Giáo án điện tử Khoa học tự nhiên 7 bài 6 Kết nối tri thức : Giới thiệu về liên kết hoá học

Bài giảng PowerPoint Khoa học tự nhiên 7 bài 6 Kết nối tri thức : Giới thiệu về liên kết hoá học hay nhất, với thiết kế hiện đại, dễ dàng chỉnh sửa giúp Giáo viên có thêm tài liệu tham khảo để soạn Giáo án Khoa học tự nhiên 7. Mời bạn đọc đón xem!

PHẦN KHỞI ĐỘNG
NHÓM NÀO NHANH




3
[Xe]5d
1
6s
2

138,91

1,10

3
[Rn]6d
1
7s
2

(227)

1,10

3, 4
[Xe]4f
2
5d
0
6s
2

140,12

1,12

4
[Rn]5f
0
6d
2
7s
2

232,04

1,30

3, 4
[Xe]4f
3
5d
0
6s
2

140,91

1,13

4, 5
[Rn]5f
2
6d
1
7s
2

231,04

1,50

[2], 3, 4
[Xe]4f
4
5d
0
6s
2

144,24

1,14

[3], 4, [5], 6
[Rn]5f
3
6d
1
7s
2
238,03
!
1,38
!
3
[Xe]4f
5
5d
0
6s
2

(147)

1,13

[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
4
6d
1
7s
2

(237)
"
1,36
"
2, 3
[Xe]4f
6
5d
0
6s
2
150,35
#
1,17
#
[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
6
6d
0
7s
2
$
(244)

1,28
%
2, 3
[Xe]4f
7
5d
0
6s
2

151,96
&
1,20
&"
[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
7
6d
0
7s
2

(243)

1,13

3
[Xe]4f
7
5d
1
6s
2
$
157,25
'
1,20
'%
3
[Rn]5f
7
6d
1
7s
2

(247)

1,28

3, 4
[Xe]4f
9
5d
0
6s
2

158,93
(
1,10
(
3, 4
[Rn]5f
9
6d
0
7s
2

(247)
)*
2,20
)*%
3, 4
[Xe]4f
10
5d
0
6s
2

162,50
+
1,22
+"
3
[Rn]5f
10
6d
0
7s
2

(251)
,
1,30
%,
3
[Xe]4f
11
5d
0
6s
2

164,93
-
1,23
-
3
[Rn]5f
11
6d
0
7s
2

(252)
&
1,30
&
3
[Xe]4f
12
5d
0
6s
2

167,26
&
1,24
&(
3
[Rn]5f
12
6d
0
7s
2

(257)
.
1,30
.
(2), 3
[Xe]4f
13
5d
0
6s
2

168,93
1,25
%
2, 3
[Rn]5f
13
6d
0
7s
2

(258)
/
1,30
/%0
2, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
0
6s
2

173,04
1(
1,10
12(
2, 3
[Rn]5f
14
6d
0
7s
2

(259)

1,30
(%
3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
1
6s
2

174,97

1,27

3
[Rn]5f
14
6d
1
7s
2

(266)

3
BẢNG TUẦN HOÀN CÁC NGUYÊN TỐ HÓA
HỌC
AUDIO H
AUDIO H
1
1s
2
2s
1
6,94

0,98

1
[Ne]3s
1

22,989

0,93
#
1
[Ar]4s
1

39,098
4
0,82

1
[Xe]6s
1

132,91

0,79

1
[Kr]5s
1

85,47
5(
0,82
5(
1
[Rn]7s
1

(223)
.
0,70
.
2
1s
2
2s
2
$
9,01
)
1,57
)%%
2
[Ne]3s
2
24,31
/6
1,31
/6
2
[Ar]4s
2
40,08

1,00
%
2
[Kr]5s
2

87,62
#
0,95
#
2
[Xe]6s
2

137,31
)
0,89
)
2
[Rn]7s
2

(226)
5
0,90
5
3
1s
2
2s
2
2p
1
10,81
)
2,04
)
3
[Ne]3s
2
3p
1

26,98
%
1,61
%
3
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
1

69,72
'
1,81
'%%
1, 3
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
1
$
114,82
7
1,78
7
-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4
1s
2
2s
2
2p
2
12,01
2,55
(
4
[Ne]3s
2
3p
2
$
28,09
#
1,90
#%
2, 4
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
2
72,64
'
2,01
'
2, 4
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
2

118,69
#
1,96

2, 4
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
2
207,20
(
1,80

[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
2
$
(289)
*
.%
.%0
-3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
1s
2
2s
2
2p
3
14,007
3,04
6
-3, [1], 3, [4], 5
[Ne]3s
2
3p
3

30,97
2,19
"
-3, 3, 5
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
3

74,92

2,18

-3, 3, [4], 5
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
3

121,75
#(
2,05

3, 5
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
3

208,98
)
1,90
)
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
3

(290)
*
/
/0
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
4

(293)
*
0
0
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
5

(294)
*

[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
6

(294)
*
86
86
-2, -1, [1, 2] 4, 6
[Ne]3s
2
3p
4

32,06
#
2,58
#%,
-2,-1, [-1/2,-1/3,1],2
1s
2
2s
2
2p
4
15,999
8
3,44
896
-2, 4, 6
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
4
$
78,96
#
2,55
#%
-2, [2], 4, 6
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
4
127,60
2,10
%%
-2, 2, 4, 6
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
4
$
(209)

2,00
%
-1
1s
2
2s
2
2p
5
18,998
.
3,98
.%
-1, 1, 3, [4], 5, 7
[Ne]3s
2
3p
5

35,45
%
3,16
%
-1, 1, [3], [4], 5, 7
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
5

79,91
)
2,96
)
-1, 1, 3, 5, 7
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
5

126,90
7
2,66
7
-1, 1, 3, 5, 7
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
5

(210)
2,20

1s
2
4,003
-
-%
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6

20,18


[Ne]3s
2
3p
6

39,95

6
2, 4
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
6

83,80
4
3,00
4"
2, 4, 6
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
6
$
131,30
:
2, 60
:
[4]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
6

(222)
5
5
3
[Ar]3d
1
4s
2
44,96
#
1,36
#
3
[Kr]4d
1
5s
2

88,91
1
1,22
12
2, 3, 4
[Ar]3d
2
4s
2
47,90

1,54

[2], [3], 4
[Kr]4d
2
5s
2
$
91,22
;
1,33
;
[2], [3], 4
[Xe]4f
14
5d
2
6s
2
178,49
-,
1,30
-,
2, [3], 4, 5
[Ar]3d
3
4s
2
50,94
<
1,63
<
2, 3, 4, 6
[Ar]3d
5
4s
1
$
51,996

1,66

[2], [3], [4], 5
[Kr]4d
4
5s
1
$
92,91
(
1,60
(
2, 3, 4, [5], 6
[Kr]4d
5
5s
1
$
95,94
/
2,16
/%(
[2], [3], [4], 5
[Xe]4f
14
5d
3
6s
2

180,95
1,50
%
2, [3], [4], [5], 6
[Xe]4f
14
5d
4
6s
2
$
183,85
=
2,36
6
[Rn]5f
14
6d
3
7s
2

(268)
*
+(
+(
[Rn]5f
14
6d
4
7s
2

(269)
*
#6
#(6
2, 3, 4, [5], 6, 7
[Ar]3d
5
4s
2
54,94
/
1,55
/6
2, [3], [4]
[Ar]3d
7
4s
2
58,93

1,88
(%
2, 3, [4, 5, 6]
[Ar]3d
6
4s
2
55,85
.
1,83
7
2, 3, 4, [5, 6], 8
[Kr]4d
7
5s
1
$$
101,07
5
2,20
5
2, 3, 4
[Kr]4d
8
5s
1
$
102,91
5
2,28
5
2, [3], 4
[Kr]4d
10
5s
0
$
106,40

2,20
%
2, [3], [4]
[Ar]3d
8
4s
2
58,71

1,91
*%
3, 4, [5], [6], 7
[Kr]4d
5
5s
2
$
(99)
1,90

[2], 3, 4, [5], [6], 7
[Xe]4f
14
5d
5
6s
2

186,20
5
1,90
5
2, 3, 4, [6], 8
[Xe]4f
14
5d
6
6s
2

190,20
8
2,20
8
2, 3, 4, [6]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
7
6s
2

192,20
7
2,20
7
2, [3], 4, [6]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
9
6s
1

195,09

2,28
%
[Rn]5f
14
6d
5
7s
2

(270)
*
)
)
[Rn]5f
14
6d
6
7s
2

(277)
*
-
-
[Rn]5f
14
6d
7
7s
2

(278)
*
/
/
[Rn]5f
14
6d
8
7s
2

(281)
*
+
+
1, 2
[Ar]3d
10
4s
1
63,54

1,90
""
2
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2

65,38
;
1,65
;
1, [2]
[Kr]4d
10
5s
1
$
107,87
6
1,93
#%0
2
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
$
112,41

1,69

1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
1

196,97

2,54
'%
1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2

200,59
-6
2,00
/
[Rn]5f
14
6d
9
7s
2

(282)
*
56
56
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2

(285)
*

"
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
1

(286)
*


1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
1

204,37
%
1,80
%%
- Lưu ý: Số oxi hóa
dương trong bảng
tuần hoàn không kèm
thêm dấu
- (*): Đồng vị bền
Design: ThS. Nguyễn
Phú Hoạt
>7<)?
>$?
><)?
>?
><7)?
>?
><77)?
>?
><777)?
>?
><777)?
>?
><777)?
>?
>7)?
>?
>77)?
> ?
>777)?
>?
><77?
>?
><7?
>?
><?
>?
>7<?
>$?
>777?
>?
>7?
>?
><777?
>?
>77?
> ?
$
[Rn]5f
14
6d
2
7s
2
$
(267)
*
5,
5,
-
-6
1,008
2,20
1s
1
-1, 1
-1, 1
1s
1
1,008
-
2,20
-6
@6AB @6AB"@6AB @6AB,
Kim
loại
Phi
kim
-1, 1
1s
1
1,008
-
2,20
-6
1
1s
2
2s
1
6,94

0,98

1
[Ne]3s
1

22,989

0,93
#
1
[Ar]4s
1

39,098
4
0,82

1
[Xe]6s
1

132,91

0,79

1
[Rn]7s
1

(223)
.
0,70
.
2
1s
2
2s
2
$
9,01
)
1,57
)%%
2
[Ne]3s
2
24,31
/6
1,31
/6
2
[Ar]4s
2
40,08

1,00
%
2
[Kr]5s
2

87,62
#
0,95
#
2
[Xe]6s
2

137,31
)
0,89
)
2
[Rn]7s
2

(226)
5
0,90
5


3
1s
2
2s
2
2p
1
10,81
)
2,04
)
3
[Ne]3s
2
3p
1

26,98
%
1,61
%
1, 3
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
1
$
114,82
7
1,78
7
-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4
1s
2
2s
2
2p
2
12,01
2,55
(
4
[Ne]3s
2
3p
2
$
28,09
#
1,90
#%
2, 4
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
2

118,69
#
1,96

2, 4
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
2
207,20
(
1,80

[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
2
$
(289)
*
.%
.%0
-3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
1s
2
2s
2
2p
3
14,007
3,04
6
-3, [1], 3, [4], 5
[Ne]3s
2
3p
3

30,97
2,19
"
-3, 3, 5
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
3

74,92

2,18

-3, 3, [4], 5
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
3

121,75
#(
2,05

3, 5
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
3

208,98
)
1,90
)
-2, -1, [1, 2] 4, 6
[Ne]3s
2
3p
4

32,06
#
2,58
#%,
-2, 2, 4, 6
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
4
$
(209)

2,00
%
-1, 1, 3, 5, 7
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
5

(210)
2,20

[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
6

(294)
*
86
86


3
[Xe]5d
1
6s
2

138,91

1,10

3
[Rn]6d
1
7s
2

(227)

1,10

3, 4
[Xe]4f
2
5d
0
6s
2

140,12

1,12

4
[Rn]5f
0
6d
2
7s
2

232,04

1,30

3, 4
[Xe]4f
3
5d
0
6s
2

140,91

1,13

4, 5
[Rn]5f
2
6d
1
7s
2

231,04

1,50

[2], 3, 4
[Xe]4f
4
5d
0
6s
2

144,24

1,14

[3], 4, [5], 6
[Rn]5f
3
6d
1
7s
2
238,03
!
1,38
!
3
[Xe]4f
5
5d
0
6s
2

(147)

1,13

[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
4
6d
1
7s
2

(237)
"
1,36
"
2, 3
[Xe]4f
6
5d
0
6s
2
150,35
#
1,17
#
[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
6
6d
0
7s
2
$
(244)

1,28
%
2, 3
[Xe]4f
7
5d
0
6s
2

151,96
&
1,20
&"
[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
7
6d
0
7s
2

(243)

1,13

3
[Xe]4f
7
5d
1
6s
2
$
157,25
'
1,20
'%
3
[Rn]5f
7
6d
1
7s
2

(247)

1,28

3, 4
[Xe]4f
9
5d
0
6s
2

158,93
(
1,10
(
3, 4
[Rn]5f
9
6d
0
7s
2

(247)
)*
2,20
)*%
3, 4
[Xe]4f
10
5d
0
6s
2

162,50
+
1,22
+"
3
[Rn]5f
10
6d
0
7s
2

(251)
,
1,30
%,
3
[Xe]4f
11
5d
0
6s
2

164,93
-
1,23
-
3
[Rn]5f
11
6d
0
7s
2

(252)
&
1,30
&
3
[Xe]4f
12
5d
0
6s
2

167,26
&
1,24
&(
3
[Rn]5f
12
6d
0
7s
2

(257)
.
1,30
.
(2), 3
[Xe]4f
13
5d
0
6s
2

168,93
1,25
%
2, 3
[Rn]5f
13
6d
0
7s
2

(258)
/
1,30
/%0
2, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
0
6s
2

173,04
1(
1,10
12(
2, 3
[Rn]5f
14
6d
0
7s
2

(259)

1,30
(%
3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
1
6s
2

174,97

1,27

3
[Rn]5f
14
6d
1
7s
2

(266)

3
BẢNG TUẦN HOÀN CÁC NGUYÊN TỐ HÓA
HỌC
AUDIO
He
AUDIO
He
1
[Kr]5s
1

85,47
5(
0,82
5(
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
3

(290)
*
/
/0
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
4

(293)
*
0
0
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
5

(294)
*

-2,-1, [-1/2,-1/3,1],2
1s
2
2s
2
2p
4
15,999
8
3,44
896
-2, 4, 6
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
4
$
78,96
#
2,55
#%
-1
1s
2
2s
2
2p
5
18,998
.
3,98
.%
-1, 1, 3, [4], 5, 7
[Ne]3s
2
3p
5

35,45
%
3,16
%
-1, 1, [3], [4], 5, 7
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
5

79,91
)
2,96
)
-1, 1, 3, 5, 7
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
5

126,90
7
2,66
7
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6

20,18


[Ne]3s
2
3p
6

39,95

6
2, 4
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
6

83,80
4
3,00
4"
2, 4, 6
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
6
$
131,30
:
2, 60
:
[4]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
6

(222)
5
5
3
[Ar]3d
1
4s
2
44,96
#
1,36
#
3
[Kr]4d
1
5s
2

88,91
1
1,22
12
2, 3, 4
[Ar]3d
2
4s
2
47,90

1,54

[2], [3], 4
[Kr]4d
2
5s
2
$
91,22
;
1,33
;
[2], [3], 4
[Xe]4f
14
5d
2
6s
2
178,49
-,
1,30
-,
2, [3], 4, 5
[Ar]3d
3
4s
2
50,94
<
1,63
<
2, 3, 4, 6
[Ar]3d
5
4s
1
$
51,996

1,66

[2], [3], [4], 5
[Kr]4d
4
5s
1
$
92,91
(
1,60
(
2, 3, 4, [5], 6
[Kr]4d
5
5s
1
$
95,94
/
2,16
/%(
[2], [3], [4], 5
[Xe]4f
14
5d
3
6s
2

180,95
1,50
%
2, [3], [4], [5], 6
[Xe]4f
14
5d
4
6s
2
$
183,85
=
2,36
6
[Rn]5f
14
6d
4
7s
2

(269)
*
#6
#(6
2, 3, 4, [5], 6, 7
[Ar]3d
5
4s
2
54,94
/
1,55
/6
2, [3], [4]
[Ar]3d
7
4s
2
58,93

1,88
(%
2, 3, [4, 5, 6]
[Ar]3d
6
4s
2
55,85
.
1,83
7
2, 3, 4, [5, 6], 8
[Kr]4d
7
5s
1
$$
101,07
5
2,20
5
2, 3, 4
[Kr]4d
8
5s
1
$
102,91
5
2,28
5
2, [3], 4
[Kr]4d
10
5s
0
$
106,40

2,20
%
2, [3], [4]
[Ar]3d
8
4s
2
58,71

1,91
*%
3, 4, [5], [6], 7
[Kr]4d
5
5s
2
$
(99)
1,90

[2], 3, 4, [5], [6], 7
[Xe]4f
14
5d
5
6s
2

186,20
5
1,90
5
2, 3, 4, [6], 8
[Xe]4f
14
5d
6
6s
2

190,20
8
2,20
8
2, 3, 4, [6]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
7
6s
2

192,20
7
2,20
7
2, [3], 4, [6]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
9
6s
1

195,09

2,28
%
[Rn]5f
14
6d
5
7s
2

(270)
*
)
)
[Rn]5f
14
6d
6
7s
2

(277)
*
-
-
[Rn]5f
14
6d
7
7s
2

(278)
*
/
/
[Rn]5f
14
6d
8
7s
2

(281)
*
+
+
1, 2
[Ar]3d
10
4s
1
63,54

1,90
""
1, [2]
[Kr]4d
10
5s
1
$
107,87
6
1,93
#%0
1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
1

196,97

2,54
'%
1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2

200,59
-6
2,00
/
[Rn]5f
14
6d
9
7s
2

(282)
*
56
56
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2

(285)
*

"
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
1

(286)
*


1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
1

204,37
%
1,80
%%
- Lưu ý: Số oxi hóa
dương trong bảng
tuần hoàn không kèm
thêm dấu
- (*): Đồng vị bền
Design: ThS. Nguyễn
Phú Hoạt
>7<)?
>$?
><)?
>?
><7)?
>?
><77)?
>?
><777)?
>?
><777)?
>?
><777)?
>?
>7)?
>?
>77)?
> ?
>777)?
>?
><77?
>?
><7?
>?
><?
>?
>7<?
>$?
>777?
>?
>7?
>?
><777?
>?
>77?
> ?
$
-
-%
4,003
1s
2
3
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
1

69,72
'
1,81
'%%
2, 4
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
2
72,64
'
2,01
'
-2, [2], 4, 6
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
4
127,60
2,10
%%
[Rn]5f
14
6d
3
7s
2

(268)
*
+(
+(
2
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2

65,38
;
1,65
;
2
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
$
112,41

1,69

[Rn]5f
14
6d
2
7s
2
$
(267)
*
5,
5,
1s
2
4,003
-
-%
@6AB @6AB"@6AB @6AB,
Kim
loại
Phi
kim
-1, 1
1s
1
1,008
-
2,20
-6
1
1s
2
2s
1
6,94

0,98

1
[Ne]3s
1

22,989

0,93
#
1
[Ar]4s
1

39,098
4
0,82

1
[Xe]6s
1

132,91

0,79

1
[Rn]7s
1

(223)
.
0,70
.
2
1s
2
2s
2
$
9,01
)
1,57
)%%
2
[Ne]3s
2
24,31
/6
1,31
/6
2
[Ar]4s
2
40,08

