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Keywords–Skimming–Scanning–Eyemovement..................................................... 6
GiớithiệuIELTSReading–AcademicModule............................................................... 8
Chapter1:Chiếnlượccácdạng
Unit1:Hoànthànhcâu(SentenceCompleon)
&Trảlờicâuhỏi(Short–AnswerQueaon)........ ........................................................... 23
Unit2:Hoànthànhbảng(Notes–TableComleon)........ ............................................ 50
Unit3:TRUE/FALSE/NOTGIVEN&YES/NO/NOTGIVEN....................................... 72
Unit4:Dạngtrắcnghiệm(MulpleChoice).................................................................... 94
Unit5:Cácdạngbàiphânnhóm(Categorizaon).......................................................... 11 1
Unit6:Nốiêuđề(MatchingHeading)............................................................................ 135
Unit7:Nốithôngn(MatchingInformaon).................... ............................................. 156
Unit8:Nốicâu(MatchingSentenceEndings)............................. ................................... 182
Unit9:Dánnhãnbiểuđồ(DiagramLabelling)............................................................. .. 202
Chapter2:Luyệntậptổnghợp
IELTSPracce1..................................................................................................................... 212
IELTSPracce2..................................................................................................................... 241
IELTSPracce3..................................................................................................................... 269 Key Words - Skimming Scanning - Eye Movement
Dướiáplựcxửlýthôngnđểtrảlời40câuhỏicủa3bàiđọcIELTS(khoảng2400-2700
từ)trongthờigian60phút,tốcđộcủaviệcxácđịnhvịtrícácthôngntrongbàiđọcsẽ
quyếtđịnhtốcđộlàmbàivàảnhhưởngtrựcếpđếnđiểmsốcủathísinh.Đểtốiưutốc
độmkiếmthôngnquantrọng,thísinhcầnlàmchủ4kỹthuậtsau:Kỹthuậtxácđịnh
từkhóa–Keywords,kỹthuậtSkimming,kỹthuậtScanning,kỹthuậtdichuyểnmắt–Eye movement.
Kỹthuậtxácđịnhtừkhóa
Khiđọcvàphânchcâuhỏi,thísinhcầnphảixácđịnhvàphânloạitừkhóatheomứcđộ
hữudụngtrongviệcmkiếmthôngntrongbàiđọc.
Từkhóađượcchiathànhbaloại:
•Từkhóakhóthaythế:baogồmcáctênriêng,consốnổibật,hầunhưkhôngbaogiờbị
thaythếtrongbàiđọc→Ưuênsửdụngloạitừkhóanàyđểmkiếmthôngn.
•Từkhóadễthaythế:baogồmcácdanhtừvàcóthểbịthaythếbằngcáchdiễnđạtkhác
trongbàiđọc→SửdụngloạitừkhóanàyđểmkiếmthôngnkhiđềbàikhôngchứaTừ khóakhóthaythế.
•Từkhóachìm:baogồmcácđộngtừ,nhtừ,hoặcchủđềcủabàiđọc.Độngtừvành
từtronghầuhếtcáctrườnghợpsẽbịthaythếbằngtừđồngnghĩahoặccáchdiễnđạt
kháctrongbàiđọc.Chủđềcủabàiđọcsẽđượclặplạinhiềulầnnênkhôngcónhiềugiá
trịtrongviệcxácđịnhthôngncầnthiết→Sửdụngloạitừkhóanàyđểhiểunộidung
chínhcủađềbài.Chỉdùngđểmkiếmthôngnkhiđềbàikhôngchứa2loạitừkhóatrên,
hoặckhikhôngxácđịnhđượccáchdiễnđạtthaythếcho2loạitừkhóatrêntrongbàiđọc. 6
Thứtựưuênsửdụngtừkhóađểxácđịnhthôngncầnthiết:Từkhóakhóthaythế→
Từkhóadễthaythế→Từkhóachìm.
