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Đề thi tiếng anh chuyên ngành Công nghệ thông tin (có đáp án)

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Most input/output
A mouse is a
Most applications software fits
Applications software is
It is common practice in
The arithmetic — logical tmit,
Information systems are often computerized
ENGLISH FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
TEST 1 (Time: 90 minutes)
(Do not use the dictiona1Y)
I. Read the passage and answer the questions
Most input/output devices reside the computer case. These devices communicate with what
is inside the computer case tlu•ough cables attached to the case at a connection called a port,
sending data and/or instructions to the computer and receiving them from the computer.
Most computers have their ports located on the back of the case, but some models put the
ports on the front of the case for easy access. The most popular input devices are a keyboard
and a mouse, and the most popular output devices are a monitor and a printer.
The keyboard is the primmy input devices of a computer. The keyboards that are
standard today are called enhanced keyboards and hold 102 keys. Some keyboards cmved to
be more comfortable for the hands and wrists, and are called ergonomic keyboards. In
addition, some keyboards come equipped with a mouse port a plug into which a mouse
(another input devices) can be attached to the keyboard although it is more common for
mouse port to be located directly on the computer case. Electricity to run the keyboard
comes from inside the computer case and is provided by wires in the keyboard cable.
1. WIIat do input/output devices communicate with?
Input/output devices communicate with what is inside the computer case
2. WIIere are computer posts located?
Most computer ports are located on the back of the case, but some models put the ports on
the front of the case for easy access.
3. What are the most popular input devices?
The most popular input devices are a keyboard and a mouse.
4. WIIat can be attached to the keyboard?
A mouse (another input device) can be attached to the keyboard if the keyboard comes
equipped with a mouse port.
5. What do wires in the keyboard cable provide?
Wires in the keyboard cable provide electricity to run the keyboard from inside the
computer case.
Ill. Put one suitable word into each sentence
Memory Devices Instmctions
Processing Communicate
1. All computers accept and process infonnation in the form as . Instmctions and
characters.
2. There aren't as many different types of . Devices used for giving results as there are for
accepting information.
3. Computers are machines capable of . . . Processing . and outputting data.
4. Computers can still be useful even if they can't . Communicate. with the user.
5. The information necessmy for solving problems is found in the Memory.. . of the
computer.
IV. Use the right form of the words in brackets to make complete sentences
1. A mainframe is . . larger than a minicomputer? (large)
2. Leaming to use a computer is not .. as difficult as . leaming to program. (difficult)
3. A digital computer is more expensive than an analogue one. (expensive)
4. You can save money with a network because you'll need fewer. printers. (few)
5. BASIC is the easiest. programming language to leam. (easy)
V. Use the words given to make complete sentences
1. Computer/ machine/ intricate network/ electronic circuits.
The basic job of computer is the processing of information.
2. Basic job/ computer/ processing/ information.
The basic job of computer is the processing of information.
3. Computer/ made/ of/ electronic/ computers.
Today's computers are made up of more electronic devices than previous computers.
4. Much space/ taken/ up/ input/ output/ device.
Much space is taken up by the input/output devices.
5. Digital computer/ better/ analogue one.
Digital computer is better than an analog one.
ENGLISH FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
TEST 2 (Time: 90 minutes)
(Do not use the dictiona1Y)
2
I. Read the passage and answer the questions
A mouse is a pointing device used to move a pointer on the screen and to make
selection on the screen. The bottom of a mouse houses a rotating ball that is used to track
movement and control the location of the pointer. The one, tow, or three buttons on the top
of the mouse sever different purposes for different software packages. For example,
Windows 98 uses the left mouse button to execute a command and the right mouse button to
display infonnation about the command.
Both the keyboard and the mouse receive input by mechanical means (you press a key or
move the mouse), and this movement is convened into binary data that is input into the
computer.
The monitor and the printer are the tow most popular output devices. The monitor is
the visual device that displays the primalY output of the computer. Once, all monitors were
monochrome (one color), but today they display text and graphics in color. Hardware
manufacturers typically rate a monitor according to the size of its screen (in inches) and by
the number of dots on the screen used for display. A pixel is a dot or tmit of color that is the
smallest tmit of display on a monitor.
A very important output device IS the printer, which produces output on paper, often
called hard copy. The most popular printers available today are ink — jet, laser, dot matrix
printers. The monitor and the printer each needs its own power supply. Electrical power
cords of them connect to electrical outlets. Some times the computer case provided an
electric outlet for the monitor's power cord in order to eliminate the need for one more
power outlet.
1. What is there at the bottom of a mouse?
There is a rotating ball at the bottom of a mouse.
2. How many buttons are there on the top of mouse?
There are one, two, or three buttons on the top of the mouse sever different purposes for
different software packages.
3. How do the keyboard and mouse receive input?
The keyboard and mouse receive input by mechanical means (you can press a key or move
the mouse), and this movement is converted into binary data that is input into computer.
4. What is the monitor?
The monitor is the visual device that display the primary output of the computer.
5. What kinds of printers are the most popular today?
The most popular printers available today are ink - jet, laser, dot matrix printers.
Ill. Put one suitable word into each sentence
Device Circuits Devices
Memory Terminal
1. Every computer has Circuits for performing arithmetic operating.
2. A Terminal with a screen is normally referred to as a CRT display unit.
3
3. A computer is a Device that possesses information in the form of program and
data.
4. Card readers, tape drives, or disk drives are different Devices for inputting
information.