1,00
%
2
[Kr]5s
2

87,62
#
0,95
#
2
[Xe]6s
2

137,31
)
0,89
)
2
[Rn]7s
2

(226)
5
0,90
5


3
1s
2
2s
2
2p
1
10,81
)
2,04
)
3
[Ne]3s
2
3p
1

26,98
%
1,61
%
1, 3
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
1
$
114,82
7
1,78
7
-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4
1s
2
2s
2
2p
2
12,01
2,55
(
4
[Ne]3s
2
3p
2
$
28,09
#
1,90
#%
2, 4
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
2

118,69
#
1,96

2, 4
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
2
207,20
(
1,80

[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
2
$
(289)
*
.%
.%0
-3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
1s
2
2s
2
2p
3
14,007
3,04
6
-3, [1], 3, [4], 5
[Ne]3s
2
3p
3

30,97
2,19
"
-3, 3, 5
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
3

74,92

2,18

-3, 3, [4], 5
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
3

121,75
#(
2,05

3, 5
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
3

208,98
)
1,90
)
-2, -1, [1, 2] 4, 6
[Ne]3s
2
3p
4

32,06
#
2,58
#%,
-2, 2, 4, 6
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
4
$
(209)

2,00
%
-1, 1, 3, 5, 7
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
5

(210)
2,20

[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
6

(294)
*
86
86


3
[Xe]5d
1
6s
2

138,91

1,10

3
[Rn]6d
1
7s
2

(227)

1,10

3, 4
[Xe]4f
2
5d
0
6s
2

140,12

1,12

4
[Rn]5f
0
6d
2
7s
2

232,04

1,30

3, 4
[Xe]4f
3
5d
0
6s
2

140,91

1,13

4, 5
[Rn]5f
2
6d
1
7s
2

231,04

1,50

[2], 3, 4
[Xe]4f
4
5d
0
6s
2

144,24

1,14

[3], 4, [5], 6
[Rn]5f
3
6d
1
7s
2
238,03
!
1,38
!
3
[Xe]4f
5
5d
0
6s
2

(147)

1,13

[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
4
6d
1
7s
2

(237)
"
1,36
"
2, 3
[Xe]4f
6
5d
0
6s
2
150,35
#
1,17
#
[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
6
6d
0
7s
2
$
(244)

1,28
%
2, 3
[Xe]4f
7
5d
0
6s
2

151,96
&
1,20
&"
[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
7
6d
0
7s
2

(243)

1,13

3
[Xe]4f
7
5d
1
6s
2
$
157,25
'
1,20
'%
3
[Rn]5f
7
6d
1
7s
2

(247)

1,28

3, 4
[Xe]4f
9
5d
0
6s
2

158,93
(
1,10
(
3, 4
[Rn]5f
9
6d
0
7s
2

(247)
)*
2,20
)*%
3, 4
[Xe]4f
10
5d
0
6s
2

162,50
+
1,22
+"
3
[Rn]5f
10
6d
0
7s
2

(251)
,
1,30
%,
3
[Xe]4f
11
5d
0
6s
2

164,93
-
1,23
-
3
[Rn]5f
11
6d
0
7s
2

(252)
&
1,30
&
3
[Xe]4f
12
5d
0
6s
2

167,26
&
1,24
&(
3
[Rn]5f
12
6d
0
7s
2

(257)
.
1,30
.
(2), 3
[Xe]4f
13
5d
0
6s
2

168,93
1,25
%
2, 3
[Rn]5f
13
6d
0
7s
2

(258)
/
1,30
/%0
2, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
0
6s
2

173,04
1(
1,10
12(
2, 3
[Rn]5f
14
6d
0
7s
2

(259)

1,30
(%
3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
1
6s
2

174,97

1,27

3
[Rn]5f
14
6d
1
7s
2

(266)

3
BẢNG TUẦN HOÀN CÁC NGUYÊN TỐ HÓA
HỌC
AUDIO
Ne
AUDIO
Ne
1
[Kr]5s
1

85,47
5(
0,82
5(
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
3

(290)
*
/
/0
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
4

(293)
*
0
0
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
5

(294)
*

-2,-1, [-1/2,-1/3,1],2
1s
2
2s
2
2p
4
15,999
8
3,44
896
-2, 4, 6
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
4
$
78,96
#
2,55
#%
-1
1s
2
2s
2
2p
5
18,998
.
3,98
.%
-1, 1, 3, [4], 5, 7
[Ne]3s
2
3p
5

35,45
%
3,16
%
-1, 1, [3], [4], 5, 7
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
5

79,91
)
2,96
)
-1, 1, 3, 5, 7
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
5

126,90
7
2,66
7
1s
2
4,003
-
-%
[Ne]3s
2
3p
6

39,95

6
2, 4
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
6

83,80
4
3,00
4"
2, 4, 6
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
6
$
131,30
:
2, 60
:
[4]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
6

(222)
5
5
3
[Ar]3d
1
4s
2
44,96
#
1,36
#
3
[Kr]4d
1
5s
2

88,91
1
1,22
12
2, 3, 4
[Ar]3d
2
4s
2
47,90

1,54

[2], [3], 4
[Kr]4d
2
5s
2
$
91,22
;
1,33
;
[2], [3], 4
[Xe]4f
14
5d
2
6s
2
178,49
-,
1,30
-,
2, [3], 4, 5
[Ar]3d
3
4s
2
50,94
<
1,63
<
2, 3, 4, 6
[Ar]3d
5
4s
1
$
51,996

1,66

[2], [3], [4], 5
[Kr]4d
4
5s
1
$
92,91
(
1,60
(
2, 3, 4, [5], 6
[Kr]4d
5
5s
1
$
95,94
/
2,16
/%(
[2], [3], [4], 5
[Xe]4f
14
5d
3
6s
2

180,95
1,50
%
2, [3], [4], [5], 6
[Xe]4f
14
5d
4
6s
2
$
183,85
=
2,36
6
[Rn]5f
14
6d
4
7s
2

(269)
*
#6
#(6
2, 3, 4, [5], 6, 7
[Ar]3d
5
4s
2
54,94
/
1,55
/6
2, [3], [4]
[Ar]3d
7
4s
2
58,93

1,88
(%
2, 3, [4, 5, 6]
[Ar]3d
6
4s
2
55,85
.
1,83
7
2, 3, 4, [5, 6], 8
[Kr]4d
7
5s
1
$$
101,07
5
2,20
5
2, 3, 4
[Kr]4d
8
5s
1
$
102,91
5
2,28
5
2, [3], 4
[Kr]4d
10
5s
0
$
106,40

2,20
%
2, [3], [4]
[Ar]3d
8
4s
2
58,71

1,91
*%
3, 4, [5], [6], 7
[Kr]4d
5
5s
2
$
(99)
1,90

[2], 3, 4, [5], [6], 7
[Xe]4f
14
5d
5
6s
2

186,20
5
1,90
5
2, 3, 4, [6], 8
[Xe]4f
14
5d
6
6s
2

190,20
8
2,20
8
2, 3, 4, [6]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
7
6s
2

192,20
7
2,20
7
2, [3], 4, [6]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
9
6s
1

195,09

2,28
%
[Rn]5f
14
6d
5
7s
2

(270)
*
)
)
[Rn]5f
14
6d
6
7s
2

(277)
*
-
-
[Rn]5f
14
6d
7
7s
2

(278)
*
/
/
[Rn]5f
14
6d
8
7s
2

(281)
*
+
+
1, 2
[Ar]3d
10
4s
1
63,54

1,90
""
1, [2]
[Kr]4d
10
5s
1
$
107,87
6
1,93
#%0
1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
1

196,97

2,54
'%
1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2

200,59
-6
2,00
/
[Rn]5f
14
6d
9
7s
2

(282)
*
56
56
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2

(285)
*

"
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
1

(286)
*


1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
1

204,37
%
1,80
%%
- Lưu ý: Số oxi hóa
dương trong bảng
tuần hoàn không kèm
thêm dấu
- (*): Đồng vị bền
Design: ThS. Nguyễn
Phú Hoạt
>7<)?
>$?
><)?
>?
><7)?
>?
><77)?
>?
><777)?
>?
><777)?
>?
><777)?
>?
>7)?
>?
>77)?
> ?
>777)?
>?
><77?
>?
><7?
>?
><?
>?
>7<?
>$?
>777?
>?
>7?
>?
><777?
>?
>77?
> ?
$



20,18
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
1

69,72
'
1,81
'%%
2, 4
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
2
72,64
'
2,01
'
-2, [2], 4, 6
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
4
127,60
2,10
%%
[Rn]5f
14
6d
3
7s
2

(268)
*
+(
+(
2
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2

65,38
;
1,65
;
2
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
$
112,41

1,69

[Rn]5f
14
6d
2
7s
2
$
(267)
*
5,
5,
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6

20,18


@6AB @6AB"@6AB @6AB,
Kim
loại
Phi
kim
-1, 1
1s
1
1,008
-
2,20
-6
1
1s
2
2s
1
6,94

0,98





3
[Xe]5d
1
6s
2

138,91

1,10

3
[Rn]6d
1
7s
2

(227)

1,10

3, 4
[Xe]4f
2
5d
0
6s
2

140,12

1,12

4
[Rn]5f
0
6d
2
7s
2

232,04

1,30

3, 4
[Xe]4f
3
5d
0
6s
2

140,91

1,13

4, 5
[Rn]5f
2
6d
1
7s
2

231,04

1,50

[2], 3, 4
[Xe]4f
4
5d
0
6s
2

144,24

1,14

[3], 4, [5], 6
[Rn]5f
3
6d
1
7s
2
238,03
!
1,38
!
3
[Xe]4f
5
5d
0
6s
2

(147)

1,13

[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
4
6d
1
7s
2

(237)
"
1,36
"
2, 3
[Xe]4f
6
5d
0
6s
2
150,35
#
1,17
#
[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
6
6d
0
7s
2
$
(244)

1,28
%
2, 3
[Xe]4f
7
5d
0
6s
2

151,96
&
1,20
&"
[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
7
6d
0
7s
2

(243)

1,13

3
[Xe]4f
7
5d
1
6s
2
$
157,25
'
1,20
'%
3
[Rn]5f
7
6d
1
7s
2

(247)

1,28

3, 4
[Xe]4f
9
5d
0
6s
2

158,93
(
1,10
(
3, 4
[Rn]5f
9
6d
0
7s
2

(247)
)*
2,20
)*%
3, 4
[Xe]4f
10
5d
0
6s
2

162,50
+
1,22
+"
3
[Rn]5f
10
6d
0
7s
2

(251)
,
1,30
%,
3
[Xe]4f
11
5d
0
6s
2

164,93
-
1,23
-
3
[Rn]5f
11
6d
0
7s
2

(252)
&
1,30
&
3
[Xe]4f
12
5d
0
6s
2

167,26
&
1,24
&(
3
[Rn]5f
12
6d
0
7s
2

(257)
.
1,30
.
(2), 3
[Xe]4f
13
5d
0
6s
2

168,93
1,25
%
2, 3
[Rn]5f
13
6d
0
7s
2

(258)
/
1,30
/%0
2, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
0
6s
2

173,04
1(
1,10
12(
2, 3
[Rn]5f
14
6d
0
7s
2

(259)

1,30
(%
3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
1
6s
2

174,97

1,27

3
[Rn]5f
14
6d
1
7s
2

(266)

3
BẢNG TUẦN HOÀN CÁC NGUYÊN TỐ HÓA
HỌC
AUDIO
Na
AUDIO
Na
1
[Ar]4s
1

39,098
4
0,82

1
[Xe]6s
1

132,91

0,79

1
[Kr]5s
1

85,47
5(
0,82
5(
1
[Rn]7s
1

(223)
.
0,70
.
2
1s
2
2s
2
$
9,01
)
1,57
)%%
2
[Ne]3s
2
24,31
/6
1,31
/6
2
[Ar]4s
2
40,08

1,00
%
2
[Kr]5s
2

87,62
#
0,95
#
2
[Xe]6s
2

137,31
)
0,89
)
2
[Rn]7s
2

(226)
5
0,90
5
3
1s
2
2s
2
2p
1
10,81
)
2,04
)
3
[Ne]3s
2
3p
1

26,98
%
1,61
%
1, 3
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
1
$
114,82
7
1,78
7
-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4
1s
2
2s
2
2p
2
12,01
2,55
(
4
[Ne]3s
2
3p
2
$
28,09
#
1,90
#%
2, 4
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
2

118,69
#
1,96

2, 4
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
2
207,20
(
1,80

[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
2
$
(289)
*
.%
.%0
-3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
1s
2
2s
2
2p
3
14,007
3,04
6
-3, [1], 3, [4], 5
[Ne]3s
2
3p
3

30,97
2,19
"
-3, 3, 5
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
3

74,92

2,18

-3, 3, [4], 5
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
3

121,75
#(
2,05

3, 5
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
3

208,98
)
1,90
)
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
3

(290)
*
/
/0
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
4

(293)
*
0
0
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
5

(294)
*

[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
6

(294)
*
86
86
-2, -1, [1, 2] 4, 6
[Ne]3s
2
3p
4

32,06
#
2,58
#%,
-2,-1, [-1/2,-1/3,1],2
1s
2
2s
2
2p
4
15,999
8
3,44
896
-2, 4, 6
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
4
$
78,96
#
2,55
#%
-2, 2, 4, 6
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
4
$
(209)

2,00
%
-1
1s
2
2s
2
2p
5
18,998
.
3,98
.%
-1, 1, 3, [4], 5, 7
[Ne]3s
2
3p
5

35,45
%
3,16
%
-1, 1, [3], [4], 5, 7
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
5

79,91
)
2,96
)
-1, 1, 3, 5, 7
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
5

126,90
7
2,66
7
-1, 1, 3, 5, 7
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
5

(210)
2,20

1s
2
4,003
-
-%
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6

20,18


[Ne]3s
2
3p
6

39,95

6
2, 4
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
6

83,80
4
3,00
4"
2, 4, 6
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
6
$
131,30
:
2, 60
:
[4]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
6

(222)
5
5
3
[Ar]3d
1
4s
2
44,96
#
1,36
#
3
[Kr]4d
1
5s
2

88,91
1
1,22
12
2, 3, 4
[Ar]3d
2
4s
2
47,90

1,54

[2], [3], 4
[Kr]4d
2
5s
2
$
91,22
;
1,33
;
[2], [3], 4
[Xe]4f
14
5d
2
6s
2
178,49
-,
1,30
-,
2, [3], 4, 5
[Ar]3d
3
4s
2
50,94
<
1,63
<
2, 3, 4, 6
[Ar]3d
5
4s
1
$
51,996

1,66

[2], [3], [4], 5
[Kr]4d
4
5s
1
$
92,91
(
1,60
(
2, 3, 4, [5], 6
[Kr]4d
5
5s
1
$
95,94
/
2,16
/%(
[2], [3], [4], 5
[Xe]4f
14
5d
3
6s
2

180,95
1,50
%
2, [3], [4], [5], 6
[Xe]4f
14
5d
4
6s
2
$
183,85
=
2,36
6
[Rn]5f
14
6d
4
7s
2

(269)
*
#6
#(6
2, 3, 4, [5], 6, 7
[Ar]3d
5
4s
2
54,94
/
1,55
/6
2, [3], [4]
[Ar]3d
7
4s
2
58,93

1,88
(%
2, 3, [4, 5, 6]
[Ar]3d
6
4s
2
55,85
.
1,83
7
2, 3, 4, [5, 6], 8
[Kr]4d
7
5s
1
$$
101,07
5
2,20
5
2, 3, 4
[Kr]4d
8
5s
1
$
102,91
5
2,28
5
2, [3], 4
[Kr]4d
10
5s
0
$
106,40

2,20
%
2, [3], [4]
[Ar]3d
8
4s
2
58,71

1,91
*%
3, 4, [5], [6], 7
[Kr]4d
5
5s
2
$
(99)
1,90

[2], 3, 4, [5], [6], 7
[Xe]4f
14
5d
5
6s
2

186,20
5
1,90
5
2, 3, 4, [6], 8
[Xe]4f
14
5d
6
6s
2

190,20
8
2,20
8
2, 3, 4, [6]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
7
6s
2

192,20
7
2,20
7
2, [3], 4, [6]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
9
6s
1

195,09

2,28
%
[Rn]5f
14
6d
5
7s
2

(270)
*
)
)
[Rn]5f
14
6d
6
7s
2

(277)
*
-
-
[Rn]5f
14
6d
7
7s
2

(278)
*
/
/
[Rn]5f
14
6d
8
7s
2

(281)
*
+
+
1, 2
[Ar]3d
10
4s
1
63,54

1,90
""
1, [2]
[Kr]4d
10
5s
1
$
107,87
6
1,93
#%0
1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
1

196,97

2,54
'%
1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2

200,59
-6
2,00
/
[Rn]5f
14
6d
9
7s
2

(282)
*
56
56
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2

(285)
*

"
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
1

(286)
*


1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
1

204,37
%
1,80
%%
- Lưu ý: Số oxi hóa
dương trong bảng
tuần hoàn không kèm
thêm dấu
- (*): Đồng vị bền
Design: ThS. Nguyễn
Phú Hoạt
>7<)?
>$?
><)?
>?
><7)?
>?
><77)?
>?
><777)?
>?
><777)?
>?
><777)?
>?
>7)?
>?
>77)?
> ?
>777)?
>?
><77?
>?
><7?
>?
><?
>?
>7<?
>$?
>777?
>?
>7?
>?
><777?
>?
>77?
> ?
$


#
22,989
0,93
[Ne]3s
1
1
3
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
1

69,72
'
1,81
'%%
2, 4
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
2
72,64
'
2,01
'
-2, [2], 4, 6
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
4
127,60
2,10
%%
[Rn]5f
14
6d
3
7s
2

(268)
*
+(
+(
2
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2

65,38
;
1,65
;
2
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
$
112,41

1,69

[Rn]5f
14
6d
2
7s
2
$
(267)
*
5,
5,
1
[Ne]3s
1

22,989

0,93
#
@6AB @6AB"@6AB @6AB,
Kim
loại
Phi
kim
-1, 1
1s
1
1,008
-
2,20
-6
1
1s
2
2s
1
6,94

0,98

1
[Ne]3s
1

22,989

0,93
#
1
[Ar]4s
1

39,098
4
0,82

1
[Xe]6s
1

132,91

0,79

1
[Rn]7s
1

(223)
.
0,70
.
2
1s
2
2s
2
$
9,01
)
1,57
)%%
2
[Ne]3s
2
24,31
/6
1,31
/6
2
[Ar]4s
2
40,08

1,00
%
2
[Kr]5s
2

87,62
#
0,95
#
2
[Xe]6s
2

137,31
)
0,89
)
2
[Rn]7s
2

(226)
5
0,90
5


3
1s
2
2s
2
2p
1
10,81
)
2,04
)
3
[Ne]3s
2
3p
1

26,98
%
1,61
%
1, 3
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
1
$
114,82
7
1,78
7
-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4
1s
2
2s
2
2p
2
12,01
2,55
(
4
[Ne]3s
2
3p
2
$
28,09
#
1,90
#%
2, 4
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
2

118,69
#
1,96

2, 4
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
2
207,20
(
1,80

[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
2
$
(289)
*
.%
.%0
-3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
1s
2
2s
2
2p
3
14,007
3,04
6
-3, [1], 3, [4], 5
[Ne]3s
2
3p
3

30,97
2,19
"
-3, 3, 5
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
3

74,92

2,18

-3, 3, [4], 5
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
3

121,75
#(
2,05

3, 5
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
3

208,98
)
1,90
)
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
6

(294)
*
86
86


3
[Xe]5d
1
6s
2

138,91

1,10

3
[Rn]6d
1
7s
2

(227)

