Mục đích của Introduction trong Ielts writing task 2

I. Mục đích của Introduction trong IELTS WRITING TASK 2

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• Giới thiệu chủ đề của bài viết
• Trả lời câu hỏi của đề bài cho
  1. Cấu trúc chung của Introduction:

Phần Introduction nên có 2 câu

• Câu 1: General statement - Câu giới thiệu sơ qua Topic chung của đề bài
• Tức là: diễn đạt lại đề bài theo cách riêng của mình (paraphrase đề bài bằng các từ và cụm từ đồng nghĩa)
• Câu 2: Thesis Statement - Câu trả lời trực tiếp câu hỏi của đề bài Cùng IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:

Ví dụ 1:

Đề bài: In education and employment, some people work harder than others. Why do some people work harder? Is it always a good thing to work hard?

• Câu Introduction mẫu, được viết bởi thầy Simon IELTS 9.0
• (1) It is true that some people are hard-working and diligent while others prefer not to push themselves, and there could be various reasons for these different attitudes. (2) In my view, a positive work ethic is desirable up to a point, but too much hard work can be counterproductive and even unhealthy.

I. Mục đích của Conclusion trong IELTS WRITING TASK 2

• • Nhấn mạnh được quan điऀm của cá nhân.
  • Đem lại cảm giác hoàn chỉnh cho bài viết.
  • Để lại ấn tượng cho người đọc.
  1. Cấu trúc chung của Conclusion:
• Chỉ nên viết 1 câu cho Conclusion, KHÔNG VIẾT DÀI DÒNG
• Conclusion chính là câu Paraphrase lại câu thứ 2 trong Introduction, tức là khẳng định lại quan điểm bản thân Ví dụ 2:

Phần mở bài:

It is argued by some that students would benefit more when they attend singlesex schools. In my opinion, however, it would be better for them to enter mixedgender education.

Áp dụng các paraphase sau nhé, lồng ghép thêm quan điểm cá nhân, chúng ta sẽ có được một phần kết luận nhanh chóng:

• It is argued by some that → some people think that
• students would benefit more → it is more beneficial to send students to
• In my opinion → I personally believe that
• it would be better for them to → brings more benefits for students

Phần kết bài

In conclusion, although some people think that it is more beneficial to send students to single- sex schools, I personally believe that mixed-gender education brings more benefits for students.

Một đoạn kết bài cần thiết phải có những thành phần như sau:

- Dấu hiệu kết bài:

• In conclusion
• In summary
• Overall
• To conclusion  In final analysis
• ...

- Có thể viết thêm về ý kiến cá nhân, dự đoán hoặc ý tưởng. VD dựa vào sĀ liêu ̣ bạn dự đoán xem điều gì sẽ xảy ra sắp tới.

Lưu ý:

• Không nên đưa thông tin mới vào kết bài, bạn chỉ đóng vấn đề lại, chỉ nên đề cập lại những ý đã viết trong bài.
• Thể hiện rõ ràng quan điểm của bạn về vấn đề của đề bài đưa ra.
• Tránh lặp lại giĀng phần mở bài, tránh sử dụng những câu nói sáo và rập khuôn.
• Tránh dùng những cụm từ mang tính chất xin lỗi như: “I may not be an expert” hoặc “At least this is my opinion.”
• Hãy chú ý để dành một ít thời gian để viết kết bài, dù thân bài hay tới mức nào và không có kết bài thì điểm bạn vẫn thấp.
• Không nên dùng những “must” hay “have to” vì những từ này thể hiện sự áp đặt, thay vào đó hãy dùng cụm từ như “It is the responsibility of…”
• Kết luận thể hiện dự đoán, không được viết áp đặt, dùng từ ngữ mang tính đề nghị như: “would”, “can/could”, “may/might”, “perhaps”,…
• Dạng bài IELTS Writing Task 2 – Agree or Disagree

Bước 1. Thiết lập dàn bài Dàn bài:

Ý kiến cá nhân:

Agree

Luận điऀm 1

academic success: motivated by competing with classmates

Giải thích

have a desire to outperform peers

Ví dụ

ex: survey: peers motivated them to study more

Luận điऀm 2

emotional development: grow through relationships

Giải thích

classmates provide new ideas, beliefs, experiences

Ví dụ

study: adolescents control tempers and cooperate by interacting

“Khóa học IELTS” tại Vietop nhiều học viên lựa chọn vì sao?