5. A computer can store information in a Memory
IV. Use the right form of the words in brackets to make complete sentences
1. Various tenninals . .. to this work station. (connect)
2. Microcomputers . as PUS. (Imow)
3. Magazines . by computers. (type set)
4. Hard disks . for the permanent storage of infonnation. 5. WIIen a
computer program is Inn, the data . by the computer velY rapidly.
(process)
V. Use the words given to make complete sentences
1. Today/ we/ still count/ tens/ multiples/ ten.
Today, we still count in ten and multiples of tens.
2. Analogue computer/ use/ World War Il/ help/ aim/ gums.
Analog computer was used in World War II to help aim guns.
3. All/ operations/ ALU/ be/ under direction/ control/ tmit.
All the operations of the ALU are under the direction of the control unit.
4. Main storage/ CPU/ connected/ a console.
Main storage and the CPU are connected to a console
5. Many mini/ micro computer/ not/ have/ console.
Many mini and micro computer (system) do not have a console.
VI. Translate the sentences into English
1. Chiếc máy tính tương tự đầu tiên được người Mĩ chế tạo
vào năm 1930 nhằm phục vụ cho chiến tranh thế giới lần thứ
hai ...
The first analog computer was built in 1930 by an American
to serve World-War II.
2. Thước loga được phát minh ra cách đây hàng trăm năm.
The slide rule was invented hundreds of years ago.
3. Máy tính bao gồm 2 phần chính, đó là phần cứng và phần
mềm.
Computer system consists of two components: software and
hardware.
4. Hệ thống máy vi tính hoàn chỉnh bao gồm bộ vi xử lý, bộ
nhớ và thiết bị ngoại vi
A complete computer system consists of processor, memory
and peripheral devices.
5. Các sản phẩm hoàn thiện được gọi là chìa khóa trao tay.
4
The complete (hardware and software) products are called
turnkey systems.
Name:.
Class: .
ENGLISH FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
TEST 3 (Time: 90 minutes)
(Do not use the dictiona1Y)
I. Read the passage and answer the questions
Most applications software fits into eight categories: word processing, spread sheet,
database management, graphics, communications, games, mathematical modeling, and
software development tools. There are many different products in each software category.
For example, some popular database management packages include Access, Paradox, and
Film make, and two popular word — processing packages include Word and WordPerfect.
(4)
Some applications software manufacturers are producing suites of software, which
combine a word processing program and spreadsheet program, and usually include a
database management program, a presentation package, an e — mail package, and a Word
Wide Web browser package. Suites provide many advantages, including the fact that the
programs tend to use the same basic instruction sets; the programs are designed to make it
easy to move data from one suite program to another; and files within a suite's programs can
be linked, so that updates to data or text are automatically recorded in all linked files.
l . Is communications a kind of applications software?
Yes, it is
2. WIIat does each software category consist of?
Each software category consists of many different products.
3. WIIat kinds of applications software are being produced?
Applications software are being produced is suite of software.
4. How are updates to data or text automatically recorded in all linked files?
The programs are designed to make it easy to move data from one suite program to
another and files within a suite's program can be linked so that updates to data or text
automatically recorded in all linked files.
5. WIIat are the names of the two popular word - processing packages mentioned in the
text?
The names of the two popular word - processing packages mentioned in the text are
Word and WordPerfect.
Ill. Put one suitable word into each sentence
CPU processes purpose memory
hardware
1. Information processing takes places in the processes . not in the input device or the output
device.
2. The hardware. refers to all the electromechanical devices used in a computer installation.
3. Magnetic tape and magnetic disk units are used as secondary memory . storage devices.
5
4. A computer isn't usually single purpose. machine and may require specialized personnel
to operate it.
5. All other devices used in a computer system a attached to the CPU
IV. Use the right form of the words in brackets to make complete sentences
1. In some modem system, information . . . . . is held . . . . . . in optical disks. (hold)
2. All the activities of the computer system . are coordinated . by central processing
mit. (coordinate)
3. The chug detecting test in the tour de France is supported . by computers. (support)
4. The first analogue computer . was built by . . an American named Vanne Var Bush.
(build) 5. The second generation of computer . was developed . to perform work ten time
faster than their predecessors. (develop)
V. Use the words given to make complete sentences
1. Computers/ design/ process/ information/ call/ data.
Computers were designed to process information called data
2. Information/ present/ machine/ input.
Information is presented as machine input.
3. Electrical/ signals/ not/ have/ travel/ far.
Electric signals do not have to travel far.
5. There/ be/ one/ problem/ semiconductor memory.
There is one problem with semiconductor memory
6. There/ be/ three types/ memory.
There are three types of memory
VI. Translate the sentences into English
1. Một hệ thống máy tính hoàn thiện cần cả phần cứng và phần mềm.
A complete computer system needs both hardware and software.
2. Máy tính có nghĩa là bộ xử lý và bộ nhớ trong.
The computer means processor and the internal memory
3. Máy tính lớn là những cỗ máy mạnh mẽ và khổng lồ.
Mainframes are huge powerful machine
4. Thiết bị ngoại vi của máy tính lớn chiếm rất nhiều khoảng không.
The peripheral devices of mainframe take much space
5. Máy tính số giống như 1 chiếc máy tính tiền khổng lồ. Nó có thể tính toán rất nhanh và
chính xác.
The digital computer is like a gigantic cash register. It can do calculations at tremendous
speed and with great accuracy.