1,10

3, 4
[Xe]4f
2
5d
0
6s
2

140,12

1,12

4
[Rn]5f
0
6d
2
7s
2

232,04

1,30

3, 4
[Xe]4f
3
5d
0
6s
2

140,91

1,13

4, 5
[Rn]5f
2
6d
1
7s
2

231,04

1,50

[2], 3, 4
[Xe]4f
4
5d
0
6s
2

144,24

1,14

[3], 4, [5], 6
[Rn]5f
3
6d
1
7s
2
238,03
!
1,38
!
3
[Xe]4f
5
5d
0
6s
2

(147)

1,13

[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
4
6d
1
7s
2

(237)
"
1,36
"
2, 3
[Xe]4f
6
5d
0
6s
2
150,35
#
1,17
#
[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
6
6d
0
7s
2
$
(244)

1,28
%
2, 3
[Xe]4f
7
5d
0
6s
2

151,96
&
1,20
&"
[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
7
6d
0
7s
2

(243)

1,13

3
[Xe]4f
7
5d
1
6s
2
$
157,25
'
1,20
'%
3
[Rn]5f
7
6d
1
7s
2

(247)

1,28

3, 4
[Xe]4f
9
5d
0
6s
2

158,93
(
1,10
(
3, 4
[Rn]5f
9
6d
0
7s
2

(247)
)*
2,20
)*%
3, 4
[Xe]4f
10
5d
0
6s
2

162,50
+
1,22
+"
3
[Rn]5f
10
6d
0
7s
2

(251)
,
1,30
%,
3
[Xe]4f
11
5d
0
6s
2

164,93
-
1,23
-
3
[Rn]5f
11
6d
0
7s
2

(252)
&
1,30
&
3
[Xe]4f
12
5d
0
6s
2

167,26
&
1,24
&(
3
[Rn]5f
12
6d
0
7s
2

(257)
.
1,30
.
(2), 3
[Xe]4f
13
5d
0
6s
2

168,93
1,25
%
2, 3
[Rn]5f
13
6d
0
7s
2

(258)
/
1,30
/%0
2, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
0
6s
2

173,04
1(
1,10
12(
2, 3
[Rn]5f
14
6d
0
7s
2

(259)

1,30
(%
3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
1
6s
2

174,97

1,27

3
[Rn]5f
14
6d
1
7s
2

(266)

3
BẢNG TUẦN HOÀN CÁC NGUYÊN TỐ HÓA
HỌC
AUDIO O
AUDIO O
1
[Kr]5s
1

85,47
5(
0,82
5(
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
3

(290)
*
/
/0
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
4

(293)
*
0
0
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
5

(294)
*

-2, -1, [1, 2] 4, 6
[Ne]3s
2
3p
4

32,06
#
2,58
#%,
-2, 4, 6
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
4
$
78,96
#
2,55
#%
-2, 2, 4, 6
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
4
$
(209)

2,00
%
-1
1s
2
2s
2
2p
5
18,998
.
3,98
.%
-1, 1, 3, [4], 5, 7
[Ne]3s
2
3p
5

35,45
%
3,16
%
-1, 1, [3], [4], 5, 7
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
5

79,91
)
2,96
)
-1, 1, 3, 5, 7
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
5

126,90
7
2,66
7
-1, 1, 3, 5, 7
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
5

(210)
2,20

1s
2
4,003
-
-%
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6

20,18


[Ne]3s
2
3p
6

39,95

6
2, 4
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
6

83,80
4
3,00
4"
2, 4, 6
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
6
$
131,30
:
2, 60
:
[4]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
6

(222)
5
5
3
[Ar]3d
1
4s
2
44,96
#
1,36
#
3
[Kr]4d
1
5s
2

88,91
1
1,22
12
2, 3, 4
[Ar]3d
2
4s
2
47,90

1,54

[2], [3], 4
[Kr]4d
2
5s
2
$
91,22
;
1,33
;
[2], [3], 4
[Xe]4f
14
5d
2
6s
2
178,49
-,
1,30
-,
2, [3], 4, 5
[Ar]3d
3
4s
2
50,94
<
1,63
<
2, 3, 4, 6
[Ar]3d
5
4s
1
$
51,996

1,66

[2], [3], [4], 5
[Kr]4d
4
5s
1
$
92,91
(
1,60
(
2, 3, 4, [5], 6
[Kr]4d
5
5s
1
$
95,94
/
2,16
/%(
[2], [3], [4], 5
[Xe]4f
14
5d
3
6s
2

180,95
1,50
%
2, [3], [4], [5], 6
[Xe]4f
14
5d
4
6s
2
$
183,85
=
2,36
6
[Rn]5f
14
6d
4
7s
2

(269)
*
#6
#(6
2, 3, 4, [5], 6, 7
[Ar]3d
5
4s
2
54,94
/
1,55
/6
2, [3], [4]
[Ar]3d
7
4s
2
58,93

1,88
(%
2, 3, [4, 5, 6]
[Ar]3d
6
4s
2
55,85
.
1,83
7
2, 3, 4, [5, 6], 8
[Kr]4d
7
5s
1
$$
101,07
5
2,20
5
2, 3, 4
[Kr]4d
8
5s
1
$
102,91
5
2,28
5
2, [3], 4
[Kr]4d
10
5s
0
$
106,40

2,20
%
2, [3], [4]
[Ar]3d
8
4s
2
58,71

1,91
*%
3, 4, [5], [6], 7
[Kr]4d
5
5s
2
$
(99)
1,90

[2], 3, 4, [5], [6], 7
[Xe]4f
14
5d
5
6s
2

186,20
5
1,90
5
2, 3, 4, [6], 8
[Xe]4f
14
5d
6
6s
2

190,20
8
2,20
8
2, 3, 4, [6]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
7
6s
2

192,20
7
2,20
7
2, [3], 4, [6]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
9
6s
1

195,09

2,28
%
[Rn]5f
14
6d
5
7s
2

(270)
*
)
)
[Rn]5f
14
6d
6
7s
2

(277)
*
-
-
[Rn]5f
14
6d
7
7s
2

(278)
*
/
/
[Rn]5f
14
6d
8
7s
2

(281)
*
+
+
1, 2
[Ar]3d
10
4s
1
63,54

1,90
""
1, [2]
[Kr]4d
10
5s
1
$
107,87
6
1,93
#%0
1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
1

196,97

2,54
'%
1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2

200,59
-6
2,00
/
[Rn]5f
14
6d
9
7s
2

(282)
*
56
56
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2

(285)
*

"
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
1

(286)
*


1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
1

204,37
%
1,80
%%
- Lưu ý: Số oxi hóa
dương trong bảng
tuần hoàn không kèm
thêm dấu
- (*): Đồng vị bền
Design: ThS. Nguyễn
Phú Hoạt
>7<)?
>$?
><)?
>?
><7)?
>?
><77)?
>?
><777)?
>?
><777)?
>?
><777)?
>?
>7)?
>?
>77)?
> ?
>777)?
>?
><77?
>?
><7?
>?
><?
>?
>7<?
>$?
>777?
>?
>7?
>?
><777?
>?
>77?
> ?
$
8
896
15,999
3,44
1s
2
2s
2
2p
4
-2,-1, [-1/2,-1/3,1],2
3
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
1

69,72
'
1,81
'%%
2, 4
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
2
72,64
'
2,01
'
-2, [2], 4, 6
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
4
127,60
2,10
%%
[Rn]5f
14
6d
3
7s
2

(268)
*
+(
+(
2
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2

65,38
;
1,65
;
2
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
$
112,41

1,69

[Rn]5f
14
6d
2
7s
2
$
(267)
*
5,
5,
-2,-1, [-1/2,-1/3,1],2
1s
2
2s
2
2p
4
15,999
8
3,44
896
@6AB @6AB"@6AB @6AB,
Kim
loại
Phi
kim
-1, 1
1s
1
1,008
-
2,20
-6
1
1s
2
2s
1
6,94

0,98

1
[Ne]3s
1

22,989

0,93
#
1
[Ar]4s
1

39,098
4
0,82

1
[Xe]6s
1

132,91

0,79

1
[Rn]7s
1

(223)
.
0,70
.
2
1s
2
2s
2
$
9,01
)
1,57
)%%




3
[Xe]5d
1
6s
2

138,91

1,10

3
[Rn]6d
1
7s
2

(227)

1,10

3, 4
[Xe]4f
2
5d
0
6s
2

140,12

1,12

4
[Rn]5f
0
6d
2
7s
2

232,04

1,30

3, 4
[Xe]4f
3
5d
0
6s
2

140,91

1,13

4, 5
[Rn]5f
2
6d
1
7s
2

231,04

1,50

[2], 3, 4
[Xe]4f
4
5d
0
6s
2

144,24

1,14

[3], 4, [5], 6
[Rn]5f
3
6d
1
7s
2
238,03
!
1,38
!
3
[Xe]4f
5
5d
0
6s
2

(147)

1,13

[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
4
6d
1
7s
2

(237)
"
1,36
"
2, 3
[Xe]4f
6
5d
0
6s
2
150,35
#
1,17
#
[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
6
6d
0
7s
2
$
(244)

1,28
%
2, 3
[Xe]4f
7
5d
0
6s
2

151,96
&
1,20
&"
[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
7
6d
0
7s
2

(243)

1,13

3
[Xe]4f
7
5d
1
6s
2
$
157,25
'
1,20
'%
3
[Rn]5f
7
6d
1
7s
2

(247)

1,28

3, 4
[Xe]4f
9
5d
0
6s
2

158,93
(
1,10
(
3, 4
[Rn]5f
9
6d
0
7s
2

(247)
)*
2,20
)*%
3, 4
[Xe]4f
10
5d
0
6s
2

162,50
+
1,22
+"
3
[Rn]5f
10
6d
0
7s
2

(251)
,
1,30
%,
3
[Xe]4f
11
5d
0
6s
2

164,93
-
1,23
-
3
[Rn]5f
11
6d
0
7s
2

(252)
&
1,30
&
3
[Xe]4f
12
5d
0
6s
2

167,26
&
1,24
&(
3
[Rn]5f
12
6d
0
7s
2

(257)
.
1,30
.
(2), 3
[Xe]4f
13
5d
0
6s
2

168,93
1,25
%
2, 3
[Rn]5f
13
6d
0
7s
2

(258)
/
1,30
/%0
2, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
0
6s
2

173,04
1(
1,10
12(
2, 3
[Rn]5f
14
6d
0
7s
2

(259)

1,30
(%
3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
1
6s
2

174,97

1,27

3
[Rn]5f
14
6d
1
7s
2

(266)

3
BẢNG TUẦN HOÀN CÁC NGUYÊN TỐ HÓA
HỌC
AUDIO
Mg
AUDIO
Mg
1
[Kr]5s
1

85,47
5(
0,82
5(
2
[Ar]4s
2
40,08

1,00
%
2
[Kr]5s
2

87,62
#
0,95
#
2
[Xe]6s
2

137,31
)
0,89
)
2
[Rn]7s
2

(226)
5
0,90
5
3
1s
2
2s
2
2p
1
10,81
)
2,04
)
3
[Ne]3s
2
3p
1

26,98
%
1,61
%
1, 3
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
1
$
114,82
7
1,78
7
-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4
1s
2
2s
2
2p
2
12,01
2,55
(
4
[Ne]3s
2
3p
2
$
28,09
#
1,90
#%
2, 4
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
2

118,69
#
1,96

2, 4
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
2
207,20
(
1,80

[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
2
$
(289)
*
.%
.%0
-3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
1s
2
2s
2
2p
3
14,007
3,04
6
-3, [1], 3, [4], 5
[Ne]3s
2
3p
3

30,97
2,19
"
-3, 3, 5
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
3

74,92

2,18

-3, 3, [4], 5
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
3

121,75
#(
2,05

3, 5
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
3

208,98
)
1,90
)
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
3

(290)
*
/
/0
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
4

(293)
*
0
0
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
5

(294)
*

[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
6

(294)
*
86
86
-2, -1, [1, 2] 4, 6
[Ne]3s
2
3p
4

32,06
#
2,58
#%,
-2,-1, [-1/2,-1/3,1],2
1s
2
2s
2
2p
4
15,999
8
3,44
896
-2, 4, 6
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
4
$
78,96
#
2,55
#%
-2, 2, 4, 6
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
4
$
(209)

2,00
%
-1
1s
2
2s
2
2p
5
18,998
.
3,98
.%
-1, 1, 3, [4], 5, 7
[Ne]3s
2
3p
5

35,45
%
3,16
%
-1, 1, [3], [4], 5, 7
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
5

79,91
)
2,96
)
-1, 1, 3, 5, 7
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
5

126,90
7
2,66
7
-1, 1, 3, 5, 7
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
5

(210)
2,20

1s
2
4,003
-
-%
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6

20,18


[Ne]3s
2
3p
6

39,95

6
2, 4
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
6

83,80
4
3,00
4"
2, 4, 6
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
6
$
131,30
:
2, 60
:
[4]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
6

(222)
5
5
3
[Ar]3d
1
4s
2
44,96
#
1,36
#
3
[Kr]4d
1
5s
2

88,91
1
1,22
12
2, 3, 4
[Ar]3d
2
4s
2
47,90

1,54

[2], [3], 4
[Kr]4d
2
5s
2
$
91,22
;
1,33
;
[2], [3], 4
[Xe]4f
14
5d
2
6s
2
178,49
-,
1,30
-,
2, [3], 4, 5
[Ar]3d
3
4s
2
50,94
<
1,63
<
2, 3, 4, 6
[Ar]3d
5
4s
1
$
51,996

1,66

[2], [3], [4], 5
[Kr]4d
4
5s
1
$
92,91
(
1,60
(
2, 3, 4, [5], 6
[Kr]4d
5
5s
1
$
95,94
/
2,16
/%(
[2], [3], [4], 5
[Xe]4f
14
5d
3
6s
2

180,95
1,50
%
2, [3], [4], [5], 6
[Xe]4f
14
5d
4
6s
2
$
183,85
=
2,36
6
[Rn]5f
14
6d
4
7s
2

(269)
*
#6
#(6
2, 3, 4, [5], 6, 7
[Ar]3d
5
4s
2
54,94
/
1,55
/6
2, [3], [4]
[Ar]3d
7
4s
2
58,93

1,88
(%
2, 3, [4, 5, 6]
[Ar]3d
6
4s
2
55,85
.
1,83
7
2, 3, 4, [5, 6], 8
[Kr]4d
7
5s
1
$$
101,07
5
2,20
5
2, 3, 4
[Kr]4d
8
5s
1
$
102,91
5
2,28
5
2, [3], 4
[Kr]4d
10
5s
0
$
106,40

2,20
%
2, [3], [4]
[Ar]3d
8
4s
2
58,71

1,91
*%
3, 4, [5], [6], 7
[Kr]4d
5
5s
2
$
(99)
1,90

[2], 3, 4, [5], [6], 7
[Xe]4f
14
5d
5
6s
2

186,20
5
1,90
5
2, 3, 4, [6], 8
[Xe]4f
14
5d
6
6s
2

190,20
8
2,20
8
2, 3, 4, [6]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
7
6s
2

192,20
7
2,20
7
2, [3], 4, [6]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
9
6s
1

195,09

2,28
%
[Rn]5f
14
6d
5
7s
2

(270)
*
)
)
[Rn]5f
14
6d
6
7s
2

(277)
*
-
-
[Rn]5f
14
6d
7
7s
2

(278)
*
/
/
[Rn]5f
14
6d
8
7s
2

(281)
*
+
+
1, 2
[Ar]3d
10
4s
1
63,54

1,90
""
1, [2]
[Kr]4d
10
5s
1
$
107,87
6
1,93
#%0
1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
1

196,97

2,54
'%
1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2

200,59
-6
2,00
/
[Rn]5f
14
6d
9
7s
2

(282)
*
56
56
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2

(285)
*

"
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
1

(286)
*


1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
1

204,37
%
1,80
%%
- Lưu ý: Số oxi hóa
dương trong bảng
tuần hoàn không kèm
thêm dấu
- (*): Đồng vị bền
Design: ThS. Nguyễn
Phú Hoạt
>7<)?
>$?
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>?
><7)?
>?
><77)?
>?
><777)?
>?
><777)?
>?
><777)?
>?
>7)?
>?
>77)?
> ?
>777)?
>?
><77?
>?
><7?
>?
><?
>?
>7<?
>$?
>777?
>?
>7?
>?
><777?
>?
>77?
> ?
$
/6
/6
24,31
1,31
[Ne]3s
2
2
3
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
1

69,72
'
1,81
'%%
2, 4
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
2
72,64
'
2,01
'
-2, [2], 4, 6
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
4
127,60
2,10
%%
[Rn]5f
14
6d
3
7s
2

(268)
*
+(
+(
2
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2

65,38
;
1,65
;
2
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
$
112,41

1,69

[Rn]5f
14
6d
2
7s
2
$
(267)
*
5,
5,
2
[Ne]3s
2
24,31
/6
1,31
/6
@6AB @6AB"@6AB @6AB,
Kim
loại
Phi
kim
-1, 1
1s
1
1,008
-
2,20
-6
1
1s
2
2s
1
6,94

0,98

1
[Ne]3s
1

22,989

0,93
#
1
[Ar]4s
1

39,098
4
0,82

1
[Xe]6s
1

132,91

0,79

1
[Rn]7s
1

(223)
.
0,70
.
2
1s
2
2s
2
$
9,01
)
1,57
)%%
2
[Ne]3s
2
24,31
/6
1,31
/6
2
[Ar]4s
2
40,08

1,00
%
2
[Kr]5s
2

87,62
#
0,95
#
2
[Xe]6s
2

137,31
)
0,89
)
2
[Rn]7s
2

(226)
5
0,90
5


3
1s
2
2s
2
2p
1
10,81
)
2,04
)
3
[Ne]3s
2
3p
1

26,98
%
1,61
%
1, 3
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
1
$
114,82
7
1,78
7
-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4
1s
2
2s
2
2p
2
12,01
2,55
(
4
[Ne]3s
2
3p
2
$
28,09
#
1,90
#%
2, 4
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
2

118,69
#
1,96

2, 4
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
2
207,20
(
1,80

[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
2
$
(289)
*
.%
.%0
-3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
1s
2
2s
2
2p
3
14,007
3,04
6
-3, [1], 3, [4], 5
[Ne]3s
2
3p
3

30,97
2,19
"
-3, 3, 5
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
3

74,92

2,18

-3, 3, [4], 5
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
3

121,75
#(
2,05

3, 5
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
3

208,98
)
1,90
)
-2, -1, [1, 2] 4, 6
[Ne]3s
2
3p
4

32,06
#
2,58
#%,
-2, 2, 4, 6
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
4
$
(209)

2,00
%
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
6

(294)
*
86
86


3
[Xe]5d
1
6s
2

138,91

1,10

3
[Rn]6d
1
7s
2

(227)

1,10

3, 4
[Xe]4f
2
5d
0
6s
2

140,12

1,12

4
[Rn]5f
0
6d
2
7s
2

232,04

1,30

3, 4
[Xe]4f
3
5d
0
6s
2

140,91

1,13

4, 5
[Rn]5f
2
6d
1
7s
2

231,04

1,50

[2], 3, 4
[Xe]4f
4
5d
0
6s
2

144,24

1,14

[3], 4, [5], 6
[Rn]5f
3
6d
1
7s
2
238,03
!
1,38
!
3
[Xe]4f
5
5d
0
6s
2

(147)

1,13

[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
4
6d
1
7s
2

(237)
"
1,36
"
2, 3
[Xe]4f
6
5d
0
6s
2
150,35
#
1,17
#
[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
6
6d
0
7s
2
$
(244)

1,28
%
2, 3
[Xe]4f
7
5d
0
6s
2

151,96
&
1,20
&"
[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
7
6d
0
7s
2

