
.
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u 269. Cho lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy tam giác vuông tại
A
,
AC a
,
60ACB 
góc
giữa
BC
AA C
bằng
30
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
.
A.
3
6Va
. B.
3
2
6
a
V
. C.
3
3
6
a
V
. D.
3
6
2
a
V
.
Li gii
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 5. Thể Tích Của Khối Lăng Đứng
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 270. Cho khối lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác cân với
,AB AC a
120BAC
, mặt phẳng
()A BC

tạo với đáy một góc
60
. Tính thể tích của khối lăng trụ đã cho
A.
3
3
8
a
V
. B.
3
9
8
a
V
. C.
3
3
8
a
. C.
3
3
.
8
a
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u 271. Hình lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
có diện tích đáy bằng
4
, diện tích ba mặt bên lần lượt là
9, 18
10
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
bằng
A.
4
11951
. B.
4
11951
2
. C.
11951
. D.
11951
2
.
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 5. Thể ch Của Khối Lăng Đứng
170
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 272. Cho hình lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác đều cạnh
a
. Khoảng cách
từ tâm
O
của tam giác
ABC
đến mặt phẳng
A BC
bằng
6
a
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ bằng
A.
3
32
4
a
. B.
3
32
8
a
. C.
3
32
28
a
. D.
3
32
16
a
.
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u 273. Cho hình lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông cân ti
A
, cnh
6BC a
. Góc gia mt phng
AB C
mt phng
BCC B

bng
60
. Tính th tích khối đa
din
AB CA C
.
A.
3
3a
. B.
3
33
2
a
. C.
3
3
2
a
. D.
3
3
3
a
.
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 5. Thể Tích Của Khối Lăng Đứng
171
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 274. Cho lăng trụ đứng
/ / /
.ABC A B C
0
, 2 , 120AC a BC a ACB
đường thẳng
/
AC
tạo
với mặt phẳng
//
ABB A
một góc
0
30
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ
/ / /
.ABC A B C
:
A.
3
105
28
a
. B.
3
35
27
a
. C.
3
105
7
a
. D.
3
105
14
a
.
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Mức độ 4. Vận dụng cao
u 275. Cho hình hộp đứng
.ABCD A B C D
AB AD a
,
3
'
2
a
AA
,
60BAD 
. Gọi
M
,
N
lần lượt là trung điểm
AD

,
AB

. Tính thể tích của khối đa diện
ABDMN
.
A.
3
3
16
a
. B.
3
33
8
a
. C.
3
9
16
a
. D.
3
3
8
a
.
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 5. Thể ch Của Khối Lăng Đứng
172
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 276. Cho lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
AB a
,
3BC a
,
2AC a
góc giữa
CB
ABC
bằng
o
60
. Mặt phẳng
P
qua trọng tâm tứ diện
CA B C
, song song với mặt đáy lăng trụ
cắt các cạnh
AA
,
BB
,
CC
lần lượt tại
E
,
F
,
Q
. Tỉ số thể tích của khối tứ diện
CEFQ
khối lăng trụ đã cho gần số nào sau đây nhất?
A.
0,07
. B.
0,06
. C.
0,25
. D.
0,09
.
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u 277. Cho một tấm nhôm hình chữ nhật
ABCD
24AD cm
. Ta gấp tấm nhôm theo hai
cạnh
MN
QP
vào phía trong đến khi
AB
CD
trùng nhau như hình vẽ dưới đây để được
một hình lăng trụ khuyết hai đáy. Tìm
x
để thể tích khối lăng trụ lớn nhất?
.
A.
9x
. B.
8x
. C.
10x
. D.
6x
.
Li gii
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x
x
24cm
A
,
D
P
M
Q
C
A
D
M
Q
B
,
C
B
P
N
N
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 5. Thể Tích Của Khối Lăng Đứng
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 278. Để làm mt máng xối nước, t mt tấm tôn kích thước
0,9 3mm
người ta gp tm tôn
đó như hình vẽ i biết mt ct ca máng xi (bi mt phng song song vi hai mặt đáy) là một
hình thang cân máng xi một hình lăng trụ chiu cao bng chiu dài ca tm tôn. Hi
xm
bng bao nhiêu thì th tích máng xi ln nht ?
.
A.
0,6xm
. B.
0,65xm
. C.
0,4xm
. D.
0,5xm
.
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3m
0,9m
0,3m
0,3m
xm
0,3m
3m
0,3m
x
x
(a)Tấm tôn
(b) Máng xối
(c)Mặt cắt
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 5. Thể ch Của Khối Lăng Đứng
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 279. Cho khối lăng trụ đứng
.
ABC A B C
có đáy
ABC
là tam giác cân vi
AB AC a
,
120BAC
, mt phng
A BC

to với đáy mt góc
60
. Tính th tích
V
ca khối lăng trụ đã
cho.
A.
3
3
8
a
V
. B.
3
9
8
a
V
. C.
3
3
8
a
V
. D.
3
33
8
a
V
.
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u 280. Cho hình lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy tam giác
ABC
vuông cân tại
A
, cạnh
6BC a
. Góc giữa mặt phẳng
AB C
mặt phẳng
BCC B

bằng
60
. Tính thể tích
V
của
khối đa diện
AB CA C
.
A.
3
3a
. B.
3
33
2
a
. C.
3
3
2
a
. D.
3
3
3
a
.
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 5. Thể Tích Của Khối Lăng Đứng
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 281. Cho hình lập phương
.ABCD A B C D
cạnh
2a
, gọi
M
trung điểm của
BB
P
thuộc cạnh
DD
sao cho
1
4
DP DD
. Mặt phẳng
AMP
cắt
CC
tại
N
. Thể tích khối đa diện
AMNPBCD
bằng
A.
3
2Va
. B.
3
3Va
. C.
3
9
4
a
V
. D.
3
11
3
a
V
.
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 282. Cho hình lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông,
AB BC a
. Biết
rằng góc giữa hai mặt phẳng
ACC
AB C

bằng
60
. Tính thể tích khối chóp
.B ACC A
.
A.
3
3
a
. B.
3
6
a
. C.
3
2
a
. D.
3
3
3
a
.
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u 283. Cho khi hp ch nht
.ABCD A B C D
th tích
bng
2110
. Biết
A M MA
,
3DN ND
,
2CP C P
như hình
v. Mt phng
MNP
chia khi hp thành hai khối đa diện.
Th tích khối đa diện nh hơn bằng
A.
5275
6
. B.
8440
9
. C.
7385
18
D.
5275
12
.
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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Dạng 6. Khối lăng trụ đều-Khối Hình lập Pơng- Khối Hình chnhật
1. Phương pháp.
Khi lăng trụ đều
Mặt đáy tương ứng là tam giác đều, hình vuông, hình
ngũ giác đều....
Các mt bên là các ch nht.
Các cnh bên là chiu cao ca hình chóp.
Th tích
. ' ' ' ' ...
'.
ABCD A B C D ABC D
V AA S
trong đó:
'AA
là chiu cao.
...ABC D
S
là diện tích đáy.
2. Một số trường hợp đặt biệt.
Hình hp ch nht:
Mặt đáy và các mặt bên là các hình ch nht.
Các cnh bên là chiu cao ca hình chóp.
Th tích
. ' ' ' '
'. . .
ABCD A B C D ABCD
V AA S a b c
trong đó:
'AA
là chiu cao.
ABCD
S
diện tích đáy.
,,abc
lần lượt là độ dài chiu rng, ch nht, chiu
cao ca khi hình hp.
Hình hp lập phương:
Mặt đáy và các mặt bên là các hình vuông.
Các cnh bên là chiu cao ca hình chóp.
Th tích
3
. ' ' ' '
'.
ABCD A B C D ABCD
V AA S a
trong đó:
'AA
là chiu cao.
ABCD
S
là diện tích đáy.
a
là độ dài cnh ca hình lập phương.
3. dụ minh họa.
Mức độ 1. Nhận biết
u 284. Cho lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
có độ dài cạnh đáy bằng
2a
, cạnh bên bằng
3a
.
Tính thể tích
V
của lăng trụ.
A.
3
2Va
. B.
3
3Va
. C.
3
3Va
. D.
3
32Va
.
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u 285. Cho hình lăng trụ đều
.'ABC A B C

cạnh đáy bằng
a
, cnh bên
3a
. Thể tích của
khối lăng trụ là .
A.
3
7
5
a
. B.
3
3
4
a
.
C.
3
3
7
a
. D.
3
3
4
a
.
D'
C'
B'
C
B
D
A
A'
D'
C'
B'
C
A
D
B
A'
D'
C'
B'
C
B
D
A
A'
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u 286. Tính thể tích khối lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
biết tất cả các cạnh của lăng trụ
đều bằng
a
.
A.
3
a
. B.
3
3
12
a
. C.
3
3
a
. D.
3
3
4
a
.
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u 287. Cho hình lập phương
.ABCD A B C D
có đường chéo bằng
3a
. Tính thể tích khối chóp
.A ABCD
.
A.
3
3
a
. B.
3
22
3
a
. C.
3
a
. D.
3
22a
.
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u 288. Tính thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ đều
. ' ' 'ABC A B C
biết
AB a
'2AB a
.
A.
3
3
4
a
V
. B.
3
3
2
a
V
. C.
3
3
12
a
V
. D.
3
3
4
a
V
.
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u 289. Tính thể tích của một khối lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
5AC a
đáy tam
giác đều cạnh
4.a
A.
3
12 .Va
B.
3
20 .Va
C.
3
20 3.Va
D.
3
12 3.Va
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u 290. Cho lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
tất cả các cạnh bằng
a
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
là:
A.
3
3
.
12
a
B.
3
3
.
4
a
C.
3
.
12
a
D.
3
.
4
a
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u 291. Tính thể tích khối lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
biết tất cả các cạnh của lăng trụ
đều bằng
a
.
A.
3
a
. B.
3
3
12
a
. C.
3
3
a
. D.
3
3
4
a
.
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u 292. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chữ nhật
.ABCD A B C D
biết
AB a
,
2AD a
,
14AC a
.
A.
3
14
3
a
V
. B.
3
2Va
. C.
3
6Va
. D.
3
5Va
.
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u 293. Thể tích của khối lập phương
.ABCD A B C D
với
3AD a
.
A.
3
a
. B.
3
3 3.a
. C.
3
2 2.a
. D.
3
27
22
a
.
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u 294. Cho hình lăng trụ tứ giác đều
.ABCD A B C D
cạnh đáy bằng
a
. Biết đường chéo của
mặt bên là
3a
. Khi đó, thể tích khối lăng trụ bằng:
A.
3
2
3
a
. B.
3
2a
. C.
3
3a
. D.
3
2a
.
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u 295. Thể tích của khối lăng trụ tam giác đều có tất cả các cạnh đều bằng
2a
là.
A.
3
3
12
a
. B.
3
23a
.
C.
3
4a
. D.
3
3
4
a
.
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u 296. Tổng diện tích các mặt của khối lập phương là 54
2
cm
. Tính thể tích khối lập phương đó.
A.
3
27cm
B.
3
9cm
C.
3
81cm
D.
3
18cm
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u 297. Các đường chéo của các mặt một hình hộp chữ nhật bằng
5, 10, 13.
Tính thể tích
V
của khối hộp chữ nhật đó.
A.
6V
. B.
5 26V
. C.
2V
. D.
5 26
3
V
.
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u 298. Cho hình lập phương
.ABCD A B C D
diện ch tam giác
ACD
bằng
2
3a
. Tính thể
tích
V
của khối lập phương.
A.
3
42Va
. B.
3
22Va
. C.
3
8Va
. D.
3
Va
.
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u 299. Cho khối lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
cạnh đáy bằng
2a
mỗi mặt bên
diện tích bằng
2
4a
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ đó là
A.
3
6
2
a
. B.
3
6a
. C.
3
26a
. D.
3
26
3
a
.
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u 300. Cho khối lăng trụ tam giác đều có tất cả các cạnh bằng
a
và có thể tích
3
9
4
V dm
Tính
giá trị của
a
.
A.
9a dm
. B.
3a dm
. C.
33a dm
. D.
3a dm
.
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u 301. Cho hình lăng trụ đều
.'ABC A B C

AB a
,
3
'
2
a
AA
. Gọi
G
trọng m tam giác
A BC
. Tính th tích tứ diện
GABC
theo
a
.
A.
3
3
24
a
.
B.
3
33
8
a
. C.
3
3
16
a
. D.
3
3
12
a
.
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Mức độ 2. Thông hiểu
u 302. Cho lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
chiều cao bằng
2
. Biết góc giữa đường thẳng
AB
và mặt phẳng
ABC
bằng
thỏa
1
tan
2
. Tính thể tích khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
.
A.
23
3
. B.
43
3
. C.
43
9
. D.
43
.
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u 303. Cho lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác đều cạnh
a
, cạnh bên
AB
tạo
với đáy một góc
0
45
Thể tích khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
là:
A.
3
. ' ' '
3
4
ABC A B C
a
V
. B.
3
. ' ' '
3
ABC A B C
Va
. C.
3
. ' ' '
6
ABC A B C
a
V
. D.
3
. ' ' '
2
3
ABC A B C
a
V
.
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u 304. Cho hình lăng trụ tam giác đều
ABCA B C
AB a
, đường thẳng
AB
tạo với mặt
phẳng
BCC B

một góc
30
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ đã cho.
A.
3
.
4
a
V
B.
3
6
12
a
V
. C.
3
3
.
4
a
V
D.
3
6
4
a
V
.
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u 305. Cho hình lăng trụ đều
.ABC A B C
cạnh đáy bằng
a
, đường thẳng
BC
tạo với mặt
phẳng
ACC A

một góc
30
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
.
A.
3
6
4
Va
. B.
3
8
a
V
. C.
3
3
4
Va
. D.
3
3
8
Va
.
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u 306. Cho khối lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
cạnh đáy bằng
2
, diện tích tam giác
A BC
bằng
3
. Tính thể tích của khối lăng trụ.
A.
25
. B.
2
. C.
25
3
. D.
32
.
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u 307. Cho lăng trụ tứ giác đều
.ABCD A B C D
đáy hình cạnh bằng
,a
đường chéo
AC
tạo
với mặt bên
BCC B

một góc
0
0 45 .