5.
Name:.
Class: .
ENGLISH FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
TEST 4 (Time: 90 minutes)
6
(Do not use the dictiona1Y)
I. Read the passage and answer the questions
Applications software is designed to work on top of a palticular OS. "On top of' here
means that the application depends on the OS, such as MS — DOS or OS/2, in order to run.
For example, consider a situation in which DOS loads and executes it. The application can
not run or even load itself without DOS, much as a document cannot be edited without a
word processing program. DOS stays available to the application for the entire time the
application is running. The application passes celtain fimctions to DOS, such as reading
from a CD — ROM or printing.
In general an application written to work with one OS will necessarily work with
another. An application written to run on DOS does not work on a Macintosh system. There
are, however, some exceptions. For instance, OS/2 is written so that any application
designed to work with DOS also works with OS/2, an excellent early selling point for OS/2.
However, to take full advantage of a DOS's power and an application's power, you should
try to buy applications software written specifically for the OS that you are using.
l . WIIat is the aim of applications software ?
The aim of application software is: It can work on top of a particular OS
2. Can applications software run without DOS?
No, they can not.
3. WIIat functions does the application pass to DOS?
The application passes certain functions to DOS such as reading from CD-Rom or
printing.
4. WIIat does not work on a Macintosh system?
. An application written to run on DOS does not work on a Macintosh system
5. WIIat should you do if you want to take full advantage of an OS's power ?
If I want to take full advantage of an OS's power I should buy software written
specifically for the OS that you are using.
Ill. Put one suitable word into each sentence
Hardware Software Peripheral
Application Processing
1. A computer system consists of two components: hardware and . Software
2. The central . Processing. tmit and the peripherals constitute the hardware component.
3. System software and Application . software comprise the software component.
4. Devices that are used for secondmy storage are considered polt of Hardware component.
5. The devices along with input and output devices are referred to as Peripheral devices.
IV. Use the right form of the words in brackets to make complete sentences
1. COBOL . is used for business applications. (use)
2. In the next century, computers will be programmed in natural languages like English or
French. (program)
3. Original programs were written in a high level language. (mite)
4. A new version of Turbo Pascal . has . . just been release. (release)
5. All computer languages must . be translated . into binary commands. (translate)
7
V. Use the words given to make complete sentences
1. Software/ programs/ control/ coordinate/ activities/ compute hardware.
Software programs control and coordinate the activities of computer hardware
2. Basic computers/ computer hardware/ join/ together.
The basic components of computer hardware joined together
3. A disk driver/ equipped/ two/ recording/ heads.
A disk driver is equipped with two recording heads
4. Non - impact printers/ be/ used/ very high speed.
Non - impact printers are used for very high speed
5. Many lines/ printed/ same time.
Many lines are printed at the same time
VI. Translate the sentences into English
1. Máy tính tương tự hoạt động giống như đồng hồ đo
tốc độ của xe ôtô.
The analog computer works like a car speedometer
2. Máy tính lai là sự kết hợp của cả máy tính số và máy
tính tương tự.
The Hybrid computer is a combination of both digital
and analog computers
3. CPU chịu trách nhiệm về mọi hoạt động diễn ra bên
trong máy tính.
The CPU is responsible for all the activities taking place
within a computer.
4. Bộ nhớ phụ và bộ nhớ trong không nằm cùng 1 nơi
trong máy tính.
Secondary memory and internal memory are not located
in the same place in the computer system
5. Máy tính nhỏ chỉ dùng cho một ứng dụng cố định và
chạy một chương trình đơn lẻ.
Minicomputers are used (merely) for a fixed application
and run a single program.
Name:.
Class: .
ENGLISH FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
TEST 5 (Time: 90 minutes)
(Do not use the dictiona1Y)
I. Read the passage and answer the questions
It is common practice in computer science for the words "computer" and
"processor" to be used interchangeably. More precisely, "computer" refers to the central
processing unit (CPU) together with an intemal mem01Y. The intemal memory or main
storage, control and processing components make up the healt of the computer system.
Manufactures design the CPU to control and cany out basic instmctions for their
particular computer.
8
The CPU coordinates all the activities of the various components of the computer.
It determines which operations should be can•ied out and in what order. The CPU can
also retrieve information from mem01Y and can store the results of manipulations back
into the memory tmit for later reference.
In digital computer the CPU can be divided into two functional units called the
control unit (CU) and the arithmetic logical unit (ALU). These two tmits are made up
of electronic circuits with millions of switches that can be in one of two states, either on
or off.
The function of the control unit within the central processor is to transmit
coordinating control signals and commands. The control unit is that portion of the
computer that directs the sequence or step — by step operations of the system, selects
instructions and data from mem01Y, interprets the program instructions, and controls
the flow between main storage and the arithmetic — logical tmit.
1. WIIat does the tenn "computer" refer to?
The term "computer" refers to the central processing unit (CPU) together with an internal
memory
2. WIIat does the healt of the computer system consist of?
The heart of the computer system consists of the internal memory or main storage, control
and processing components
3. WIIat does the CPU determine?
The CPU determines which operations should be carried out and in what order.
4. What are the two functional units of the CPU?
The CPU determines which operations should be carried out and in what order
5. Can the central processor transmit coordinating control signs and commands?
Yes, the central processor (specifically the control unit within it) can transmit
coordinating control signals and commands.
