Conditional- Sentences - Tiếng Anh | Trường Đại học Quy Nhơn

CÂU ĐIỀUKIỆN
0. CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI ZERO If clause Main clause Simple Present - VERB/ DON’’T + VERB
S + Verb/Verb-s/es -
S + V/ V-s/es ( sự thật)
If he comes in, give him my notes.
If you heat the water to 100C, it boils.
Smoking is harmful if you smoke a pack of cigarette a day.
1. CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 1 ( CÓ THỂ XẢY RA) Cấu trúc: If clause Main clause Simple Present Simple Future
S + Verb/Verb-s/es
S + will/shall + bare infinitive Cách dùng:
Câu điều kiện loại 1 dùng để diễn tả một SỰ KIỆN CÓ THỂ XẢY RA HOẶC CÓ THỂ THỰC
HIỆN ĐƯỢC Ở HIỆN TẠI HOẶC TƯƠNG LAI.
Ví dụ: If the rain stops, I will go for a walk,
2. CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 2 : KHÔNG THỂ XẢY RA Ở HIỆN TẠI , TƯƠNG LAI Cấu trúc: If clause Main clause Past Subjunctive/ Simple Past Present Conditional
S + past form of the verb
S + would/could + bare infinitive ( were cho mọi S)
Thì quá khứ giả định (Past subjunctive) giống như thì quá khứ đơn, riêng động từ “BE” ĐƯỢC
CHIA LÀ “WERE” CHO TẤT CẢ CÁC NGÔI. Cách dùng:
Câu điều kiện loại 2 dùng để diễn tả một sự kiện KHÔNG THỂ XẢY RA HOẶC KHÔNG THỂ
THỰC HIỆN ĐƯỢC Ở HIỆN TẠI HOẶC TƯƠNG LAI.
Ví dụ: If Nam were here, he would know the answer. (But he isn’t here now.)
3. CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 3: KHÔNG THỂ XẢY RA Ở QUÁ KHỨ Cấu trúc: If clause Main clause Past Perfect Perfect Conditional
S + had + past participle (PP)
S + would/could + have + PP Cách dùng:
Câu điều kiện loại 3 dùng để diễn tả một SỰ KIỆN KHÔNG THỂ XẢY RA HOẶC KHÔNG THỂ
THỰC HIỆN ĐƯỢC Ở QUÁ KHỨ.
Ví dụ: If I had invited her to my party, it would have been more fun. (Bui I didn’t.)
Nếu tôi mời cô ấy đến buổi tiệc thì có lẽ đã vui hơn. (Nhưng tôi đã không mời cô ấy.)
4. ****** MIXED CONDITIONALS Cách dùng:
Câu điều kiện này diễn tả ĐIỀU KIỆN GIẢ ĐỊNH Ở QUÁ KHỨ và KẾT QUẢ KHÔNG THỰC HIỆN
ĐƯỢC Ở HIỆN TẠI. Cẩu trúc: If clause Main clause Past Perfect Present Conditional
S + had + past participle (PP)
S + would/could + bare infinitive
Ví dụ: If I had gone to bed early last night I
. wouldn’t feel sleepy now.
(Nếu tối qua tôi đi ngủ sớm thì bây giờ tôi không buồn ngủ.) 5.
KHI BỎ ”IF”: 3 LOẠI ĐỀU ĐẢO NGỮ Chú ý: 5A. LOẠI 1:
SHOULD + S + V, S + WILL/ CAN + V , VERB/ DON’’T V , S + V/V-ES/S
Ví dụ: If he appears, please tell him to wait for me.
→ Should he appear, please tell him to wait for me. 5B. LOẠI 2 :
WERE + S + (TO V) …., S + WOULD/ COULD + V
If I were in your position, I wouldn’t do that.
→ Were I in your position, I wouldn’t do that.
If I had more time my report would be better , .
→ Were I to have more time, my report would be belter. 5C. LOẠI 3:
HAD + S (NOT) + PP (ED/III) , S + WOULD/ COULD + HAVE + PP
If I had invited her to my party, it would have been more fun.
→ Had I invited her to my party, it would have been more fun.
If he hadn’t missed the train, he would be here now .
→ Had he not missed the train, he would be here now. 
BÀI TẬP CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN
Exercise 1: Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.
1. Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people______________the same language? A. spoke B. speak C. had spoken D. will speak
2. If you can give me one good reason for your acting like this,__________this incident again. A. I will never mention B. I never mention C. will 1 never mention D. Í don't mention 3. Unless you _______
all of my questions, I can’t do anything to help you.
A. answered B. answer
C. would answer D. are answering
4. Had you told me that this was going to happen, I__________it.
A. would never have believed B. don’t believe C. hadn’t believed D. can’t believe
5. If John _______ to go on the trip, would you have gone?
A. doesn't agree B. didn’t agree C. hadn’t agreed D. wouldn’t agree
6. I didn’t know you were asleep. Otherwise, I _______so much noise when I came in. A. didn’t make B. wouldn’t have made C. won’t make D. don’t make
7. If I _______ thesame problem you had as a child, I might not have succeeded in life as well as you have. A. have B. would have
C. had had D. should have
8. I _______ you sooner had someone told me you were in hospital. A. would have visited B. visited C. had visited D. visit
9. _______ then what I know today, I would have saved myself a lot of time and trouble over the years.
