Kiểm tra tiếng Anh - Đề-5 | Tiếng anh chuyên ngành 1 | Học viện Tài chính

ENGLISH WRITTEN TEST
I. CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER
1. All governments intervene through their …… policies in a bid to achieve certain policy objectives. A. economic B. microeconomic C. macroeconomic D. economical
2. Debt held by federal accounts is the debt that the federal government has borrowed… itself A. For B. To C. From D.With
3. Increasing… has led to a massive increase in the number of foreign exchange transaction in recent decades: A. International market Vôm B. Global C. Globalization pl hưng D. Economy
4. It is necessary for us to employ more workers because we… the production at the moment. A. expand B. are expanding C. have expanded D. expanded
5. Taxation has been used to increase the price and reduce the … of cigarettes. A. Consumption B. Consumers C. Consume D. Consuming 1
6. Countries have developed their economies, increased…of goods and met the market demands
A. Production B. Produce C. Product D. Producer
7. The federal government collects revenue from a variety of taxes, in there… become Trust Funds A. Customs duties B. Payroll taxes C. Income taxes D. Corporate taxes
8. …results from an increase in the amount of circulating currency beyond the needs of trade.
A. Deficit B. Inflation C. Surplus D. Deficit spending
9. The equilibrium price occurs… the supply of goods matches the demand for goods.
A. What B. Which C. Where D. Who
10. Most economists are concerned… practical applications of economic policy
in a particular area, such as finance, transportation, environment or health. A. Of B. To D. With D.For II. READING
Reading the following text and choose the best answer A, B, C or D
Tax is a compulsory and payable amount that organizations, enterprises and
individuals must pay to the State according to the provisions of law. The primary
function of taxation is, of course, to raise revenue to finance government
expenditure. In addition, taxes have some other functions such as encouraging
investment in certain industries, adjusting the allocation of limited resources; and
controlling supply and demand, production and consumption in the market,
stabilizing prices and controlling inflation, etc…Thus, taxes become an important macroeconomic regulatory tool.
In most years, the government spends more money than it takes in from tax
revenue. Under increasing spending pressure, to stop the budget deficit from
rising, the Government’s priority is to enhance the efficiency of expenditure
while finding alternative sources of revenue. 2
Improving efficiency is associated with reforms in the State apparatus
operation and payroll, as well as enhancing public investment quality.
Meanwhile, expanding revenue is attracted to broadening the tax base.
However, raising taxes needs to be done cautiously as this affects savings and
reduces investment in production. The higher the tax rate, the more people are
tempted to cheat and thus cause tax losses and lead to market distortion due to
unfair competition practices. For example, self-employed-people 's income is
very difficult to control. Lots of people also have part-time evening jobs, but
they don’t declare to the agency to not pay any tax or national insurance. More
serious is the money laundering of criminal organizations. They tend to pass
money through a series of companies in very complicated transactions in order to
disguise its origin from tax inspectors- and the police. The reported transfer
pricing scheme by foreign-invested enterprises is also an example. 1. What is tax?
A. Tax is an optional amount that organizations, enterprises and individuals must pay to the State
B. Tax is a voluntary amount that organizations, enterprises and individuals
pay to the State not according to the provisions of law.
C. Taxation is an obligatory, payable amount that organizations, businesses
and individuals must pay to the State in accordance with law. D. No answer
2. Why does the Government have to enhance expenditure efficiency ?
A. public investment is poor B. revenue is contracting C. budget deficit is rising D. there is no alternative
3. What is the consequence of expanding tax revenue ? A. raising taxes B. investment reduction
C. high payroll poor public investment D. poor public investment
4. What is money laundering to be considered as an example of ? A. illegal way avoiding tax B. unfair competition practice 3 C. tax-deductible D. loopholes in the tax law
5. What is the indirect consequence of applying a high tax ? A. raising revenue B. tax fraud and evasion C. market distortion D. reducing budget deficit
III. MAKE COMPLETE SENTENCES
1. Well-being / mean / satisfaction / gain / use / goods and services /, time /
share / families and friends / and so on
2. central/ role/ markets/ be/ third/ important/ theme/ microeconomic
3. Macroeconomics/ look/ higher up/ country/ government/ decisions.
4. Profits/make/sell/assets/be/generally/liable/capital/gain/tax
5. Tax evasion/mean/make/false/declarations/tax authorities IV. MATCHING
Match the words/phrases from 1-7 with definitions from a-e
1. state capitalism chủ nghĩa tư bản
a) Reducing the value of a fixed asset, nhà nước
by charging it against profits.