Ill. Put one suitable word into each sentence
Equipment Computer Calculations Digital Powerful
1. A mainframe is a type of . Computer . . . that can sit on top of a desk.
2. Mainframes are very Powerful and can execute jobs very rapidly and easily.
3. The analogue computer is far smaller than a Digital computer
4. Mainframes are huge machines whose peripheral Equipment takes up a lot of space.
5. The digital computer continuously works out Calculations
IV. Use the right form of the words in brackets to make complete sentences
1. In the 1970s, new languages such as LISP and PROLOG Were designed. for
research into Artificial Intelligence. (design)
2. The ADA language. Was developed .in 1979. (develop)
3. The surface of a floppy disk . is divided. into concentric circles or "tracks".
(divide)
4. Information stored in the RAM IS LOST. when the computer is tumed off.
(lose)
5. All computers .are made. up of groups of elements. (make)
9
V. Use the words given to make complete sentences
1. Mainframes/ large computer systems/ find/ computer installations.
Mainframes are the large computer systems found in computer installations
2. Digital computer/ know/ as/ general — purpose.
Digital computer is known as general - purpose (machine)
3. Computer/ capable/ storing/ manipulating numbers.
Computer is capable of storing and manipulating numbers
4. Computers/ have/ circuits/ which/ decisions.
Computers have circuits which can make decisions
5. Computer/ not/ do/ anything/ unless/ persow' tell/ what/ do.
Computer can not do anything unless person tells it what to do.
VI. Translate the sentences into English
1.Tất cả các máy tính đều có chung một số đặc điểm, chưa kể đến thiết kế hay chế
tạo.
All computers have several characteristics in common, regardless of make or design
2. Một trong những đặc điểm quan trọng nhất của máy tính là khả năng lưu trữ thông
tin
trong bộ nhớ của nó.
One of the most important characteristics of computers is to hold (storing)
information in its memory
3. Máy có thể loại bỏ nhiều công việc buồn tẻ và nhàm chán ra khỏi đời sống của
chúng
ta, khiến ta có nhiều thời gian hơn cho những công việc thú vị và mang tính sáng
tạo.
Computers can remove many of the routine and boring tasks from our lives, thereby
leaving us with more time for interesting and creative works.
4. Máy tính đã làm thay đổi rất nhiều về điều kiện làm việc của chúng ta.
Computers have changed our condition of working very much.
5. Dữ liệu có thể được lưu vào các thiết bị lưu trữ phụ như băng từ, đĩa từ.
Data can be stored on secondary memory devices such as magnetic tape, magnetic
disk.
Name:.
Class: .
ENGLISH FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
TEST 6 (Time: 90 minutes)
(Do not use the dictiona1Y)
I. Read the passage and answer the questions
10
The arithmetic — logical tmit, on the other hand, is that poltion of the computer in
which the actual arithmetic operations, namely, addition, subtraction, multiplication,
division and exponentiation, called for in the instructions are performed. It also perfonns
some kinds of logical operations such as comparing or selecting information. All the
operations of the ALU are under the direction of the control tmit.
Programs and the data on which the control unit and the ALU operate, must be in
intemal memory in order to be processed. Thus, if located on seconda1Y memory
devices such as disks or tapes, programs and data and first loaded into intemal memory.
Main storage and the CPU are connected to a console, where manual control
operations can be performed by an operator. The console is an important, but special
purpose, piece of equipment. It is used mainly when the computer is being stalted up, or
during maintenance and repair. Many mini and micro systems do not have a console.
1. Does the arithmetic — logical unit perform some kinds of logical operations?
Yes, it does
2. W"hy must programs and data be in intemal memory?
Programs and data must be in internal memory in order to be processed.
3. WIIat are the main storage and the CPU connected to?
The main storage and the CPU connected to a console
4. WIIen is the console used?
It is used mainly when the computer is being started up or during maintenance and repair
5. Do all kinds of computers have a console?
No, they don’t.
Il. Translate part of the text into Vietnamese (The arithmetic logical unit
. . the control tmit.)
mặt khác bộ logic học là một phần của máy tính trong đó các phép tính số học như cộng,
trừ nhân chia và luỹ thừa được thực hiện theo lệnh và chỉ thị. Nó cũng thực hhiện một số
phép toán logic chẳng hạn như so sánh hay lựa chọn thông tin. Tất cả hoạt động của ALU
đều dưới sự chỉ đạo của bộ điều khiển.
Ill. Put one suitable word into each sentence
An output device Computer Storage
Logical Control
1. The CPU is composed of arithmetic .. logical unit.
2. The CPU is responsible for all the activities taking place within a . Computer
3. The processor cannot operate on any information if the information is not in main
Storage
4. Only after the data has been processed by the CPU can the results be transmitted to
An device
5. In digital computers, the CPU can be divided into two functional tmits called the output.
unit and the arithmetic logical tmit.
IV. Use the right form of the words in brackets to make complete sentences
11
1. A computer is limited in its ability by the . of man. (imagine/
imagination)
2. Many tenninals can be . . . to a basic system if the need arises.
(add/ added)
3. There can be many . involved in setting up a computer in an old
building. (complications/ complicate)
4. There isn't a very big . in flowcharting for a program to be mitten
in COBOL or FORTRAN. (differ different)
5. Computers are machines. (rely/ reliable)
V. Use the words given to make complete sentences
1. CPU/ designed/ control/ carry out/ basic instructions.
The CPU is designed to control and carry out basic instructions
2. CPU/ digital computer/ divided/ two functional units.
The CPU of digital computer is divided into two functional units.