(243)

1,13

3
[Xe]4f
7
5d
1
6s
2
$
157,25
'
1,20
'%
3
[Rn]5f
7
6d
1
7s
2

(247)

1,28

3, 4
[Xe]4f
9
5d
0
6s
2

158,93
(
1,10
(
3, 4
[Rn]5f
9
6d
0
7s
2

(247)
)*
2,20
)*%
3, 4
[Xe]4f
10
5d
0
6s
2

162,50
+
1,22
+"
3
[Rn]5f
10
6d
0
7s
2

(251)
,
1,30
%,
3
[Xe]4f
11
5d
0
6s
2

164,93
-
1,23
-
3
[Rn]5f
11
6d
0
7s
2

(252)
&
1,30
&
3
[Xe]4f
12
5d
0
6s
2

167,26
&
1,24
&(
3
[Rn]5f
12
6d
0
7s
2

(257)
.
1,30
.
(2), 3
[Xe]4f
13
5d
0
6s
2

168,93
1,25
%
2, 3
[Rn]5f
13
6d
0
7s
2

(258)
/
1,30
/%0
2, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
0
6s
2

173,04
1(
1,10
12(
2, 3
[Rn]5f
14
6d
0
7s
2

(259)

1,30
(%
3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
1
6s
2

174,97

1,27

3
[Rn]5f
14
6d
1
7s
2

(266)

3
BẢNG TUẦN HOÀN CÁC NGUYÊN TỐ HÓA
HỌC
AUDIO
Cl
AUDIO
Cl
1
[Kr]5s
1

85,47
5(
0,82
5(
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
3

(290)
*
/
/0
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
4

(293)
*
0
0
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
5

(294)
*

-2,-1, [-1/2,-1/3,1],2
1s
2
2s
2
2p
4
15,999
8
3,44
896
-2, 4, 6
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
4
$
78,96
#
2,55
#%
-1
1s
2
2s
2
2p
5
18,998
.
3,98
.%
-1, 1, [3], [4], 5, 7
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
5

79,91
)
2,96
)
-1, 1, 3, 5, 7
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
5

126,90
7
2,66
7
-1, 1, 3, 5, 7
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
5

(210)
2,20

1s
2
4,003
-
-%
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6

20,18


[Ne]3s
2
3p
6

39,95

6
2, 4
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
6

83,80
4
3,00
4"
2, 4, 6
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
6
$
131,30
:
2, 60
:
[4]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
6

(222)
5
5
3
[Ar]3d
1
4s
2
44,96
#
1,36
#
3
[Kr]4d
1
5s
2

88,91
1
1,22
12
2, 3, 4
[Ar]3d
2
4s
2
47,90

1,54

[2], [3], 4
[Kr]4d
2
5s
2
$
91,22
;
1,33
;
[2], [3], 4
[Xe]4f
14
5d
2
6s
2
178,49
-,
1,30
-,
2, [3], 4, 5
[Ar]3d
3
4s
2
50,94
<
1,63
<
2, 3, 4, 6
[Ar]3d
5
4s
1
$
51,996

1,66

[2], [3], [4], 5
[Kr]4d
4
5s
1
$
92,91
(
1,60
(
2, 3, 4, [5], 6
[Kr]4d
5
5s
1
$
95,94
/
2,16
/%(
[2], [3], [4], 5
[Xe]4f
14
5d
3
6s
2

180,95
1,50
%
2, [3], [4], [5], 6
[Xe]4f
14
5d
4
6s
2
$
183,85
=
2,36
6
[Rn]5f
14
6d
4
7s
2

(269)
*
#6
#(6
2, 3, 4, [5], 6, 7
[Ar]3d
5
4s
2
54,94
/
1,55
/6
2, [3], [4]
[Ar]3d
7
4s
2
58,93

1,88
(%
2, 3, [4, 5, 6]
[Ar]3d
6
4s
2
55,85
.
1,83
7
2, 3, 4, [5, 6], 8
[Kr]4d
7
5s
1
$$
101,07
5
2,20
5
2, 3, 4
[Kr]4d
8
5s
1
$
102,91
5
2,28
5
2, [3], 4
[Kr]4d
10
5s
0
$
106,40

2,20
%
2, [3], [4]
[Ar]3d
8
4s
2
58,71

1,91
*%
3, 4, [5], [6], 7
[Kr]4d
5
5s
2
$
(99)
1,90

[2], 3, 4, [5], [6], 7
[Xe]4f
14
5d
5
6s
2

186,20
5
1,90
5
2, 3, 4, [6], 8
[Xe]4f
14
5d
6
6s
2

190,20
8
2,20
8
2, 3, 4, [6]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
7
6s
2

192,20
7
2,20
7
2, [3], 4, [6]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
9
6s
1

195,09

2,28
%
[Rn]5f
14
6d
5
7s
2

(270)
*
)
)
[Rn]5f
14
6d
6
7s
2

(277)
*
-
-
[Rn]5f
14
6d
7
7s
2

(278)
*
/
/
[Rn]5f
14
6d
8
7s
2

(281)
*
+
+
1, 2
[Ar]3d
10
4s
1
63,54

1,90
""
1, [2]
[Kr]4d
10
5s
1
$
107,87
6
1,93
#%0
1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
1

196,97

2,54
'%
1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2

200,59
-6
2,00
/
[Rn]5f
14
6d
9
7s
2

(282)
*
56
56
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2

(285)
*

"
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
1

(286)
*


1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
1

204,37
%
1,80
%%
- Lưu ý: Số oxi hóa
dương trong bảng
tuần hoàn không kèm
thêm dấu
- (*): Đồng vị bền
Design: ThS. Nguyễn
Phú Hoạt
>7<)?
>$?
><)?
>?
><7)?
>?
><77)?
>?
><777)?
>?
><777)?
>?
><777)?
>?
>7)?
>?
>77)?
> ?
>777)?
>?
><77?
>?
><7?
>?
><?
>?
>7<?
>$?
>777?
>?
>7?
>?
><777?
>?
>77?
> ?
$

%
%
35,45
3,16
[Ne]3s
2
3p
5
-1, 1, 3, [4], 5, 7
3
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
1

69,72
'
1,81
'%%
2, 4
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
2
72,64
'
2,01
'
-2, [2], 4, 6
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
4
127,60
2,10
%%
[Rn]5f
14
6d
3
7s
2

(268)
*
+(
+(
2
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2

65,38
;
1,65
;
2
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
$
112,41

1,69

[Rn]5f
14
6d
2
7s
2
$
(267)
*
5,
5,
-1, 1, 3, [4], 5, 7
[Ne]3s
2
3p
5

35,45
%
3,16
%
@6AB @6AB"@6AB @6AB,
Kim
loại
Phi
kim
-1, 1
1s
1
1,008
-
2,20
-6
1
1s
2
2s
1
6,94

0,98

1
[Ne]3s
1

22,989

0,93
#
1
[Ar]4s
1

39,098
4
0,82

1
[Xe]6s
1

132,91

0,79

1
[Rn]7s
1

(223)
.
0,70
.
2
1s
2
2s
2
$
9,01
)
1,57
)%%
2
[Ne]3s
2
24,31
/6
1,31
/6
2
[Ar]4s
2
40,08

1,00
%
2
[Kr]5s
2

87,62
#
0,95
#
2
[Xe]6s
2

137,31
)
0,89
)
2
[Rn]7s
2

(226)
5
0,90
5


3
1s
2
2s
2
2p
1
10,81
)
2,04
)
3
[Ne]3s
2
3p
1

26,98
%
1,61
%
1, 3
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
1
$
114,82
7
1,78
7
-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4
1s
2
2s
2
2p
2
12,01
2,55
(
4
[Ne]3s
2
3p
2
$
28,09
#
1,90
#%
2, 4
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
2

118,69
#
1,96

2, 4
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
2
207,20
(
1,80

[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
2
$
(289)
*
.%
.%0
-3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
1s
2
2s
2
2p
3
14,007
3,04
6
-3, [1], 3, [4], 5
[Ne]3s
2
3p
3

30,97
2,19
"
-3, 3, 5
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
3

74,92

2,18

-3, 3, [4], 5
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
3

121,75
#(
2,05

3, 5
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
3

208,98
)
1,90
)
-2, -1, [1, 2] 4, 6
[Ne]3s
2
3p
4

32,06
#
2,58
#%,
-2, 2, 4, 6
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
4
$
(209)

2,00
%
-1, 1, 3, 5, 7
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
5

(210)
2,20

[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
6

(294)
*
86
86


3
[Xe]5d
1
6s
2

138,91

1,10

3
[Rn]6d
1
7s
2

(227)

1,10

3, 4
[Xe]4f
2
5d
0
6s
2

140,12

1,12

4
[Rn]5f
0
6d
2
7s
2

232,04

1,30

3, 4
[Xe]4f
3
5d
0
6s
2

140,91

1,13

4, 5
[Rn]5f
2
6d
1
7s
2

231,04

1,50

[2], 3, 4
[Xe]4f
4
5d
0
6s
2

144,24

1,14

[3], 4, [5], 6
[Rn]5f
3
6d
1
7s
2
238,03
!
1,38
!
3
[Xe]4f
5
5d
0
6s
2

(147)

1,13

[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
4
6d
1
7s
2

(237)
"
1,36
"
2, 3
[Xe]4f
6
5d
0
6s
2
150,35
#
1,17
#
[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
6
6d
0
7s
2
$
(244)

1,28
%
2, 3
[Xe]4f
7
5d
0
6s
2

151,96
&
1,20
&"
[3], 4, 5, 6
[Rn]5f
7
6d
0
7s
2

(243)

1,13

3
[Xe]4f
7
5d
1
6s
2
$
157,25
'
1,20
'%
3
[Rn]5f
7
6d
1
7s
2

(247)

1,28

3, 4
[Xe]4f
9
5d
0
6s
2

158,93
(
1,10
(
3, 4
[Rn]5f
9
6d
0
7s
2

(247)
)*
2,20
)*%
3, 4
[Xe]4f
10
5d
0
6s
2

162,50
+
1,22
+"
3
[Rn]5f
10
6d
0
7s
2

(251)
,
1,30
%,
3
[Xe]4f
11
5d
0
6s
2

164,93
-
1,23
-
3
[Rn]5f
11
6d
0
7s
2

(252)
&
1,30
&
3
[Xe]4f
12
5d
0
6s
2

167,26
&
1,24
&(
3
[Rn]5f
12
6d
0
7s
2

(257)
.
1,30
.
(2), 3
[Xe]4f
13
5d
0
6s
2

168,93
1,25
%
2, 3
[Rn]5f
13
6d
0
7s
2

(258)
/
1,30
/%0
2, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
0
6s
2

173,04
1(
1,10
12(
2, 3
[Rn]5f
14
6d
0
7s
2

(259)

1,30
(%
3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
1
6s
2

174,97

1,27

3
[Rn]5f
14
6d
1
7s
2

(266)

3
BẢNG TUẦN HOÀN CÁC NGUYÊN TỐ HÓA
HỌC
AUDIO
Ar
AUDIO
Ar
1
[Kr]5s
1

85,47
5(
0,82
5(
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
3

(290)
*
/
/0
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
4

(293)
*
0
0
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
5

(294)
*

-2,-1, [-1/2,-1/3,1],2
1s
2
2s
2
2p
4
15,999
8
3,44
896
-2, 4, 6
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
4
$
78,96
#
2,55
#%
-1
1s
2
2s
2
2p
5
18,998
.
3,98
.%
-1, 1, 3, [4], 5, 7
[Ne]3s
2
3p
5

35,45
%
3,16
%
-1, 1, [3], [4], 5, 7
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
5

79,91
)
2,96
)
-1, 1, 3, 5, 7
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
5

126,90
7
2,66
7
1s
2
4,003
-
-%
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6

20,18


2, 4
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
6

83,80
4
3,00
4"
2, 4, 6
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
6
$
131,30
:
2, 60
:
[4]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
6

(222)
5
5
3
[Ar]3d
1
4s
2
44,96
#
1,36
#
3
[Kr]4d
1
5s
2

88,91
1
1,22
12
2, 3, 4
[Ar]3d
2
4s
2
47,90

1,54

[2], [3], 4
[Kr]4d
2
5s
2
$
91,22
;
1,33
;
[2], [3], 4
[Xe]4f
14
5d
2
6s
2
178,49
-,
1,30
-,
2, [3], 4, 5
[Ar]3d
3
4s
2
50,94
<
1,63
<
2, 3, 4, 6
[Ar]3d
5
4s
1
$
51,996

1,66

[2], [3], [4], 5
[Kr]4d
4
5s
1
$
92,91
(
1,60
(
2, 3, 4, [5], 6
[Kr]4d
5
5s
1
$
95,94
/
2,16
/%(
[2], [3], [4], 5
[Xe]4f
14
5d
3
6s
2

180,95
1,50
%
2, [3], [4], [5], 6
[Xe]4f
14
5d
4
6s
2
$
183,85
=
2,36
6
[Rn]5f
14
6d
4
7s
2

(269)
*
#6
#(6
2, 3, 4, [5], 6, 7
[Ar]3d
5
4s
2
54,94
/
1,55
/6
2, [3], [4]
[Ar]3d
7
4s
2
58,93

1,88
(%
2, 3, [4, 5, 6]
[Ar]3d
6
4s
2
55,85
.
1,83
7
2, 3, 4, [5, 6], 8
[Kr]4d
7
5s
1
$$
101,07
5
2,20
5
2, 3, 4
[Kr]4d
8
5s
1
$
102,91
5
2,28
5
2, [3], 4
[Kr]4d
10
5s
0
$
106,40

2,20
%
2, [3], [4]
[Ar]3d
8
4s
2
58,71

1,91
*%
3, 4, [5], [6], 7
[Kr]4d
5
5s
2
$
(99)
1,90

[2], 3, 4, [5], [6], 7
[Xe]4f
14
5d
5
6s
2

186,20
5
1,90
5
2, 3, 4, [6], 8
[Xe]4f
14
5d
6
6s
2

190,20
8
2,20
8
2, 3, 4, [6]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
7
6s
2

192,20
7
2,20
7
2, [3], 4, [6]
[Xe]4f
14
5d
9
6s
1

195,09

2,28
%
[Rn]5f
14
6d
5
7s
2

(270)
*
)
)
[Rn]5f
14
6d
6
7s
2

(277)
*
-
-
[Rn]5f
14
6d
7
7s
2

(278)
*
/
/
[Rn]5f
14
6d
8
7s
2

(281)
*
+
+
1, 2
[Ar]3d
10
4s
1
63,54

1,90
""
1, [2]
[Kr]4d
10
5s
1
$
107,87
6
1,93
#%0
1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
1

196,97

2,54
'%
1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2

200,59
-6
2,00
/
[Rn]5f
14
6d
9
7s
2

(282)
*
56
56
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2

(285)
*

"
[Rn]5f
14
6d
10
7s
2
7p
1

(286)
*


1, 3
[Xe]4f
14
5d
10
6s
2
6p
1

204,37
%
1,80
%%
- Lưu ý: Số oxi hóa
dương trong bảng
tuần hoàn không kèm
thêm dấu
- (*): Đồng vị bền
Design: ThS. Nguyễn
Phú Hoạt
>7<)?
>$?
><)?
>?
><7)?
>?
><77)?
>?
><777)?
>?
><777)?
>?
><777)?
>?
>7)?
>?
>77)?
> ?
>777)?
>?
><77?
>?
><7?
>?
><?
>?
>7<?
>$?
>777?
>?
>7?
>?
><777?
>?
>77?
> ?
$


6
39,95
[Ne]3s
2
3p
6
3
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
1

69,72
'
1,81
'%%
2, 4
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2
4p
2
72,64
'
2,01
'
-2, [2], 4, 6
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
4
127,60
2,10
%%
[Rn]5f
14
6d
3
7s
2

(268)
*
+(
+(
2
[Ar]3d
10
4s
2

65,38
;
1,65
;
2
[Kr]4d
10
5s
2
$
112,41

1,69

[Rn]5f
14
6d
2
7s
2
$
(267)
*
5,
5,
[Ne]3s
2
3p
6

39,95

6
@6AB @6AB"@6AB @6AB,
Kim
loại
Phi
kim
PHẦN CHUNG SỨC (2 Phút)
Quan sát mô hình hạt đại diện các chất ở điều kiện thường, trả lời câu
hỏi: theo a, b, c,d
(a) Neon (b)Oxygen (c) Hydrogen (d) Nước
1. Chất .... Là đơn chất hay là hợp chất?
2. Cho biết số lượng nguyên tố tạo thành, số lượng nguyên tử trong các
hạt tương ứng mỗi chất.
Bài 6:
LIÊN KẾT HÓA HỌC
NỘI DUNG BÀI HỌC
I. Cấu trúc electron bền
vững của khí hiếm
II. Liên kết ion
III. Liên kết cộng hóa trị
I. CẤU TRÚC ELECTRON
BỀN VỮNG CỦA KHÍ HIẾM
Trong tự nhiên, chỉ có các khí hiếm tồn tại
dạng đơn nguyên tử bền vững, còn
nguyên tử của các nguyên tố khác thường
xu hướng kết hợp với nhau bằng các
liên kết hóa học. Các liên kết hóa học
được hình thành như thế nào?
Ne
O O
Na
+
Cl
-
Tại sao các nguyên
tử khác luôn kết hợp
với nhau?
Tại sao khí hiếm
như neon chỉ tồn
tại độc lập?
C
(C
C-
Hình 6.1. Mô hình sắp xếp e trong vỏ nguyên tử khí hiếm
Quan sát Hình 6.1, so sánh số electron
lớp ngoài cùng của He, Ne và Ar. Nhận xét
chung về số e lớp ngoài cùng của khí hiếm (Thảo
luận nhóm 5 phút)
+2
+10
+18
- Nguyên tử He có 2 electron ở lớp vỏ ngoài cùng
- Nguyên tử Ne có 8 electron ở lớp vỏ ngoài cùng
- Nguyên tử Ar có 8 electron ở lớp vỏ ngoài cùng
Nguyên tố He có số electron ở lớp vỏ ngoài cùng ít hơn
(Chỉ có 2 electron). Nguyên tố Ne và Ar có số electron ở lớp
vỏ ngoài cùng bằng nhau (đều bằng 8)
Lời giải
- Nguyên tử khí hiếm có lớp electron ngoài cùng bền vững,
khó bị biến đổi hóa học.
- Nguyên tử của các nguyên tố khác có thể đạt được lớp
electron ngoài cùng của khí hiếm bằng cách tạo thành liên
kết hoá học.
LUYỆN
TẬP
PHIẾU HỌC TẬP SỐ 2
1/ Nêu tên kí hiệu hóa học của một số nguyên tố
khí hiếm.
2/ Các nguyên tử khí hiếm mấy lớp electron? So
sánh số electron lớp ngoài cùng của các nguyên tử
khí hiếm?
VẬN
DỤNG
PHIẾU HỌC TẬP SỐ 2
3/ Giải thích sao các k hiếm tồn tại dưới dạng đơn
nguyên tử bền vững?
| 1/21

Preview text:

PHẦN KHỞI ĐỘNG •NHÓM NÀO NHANH
BẢNG TUẦN HOÀN CÁC NGUYÊN TỐ HÓA (IA) HỌC
Design: ThS. Nguyễn (VIIIA) (1) Phú Hoạt (18) 1 1,008 1 1,008 2 4,003 H 2,20 He 1 Hydrogen (IIA) (IIIA) (IVA) (VA) (VIA) (VIIA) Helium 1s1 -1, 1 H 2,20 1s2 (2) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) 3 6,94 4 9,01 5 10,81 6 12,01 7 14,007 8 15,999 9 18,998 10 20,18 Hydrogen Li 0,98 Be 1,57 B 2,04 C 2,55 N 3,04 O 3,44 F 3,98 Ne 2 Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon 1s1 1s22s1 1s22s2 1s22s22p1 1s22s22p2 1s22s22p3 1s22s22p4 1s22s22p5 1s22s22p6 1 2 AU A D U I D O I H O 3 -4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4 -3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 -2,-1, [-1/2,-1/3,1],2 -1 -1, 1 11 22,989 12 24,31 13 26,98 14 28,09 15 30,97 16 32,06 17 35,45 18 39,95 Na 0,93 Mg 1,31 Al 1,61 Si 1,90 P 2,19 S 2,58 Cl 3,16 Ar 3 Sodium Magnesium (IIIB) (IVB) (VB) (VIB) (VIIB) (VIIIB) (VIIIB) (VIIIB) (IB) (IIB) Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon [Ne]3s1 [Ne]3s2 [Ne]3s23p1 [Ne]3s23p2 [Ne]3s23p3 [Ne]3s23p4 [Ne]3s23p5 [Ne]3s23p6 (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 1 2 3 4 -3, [1], 3, [4], 5 -2, -1, [1, 2] 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, [4], 5, 7 19 39,098 20 40,08 21 44,96 22 47,90 23 50,94 24 51,996 25 54,94 26 55,85 27 58,93 28 58,71 29 63,54 30 65,38 31 69,72 32 72,64 33 74,92 34 78,96 35 79,91 36 83,80 K 0,82 Ca 1,00 Sc 1,36 Ti 1,54 V 1,63 Cr 1,66 Mn 1,55 Fe 1,83 Co 1,88 Ni 1,91 Cu 1,90 Zn 1,65 Ga 1,81 Ge 2,01 As 2,18 Se 2,55 Br 2,96 Kr 3,00 4 Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton [Ar]4s1 [Ar]4s2 [Ar]3d14s2 [Ar]3d24s2 [Ar]3d34s2 [Ar]3d54s1 [Ar]3d54s2 [Ar]3d64s2 [Ar]3d74s2 [Ar]3d84s2 [Ar]3d104s1 [Ar]3d104s2 [Ar]3d104s24p1 [Ar]3d104s24p2 [Ar]3d104s24p3 [Ar]3d104s24p4 [Ar]3d104s24p5 [Ar]3d104s24p6 1 2 3 2, 3, 4 2, [3], 4, 5 2, 3, 4, 6 2, 3, 4, [5], 6, 7 2, 3, [4, 5, 6] 2, [3], [4] 2, [3], [4] 1, 2 2 3 2, 4 -3, 3, 5 -2, 4, 6 -1, 1, [3], [4], 5, 7 2, 4 37 85,47 38 87,62 39 88,91 40 91,22 41 92,91 42 95,94 43 (99) 44 101,07 45 102,91 46 106,40 47 107,87 48 112,41 49 114,82 50 118,69 51 121,75 52 127,60 53 126,90 54 131,30 Rb 0,82 Sr 0,95 Y 1,22 Zr 1,33 Nb 1,60 Mo 2,16 Tc 1,90 Ru 2,20 Rh 2,28 Pd 2,20 Ag 1,93 Cd 1,69 In 1,78 Sn 1,96 Sb 2,05 Te 2,10 I 2,66 Xe 2, 60 5 Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Paladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon [Kr]5s1 [Kr]5s2 [Kr]4d15s2 [Kr]4d25s2 [Kr]4d45s1 [Kr]4d55s1 [Kr]4d55s2 [Kr]4d75s1 [Kr]4d85s1 [Kr]4d105s0 [Kr]4d105s1 [Kr]4d105s2 [Kr]4d105s25p1 [Kr]4d105s25p2 [Kr]4d105s25p3 [Kr]4d105s25p4 [Kr]4d105s25p5 [Kr]4d105s25p6 1 2 3 [2], [3], 4 [2], [3], [4], 5 2, 3, 4, [5], 6 3, 4, [5], [6], 7 2, 3, 4, [5, 6], 8 2, 3, 4 2, [3], 4 1, [2] 2 1, 3 2, 4 -3, 3, [4], 5 -2, [2], 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, 5, 7 2, 4, 6 55 132,91 56 137,31 72 178,49 73 180,95 74 183,85 75 186,20 76 190,20 77 192,20 78 195,09 79 196,97 80 200,59 81 204,37 82 207,20 83 208,98 84 (209) 85 (210) 86 (222) 57 – 71 Cs 0,79 Ba 0,89 Hf 1,30 Ta 1,50 W 2,36 Re 1,90 Os 2,20 Ir 2,20 Pt 2,28 Au 2,54 Hg 2,00 Tl 1,80 Pb 1,80 Bi 1,90 Po 2,00 At 2,20 Rn 6 Caesium Barium Lanthanides Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon [Xe]6s1 [Xe]6s2 [Xe]4f145d26s2 [Xe]4f145d36s2 [Xe]4f145d46s2 [Xe]4f145d56s2 [Xe]4f145d66s2 [Xe]4f145d76s2 [Xe]4f145d96s1 [Xe]4f145d106s1 [Xe]4f145d106s2 [Xe]4f145d106s26p1 [Xe]4f145d106s26p2 [Xe]4f145d106s26p3 [Xe]4f145d106s26p4 [Xe]4f145d106s26p5 [Xe]4f145d106s26p6 1 2 [2], [3], 4 [2], [3], [4], 5 2, [3], [4], [5], 6 [2], 3, 4, [5], [6], 7 2, 3, 4, [6], 8 2, 3, 4, [6] 2, [3], 4, [6] 1, 3 1, 3 1, 3 2, 4 3, 5 -2, 2, 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, 5, 7 [4] 87 (223) 88 (226) 104 (267)* 105 (268)* 106 (269)* 107 (270)* 108 (277)* 109 (278)* 110 (281)* 111 (282)* 112 (285)* 113 (286)* 114 (289)* 115 (290)* 116 (293)* 117 (294)* 118 (294)* 89 – 103 Fr 0,70 Ra 0,90 Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og 7 Francium Radium Actinides Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessium Oganesson [Rn]7s1 [Rn]7s2 [Rn]5f146d27s2 [Rn]5f146d37s2 [Rn]5f146d47s2 [Rn]5f146d57s2 [Rn]5f146d67s2 [Rn]5f146d77s2 [Rn]5f146d87s2 [Rn]5f146d97s2 [Rn]5f146d107s2 [Rn]5f146d107s27p1 [Rn]5f146d107s27p2 [Rn]5f146d107s27p3 [Rn]5f146d107s27p4 [Rn]5f146d107s27p5 [Rn]5f146d107s27p6 1 2 Các nguyên tố s Các nguyên tố d Các nguyên tố p Các nguyên tố f Kim Phi loại kim 57 138,91 58 140,12 59 140,91 60 144,24 61 (147) 62 150,35 63 151,96 64 157,25 65 158,93 66 162,50 67 164,93 68 167,26 69 168,93 70 173,04 71 174,97 La 1,10 Ce 1,12 Pr 1,13 Nd 1,14 Pm 1,13 Sm 1,17 Eu 1,20 Gd 1,20 Tb 1,10 Dy 1,22 Ho 1,23 Er 1,24 Tm 1,25 Yb 1,10 Lu 1,27
- Lưu ý: Số oxi hóa Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Homium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium [Xe]5d16s2 [Xe]4f25d06s2 [Xe]4f35d06s2 [Xe]4f45d06s2 [Xe]4f55d06s2 [Xe]4f65d06s2 [Xe]4f75d06s2 [Xe]4f75d16s2 [Xe]4f95d06s2 [Xe]4f105d06s2 [Xe]4f115d06s2 [Xe]4f125d06s2 [Xe]4f135d06s2 [Xe]4f145d06s2 [Xe]4f145d16s2 dương trong bảng 3 3, 4 3, 4 [2], 3, 4 3 2, 3 2, 3 3 3, 4 3, 4 3 3 (2), 3 2, 3 3
tuần hoàn không kèm 89 (227) 90 232,04 91 231,04 92 238,03 93 (237) 94 (244) 95 (243) 96 (247) 97 (247) 98 (251) 99 (252) 100 (257) 101 (258) 102 (259) 103 (266) thêm dấu Ac 1,10 Th 1,30 Pa 1,50 U 1,38 Np 1,36 Pu 1,28 Am 1,13 Cm 1,28 Bk 2,20 Cf 1,30 Es 1,30 Fm 1,30 Md 1,30 No 1,30 Lr Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Califormium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium
- (*): Đồng vị bền [Rn]6d17s2 [Rn]5f06d27s2 [Rn]5f26d17s2 [Rn]5f36d17s2 [Rn]5f46d17s2 [Rn]5f66d07s2 [Rn]5f76d07s2 [Rn]5f76d17s2 [Rn]5f96d07s2 [Rn]5f106d07s2 [Rn]5f116d07s2 [Rn]5f126d07s2 [Rn]5f136d07s2 [Rn]5f146d07s2 [Rn]5f146d17s2 3 4 4, 5 [3], 4, [5], 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 3 3, 4 3 3 3 2, 3 2, 3 3
BẢNG TUẦN HOÀN CÁC NGUYÊN TỐ HÓA (IA) HỌC
Design: ThS. Nguyễn (VIIIA) (1) Phú Hoạt (18) 1 1,008 2 4,003 2 4,003 H 2,20 He 1 Hydrogen (IIA) (IIIA) (IVA) (VA) (VIA) (VIIA) He Helium 1s1 (2) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) 1s2 -1, 1 3 6,94 4 9,01 5 10,81 6 12,01 7 14,007 8 15,999 9 18,998 10 20,18 Helium Li 0,98 Be 1,57 B 2,04 C 2,55 N 3,04 O 3,44 F 3,98 Ne 2 Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon 1s2 1s22s1 1s22s2 1s22s22p1 1s22s22p2 1s22s22p3 AUD A I UD O I 1s22s22p4 1s22s22p5 1s22s22p6 1 2 3 -4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4 -3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 -2,-1, [-1/2,-1/3,1],2 -1 11 22,989 12 24,31 13 26,98 14 28,09 15 30,97 16 32,06 He H 17 35,45 18 39,95 Na 0,93 Mg 1,31 Al 1,61 Si 1,90 P 2,19 S 2,58 Cl 3,16 Ar 3 Sodium Magnesium (IIIB) (IVB) (VB) (VIB) (VIIB) (VIIIB) (VIIIB) (VIIIB) (IB) (IIB) Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon [Ne]3s1 [Ne]3s2 [Ne]3s23p1 [Ne]3s23p2 [Ne]3s23p3 [Ne]3s23p4 [Ne]3s23p5 [Ne]3s23p6 (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 1 2 3 4 -3, [1], 3, [4], 5 -2, -1, [1, 2] 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, [4], 5, 7 19 39,098 20 40,08 21 44,96 22 47,90 23 50,94 24 51,996 25 54,94 26 55,85 27 58,93 28 58,71 29 63,54 30 65,38 31 69,72 32 72,64 33 74,92 34 78,96 35 79,91 36 83,80 K 0,82 Ca 1,00 Sc 1,36 Ti 1,54 V 1,63 Cr 1,66 Mn 1,55 Fe 1,83 Co 1,88 Ni 1,91 Cu 1,90 Zn 1,65 Ga 1,81 Ge 2,01 As 2,18 Se 2,55 Br 2,96 Kr 3,00 4 Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton [Ar]4s1 [Ar]4s2 [Ar]3d14s2 [Ar]3d24s2 [Ar]3d34s2 [Ar]3d54s1 [Ar]3d54s2 [Ar]3d64s2 [Ar]3d74s2 [Ar]3d84s2 [Ar]3d104s1 [Ar]3d104s2 [Ar]3d104s24p1 [Ar]3d104s24p2 [Ar]3d104s24p3 [Ar]3d104s24p4 [Ar]3d104s24p5 [Ar]3d104s24p6 1 2 3 2, 3, 4 2, [3], 4, 5 2, 3, 4, 6 2, 3, 4, [5], 6, 7 2, 3, [4, 5, 6] 2, [3], [4] 2, [3], [4] 1, 2 2 3 2, 4 -3, 3, 5 -2, 4, 6 -1, 1, [3], [4], 5, 7 2, 4 37 85,47 38 87,62 39 88,91 40 91,22 41 92,91 42 95,94 43 (99) 44 101,07 45 102,91 46 106,40 47 107,87 48 112,41 49 114,82 50 118,69 51 121,75 52 127,60 53 126,90 54 131,30 Rb 0,82 Sr 0,95 Y 1,22 Zr 1,33 Nb 1,60 Mo 2,16 Tc 1,90 Ru 2,20 Rh 2,28 Pd 2,20 Ag 1,93 Cd 1,69 In 1,78 Sn 1,96 Sb 2,05 Te 2,10 I 2,66 Xe 2, 60 5 Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Paladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon [Kr]5s1 [Kr]5s2 [Kr]4d15s2 [Kr]4d25s2 [Kr]4d45s1 [Kr]4d55s1 [Kr]4d55s2 [Kr]4d75s1 [Kr]4d85s1 [Kr]4d105s0 [Kr]4d105s1 [Kr]4d105s2 [Kr]4d105s25p1 [Kr]4d105s25p2 [Kr]4d105s25p3 [Kr]4d105s25p4 [Kr]4d105s25p5 [Kr]4d105s25p6 1 2 3 [2], [3], 4 [2], [3], [4], 5 2, 3, 4, [5], 6 3, 4, [5], [6], 7 2, 3, 4, [5, 6], 8 2, 3, 4 2, [3], 4 1, [2] 2 1, 3 2, 4 -3, 3, [4], 5 -2, [2], 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, 5, 7 2, 4, 6 55 132,91 56 137,31 72 178,49 73 180,95 74 183,85 75 186,20 76 190,20 77 192,20 78 195,09 79 196,97 80 200,59 81 204,37 82 207,20 83 208,98 84 (209) 85 (210) 86 (222) Cs 57 – 71 0,79 Ba 0,89 Hf 1,30 Ta 1,50 W 2,36 Re 1,90 Os 2,20 Ir 2,20 Pt 2,28 Au 2,54 Hg 2,00 Tl 1,80 Pb 1,80 Bi 1,90 Po 2,00 At 2,20 Rn 6 Caesium Barium Lanthanides Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon [Xe]6s1 [Xe]6s2 [Xe]4f145d26s2 [Xe]4f145d36s2 [Xe]4f145d46s2 [Xe]4f145d56s2 [Xe]4f145d66s2 [Xe]4f145d76s2 [Xe]4f145d96s1 [Xe]4f145d106s1 [Xe]4f145d106s2 [Xe]4f145d106s26p1 [Xe]4f145d106s26p2 [Xe]4f145d106s26p3 [Xe]4f145d106s26p4 [Xe]4f145d106s26p5 [Xe]4f145d106s26p6 1 2 [2], [3], 4 [2], [3], [4], 5 2, [3], [4], [5], 6 [2], 3, 4, [5], [6], 7 2, 3, 4, [6], 8 2, 3, 4, [6] 2, [3], 4, [6] 1, 3 1, 3 1, 3 2, 4 3, 5 -2, 2, 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, 5, 7 [4] 87 (223) 88 (226) 104 (267)* 105 (268)* 106 (269)* 107 (270)* 108 (277)* 109 (278)* 110 (281)* 111 (282)* 112 (285)* 113 (286)* 114 (289)* 115 (290)* 116 (293)* 117 (294)* 118 (294)* Fr 89 – 103 0,70 Ra 0,90 Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og 7 Francium Radium Actinides Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessium Oganesson [Rn]7s1 [Rn]7s2 [Rn]5f146d27s2 [Rn]5f146d37s2 [Rn]5f146d47s2 [Rn]5f146d57s2 [Rn]5f146d67s2 [Rn]5f146d77s2 [Rn]5f146d87s2 [Rn]5f146d97s2 [Rn]5f146d107s2 [Rn]5f146d107s27p1 [Rn]5f146d107s27p2 [Rn]5f146d107s27p3 [Rn]5f146d107s27p4 [Rn]5f146d107s27p5 [Rn]5f146d107s27p6 1 2 Các nguyên tố s Các nguyên tố d Các nguyên tố p Các nguyên tố f Kim Phi loại kim 57 138,91 58 140,12 59 140,91 60 144,24 61 (147) 62 150,35 63 151,96 64 157,25 65 158,93 66 162,50 67 164,93 68 167,26 69 168,93 70 173,04 71 174,97 La 1,10 Ce 1,12 Pr 1,13 Nd 1,14 Pm 1,13 Sm 1,17 Eu 1,20 Gd 1,20 Tb 1,10 Dy 1,22 Ho 1,23 Er 1,24 Tm 1,25 Yb 1,10 Lu 1,27
- Lưu ý: Số oxi hóa Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Homium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium [Xe]5d16s2 [Xe]4f25d06s2 [Xe]4f35d06s2 [Xe]4f45d06s2 [Xe]4f55d06s2 [Xe]4f65d06s2 [Xe]4f75d06s2 [Xe]4f75d16s2 [Xe]4f95d06s2 [Xe]4f105d06s2 [Xe]4f115d06s2 [Xe]4f125d06s2 [Xe]4f135d06s2 [Xe]4f145d06s2 [Xe]4f145d16s2 dương trong bảng 3 3, 4 3, 4 [2], 3, 4 3 2, 3 2, 3 3 3, 4 3, 4 3 3 (2), 3 2, 3 3
tuần hoàn không kèm 89 (227) 90 232,04 91 231,04 92 238,03 93 (237) 94 (244) 95 (243) 96 (247) 97 (247) 98 (251) 99 (252) 100 (257) 101 (258) 102 (259) 103 (266) thêm dấu Ac 1,10 Th 1,30 Pa 1,50 U 1,38 Np 1,36 Pu 1,28 Am 1,13 Cm 1,28 Bk 2,20 Cf 1,30 Es 1,30 Fm 1,30 Md 1,30 No 1,30 Lr Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Califormium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium
- (*): Đồng vị bền [Rn]6d17s2 [Rn]5f06d27s2 [Rn]5f26d17s2 [Rn]5f36d17s2 [Rn]5f46d17s2 [Rn]5f66d07s2 [Rn]5f76d07s2 [Rn]5f76d17s2 [Rn]5f96d07s2 [Rn]5f106d07s2 [Rn]5f116d07s2 [Rn]5f126d07s2 [Rn]5f136d07s2 [Rn]5f146d07s2 [Rn]5f146d17s2 3 4 4, 5 [3], 4, [5], 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 3 3, 4 3 3 3 2, 3 2, 3 3
BẢNG TUẦN HOÀN CÁC NGUYÊN TỐ HÓA (IA) HỌC