Bước 2. Viết bài luận hoàn chỉnh dựa trên dàn bài

Dẫn nhập

It is a common belief that + quan điểm trái ngược với phần đề tài

Ý kiến cá

nhân

Howeve

r

,

I firmly believe that + quan điểm rõ ràng của bản thân +

lý do 1, 2 liên quan

OUTLINE

R

And this essay will address the reasons for my views as follow.

• 1. It is common belief/ often argued/ widely believed thatAs far as I am concerned
  2. I strongly disagree with this idea.

I strongly agree with this idea

Personal, I agree that…

Many people argue that…. However I believe that… I’m convinced that

Thân bài 1 (BODY 1)

Luận điऀm

1

academic successs: motivated by competing with classmates

Giải thích

have the desire to outperform peers

Ví dụ

survey: peers motivated them to study more

B. Viết thân bài

Đoạn thân bài 1

To begin with, a great deal of advocates are inclined towards the fact that students are encouraged by competing with their fellow classmates.

undergraduates have the . This is because propensity for attempting to outperform their friends through the acts of demonstrating wider range of knowledge and acquiring higher scores.

Luận điऀm

2

To begin with, a great deal of advocates are inclined towards the fact that + l

điểm 1

Giải thích

(

giải thích thêm về luận điểm 1) this is because S + have the propensity for

+

Ví dụ

According to a recent survey, + ví dụ

Thân bài 2 (BODY 2)

Luận điऀm 2

motional development : grow through relationships

Giải thích

classmates provide new ideas, beliefs and experiences

Ví dụ

study: adolescents control tempers and cooperate by interacting

Luận điऀm 2

On top of that + luận điểm 2

Giải thích

giải thích thêm về luận điểm 2

Ví dụ

for example/ from my perspectives, + ví dụ

Competition is extremely fierce in the classroom, where students study the same level of materials in the same place. According to a recent survey, students stated that their peers motivated them to study better than their teachers. Thus, classroom’s competition plays such indispensable role in monitoring individuals’ development progress. This research offers solid evidence that classmates leave deeper impacts upon their academic achievement.

Đoạn thân bài 2

On top of that, students’ emotional development will be enhanced through the acts of establishing relationships among peers. This is because a huge proportion of time is spent at school more than at home, students have a lot of opportunities to interact with their classmates, which helps them to grow emotionally by providing new ideas, beliefs and experiences. This means that it might upgrade the ability to control their feelings and get along with their fellow others.

A clear illustration for this can be depicted through the fact that adolescents are likely to control their tempers and cooperate with others through interacting with their friends at school, which plays an indispensable role in the students’ emotional development.

C. Viết kết luận

Tóm tắt: tóm lược ngắn gọn nội dung luận điểm 1, 2 đã nêu trong đoạn thân bài 1 và 2

CONCLUSION

Tóm tắt

In conclusion/ to sum up + luận điểm 1,2

Lời kết

For these reasons, + it is clear that + ý kiến cá nhân

Lời kết: nhắc lại một lần nữa ý kiến của mình để kết thúc bài luận một cách rõ ràng.

Đoạn kết bài

In conclusion, undergraduates are motivated by competing with classmates and growing through relationships. For these reasons, it is clear that students’ academic achievement and emotional growth are influenced by their classmates better than the teachers.

Cách viếết dạng Discuss Both View And Give Your Own

Opinion trong IELTS Writing Task 2

Cấu trúc của một bài viết dạng Discuss both view and give your own opinion

⚡ INTRODUCTION (Mở bài)

Nhiệm vụ 1: Paraphrase lại đề bài

Nhiệm vụ 2: Câu khẳng định 2 quan điểm của bài viết (Thesis Statement)

Nhiệm vụ 3: Câu tổng quan về bài viết (Outline Sentence) (optional)

⚡ MAIN BODY PARAGRAPH 1 (Đoạn thân bài thứ nhất)

Nhiệm vụ 1: Nêu quan điểm thứ nhất

Nhiệm vụ 2: Luận điểm bản thân về quan điểm thứ nhất

Nhiệm vụ 3: Đưa ra các luận cứ để ủng hộ luận điểm bản thân

⚡ MAIN BODY PARAGRAPH 2 (Đoạn thân bài thứ nhất)

Nhiệm vụ 1: Nêu quan điểm thứ hai

Nhiệm vụ 2: Luận điểm bản thân về quan điểm thứ hai

Nhiệm vụ 3: Đưa ra các luận cứ để ủng hộ luận điểm bản thân.