3. 17th and 18th centuries/ many people/ try/ find/ easy ways/ calculating.
During 17
th
and 18
th
centuries many people tried to find easy ways of calculating
4. Second generation/ computers/ be/ smaller/ dependable than/ first –
generation/computers.
The second generation computers were smaller and more dependable than the first-
generation computers.
5. First real/ calculating machine/ save/ lot/ time.
The first real calculating machine saved a lot of time.
VI. Translate the sentences into English
1. Thiết bị ngoại vi bao gồm các thiết bị đầu vào, đầu ra, các thiết bị nhớ phụ, .v.v.
The peripheral devices consist of input/output devices, secondary memory devices, etc…
2. Các thiết bị ngoại vi khác nhau như bộ đọc thẻ, bàn phím đều được nối với bộ xử lý
trung tâm.
The various peripheral devices such as card reader, keyboard are attached to the CPU.
3. Phần mềm máy tính có thể chia làm 2 loại: phần mềm ứng dụng và phầm mềm hệ
thống.
Computer software can be divided into two broad categories: application software and
systems software.
4. Phầm mềm hệ thống thường được gọi đơn giản là “hệ thống”. Nó chỉ đạo máy tính thực
hiện các tác vụ.
System software is often simply called “systems”. It directs the computer to perform tasks.
5. Phầm mềm ứng dụng có thể được cung cấp kèm theo phần cứng như là một phần của
sản phẩm máy tính nhằm đáp ứng một nhu cầu nhất định.
Application software may be provided along with the hardware as a part of a computer
product (designed) to answer a specific need.
ENGLISH FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
TEST 7 (Time: 90 minutes)
(Do not use the dictiona1Y)
I. Read the passage and answer the questions
12
Information systems are often computerized because of the need to respond quickly
and flexibly to queries. At the bottom level in the infonnation hierarchy are the transactions
processing systems, which capture and process intemal information, such as sales,
production and stock data. These produce the working documents of the business, such as
invoices and statements. Typically, these are first systems which a company will install.
Above the transaction level systems are the decision support systems. These take
extemal infonnation — market trends and other extemal financial data and processed
intemal infonnation, such as sales trends, to produce strategic plans, forecasts, and budgets.
Often such systems are put together with PC spreadsheets and other unconnected tools.
Management infonnation systems lie at the top of the hierarchy of information needs. The
N'flS takes the plans and information from the transaction level systems to monitor the
performance of the business as a whole. This provides feedback to aid strategic planning,
forecasting, and/or budgeting, which in turn affects what happens at the transactional level.
1. Why are information system often computerized?
Information systems are often computerized because of the need to respond quickly and
flexibly to queries.
2. What produce the working documents of the business?
The transactions processing systems produce the working documents of the business
3. Where are the transactions processing system?
The transactions processing system are at the bottom level in the information hierarchy
4. What do decision support systems take to produce strategic plans …?
The decision support systems take external information – market trends and other external
financial data – and processed internal information, such as sales trends to produce strategic
plans.
5. What do Management information systems take to monitor the performance of the
business?
The Management information systems take takes the plans and information from the
transaction – level systems to monitor the performance of the business as a whole.
Ill. Put one suitable word into each sentence
Memory Minicomputer Core
Capacity Unmagnified
1. Early computer memories had less storage . Capacity. . than newer ones.
2. The development of chips made it possible for Minicomputer . and microcomputers to be
invented.
3. There are at least three different kinds of .. Memory . used in computers.
4. Core memory uses small metal rings which can be magnetized or Unmagnified
5. Semiconductor mem01Y was developed before Memory memory and after bubble
memory.
IV. Use the right form of the words in brackets to make complete sentences
1. Some people are good at inventing . stories. (imaginative/ imagine)
2. and subtraction are two basic mathematical operations. (add/ addition)
3. It is sometimes a very . process getting into a computer installation for
security reasons. (complication/ complicated)
4. There are many . . computer manufacturers today. (differ/
different)
5. If you don't know the meaning of a computer term you cannot always
. . on an all — purpose dictionary for the answers. (reliable/ rely)
V. Use the words given to make complete sentences
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1. One/ most/ important characteristics/ a computer/ be/ ability/ store/ information/ long.
One of the most important characteristics of a computer is the ability of storing information
long.
2. Mainframes/ been/ reduce/ both/ size/ cost.
Mainframes have been reduced in both size and cost.
3. Peripheral/ devices/ such/ card readers/ attach/ the CPU.
The peripheral devices such as card reader are attached to the CPU.
4. Computer/ respond/ certain number/ instructions.
A computer can only respond to certain number of instructions.
5. Computing power/ become/ portable/ more impact/ cheap.
Computing power has become portable, more compact, and cheaper.
1. Máy tính số được sử dụng nhiều hơn bất kỳ loại máy tính nào khác.
Digital Computers are used more than any other type of CPU
2. Máy tính số đôi khi được gọi là máy tính đa năng. Dữ liệu cung cấp cho nó là các mã
được tạo thành bởi các con số
The digital sometimes is known as general purpose computer. The data that are presented to
it are made up of code consisting of digits- single –character numbers.
3. Các nhân viên văn phòng sử dụng nhiều ứng dụng của máy tính như xử lý văn bản và
cơ sở dữ liệu.
Office workers use many computer applications such as word processing and databases.
4. Đĩa mềm được làm từ nhựa mềm với bề mặt có thể từ hóa được.