TrongtrườnghợpđềbàikhôngchứaTừkhóakhóthaythế,thísinhcầnsửdụng2loạitừ
khóacònlạiđểxácđịnhtrôngncầnthiếttrongbàiđọc. KỹthuậtSkimming
Skimminglàkỹthuậtgiúptăngtốcđộđọchiểuvàtănglượngthôngnếpthukhiđọc
thôngquaviệcnhómtừ(wordgrouping)vàđọcnhanh(speedreading).KỹthuậtSkimming
đượcdùngđểđọchiểunộidungchínhcủamộtđoạnvănhoặctoànbộbàiđọc,vàđược
ứngdụngđểxửlýnhiềudạngcâuhỏitrongbàithiIELTSAcademicReading,nhưdạngNối
êuđề-Matchingheadings. KỹnăngScanning
Scanninglàkỹthuậtđọclướtvănbảnvàdùngđểxácđịnhnhanhchiếtcụthểtrongbài
đọcmàkhôngcầnhiểunộidung.CácdạngbàiđiểnhìnhcầnsửdụngScanninglàdạng
TRUE/FALSE/NOTGIVENhoặcYES/NO/NOTGIVEN,dạngđiềntừ,dạngnốithôngn,
vàdạngtrắcnghiệm.
Kỹthuậtchuyểnđộngmắt(eyemovement)
Eyemovementlàmộtkỹthuậtđọclướtnhằmtăngtốcđộmkiếmthôngntrongbài
đọcbằngviệchạnchếviệcđọchiểuthôngn.Thayvìđọctừtrênxuống,ngườiđọcsẽ
bắtđầutừcuốiđoạnvănlên,vàtheotrìnhtừtừphảiquatrái. 7 Chapter1
Chiếnlượccácdạng 22 Hoànthànhcâu
& Trảlờicâuhỏi
DạngbàihoànthànhcâulàdạngbàiphổbiếnluônxuấthiệntrongbàithiIELTSReading.
Đềbàiyêucầuthísinhmtừphùhợptrongbàiđọcđểđiềnvàochỗtrốngtrongcáccâu đượccungcấp.
1.Chiếnlượcxửlýdạngcâuhỏi Bước1 Bước2 Bước3 Idenfying Spong
Extracng&Answering
 Xác định và phân
 Scan bài đọc để m
 Đối chiếu phần chứa loạitừkhóa.
khu vực chứa thông
thôngnvàcâuhỏi.Đọc
• Xác định dạng từ
n cần thiết (dựa trên
hiểu phần thông n vừa
cần điền vào chỗ
nhữngtừkhoáđãm). mđược.
trống và số từ cần
• Khi scan đoạn văn,
• Chọn từ và đối chiếu
điềndựatheođềbài.
thí sinh lưu ý cần sử
với dạng từ cần điền đã
dụng kỹ thuật Eye-
xácđịnhởbước1. movement.
•Đọclạicâuđểmộtlần
nữakiểmtrađộchínhxác củathôngn. 23 2.Vídụ
Someanimalsareactuallyverywell-knownfortheiroutstandingintelligencecompared
to most other types of animals in thewild, one of the prime example is chimpanzee.
Chimpanzeeisaspeciesofapethatismostcloselyrelatedtohumans,whichinhabitin
tropicalforestsandsavannas.Somebasicknowledgeaboutchimpanzeesisthattheirdiet
isprimarilyvegetarian,consisngofmostlyfruits,leaves,andseedsbutalsobirdeggsand
chicks,manyinsects,whichprovidethemwithenoughnutrientsforthedevelopmentof
mentalability.Chimpanzeesarehighlyintelligentandareabletondsoluonsformany
kindsofproblemsposedtothembyhumantrainersandexperimenters.Sincethelast
fewyearsofthe90s,anumberofresearchershavesuccessfullytaughtchimpanzeesto
usesignlanguagesincludingthosebasedonthedisplayoftokensorpictorialsymbols.
Also, communicaonbetweenchimps in thewildtakestheformoffacial expressions,
gestures,andalargearrayofvocalizaons,includingscreams,hoots,grunts,androars.
Chimpanzeesarealsowell-knownfortheirskillsinusingtools.Infact,varioustoolsare
usedinseveralcontexts.Forexample,Chimpanzees“sh”fortermitesandantswithtools
madeofgrassstalks,vines,branches,peeledbark,andmidribsofleaves.Inothercases,
theycrackhardnutsopenbyusingstones,roots,andwoodashammers,andtheyuse
“leafysponges”(whichareahandfuloffoldedleavesormoss)todrinkwater. Quesons1-4
Choose NOMORETHANTWOWORDS from the passage for each answer:
1.Chimpanzeeisaspeciesofape,whosenaturalhabitatincludes(a).................... ...............