Tính thể tích của lăng tr tứ giác đều
.ABCD A B C D
.
A.
32
cot 1a
. B.
32
tan 1a
. C.
3
cos2a
. D.
32
cot 1a
.
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u 308. Cho lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
cạnh đáy bằng
a
góc giữa đường thẳng
AC
và mặt phẳng đáy bằng
60
. Tính thể tích khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
theo
.a
A.
3
3
4
a
. B.
3
12
a
. C.
3
3
4
a
. D.
3
4
a
.
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u 309. Cho lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác đều cạnh
a
, góc tạo bởi hai mặt
phẳng
ABC
,
A BC
bằng
60
. Tính thể tích khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
.
A.
3
33
4
a
. B.
3
33
8
a
. C.
3
3
24
a
. D.
3
3
6
a
.
Li gii
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 310. Cho hình lăng trụ đều
.ABC A B C
cạnh đáy bằng
a
. Đường thẳng
AB
tạo với mặt
phẳng
BCC B

một góc
30
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
theo
a
.
A.
3
3
4
a
. B.
3
4
a
. C.
3
6
12
a
. D.
3
6
4
a
.
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u 311. Cho hình hộp đứng
.ABCD A B C D
đáy hình vuông cạnh
a
, góc giữa mặt phẳng
D AB
và mặt phẳng
ABCD
bằng
30
. Thể tích khối hộp
.ABCD A B C D
bằng
A.
3
3
18
a
. B.
3
3a
. C.
3
3
3
a
. D.
3
3
9
a
.
Li gii
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 312. Cho lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy tam giác đều cạnh
a
. Mặt phẳng
AB C

tạo
với mặt đáy góc
60
. Tính theo
a
thể tích khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
.
A.
3
33
.
8
a
V
B.
3
3
.
2
a
V
C.
3
33
.
4
a
V
D.
3
3
.
8
a
V
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u 313. Cho lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
cạnh đáy
4a
, biết diện tích tam giác
A BC
bằng
8
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
bằng
A.
2 3.
B.
10 3.
C.
4 3.
D.
8 3.
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u 314. Cho hình hộp chữ nhật
.ABCD A B C D
diện tích các mặt
ABCD
,
BCC B

,
CDDC
lần lượt là
2
2a
,
2
3a
,
2
6a
. Tính thể tích khối hộp chữ nhật
.ABCD A B C D
.
A.
3
36a
. B.
3
6a
. C.
6
36a
. D.
2
6a
.
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Li gii
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u 315. Diện tích ba mặt của hình hộp chữ nhật lần lượt
222
15 ,24 ,40cm cm cm
. Thể tích của
khối hộp đó là:
A.
3
120cm
. B.
3
140cm
. C.
3
150cm
. D.
3
100cm
.
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u 316. Cho hình lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
cạnh đáy bằng
a
. Góc giữa đường thẳng
AB
và mặt phẳng
ABC
bằng
45
. Tính thể tích của khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
.
A.
3
3
24
a
. B.
3
3
4
a
. C.
3
3
6
a
. D.
3
3
12
a
.
Li gii
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u 317. Cho khối lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
cạnh đáy
a
khoảng ch từ
A
đến
mặt phẳng
A BC
bằng
2
a
. Tính thể tích của khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
.
A.
3
32
48
a
. B.
3
2
16
a
. C.
3
32
12
a
. D.
3
32
16
a
.
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u 318. Cho hình lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
góc giữa hai mặt phẳng
A BC
ABC
bằng
60
, cạnh
AB a
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
.
A.
3
3
4
Va
. B.
3
3
4
Va
. C.
3
33
8
Va
. D.
3
3Va
.
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u 319. Với một tấm bìa hình vuông, người ta cắt bỏ mỗi góc tấm bìa một hình vuông cạnh
12 cm
rồi gấp lại thành một hình hộp chữ nhật không nắp (hình vẽ). Giả sử thể tích của cái
hộp đó là
3
4800 cm
thì cạnh của tấm bìa ban đầu có độ dài là bao nhiêu?
A.
36 cm
. B.
42 cm
. C.
38 cm
. D.
44 cm
.
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u 320. Cho lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
cạnh đáy bằng
a
. Góc giữa mặt phẳng
A BC
và mặt phẳng
ABC
60
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.A BCC B
A.
3
3
8
a
V
. B.
3
33
4
a
V
. C.
3
33
8
a
V
. D.
3
3
4
a
V
.
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u 321. Một hình hộp chữ nhật
.ABCD A B C D
có ba kích thước là
2cm
,
3cm
6cm
. Thể tích
của khối tứ diện
ACB D

bằng
A.
3
12cm
. B.
3
8cm
. C.
3
6cm
. D.
3
4cm
.
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u 322. Tính thể tích của một hình hộp chữ nhật biết rằng ba mặt của hình này diện tích
2
20cm
,
2
10cm
,
2
8cm
.
A.
3
40cm
. B.
3
1600cm
. C.
3
80cm
. D.
3
200cm
.
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u 323. thể chia một khối lập phương thành bao nhiêu khối tứ diện có thể tích bằng nhau
các đỉnh của tứ diện cũng là đỉnh của hình lập phương?
A.
2
. B.
8
. C.
4
. D.
6
.
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u 324. Cho hình lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
tất cả các cạnh bằng
a
. Gọi
M
,
N
lần
lượt trung điểm của các cạnh
AB
BC

. Mặt phẳng
A MN
cắt cạnh
BC
tại
P
. Tính thể
tích của khối đa diện
.MBP A B N

A.
3
3
24
a
. B.
3
3
12
a
. C.
3
73
96
a
. D.
3
73
32
a
.
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u 325. Cho hình lập phương
.ABCD A B C D
diện ch tam giác
ACD
bằng
2
3a
. Tính thể
tích
V
của hình lập phương.
A.
3
8Va
. B.
3
Va
. C.
3
22Va
. D.
3
42Va
.
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Mức độ 3. Vận dụng
u 326. Cho lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
cạnh đáy bằng
2a
, khoảng cách từ
A
đến mặt
phẳng
A BC
bằng
6
2
a
. Khi đó thể tích khối lăng trụ bằng:
A.
3
a
. B.
3
3a
. C.
3
4
3
a
. D.
3
43
3
a
.
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u 327. Hình hộp chữ nhật
.ABCD A B C D
AB a
, góc giữa đường thẳng
BD
với mặt
phẳng
ABCD
mặt phẳng
ABB A

lần lượt bằng
30
45
. Tính thể tích khối hộp
.ABCD A B C D
.
A.
3
2a
. B.
3
3a
. C.
3
2a
. D.
3
3a
.
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u 328. Lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
góc giữa hai mặt phẳng
()A BC
()ABC
bằng
30
. Điểm
M
nằm trên cạnh
AA
. Biết cạnh
3AB a
, thể tích khối đa diện
MBCC B

bằng:
A.
3
3
4
a
. B.
3
33
2
a
. C.
3
32
4
a
. D.
3
2
3
a
.
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u 329. Cho hình hộp chữ nhật độ dài đường chéo của các mặt lần lượt
5
,
10
,
13
.
Tính thể tích của khối hộp đã cho.
A.
5. 10. 18
6
V
. B.
8V
. C.
6V
. D.
4V
.
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u 330. Cho khối lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
cạnh đáy
a
khoảng ch từ
A
đến
mặt phẳng
A BC
bằng
2
a
. Thể tích của khối lăng trụ bằng:
A.
3
32
12
a
. B.
3
2
16
a
. C.
3
32
16
a
. D.
3
32
48
a
.
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u 331. Cho lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
tất cả các cạnh đều bằng
a
. Khoảng cách giữa
hai đường thẳng
BC
AB
bằng
A.
21
7
a
. B.
3
2
a
. C.
7
4
a
. D.
2
2
a
.
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u 332. Cho hình lập phương
.ABCD A B C D
cạnh bằng
a
. Gọi
O
O
lần lượt tâm các
hình vuông
ABCD
A B C D
. Gọi
M
,
N
lần lượt là trung điểm của các cạnh
BC

CD
. Tính
thể tích khối tứ diện
OO MN
.
A.
3
8
a
. B.
3
a
. C.
3
12
a
. D.
3
24
a
.
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u 333. Cho lăng trụ đều
.ABC EFH
tất cả các cạnh bằng
a
. Gọi
S
điểm đối xứng của
A
qua
BH
. Thể tích khối đa diện
ABCSFH
bằng
A.
3
3
3
a
. B.
3
6
a
. C.
3
3
6
a
. D.
3
2
a
.
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u 334. Cho lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
cạnh đáy bằng
a
AB BC

. Tính thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ đã cho.
A.
3
7
8
a
V
. B.
3
6Va
. C.
3
6
8
a
V
. D.
3
6
4
a
V
.
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Mức độ 4. Vận dụng cao
u 335. Cho lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
cạnh đáy bằng
a
AB BC

. Tính thể tích
của khối lăng trụ.
A.
3
6
8
a
V
. B.
3
6
4
a
V
. C.
3
6Va
. D.
3
7
8
a
V
.
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u 336. Cho hình lăng trụ tứ giác đều
.ABCD A B C D
cạnh đáy
4 3 .m
Biết mặt phẳng
D BC
hợp với đáy một góc
60
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ là.
A.
3
325m
. B.
3
648m
. C.
3
478m
. D.
3
576m
.
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u 337. Cho lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
cạnh đáy bằng
2a
, khoảng cách từ
A
đến mặt
phẳng
A BC
bằng
6
2
a
. Khi đó thể tích lăng trụ bằng.
A.
3
43
3
Va
. B.
3
4
3
Va
. C.
3
3Va
. D.
3
Va
.
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u 338. Cho hình lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
có tất cả các cạnh bằng
a
. Gọi
,MN
lần lượt
trung điểm của các cạnh
AB
BC

. Mặt phẳng
A MN
cắt cạnh
BC
tại
.P
Thể tích khối đa
diện
.MBP A B N

bằng.
A.
3
3
32
a
. B.
3
73
96
a
. C.
3
73
32
a
. D.
3
73
68
a
.
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u 339. Cho hình lăng trụ đều
.ABC A B C
có tất cả các cạnh bằng
1
. Gọi
E
,
F
lần lượt trung
điểm
AA
BB
; đường thẳng
CE
cắt đường thẳng
CA

tại
E
, đường thẳng
CF
cắt đường
thẳng
'CB
tại
F
. Thể tích khối đa diện
EFA B E F
bằng
A.
3
6
. B.
3
2
. C.
3
3
. D.
3
12
.
Li gii
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u 340. Cho hình lăng trụ đều
.ABC A B C
. Biết khoảng cách từ điểm
C
đến mặt phẳng
ABC
bằng
a
, góc giữa hai mặt phẳng
ABC
BCC B

bằng
với
1
cos
3
.
Thể tích khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
bằng
A.
3
3 15
10
a
. B.
3
3 15
20
a
. C.
3
9 15
10
a
. D.
3
9 15
20
a
.
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Bài 4. Dạng 7. Thể Tích Khối lăng Trụ Xiên
203
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
Dạng 7. Khối Lăng trxiên.
1. Phương pháp.
Khối lăng trụ
.ABCDE A B C D E
khối lăng trụ
cnh
'A H ABCDE
.
Khi đó
AH
là chiu cao ca khi chóp.
Th tích ca khi chóp
.
.
ABCDE A B C D E ABCDE
V A H S
Để xác định đường vuông góc ta phi s dng 4 cách sau.
Cho hình chiếu vuông góc.
M đỉnh cách đều các các đỉnh ca mặt đáy.
Mt bên vuông góc vi mt đáy.
Hai mt bên ct nhau cùng vuông góc vi mặt đáy.
2. dụ minh họa.
Mức độ 1. Nhận biết
u 341. Cho lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác đều cạnh
a
, cạnh bên tạo với mặt
phẳng bằng
0
45
. Hình chiếu của
a
trên mặt phẳng
ABC
trùng với trung điểm của
AB

. Tính
thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ theo
a
.
A.
3
3
2
a
V
. B.
3
3
24
a
V
. C.
3
3
8
a
V
. D.
3
3
16
a
V
.
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u 342. Cho khối lăng trụ
.ABCD A B C D
thể tích bằng
3
36cm
. Gọi
M
điểm bất thuộc
mặt phẳng
ABC D
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.M A B C D
.
A.
3
12cmV
. B.
3
24cmV
. C.
3
16cmV
. D.
3
18cmV
.
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Chân đường vuông góc
Đường cao
Diện tích đáy
h
D'
E'
C'
B'
A
B
C
A'
H
E
D
Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 7. Thể ch Khối lăng Trụ Xiên
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
u 343. Cho hình lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác đều cnh
a
,
3
2
a
AA
. Biết rng
hình chiếu vuông góc ca
A
lên
ABC
là trung điểm
BC
. Tính th tích
V
ca khối lăng trụ đó.
A.
3
Va
. B.
3
2
3
a
V
. C.
3
3
42
a
V
. D.
3
3
2
Va
.
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u 344. Cho hình lăng tr
.ABC A B C
có đáy
ABC
là tam giác vuông tại
,B
,AB a
3,BC a
góc hợp bởi đường thẳng
AA
và mặt phẳng
ABC
bằng
45 ,
hình chiếu vuông góc của
B
lên
mặt phẳng
ABC
trùng với trọng tâm của tam giác
ABC
.
Tính thể tích khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
.
A.
3
3
.
9
a
B.
3
3
.
3
a
C.
3
.a
D.
3
.
3
a
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u 345. Cho lăng trụ tam giác
.ABC A B C
có đáy
ABC
tam giác đều cạnh
2a
. Hình chiếu của
A
lên mặt phẳng
ABC
trùng với trọng tâm tam giác
ABC
. Biết góc giữa cạnh bên mặt đáy
bằng
60
. Tính thể tích khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
.
A.
3
3
4
a
. B.
3
43a
. C.
3
23a
. D.
3
3
2
a
.
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam
Bài 4. Dạng 7. Thể Tích Khối lăng Trụ Xiên
205
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 346. Cho khối lăng trụ
.ABCD A B C D
có thể tích bằng
12
, đáy
ABCD
là hình vuông tâm
O
.
Thể tích của khối chóp
.A BCO
bằng
A.
1
. B.
4
. C.
3
. D.
2
.
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u 347. Cho lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
đáy tam giác vuông cân tại
A
,
AB a
. Gọi
G
trọng
tâm tam giác
ABC
. Biết
AG
vuông góc với mặt phẳng
ABC
AB
tạo với đáy một góc
45
.
Tính thể tích khối chóp
.A BCC B
.
A.
3
5
9
a
. B.
3
5
6
a
. C.
3
5
3
a
. D.
3
5
4
a
.
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u 348. Cho lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
có đáy là tam giác đều cạnh
a
,
AA b
AA
tạo với mặt đáy
một góc
60
. Tính thể tích khối lăng trụ.
A.
2
3
4
ab
. B.
2
3
8
ab
. C.
2
3
8
ab
. D.
2
1
8
ab
.
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u 349. Cho khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác đều cạnh bằng
a
, cạnh bên
AA a
, góc giữa
AA
và mặt phẳng đáy bằng
30
. Tính thể tích khối lăng trụ đã cho theo
a
.
A.
3
3
8
a
. B.
3
3
24
a
. C.
3
3
4
a
. D.
3
3
12
a
.
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u 350. Cho lăng trụ tam giác
.ABC A B C
đáy tam giác
ABC
đều cạnh bằng
a
. Hình chiếu
vuông góc của
A
trên mặt phẳng
ABC
trùng với trung điểm
H
của cạnh
AB
. Góc giữa cạnh
bên của lăng trụ và mặt phẳng đáy bằng
o
30
. Tính thể tích của khối lăng trụ đã cho theo
a
.
A.
3
3
4
a
. B.
3
4
a
. C.
3
24
a
. D.
3
8
a
.
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Bài 4. Dạng 7. Thể Tích Khối lăng Trụ Xiên
207
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 351. Cho lăng trụ tam giác
.ABC A B C
đáy tam giác đều cạnh
a
. Độ dài cạnh bên bằng
4a
. Mặt phẳng
BCC B

vuông góc với đáy và
30B BC

. Thể tích khối chóp
.ACC B

là:
A.
3
3
2
a
. B.
3
3
12
a
. C.
3
3
18
a
. D.
3
3
6
a
.
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u 352. Cho khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
có thể tích bằng
V
. Tính thể tích khối đa diện
ABCB C

.
A.
3
4
V
. B.
2
3
V
. C.
2
V
. D.
4
V
.
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 353. Cho khối hộp
.ABCD A B C D
có thể tích bằng
9
. Tính thể tích khối tứ diện
.ACB D