Floppy disks are made of flexible plastic material which has a magnetizable surface.
5. Đầu đọc có thể chuyển thông tin từ đĩa đến bộ nhớ của máy tính.
Reading heads are capable of transferring information from a disk to the memory of
the computer.
Test 8
As mentioned earlier, one of the most important characteristics of a computer is its ability to
store information in memory long enough to process it. Not all computers use the same type
of memory. In this section, three types of memory are discussed: core memory,
semiconductor (or chip) memory, and bubble memory.
The memory of the first computers was made from a grid of fine wires arranged horizontally
and vertically. At each intersection where the wires crossed, there was a ferrite ring called a
core (hence the name “core memory”) which could be magnetized or demagnetized. Each
intersection had its own unique address; therefore, when an electric current passed through
the wires, the magnetized core could be identified by its corresponding address.
Each core represented a binary digit, 0 or 1, depending on its magnetic state. Early
computers had a memory capacity of about 80,000 bits, whereas today it is no surprise to
hear of computers with memory capacities of millions of bits. This became possible due to
the invention of the transistor and the development of integrated circuit technology.
As a result, computers have become smaller in size and lower in cost. Throughout the 1950s
and 1960s and up until the mid-1970s, core memory dominated the market.
I. Read the passage and answers the questions
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1. Is a computer’s capability of storing information important?
Yes, it is.
2. How many types of memory are discussed?
There are three types of memory are discussed. They are core memory, semiconductor
memory, and bubble memory.
3. Is the core memory a new invention?
Yes, it is.
4. What did each core represent?
Each core represented a binary digit of either 0 or 1, depending on its state.
5. What is the memory capacity of a computer today?
The memory capacity of a computer today is millions of bits.
II. Translate part of the text into Vietnamese
Bộ nhớ của máy tính đầu tiên được chế tạo bằng một loại mạng lưới làm bằng dây kim
loại mảnh đan ngang dọc. Tại mỗi điểm nơi các dây giao nhau có một vòng ferit nhỏ gọi
là lõi (do vậy có tên là bộ nhớ lõi từ) có khả năng từ hoá hoặc khử từ được. Mỗi giao
điểm có một địa chỉ duy nhất, do đó khi dòng điện chạy qua dây, các lõi từ bị hoá cũng
như khử tử được nhận ra qua địa chỉ riêng của chúng. Mỗi lõi từ được tiêu biểu cho một
số nhị phân 1 hoặc 0, tuỳ theo trạng thái của nó. Các máy tính ban đầu có khoảng 80000
bit trong khi đó hiện nay chẳng có gì đáng ngạc nhiên khi nghe về bộ nhớ hàng triệu bit.
Điều này có thể thực hiện được do sự ra đời của transitor và do sự chế tạo các mạch
được thu nhỏ. Vì thế máy tính cái đã giảm bớt kích cỡ cũng như giá cả. Suốt những năm
50, 60 và cho đến giữa những năm 1970 bộ nhớ lõi từ vẫn chiếm lĩnh trên thị trường.
III. Put one suitable word into each sentence
RAM Fields Hard Data Disks
1. Secondary storage is limited in size and is often too small to contain all the necessary
data.
2. Floppy disk should be kept in their protective envelope when not in use.
3. Magnetic fields do not destroy data on floppy disks.
4. Information stored in RAM is lost when the computer is turned off.
5. Data and applications are stored in either hard or floppy disks which
provide a more permanent backing store.
IV. Use the right form of the words in brackets to make complete sentences
1. It is practically impossible to imagine the speed at which a computer number.
(imagine/ imaginable)
2. When buying a system, there is often no additional charge for the programs.
(added/ additional)
3. It is sometimes very complicated to explain computer concepts.
(complicated/complicatedly)
4. The opinions of programmers as to the best way of solving a problem often differ greatly.
(difference/ differ)
5. Computers can do mathematical operations quickly and reliably (reliably/Reliability)
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V. Use the words given to make complete sentences
1. There/ be/ two kind/ disk drivers.
There are two kinds of disk drivers
2. Information/ disk/ organized/ terms/ blocks.
Information on a disk is organized in terms of blocks
3. Computer software/ divided/ two very/ broad categories.
Computer software can be divided into two very broad categories
4. Poorly chosen/ system/ incapable/ performing/ tasks.
A poorly chosen system can be (a monstrosity) incapable of performing the tasks
5. Data/ instructions/ store/ internal memory.
Data and instructions are stored in the internal memory.
VI. Translate the sentences into English
1. Những gì chúng ta nhìn thấy trên màn hình là được tạo ra và lưu trữ trong RAM.
What we see on the screen is created and stored in an area of RAM
2. Các ký tự và hình ảnh mà chúng ta thấy trên màn hình được tạo thành bởi các điểm
được gọi là phần tử ảnh.
The characters and pictures that we see on the screen are made up of dots called picture
elements (pixels).
3. Số lượng phần tử ảnh càng lớn thì cho ta hình ảnh càng rõ nét.
A large number of pixels give a much clearer image
4. Màn hình được điều khiển bởi 1 bảng mạch riêng được gọi là bộ điều hợp màn hình.
The monitor is controlled by a separate circuit board called the display adaptor.
5. Màn hình xách tay sử dụng màn hình tinh thể lỏng thay cho đèn hình.
Portable computer displays use a flat liquid crystal display instead of a picture tube.