Design: ThS. Nguyễn (VIIIA) (1) Phú Hoạt (18) 1 1,008 10 20,18 2 4,003 H 2,20 He 1 Hydrogen (IIA) (IIIA) (IVA) (VA) (VIA) (VIIA) Helium Ne 1s1 1s2 (2) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) -1, 1 3 6,94 4 9,01 5 10,81 6 12,01 7 14,007 8 15,999 9 18,998 Neon 10 20,18 Li 0,98 Be 1,57 B 2,04 C 2,55 N 3,04 O 3,44 F 3,98 Ne 2 Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine 1s22s22p6 Neon 1s22s1 1s22s2 1s22s22p1 1s22s22p2 1s22s22p3 AUD A I UD O I 1s22s22p4 1s22s22p5 1s22s22p6 1 2 3 -4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4 -3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 -2,-1, [-1/2,-1/3,1],2 -1 11 22,989 12 24,31 13 26,98 14 28,09 15 30,97 16 32,06 Ne N 17 35,45 18 39,95 Na 0,93 Mg 1,31 Al 1,61 Si 1,90 P 2,19 S 2,58 Cl 3,16 Ar 3 Sodium Magnesium (IIIB) (IVB) (VB) (VIB) (VIIB) (VIIIB) (VIIIB) (VIIIB) (IB) (IIB) Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon [Ne]3s1 [Ne]3s2 [Ne]3s23p1 [Ne]3s23p2 [Ne]3s23p3 [Ne]3s23p4 [Ne]3s23p5 [Ne]3s23p6 (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 1 2 3 4 -3, [1], 3, [4], 5 -2, -1, [1, 2] 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, [4], 5, 7 19 39,098 20 40,08 21 44,96 22 47,90 23 50,94 24 51,996 25 54,94 26 55,85 27 58,93 28 58,71 29 63,54 30 65,38 31 69,72 32 72,64 33 74,92 34 78,96 35 79,91 36 83,80 K 0,82 Ca 1,00 Sc 1,36 Ti 1,54 V 1,63 Cr 1,66 Mn 1,55 Fe 1,83 Co 1,88 Ni 1,91 Cu 1,90 Zn 1,65 Ga 1,81 Ge 2,01 As 2,18 Se 2,55 Br 2,96 Kr 3,00 4 Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton [Ar]4s1 [Ar]4s2 [Ar]3d14s2 [Ar]3d24s2 [Ar]3d34s2 [Ar]3d54s1 [Ar]3d54s2 [Ar]3d64s2 [Ar]3d74s2 [Ar]3d84s2 [Ar]3d104s1 [Ar]3d104s2 [Ar]3d104s24p1 [Ar]3d104s24p2 [Ar]3d104s24p3 [Ar]3d104s24p4 [Ar]3d104s24p5 [Ar]3d104s24p6 1 2 3 2, 3, 4 2, [3], 4, 5 2, 3, 4, 6 2, 3, 4, [5], 6, 7 2, 3, [4, 5, 6] 2, [3], [4] 2, [3], [4] 1, 2 2 3 2, 4 -3, 3, 5 -2, 4, 6 -1, 1, [3], [4], 5, 7 2, 4 37 85,47 38 87,62 39 88,91 40 91,22 41 92,91 42 95,94 43 (99) 44 101,07 45 102,91 46 106,40 47 107,87 48 112,41 49 114,82 50 118,69 51 121,75 52 127,60 53 126,90 54 131,30 Rb 0,82 Sr 0,95 Y 1,22 Zr 1,33 Nb 1,60 Mo 2,16 Tc 1,90 Ru 2,20 Rh 2,28 Pd 2,20 Ag 1,93 Cd 1,69 In 1,78 Sn 1,96 Sb 2,05 Te 2,10 I 2,66 Xe 2, 60 5 Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Paladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon [Kr]5s1 [Kr]5s2 [Kr]4d15s2 [Kr]4d25s2 [Kr]4d45s1 [Kr]4d55s1 [Kr]4d55s2 [Kr]4d75s1 [Kr]4d85s1 [Kr]4d105s0 [Kr]4d105s1 [Kr]4d105s2 [Kr]4d105s25p1 [Kr]4d105s25p2 [Kr]4d105s25p3 [Kr]4d105s25p4 [Kr]4d105s25p5 [Kr]4d105s25p6 1 2 3 [2], [3], 4 [2], [3], [4], 5 2, 3, 4, [5], 6 3, 4, [5], [6], 7 2, 3, 4, [5, 6], 8 2, 3, 4 2, [3], 4 1, [2] 2 1, 3 2, 4 -3, 3, [4], 5 -2, [2], 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, 5, 7 2, 4, 6 55 132,91 56 137,31 72 178,49 73 180,95 74 183,85 75 186,20 76 190,20 77 192,20 78 195,09 79 196,97 80 200,59 81 204,37 82 207,20 83 208,98 84 (209) 85 (210) 86 (222) Cs 57 – 71 0,79 Ba 0,89 Hf 1,30 Ta 1,50 W 2,36 Re 1,90 Os 2,20 Ir 2,20 Pt 2,28 Au 2,54 Hg 2,00 Tl 1,80 Pb 1,80 Bi 1,90 Po 2,00 At 2,20 Rn 6 Caesium Barium Lanthanides Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon [Xe]6s1 [Xe]6s2 [Xe]4f145d26s2 [Xe]4f145d36s2 [Xe]4f145d46s2 [Xe]4f145d56s2 [Xe]4f145d66s2 [Xe]4f145d76s2 [Xe]4f145d96s1 [Xe]4f145d106s1 [Xe]4f145d106s2 [Xe]4f145d106s26p1 [Xe]4f145d106s26p2 [Xe]4f145d106s26p3 [Xe]4f145d106s26p4 [Xe]4f145d106s26p5 [Xe]4f145d106s26p6 1 2 [2], [3], 4 [2], [3], [4], 5 2, [3], [4], [5], 6 [2], 3, 4, [5], [6], 7 2, 3, 4, [6], 8 2, 3, 4, [6] 2, [3], 4, [6] 1, 3 1, 3 1, 3 2, 4 3, 5 -2, 2, 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, 5, 7 [4] 87 (223) 88 (226) 104 (267)* 105 (268)* 106 (269)* 107 (270)* 108 (277)* 109 (278)* 110 (281)* 111 (282)* 112 (285)* 113 (286)* 114 (289)* 115 (290)* 116 (293)* 117 (294)* 118 (294)* Fr 89 – 103 0,70 Ra 0,90 Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og 7 Francium Radium Actinides Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessium Oganesson [Rn]7s1 [Rn]7s2 [Rn]5f146d27s2 [Rn]5f146d37s2 [Rn]5f146d47s2 [Rn]5f146d57s2 [Rn]5f146d67s2 [Rn]5f146d77s2 [Rn]5f146d87s2 [Rn]5f146d97s2 [Rn]5f146d107s2 [Rn]5f146d107s27p1 [Rn]5f146d107s27p2 [Rn]5f146d107s27p3 [Rn]5f146d107s27p4 [Rn]5f146d107s27p5 [Rn]5f146d107s27p6 1 2 Các nguyên tố s Các nguyên tố d Các nguyên tố p Các nguyên tố f Kim Phi loại kim 57 138,91 58 140,12 59 140,91 60 144,24 61 (147) 62 150,35 63 151,96 64 157,25 65 158,93 66 162,50 67 164,93 68 167,26 69 168,93 70 173,04 71 174,97 La 1,10 Ce 1,12 Pr 1,13 Nd 1,14 Pm 1,13 Sm 1,17 Eu 1,20 Gd 1,20 Tb 1,10 Dy 1,22 Ho 1,23 Er 1,24 Tm 1,25 Yb 1,10 Lu 1,27
- Lưu ý: Số oxi hóa Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Homium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium [Xe]5d16s2 [Xe]4f25d06s2 [Xe]4f35d06s2 [Xe]4f45d06s2 [Xe]4f55d06s2 [Xe]4f65d06s2 [Xe]4f75d06s2 [Xe]4f75d16s2 [Xe]4f95d06s2 [Xe]4f105d06s2 [Xe]4f115d06s2 [Xe]4f125d06s2 [Xe]4f135d06s2 [Xe]4f145d06s2 [Xe]4f145d16s2 dương trong bảng 3 3, 4 3, 4 [2], 3, 4 3 2, 3 2, 3 3 3, 4 3, 4 3 3 (2), 3 2, 3 3
tuần hoàn không kèm 89 (227) 90 232,04 91 231,04 92 238,03 93 (237) 94 (244) 95 (243) 96 (247) 97 (247) 98 (251) 99 (252) 100 (257) 101 (258) 102 (259) 103 (266) thêm dấu Ac 1,10 Th 1,30 Pa 1,50 U 1,38 Np 1,36 Pu 1,28 Am 1,13 Cm 1,28 Bk 2,20 Cf 1,30 Es 1,30 Fm 1,30 Md 1,30 No 1,30 Lr Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Califormium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium
- (*): Đồng vị bền [Rn]6d17s2 [Rn]5f06d27s2 [Rn]5f26d17s2 [Rn]5f36d17s2 [Rn]5f46d17s2 [Rn]5f66d07s2 [Rn]5f76d07s2 [Rn]5f76d17s2 [Rn]5f96d07s2 [Rn]5f106d07s2 [Rn]5f116d07s2 [Rn]5f126d07s2 [Rn]5f136d07s2 [Rn]5f146d07s2 [Rn]5f146d17s2 3 4 4, 5 [3], 4, [5], 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 3 3, 4 3 3 3 2, 3 2, 3 3
BẢNG TUẦN HOÀN CÁC NGUYÊN TỐ HÓA (IA) HỌC
Design: ThS. Nguyễn (VIIIA) (1) Phú Hoạt (18) 1 1,008 11 22,989 2 4,003 H 2,20 He 1 Hydrogen (IIA) (IIIA) (IVA) (VA) (VIA) (VIIA) Helium Na 0,93 1s1 1s2 (2) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) -1, 1 3 6,94 4 9,01 5 10,81 6 12,01 7 14,007 8 15,999 9 18,998 10 20,18 Sodium Li 0,98 Be 1,57 B 2,04 C 2,55 N 3,04 O 3,44 F 3,98 Ne 2 Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon [Ne]3s1 1s22s1 1s22s2 1s22s22p1 1s22s22p2 1s22s22p3 1s22s22p4 1s22s22p5 1s22s22p6 2 AUD A I UD O I 1 3 -4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4 -3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 -2,-1, [-1/2,-1/3,1],2 -1 1 11 22,989 12 24,31 13 26,98 14 28,09 15 30,97 16 32,06 17 35,45 18 39,95 Na 0,93 Mg 1,31 Na N Al 1,61 Si 1,90 P 2,19 S 2,58 Cl 3,16 Ar 3 Sodium Magnesium (IIIB) (IVB) (VB) (VIB) (VIIB) (VIIIB) (VIIIB) (VIIIB) (IB) (IIB) Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon [Ne]3s1 [Ne]3s2 [Ne]3s23p1 [Ne]3s23p2 [Ne]3s23p3 [Ne]3s23p4 [Ne]3s23p5 [Ne]3s23p6 (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 1 2 3 4 -3, [1], 3, [4], 5 -2, -1, [1, 2] 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, [4], 5, 7 19 39,098 20 40,08 21 44,96 22 47,90 23 50,94 24 51,996 25 54,94 26 55,85 27 58,93 28 58,71 29 63,54 30 65,38 31 69,72 32 72,64 33 74,92 34 78,96 35 79,91 36 83,80 K 0,82 Ca 1,00 Sc 1,36 Ti 1,54 V 1,63 Cr 1,66 Mn 1,55 Fe 1,83 Co 1,88 Ni 1,91 Cu 1,90 Zn 1,65 Ga 1,81 Ge 2,01 As 2,18 Se 2,55 Br 2,96 Kr 3,00 4 Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton [Ar]4s1 [Ar]4s2 [Ar]3d14s2 [Ar]3d24s2 [Ar]3d34s2 [Ar]3d54s1 [Ar]3d54s2 [Ar]3d64s2 [Ar]3d74s2 [Ar]3d84s2 [Ar]3d104s1 [Ar]3d104s2 [Ar]3d104s24p1 [Ar]3d104s24p2 [Ar]3d104s24p3 [Ar]3d104s24p4 [Ar]3d104s24p5 [Ar]3d104s24p6 1 2 3 2, 3, 4 2, [3], 4, 5 2, 3, 4, 6 2, 3, 4, [5], 6, 7 2, 3, [4, 5, 6] 2, [3], [4] 2, [3], [4] 1, 2 2 3 2, 4 -3, 3, 5 -2, 4, 6 -1, 1, [3], [4], 5, 7 2, 4 37 85,47 38 87,62 39 88,91 40 91,22 41 92,91 42 95,94 43 (99) 44 101,07 45 102,91 46 106,40 47 107,87 48 112,41 49 114,82 50 118,69 51 121,75 52 127,60 53 126,90 54 131,30 Rb 0,82 Sr 0,95 Y 1,22 Zr 1,33 Nb 1,60 Mo 2,16 Tc 1,90 Ru 2,20 Rh 2,28 Pd 2,20 Ag 1,93 Cd 1,69 In 1,78 Sn 1,96 Sb 2,05 Te 2,10 I 2,66 Xe 2, 60 5 Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Paladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon [Kr]5s1 [Kr]5s2 [Kr]4d15s2 [Kr]4d25s2 [Kr]4d45s1 [Kr]4d55s1 [Kr]4d55s2 [Kr]4d75s1 [Kr]4d85s1 [Kr]4d105s0 [Kr]4d105s1 [Kr]4d105s2 [Kr]4d105s25p1 [Kr]4d105s25p2 [Kr]4d105s25p3 [Kr]4d105s25p4 [Kr]4d105s25p5 [Kr]4d105s25p6 1 2 3 [2], [3], 4 [2], [3], [4], 5 2, 3, 4, [5], 6 3, 4, [5], [6], 7 2, 3, 4, [5, 6], 8 2, 3, 4 2, [3], 4 1, [2] 2 1, 3 2, 4 -3, 3, [4], 5 -2, [2], 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, 5, 7 2, 4, 6 55 132,91 56 137,31 72 178,49 73 180,95 74 183,85 75 186,20 76 190,20 77 192,20 78 195,09 79 196,97 80 200,59 81 204,37 82 207,20 83 208,98 84 (209) 85 (210) 86 (222) 57 – 71 Cs 0,79 Ba 0,89 Hf 1,30 Ta 1,50 W 2,36 Re 1,90 Os 2,20 Ir 2,20 Pt 2,28 Au 2,54 Hg 2,00 Tl 1,80 Pb 1,80 Bi 1,90 Po 2,00 At 2,20 Rn 6 Caesium Barium Lanthanides Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon [Xe]6s1 [Xe]6s2 [Xe]4f145d26s2 [Xe]4f145d36s2 [Xe]4f145d46s2 [Xe]4f145d56s2 [Xe]4f145d66s2 [Xe]4f145d76s2 [Xe]4f145d96s1 [Xe]4f145d106s1 [Xe]4f145d106s2 [Xe]4f145d106s26p1 [Xe]4f145d106s26p2 [Xe]4f145d106s26p3 [Xe]4f145d106s26p4 [Xe]4f145d106s26p5 [Xe]4f145d106s26p6 1 2 [2], [3], 4 [2], [3], [4], 5 2, [3], [4], [5], 6 [2], 3, 4, [5], [6], 7 2, 3, 4, [6], 8 2, 3, 4, [6] 2, [3], 4, [6] 1, 3 1, 3 1, 3 2, 4 3, 5 -2, 2, 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, 5, 7 [4] 87 (223) 88 (226) 104 (267)* 105 (268)* 106 (269)* 107 (270)* 108 (277)* 109 (278)* 110 (281)* 111 (282)* 112 (285)* 113 (286)* 114 (289)* 115 (290)* 116 (293)* 117 (294)* 118 (294)* 89 – 103 Fr 0,70 Ra 0,90 Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og 7 Francium Radium Actinides Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessium Oganesson [Rn]7s1 [Rn]7s2 [Rn]5f146d27s2 [Rn]5f146d37s2 [Rn]5f146d47s2 [Rn]5f146d57s2 [Rn]5f146d67s2 [Rn]5f146d77s2 [Rn]5f146d87s2 [Rn]5f146d97s2 [Rn]5f146d107s2 [Rn]5f146d107s27p1 [Rn]5f146d107s27p2 [Rn]5f146d107s27p3 [Rn]5f146d107s27p4 [Rn]5f146d107s27p5 [Rn]5f146d107s27p6 1 2 Các nguyên tố s Các nguyên tố d Các nguyên tố p Các nguyên tố f Kim Phi loại kim 57 138,91 58 140,12 59 140,91 60 144,24 61 (147) 62 150,35 63 151,96 64 157,25 65 158,93 66 162,50 67 164,93 68 167,26 69 168,93 70 173,04 71 174,97 La 1,10 Ce 1,12 Pr 1,13 Nd 1,14 Pm 1,13 Sm 1,17 Eu 1,20 Gd 1,20 Tb 1,10 Dy 1,22 Ho 1,23 Er 1,24 Tm 1,25 Yb 1,10 Lu 1,27
- Lưu ý: Số oxi hóa Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Homium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium [Xe]5d16s2 [Xe]4f25d06s2 [Xe]4f35d06s2 [Xe]4f45d06s2 [Xe]4f55d06s2 [Xe]4f65d06s2 [Xe]4f75d06s2 [Xe]4f75d16s2 [Xe]4f95d06s2 [Xe]4f105d06s2 [Xe]4f115d06s2 [Xe]4f125d06s2 [Xe]4f135d06s2 [Xe]4f145d06s2 [Xe]4f145d16s2 dương trong bảng 3 3, 4 3, 4 [2], 3, 4 3 2, 3 2, 3 3 3, 4 3, 4 3 3 (2), 3 2, 3 3
tuần hoàn không kèm 89 (227) 90 232,04 91 231,04 92 238,03 93 (237) 94 (244) 95 (243) 96 (247) 97 (247) 98 (251) 99 (252) 100 (257) 101 (258) 102 (259) 103 (266) thêm dấu Ac 1,10 Th 1,30 Pa 1,50 U 1,38 Np 1,36 Pu 1,28 Am 1,13 Cm 1,28 Bk 2,20 Cf 1,30 Es 1,30 Fm 1,30 Md 1,30 No 1,30 Lr Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Califormium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium
- (*): Đồng vị bền [Rn]6d17s2 [Rn]5f06d27s2 [Rn]5f26d17s2 [Rn]5f36d17s2 [Rn]5f46d17s2 [Rn]5f66d07s2 [Rn]5f76d07s2 [Rn]5f76d17s2 [Rn]5f96d07s2 [Rn]5f106d07s2 [Rn]5f116d07s2 [Rn]5f126d07s2 [Rn]5f136d07s2 [Rn]5f146d07s2 [Rn]5f146d17s2 3 4 4, 5 [3], 4, [5], 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 3 3, 4 3 3 3 2, 3 2, 3 3
BẢNG TUẦN HOÀN CÁC NGUYÊN TỐ HÓA (IA) HỌC