..................and(b).........................................................
2. Bytheendof20thcentury,chimpanzeeshavelearnthowtouse(c)................................
.......................(basedontokensdisplayorpictorialsymbols).
3.Chimpanzeesarefamousfortheirskillsinusingdierentkindsof(d).............................. ........................
4.(e)..............................................................areusedwhenchimpanzeesdrinkwater. 24
3.Ápdụngphươngpháp Bước1:Idenfying
*Xemlạiphầnlýthuyếtvềtừkhoátrongphần1đểhiểucáchxácđịnhtừkhoádễscan.
natural habitatlàcụmdanhtừ
→Từkhoádễthaythế
Chimpanzeeisaspeciesofape ,whosenaturalhabitat includes(a).....................
and(b).....................
Do Chimpanzee là chủ
Apelàdanhtừchỉ1loài includelàđộngtừ
đề của bài đọc và sẽ
động vật nên sẽ khó bị →Từkhóachìm
đượclặplạinhiềulần
thaythếtrongbàiđọc. →Từkhóachìm
→Từkhóakhóthaythế
Xácđịnhdạngtừcầnđiềnvàsốlượngtừcầnđiền:
...naturalhabitat includes (a)...........and(b)............
• Động từ include được
dùngđểliệt kêmộtcốví
dụchodanhtừtrướcđó:
natural habitat. Chính vì
Choose NOMORETHANTWOWORDS from the passage
vậy,(a)và(b)sẽlàvídụcho for each answer
natural habitat vàlà dạng
Danh từ/Cụm danh từ.
• Số từ cần điền: Không quá2. 25 Bước2:Spong
Thứtựưuênsửdụngtừkhóađểmthôngn:ape, natural habitat →Chimpanzee,include
Some animals are actually very well-known for their (1)Từkhoá1
outstanding intelligence compared to most other
typesofanimalsinthewild,oneoftheprimeexample (2)Từkhoá2
ischimpanzee.Chimpanzeeisaspeciesof(1)ape that
Inhabit=sinhsống,cưngụ
ismostcloselyrelatedtohumans,which(2)inhabitin
→ dạng động từ của từ
tropical forestsandsavannas. Some basic knowledge habitat
about chimpanzees is that their diet is primarily
vegetarian, consisng of mostly fruits, leaves, and  Điểm nhìn đầu
seeds but also bird eggs and chicks, many insects,
ên và hướng di chuyển
which provide them with enough nutrients for the củamắt
developmentofmentalability.
Bước3:Extracng&Answering
Chimpanzeeisaspeciesofapethatismostcloselyrelatedtohumans,whichinhabit
intropicalforests and savannas.
Chimpanzeeisaspeciesofape,whosenaturalhabitatincludes(a).......................and (b).......................
→Đápán:(a)tropicalforests,(b)savannas(đềulàDanhtừvàđộdàikhôngquáhaitừ,do
đóthỏamãnđiềukiện)
●Trongcácdạngbàiđiềntừ(ngoạitrừdạngbàiSummary),cácthôngnthườngsẽ
đilầnlượttheothứtựcâuhỏi(đápáncâu1sẽnằmtrướcđápáncâu2).
●Cácđápánkhôngcáchnhauquáxa(cóthểcách1-2đoạnrấtngắn,khôngcách đến3đoạn).
●Saukhi chọnxongđápántrongđoạn,cầnđọcếpngaytừcâucóđápánđó,
khôngđượcbỏcáchxuốngđoạndưới(bởicónhữngđápánrấtsátnhau). 26 Practice Bàitập1
Doingmoreexercisewon’thelpyouburnmorecalories
A.Asimplecalculaonliesattheheartofalotofmainstreamweightlossadvice.Ifcalories
outexceedcaloriesin,youwillloseweight.Itiswhybothexerciseanddietaresaidto
bekeytostayingtrim,andwhymanyofusfeelwecanmakeamendsforoverindulging
byjoiningthegymordusngoourrunningshoes.Itnowturnsoutsomethingweirder
isgoingon.Workingoutalotdoesn’tappeartoburnmorecaloriesthandoingalile.In
fact,goingmadinthegymdoesn’tseemtoburnanymorecaloriesthanmoderateacvity
afewdaysaweekandtakingthestairs,forinstance.