b) an economic system in which the
2. state socialism B Chủ nghĩa xã hội government owns most means of nhà nước
production but some degree (mức độ)
of private capitalism is allowed. 3. floating debt D Nợ nổi c)
The required percentage of reserves
(deposits) that banks and thrifts must
4. Depreciation accounting A Kế toán hold in each or in deposits at the khấu hao central bank.
d) Consisting mainly of short-term
5. Reserve requirement C Tỷ lệ dự trữ bills, or money borrowed at call (có bắt buộc thể thu hồi)
e) The amount of a country’s money 4
6. Exchange controls used to limit E
that residents were able to change into Kiểm soát ngoại hối foreign currencies
7. A clean floating exchange rate NO Tỷ giá hối đoái sạch
V. ANSWER THE QUESTIONS.
1.What is the definition of public finance ?
Public finance is concerned with G’s spending, borrowings. revenue
2.What is the difference between fiscal policy and monetary policy?
Fiscal policy refers to government spending and tax policies, while monetary policy
involves the management of money supply and interest rates by central banks. VI. TRANSLATION
1.Translate Vietnamese into English. .
- Các ngân hàng trung ương quốc gia đóng vai trò quan trọng trong kiểm soát
cung tiền, lạm phát, và/hoặc các lãi suất và thường có các tỷ giá mục tiêu chính
thức hoặc không chính thức cho đồng tiền của mình.
National Central Banks play an important role in controlling Money supply,
inflation and/or interest rates and often have official or unofficial target rates for their currency
- Chính sách tiền tệ bao gồm việc quản lý cung tiền và lãi suất, nhằm đáp ứng các
mục tiêu kinh tế vĩ mô như kiểm soát lạm phát, tiêu dùng, tăng trưởng và thanh khoản.
Monetary Policy includes management of money supply and interest rates in
order to achieve macroeconomic objectives such as controlling inflation,
consumption, growth, and liquidity
- Thuế giá trị gia tăng áp dụng đối với hàng hóa, dịch vụ trong nước hoặc nhập
khẩu được mua vào và bán ra để sản xuất, kinh doanh và tiêu thụ. 5
Value-added Tax applies to goods and services that are
purchased or sold for production, business, and consumption, whether domestic or imported.
2.Translate English into Vietnamese.
- Tax evasion does not only occur in Vietnam, but it is common in all countries,
adversely affecting the economy, causing social unrest and loss of state budget revenue.
Trốn thuế không chỉ xảy ra ở Việt nam, nó còn phổ biến ở tất cả đất nước, ảnh
hưởng xấu đến nền kinh tế gây ra sự bất ổn xã hội và sự thiệt hại của ngân sách nhà nước
- Reconciling financial demand with macroeconomic stability will require a more
comprehensive policy framework across all major policy instruments including
exchange rate policy, monetary policy, and fiscal policy.
Điều hòa cầu tài chình với sự ổn định vĩ mô sẽ yêu cầu khung chính sách bao
hàm các công cụ chính sách lớn bao gồm chính sách tỉ giá hối đoái, chính sách
tiền tệ, chính sách tài khóa
- Expansionary fiscal policy occurs when Congress acts to cut tax rates or
increase government spending, shifting the aggregate demand curve to the right.
Chính sách tài khóa mở rộng xảy ra khi Quốc hội cắt giảm thuế hoặc gia tăng chi
tiêu công, thay đổi tổng cầu dịch sang bên phải 6