Design: ThS. Nguyễn (VIIIA) (1) Phú Hoạt (18) 1 1,008 8 15,999 2 4,003 H 2,20 He 1 Hydrogen (IIA) (IIIA) (IVA) (VA) (VIA) (VIIA) Helium O 3,44 1s1 1s2 (2) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) -1, 1 3 6,94 4 9,01 5 10,81 6 12,01 7 14,007 8 15,999 9 18,998 10 20,18 Oxygen Li 0,98 Be 1,57 B 2,04 C 2,55 N 3,04 O 3,44 F 3,98 Ne 2 Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon 1s22s22p4 1s22s1 1s22s2 1s22s22p1 1s22s22p2 1s22s22p3 AUD A I UD O I O O 1s22s22p4 1s22s22p5 1s22s22p6 1 2 3 -4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4 -3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 -2,-1, [-1/2,-1/3,1],2 -1 -2,-1, [-1/2,-1/3,1],2 11 22,989 12 24,31 13 26,98 14 28,09 15 30,97 16 32,06 17 35,45 18 39,95 Na 0,93 Mg 1,31 Al 1,61 Si 1,90 P 2,19 S 2,58 Cl 3,16 Ar 3 Sodium Magnesium (IIIB) (IVB) (VB) (VIB) (VIIB) (VIIIB) (VIIIB) (VIIIB) (IB) (IIB) Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon [Ne]3s1 [Ne]3s2 [Ne]3s23p1 [Ne]3s23p2 [Ne]3s23p3 [Ne]3s23p4 [Ne]3s23p5 [Ne]3s23p6 (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 1 2 3 4 -3, [1], 3, [4], 5 -2, -1, [1, 2] 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, [4], 5, 7 19 39,098 20 40,08 21 44,96 22 47,90 23 50,94 24 51,996 25 54,94 26 55,85 27 58,93 28 58,71 29 63,54 30 65,38 31 69,72 32 72,64 33 74,92 34 78,96 35 79,91 36 83,80 K 0,82 Ca 1,00 Sc 1,36 Ti 1,54 V 1,63 Cr 1,66 Mn 1,55 Fe 1,83 Co 1,88 Ni 1,91 Cu 1,90 Zn 1,65 Ga 1,81 Ge 2,01 As 2,18 Se 2,55 Br 2,96 Kr 3,00 4 Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton [Ar]4s1 [Ar]4s2 [Ar]3d14s2 [Ar]3d24s2 [Ar]3d34s2 [Ar]3d54s1 [Ar]3d54s2 [Ar]3d64s2 [Ar]3d74s2 [Ar]3d84s2 [Ar]3d104s1 [Ar]3d104s2 [Ar]3d104s24p1 [Ar]3d104s24p2 [Ar]3d104s24p3 [Ar]3d104s24p4 [Ar]3d104s24p5 [Ar]3d104s24p6 1 2 3 2, 3, 4 2, [3], 4, 5 2, 3, 4, 6 2, 3, 4, [5], 6, 7 2, 3, [4, 5, 6] 2, [3], [4] 2, [3], [4] 1, 2 2 3 2, 4 -3, 3, 5 -2, 4, 6 -1, 1, [3], [4], 5, 7 2, 4 37 85,47 38 87,62 39 88,91 40 91,22 41 92,91 42 95,94 43 (99) 44 101,07 45 102,91 46 106,40 47 107,87 48 112,41 49 114,82 50 118,69 51 121,75 52 127,60 53 126,90 54 131,30 Rb 0,82 Sr 0,95 Y 1,22 Zr 1,33 Nb 1,60 Mo 2,16 Tc 1,90 Ru 2,20 Rh 2,28 Pd 2,20 Ag 1,93 Cd 1,69 In 1,78 Sn 1,96 Sb 2,05 Te 2,10 I 2,66 Xe 2, 60 5 Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Paladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon [Kr]5s1 [Kr]5s2 [Kr]4d15s2 [Kr]4d25s2 [Kr]4d45s1 [Kr]4d55s1 [Kr]4d55s2 [Kr]4d75s1 [Kr]4d85s1 [Kr]4d105s0 [Kr]4d105s1 [Kr]4d105s2 [Kr]4d105s25p1 [Kr]4d105s25p2 [Kr]4d105s25p3 [Kr]4d105s25p4 [Kr]4d105s25p5 [Kr]4d105s25p6 1 2 3 [2], [3], 4 [2], [3], [4], 5 2, 3, 4, [5], 6 3, 4, [5], [6], 7 2, 3, 4, [5, 6], 8 2, 3, 4 2, [3], 4 1, [2] 2 1, 3 2, 4 -3, 3, [4], 5 -2, [2], 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, 5, 7 2, 4, 6 55 132,91 56 137,31 72 178,49 73 180,95 74 183,85 75 186,20 76 190,20 77 192,20 78 195,09 79 196,97 80 200,59 81 204,37 82 207,20 83 208,98 84 (209) 85 (210) 86 (222) Cs 57 – 71 0,79 Ba 0,89 Hf 1,30 Ta 1,50 W 2,36 Re 1,90 Os 2,20 Ir 2,20 Pt 2,28 Au 2,54 Hg 2,00 Tl 1,80 Pb 1,80 Bi 1,90 Po 2,00 At 2,20 Rn 6 Caesium Barium Lanthanides Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon [Xe]6s1 [Xe]6s2 [Xe]4f145d26s2 [Xe]4f145d36s2 [Xe]4f145d46s2 [Xe]4f145d56s2 [Xe]4f145d66s2 [Xe]4f145d76s2 [Xe]4f145d96s1 [Xe]4f145d106s1 [Xe]4f145d106s2 [Xe]4f145d106s26p1 [Xe]4f145d106s26p2 [Xe]4f145d106s26p3 [Xe]4f145d106s26p4 [Xe]4f145d106s26p5 [Xe]4f145d106s26p6 1 2 [2], [3], 4 [2], [3], [4], 5 2, [3], [4], [5], 6 [2], 3, 4, [5], [6], 7 2, 3, 4, [6], 8 2, 3, 4, [6] 2, [3], 4, [6] 1, 3 1, 3 1, 3 2, 4 3, 5 -2, 2, 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, 5, 7 [4] 87 (223) 88 (226) 104 (267)* 105 (268)* 106 (269)* 107 (270)* 108 (277)* 109 (278)* 110 (281)* 111 (282)* 112 (285)* 113 (286)* 114 (289)* 115 (290)* 116 (293)* 117 (294)* 118 (294)* Fr 89 – 103 0,70 Ra 0,90 Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og 7 Francium Radium Actinides Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessium Oganesson [Rn]7s1 [Rn]7s2 [Rn]5f146d27s2 [Rn]5f146d37s2 [Rn]5f146d47s2 [Rn]5f146d57s2 [Rn]5f146d67s2 [Rn]5f146d77s2 [Rn]5f146d87s2 [Rn]5f146d97s2 [Rn]5f146d107s2 [Rn]5f146d107s27p1 [Rn]5f146d107s27p2 [Rn]5f146d107s27p3 [Rn]5f146d107s27p4 [Rn]5f146d107s27p5 [Rn]5f146d107s27p6 1 2 Các nguyên tố s Các nguyên tố d Các nguyên tố p Các nguyên tố f Kim Phi loại kim 57 138,91 58 140,12 59 140,91 60 144,24 61 (147) 62 150,35 63 151,96 64 157,25 65 158,93 66 162,50 67 164,93 68 167,26 69 168,93 70 173,04 71 174,97 La 1,10 Ce 1,12 Pr 1,13 Nd 1,14 Pm 1,13 Sm 1,17 Eu 1,20 Gd 1,20 Tb 1,10 Dy 1,22 Ho 1,23 Er 1,24 Tm 1,25 Yb 1,10 Lu 1,27
- Lưu ý: Số oxi hóa Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Homium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium [Xe]5d16s2 [Xe]4f25d06s2 [Xe]4f35d06s2 [Xe]4f45d06s2 [Xe]4f55d06s2 [Xe]4f65d06s2 [Xe]4f75d06s2 [Xe]4f75d16s2 [Xe]4f95d06s2 [Xe]4f105d06s2 [Xe]4f115d06s2 [Xe]4f125d06s2 [Xe]4f135d06s2 [Xe]4f145d06s2 [Xe]4f145d16s2 dương trong bảng 3 3, 4 3, 4 [2], 3, 4 3 2, 3 2, 3 3 3, 4 3, 4 3 3 (2), 3 2, 3 3
tuần hoàn không kèm 89 (227) 90 232,04 91 231,04 92 238,03 93 (237) 94 (244) 95 (243) 96 (247) 97 (247) 98 (251) 99 (252) 100 (257) 101 (258) 102 (259) 103 (266) thêm dấu Ac 1,10 Th 1,30 Pa 1,50 U 1,38 Np 1,36 Pu 1,28 Am 1,13 Cm 1,28 Bk 2,20 Cf 1,30 Es 1,30 Fm 1,30 Md 1,30 No 1,30 Lr Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Califormium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium
- (*): Đồng vị bền [Rn]6d17s2 [Rn]5f06d27s2 [Rn]5f26d17s2 [Rn]5f36d17s2 [Rn]5f46d17s2 [Rn]5f66d07s2 [Rn]5f76d07s2 [Rn]5f76d17s2 [Rn]5f96d07s2 [Rn]5f106d07s2 [Rn]5f116d07s2 [Rn]5f126d07s2 [Rn]5f136d07s2 [Rn]5f146d07s2 [Rn]5f146d17s2 3 4 4, 5 [3], 4, [5], 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 3 3, 4 3 3 3 2, 3 2, 3 3
BẢNG TUẦN HOÀN CÁC NGUYÊN TỐ HÓA (IA) HỌC
Design: ThS. Nguyễn (VIIIA) (1) Phú Hoạt (18) 1 1,008 12 24,31 2 4,003 H 2,20 He 1 Hydrogen (IIA) (IIIA) (IVA) (VA) (VIA) (VIIA) Helium Mg 1,31 1s1 1s2 (2) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) -1, 1 3 6,94 4 9,01 5 10,81 6 12,01 7 14,007 8 15,999 9 18,998 10 20,18 Magnesium Li 0,98 Be 1,57 B 2,04 C 2,55 N 3,04 O 3,44 F 3,98 Ne 2 Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon [Ne]3s2 1s22s1 1s22s2 AUD A I UD O I 1s22s22p1 1s22s22p2 1s22s22p3 1s22s22p4 1s22s22p5 1s22s22p6 1 2 3 -4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4 -3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 -2,-1, [-1/2,-1/3,1],2 -1 2 11 22,989 12 24,31 Mg 1,31 Mg M 13 26,98 14 28,09 15 30,97 16 32,06 17 35,45 18 39,95 Na 0,93 Al 1,61 Si 1,90 P 2,19 S 2,58 Cl 3,16 Ar 3 Sodium Magnesium (IIIB) (IVB) (VB) (VIB) (VIIB) (VIIIB) (VIIIB) (VIIIB) (IB) (IIB) Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon [Ne]3s1 [Ne]3s2 [Ne]3s23p1 [Ne]3s23p2 [Ne]3s23p3 [Ne]3s23p4 [Ne]3s23p5 [Ne]3s23p6 (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 1 2 3 4 -3, [1], 3, [4], 5 -2, -1, [1, 2] 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, [4], 5, 7 19 39,098 20 40,08 21 44,96 22 47,90 23 50,94 24 51,996 25 54,94 26 55,85 27 58,93 28 58,71 29 63,54 30 65,38 31 69,72 32 72,64 33 74,92 34 78,96 35 79,91 36 83,80 K 0,82 Ca 1,00 Sc 1,36 Ti 1,54 V 1,63 Cr 1,66 Mn 1,55 Fe 1,83 Co 1,88 Ni 1,91 Cu 1,90 Zn 1,65 Ga 1,81 Ge 2,01 As 2,18 Se 2,55 Br 2,96 Kr 3,00 4 Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton [Ar]4s1 [Ar]4s2 [Ar]3d14s2 [Ar]3d24s2 [Ar]3d34s2 [Ar]3d54s1 [Ar]3d54s2 [Ar]3d64s2 [Ar]3d74s2 [Ar]3d84s2 [Ar]3d104s1 [Ar]3d104s2 [Ar]3d104s24p1 [Ar]3d104s24p2 [Ar]3d104s24p3 [Ar]3d104s24p4 [Ar]3d104s24p5 [Ar]3d104s24p6 1 2 3 2, 3, 4 2, [3], 4, 5 2, 3, 4, 6 2, 3, 4, [5], 6, 7 2, 3, [4, 5, 6] 2, [3], [4] 2, [3], [4] 1, 2 2 3 2, 4 -3, 3, 5 -2, 4, 6 -1, 1, [3], [4], 5, 7 2, 4 37 85,47 38 87,62 39 88,91 40 91,22 41 92,91 42 95,94 43 (99) 44 101,07 45 102,91 46 106,40 47 107,87 48 112,41 49 114,82 50 118,69 51 121,75 52 127,60 53 126,90 54 131,30 Rb 0,82 Sr 0,95 Y 1,22 Zr 1,33 Nb 1,60 Mo 2,16 Tc 1,90 Ru 2,20 Rh 2,28 Pd 2,20 Ag 1,93 Cd 1,69 In 1,78 Sn 1,96 Sb 2,05 Te 2,10 I 2,66 Xe 2, 60 5 Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Paladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon [Kr]5s1 [Kr]5s2 [Kr]4d15s2 [Kr]4d25s2 [Kr]4d45s1 [Kr]4d55s1 [Kr]4d55s2 [Kr]4d75s1 [Kr]4d85s1 [Kr]4d105s0 [Kr]4d105s1 [Kr]4d105s2 [Kr]4d105s25p1 [Kr]4d105s25p2 [Kr]4d105s25p3 [Kr]4d105s25p4 [Kr]4d105s25p5 [Kr]4d105s25p6 1 2 3 [2], [3], 4 [2], [3], [4], 5 2, 3, 4, [5], 6 3, 4, [5], [6], 7 2, 3, 4, [5, 6], 8 2, 3, 4 2, [3], 4 1, [2] 2 1, 3 2, 4 -3, 3, [4], 5 -2, [2], 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, 5, 7 2, 4, 6 55 132,91 56 137,31 72 178,49 73 180,95 74 183,85 75 186,20 76 190,20 77 192,20 78 195,09 79 196,97 80 200,59 81 204,37 82 207,20 83 208,98 84 (209) 85 (210) 86 (222) Cs 57 – 71 0,79 Ba 0,89 Hf 1,30 Ta 1,50 W 2,36 Re 1,90 Os 2,20 Ir 2,20 Pt 2,28 Au 2,54 Hg 2,00 Tl 1,80 Pb 1,80 Bi 1,90 Po 2,00 At 2,20 Rn 6 Caesium Barium Lanthanides Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon [Xe]6s1 [Xe]6s2 [Xe]4f145d26s2 [Xe]4f145d36s2 [Xe]4f145d46s2 [Xe]4f145d56s2 [Xe]4f145d66s2 [Xe]4f145d76s2 [Xe]4f145d96s1 [Xe]4f145d106s1 [Xe]4f145d106s2 [Xe]4f145d106s26p1 [Xe]4f145d106s26p2 [Xe]4f145d106s26p3 [Xe]4f145d106s26p4 [Xe]4f145d106s26p5 [Xe]4f145d106s26p6 1 2 [2], [3], 4 [2], [3], [4], 5 2, [3], [4], [5], 6 [2], 3, 4, [5], [6], 7 2, 3, 4, [6], 8 2, 3, 4, [6] 2, [3], 4, [6] 1, 3 1, 3 1, 3 2, 4 3, 5 -2, 2, 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, 5, 7 [4] 87 (223) 88 (226) 104 (267)* 105 (268)* 106 (269)* 107 (270)* 108 (277)* 109 (278)* 110 (281)* 111 (282)* 112 (285)* 113 (286)* 114 (289)* 115 (290)* 116 (293)* 117 (294)* 118 (294)* Fr 89 – 103 0,70 Ra 0,90 Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og 7 Francium Radium Actinides Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessium Oganesson [Rn]7s1 [Rn]7s2 [Rn]5f146d27s2 [Rn]5f146d37s2 [Rn]5f146d47s2 [Rn]5f146d57s2 [Rn]5f146d67s2 [Rn]5f146d77s2 [Rn]5f146d87s2 [Rn]5f146d97s2 [Rn]5f146d107s2 [Rn]5f146d107s27p1 [Rn]5f146d107s27p2 [Rn]5f146d107s27p3 [Rn]5f146d107s27p4 [Rn]5f146d107s27p5 [Rn]5f146d107s27p6 1 2 Các nguyên tố s Các nguyên tố d Các nguyên tố p Các nguyên tố f Kim Phi loại kim 57 138,91 58 140,12 59 140,91 60 144,24 61 (147) 62 150,35 63 151,96 64 157,25 65 158,93 66 162,50 67 164,93 68 167,26 69 168,93 70 173,04 71 174,97 La 1,10 Ce 1,12 Pr 1,13 Nd 1,14 Pm 1,13 Sm 1,17 Eu 1,20 Gd 1,20 Tb 1,10 Dy 1,22 Ho 1,23 Er 1,24 Tm 1,25 Yb 1,10 Lu 1,27
- Lưu ý: Số oxi hóa Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Homium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium [Xe]5d16s2 [Xe]4f25d06s2 [Xe]4f35d06s2 [Xe]4f45d06s2 [Xe]4f55d06s2 [Xe]4f65d06s2 [Xe]4f75d06s2 [Xe]4f75d16s2 [Xe]4f95d06s2 [Xe]4f105d06s2 [Xe]4f115d06s2 [Xe]4f125d06s2 [Xe]4f135d06s2 [Xe]4f145d06s2 [Xe]4f145d16s2 dương trong bảng 3 3, 4 3, 4 [2], 3, 4 3 2, 3 2, 3 3 3, 4 3, 4 3 3 (2), 3 2, 3 3
tuần hoàn không kèm 89 (227) 90 232,04 91 231,04 92 238,03 93 (237) 94 (244) 95 (243) 96 (247) 97 (247) 98 (251) 99 (252) 100 (257) 101 (258) 102 (259) 103 (266) thêm dấu Ac 1,10 Th 1,30 Pa 1,50 U 1,38 Np 1,36 Pu 1,28 Am 1,13 Cm 1,28 Bk 2,20 Cf 1,30 Es 1,30 Fm 1,30 Md 1,30 No 1,30 Lr Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Califormium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium
- (*): Đồng vị bền [Rn]6d17s2 [Rn]5f06d27s2 [Rn]5f26d17s2 [Rn]5f36d17s2 [Rn]5f46d17s2 [Rn]5f66d07s2 [Rn]5f76d07s2 [Rn]5f76d17s2 [Rn]5f96d07s2 [Rn]5f106d07s2 [Rn]5f116d07s2 [Rn]5f126d07s2 [Rn]5f136d07s2 [Rn]5f146d07s2 [Rn]5f146d17s2 3 4 4, 5 [3], 4, [5], 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 3 3, 4 3 3 3 2, 3 2, 3 3
BẢNG TUẦN HOÀN CÁC NGUYÊN TỐ HÓA (IA) HỌC