Test 9
In the 70s, there was a higher development that revolutionized the field of computers. It was
the ability to print thousands of integrated circuits on a small piece of silicon (called a chip),
which is a non-metallic element with semiconductor properties. These chips have thousands
of identical circuits, each capable of storing one bit. Due to the very small size of the chip,
and because the circuits are printed on it, electrical signals do not have to travel far;
therefore, they are transmitted faster. Moreover, the size of the components containing the
circuits could be considered reduced, a step that led to the advent of both minicomputers and
microcomputers. Hence, computers became smaller, faster, and cheaper. There was only one
problem with semiconductor memory, however: when power is lost, the information in the
memory is lost, unlike core memory, which has the capability to retain information during a
power failure.
Another development in the field of computer memory was bubble memory. The idea
involved creating a thin film of alloy in the memory. When this film is magnetized, it creates
magnetic bubbles; the presence or absence of which represents a bit of information. These
magnetic bubbles are extremely small, with a diameter of about 0.1 micrometers.
Consequently, a magnetic bubble memory is capable of storing information at a higher
density than previously existing memories, making it suitable for extremely small machines.
Bubble memories are inexpensive, consume little power, are small in size, and have high
reliability. They have a lot to offer for future research and development in this field.
16
I. Read the passage and answers the questions
1. What further development was there in the 1790s?
It was the ability to etch thousands of integrated circuits onto a tiny piece (chip) of silicon,
which is a non – metallic element with semiconductor characteristics.
2. How many circuits do chips have?
Chips have thousands of identical circuits.
3. What are the two advantages of very small size chips?
The two advantages of very small size chips are: the electrical signals are transmitted faster
and the size of the components containing the circuitry can be considerably reduced.
4. What is not good about semiconductor memory?
The not good about semiconductor is information in the memory is lost when the power is
removed.
5. What type of computer is magnetic bubble memory suitable for?
The magnetic bubble memory is suitable for microcomputers.
II. Translate part of the text into Vietnamese
Một bước phát triển khác trong lĩnh vực bộ nhớ máy tính là bộ nhớ bọt từ. Khái niệm
bao gồm cách tạo ra một màng phim mỏng bằng hợp kim lên trên mặt bằng bộ nhớ. khi
màng phim này bị từ hoá, nó tạo thành những bọt từ, sự hiện diện hay vắng mặt của nó
tượng trưng cho một bit thông tin. Những bọt từ này cực nhỏ, đường kích khoảng 0,1
micromet. Vì thế bộ nhớ bọt từ có thể lưu trữ thông tin với mật độ lớn hơn các bộ nhớ
hiện có, điều này làm cho nó phù hợp với máy vi tính. Bộ nhớ từ không đắt tiền tiêu thụ
ít điện, kích thước nhỏ và độ tin cậy cao. Có lẽ người ta vẫn còn học hỏi nghiên cứu
nhiều về lĩnh vực này.
III. Put one suitable word into each sentence
Output Impact (2)
Capable Printer
1. Laser writer are capable of printing more than one line at a time.
2. Line printers are much faster than other impact printer.
3. A printed output of the data – processing operation is valuable because it provides a
permanent record of the results.
4. Chain printers give a better quality printing than drum printer
5. Thermal and electrostatic printers are capable of shading whereas impact printers are not.
IV. Use the right form of the words in brackets to make complete sentences
1. Programs written in a high – level language require compilation or translation
into a machine code. (compiler/ compilation)
2. Most computer programmers make a plan of the program before they write it.
This program is called flowchart. (program/ programmers)
3. One of the first persons to note that the computer is malfunctioning is the computer
operator. (operator/ operation)
4. It is acceptable to work without a template if the flowcharts are not kept in
file. (acceptable/ accepted)
17
5. Converting an algorithm into a sequence of instructions in a programming language is
called programming (programmer/ programming)
V. Use the words given to make complete sentences
1. Central computers/ become/ faster/ powerful.
Central computer became faster and more powerful.
2. Small machines/ equipped/ a fairly large display.
Small machines are equipped with a fairy large display.
3. CRT terminals/ be/ very/ powerful/ interactive.
CRT terminal are very powerful interactive devices.
4. New output/ devices/ have/ developed/ bridge/ gaps/ between/ various devices.
New output devices have been developed to bridge the gaps between the various devices.
5. It/ be/ possible/ these devices/ change/ style/ size/ the letters.
It is possible with these devices to change the style and size of the letters.
VI. Translate the sentences into English
1. “Hệ thống” là ám chỉ một tập hợp các bộ phận thống nhất cùng làm việc với nhau để
tạo nên một tổng thể có ích.
A “system” implies a good mixture of integrated parts working together to form a useful
whole.
2. Máy tính được xem như là một hệ thống bao gồm phần cứng và phần mềm.
A computer can be considered as a system made up of hardware and software.
3. Phần cứng máy tính là nói đến những bộ phận của hệ thống máy tính mà bạn có thể
nhìn thấy được.
Computer hardware refers to the parts of the computer system that you can see.
4. Bàn phím, màn hình, ổ đĩa và máy in là những thiết bị phần cứng.
Keyboard, monitor and disk driver are hardware devices.
5. Phân mềm máy tính nói tới các chương trình hay các lệnh điều khiển phần cứng thực
hiện tác vụ cụ thể.
Computer software refers to the computer programs or instructions which direct the
hardware to perform the task.