A.
3.
B.
9
.
2
C.
6.
D.
27
.
4
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u 354. Cho khối hộp
.ABCD A B C D
có thể tích bằng
3
24a
.
Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.A ABCD
?
A.
3
2Va
. B.
3
12Va
. C.
3
4Va
. D.
3
8Va
.
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u 355. Cho lăng trụ tam giác
.ABC A B C
có thể tích là
V
.
Tính thể tích khối chóp
.A BCC B

theo
V
.
A.
2
3
V
. B.
2
5
V
. C.
1
2
V
. D.
1
3
V
.
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Bài 4. Dạng 7. Thể Tích Khối lăng Trụ Xiên
209
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 356. Cho hình lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
thể ch
V
. Gọi
M
điểm thuộc cạnh
CC
sao cho
3CM C M
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.M ABC
A.
4
V
. B.
3
4
V
. C.
12
V
. D.
6
V
.
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u 357. Cho khối lăng trụ
.ABCD A B C D
có thể tích bằng
12
, đáy
ABCD
là hình vuông tâm
O
.
Thể tích của khối chóp
.A BCO
bằng
A.
1
. B.
4
. C.
3
. D.
2
.
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u 358. Cho khối trụ tam giác
.ABC A B C
. Gọi
M
một điểm trên cạnh
CC
sao cho
2MC MC
. Tính thể tích khối tứ diện
AB CM
theo
a
.
A.
3
2a
. B.
3
4a
. C.
3
3a
. D.
3
a
.
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u 359. Cho lăng tr tam gc
.ABC A B C
có đáy
ABC
là tam gc đu cnh
22AB a
.
Biết
8AC a
và to với mt đáy một góc
45
. Th tích khi đa din
ABCC B

bng
A.
3
16 6
3
a
. B.
3
86
3
a
. C.
3
16 3
3
a
. D.
3
83
3
a
.
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u 360. Cho khối lăng trụ tam giác
.ABC A B C
thể tích là
V
. Gọi
I
,
J
lần lượt trung điểm
hai cạnh
AA
BB
. Khi đó thể tích của khối đa diện
ABCIJC
bằng
A.
4
5
V
. B.
3
4
V
. C.
5
6
V
. D.
2
3
V
.
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Bài 4. Dạng 7. Thể Tích Khối lăng Trụ Xiên
211
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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Mức độ 2. Thông Hiểu
u 361. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
có đáy là tam giác vuông cân ti
;B
, AB a SA ABC
. Cnh
bên
SB
hp với đáy mt góc
45
. Th tích ca khi chóp
.S ABC
tính theo
a
bng:
A.
3
6
a
. B.
3
2
6
a
. C.
3
3
a
. D.
3
3
3
a
.
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u 362. Cho lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
đáy tam giác đều cạnh
a
. Hình chiếu vuông góc của điểm
A
lên mặt phẳng
ABC
trùng với trọng tâm tam giác
ABC
. Biết khoảng cách giữa hai đường
thẳng
AA
BC
bằng
3
4
a
. Khi đó thể tích của khối lăng trụ là
A.
3
3
.
12
a
B.
3
3
.
6
a
C.
3
3
.
3
a
D.
3
3
.
24
a
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u 363. Cho lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy tam giác đều cạnh
a
. Đường thẳng
AB
hợp
với đáy một góc
60
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
.
A.
3
3
2
a
V
. B.
3
4
a
V
. C.
3
3
4
a
V
. D.
3
2
a
V
.
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u 364. Một khối lăng trụ tam giác có đáy là tam giác đều cạnh 3, cạnh bên bng
23
tạo với
mặt phẳng đáy một góc
30 .
Khi đó thể tích khối lăng trụ là?
A.
9
.
4
B.
27 3
.
4
C.
27
.
4
D.
93
.
4
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
u 365. Cho hình hộp
.ABCD A B C D
thể tích là
.V
Tính thể tích của tứ din
ACB D

theo
.V
A.
.
6
V
B.
.
4
V
C.
.
5
V
D.
.
3
V
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u 366. Cho hình lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
đáy tam giác đều cạnh
a
. Hình chiếu vuông góc của
điểm
A
lên mặt phẳng
ABC
trùng với trọng tâm tam giác
ABC
. Biết khoảng cách giữa hai
đường thẳng
AA
BC
bằng
3
4
a
. Tính theo
a
thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
.
A.
3
3
6
a
V
. B.
3
3
12
a
V
. C.
3
3
3
a
V
. D.
3
3
24
a
V
.
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
u 367. Cho hình lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
, đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông tại
A
, cạnh
AA
hợp
với
BC
một góc
60
khoảng cách giữa chúng bằng
,a
2B C a
. Thể tích của khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
theo
:a
A.
3
.
2
a
B.
3
3
.
2
a
C.
3
3
.
4
a
D.
3
.
4
a
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u 368. Cho khối lăng trụ đứng
.
ABC A B C
đáy tam giác đều. Mặt phẳng
A BC
tạo với
đáy góc
30
và tam giác
A BC
có diện tích bằng 8. Tính thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ đã cho.
A.
83V
. B.
16 3V
. C.
64 3V
. D.
23V
.
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam
Bài 4. Dạng 7. Thể Tích Khối lăng Trụ Xiên
215
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
u 369. Cho lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
cạnh đáy bằng
2a
, khoảng cách từ
A
đến mặt
phẳng
A BC
bằng
6
2
a
. Khi đó thể tích khối lăng trụ bằng:
A.
3
a
. B.
3
3a
. C.
3
4
3
a
. D.
3
43
3
a
.
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u 370. Đáy của hình lăng trụ đứng tam giác
.ABC A B C
tam giác đều cạnh
4a
và biết diện
tích tam giác
A BC
bằng
8
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ là
A.
23
. B.
43
. C.
83
. D.
16 3
.
Li gii
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 7. Thể ch Khối lăng Trụ Xiên
216
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
u 371. Cho lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy tam giác vuông cân đỉnh
A
, mặt bên
BCC B

hình vuông, khoảng cách giữa
AB
CC
bằng
a
. Tính thể tích khối trụ
.ABC A B C
.
A.
3
a
. B.
3
2
2
a
. C.
3
2
3
a
. D.
3
2a
.
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u 372. Hình hộp chữ nhật
.ABCD A B C D
AB a
, góc giữa đường thẳng
BD
với mặt
phẳng
ABCD
mặt phẳng
ABB A

lần lượt bằng
30
45
. Tính thể tích khối hộp
.ABCD A B C D
.
A.
3
2a
. B.
3
3a
. C.
3
2a
. D.
3
3a
.
Li gii
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam
Bài 4. Dạng 7. Thể Tích Khối lăng Trụ Xiên
217
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
u 373. Cho lăng trụ đứng
.ABCD A B C D
đáy
ABCD
hình bình hành. Các đường chéo
DB
AC
lần ợt tạo với đáy các góc
45
30
. Biết chiều cao của lăng trụ
a
60BAD 
. Hãy tính thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ này.
A.
3
2
3
a
V
. B.
3
3Va
. C.
3
2
a
V
. D.
3
3
2
a
V
.
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u 374. Cho hình lăng trụ
.
ABC A B C
độ dài tất cả các cạnh bằng
a
hình chiếu vuông góc
của đỉnh
C
lên mặt phẳng

ABB A
m của hình bình hành

ABB A
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ
.
ABC A B C
tính theo
a
A.
3
2
4
a
. B.
3
2
12
a
. C.
3
3a
. D.
3
3
4
a
.
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Bài 4. Dạng 7. Thể ch Khối lăng Trụ Xiên
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
u 375. Cho khối trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy tam giác đều. Mặt phẳng
A BC
tạo với đáy
một góc
30
và tam giác
A BC
có diện tích bằng
2
8a
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ đã cho.
A.
3
83Va
. B.
3
23Va
. C.
3
64 3Va
. D.
3
16 3Va
.
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u 376. Cho lăng trụ
.ABCD A B C D
đáy
ABCD
hình thoi cạnh
a
, tâm
O
120ABC 
.
Góc giữa cạnh bên
AA
mặt đáy bằng
60
. Đỉnh
A
cách đều các điểm
A
,
B
,
D
. Tính theo
a
thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ đã cho.
A.
3
3
2
a
V
. B.
3
3
6
a
V
. C.
3
3
2
a
V
. D.
3
3Va
.
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam
Bài 4. Dạng 7. Thể Tích Khối lăng Trụ Xiên
219
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
u 377. Cho lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
đáy tam giác đều cạnh
a
. Hình chiếu vuông góc của điểm
A
lên mặt phẳng
ABC
trùng với trọng m của tam giác
ABC
. Biết khoảng cách giữa hai
đường thẳng
AA
BC
bằng
3
4
a
. Khi đó thể tích của khối lăng trụ là
A.
3
3
6
a
. B.
3
3
24
a
. C.
3
3
12
a
. D.
3
3
36
a
.
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u 378. Cho khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
thể ch
V
. Gọi
M
điểm bất kỳ trên đường thẳng
CC
. Tính thể tích khối chóp
.M ABB A

theo
V
.
A.
2
V
. B.
3
V
. C.
2
9
V
. D.
2
3
V
.
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 379. Cho hình lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông cân tại
C
với
CA CB a
. Trên đường chéo
CA
lấy hai điểm
M
,
N
. Trên đường chéo
AB
lấy được hai
điểm
P
,
Q
sao cho
MNPQ
là tứ diện đều. Tính thể tích khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
.
A.
3
6
a
. B.
3
a
. C.
3
2
a
. D.
3
2a
.
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u 380. Cho lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy tam giác vuông tại
A
,
AC a
,
60ACB 
góc
giữa
BC
AA C
bằng
30
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
.
A.
3
6Va
. B.
3
2
6
a
V
. C.
3
3
6
a
V
. D.
3
6
2
a
V
.
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Trung Tâm Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam
Bài 4. Dạng 7. Thể Tích Khối lăng Trụ Xiên
221
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 381. Khối lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác cân với
,AB AC a
120BAC
, mặt phẳng
()A BC

tạo với đáy một góc
60
. Tính thể tích của khối lăng trụ đã cho
A.
3
3
8
a
V
. B.
3
9
8
a
V
. C.
3
3
8
a
. D.
3
33
8
a
.
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u 382. Cho khối hộp
.ABCD A B C D
đáy hình chữ nhật với
3AB
;
7AD
. Hai mặt
bên
ABB A

ADD A

cùng tạo với đáy góc
45
, cạnh bên của hình hộp bằng
1
. Thể tích khối
hộp là
A.
7
. B.
33
. C.
5
. D.
77
.
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u 383. Cho hình lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
đáy tam giác đều cạnh
a
. Hình chiếu vuông góc của
điểm
A
lên mặt phẳng
ABC
trùng với trọng tâm tam giác
ABC
. Biết khoảng cách giữa hai
đường thẳng
AA
BC
bằng
3
4
a
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
.
A.
3
3
6
a
V
. B.
3
3
3
a
V
. C.
3
3
24
a
V
. D.
3
3
12
a
V
.
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u 384. Hình lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
có diện tích đáy bằng
4
, diện tích ba mặt bên lần lượt là
9, 18
10
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
bằng
A.
4
11951
. B.
4
11951
2
. C.
11951
. D.
11951
2
.
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Bài 4. Dạng 7. Thể Tích Khối lăng Trụ Xiên
223
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 385. Cho hình lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
thể tích bằng
3
48cm
. Gọi
,,M N P
theo thứ tự là trung
điểm các cạnh
CC
,
BC
BC

, khi đó thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.A MNP
A.
3
16
cm
3
. B.
3
8cm
. C.
3
24cm
. D.
3
12cm
.
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u 386. Cho lăng trụ
1 1 1
.ABC A B C
diện tích mặt bên
11
ABB A
bằng
4
; khoảng cách giữa cạnh
1
CC
và mặt phẳng
11
ABB A
bằng 7. Tính thể tích khối lăng trụ
1 1 1
.ABC A B C
.
A.
14
. B.
28
3
. C.
14
3
. D.
28
.
Li gii
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 387. Khối lăng trụ đứng
.,ABC A B C
đáy tam giác cân
ABC
với
2AB AC x
,
120BAC 
, mặt phẳng
AB C

tạo với đáy một góc
30
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ đã
cho.
A.
3
4
3
x
V
. B.
3
Vx
. C.
3
3
16
x
V
. D.
3
9
8
x
V
.
Li gii
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u 388. Cho lăng trụ đứng tam giác
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông cân tại
B
với
BA BC a
, biết
AB
hợp với mặt phẳng
ABC
một góc
60
. Thể tích lăng trụ là:
A.
3
3
2
a
. B.
3
3
4
a
. C.
3
3
6
a
. D.
3
3a
.
Li gii
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
u 389. Cho hình lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác đều cạnh
a
. Khoảng cách
từ tâm
O
của tam giác
ABC
đến mặt phẳng
A BC
bằng
6
a
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ bằng
A.
3
32
4
a
. B.
3
32
8
a
. C.
3
32
28
a
. D.
3
32
16
a
.
Li gii
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u 390. Cho hình lăng trụ
.
ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông tại
A
. cạnh
2BC a
60ABC
. Biết tứ giác

BCC B
hình thoi
B BC
nhọn. Biết

BCC B
vuông góc với
ABC

ABB A
tạo với
ABC
c
45
. Thể tích của khối lăng trụ
.
ABC A B C
bằng
A.
3
7
a
. B.
3
3
7
a
. C.
3
6
7
a
. D.
3
37
a
.
Li gii
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 391. Cho hình lăng tr đứng
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông cân ti
A
, cnh
6BC a
. Góc gia mt phng
AB C
mt phng
BCC B

bng
60
. Tính th tích khối đa
din
AB CA C
.
A.
3
3a
. B.
3
33
2
a
. C.
3
3
2
a
. D.
3
3
3
a
.
Li gii
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u 392. Cho lăng trụ tam giác
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác đều cạnh
a
. Hình chiếu
vuông góc của
A
trên mặt phẳng
ABC
trung điểm của
AB
. Nếu
AC
vuông góc với
AB
thì
thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
A.
3
6
8
a
V
. B.
3
6
4
a
V
. C.
3
6
2
a
V
. D.
3
6
24
a
V
.
Li gii
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Bài 4. Dạng 7. Thể Tích Khối lăng Trụ Xiên
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 393. Cho hình lăng trụ
.ABCD A B C D
đáy hình vuông. Hình chiếu vuông góc ca
A
lên mt phng
ABCD
trung điểm
AB
, góc gia
mp A CD
mt phng
ABCD
60
.
Th tích ca khi chóp
B ABCD
3
83
3
a
. Tính theo
a
độ dài đoạn thng
AC
.
A.
3
22a
. B.
2a
. C.
2a
. D.
22a
.
Li gii
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u 394. Cho hình lăng trụ
.ABCD A B C D
đáy hình thoi cạnh bằng
a
120ABC 
. Góc
giữa cạnh bên
AA
và mặt đáy bằng
60
, điểm
A
cách đều các điểm
A
,
B
,
D
. Tính thể tích khối
lăng trụ đã cho theo
a
.
A.
3
3
3
a
. B.
3
3
2
a
. C.
3
3
12
a
. D.
3
3
6
a
.
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u 395. Cho lăng trụ đứng
/ / /
.ABC A B C
0
, 2 , 120AC a BC a ACB
đường thẳng
/
AC
tạo
với mặt phẳng
//
ABB A
một góc
0
30
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ
/ / /
.ABC A B C
:
A.
3
105
28
a
. B.
3
35
27
a
. C.
3
105
7
a
. D.
3
105
14
a
.
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Bài 4. Dạng 7. Thể Tích Khối lăng Trụ Xiên
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 396. Cho hình chóp tam giác đều
.S ABC
cạnh đáy bằng
1
, góc giữa cạnh bên mặt đáy
bằng
60 .
Gọi
, , A B C
lần lượt các điểm đối xứng của
, , A B C
qua
S
. Thể ch của khối đa
diện
ABCA B C
bằng
A.
23
.
3
V
B.
2 3.V
C.
43
.
3
V
D.
3
.
2
V
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u 397. Cho lăng trụ
.ABCD A B C D
đáy
ABCD
hình chữ nhật với
6AB
,
3AD
,
3AC
mặt phẳng
AA C C

vuông góc với mặt đáy. Biết hai mặt phẳng
AA C C

,
AA B B

tạo với nhau góc
thỏa mãn
3
tan
4
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ
.ABCD A B C D
bằng?
A.
8V
. B.
12V
. C.
10V
. D.
6V
.
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 398. Cho hình hộp
.ABCD A B C D
đáy
ABCD
hình thoi cạnh
3a
,
3BD a
, hình
chiếu vuông góc của
B
trên mặt phẳng
A B C D
trùng với trung điểm của
AC