⚡ CONCLUSION (Kết luận)

Nhiệm vụ 1: Khẳng định lại quan điểm của bài viết ở Thesis statement.

Nhiệm vụ 2: Kết quả tích cực có thể xảy ra trong tương lai ( Future outcome) (optional)

⚡ INTRODUCTION (Mở bài)

Nhiệm vụ 1: Paraphrase lại đề bài

Some people are of the opinion that physical fitness is the key to success in sports. However, some others are opposed to this idea, claiming that mental toughness is of uttermost importance.

Nhiệm vụ 2: Câu khẳng định quan điểm của bài viết (Thesis Statement).

Nhiệm vụ 3: Câu tổng quan về bài viết (Outline Sentence) (optional) I will further elaborate in this essay.

⚡ MAIN BODY PARAGRAPH 1 (Đoạn thân bài thứ nhất)

Nhiệm vụ 1: Nêu quan điểm thứ nhất

Physical strength has been commonly regarded as an important element in sports.

Nhiệm vụ 2: Luận điểm bản thân về quan điểm thứ nhất

Most sportspeople are required to be physically fit so that they are able to perform physically challenging actions commonly found in the majority of sports.

Nhiệm vụ 3: Đưa ra các luận cứ để ủng hộ luận điểm bản thân

Footballers, for example, spend on average 90 minutes of relentless physical manoeuvres, and this certainly requires brute strength and stamina. In some sports that involve building muscles such as weightlifting, fitness is instrumental in the overall success of a weightlifter, for more weights lifted are directly proportionate to how well he or she performs in a weightlifting competition.

⚡ MAIN BODY PARAGRAPH 2 (Đoạn thân bài thứ nhất) Nhiệm vụ 1: Nêu quan điểm thứ hai

A strong mentality, on the other hand, is also very essential for any professionals to be successful.

Nhiệm vụ 2: Luận điểm bản thân về quan điểm thứ hai

As a matter of fact, virtually all sports entail intense competitions and pressure, and only strong-willed players who are able to handle those problems well attain great success.

Nhiệm vụ 3: Đưa ra các luận cứ để ủng hộ luận điểm bản thân.

Elite athletes such as Roger Federer or Cristiano Ronaldo, for example, are perfect examples of players who remain calm and confident regardless of situations. Additionally, mental prowess has been proven to be a gamechanging factor in deciding the outcome of a match. Even seeded players can bitterly lose to underdogs if stressed or pressured.

⚡ CONCLUSION (Kết luận)

Nhiệm vụ 1: Khẳng định lại quan điểm của bài viết ở Thesis statement.( Which one is better?)

In conclusion, my firm conviction is that mental toughness is just as important as physical fitness in determining sporting success.

Nhiệm vụ 2: Kết quả tích cực có thể xảy ra trong tương lai ( Future outcome) (optional)

In the future, with training integrating both physical and mental health becoming increasingly available, the sporting industry will be able to welcome generations of successful sports players who are physically fit and mentally prepared.

Cách viếết dạng Advantages -Disadvantages trong IELTS

Writing Task 2

A. Tổng quan dạng Advantages – Disadvantages

Loại 1: Chỉ liệt kê ra các ưu điऀm và nhược điऀm

Loại 2: Người viết cần chỉ ra liệu ưu điऀm có lấn át được nhược điऀm hay không

1. Cấu trúc của bài viết Advantages – Disadvantages (Structure)

⚡ KHÔNG CÓ OUTWEIGH

BỐ CỤC

1

Introduction: 1 đoạn

2

Body: 2 đoạn

Body 1: Advantage

Body 2: Disadvantage

3

Conclusion: 1 đoạn

⚡ CÓ OUTWEIGH

1

. Introduction

This essay will discuss the benefits and drawbacks of this trend

This trend would create certain benefits but there will also be some drawbacks

2

. Body #

1

BỐ CỤC

1

Introduction: 1 đoạn

2

Body: 2 đoạn

Body 1: Cái nào chiếm ưu thế ít

Body 2: Cái chiếm ưu thế nhiều hơn

3

Conclusion: 1 đoạn

1. Template gợi ý cho dạng bài Advantage- Disadvantage

⚡ KHÔNG CÓ OUTWEIGH

Topic sentence

On the other hand, there are a number of disadvantages of ……that

people should take into consideration

Disadvantage

#1

The principal one is that ….