A. Had I known B. Did I know C. If I know D. If I would know
10. The lecturer last night didn't know what he was talking about, but if Professor Madison _______, I would have listened carefully. A. had been lecturing B. was lecturing C. would lecture D. lectured
Exercise 2: Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.
1. I wouldn’t go there at night if I_________you. A. am B. would be C. were D. had been
2. If I _______ get a pole, I’ll go fishing. A. can B. could C. may D. might
3. If they had enough time, they _______ head south. A. will B. can C. must D. might
4. If you had the chance, _______ you go fishing? A. did B. may C. would D. do
5. If you _______ a choice, which country would you visit? A. have B. had C. have had C. D. will have
6. Trees won't grow _______ there is enough water. A. if B. when C. unless D. as 7.
. _______she agreed, you would have done it. A. If B. Had C. Should D. Would
8. If you _______ to be chosen for the job, you’ll have to be experienced i A. want B. wanted C. had wanted C. D. wants
9, If the doctor had arrived sooner, the boy_________. A. might be saved B. have been saved C. was saved
D. might have been saved
10. If you just approach the job with the right attitude, things__________well.
A. would have turned out B. will turn out C. would turn out D. turns out
Exercise 3: Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.
1. “Can I borrow your car for this evening?” “Sure if Jane___________it back in time, you're welcome to borrow it.” A. brought B. brings C. will bring D. would bring
2. I would go swimming if the weather _______ better. A. is B. will be C. would be D. were
3. I _______ Tom. with me if I had known you didn’t get along with him. A. hadn’t brought B. didn’t bring
C. wouldn't have brought D. won’t bring
4. I _______ you if I need your help. A. would call B. will call C. called D. call
5. If energy _______ inexpensive and unlimited, many things in the world would be different. A. is B. were C. will be D. would be
6. A huge tree crashed through the roof and broke my bed.___________ in the room, I would have been killed. A. Should I be B. Had I been C. Would I be D. Would I have been
7. A nation’s balance of trade is considered unfavourable if it________ more money
on imports than it gains from exports. A. will spend B. would spend
C. can spend D. spends
8 .______any problem with the product, contact our local dealer. A. Do you have B.Should you have C. Had you D.You have
9. Many people who live near nuclear plants are concerned._________go wrong, the
impact on the surrounding area could be disastrous. A. Something would B. Something will C. Should something D. Does something
10. Had I known the carpenter was going to take three days to show up, I___________the
materials and done the work myself. It would be finished by now. A. will get
B. would have got C. might get D. will have got
Exercise 4: Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.
1. The death rate would decrease if hygienic conditions________improved. A. were B. was C. is D. would be
2. The education in Japan__________ if the basic principles of education had not been taken into consideration. A. would go down B. would have gone down C. went down D. had gone down
3. If there ______ ,the ricefields could have been more productive.
A. had been enough water B. were enough water
C. would be enough water D. are enough water
4. The patient could not recover unless he________an operation. A. had undergone B. would undergo C. underwent D. was undergoing
5. If she ________ him, she would be very happy. A. would meet B. will meet
C. is meeting D. should meet
6. If he______ a thorough knowledge of English, he could have applied for this post. A. had had B. had C. has D. has had
7. If I had enough money, I________abroad to improve my English. A. will go B. would go C. should go D. should have to go
8. The bench would collapse if they_________on it. A. stood B. stand C. standing D. stands
9. If it ______ convenient, let’s go out for a drink tonight. A. be B. is C. was D. were
10. If you ______ time, please write to me. A. have B. had C. have had D. has
Exercise 5: Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences. 1. If the car
larger, we would have bought it. A. had been B. has been C. have been D. been
1. If I were to leave my country, I________disappointed. A. probably be
B. would have been C. will be D. would be
2. If he hadn’t wasted too much time, he________in his examination. A. would fail
B. wouldn’t fail C. wouldn’t have failed D. won’t fail
3. If I had taken that English course, I_______much progress. A. had made
B. would have made C. made D. would make
5. If I were in your place, I________a trip to England. A. will make B. had made
C. would make D. made
6. If you ______ inherited a million pounds, what_with the money? A. do you do B. will you do
C. would you do D. are you going to do
7. If you _______ as I told you, you______in such predicament now. A. did - wouldn’t be
B. had done - had not been C. do - would not be
D. had done - would not be
8. Come and work for my company if you_______better to do.
A. have nothing B. will havenothing C. had something D. had nothing
9. If you had done as I told you, I think you _________. A. would succeed B. would have succeeded C. could succeed D. had succeeded
10. If he had got half a markmore, he_________in the exam. A. wouldn’t fail
B. wouldn’t have failed C. won’t fail D. won’t be failing