B.Someofthebiggestcluesthatsomethingwasupwiththeexerciseandweightloss
equaonliefarfromthegym,ontheplainsofTanzania.Here,theHadzapeoplelive
as we all once did, as hunter-gatherers.The men walk about 10 kilometres each day,
stalkinggamewith bowsand arrows,whilewomenspend hourson the move, digging
forwild tubers andpickingberries.Afewyears ago,Herman Pontzer, anevoluonary
anthropologist at Hunter College in NewYork, and his colleagues headed to Tanzania
to study the Hadza and their metabolism. Pontzer wasn’t expecng to reveal any big
mysteries aroundexercise.“Itstarted othat wewantedto just ask a basicqueson:
‘Howmanycaloriesdoyouneedtoburntoliveasahunter-gatherer?”hesays.Tothe
team’samazement,theHadzagotthroughonlyslightlymorethanWesternerswhodrive
toajobtositallday,withthemenusingupabout2600caloriesandthewomen1900.“I
couldn’tbelieveit,”saysPontzer.
C. The ndings caused a sr.They called into queson the widely accepted idea that
sedentarylifestylesinmanysocieesareresponsiblefortheobesityepidemic.Instead,
Pontzerandhisteambegantowonderwhetherourdailyenergyexpenditurecouldhave
evolvedtobexedattheselevels,regardlessofwhetherwesitatadeskalldayorsearch
theplainslookingforournextmeal.
Tobackuptheidea,what’sneededistostudyotherwaysoflivingtoo,includingpopulaons
withWesternlifestyles.That’swhereLaraDugasofLoyolaUniversityChicagocomesinto
thestory.Herteamkiedoutnearly2000peoplefromtheUS,Ghana,Jamaica,South
AfricaandtheSeychelleswithacvitymonitorsforeightdaystogaugetheirbasicpaern 32
ofphysicalacvity.Shethentrackedtheirweightoverseveralyears.Theupshot?Acvity
levelsdidn’tpredictweighttwoyearslater.Infact,thosewhomettheUSguidelineof150
minutesofmoderate-intensityexerciseperweek,accordingtothemonitordata,tended
tohaveputonmoreweightthanthosethatdidless.Aparadoxindeed.
D.In2016,PontzerandDugasjoinedforces.Theylookedinmoredetailatover300of
thepeopleinDugas’soriginalstudy.Itturnedoutthatthosewhoweremoderatelyacve
usedupabout200morecaloriesperdaythansedentarypeople,butaerthat,calorie
burningplateaued.Thosewhoexercisedeverydaydidn’tburnanymorethanthosewho
workedoutafewmesaweek.“Onlyatthevery,verylowenddidweseeanythinglikea
trendofloweracvitybeingpairedwithlowerenergyexpenditure,”saysPontzer.
E. This view tallies with calculaons of how much people exercise whenviewed over
longer me spans, says Glenn Gaesser atArizona State University.“Ifyou add up the
amountofcaloriesindividualswouldexpenddoing150minutesofexerciseaweek,mes
52weeksoftheyear,youcomeupintotheliterallytensofthousandsofcaloriesthatare
expended.”Andyetexercisersonlyweigharound2kilogramslessonaverage,hesays.As
theevidencepilesup,saysPontzer,theideathatacvitydictateshowmanycaloriesyou
burnlooks“preynaive”.
F.Itseemsmetoputthecaloriesin,caloriesoutequaontorest.Buthowcanitbethat
peopledomoreexercisewithoutseemingtoexpendextraenergy?Theassumponhas
beenthattheyeatmoretomakeupforit,whetherbecausetheyarehungrierorfeellike
theyhaveearnedit.“Youcanconsumeadoughnutinlessthanaminute,”saysGaesser.
“Butthatminuteofconsumingthedoughnutmighttakeanhourormoreofwalkingto
matchin terms of calories.”It also doesn’t help that people grossly overesmatetheir
energyuseduringexercise.Inonestudy,peoplewereassignedatreadmillworkoutand
thentoldtoesmatehowmanycaloriestheyburnedandeatanequivalentamountfrom
abuet.Theyguessedtheyusedup800caloriesandateabout550.Inreality,theyhad
burnedjust200.ThatmighthelpexplainwhyDugasfoundthatthosemeengUSexercise
guidelinestendedtohaveputonmoreweight.Butitwouldn’texplainwhytheHadza’s
prolicacvitydoesn’tadduptomuchmoreenergyconsumponoverthecourseofa
daythanasedentarylifestyle.