. Gọi
góc
tạo bởi hai mặt phẳng
ABCD
CDD C

,
21
cos
7
. Thể tích khối hộp
.ABCD A B C D
bằng
A.
3
3
4
a
. B.
3
93
4
a
. C.
3
9
4
a
. D.
3
33
4
a
.
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Bài 4. Dạng 7. Thể Tích Khối lăng Trụ Xiên
231
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 399. Cho hình lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
biết
.A ABC
tứ diện đều cạnh cạnh bằng
a
. Tính thể
tích khối
A BCC B
.
A.
3
2
a
V
. B.
3
2
6
a
V
. C.
3
2
12
a
V
. D.
3
3
3
a
V
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u 400. Cho lăng trụ
. ' ' 'ABC A B C
đáy tam giác đều cạnh
a
. Hình chiếu vuông góc của
điểm
'A
lên mặt phẳng
( ) ABC
trùng với trọng tâm tam giác
ABC
. Biết khoảng cách giữa hai
đường thẳng
'AA
BC
bằng
3
4
a
. Khi đó thể tích của khối lăng trụ là
A.
3
3
12
a
B.
3
3
6
a
C.
3
3
3
a
D.
3
3
24
a
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u 401. Cho lăng trụ đứng
.
ABC A B C
đáy tam giác vuông cân tại
B
,
2AC a
, biết góc
giữa
A BC
và đáy bằng
60
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ.
A.
3
3
2
a
V
. B.
3
3
3
a
V
. C.
3
3
6
a
V
.
D.
3
6
6
a
V
.
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u 402. Cho lăng trụ
.ABCD A B C D
đáy
ACBD
hình thoi cạnh
a
, biết
.A ABC
hình
chóp đều và
AD
hợp với mặt đáy một góc
45
. Thể tích khối lăng trụ
.ABCD A B C D
:
A.
3
a
. B.
3
6
12
a
. C.
3
3a
. D.
3
6
3
a
.
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Mức độ 3. Vận dụng
u 403. Cho khối chóp
.S ABC
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông cân cạnh huyền
BC a
SA
vuông góc với mặt phẳng đáy. Biết góc giữa mặt phẳng
SBC
mặt phẳng
ABC
bằng
45
.
Thể tích của hình chóp
.S ABC
là.
A.
3
.
2
8
S ABC
a
V
. B.
3
.
2
24
S ABC
a
V
. C.
3
.
8
S ABC
a
V
. D.
3
.
24
S ABC
a
V
.
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Mức độ 4. Vận dụng cao
u 404. Cho hình lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông tại
A
,
AB a
,
3AC a
.
Hình chiếu vuông góc của đỉnh
A
lên
ABC
trùng với tâm của đường tròn ngoại tiếp của tam
giác
ABC
. Trên cạnh
AC
lấy điểm
M
sao cho
2CM MA
. Biết khoảng cách giữa hai đường
thẳng
AM
BC
bằng
2
a
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối lăng trụ đã cho.
A.
3
3
2
a
V
. B.
3
Va
. C.
2
3
3
a
V
. D.
3
23
3
a
V
.
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u 405. Cho khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
, khoảng cách từ
C
đến đường thẳng
BB
bằng
2
, khoảng
cách từ
A
đến các đường thẳng
BB
CC
lần lượt bằng
1
3
, hình chiếu vuông góc của
A
lên mặt phẳng
ABC
trung điểm
M
của
BC

23
3
AM
. Thể tích của khối lăng trụ đã
cho bằng
A.
2
. B.
1
. C.
3
. D.
23
3
.
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u 406. Cho khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
. Khoảng cách từ
C
đến đường thẳng
BB
bằng
5
,
khoảng cách từ
A
đến các đường thẳng
BB
CC
lần lượt bằng
1
2
, hình chiếu vuông góc
của
A
lên mặt phẳng
ABC
trung điểm
M
của
BC

5AM
. Thể tích của khối lăng
trụ đã cho bằng
A.
25
3
. B.
2 15
3
. C.
5
. D.
15
3
.
Li gii
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u 407. Cho khối lăng trụ
.
ABC A B C
, khoảng cách từ
C
đến đường thẳng
BB
bằng
2
, khoảng
cách từ
A
đến các đường thẳng
BB
CC
lần lượt bằng
1
3
, hình chiếu vuông góc của
A
lên mặt phẳng
ABC
là trung điểm
M
của

BC
2
AM
. Thể tích của khối lăng trụ đã cho
A.
2
. B.
1
. C.
23
3
. D.
3
.
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A. THUYT
1. Đt vấn đề.
Trong nhiu bi toán, vic tính tr󰊁c ti󰉦p th tích khối đa diện như trong dng 1 c th gp kh
khăn v hai lí do:
Kh xác đ󰉬nh v tính đư󰉹c chiu cao.
Hoc tính đư󰉹c din tích đáy nhưng cng không d󰉩 dng.
Khi đ, ta c th lm theo các phương pp sau:
Phân chia khi cn tính th tích thnh t󰉱ng hoc hiu các khi b󰉘n (hnh chp hoc hnh
lăng tr󰉺) m các khi ny d󰉩 tính hơn.
So sánh th tích khi cn tính vi m󰉳t đa din khác đ bi󰉦t trưc hoc d󰉩 dng tính th tích.
Trong dng ny, ta thư󰉶ng hay s󰉿 d󰉺ng k󰉦t qu󰉘 c󰉻a bi toán:
2. Đ󰉬nh lý.
Cho hnh chp
.S ABC
. Ly
', ', 'A B C
tương 󰉽ng trên cnh
,,SA SB SC
. Khi đ:
. ' ' '
.
' ' '
..
S A B C
S ABC
V
SA SB SC
V SA SB SC
.
Ch󰉽ng minh.
K󰉤
''AH
v
AH
cng vuông gc vi mt ph󰉠ng
SBC
.
Trong đ:
''
B SC BSC
.
Khi đ:
' '/ /A H AH
v
, ',S H H
th󰉠ng hng.
Ta c:
''
. ' ' ' ' ' '
..
1
. ' '
3
1
.
3

SB C
S A B C A SB C
S ABC A SBC
SBC
S A H
VV
VV
S AH
1
'. '.sin . ' '
'. '. '
2
1
..
. .sin .
2
SB SC A H
SB SC SA
Ðpcm
SB SC SA
SB SC AH
.
3. Nhnt.
K󰉦t qu󰉘 trên v󰉜n đng n󰉦u như các điểm
', ', 'A B C
mà tha
', ', ' A A B B C C
.
Thông thư󰉶ng, đi vi loi ny, đ thư󰉶ng cho đim chia đon theo t l, song song, hnh chi󰉦u,
Phương pháp tỉ s th tích ch áp d󰉺ng cho hình chóp tam gc hoc t󰉽 din.
Đối vi hình chóp khác hay khối lăng tr󰉺 ta chia khối chp đ hay khối lăng tr󰉺 thành nhiu
khi chóp tam giác.
Áp d󰉺ng đ󰉬nh Melenaus: cho tam giác
.ABC
Các điểm
,,D E F
ln lư󰉹t nằm trên các đư󰉶ng th󰉠ng
, , .BC CA AB
Khi
đ
,,D E F
th󰉠ng hàng khi và ch khi
.. . 1
FA DB EC
FB DC EA
B. PHÂN DẠNG PHƯƠNG PP.
Loại 1. Tỉ số thể ch trong khối chp tam giác, t󰉽 diện.
1. Phương pháp.
Áp d󰉺ng tr󰊁c ti󰉦p bài toán trong hnh chp tam giác
.S ABC
. Ly
', ', 'A B C
tương 󰉽ng trên
cnh
,,SA SB SC
. Khi đ:
. ' ' '
.
' ' '
..
S A B C
S ABC
V
SA SB SC
V SA SB SC
.
S󰉿 d󰉺ng đ󰉬nh lý ta lét, đồng dạng để xut hin t l.
H'
H'
A
B
C
S
A'
B'
C'
E
B
C
A
F
D
§BI 4. T S TH TÍCH VÀ PHƯƠNG PHÁP GHÉP KHI
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2. d󰉺 minh họa.
d󰉺 1. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
tam giác
ABC
đều cạnh
2a
, cạnh bên
SA
vuông gc với mặt
ph󰉠ng đáy v
3SA a
. Gọi
,MN
lần lư󰉹t l trung điểm c󰉻a
SB
SC
. Tính thể tích khối chp
.S AMN
.ABCNM
. Từ đ suy ra tỉ số thể tích c󰉻a hai khối chp trên.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i.
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d󰉺 2. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
tam giác
ABC
đều cạnh
2a
, cạnh bên
SA
vuông gc với mặt
ph󰉠ng đáy v
3SA a
. Gọi
,MN
lần lư󰉹t l trung điểm c󰉻a
AB
AC
. Tính thể tích khối chp
..S AMN
L󰉶i gi󰉘i.
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Ví d󰉺 3. Cho hnh chp
.S ABC
c đáy
ABC
l tam giác vuông cân ti
,,B AB a SA ABC
, gc gi󰊀a
mp SBC
v
mp ABC
bng
0
30
. Gi
M
l trung đim c󰉻a cnh
SC
. Tính th tích khi chp
.S ABM
theo
a
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i.
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3. u hỏi trắc nghiệm.
M󰉽c đ󰉳 1. Nhận bi󰉦t
u 1. Cho t󰉽 din
MNPQ
. Gi
I
,
J
,
K
ln lư󰉹t l trung đim các cnh
MN
,
MP
,
MQ
.
Tính t s
MIJK
MNPQ
V
V
.
A.
1
6
. B.
1
8
. C.
1
3
. D.
1
4
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 2. Cho t󰉽 din
ABCD
. Gi
M
l trung điểm c󰉻a
AD
. Khi đ tỷ s th tích c󰉻a hai khi t󰉽 din
ABCM
ABCD
bng
A.
1
2
. B.
2
3
. C.
1
3
. D.
1
4
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 3. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
. Gọi
,,M N P
lần lư󰉹t l trung điểm c󰉻a
,,SA SB SC
.
Tỉ số thể tích
.
.MNP
S ABC
S
V
V
bằng:
A.
2
. B.
8
. C.
12
. D.
3
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 4. Cho khối chp
SABC
, trên ba cạnh
,,SA SB SC
lần lư󰉹t lấy ba điểm
,,A B C
sao cho
1 1 1
,,
2 3 5
SA SA SB SB SC SC
.
Gọi
V
V
lần lư󰉹t l thể tích c󰉻a các khối chp
SABC
SA B C
. Khi đ tỉ số
V
V
A.
1
15
. B.
1
30
. C.
15
. D.
30
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 5. Cho khối chp
.S ABC
c thể tích
V
. Các điểm
B
,
C
tương 󰉽ng l trung điểm các cạnh
SB
,
SC
. Thể tích khối chp
.S AB C