Disadvantage

#2

In addition, ….

4

. Conclusion

In conclusion, … could bring about certain benefits, but its negative consequences

should not be overlooked

⚡ CÓ OUTWEIGH

Topic sentence

On the one hand, there are several reasons why N is beneficial

Advantage #1

Firstly, ….

Advantage #2

Secondly, …

3

. Body #

2

1

. Introduction

Advantage > disadvantage

In my opinion, the benefits of ….outweigh its drawbacks

Advantage < disadvantage

While this development may bring about some benefits, I would argue they are eclipsed the

drawbacks.

2

. Body

Advantage > Disadvantage

Topic sentence

Body

1

On the one hand, …..offers people several benefits

Body

2

On the other hand, I am of the opinion that the aforementioned advantages

are at the expense of greater drawbacks.

Advantage < Disadvantage

Topic sentence

Body

1

When S + V, several problems can be anticipated.

Body

2

In spite o

f

the drawbacks mentioned above, I believe that ………. is a positive

measure/ trend/ development

3

. Conclusion

Advantage > disadvantage

In conclusion, while………may have some negative aspects, I believe they are

outweighed by

the more

s

ignificant positive aspects.

Advantage < disadvantage

In conclusion, it seems to me that the disadvantages of ……… are more

considerable than its advantages.

B. Bài mẫu

Topic: Many foods are shipped from far away. Some people think that eating local foods is more environmentally and economically. Do you think the advantages outweigh its disadvantages?

Sample essay

The shipping of a wide range of foods from other cities or countries may have an adverse impact on locally produced food in this modern world of aggressive competition. However, the latter, in my own eyes, obviously offers more merits than demerits.

On the face of it, the consumption of local food might be said to have certain drawbacks. One of them is the lack of diversity or exotic taste. Without access to strange food from far away, people in Vietnam today, for instance, would feel fed up with a limited number of food choices or would never have a chance to try, and probably enjoy, the taste of a similar type of food which is actually imported from other countries, such as Kobe beef from Japan.

However, compared with food transported from other regions, eating food produced locally is significantly more beneficial in economic, environmental, and educational terms. From an economic point of view, local food does not involve excessive transportation leading to higher and higher costs, especially with increasing fuel prices taken into account.

This is also associated with less damaging effects on the environment related to the shipping of food products by plane from abroad. In terms of education, consuming local food helps nurture patriotism among young generations, orienting them towards preserving and developing the sense of using indigenous products.

In today’s world of globalization, the effort to consume local food is thus playing an indispensable role in maintaining the identity of each and every local culture.

In a word, the downside of eating locally produced food is outweighed by its upside. This is, in actual fact, true from economic, environmental, and educational viewpoints.

I. Cách dùng Advantage

1. Paraphrase

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

 advantage: benefit, merit, positive aspect, strong point, plus point, upside

2. Structures

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• The main advantage/disadvantage of ...... is ......
• Another reason is that it would benefit/handicap.......
• One/another additional advantage …. is ..….
• What makes ….. important ..… is …...
• One/Another point in favor of …... is ..

II. Cách dùng Disadvantage:

1. Paraphrase

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• disadvantages: drawbacks, weakness, handicap, weak point, negative aspect, minus point, downside

2. Structures:

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• The main/most/serious disadvantage of ... is ...
• Another negative aspect of .... would be ....
• One/another/an additional disadvantage of …. is …. IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:
• Cụm danh từ "The pros and cons" mang ý chỉ cả mặt tích cực lẫn tiêu cực, pro = benefit và con = drawback, cụm từ này bạn không nên viết tách lẻ ra.

III. Paraphrase nguyên cụm advantages & disadvantages

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• Pros and cons: là 1 phrase nên không bao h dùng riêng như the pros of learning English are ... nhé. Luôn dùng kèm nhau
• IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: I suppose there are both pros and cons to being popular
• Benefit - drawback: dùng được riêng lẻ, nhưng 2 từ này là 1 cặp phù hợp cho 1 câu có cả ưu và nhược.
• IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Going abroad for education purposes brings about both benefits and drawbacks
• Positive aspect - negative aspect
• strengths & shortcomings
• plus point - minus point
• merit - demerit
• strength vs weakness
• gain and pitfall
• Good sides & bad sides
• IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: On the good side, overseas

studies give students a lifetime experience for travelling and exploring new places. However, it could also lead to personal

crisis due to disruptions in relationship

• Upsides and downsides
• Bright sides & dark sides / downside
• The bright side of being famous is that your words have more value. You are well treated by many, and you make better money. However, the downside of becoming well-known is that being a celebrity leaves you with no privacy IV. Cách chuyऀn đoạn