Test 10
Because the central computer became faster and more powerful, it could establish many
remote display stations from which all operators could use the same computer to display
information and enter data. Then, even smaller machines were equipped with a rather wide
display screen and a keyboard, oriented for use by individuals with limited training, rather
than being geared towards highly skilled operators.
18
For many interactions with computers, a permanent record is not necessary. Therefore, the
output is scanned once and then discarded, creating significant paper waste. To solve this
problem, terminals using a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) can be used. In addition to eliminating
paper waste, these terminals are very quiet, and generally safer than a hard-copy terminal.
Due to their speed and silence, CRT terminals are useful interactive devices for use in
offices and other areas. The electronic circuits used inside them are very similar to the
circuits in television receivers.
These display terminals are diverse and colorful. Initially, they displayed black-and-white
character patterns, but with more highly developed devices, regular characters can often be
displayed, and some options include blinking or double-sized characters. Some screens can
create "negative characters" on a bright background or even create each character in a
different color if desired. The latter feature is an important one for attracting attention when
a value is unusual.
I. Read the passage and answer the questions
1. Why was it possible to establish many remote display stations?
Because central computers became faster and more powerful, it was possible to establish
many remote display stations.
2. What kind of terminal is used to eliminate paper waste?
Cathode ray tube (CRT) is used to eliminate paper waste.
3. What are display terminals like?
Display terminals are like TV screen. (?)
4. Are CRT terminals fast and quiet?
Yes, they are
5. Can lower – case letters be displayed in underdeveloped devices?
Yes, it can.
II. Translate part of the text into Vietnamese
Do máy tính trung tâm ngày càng trở nên nhanh hơn và mạnh hơn nên có thể thiết bị lập
nhiều trạm hiển thị từ xa, từ những trạm này thao tác viên có thể sử dụng cùng máy tính
đó để hiển thị thông tin và nhập số liệu. Sau này ngay cả máy nhỏ cũng được trang bị
màn hình tương đối lớn và bàn phím cho những người sử dụng có trình độ sử dụng giới
hạn hơn là cho những thao tác viên máy tính có kỹ thuật cao.
III. Put one suitable word into each sentence
Devices paper visual which video
1. Modern terminals have numerous feature which can be of use in computer
– assisted instruction.
2. The development of CRT terminals help reduce the problem of wasted paper
3. Terminals with visual screens and hard copy output are useful for checking student
record.
4. The full power of video display terminals may soon be realized.
In recent years, new output devices have been developed to bridge the gaps between the
various devices.
IV. Use the right form of the words in brackets to make complete sentences
1. Computers are thought to have many remarkable powers. (think)
2. A computer cannot do anything unless a person tells it what to do and
gives it appropriate in formation. (do)
19
3. The first real calculating machine appeared in 1820 as the result of several
people’s experiments. (appear)
4. Charge Babbage could be called the father of computer. (call)
5. Instructions used by computers are always kept inside the computer’s memory.
(always keep)
V. Use the words given to make complete sentences
1. Mainframes/ process/ immense amounts/ data.
Mainframes process immense amounts of data.
2. Smaller’ computer/ take/ several steep/ perform/ particular operation.
Small computers (may) take several steps to perform a particular operation.
3. Digital computer/ make/ up/ 90 percent/ large computers.
Digital computer makes up about 90 percent of large computers(now in use)
4. Digital computer/ be/ much/ good/ than/ analogue one.
A digital computer is much better than an analogue one.
5. The power/ consumption/ these/ machines/ be/ quite/ high.
The power consumption of these machines is also quite high.
VI. Translate the sentences into English
1. Máy tính đã từng được xem như là 1 chiếc máy cộng cực lớn.
Computer has often been thought of as extremely large adding machines
2. Thuật ngữ “máy tính” bao gồm những bộ phận của phần cứng mà ở đó các phép tính và
các thao tác dữ liệu được thực hiện.
The term “computer” includes those parts of hardware in which calculations and other data
manipulation are performed.
3. Máy tính có thể loại bỏ rất nhiều công việc buồn tẻ ra khỏi cuộc sống của chúng ta.
Computer can remove many of the routine and boring tasks from our lives.
4. Máy tính có thể giả quyết hàng loạt vấn đề mà không trở nên mệt mỏi hay buồn chán.
A computer can solve a series of problems without becoming tired or bored.
5. Ý tưởng chính về 1 chiếc máy tính là chúng ta có thể buộc nó làm những việc chúng ta
muốn.
BÀI DỊCH
Bài 1.
Hầu hết các thiết bị vào ra đều nằm ở vỏ máy tính. Các thiết bị này giao tiếp với những phần
bên trong vỏ máy thông qua cáp được gắn vào vỏ máy ở chỗ kết nối gọi là cổng, gởi dữ liệu
hoặc là các lệnh đến máy tính và nhận chúng từ máy tính. Hầu hết các máy tính có các cổng
được định vị ở mặt sau của vỏ máy, nhưng có một vài loại thì thì đặt cổng ở đằng trước của
vỏ máy để tiện truy xuất. Hầu hết các thiết bị vào phổ thông là bàn phím và chuột, và các
thiết bị xuất phổ thông đó là màn hình và máy in.
Bàn phím là thiết bị nhập chính của máy tính. Các bàn phím mà là chuẩn hiện nay được gọi
là bàn phím tăng cường và có 102 nút. Một vài bàn phím cong để thoải mái hơn cho bàn tay
và cổ tay được gọi là bàn phím công thái học. Thêm vào đó, một vài bàn phím được trang bị
20

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