bằng.
A.
8
V
. B.
2
V
. C.
4
V
. D.
16
V
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 6. Cho khi t󰉽 din
ABCD
th tích
V
v điểm
E
nm trên cnh
AB
sao cho
3AE EB
.
Tính theo
V
th tích c󰉻a khi t󰉽 din
EBCD
.
A.
4
V
. B.
5
V
. C.
3
V
. D.
3
4
V
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 7. Cho khối chp
.S ABC
c ba cạnh
AS
,
AB
,
AC
đôi m󰉳t vuông gc với nhau v
AS a
,
2AB a
,
3AC a
. Gọi
M
,
N
lần lư󰉹t l trung điểm c󰉻a các cạnh
SB
SC
(tham kh󰉘o hnh
bên). Tính thể tích
V
c󰉻a khối chp
.S AMN
.
A.
3
3
2
a
V
. B.
3
3
4
a
V
. C.
3
2
a
V
. D.
3
4
a
V
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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M󰉽c đ󰉳 2. Thông Hiểu
u 8. Cho hình chóp tam giác các cạnh đôi m󰉳t vuông gc với nhau v
. Gọi lần lư󰉹t l trung điểm c󰉻a . Tính thể tích khối chp
bằng:
A. . B. . C. . D. .
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 9. Cho t󰉽 diện
ABCD
. Gọi
M
,
N
lần lư󰉹t l trung điểm c󰉻a
AB
,
BD
.
Khi đ tỉ số thể tích c󰉻a khối đa diện
BMCN
v khối t󰉽 diện
ABCD
bằng
A.
1
4
. B.
1
6
. C.
1
3
. D.
1
2
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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.S ABC
;;SA SB SC
6; 4; 5SA SB SC
,MN
,AB AC
.S MBCN
30
5
15
45
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u 10. Cho khi t󰉽 din
ABCD
th tích bng
V
. Gi
M
l trung điểm cnh
AB
,
N
thu󰉳c
cnh
AC
sao cho
2AN NC
,
P
thu󰉳c cnh
AD
sao cho
3PD AP
. Th tích c󰉻a khối đa diện
.MNP BCD
tính theo
V
A.
21
24
V
. B.
5
6
V
. C.
7
8
V
. D.
11
12
V
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 11. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
c đáy
ABC
là tam giác vuông ti
A
, vi
AB a
,
3AC a
, cnh
bên
2SA a
vuông góc với đáy. Gọi
M
l trung điểm c󰉻a
SB
,
N
trên cnh
SC
sao cho
2SN NC
. Tính th tích khi chóp
.S AMN
theo
a
.
A.
3
6
18
a
V
. B.
3
6
9
a
V
. C.
3
6
a
V
. D.
3
6
2
a
V
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 12. Cho hình chóp
SABC
c đáy l tam giác đều cnh
a
,
SA ABC
, hình chi󰉦u vuông góc
c󰉻a
A
trên
,SB SC
ln lư󰉹t
,MN
. Bi󰉦t
,MN
l trung điểm c󰉻a các đoạn th󰉠ng
,SB SC
. Tính
th tích khi chóp
.ABCMN
A.
3
3
12
a
. B.
3
3
16
a
. C.
3
3
48
a
. D.
3
3
4
a
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 13. Cho hnh chp đều
.S ABC
c cạnh đáy bằng
a
, cạnh bên bằng
2a
. Gọi
M
l trung điểm
SB
,
N
l điểm trên đoạn
SC
sao cho
2NS NC
. Tính thể tích
V
c󰉻a khối chp
..ABCNM
A.
3
11
36
a
V
. B.
3
11
16
a
V
. C.
3
11
24
a
V
. D.
3
11
18
a
V
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i.
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M󰉽c đ󰉳 3. Vận d󰉺ng
u 14. Cho t󰉽 diện
ABCD
c các cạnh
,AB
AC
AD
đôi m󰉳t vuông gc. Các điểm
,,M N P
lần lư󰉹t l trung điểm các đoạn th󰉠ng
, , .BC CD BD
Bi󰉦t rằng
4AB a
,
6AC a
,
7AD a
. Tính
thể tích
V
c󰉻a khối t󰉽 diện
AMNP
.
A.
3
7.Va
B.
3
28 .Va
C.
3
14 .Va
D.
3
21 .Va
L󰉶i gi󰉘i.
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u 15. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
c thể ch
V
. Gọi
P
,
Q
lần lư󰉹t l trung điểm c󰉻a
SB
,
SC
G
l trọng tâm tam giác
ABC
. Tính thể tích c󰉻a hnh chp
.G APQ
theo
V
.
A.
1
8
V
. B.
1
12
V
. C.
1
6
V
. D.
3
.
8
V
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 16. Cho khối chp
.S ABC
c thể tích bằng
16.
Gọi
, , M N P
lần lư󰉹t l trung điểm các cạnh
, , .SA SB SC
Tính thể tích
V
c󰉻a khối t󰉽 diện
.AMNP
A.
2.V
B.
4.V
C.
6.V
D.
8.V
L󰉶i gi󰉘i.
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u 17. Cho khối t󰉽 diện
ABCD
c thể tích
V
. Gọi
1 2 3 4
, , ,G G G G
l trọng tâm c󰉻a bốn mặt c󰉻a t󰉽
diện
ABCD
. Thể tích khối t󰉽 diện
1 2 3 4
G G G G
A.
12
V
B.
4
V
C.
27
V
D.
18
V
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 18. Cho t󰉽 diện
ABCD
c thể ch
V
. Gọi
'V
l thể tích c󰉻a khối t󰉽 diện c các đỉnh l trọng
tâm c󰉻a các mặt c󰉻a khối t󰉽 diện
.ABCD
Tính tỉ số
'
.
V
V
A.
'8
.
27
V
V
B.
' 23
.
27
V
V
C.
'1
.
27
V
V
D.
'4
.
27
V
V
L󰉶i gi󰉘i.
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u 19. Cho t󰉽 diện
ABCD
,,AB AC AD
đôi m󰉳t vuông gc v
6 , 9 ,AB a AC a
3AD a
.
Gọi
,,M N P
lần lư󰉹t l trọng tâm c󰉻a các tam giác
,,ABC ACD ADB
. Tính thể tích
V
c󰉻a khối
t󰉽 diện
AMNP
.
A.
3
8.Va
B.
3
4.Va
C.
3
6.Va
D.
3
2.Va
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L󰉶i gi󰉘i.
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u 20. Cho khi t󰉽 din
ABCD
có th tích là
V
.
Gi
, , ,M N P Q
lần lư󰉹t l trung điểm c󰉻a
, , ,AC AD BD BC
. Th tích khi chóp
AMNPQ
A.
6
V
. B.
3
V
. C.
4
V
. D.
3
8
V
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 21. Cho khối t󰉽 diện c thể tích bằng
V
. Gọi
V
l thể tích c󰉻a khối đa diện c các đỉnh l
trung điểm c󰉻a các cạnh c󰉻a khối t󰉽 diện đ cho, tính tỉ số
V
V
.
A.
1
2
. B.
1
4
. C.
2
3
. D.
5
8
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 22. Cho khối t󰉽 diện c thể tích bằng
V
. Gọi
V
l thể tích c󰉻a khối đa diện c các đỉnh l các
trung điểm c󰉻a các cạnh c󰉻a khối t󰉽 diện đ cho. Tính tỉ số
V
V
.
A.
1
2
V
V
. B.
1
4
V
V
. C.
2
3
V
V
. D.
5
8
V
V
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 23. Cho khi chóp
.S ABC
3, 4, 5,SA SB SC
0
60ASB BSC CSA
. Tính th tích
c󰉻a khi chóp
.S ABC
?
A.
52
. B.
53
. C.
10
. D.
15
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 24. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
3, 4, 5SA SB SC
0
60 .ASB BSC CSA
Tính thể tích
V
c󰉻a khối chp đ cho.
A.
5 2.V
B.
5 3.V
C.
10.V
D.
15.V
L󰉶i gi󰉘i.
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u 25. Cho khối chp
.S ABC
60ASB BSC CSA
,
SA a
,
2SB a
,
4SC a
. Tính thể tích
khối chp
.S ABC
theo
a
.
A.
3
22
3
a
. B.
3
82
3
a
. C.
3
42
3
a
. D.
3
2
3
a
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 26. Cho t󰉽 diện
ABCD
. Hai điểm
M
,
N
lần lư󰉹t di đ󰉳ng trên hai đoạn th󰉠ng
BC
BD
sao
cho
2 3 10
BC BD
BM BN

. Gọi
1
V
,
2
V
lần lư󰉹t l thể tích c󰉻a các khối t󰉽 diện
ABMN
ABCD
. Tìm
giá tr󰉬 nhỏ nhất c󰉻a
1
2
V
V
.
A.
3
8
. B.
5
8
. C.
2
7
. D.
6
25
.
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L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 27. Cho t󰉽 din
SABC
G
trng tâm t󰉽 din, mt ph󰉠ng quay quanh
AG
ct các cnh
,SB SC
lần lư󰉹t ti
,MN
. Giá tr󰉬 nh nht c󰉻a t s
.
.
S AM N
S AB C
V
V
là?
A.
4
9
. B.
3
8
. C.
1
3
. D.
1
2
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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Dạng 2. Tỉ số thể tích trong khối chp t󰉽 giác.
1. Phương pháp.
Chia khi chóp t giác thành hai khi chóp tam giác, khi đ:
. . .S ABCD S ABC S ACD
V V V
. . .S A B C D S A B C S A C D
V V V

Áp dng các công thức nhanh để làm trc nghim
Đặt
, , ,
SA SB SC SD
a b c d
SA SB SC SD
vi
a c b d
.
Khi đó
.
.
4
S A B C D
S ABCD
V
a b c d
V abcd
Nếu
//ABCD A B C D
thì
3
.
.
1
.
S A B C D
S ABCD
V
Va



2. M󰉳t số phương pháp d󰊁ng thi󰉦t diện.
D󰊁ng thi󰉦t din bng tính cht ct trong, ct ngoài.
3. d󰉺 minh họa.
Ví d󰉺 4. Cho khi chp t󰉽 giác đều
.S ABCD
. M󰉳t mt ph󰉠ng
qua
,AB
v trung điểm
M
c󰉻a
SC
.
Tính t s th tích c󰉻a hai phn khi chp b󰉬 phân chia b󰉷i mt ph󰉠ng đ.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i.
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Ví d󰉺 5. Cho khi chp
.S ABCD
c đáy l hnh hnh. Gọi
''
,BD
lần lư󰉹t l trung điểm c󰉻a
,SB SD
.
Mặt ph󰉠ng
''
AB D
cắt
SC
tại
'
C
. Tìm tỉ số thể tích c󰉻a hai khối chp
' ' '
.S ABC D
..S ABCD
L󰉶i gi󰉘i.
C
A
D
B
S
A'
B'
C'
D'
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d󰉺 6. Cho khi chp
.S ABCD
c đáy l hnh hnh. Gọi
,,M N P
lần lư󰉹t l trung điểm c󰉻a
,AB AD
SC
. Ch󰉽ng minh rằng mặt ph󰉠ng
MNP
chia khối chp thnh hai phần c thể tích
bằng nhau.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i.
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4. u hỏi trắc nghiệm.
M󰉽c đ󰉳 2. Thông hiểu
u 28. Cho hnh chp t󰉽 giác
.S ABCD
,M
,N
,P
Q
lần lư󰉹t l trung điểm các cạnh
,SA
,SB
,SC
SD
. Bi󰉦t khối chp
.S ABCD
c thể tích l
3
16a
. Tính thể tích khối chp
.S MNPQ
theo
a
.
A.
3
2a
. B.
3
a
. C.
3
8a
. D.
3
4a
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 29. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
. Gọi
A
,
B
,
C
,
D
theo th󰉽 t󰊁 l trung điểm c󰉻a
SA
,
SB
,
SC
,
SD
. Tính tỉ số thể tích c󰉻a hai khối chp
.S A B C D
.S ABCD
.
A.
1
16
. B.
1
4
. C.
1
8
. D.
1
2
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 30. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
c đáy l hnh vuông, cạnh bên
SA
vuông gc với đáy. Gọi
M
,
N
l trung điểm c󰉻a
SA
,
SB
. Mặt ph󰉠ng
MNCD
chia hnh chp đ cho thnh hai phần. tỉ số thể tích
hai phần
.S MNCD
MNABCD
A.
3
4
. B.
3
5
. C.
4
5
. D.
1
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 31. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
. Gọi
M
,
N
,
P
,
Q
theo th󰉽 t󰊁 l trung điểm c󰉻a
SA
,
SB
,
SC
,
SD
. Tính tỉ số thể tích c󰉻a hai khối chp
.S MNPQ
.S ABCD
bằng
A.
1
8
. B.
1
2
. C.
1
4
. D.
1
16
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 32. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
c đáy
ABCD
là hình vuông.
Gọi
E
,
F
lần lư󰉹t l trung điểm c󰉻a
SB
,
SD
. Tỉ số
.
.
S AEF
S ABCD
V
V
bằng:
A.
1
4
. B.
3
8
. C.
1
8
. D.
1
2
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 33. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
c đáy
ABCD
hình bình hành.
M
l trung điểm
SB
G
trọng tâm c󰉻a tam giác
SBC
. Gọi
V
,
V
lần lư󰉹t l thể tích c󰉻a các khối chp
.M ABC
.G ABD
,
tính tỉ số
V
V
A.
3
2
V
V
. B.
4
3
V
V
. C.
5
3
V
V
. D.
2
3
V
V
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 34. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
c đáy l hnh bnh hnh v c thể tích
48
. Trên các cạnh
SA
,
SB
,
SC
,
SD
lần lư󰉹t lấy các điểm
A
,
B
,
C
D
sao cho
1
3
SA SC
SA SC


3
4
SB SD
SB SD


. Tính thể
tích
V
c󰉻a khối đa diện lồi
SA B C D
.
A.
4V
. B.
6V
. C.
3
2
V
. D.
9V
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 35. Cho hnh chp t󰉽 giác đều c cạnh đáy bằng
1
, chiều cao bằng
2
. Xét đa diện lồi
H
có các
đỉnh l trung điểm tất c󰉘 các cạnh c󰉻a hnh chp đ. Tính thể tích c󰉻a
H
.
A.
9
2
. B.
4
. C.
23
. D.
5
12
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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M󰉽c đ󰉳 3. Vận d󰉺ng
u 36. Cho hnh chp tam giác đều
.S ABC
. Gọi
M
,
N
lần lư󰉹t l trung điểm c󰉻a
BC
,
SM
. Mặt
ph󰉠ng
ABN
cắt
SC
tại
E
. Gọi
2
V
l thể tích c󰉻a khối chp
.S ABE
1
V
l thể tích khối chp
.S ABC
. Kh󰉠ng đ󰉬nh no sau đây đng?
A.
21
1
4
VV
. B.
21
1
3
VV
. C.
21
1
6
VV
. D.
21
1
8
VV
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 37. Cho t󰉽 diện đều
ABCD
c cạnh bằng
a
. Gọi
,MN
lần lư󰉹t l trung điểm c󰉻a các cạnh
,AB BC
E
l điểm đối x󰉽ng với
B
qua
D
. Mặt ph󰉠ng
MNE
chia khối t󰉽 diện
ABCD
thành
hai khối đa diện, trong đ khối đa diện ch󰉽a đỉnh
A
c thể tích
.V
Tính
.V
A.
3
72
.
216
a
V
B.
3
11 2
.
216
a
V
C.
3
13 2
.
216
a
V
D.
3
2
.
18
a
V
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 38. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
ABCD
l hnh bnh hnh, M l điểm đối x󰉽ng vi
C
qua
B
.
N
l trung điểm
SC
. Mt ph󰉠ng
MND
chia hình chóp thành hai khối đa diện (tham kh󰉘o hình
v󰉤 bên). Gi
1
V
là th tích khối đa diện ch󰉽a đỉnh
S
2
V
là th󰉤 tích khối đa diện còn li.
Tính t s
1
2
V
V
?
A.
1
2
5
3
V
V
. B.
1
2
12
7
V
V
. C.
1
2
1
5
V
V
. D.
1
2
7
5
V
V
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 39. Cho t󰉽 diện đều
ABCD
cnh bng
a
. Gi
,MN
lần lư󰉹t trng m các tam giác
,ABD ABC
E
l điểm đi x󰉽ng vi
B
qua
D
. Mt
MNE
chia khi t󰉽 din
ABCD
thành hai
khối đa diện trong đ khối đa diện ch󰉽a đỉnh
A
có th tích
V
. Tính
V
.
A.
3
92
320
a
V
. B.
3
32
320
a
V
. C.
3
2
96
a
V
. D.
3
32
80
a
V
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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D󰊁ng thi󰉦t din bng tính cht song song.
1. Phương pháp.
Định lý 1. Cho đư󰉶ng th󰉠ng song song với mặt ph󰉠ng .
N󰉦u mặt ph󰉠ng đi qua v cắt theo giao tuy󰉦n thì
.
Kí hiu
()
()
( ) ( )
d
d d d
d



.
Đ󰉬nh lý 2. N󰉦u hai mt ph󰉠ng phân bit lần lư󰉹t ch󰉽a hai
đư󰉶ng th󰉠ng song song thì giao tuy󰉦n c󰉻a chúng (n󰉦u c) cng
song song với hai đư󰉶ng th󰉠ng đ hoặc trùng vi m󰉳t trong
hai đư󰉶ng th󰉠ng đ.
Kí hiu:
/ / / /
b
a a b c
c
2. Ví d󰉺 minh họa
Ví d󰉺 7. Cho hình chóp t󰉽 giác đều
.S ABCD
, đáy là hình vuông cnh
a
, cnh bên to với đáy gc
60
0
. Gi
M
l trung điểm
SC
. Mt ph󰉠ng đi qua
AM
song song vi
BD
, ct
SB
ti
E
ct
SD
ti
F
. Tính th tích khi chp
.S AEMF
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i.
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d
d
'd
'dd
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Ví d󰉺 8. Cho hnh chp
.S ABC
c đáy l
ABC
vuông cân 󰉷
, 2, , B AC a SA mp ABC SA a
.
a). Tính th tích khi chp
.S ABC
.
b). Gi
G
l trng tâm c󰉻a
SBC
,
mp
đi qua
AG
v song song vi
BC
ct
,SC SB
lần lư󰉹t ti
,MN
. Tính th tích khi chp
.S AMN
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i.
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Ví d󰉺 9. Cho điểm
M
trên cạnh
SA
, điểm
N
trên cạnh
SB
c󰉻a khối chp tam giác
.S ABC
sao cho
1
, 2.
2