Design: ThS. Nguyễn (VIIIA) (1) Phú Hoạt (18) 1 1,008 17 35,45 2 4,003 H 2,20 He 1 Hydrogen (IIA) (IIIA) (IVA) (VA) (VIA) (VIIA) Helium Cl 3,16 1s1 1s2 (2) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) -1, 1 3 6,94 4 9,01 5 10,81 6 12,01 7 14,007 8 15,999 9 18,998 10 20,18 Chlorine Li 0,98 Be 1,57 B 2,04 C 2,55 N 3,04 O 3,44 F 3,98 Ne 2 Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon [Ne]3s23p5 1s22s1 1s22s2 1s22s22p1 1s22s22p2 1s22s22p3 AUD A I UD O I 1s22s22p4 1s22s22p5 1s22s22p6 1 2 3 -4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4 -3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 -2,-1, [-1/2,-1/3,1],2 -1 -1, 1, 3, [4], 5, 7 11 22,989 12 24,31 13 26,98 14 28,09 15 30,97 16 32,06 Cl 17 35,45 18 39,95 Na 0,93 Mg 1,31 Al 1,61 Si 1,90 P 2,19 S 2,58 Cl 3,16 Ar 3 Sodium Magnesium (IIIB) (IVB) (VB) (VIB) (VIIB) (VIIIB) (VIIIB) (VIIIB) (IB) (IIB) Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon [Ne]3s1 [Ne]3s2 [Ne]3s23p1 [Ne]3s23p2 [Ne]3s23p3 [Ne]3s23p4 [Ne]3s23p5 [Ne]3s23p6 (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 1 2 3 4 -3, [1], 3, [4], 5 -2, -1, [1, 2] 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, [4], 5, 7 19 39,098 20 40,08 21 44,96 22 47,90 23 50,94 24 51,996 25 54,94 26 55,85 27 58,93 28 58,71 29 63,54 30 65,38 31 69,72 32 72,64 33 74,92 34 78,96 35 79,91 36 83,80 K 0,82 Ca 1,00 Sc 1,36 Ti 1,54 V 1,63 Cr 1,66 Mn 1,55 Fe 1,83 Co 1,88 Ni 1,91 Cu 1,90 Zn 1,65 Ga 1,81 Ge 2,01 As 2,18 Se 2,55 Br 2,96 Kr 3,00 4 Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton [Ar]4s1 [Ar]4s2 [Ar]3d14s2 [Ar]3d24s2 [Ar]3d34s2 [Ar]3d54s1 [Ar]3d54s2 [Ar]3d64s2 [Ar]3d74s2 [Ar]3d84s2 [Ar]3d104s1 [Ar]3d104s2 [Ar]3d104s24p1 [Ar]3d104s24p2 [Ar]3d104s24p3 [Ar]3d104s24p4 [Ar]3d104s24p5 [Ar]3d104s24p6 1 2 3 2, 3, 4 2, [3], 4, 5 2, 3, 4, 6 2, 3, 4, [5], 6, 7 2, 3, [4, 5, 6] 2, [3], [4] 2, [3], [4] 1, 2 2 3 2, 4 -3, 3, 5 -2, 4, 6 -1, 1, [3], [4], 5, 7 2, 4 37 85,47 38 87,62 39 88,91 40 91,22 41 92,91 42 95,94 43 (99) 44 101,07 45 102,91 46 106,40 47 107,87 48 112,41 49 114,82 50 118,69 51 121,75 52 127,60 53 126,90 54 131,30 Rb 0,82 Sr 0,95 Y 1,22 Zr 1,33 Nb 1,60 Mo 2,16 Tc 1,90 Ru 2,20 Rh 2,28 Pd 2,20 Ag 1,93 Cd 1,69 In 1,78 Sn 1,96 Sb 2,05 Te 2,10 I 2,66 Xe 2, 60 5 Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Paladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon [Kr]5s1 [Kr]5s2 [Kr]4d15s2 [Kr]4d25s2 [Kr]4d45s1 [Kr]4d55s1 [Kr]4d55s2 [Kr]4d75s1 [Kr]4d85s1 [Kr]4d105s0 [Kr]4d105s1 [Kr]4d105s2 [Kr]4d105s25p1 [Kr]4d105s25p2 [Kr]4d105s25p3 [Kr]4d105s25p4 [Kr]4d105s25p5 [Kr]4d105s25p6 1 2 3 [2], [3], 4 [2], [3], [4], 5 2, 3, 4, [5], 6 3, 4, [5], [6], 7 2, 3, 4, [5, 6], 8 2, 3, 4 2, [3], 4 1, [2] 2 1, 3 2, 4 -3, 3, [4], 5 -2, [2], 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, 5, 7 2, 4, 6 55 132,91 56 137,31 72 178,49 73 180,95 74 183,85 75 186,20 76 190,20 77 192,20 78 195,09 79 196,97 80 200,59 81 204,37 82 207,20 83 208,98 84 (209) 85 (210) 86 (222) Cs 57 – 71 0,79 Ba 0,89 Hf 1,30 Ta 1,50 W 2,36 Re 1,90 Os 2,20 Ir 2,20 Pt 2,28 Au 2,54 Hg 2,00 Tl 1,80 Pb 1,80 Bi 1,90 Po 2,00 At 2,20 Rn 6 Caesium Barium Lanthanides Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon [Xe]6s1 [Xe]6s2 [Xe]4f145d26s2 [Xe]4f145d36s2 [Xe]4f145d46s2 [Xe]4f145d56s2 [Xe]4f145d66s2 [Xe]4f145d76s2 [Xe]4f145d96s1 [Xe]4f145d106s1 [Xe]4f145d106s2 [Xe]4f145d106s26p1 [Xe]4f145d106s26p2 [Xe]4f145d106s26p3 [Xe]4f145d106s26p4 [Xe]4f145d106s26p5 [Xe]4f145d106s26p6 1 2 [2], [3], 4 [2], [3], [4], 5 2, [3], [4], [5], 6 [2], 3, 4, [5], [6], 7 2, 3, 4, [6], 8 2, 3, 4, [6] 2, [3], 4, [6] 1, 3 1, 3 1, 3 2, 4 3, 5 -2, 2, 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, 5, 7 [4] 87 (223) 88 (226) 104 (267)* 105 (268)* 106 (269)* 107 (270)* 108 (277)* 109 (278)* 110 (281)* 111 (282)* 112 (285)* 113 (286)* 114 (289)* 115 (290)* 116 (293)* 117 (294)* 118 (294)* Fr 89 – 103 0,70 Ra 0,90 Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og 7 Francium Radium Actinides Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessium Oganesson [Rn]7s1 [Rn]7s2 [Rn]5f146d27s2 [Rn]5f146d37s2 [Rn]5f146d47s2 [Rn]5f146d57s2 [Rn]5f146d67s2 [Rn]5f146d77s2 [Rn]5f146d87s2 [Rn]5f146d97s2 [Rn]5f146d107s2 [Rn]5f146d107s27p1 [Rn]5f146d107s27p2 [Rn]5f146d107s27p3 [Rn]5f146d107s27p4 [Rn]5f146d107s27p5 [Rn]5f146d107s27p6 1 2 Các nguyên tố s Các nguyên tố d Các nguyên tố p Các nguyên tố f Kim Phi loại kim 57 138,91 58 140,12 59 140,91 60 144,24 61 (147) 62 150,35 63 151,96 64 157,25 65 158,93 66 162,50 67 164,93 68 167,26 69 168,93 70 173,04 71 174,97 La 1,10 Ce 1,12 Pr 1,13 Nd 1,14 Pm 1,13 Sm 1,17 Eu 1,20 Gd 1,20 Tb 1,10 Dy 1,22 Ho 1,23 Er 1,24 Tm 1,25 Yb 1,10 Lu 1,27
- Lưu ý: Số oxi hóa Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Homium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium [Xe]5d16s2 [Xe]4f25d06s2 [Xe]4f35d06s2 [Xe]4f45d06s2 [Xe]4f55d06s2 [Xe]4f65d06s2 [Xe]4f75d06s2 [Xe]4f75d16s2 [Xe]4f95d06s2 [Xe]4f105d06s2 [Xe]4f115d06s2 [Xe]4f125d06s2 [Xe]4f135d06s2 [Xe]4f145d06s2 [Xe]4f145d16s2 dương trong bảng 3 3, 4 3, 4 [2], 3, 4 3 2, 3 2, 3 3 3, 4 3, 4 3 3 (2), 3 2, 3 3
tuần hoàn không kèm 89 (227) 90 232,04 91 231,04 92 238,03 93 (237) 94 (244) 95 (243) 96 (247) 97 (247) 98 (251) 99 (252) 100 (257) 101 (258) 102 (259) 103 (266) thêm dấu Ac 1,10 Th 1,30 Pa 1,50 U 1,38 Np 1,36 Pu 1,28 Am 1,13 Cm 1,28 Bk 2,20 Cf 1,30 Es 1,30 Fm 1,30 Md 1,30 No 1,30 Lr Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Califormium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium
- (*): Đồng vị bền [Rn]6d17s2 [Rn]5f06d27s2 [Rn]5f26d17s2 [Rn]5f36d17s2 [Rn]5f46d17s2 [Rn]5f66d07s2 [Rn]5f76d07s2 [Rn]5f76d17s2 [Rn]5f96d07s2 [Rn]5f106d07s2 [Rn]5f116d07s2 [Rn]5f126d07s2 [Rn]5f136d07s2 [Rn]5f146d07s2 [Rn]5f146d17s2 3 4 4, 5 [3], 4, [5], 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 3 3, 4 3 3 3 2, 3 2, 3 3
BẢNG TUẦN HOÀN CÁC NGUYÊN TỐ HÓA (IA) HỌC
Design: ThS. Nguyễn (VIIIA) (1) Phú Hoạt (18) 1 1,008 18 39,95 2 4,003 H 2,20 He 1 Hydrogen (IIA) (IIIA) (IVA) (VA) (VIA) (VIIA) Helium Ar 1s1 1s2 (2) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) -1, 1 3 6,94 4 9,01 5 10,81 6 12,01 7 14,007 8 15,999 9 18,998 10 20,18 Argon Li 0,98 Be 1,57 B 2,04 C 2,55 N 3,04 O 3,44 F 3,98 Ne 2 Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon [Ne]3s23p6 1s22s1 1s22s2 1s22s22p1 1s22s22p2 1s22s22p3 AUD A I UD O I 1s22s22p4 1s22s22p5 1s22s22p6 1 2 3 -4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4 -3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 -2,-1, [-1/2,-1/3,1],2 -1 11 22,989 12 24,31 13 26,98 14 28,09 15 30,97 16 32,06 Ar 17 35,45 18 39,95 Na 0,93 Mg 1,31 Al 1,61 Si 1,90 P 2,19 S 2,58 Cl 3,16 Ar 3 Sodium Magnesium (IIIB) (IVB) (VB) (VIB) (VIIB) (VIIIB) (VIIIB) (VIIIB) (IB) (IIB) Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon [Ne]3s1 [Ne]3s2 [Ne]3s23p1 [Ne]3s23p2 [Ne]3s23p3 [Ne]3s23p4 [Ne]3s23p5 (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) [Ne]3s23p6 1 2 3 4 -3, [1], 3, [4], 5 -2, -1, [1, 2] 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, [4], 5, 7 19 39,098 20 40,08 21 44,96 22 47,90 23 50,94 24 51,996 25 54,94 26 55,85 27 58,93 28 58,71 29 63,54 30 65,38 31 69,72 32 72,64 33 74,92 34 78,96 35 79,91 36 83,80 K 0,82 Ca 1,00 Sc 1,36 Ti 1,54 V 1,63 Cr 1,66 Mn 1,55 Fe 1,83 Co 1,88 Ni 1,91 Cu 1,90 Zn 1,65 Ga 1,81 Ge 2,01 As 2,18 Se 2,55 Br 2,96 Kr 3,00 4 Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton [Ar]4s1 [Ar]4s2 [Ar]3d14s2 [Ar]3d24s2 [Ar]3d34s2 [Ar]3d54s1 [Ar]3d54s2 [Ar]3d64s2 [Ar]3d74s2 [Ar]3d84s2 [Ar]3d104s1 [Ar]3d104s2 [Ar]3d104s24p1 [Ar]3d104s24p2 [Ar]3d104s24p3 [Ar]3d104s24p4 [Ar]3d104s24p5 [Ar]3d104s24p6 1 2 3 2, 3, 4 2, [3], 4, 5 2, 3, 4, 6 2, 3, 4, [5], 6, 7 2, 3, [4, 5, 6] 2, [3], [4] 2, [3], [4] 1, 2 2 3 2, 4 -3, 3, 5 -2, 4, 6 -1, 1, [3], [4], 5, 7 2, 4 37 85,47 38 87,62 39 88,91 40 91,22 41 92,91 42 95,94 43 (99) 44 101,07 45 102,91 46 106,40 47 107,87 48 112,41 49 114,82 50 118,69 51 121,75 52 127,60 53 126,90 54 131,30 Rb 0,82 Sr 0,95 Y 1,22 Zr 1,33 Nb 1,60 Mo 2,16 Tc 1,90 Ru 2,20 Rh 2,28 Pd 2,20 Ag 1,93 Cd 1,69 In 1,78 Sn 1,96 Sb 2,05 Te 2,10 I 2,66 Xe 2, 60 5 Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Paladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon [Kr]5s1 [Kr]5s2 [Kr]4d15s2 [Kr]4d25s2 [Kr]4d45s1 [Kr]4d55s1 [Kr]4d55s2 [Kr]4d75s1 [Kr]4d85s1 [Kr]4d105s0 [Kr]4d105s1 [Kr]4d105s2 [Kr]4d105s25p1 [Kr]4d105s25p2 [Kr]4d105s25p3 [Kr]4d105s25p4 [Kr]4d105s25p5 [Kr]4d105s25p6 1 2 3 [2], [3], 4 [2], [3], [4], 5 2, 3, 4, [5], 6 3, 4, [5], [6], 7 2, 3, 4, [5, 6], 8 2, 3, 4 2, [3], 4 1, [2] 2 1, 3 2, 4 -3, 3, [4], 5 -2, [2], 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, 5, 7 2, 4, 6 55 132,91 56 137,31 72 178,49 73 180,95 74 183,85 75 186,20 76 190,20 77 192,20 78 195,09 79 196,97 80 200,59 81 204,37 82 207,20 83 208,98 84 (209) 85 (210) 86 (222) Cs 57 – 71 0,79 Ba 0,89 Hf 1,30 Ta 1,50 W 2,36 Re 1,90 Os 2,20 Ir 2,20 Pt 2,28 Au 2,54 Hg 2,00 Tl 1,80 Pb 1,80 Bi 1,90 Po 2,00 At 2,20 Rn 6 Caesium Barium Lanthanides Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon [Xe]6s1 [Xe]6s2 [Xe]4f145d26s2 [Xe]4f145d36s2 [Xe]4f145d46s2 [Xe]4f145d56s2 [Xe]4f145d66s2 [Xe]4f145d76s2 [Xe]4f145d96s1 [Xe]4f145d106s1 [Xe]4f145d106s2 [Xe]4f145d106s26p1 [Xe]4f145d106s26p2 [Xe]4f145d106s26p3 [Xe]4f145d106s26p4 [Xe]4f145d106s26p5 [Xe]4f145d106s26p6 1 2 [2], [3], 4 [2], [3], [4], 5 2, [3], [4], [5], 6 [2], 3, 4, [5], [6], 7 2, 3, 4, [6], 8 2, 3, 4, [6] 2, [3], 4, [6] 1, 3 1, 3 1, 3 2, 4 3, 5 -2, 2, 4, 6 -1, 1, 3, 5, 7 [4] 87 (223) 88 (226) 104 (267)* 105 (268)* 106 (269)* 107 (270)* 108 (277)* 109 (278)* 110 (281)* 111 (282)* 112 (285)* 113 (286)* 114 (289)* 115 (290)* 116 (293)* 117 (294)* 118 (294)* Fr 89 – 103 0,70 Ra 0,90 Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og 7 Francium Radium Actinides Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessium Oganesson [Rn]7s1 [Rn]7s2 [Rn]5f146d27s2 [Rn]5f146d37s2 [Rn]5f146d47s2 [Rn]5f146d57s2 [Rn]5f146d67s2 [Rn]5f146d77s2 [Rn]5f146d87s2 [Rn]5f146d97s2 [Rn]5f146d107s2 [Rn]5f146d107s27p1 [Rn]5f146d107s27p2 [Rn]5f146d107s27p3 [Rn]5f146d107s27p4 [Rn]5f146d107s27p5 [Rn]5f146d107s27p6 1 2 Các nguyên tố s Các nguyên tố d Các nguyên tố p Các nguyên tố f Kim Phi loại kim 57 138,91 58 140,12 59 140,91 60 144,24 61 (147) 62 150,35 63 151,96 64 157,25 65 158,93 66 162,50 67 164,93 68 167,26 69 168,93 70 173,04 71 174,97 La 1,10 Ce 1,12 Pr 1,13 Nd 1,14 Pm 1,13 Sm 1,17 Eu 1,20 Gd 1,20 Tb 1,10 Dy 1,22 Ho 1,23 Er 1,24 Tm 1,25 Yb 1,10 Lu 1,27
- Lưu ý: Số oxi hóa Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Homium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium [Xe]5d16s2 [Xe]4f25d06s2 [Xe]4f35d06s2 [Xe]4f45d06s2 [Xe]4f55d06s2 [Xe]4f65d06s2 [Xe]4f75d06s2 [Xe]4f75d16s2 [Xe]4f95d06s2 [Xe]4f105d06s2 [Xe]4f115d06s2 [Xe]4f125d06s2 [Xe]4f135d06s2 [Xe]4f145d06s2 [Xe]4f145d16s2 dương trong bảng 3 3, 4 3, 4 [2], 3, 4 3 2, 3 2, 3 3 3, 4 3, 4 3 3 (2), 3 2, 3 3
tuần hoàn không kèm 89 (227) 90 232,04 91 231,04 92 238,03 93 (237) 94 (244) 95 (243) 96 (247) 97 (247) 98 (251) 99 (252) 100 (257) 101 (258) 102 (259) 103 (266) thêm dấu Ac 1,10 Th 1,30 Pa 1,50 U 1,38 Np 1,36 Pu 1,28 Am 1,13 Cm 1,28 Bk 2,20 Cf 1,30 Es 1,30 Fm 1,30 Md 1,30 No 1,30 Lr Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Califormium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium
- (*): Đồng vị bền [Rn]6d17s2 [Rn]5f06d27s2 [Rn]5f26d17s2 [Rn]5f36d17s2 [Rn]5f46d17s2 [Rn]5f66d07s2 [Rn]5f76d07s2 [Rn]5f76d17s2 [Rn]5f96d07s2 [Rn]5f106d07s2 [Rn]5f116d07s2 [Rn]5f126d07s2 [Rn]5f136d07s2 [Rn]5f146d07s2 [Rn]5f146d17s2 3 4 4, 5 [3], 4, [5], 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 [3], 4, 5, 6 3 3, 4 3 3 3 2, 3 2, 3 3
PHẦN CHUNG SỨC (2 Phút)
Quan sát mô hình hạt đại diện các chất ở điều kiện thường, trả lời câu hỏi: theo a, b, c,d
(a) Neon (b)Oxygen (c) Hydrogen (d) Nước
1. Chất .... Là đơn chất hay là hợp chất?
2. Cho biết số lượng nguyên tố tạo thành, số lượng nguyên tử trong các
hạt tương ứng mỗi chất. Bài 6: LIÊN KẾT HÓA HỌC NỘI DUNG BÀI HỌC
I. Cấu trúc electron bền
vững của khí hiếm II. Liên kết ion
III. Liên kết cộng hóa trị I. CẤU TRÚC ELECTRON
BỀN VỮNG CỦA KHÍ HIẾM
Tại sao các nguyên tử khác luôn kết hợp với nhau? Ne
Trong tự nhiên, chỉ có các khí hiếm tồn tại
ở dạng đơn nguyên tử bền vững, còn
O O
nguyên tử của các nguyên tố khác thường
có xu hướng kết hợp với nhau bằng các
Na+ Cl-
liên kết hóa học. Các liên kết hóa học
được hình thành như thế nào?
Tại sao khí hiếm như neon chỉ tồn tại độc lập?
Quan sát Hình 6.1, so sánh số electron
lớp ngoài cùng của He, Ne và Ar. Nhận xét
chung về số e lớp ngoài cùng của khí hiếm (Thảo luận nhóm 5 phút) N + e 10 c. Ar a. He b. Ne A+r 18 +2
Hình 6.1. Mô hình sắp xếp e trong vỏ nguyên tử khí hiếm Lời giải
- Nguyên tử He có 2 electron ở lớp vỏ ngoài cùng
- Nguyên tử Ne có 8 electron ở lớp vỏ ngoài cùng
- Nguyên tử Ar có 8 electron ở lớp vỏ ngoài cùng
⇒ Nguyên tố He có số electron ở lớp vỏ ngoài cùng ít hơn
(Chỉ có 2 electron). Nguyên tố Ne và Ar có số electron ở lớp
vỏ ngoài cùng bằng nhau (đều bằng 8)
- Nguyên tử khí hiếm có lớp electron ngoài cùng bền vững,
khó bị biến đổi hóa học.
- Nguyên tử của các nguyên tố khác có thể đạt được lớp
electron ngoài cùng của khí hiếm bằng cách tạo thành liên kết hoá học. LUYỆN TẬP PHIẾU HỌC TẬP SỐ 2
1/ Nêu tên và kí hiệu hóa học của một số nguyên tố khí hiếm.
2/ Các nguyên tử khí hiếm có mấy lớp electron? So
sánh số electron lớp ngoài cùng của các nguyên tử khí hiếm? VẬN DỤNG PHIẾU HỌC TẬP SỐ 2
3/ Giải thích vì sao các khí hiếm tồn tại dưới dạng đơn nguyên tử bền vững?
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