G.Soanothersuggesonforthisexerciseparadoxisthatourbodiescompensatefora
hardworkoutbymovinglesstherestoftheday.Someclueshavecomefrommice.When
given running wheels to prompt exercise, theywere found to move around less than 33
usualinbetweenboutsofacvity.Thenumberofcaloriessavedfrommovinglessthe
restofthedayalmostexactlynegatedthecaloriesburnedfromrunning.Itseemspeople
makesimilarsortsofadjustmentswhentheyembarkonanewexerciseregime,evenif theydon’trealizeit.
H.Ratherthanthinkofpeopleasacveorsedentary,anincreasingnumberofusareboth
acve,playingsportsorworkingoutregularly,andsedentary,spendingtherestofthe
daysing,saysJamesBes,whostudiesnutrionandexerciseattheUniversityofBath,
UK.Soitisamistaketojustcountthecaloriesburnedonatreadmillandnotconsiderthe
restoftheday,hesays.“Alltheseotherpartsofexercise,justmovingaroundmore,can
bethebiggestcomponentofenergyexpenditureandcandictatewhichpersonmightbe
leanandwhichpersonmightbeobese,”hesays.
I. Ulmately, it is hard to avoid the conclusion that diet oers greater potenal than
exercisetogetthecalorieequaonworkingmoreinyourfavor.Butexercisedoessll
haveaplacein theweight-lossjourney:onceyouloseweight,it canhelppreventthe
commonproblemofpungitbackon.Andthereareplentyofotherexcellentreasons
toexercise.“TheHadzaareaboutthreemesmorephysicallyacvethananyWestern
populaon,”saysPontzer.“And,notashocker,theyalsohaveexcellenthearthealth,they
nevergetdiabetes,they’renotoverweight.Theyageextraordinarilywell.”Beingacve
improvesoverallhealth,mobilityandbrainfuncon,andreducestheriskformanychronic
condionsincludingAlzheimer’sdisease.“Exercisehashealth-promongaconsthatfar
exceeditsroleofregulangweight,”saysGaesser,“sodon’tbedisappointedifyoudon’t
losealotofweight.” Quesons1-5 Complete the notes below.
Choose NOMORETHANTWOWORDSORANUMBER for each answer.
Write your answers in the boxes 1 - 5 on your answer sheet. 34
Energyexpenditurefromexerciseandweightloss •
Inhabitin1…........……... ....................................…
…...as2…..........................................................…… ………... •
Themen’sjob:hunngwithbowsandarrows. TheHadza •
Thewomen’sjob:diggingfortubersand pickingberries. •
Themen’senergyexpenditure:upto3.........
…….....................................…………...calories,700 morethanthewomen’s.
2000 people from the •
Monitored for more than a week to measure US,Ghana,
their acvity’s 4 ……................................................ Jamaica, South Africa .…………... andthe •
ThosewhofollowedtheUSexerciseguidelines Seychelles
ironicallygainedmoreweight •
Encouraged to 5 ……….....................………... with Mice
running wheels but found to move less than usual. Quesons6-8 Complete the summary below.
Choose NOMORETHANTWOWORDS from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in the boxes 6 - 8 on your answer sheet.
Numerousstudiesareindicaveofthemoreconsiderable6………….....................................
.…….ofproperdietaryregimescomparedtothatofexercise.Thatsaid,regularexercise
holdsremarkablehealth-relatedmerits,notlimitedto7………........ ............................................
....……….,ascanbeseeninthelifestyleoftheHadza,whoaremuchmorephysicallyacve
thanWesternersare.Exercisecannotonlybeeraperson’soverallhealth,mobilityand
brainfunconbutwardomany8………......................................……..…aswell. 35
Ápdụngphươngpháp Bước1:Idenfying
Đọccâuhỏivàgạchchântừkhoá
Choose NOMORETHANTWOWORDSORANUMBER for each answer.