SM SN
MA NB
Mặt ph󰉠ng
đi qua
MN
v song song vi
SC
chia khối chp thnh hai phần.
Tm tỉ số thể tích c󰉻a hai phần đ.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i.
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Ví d󰉺 10. Cho hnh chp t󰉽 giác c thể tích bằng . Lấy điểm trên cạnh sao cho
. Mặt ph󰉠ng qua v song song với mặt đáy c󰉻a hnh chp cắt các cạnh
lần lư󰉹t tại . Tính thể tích chp
p .
L󰉶i gi󰉘i.
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.S ABCD
V
A
SA
1
3
SA SA
A
,,SB SC SD
,,B C D
.S A B C D
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5. u hỏi trắc nghiệm.
M󰉽c đ󰉳 1. Nhận bi󰉦t
u 40. Cho t󰉽 diện
ABCD
, bi󰉦t tam giác
BCD
c diện tích bằng 16. Mặt ph󰉠ng
P
đi qua trung
điểm c󰉻a
AB
v song song với mặt ph󰉠ng
BCD
cắt t󰉽 diện theo m󰉳t thi󰉦t diện c diện tích l
A.
12
. B.
4.
C.
8
. D.
16
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 41. Cho hnh chp đều
.S ABC
c tất c󰉘 các cạnh bằng
a
. Mặt ph󰉠ng
P
song song với mặt
đáy
ABC
v cắt các cạnh bên
,,SA SB SC
lần lư󰉹t tại
,,M N P
. Tính diện tích tam giác
MNP
bi󰉦t mặt ph󰉠ng
P
chia khối chp đ cho thnh hai phần c thể tích bằng nhau.
A.
2
3
.
8
MNP
a
S
B.
2
3
.
16
MNP
a
S
C.
2
3
3
.
42
MNP
a
S
D.
2
3
3
.
44
MNP
a
S
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 42. Mặt ph󰉠ng đi qua trọng tâm c󰉻a t󰉽 diện, song song với m󰉳t mặt ph󰉠ng c󰉻a t󰉽 diện v chia
khối t󰉽 diện thnh hai phần. Tính tỉ số thể tích (phần bé chia phần lớn) c󰉻a hai phần đ.
A.
2
.
3
B.
5
.
7
C.
27
.
37
D.
3
.
4
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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u 43. Cho t󰉽 diện đều
SABC
c cạnh bằng
1
. Mặt ph󰉠ng
P
đi qua điểm
S
v trọng tâm
G
c󰉻a tam giác
ABC
cắt các cạnh
,AB AC
lần lư󰉹t tại
,MN
. Tính thể tích nhỏ nhất
min
V
c󰉻a khối
t󰉽 diện
.SAMN
A.
min
2
.
18
V
B.
min
4
.
9
V
C.
min
2
.
27
V
D.
min
2
.
36
V
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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D󰊁ng thi󰉦t din bng tính cht vuông góc.
1. Phương pháp.
Bài toán 1. D󰊁ng mt ph󰉠ng
()P
đi qua điểm
O
cho trước
và vuông góc với đư󰉶ng th󰉠ng
d
.
ch d󰊁ng.
Ta d󰊁ng hai đư󰉶ng th󰉠ng
,ab
ct nhau cùng nm trong mt
ph󰉠ng
()P
và vuông góc vi
d
Trong đ, c ít nhất m󰉳t đư󰉶ng th󰉠ng qua
O
.
2. Phương pháp.
d󰉺 11. Cho hnh chp
.S ABC
c đáy l
ABC
đều cnh
a
v
SA ABC
,
2SA a
. Gi
,HK
ln
󰉹t l hnh chi󰉦u vuông gc c󰉻a điểm
A
lần lư󰉹t lên cnh
,SB SC
. Tính th tích khi
.ABCKH
theo
a
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i.
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Ví d󰉺 12. Cho hnh chp
.S ABCD
đáy l hnh vuông
ABCD
cnh
a
, mt bên
SAD
l tam giác đều v
nm trong mt ph󰉠ng vuông gc vi đáy
ABCD
. Gi
,,M N P
lần lư󰉹t l trung điểm c󰉻a
,,SB BC CD
. Tính th tích khi t󰉽 din
CMNP
. (Trích đề thi tuyn sinh Đại học)
L󰉶i gi󰉘i.
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d󰉺 13. Cho hnh chp
.S ABCD
c đáy
ABCD
l hnh ch󰊀 nht vi
, 2, AB a AD a SA a
v
SA
vuông gc vi mt ph󰉠ng đáy. Gi
,MN
lần lư󰉹t l trung điểm c󰉻a
,AD SC
v
I
l giao điểm
c󰉻a
BM
v
AC
. Tính th tích khi t󰉽 din
ANIB
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i.
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3. u hỏi trắc nghiệm.
M󰉽c đ󰉳 3. Vận d󰉺ng
u 44. Cho hình chóp tam giác
.S ABC
c đáy
ABC
l tam giác đều cạnh
a
,
2SA a
,
SA
vuông
gc với mặt ph󰉠ng
ABC
. Gọi
M
N
lần lư󰉹t l hnh chi󰉦u vuông gc c󰉻a
A
lên các đư󰉶ng
th󰉠ng
,SB SC
. Tính
3
50 3V
a
, với
V
l thể tích khối chp
ABCNM
.
A.
12
. B.
10
. C.
11
. D.
9
.
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L󰉶i gi󰉘i.
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u 45. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
SC ABC
,
3SC a
. Tam giác
ABC
vuông cân ti
B
,
3AB a
. Mt ph󰉠ng đi qua
C
vuông góc vi
,SA
ct
,SA SB
ln lư󰉹t ti
,.DE
Tính t s
th tích khi chóp
.S CDE
v khi chp
.S ABC
.
A.
9
11
. B.
9
20
. C.
7
20
. D.
15
12
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i.
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Câu 46. Cho tam giác
ABC
vuông cân 󰉷
A
AB a
. Trên đư󰉶ng th󰉠ng qua
C
v vuông gc vi
ABC
lấy đim
D
sao cho
CD a
. Mặt ph󰉠ng
qua
C
v vuông gc với
BD
, ct
BD
ti
F
ct
AD
ti
E
. Tính th tích
V
c󰉻a khi t󰉽 din
CDEF
.
A.
3
6
a
V
. B.
3
24
a
V
. C.
3
36
a
V
. D.
3
54
a
V
.
L󰉶i gi󰉘i.
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u 47. Cho hình chóp c đáy l tam giác cân ti A, mt bên l tam giác đều và nm
trong mt ph󰉠ng vuông góc với đáy. Gọi mt ph󰉠ng đi qua điểm vuông góc vi ,
chia khi chóp thành hai phn. Tính t s th tích c󰉻a hai phần đ
A. . B. . C. . D. .
L󰉶i gi󰉘i.
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.S ABC
SBC
B
SC
1
2
1
3
2
3
1
4
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u 48. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
00
6, 2, 4, 2 10, 90 , 120SA SB SC AB SBC ASC
Gi
P
mt ph󰉠ng đi qua
B
v trung điểm
N
c󰉻a
SC
đồng th󰉶i vuông góc vi mt ph󰉠ng
SAC
và ct
SA
ti
M
. Tính
.
.
S BMN
S ABC
V
k
V
A.
2
9
B.
2
5
C.
1
6
D.
1
4
L󰉶i gi󰉘i
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Loại 2. Tỉ số thể tích của khối lăng trụ.
1. Phương pháp.
A. Đối với lăng trụ tam giác được to thành t các đỉnh ca
khi tr.
Gi
V
là th tích khối lăng trụ tam giác
..ABC A B C
1
V
th tích khi chóp to thành t
4
trong
6
đỉnh ca
lăng trụ.
2
V
th tích khi chóp to thành t
5
trong
6
đỉnh ca
lăng trụ.
Khi đó:
Th tích ca
1
.
3
V
V
Ví d:
.
3
A ABC
V
V
hoc
.
3
A B BC
V
V

Th tích ca
2
2
.
3
V
V
Ví d:
.
2
3
A C ABC
V
V

hoc
.
2
3
A B ABC
V
V

B. Đối với lăng trụ tam giác được to thành t các điểm nm trên
các cnh ca khi
Khối lăng trụ tam giác
.ABC A B C
1 1 1
,,A B C
ba điểm bt
k trên các cnh
, , .AA BB CC
Đặt
1 1 1
,,
A A B B C C
abc
A A B B C C


.
Khi đó
1 1 1
.
.
3
ABC A B C
ABC A B C
V
abc
V

C. T s th tích ca khi hp.
Cho khối lăng hộp t giác
..ABCd A B C D
Mt phng
bt
k ct cát cnh
, , ,AA BB CC DD
lần lượt ti
1
A
234
, , ,A A A
.
Đặt
1 1 1 1
, , ,
A A B B C C D D
a b c d
A A B B C C D D
.
Khi đó
1 1 1 1
.
.
.
22
ABCD A B C D
ABCD A B C D
V
a c b d
V


Đặt bit:
Gi
V
là th tích khi hp khi
..ABCD A B C D
4
V
là th tích khi chóp to thành t
4
trong
8
đỉnh ca khi hp.
Khi đó:
Bốn đỉnh to thành t hai mt phng song song có th tích
4
.
3
V
V
Ví d:
3
A C BD
V
V

Bốn đỉnh to thành t bốn điểm bt k (còn li) có th tích
2
.
6
V
V
Ví d:
6
A C D D
V
V
hoc
.
3
A B ABC
V
V

2. dụ minh họa.
B'
C'
B
C
A
A'
B'
C'
A
C
B
A'
A
1
B
1
C
1
D'
C'
B'
C
B
D
A
A'
A
1
B
1
C
1
D
1
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Mức độ 1. Nhận biết
u 49. Cho hình hộp chữ nhật
.ABCD A B C D
AB a
,
BC a
,
2AA a
. Tính thể tích khối
ABCDB C D
.
A.
3
2a
. B.
3
5
3
a
. C.
3
10
3
a
. D.
3
5
2
a
.
Li gii
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u 50. Cho
. ' ' ' 'ABCD A B C D
là hình lập phương có cạnh là
.a
Tính thể tích của khối tứ diện
''ACD B
.
A.
3
4
a
. B.
3
6
a
. C.
3
3
a
. D.
3
2
a
.
Li gii
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u 51. Cho hình lập phương
.ABCD A B C D
cạnh bằng
a
. Thể tích khối chóp
.A B CC

bằng
bào nhiêu?
A.
3
3
a
. B.
3
6
a
. C.
3
2
3
a
. D.
3
4
a
.
Li gii
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u 52. Cho lăng trụ đứng
. ' ' 'ABC A B C
đáy tam giác đều cạnh
a
cạnh bên
'2AA a
. Tính
thể tích
V
của khối chóp
'. 'A BCC
.
A.
3
3
6
a
V
. B.
3
3
12
a
V
. C.
3
3
3
a
V
. D.
3
3
18
a
V
.
Li gii
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u 53. Cho lăng trụ
. ' ' 'ABC A B C
. Tỉ số thể tích của khối tứ diện
' ' 'AA B C
'ABCC
A.
1
. B.
2
3
. C.
1
3
. D.
1
2
.
Li gii
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u 54. Cho lăng trụ
. ' ' 'ABC A B C
. Tỉ số thể tích của khối chóp
' ' 'AA B C
. ' 'ABCC B
A.
1
. B.
2
3
. C.
1
3
. D.
1
2
.
Li gii
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u 55. Gọi
V
thể tích của khối hộp
.ABCD A B C D
V
thể tích của khối đa diện
.A ABC D
. Tính tỉ số
V
V
.
A.
2
5
V
V
. B.
2
7
V
V
. C.
1
3
V
V
. D.
1
4
V
V
.
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Li gii
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u 56. Cho hình hộp chữ nhật độ dài các cạnh
3
,
4
,
5
. Nối tâm
6
mặt của hình hộp chữ nhật
ta được khối
8
mặt. Thể tích khối
8
mặt đó là:
A.
10
. B.
10 2
. C.
12
. D.
75
12
.
Li gii
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u 57. Cho khối lăng trụ tam giác
.ABC A B C
. Gọi
M
,
N
lần lượt trung điểm của
BB
CC
. Mặt phẳng
A MN
chia khối lăng trụ thành hai khối đa diện. Gọi
1
V
thể tích của khối đa
diện chứa đỉnh
B
2
V
là thể tích khối đa diện còn lại. Tính tỉ số
1
2
V
V
.
A.
13
3
S
. B.
1
2
2
V
V
. C.
1
2
3
V
V
. D.
1
2
5
2
V
V
.
Li gii
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u 58. Xét khối lăng trụ tam giác
.ABC A B C
. Mặt phẳng đi qua
C
các trung điểm của
AA
,
BB
chia khối lăng trụ thành hai phần có tỉ số thể tích bằng:
A.
2
3
. B.
1
2
. C.
1
. D.
1
3
.
Li gii
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u 59. Cho lăng trụ
. ' ' 'ABC A B C
diện ch đáy
ABC
bằng
1
, khoảng cách từ
'A
đến mặt đáy
bằng
2
. Thể tích của khối chóp
'. ' 'A BCC B
bằng
A.
1
3
. B.
2
3
. C.
4
3
. D.
4
9
.
Li gii
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u 60. Cho khối lăng trụ đứng
. ' ' 'ABC A B C
',BB a
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông cân tại
B
2AC a
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối tứ diện
''C ABB
.
A.
3
Va
. B.
3
3
a
V
. C.
3
6
a
V
. D.
3
2
a
V
.
Li gii
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Mức độ 3. Vận dụng
u 61. Cho hình lăng trụ tam giác
.
ABC A B C
. Gọi
M
,
N
lần lượt trung điểm của
BB
,
CC
.
Mặt phẳng
A MN
chia khối lăng trụ thành hai phần, đặt
1
V
thể tích của phần đa diện chứa
điểm
B
,
2
V
là phần còn lại. Tính tỉ số
1
2
V
V
.
A.
1
2
7
2
V
V
. B.
1
2
2
V
V
. C.
1
2
3
V
V
. D.
1
2
5
2
V
V
.
Li gii
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u 62. Cho khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
thể tích bằng 2018. Gọi
M
là trung điểm
AA
;
,NP
lần
lượt các điểm nằm trên các cạnh
BB
,
CC
sao cho
2BN B N
,
3CP C P
. Tính thể tích khối
đa diện
.ABC MNP
.
A.
32288
27
. B.
40360
27
. C.
4036
3
. D.
23207
18
.
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u 63. Cho hình lăng trụ tam giác đều
.ABC A B C
có tất cả các cạnh bằng
a
. Gọi
M
,
N
lần lượt
là trung điểm của các cạnh
AB
BC

. Mặt phẳng
A MN
cắt cạnh
BC
tại
P
. Tính thể tích của
khối đa diện
.MBP A B N

A.
3
3
24
a
. B.
3
3
12
a
. C.
3
73
96
a
. D.
3
73
32
a
.
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u 64. Cho hình hộp
.ABCD A B C D
. Tỉ số thể tích của khối tứ diện
ACB D

và khối hộp
.ABCD A B C D
.
A.
2
3
. B.
1
6
. C.
1
3
. D.
1
2
.
Li gii
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u 65. Cho khối hộp
.ABCD A B C D
. Tính tỉ số thể tích của khối hộp đó và khối tứ diện
ACB D

A.
7
3
. B. 3. C.
8
3
. D. 2.
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u 66. Cho hình hộp
.ABCD A B C D
. Tính tỉ số thể tích của khối tứ diện
A C BD

khối hộp
.ABCD A B C D
.
A.
1
3
. B.
1
6
. C.
1
2
. D.
1
4
.
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u 67. Một hình hộp chữ nhật
.ABCD A B C D
ba kích thước
2cm
,
3cm
6cm
. Thể tích
của khối tứ diện
ACB D

bằng
A.
3
12cm
. B.
3
8cm
. C.
3
6cm
. D.
3
4cm
.
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u 68. Cho hình lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
thể tích
V
. Gọi
M
điểm thuộc cạnh
CC
sao cho
3CM C M
. Tính thể tích
V
của khối chóp
.M ABC
A.
4
V
. B.
3
4
V
. C.
12
V
. D.
6
V
.
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u 69. Cho hình lăng trụ tam giác
.ABC A B C
thể tích bằng
V
.
M
,
N
lần lượt hai điểm
trên
,BB CC

sao cho
2
MB NC
MB NC


thể tích của khối
ABCMN
bằng:
A.
3
V
. B.
2
9
V
. C.
2
5
V
. D.
5
V
.
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u 70. Cho khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
thể tích
V
, điểm
P
thuộc cạnh
AA
,
Q
thuộc
BB
sao
cho
1
3
PA QB
PA QB