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• Để chuyển đoạn, nên sử dụng linh hoạt một số liên từ hoặc mẫu câu mang ý nghĩa nhượng bộ/đối lập.
• Dưới đây là một số mẫu câu ví dụ mà có thể áp dụng cho mọi đề bài.
• Despite these attractions, some drawbacks do exist…
• Although … has many advantages, there still exist some noteworthy disadvantages.
• However, … is not completely beneficial; there are some negative aspects that should be taken into consideration.

V. Paraphrase từ "outweigh"

1. eclipse

IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:

 These problems should not be allowed to eclipse the organization's achievements.

2. overshadow

IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:

 although there are many positive effects of allowing people to freely design their homes or other buildings, it seems to me that these advantages are overshadowed by the drawbacks

3. prevail

IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:

• The pros prevail over the cons

Phân loạ ại d ng Is it a positive or a negative development?

Dạng 1: Ch có 1 câu hỉ ỏi là Is it a positive or a negative development?

• Tức là câu hỏi Is it a positive or a negative development? sẽ là câu hỏi duy nhất của đề bài
• Với dạng bài này người viết sẽ đưa ra quan điểm cá nhân nhận xét về vấn đề, vấn đề này Positive hay Negative hay cả vừa có Positive và Negative

Dạng 2: Câu hỏi Is it a positive or a negative development? trong dạng 2 câu hỏi (2-question essay)

• Tức là ngoài câu hỏi Is it a positive or a negative development?, thì trong đề bài còn có 1 câu hỏi khác nữa Cùng IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:
• Today, many children spend a lot of time playing computer games and less time on sports. Why? Is it a positive or a negative development?

II. Cách viết 2 dạng Is it a positive or a negative development?

Dạng 1: Chỉ có 1 câu hỏi là Is it a

positive or a negative development?

• Sẽ có 3 cách viết như sau:
• Nếu Positive > Negative thì 2 đoạn sẽ viết 2 lí do vì sao Positive > Negative
• Nếu Negative > Positive thì 2 đoạn sẽ viết 2 lí do vì sao Negative > Positive
• Nếu vừa positive, vừa negative, thì đây là cách viết ba phải ==> cách viết này IELTS TUTOR chỉ khuyến khích nếu bạn target 8.0 trở lên nhé, không thì viết cực kì dễ sai Task Response nhé!
• Bố cục (ví dụ IELTS TUTOR chọn là positive development):
• Intro câu 2: positive development
• Body 1: lí do thứ 1 vì sao lại positive development
• Body 2: lí do thứ 2 vì sao lại positive development
• Conclusion: khẳng định lại là positive development

Dạng 2: Câu hỏi Is it a positive or a negative development? trong dạng 2 câu hỏi (2-question essay) IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• Cách viết dạng mà câu hỏi Is it a positive or a negative development? chỉ là 1 trong số 2 câu hỏi của đề bài thì sẽ hoàn toàn giống với dạng 2 question essay, như vậy bố cục IELTS TUTOR khuyên sẽ như sau (giả sử IELTS TUTOR theo hướng positive development):
• Intro câu 2: giới thiệu sơ qua câu hỏi 1 + 2 (nhớ phải khẳng định là mình ủng hộ positive)
• Body 1: trả lời câu hỏi số 1
• Body 2: trả lời câu hỏi số 2 (ví dụ là câu hỏi Is it a

positive or a negative development?)

• Nêu 1 hoặc 2 lí do vì sao lại là positive development

Bài Mẫu Ielts Writing Task 2 Dạng Positive Negative Development ( Band 9 )

Many employers are now offering their employees the option to work from home. As a result, employees will have much more flexible hours in the future. Is this a positive or negative development?

In the modern workplace, many workers are being given the option to undertake their job from home, thus leading to the managing of one's own time. In my opinion, I believe that this is a positive development. Firstly, this essay will discuss, how being able to work away from the confinement of an office can bring positive elements into a worker's life. Secondly, it will discuss the positive impact this may have on a person when no longer involved in the day to day activities happening in the office environment.