Sốtừcầnđiền:Khôngquá2/hoặcmộtconsố Câu1,2: Hadzalàtênriêng
→Từkhóakhóthaythế
TheHadza inhabitin(1).....................as(2).....................
Inhabitlàđộngtừ →Từkhóachìm
(1)đứngsaugiớitừ in,vìvậycóthểđoántừcầnđiềnlàDanhtừchỉđịađiểm.
(2)đứngsaugiớitừas,vìvậycóthểđoántừcầnđiềnlàDanhtừchỉchức năng. Bước2:Spong
Lưuýthứtựưuênsửdụngtừkhóađểmthôngn:TheHadza→ inhabit
Someofthebiggestcluesthatsomethingwasup (1)Từkhoá
withtheexerciseandweightlossequaonliefar
fromthegym,ontheplainsofTanzania.Here,(1)
(2)Từkhoáinhabit”=live theHadza sinhsống,cưngụ
people(2)live as we all once did, as hunter-gatherers.  Điểm nhìn đầu
ên và hướng di chuyển củamắt 36
Bước3:Extracng&Answering
ontheplainsofTanzania.Here,theHadzapeopleliveaswealloncedid,as hunter-gatherers.
TheHadzainhabitin(1)...................................................................as(2).......................
→ĐápánlàTanzaniavàhunter-gatherers
Ápdụngtươngtựcâu2-8 Bàitập2
Favoritemeforgivingbirth
A.Doesiteverseemlikeyou’reinvitedtoanawfullotofsummerbirthdaygatherings?For
goodreason.IntheUnitedStates,mostbirthsoccurbetweenJuneandearlyNovember.
Count back nine months, and you’ll see that places most concepons in the fall and
winter.What’s going on? Isthe crisp autumn air,or thejoy(or anxiety) of theholiday
season,triggeringmoreunprotectedsexualintercourse?Orisitsomethingelseenrely?
B.Itturnsoutreproduconisseasonalacrossalllivingorganisms,fromplantstoinsects,
toreples,tobirdsandmammals–includinghumanbeings.Theulmateexplanaonfor
thisphenomenonisanevoluonaryone.Earth’senvironmentisseasonal.Aboveorbelow
theequator,theyearisstructuredbythewinter,spring,summerandfall.Inequatorial
regions,thewetanddryseasonspunctuatetheyear.Organismshaveevolvedstrategies
toreproduceatthemeofyearthatwillmaximizetheirlifemereproducvesuccess.
Humans are no excepon and maintain this evoluonary outcome: birth seasonality.
Researchers,including us, haverecently beenworking to understandmore aboutwhy
birthsareseasonalbecausethesepaernscanhaveabigimpactonchildhooddisease outbreaks.
C.Themonthlybirthrateovermewasper1,000people.Overthedecades,it’snota
smoothlinebecauseeachyearhasaninternalpeak.Theannual mingofeachstate’s
peakinnumberofbirthscorrelateswithitslatude.Morenorthernregionsseeabirth 37 Bàitập1 Đoạn2 1.Tanzania
“Some of the biggest clues that something was up
withtheexerciseandweightlossequaonliefarfrom
the gym, on the plains of Tanzania. Here, the Hadza
peopleliveaswealloncedid,ashunter-gatherers.” Từkhoátrongbài: 2.hunter-gatherers “live”=“inhabit”
→Đápánđúngchocâu1là“Tanzania”
→Đápánđúngchocâu2là“hunter-gatherers” Đoạn2
“Totheteam’samazement,theHadzagotthroughonly
slightlymorethanWesternerswhodrivetoajobtosit 3.2600
allday,withthemenusingupabout2600caloriesand
thewomen1900.“Icouldn’tbelieveit,”saysPontzer.”
Phần này cho thấy đàn ông Hadza êu tốn 2600
calo/ngày(energyexpenditure)
→Đápánđúnglà“2600”. Đoạn4
“Herteamkiedoutnearly2000peoplefromtheUS,
Ghana,Jamaica,SouthAfricaandtheSeychelleswith
acvity monitors for eight days to gauge their basic 4.basicpaern
paernofphysicalacvity.” Từkhoátrongbài:
“Gauge”=“measure”
“eightdays”đượcthaybởi“more than a week”
→Đápánđúnglà“basicpaern” 43