;
R
là trung điểm
CC
. Tính thể tích khối chóp tứ giác
.R ABQP
theo
V
.
A.
1
3
V
. B.
2
3
V
. C.
3
4
V
. D.
1
2
V
.
Li gii
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u 71. Cho lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
thể tích
V
. Điểm
M
trung điểm cạnh
AA
. Tính theo
V
thể tích khối chóp
.M BCC B

.
A.
2
3
V
. B.
3
4
V
. C.
3
V
. D.
2
V
.
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u 72. Cho khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
. Gọi
M
trung điểm của
BB
,
N
điểm trên cạnh
CC
sao cho
3CN NC
. Mặt phẳng
()AMN
chia khối lăng trụ thành hai phần thể tích
1
V
2
V
như
hình vẽ. Tính tỉ số
1
2
V
V
.
A.
1
2
5
3
V
V
. B.
1
2
3
2
V
V
. C.
1
2
4
3
V
V
. D.
1
2
7
5
V
V
.
Li gii
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277
Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 73. Xét khối lăng trụ tam giác
.ABC A B C
. Mặt phẳng đi qua
C
các trung điểm của
,AA
BB
chia khối lăng trụ thành hai phần có tỉ số thể tích bằng:
A.
1
2
. B.
1
3
. C.
2
3
. D.
1
.
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u 74. Cho khối lăng trụ tam giác
.ABC A B C
. Gọi
M
,
N
lần lượt trung điểm của
BB
CC
. Mặt phẳng
AMN
chia khối lăng trụ thành hai phần. Gọi
1
V
thể tích của khối đa diện
chứa đỉnh
B
2
V
là thể tích khối đa diện còn lại. Tính tỉ số
1
2
V
V
.
A.
1
2
7
2
V
V
. B.
1
2
2
V
V
. C.
1
2
1
3
V
V
. D.
1
2
5
2
V
V
.
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u 75. Cho lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
. Gọi
,MN
lần lượt trung điểm của
AA
,
BB
. Mặt phẳng
CMN
chia khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
thành hai khối đa diện có thể tích
12
,VV
(với
12
VV
).
Tính tỉ số
1
2
V
V
.
A.
1
2
1
2
V
V
. B.
1
2
1
3
V
V
. C.
1
2
2
3
V
V
. D.
1
2
2
5
V
V
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u 76. Cho khối lăng trụ
. ' ' 'ABC A B C
0
135 ,ACB
10
';
4
a
CC
2AC a
BC a
. Hình
chiếu vuông góc của
'C
lên mặt phẳng
ABC
trùng với trung điểm
M
của đoạn thẳng
AB
. Tính
theo
a
thể tích
V
của khối đa diện
''A B ABC
.
A.
3
6
12
a
V
. B.
3
6
24
a
V
. C.
3
6
16
a
V
. D.
3
6
8
a
V
.
Li gii
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 77. Cho khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
thể tích bằng
3
9a
M
điểm nằm trên cạnh
CC
sao
cho
2MC MC
. Tính thể tích khối tứ diện
AB CM
theo
a
.
A.
3
2a
. B.
3
4a
. C.
3
3a
. D.
3
a
.
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u 78.(Chuyên Đại học Vinh 2018) Cho khối lăng trụ đứng
.ABC A B C
thể tích bằng
V
. Các
điểm
,,M N P
lần lượt thuộc các cạnh
AA
,
BB
,
CC
sao cho
1
2
AM
AA
,
2
3
BN CP
BB CC


. Thể tích
của khối đa diện
.ABC MNP
bằng
A.
9
16
V
. B.
11
18
V
. C.
20
27
V
. D.
2
3
V
A
B
C
C
A
B
M
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 79. Cho hình hộp
.ABCD A B C D
.A ABD
là hình chóp đều,
AB AA a

. Tính theo
a
thể
tích
V
của khối chóp
.AB CD

A.
3
3
18
a
V
. B.
3
3
9
a
V
. C.
3
2
6
a
V
. D.
3
2
12
a
V
.
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u 80. Cho khối hộp chữ nhật
.ABCD A BC D
có thể tích bằng
12
. Gọi
O
là giao điểm của
AC
BD
. Thể tích
V
của khối chóp
A ODC

bằng bao nhiêu?
A.
2
. B.
3
. C.
4
. D.
6
.
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Mức độ 4. Vận dụng cao
u 81.(THPT Nguyễn Khuyến 2018) Cho khối hộp
.ABCD A B C D
. Gọi
,M
,N
P
lần lượt
trung điểm của
,AB
AD
AA
. Tính tỉ số thể tích
k
của khối chóp
.AMNP
và khối hộp đã cho.
A.
1
12
k
. B.
1
48
k
. C.
1
8
k
. D.
1
24
k
.
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u 82. Cho hình lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
thể tích bằng
V
. Gọi
M
,
N
,
P
lần lượt trung điểm
của các cạnh
AB
,
AC

,
BB
. Thể tích của khối tứ diện
CMNP
bằng:
A.
5
24
V
. B.
1
4
V
. C.
7
24
V
. D.
1
3
V
.
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u 83. Cho khối hộp
.ABCD A B C D
. Gọi
M
trung điểm của
AB
. Mặt phẳng
MB D

chia
khối hộp thành hai phần. Tính tỉ số thể tích
2
phần đó.
A.
7
24
. B.
5
12
. C.
7
17
. D.
5
17
.
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u 84. Cho khối chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình chữ nhật. Một mặt phẳng thay đổi nhưng
luôn song song với đáy cắt các cạnh bên
SA
,
SB
,
SC
,
SD
lần lượt tại
M
,
N
,
P
,
Q
. Gọi
M
,
N
,
P
,
Q
lần lượt hình chiếu vuông góc của
M
,
N
,
P
,
Q
lên mặt phẳng
ABCD
. Tính tỉ số
SM
SA
để thể tích khối đa diện
.MNPQ M N P Q
đạt giá trị lớn nhất.
A.
2
3
. B.
1
2
. C.
1
3
. D.
3
4
.
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u 85. Cho lăng trụ
1 1 1
ABCA B C
có diện tích mặt bên
11
ABB A
bằng
4
; khoảng cách giữa cạnh
1
CC
và mặt phẳng
11
ABB A
bằng 7. Tính thể tích khối lăng trụ
1 1 1
ABCA B C
.
A.
14
. B.
28
3
. C.
14
3
. D.
28
.
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u 86. Cho hình lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
có đáy là tam giác vuông cân tại
A
, cạnh
20BC a a
,
cạnh bên
2AA a
A
cách đều các đỉnh
, , A B C
. Gọi
, MN
lần lượt là trung điểm của
AA
AC
. Thể tích khối chóp
.C MNB
là.
A.
3
14
48
a
V
. B.
3
14
4
a
V
. C.
3
7
8
a
V
. D.
3
14
16
a
V
.
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u 87. (THPT Chuyên Quý Đôn) Cho hình lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
thể tích bằng
3
48cm
. Gọi
,,M N P
theo thứ tự trung điểm các cạnh
,CC BC
BC

. Tính thể tích của khối chóp
.A MNP
.
A.
3
8.cm
B.
3
12 .cm
C.
3
24 .cm
D.
3
16
.
3
cm
Li gii
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u 88.(Cụm THPT Vũng Tàu) Cho lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
.Trên các cnh
,AA BB

lần lượt ly các
đim
,EF
sao cho
,AA kA E BB kB F

. Mt phng
(C )EF
chia khi tr đã cho thành hai khối
đa diện bao gm khi chóp
( . )C A B FE
th tích
1
V
khối đa diện
(ABCEFC )
thế tích
2
V
.
Biết rng
1
2
2
7
V
V
, tìm k
A.
4k
. B.
3k
. C.
1k
. D.
2k
.
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u 89.(Tạp Chí Toán Học 2020) Cho lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
, trên các cạnh
AA
,
BB
lấy các điểm
M
,
N
sao cho
3AA A M

,
3BB B N

. Mặt phẳng
C MN
chia khối lăng trụ đã cho thành hai
phần. Gọi
1
V
thể tích của khối chóp
.C A B NM
,
2
V
thể tích của khối đa diện
ABCMNC
. Tỉ
số
1
2
V
V
bằng:
A.
1
2
4
7
V
V
. B.
1
2
2
7
V
V
. C.
1
2
1
7
V
V
. D.
1
2
3
7
V
V
.
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Lớp Toán Thầy-Diệp Tn Tel: 0935.660.880
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u 90. Cho lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
thể tích bằng 2. Gọi
,MN
lần lượt hai điểm nằm trên hai
cạnh
AA
BB
sao cho
M
trung điểm của
AA
2
3
B N BB

. Đường thẳng
CM
cắt đường
thẳng
AC

tại
P
đướng thẳng
CN
cắt đường thẳng
BC

tại
Q
. Thể tích khối đa diện lồi
A MPB NQ

bằng
A.
13
18
. B.
23
9
. C.
7
18
. D.
5
9
.
Li gii
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u 91. Cho hình lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
,MN
là hai điểm lần lượt trên cnh
,CA CB
sao cho
MN
song song vi
AB
CM
k
CA
. Mt phng
()MNB A

chia khối lăng trụ
.ABC A B C
thành hai
phn có th tích
1
V
(phn chứa điểm
C
) và
2
V
sao cho
1
2
2
V
V
. Khi đó giá trị ca
k
A.
15
2
k

. B.
1
2
k
. C.
15
2
k
. D.
3
3
k
.
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Li gii
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u 92. Cho hình hộp
.ABCD A B C D
. Gọi
1
V
phần thể tích chung của hai khối của hai khối tứ
diện
A BC D
AB CD
. Gọi
2
V
là thể tích khối hộp
.ABCD A B C D
. Tỉ số
1
2
V
V
bằng
A.
1
2
. B.
1
6
. C.
1
3
. D.
1
4
.
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u 93.(THPT Chuyên Quốc Học Huế)
Cho lăng trụ đứng tam giác
. ' ' 'ABC A B C
. Gọi
, , ,M N P Q
các điểm lần lượt thuộc các cạnh
', ', ', ' 'AA BB CC B C
thỏa mãn
1 1 1 ' 1
, , ,
' 2 ' 3 ' 4 ' ' 5
AM BN CP C Q
AA BB CC B C
. Gọi
12
,VV
lần lượt thể tích
khối tứ diện
MNPQ
và khối lăng trụ
. ' ' 'ABC A B C
. Tính tỷ số
1
2
V
V
.
A.
1
2
11
30
V
V
. B.
1
2
11
45
V
V
. C.
1
2
19
45
V
V
. D.
1
2
22
45
V
V
.
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A.THUYT
Để làm bài toán cc tr và bài toán thc tế ta tiến hành 4 bước
c 1. Đặt ẩn chưa biết, kèm điều kin ca n.
c 2. Biu th các đại lượng còn li qua n vừa đặt.
c 3. Da vào công thc tính din tích, th tích, hoc tính cạnh để thiết lp hàm.
c 4. Tìm giá tr ln nht và nh nht ri kết lun.
Ví dụ 1. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
là hình chnht với
4AB
, cạnh bên
SA
vuông
góc với mặt phẳng đáy
ABCD
6SC
. Tính thể tích lớn nhất
max
V
của khối chóp đã cho.
A.
max
40
.
3
V
B.
max
80
.
3
V
C.
max
20
.
3
V
D.
max
24.V
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dụ 2. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy
ABC
là tam giác đều
1SA SB SC
. Tính thtích
lớn nhất
max
V
của khối chóp đã cho.
A.
max
1
.
6
V
B.
max
2
.
12
V
C.
max
3
.
12
V
D.
max
1
.
12
V
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§BAI 6. CC TRNG DNG
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dụ 3. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
SA a
,
2SB a
,
3SC a
. Tính thtích lớn nhất
max
V
của
khối chóp đã cho.
A.
3
max
6.Va
B.
3
max
6
.
2
a
V
C.
3
max
6
.
3
a
V
D.
3
max
6
.
6
a
V
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Ví dụ 3. Cho hình hộp chữ nhật
. ' ' ' 'ABCD A B C D
độ dài đường chéo
' 18.AC
Gọi
S
là diện
tích toàn phần của hình hộp đã cho. Tìm giá trị lớn nhất
max
S
của
.S
A.
max
36 3.S
B.
max
18 3.S
C.
max
18.S
D.
max
36.S
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d 4. Cho mt tm nhôm hình ch nhật kích thước
80cm 50cm
. Người ta ct bn góc của tâm nhôm đó bốn
hình vuông bng nhau, mi hình vuông cnh bng
cmx
, ri gp tm nhôm lại thì được mt cái thùng không
np dng hình hp. Tính th tích ln nht
max
V
ca hp to
thành.
A.
3
max
18000cm .V
B.
3
max
28000cm .V
C.
3
max
38000cm .V
D.
3
max
8000cm .V
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dụ 5. Để thiết kế một chiếc bể hình hộp chữ nhật không nắp chiều cao 60cm, thể tích
3
96000cm
. Người thợ dùng loại kính để sử dụng làm mặt bên giá thành 70.000 đồng/m
2
loại kính để làm mặt đáy có giá thành 100.000 đồng/m
2
. Tính chi phí thấp nhất để hoàn thành bể
cá.
A. 320.000 đồng. B. 32.000 đồng. C. 83.200 đồng. D. 68.800 đồng.
Li gii.
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B. PN DNG VÀU HI TRC NGHIM.
DẠNG 1. Cực trị.
1. Phương pháp.
Cách 1. Thiết lp hàm s
fx
theo biến mình đt n
x
( nh đặt điều kin).
Kho sát hàm s ri suy ra giá tr ln nht hoc nh nht.
Cách 2. S dng bất đẳng thc Cô si vi
0, 0 .; 2a b a b ab
Du bng xy ra
'' ''ab
2
0, 0 .;
2
ab
a b a b