Firstly, having the option to work from home, can have a positive impact on an employee's schedule. This is especially so if the person has children or other dependants because working long hours is not always possible depending on your lifestyle. Therefore it allows the employee to manage their own schedule while ensuring that they maintain a work-life balance, working from wherever they are in the world. Having flexible working hours means that collecting children from school, spending time travelling and being able to attend non-work related appointments becomes much easier. For example, Google allows senior engineers to work remotely, using flexible hours for those who travel a lot or have the need to work with little interruptions.

Similarly, employees can develop better mental health when they are removed from the everyday office environment. When working away from the office, the individual may feel like they can work at their own pace, take breaks when needed and deal with less stress. Working for long hours each day in an office environment with co-workers and management can seriously impact a person's mental health, leading to frustration, depression and burnout. For instance, according to an article published in The New York Times in 2016, a survey of people who work online, from home in the state of New York showed that 94% of people said they had developed overall better health.

In conclusion, in my view, there are more positive elements than negative, as there are clear benefits to individuals who have the opportunity to work from home, including having a flexible schedule. However, those working away from the office environment should also manage their work/life balance, so they take care of their mental health.

Cách viết dạng Problems and Solutions trong IELTS Writing Task 2

B. Hướng dẫn chi tiết cách làm bài dạng Problems & Solutions

1. Introduction

 Dẫn nhập: It is true that there is an increasing number of + N (xác định đối tượng vấn đề chính được nói đến trong bài là gì. Chủ động hay bị động) + V-ING/ V3/ED (bổ nghĩa cho chủ đề trước đó)

Câu đặc trưng của dạng : As far as I am concerned, this phenomenon can result

in serious problems, which can be tackled using appropriate measures.

2. Body

1. paragraphs)
   1. Paragraph 1 : Tập trung bàn về PROBLEMS

It is possibly said that this issue may be caused by some main factors.

(

câu

mở đầu đoạn

)

Giới thiệu vấn đề thứ 1 : One of the prominent reasons concerning this problem is N. Dùng các công thức sau để viết câu

• • • Giải thích/ chứng minh cho quan điểm 1, khiến cho người đọc tin tưởng hơn.
    • Analysis: This is because + S + have/ has the propensity for + V-ING (chỉ ra xu hướng chung của hành động thuộc về quan điểm 1)
    • Sau khi kết thúc, dùng dấu “,” và mệnh đề
    • Which led to (the fact that + S+ V) + N/ N phrase (xu hướng nếu trên đã dẫn đến hậu quả gì)
    • Dùng liên từ Henceforth, S + be + considered as the chief culprit behind +N/ N phrase để nhấn mạnh lại 1 lần nữa hệ quả đó chính là nguyên nhân chính cho vấn đề được nêu ra.

Giới thiệu vấn đề thứ 2

• • • Another factor leading to this situation is + N.
    • This means + N (dùng để chỉ hậu quả của vấn đề thứ 2 gây ra)
    • S + exert such detrimental impacts upon + N ( hậu quả của vấn đề 2 gây ra những ảnh hưởng nghiêm trọng lên nhóm đối tượng nào), resulting in + N (và dẫn đến thêm 1 hệ lụy nào khác)  Giving examples
  1. Paragraph 2 : Tập trung bàn luận về giải pháp

In truth, some imperative measures ought to be taken to resolve these prospective issues. (câu mở đầu của đoạn)

Hướng giải quyết 1 cho vấn đề 1:

• • • V-ing (hướng giải quyết 1 theo định dạng V-ing) + be + highly + recommended/ complemented/ suggested.
    • …………. , which prevent + O + from V-ing/ N (giúp đỡ cho đối tượng khỏi việc bị ….)  Giving examples

Hướng giải quyết 2 cho vấn đề 2:

• • • It is/ was N phrase’s responsibility /liability + to V (đó là trách nhiệm của 1 tập thể, ….là phải làm gì….)
    • Therefore , dùng passive voice để nêu lên những hệ quả sau khi giải pháp được đưa ra
    • In addition, S (các đối tượng chỉ người) + be + encouraged to + turn to + V1-ing/ N as the alternative to + V2-ing/ N2 + to + V (được khuyên là nên làm việc gì đó tích cực hơn cách làm cũ để giúp cho vấn đề được cải thiện)

3. Conclusion

In conclusion, there are indeed various repercussions regarding (paraphrase lại cụm danh từ chỉ vấn đề chính được nêu ở phần mở bài), yet, they can be solved once according measures are enlisted imperatively.

