Functions of modal verbs - Tiếng Anh | Trường Đại học Quy Nhơn

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Môn: Tiếng Anh (ENG1)

Trường: Đại học Quy Nhơn

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Tác giả:

Profile Mai Nguyệt
1. I generally prefer coffee tea.to
2. Do you prefer watching a CD at home to to the cinema?going
3. I prefer to meet you a bit later, if that’s all right with you.would
4. He’d not have to get up so early tomorrow, but he will if he has torather
5. I’d rather you your essay in a notebook, to be honest.wrote
6. Would you prefer to get a pizza rather go out tonight?than
7. You better see a doctor if you’re not feeling well.had
8. I would rather be poor and happy than rich and lonely.
9. I’d prefer an early night tonight, if that’s okay with you.to have
10. She’d start revising if she wants to do well in the exam next week.better
11. Shona prefers wear make-up to work.not to
Functions of modal verbs and synonymous expressions:
Use Present/Future Past
ability He play the guitar.can
She’s able to speak Chinese.
He play could/ was able to
the guitar when he was
young.
Possibility - Smoking cause cancer. can
(90% certain)
- The food be spoiled. could
(50%)
- Mai be at home. may
(50%)
- I go on holiday to might
Australia next year. (40%)
- Mono will It is likely that
perform on Sunday.
- perform Mono is likely to
on Sunday.
- David won this could have
contest.
- She met him lastmay have
week.
- Mary done her might have
homework.
- Mono It was likely that
had performed last Sunday.
- have Mono was likely to
performed last Sunday.
Probability - It be rainy tomorrowwill
(100%)
- He complete this should
task quickly. (90%)
- They be very ought to
tired. (90%)
-
- John finished should have
work by now.
- His plane ought to have
arrived 1 hour ago.
Logical
assumption
- She be at home. must
(90%)
- He have so much can’t
money.
- He be at home.couldn’t
- The grass is wet. It must
have rained last night.
- It been Mary's can't have
sister because she doesn't
have a sister.
- He been at couldn’t have
home yesterday.
Permission - I lend you my laptop.can’t
- you please wait a Could
moment?
- You turn on the TV.may
- I interrupt for a Might
moment?
- You use mobile mustn't
phones in the examination
room.
- The river be deep so may
that you mustn’t swim in
there.
- You weren’t allowed to/
couldn’t park your car here.
-
-
-
-
-
Necessity - I be at home at 10 must
p.m.
- She decorate the has to
house for her birthday party.
- I to go to school ’ve got
now.
- My hair be cut.needs to
- You don’t have to/ don’t
need to/ needn’t sign your
name here.
- You tidy your ought to
room.
- I be at home at 10 had to
pm.
Since her birthday party, she
had to do a lot of cleaning
her house.
- I go to school had to
yesterday.
- My hair be cut.needed to
- You didn’t have to sign
your name here.
- You didn’t have to/ didn’t
need to see him.
- It didn't rain anymore last
night. We put needn't have
up the tent.
Advice - You revise the should
lessons at home.
- You eat candyought not to
at night.
- You do the 'd better
homework right now.
- I join this group?Shall
- He told the should have
truth about what he saw.
- You ought not to have
eaten candy at night.
- It would have been better
if you had done your
homework yesterday.
Criticism - You be more polite. - He made moreshould should have
of an effort with his diet.
Obligation - I do exercise.must
- I do exercise.have to
- My family go to ought to
the pagoda on the first day of
year.
- I do exercise a weekhad to
ago.
- I do exercise a weekhad to
ago.
- My family ought to have
gone to the pagoda on the
first day of year.
Requests - I park my car in your -Can
garage?
- I park my car in Could
your garage?
- I go out?May
- I borrow your Might
money?
- Will you see him tonight?
- Would you mind opening
the door?
-
-
-
-
-
Offers - Can I help you?
- Shall I cook spaghetti for
dinner?
- Would you like a cake?
-
-
-
Suggestion - Shall we go out?
- You can come with us if
you want.
- You could leave if you
don’t like.
-
-
- He gotten the could have
ticket for the concert.
Prohibition - You park here.can’t
- You litter in this mustn’t
park.
- You close the may not
door.
- She smoke here.couldn’t
-
-
Duty - Everyone wear a must
helmet when driving a
motorbike.
- Students study ought to
hard.
- Everyone wear a had to
helmet when driving a
motorbike.
- He studied ought to have
harder.
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Preview text:

1. I generally prefer coffee to tea.
2. Do you prefer watching a CD at home to going to the cinema?
3. I would prefer to meet you a bit later, if that’s all right with you.
4. He’d rather not have to get up so early tomorrow, but he will if he has to
5. I’d rather you wrote your essay in a notebook, to be honest.
6. Would you prefer to get a pizza rather than go out tonight?
7. You had better see a doctor if you’re not feeling well.
8. I would rather be poor and happy than rich and lonely.
9. I’d prefer to have an early night tonight, if that’s okay with you.
10. She’d better start revising if she wants to do well in the exam next week.
11. Shona prefers not to wear make-up to work.
Functions of modal verbs and synonymous expressions: Use Present/Future Past ability He play the guitar can .
He could/ was able to play
She’s able to speak Chinese. the guitar when he was young. Possibility - Smoking cause cancer can . - David won this could have (90% certain) contest. - The food be spoiled. could (50%) - Mai may be at home.
- She may have met him last (50%) week.
- I might go on holiday to
- Mary might have done her Australia next year. (40%) homework.
- It is likely that Mono will
- It was likely that Mono perform on Sunday. had performed last Sunday.
- Mono is likely to perform
- Mono was likely to have on Sunday. performed last Sunday. Probability
- It will be rainy tomorrow - (100%)
- He should complete this
- John should have finished task quickly. (90%) work by now.
- They ought to be very
- His plane ought to have tired. (90%) arrived 1 hour ago. Logical - She must be at home.
- The grass is wet. It must assumption (90%) have rained last night.
- He can’t have so much
- It can't have been Mary's money. sister because she doesn't have a sister.
- He couldn’t be at home.
- He couldn’t have been at home yesterday. Permission - I lend you my laptop. can’t
- You weren’t allowed to/
couldn’t park your car here.
- Could you please wait a - moment?
- You may turn on the TV. -
- Might I interrupt for a - moment?
- You mustn't use mobile - phones in the examination room.
- The river may be deep so - that you mustn’t swim in there. Necessity
- I must be at home at 10
- I had to be at home at 10 p.m. pm.
- She has to decorate the Since her birthday party, she house for her birthday party.
had to do a lot of cleaning her house.
- I’ve got to go to school
- I had to go to school now. yesterday.
- My hair needs to be cut.
- My hair needed to be cut.
- You don’t have to/ don’t
- You didn’t have to sign
need to/ needn’t sign your your name here. name here.
- You didn’t have to/ didn’t
- You ought to tidy your need to see him. room. - It didn't rain anymore last
night. We needn't have put up the tent. Advice
- You should revise the
- He should have told the lessons at home. truth about what he saw.
- You ought not to eat candy
- You ought not to have at night. eaten candy at night. - You'd better do the
- It would have been better homework right now. if you had done your
- Shall I join this group? homework yesterday. Criticism
- You should be more polite.
- He should have made more of an effort with his diet. Obligation - I must do exercise.
- I had to do exercise a week ago.
- I have to do exercise.
- I had to do exercise a week ago.
- My family ought to go to
- My family ought to have the pagoda on the first day of gone to the pagoda on the year. first day of year. Requests
- Can I park my car in your - garage?
- Could I park my car in - your garage? - May I go out? - - Might I borrow your - money?
- Will you see him tonight? -
- Would you mind opening - the door? Offers - Can I help you? -
- Shall I cook spaghetti for - dinner?
- Would you like a cake? - Suggestion - Shall we go out? - - You can come with us if - you want. - You could leave if you
- He could have gotten the don’t like. ticket for the concert. Prohibition - You park here. can’t
- She couldn’t smoke here.
- You mustn’t litter in this - park.
- You may not close the - door. Duty - Everyone wear a must
- Everyone had to wear a helmet when driving a helmet when driving a motorbike. motorbike.
- Students ought to study
- He ought to have studied hard. harder.