Hoc vi
,ab
bt k
2
22
.
2
0a
a
b
b
ab
Du bng xy ra
'' ''ab
Nhn xét: bất đẳng thc có th m rng vi ba s
, , 0abc
.
Cách 3. S dng quan h đưng xiên và đưng vuông góc trong tam giác vuông.
2. u hỏi trắc nghiệm.
Mức độ 4. Vận dụng cao
Câu 1. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
là hình chnhật,
4AD
. Các cạnh bên bằng nhau
và bằng
6
. Tìm thể tích lớn nhất
max
V
của khối chóp đã cho.
A.
max
130
.
3
V
B.
max
128
.
3
V
C.
max
125
.
3
V
D.
max
250
.
3
V
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Lớp Tn Thầy-Diệp Tuân Tel: 0935.660.880
Câu 2. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
là hình thoi tâm
O
, cạnh bằng
1;
SO
vuông góc với
mặt phẳng đáy
ABCD
1SC
. Tính thể tích lớn nhất
max
V
của khối chóp đã cho.
A.
max
23
.
9
V
B.
max
23
.
3
V
C.
max
23
.
27
V
D.
max
43
.
27
V
Li gii.
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Câu 3. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình bình hành với
4AD a
. Các cạnh bên của
hình chóp bằng nhau và bằng
6a
. Tính thể tích lớn nhất
max
V
của khối chóp đã cho.
A.
3
max
8
.
3
a
V
B.
3
max
46
.
3
Va
C.
3
max
8.Va
D.
3
max
4 6 .Va
Li gii.
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Lớp Tn Thầy-Diệp Tuân Tel: 0935.660.880
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Câu 4. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông tại
,2C AB
. Cạnh bên
1SA
vuông góc với mặt phẳng đáy
.ABC
Tính thể tích lớn nhất
max
V
của khối chóp đã cho.
A.
max
1
.
3
V
B.
max
1
.
4
V
C.
max
1
.
12
V
D.
max
1
.
6
V
Li gii.
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Câu 5. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông cân tại
,C
cạnh bên
SA
vuông góc
với mặt phẳng đáy
.ABC
Biết
1,SC
tính thể tích lớn nhất
max
V
của khối chóp đã cho.
A.
max
3
.
12
V
B.
max
2
.
12
V
C.
max
23
.
27
V
D.
max
3
.
27
V
Li gii.
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Lớp Tn Thầy-Diệp Tuân Tel: 0935.660.880
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Câu 6. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông tại
A
1.AB
Các cạnh bên
2.SA SB SC
Tính thể tích lớn nhất
max
V
của khối chóp đã cho.
A.
max
5
.
8
V
B.
max
5
.
4
V
C.
max
2
.
3
V
D.
max
4
.
3
V
Li gii.
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Câu 7. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
là hình vuông cạnh
a
, cạnh bên
SA y
0y
vuông góc với mặt đáy
ABCD
. Trên cạnh
AD
lấy điểm
M
đặt
AM x
0 xa
. Tính thể
tích lớn nhất
max
V
của khối chóp
.,S ABCM
biết
2 2 2
.x y a
A.
3
max
3
.
3
a
V
B.
3
max
3
.
8
a
V
C.
3
max
3
.
24
a
V
D.
3
max
33
.
8
a
V
Li gii.
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Lớp Tn Thầy-Diệp Tuân Tel: 0935.660.880
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Câu 8. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
là hình chnhật với
4, 6AB SC
mặt bên
SAD
tam giác cân tại
S
nằm trong mặt phẳng vuông góc với đáy. Tính thể tích lớn nhất
max
V
của khối chóp đã cho.
A.
max
40
.
3
V
B.
max
40.V
C.
max
80.V
D.
max
80
.
3
V
Li gii.
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Câu 9. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
SA x
03x
, tất cả c cạnh còn lại đều bằng
1
. Tính thể
tích lớn nhất
max
V
của khối chóp đã cho.
A.
max
1
.
4
V
B.
max
1
.
8
V
C.
max
1
.
12
V
D.
max
1
.
16
V
Li gii.
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Lớp Tn Thầy-Diệp Tuân Tel: 0935.660.880
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Câu 10. (ĐỀ CHÍNH THỨC 2016 2017) Xét khối tứ diện
ABCD
cạnh
AB x
các cạnh còn
lại đều bằng
23
. Tìm
x
để thể tích khối tứ diện
ABCD
đạt giá trị lớn nhất.
A.
3 2.x
B.
6.x
C.
2 3.x
D.
14.x
Li gii.
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Câu 11. Trên ba tia
, , Ox Oy Oz
vuông góc với nhau từng đôi, lần lượt lấy các điểm
,A
, BC
sao
cho
, , .OA a OB b OC c
Giả sử
A
cố định còn
, BC
thay đổi nhưng luôn luôn thỏa
.OA OB OC
Tính thể tích lớn nhất
max
V
của khối tứ diện
.OABC
A.
3
max
.
6
a
V
B.
3
max
.
8
a
V
C.
3
max
.
24
a
V
D.
3
max
.
32
a
V
Li gii.
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Câu 12. Cho tứ diện
SABC
, , SA AB AC
đôi một vuông góc với nhau, độ dài các cạnh
,BC a
,SB b
SC c
. Tính thể tích lớn nhất
max
V
khối tứ diện đã cho.
A.
max
2
.
4
abc
V
B.
max
2
.
8
abc
V
C.
max
2
.
12
abc
V
D.
max
2
.
24
abc
V
Li gii.
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Câu 13. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
có đáy
ABCD
hình vuông cạnh
,a
cạnh bên
SA a
và vuông góc
với mặt đáy
.ABCD
Trên
, SB SD
lần lượt lấy hai điểm
, MN
sao cho
0,
SM
m
SB

0.
SN
n
SD

Tính thể tích lớn nhất
max
V
của khối chóp
.S AMN
biết
22
2 3 1.mn
A.
3
max
.
6
a
V
B.
3
max
6
.
72
a
V
C.
ABCD
D.
3
max
.
48
a
V
Li gii.
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Lớp Tn Thầy-Diệp Tuân Tel: 0935.660.880
Câu 14. Cho hình hộp chữ nhật
. ' ' ' 'ABCD A B C D
đáy
ABCD
là một hình vuông. Biết tổng diện
tích tất cả các mặt của khối hộp bằng
32.
Tính thể tích lớn nhất
max
V
của khối hộp đã cho.
A.
max
56 3
.
9
V
B.
max
80 3
.
9
V
C.
max
70 3
.
9
V
D.
max
64 3
.
9
V
Li gii.
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Câu 15. Cho hình lăng trđứng thể tích
V
đáy tam giác đều. Khi diện tích toàn phần
của hình lăng trụ nhỏ nhất thì độ dài cạnh đáy bằng bao nhiêu?
A.
3
4.V
B.
3
.V
C.
3
2.V
D.
3
6.V
Li gii.
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Lớp Tn Thầy-Diệp Tuân Tel: 0935.660.880
Câu 16. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
03SA x x
, tất cả các cạnh còn lại bằng nhau bằng
1
. Với giá trị nào của
x
thì thể tích khối chóp
.S ABCD
lớn nhất?
A.
3
.
3
x
B.
2
.
2
x
C.
6
.
2
x
D.
3
.
2
x
Li gii.
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Câu 17.Ề CHÍNH THỨC 2016 – 2017) Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy
ABC
là tam giác vuông cân
tại
A
,
SA
vuông góc với đáy, khoảng cách từ
A
đến mặt phẳng
SBC
bằng
3
. Gọi
là góc giữa
hai mặt phẳng
SBC
ABC
, tính
cos
khi thể tích khối chóp
.S ABC
nhỏ nhất.
A.
1
cos .
3
B.
3
cos .
3
C.
2
cos .
2
D.
2
cos .
3
Li gii.
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Lớp Tn Thầy-Diệp Tuân Tel: 0935.660.880
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Câu 18. Cho khối chóp
.S ABC
đáy tam giác vuông cân tại
.B
Khoảng cách từ
A
đến mặt
phẳng
SBC
bằng
2,a
0
90 .SAB SCB
Xác định độ dài cạnh
AB
để khối chóp
.S ABC
th
tích nhỏ nhất.
A.
10
.
2
a
AB
B.
3.AB a
C.
2.AB a
D.
3 5.AB a
Li gii.
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Lớp Tn Thầy-Diệp Tuân Tel: 0935.660.880
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Câu 19. Cho tam giác
OAB
đều cạnh
a
. Trên đường thẳng
d
qua
O
vuông góc với mặt phẳng
OAB
lấy điểm
M
sao cho
OM x
. Gọi
, EF
lần lượt là hình chiếu vuông c của
A
trên
MB
OB
. Gọi
N
là giao điểm của
EF
d
. Tìm
x
để thể tích tứ diện
ABMN
có giá trị nhỏ nhất.
A.
2.xa
B.
2
.
2
a
x
C.
6
.
12
a
x
D.
3
.
2
a
x
Li gii.
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Câu 20. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
đáy
ABC
tam giác vuông tại
,C
2.SA AB
Cạnh bên
SA
vuông góc với mặt phẳng đáy
ABC
. Gọi
,HK
lần lượt là hình chiếu vuông góc của
A
lên
SB
SC
. Tính thể tích lớn nhất
max
V
của khối chóp
.S AHK
.
A.
max
2
.
6
V
B.
max
3
.
6
V
C.
max
3
.
3
V
D.
max
2
.
3
V
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Lớp Tn Thầy-Diệp Tuân Tel: 0935.660.880
Li gii.
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Câu 21. Cho tam giác
ABC
vuông cân tại
B
,
2AC
. Trên đường thẳng qua
A
vuông góc với mặt
phẳng
ABC
lấy các điểm
,MN
khác phía so với mặt phẳng
ABC
sao cho
.1AM AN
. Tính
thể tích nhỏ nhất
min
V
của khối tứ diện
MNBC
.
A.
min
1
.
3
V
B.
min
1
.
6
V
C.
min
1
.
12
V
D.
min
2
.
3
V
Li gii.
Li gii.
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Lớp Tn Thầy-Diệp Tuân Tel: 0935.660.880
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Câu 22. Cho hình hộp chữ nhật
.ABCD AB C D
, 3,AB x AD
góc giữa đường thẳng
AC
mặt phẳng
ABB A

bằng
0
30 .
Tìm
x
để thể tích khối hộp chữ nhật có thể tích lớn nhất.
A.
3 15
.
5
x
B.
36
.
2
x
C.
33
.
2
x
D.
35
.
5
x
Li gii.
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Câu 23. Cho hình hộp chữ nhật tổng diện tích các mặt bằng
36
đdài đường chéo bằng
6.
Tính thể tích lớn nhất
max
V
của khối hộp chữ nhật đã cho.
A.
max
16 2.V
B.
max
12.V
C.
max
8 2.V
D.
max
6 6.V
Li gii.
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Lớp Tn Thầy-Diệp Tuân Tel: 0935.660.880
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Câu 24. Cho hình chóp
.S ABC
1, 2, 3SA SB SC
. Gọi
G
trọng tâm tam giác
ABC
. Mặt
phẳng
đi qua trung điểm
I
của
SG
cắt các cạnh
, , SA SB SC
lần lượt tại
, , M N P
. Tính giá
trị nhỏ nhất
min
T
của biểu thức
2 2 2
1 1 1
T
SM SN SP
.
A.
min
2
.
7
T
B.
min
3
.
7
T
C.
min
18
.
7
T
D.
min
6.T
Li gii.
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Câu 25. Cho hình chóp
.S ABCD
đáy
ABCD
hình bình hành, thể tích là
.V
Gọi
M
trung
điểm của cạnh
, SA N
là điểm nằm trên cạnh
SB
sao cho
2;SN NB
mặt phẳng
di động qua
các điểm
, MN
cắt các cạnh
, SC SD
lần lượt tại hai điểm phân biệt
, KQ
. Tính thể tích lớn
nhất
max
V
của khối chóp
.S MNKQ
.
A.
max
.
2
V
V
B.
max
.
3
V
V
C.
max
3
.
4
V
V
D.
max
2
.
3
V
V
Li gii.
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Lớp Tn Thầy-Diệp Tuân Tel: 0935.660.880
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DẠNG 2. Toán thực tế.
1. Phương pháp.
c 1. Để ít hao tn vt liu nht là din tích toàn phn nh nht.
c 2. Thiết lp hàm s
fx
theo biến mình đt n là
x
( nh đặt điều kin).
Kho sát hàm s ri suy ra giá tr ln nht hoc nh nht.
2. u hỏi trắc nghiệm.
Mức độ 3. Vận dụng
Câu 26.Từ một mảnh giấy hình vuông cạnh
a
, người ta gấp thành hình lăng trụ theo hai cách sau:
Cách 1. Gấp thành 4 phần đều nhau rồi dựng lên thành một hình lăng trụ tứ giác đều thể
tích là
1
V
(Hình 1).
Cách 2. Gấp thành 3 phần đều nhau rồi dựng lên thành một hình lăng trụ tam giác đều thể
tích là
2
V
(Hình 2).
Tính tỉ số
1
2
.
V
k
V
A.
33
.
2
k
B.
43
.
9
k
C.
33
.
4
k
D.
33
.
8
k
Li gii.
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Hình 1
Hình 2
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Câu 27. Một người cần làm một hình lăng trụ tam giác đều từ tấm nhựa phẳng để thể tích
3
6 3cm
. Để ít hao tốn vật liệu nhất thì cần tính độ dài các cạnh của khối lăng trụ tam giác đều
này bằng bao nhiêu?
A. Cạnh đáy bằng
2 6cm
và cạnh bên bằng
1cm.
B. Cạnh đáy bằng
2 3cm
và cạnh bên bằng
2cm.
C. Cạnh đáy bằng
2 2cm
và cạnh bên bằng
3cm.
D. Cạnh đáy bằng
4 3cm
và cạnh bên bằng
1
cm.
2
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Câu 28. Cho một tấm bìa hình chữ nhật có kích thước
60cm 40cm
. Người ta cắt 6 hình vuông
bằng nhau như hình vẽ, mỗi hình vuông cạnh bằng
cmx
, rồi gập tấm bìa lại để được một hộp
nắp. Tìm
x
để hộp nhận được có thể tích lớn nhất.
A.
20
cm.
3
x
B.
4cm.x
C.
5cm.x
D.
10
cm.
3
x
Li gii.
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Lớp Tn Thầy-Diệp Tuân Tel: 0935.660.880
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Câu 29. Mt hp không nắp được làm t mt mnh các tông
theo hình v. Hộp đáy là mt hình vuông cnh
cmx
,
chiu cao
cmh
th tích
3
500cm .
Tìm độ dài cnh
hình vuông
x
sao cho chiếc hp làm ra tn ít bìa các tông
nht.
A.
2cm.x
B.
3cm.x
C.
5cm.x
D.
10cm.x
Li gii.
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Câu 30. Mt người đã cắt tấm bìa các tông đặt kích thước
như hình vẽ. Sau đó bạn y gấp theo đường nét đứt thành cái
hp hình hp ch nht. Hình hộp đáy nh vuông cạnh
cma
, chiu cao
cmh
din tích toàn phn bng
2
6m
.
Tng
ah
bằng bao nhiêu đ th tích hp là ln nht.
A.
2cm.ah
B.
3cm.ah
C.
4cm.ah
D.
6cm.ah
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h
h
a
a
Trung m Luyện Thi Đại Học Amsterdam Cơng I-Bài 6. Cực TrịỨng Dụng
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Lớp Tn Thầy-Diệp Tuân Tel: 0935.660.880
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Câu 31. Một xưởng sản xuất những thùng bằng nhôm hình hộp chữ nhật không nắp và có các kích
thước
, , dmx y z
. Biết tỉ số hai cạnh đáy
: 1:3xy
, thể tích khối hộp bằng
3
18dm .
Để tốn ít
vật liệu nhất thì tổng
x y z
bằng:
A.
10dm.
B.
19
dm.
2
C.
26dm.
D.
26
dm.
3
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Câu 32. Người ta ct mt t giy hình vuông cnh bng
1
để
gp thành mt hình chóp t giác đều sao cho bốn đỉnh ca
hình vuông dán lại thành đỉnh của hình chóp như hình vẽ. Đ
th tích khi chóp ln nht t cnh đáy
x
ca hình chóp
bng:
A.
2
.
5
x
B.
22
.
5
x
C.
2 2.x
D.
2
.
5
x
Li gii.
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Câu 33. Một người xây nhà xưởng hình hp ch nht din
tích mt sàn là
2
1152m
chiu cao c định. Người đó xây các
bức tường xung quanh và bên trong đ ngăn nhà xưởng thành
ba phòng hình ch nhật kích thước như nhau (không kể
trn nhà). Vy cn phải xây các phòng theo kích thước nào đ
tiết kim chi phí nht (b qua độ dày các bức tường).
A.
16m 24m
. B.
8m 48m
.
C.
12m 32m
. D.
24m 32m
.
Li gii.
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