C. Model Essay

There is growing evidence that man-made activities are making global temperatures higher.

 What might be the man-made causes of temperatures rising?  How should we deal with this problem?

Sample

It is true that there is an increasing number of human-related activities posing grave harm upon the worldwide temperature. As far as I am concerned, this phenomenon can result in serious problems, which can be tackled using appropriate measures.

It is possibly said that this issue may be caused by some main factors. One of the prominent reasons concerning this problem is constructing a large number of factories. This is because the authority has the propensity for cutting down hundred hectares of forest to make place for building manufacturing facilities, which led to the fact that the flora and fauna’s habitat was destroyed. Henceforth, deforestation is considered as the chief culprit behind the deterioration in the biodiversity’s quality. Another factor leading to this situation is the proliferation in population. This means the acceleration in using private vehicles. The transportation’s exhaust emission exerts detrimental impacts upon the air and people’s health, resulting in the alarming rate of respiratory-related diseases.

In truth, some imperative measures ought to/ should be taken to resolve these prospective issues. Restricting the building of factories or manufaturing facilites is highly recommended. This is proven to reap

greater benefits in preserving the majority of primative forests as well

as and plants, which prevent them

from . It is

the government’s responsibility to encourage individuals to use mass transits. Therefore, the air contamination will be decreased and its quality will also be enhanced. In addition, the citizens are encouraged to turn to using renewable- energy vehicles as the alternative to the fuel ones to protect the environment and their health status.

In conclusion, there are indeed various repercussions regarding humanactivities’ detrimental impacts upon the environment, yet, they can be solved once according measures are enlisted imperatively .

DÀN BÀI TỔNG QUÁT

Introduction:

General statement: paraphrase lại đề bài

It is a fact that ....

Thesis statement: trả lời câu hỏi của đề bài - giới thiệu chung chung là có những causes/ effects hay solutions nào, tuỳ theo câu hỏi của đề bài.

Effects & Solutions: Although there will undoubtedly be some negative consequences of this trend, societies can take steps to mitigate these potential problems.

Causes & Effects: This trend is caused by several reasons regarding ...

Consequently, there are numerous negative effects that will arise.

Body:

(lưu ý độ dài paragraph 1 nên tương đương paragraph 2)

Paragraph: Dùng cấu trúc song hành/ diễn dịch nêu ra (các) cause

• Câu topic sentence giới thiệu (các) cause: The cause of various matters of urban life is the overpopulation in large cities.
• Các câu supporting sentences sau diễn giải hoặc liệt kê thêm ra các causes khác.

Paragraph: Dùng cấu trúc song hành nêu ra các effects

• Câu topic sentence giới thiệu khái quát các ưu điểm: Several related problems can be anticipated when..
• Nói về ưu điểm 1: The main issue is that..... In other words,...
• Nói về ưu điểm 2: Another further pressure will include.....  Nói về ưu điểm 3: Last but not least,.....

Paragraph: Dùng cấu trúc song hành nêu ra các solutions

• Câu topic sentence giới thiệu khái quát các khuyết điểm: There are several actions that could be taken to solve the problems.
• Nói về khuyết điểm 1: First,....... It means that ......
• Nói về khuyết điểm 2: A second measure would be..... In particular, ......
• Nói về khuyết điểm 3: Finally,....... For example,...

Conclusion:

Paraphrase thesis statement và nói tóm tắt, tổng quát các cause - effect - solution.

In conclusion, ... is the main reason for ... As a result, the downside would emerge consequently in terms of {effect 1, 2 & 3}. Nevertheless, there are measures that can be taken to deal with the problems regarding {giải pháp 1,2,3}.

CAUSE AND EFFECTS Bài mẫu band 8.0

The topic of “throwaway society” has been discussed in recent years. In this society, people tend to throw away their old items regardless of whether or not they still work and purchase the latest version of things. This essay will look at some primary reasons for this phenomenon and the adverse impacts that it could have on individuals and the environment.

There are several causes of the throwaway society and I think advertising could be the first culprit. Advertisements encourage people to purchase goods and services that they do not really need by delivering a message that possessing the latest version of an item could improve a person’s self-image, confidence and even social status. For example, many of today’s teenagers spend nearly $1,500 buying iPhone X to show that they are wealthy and fashionable even though their old phones are still in good condition and perfectly functional. Another cause is mass production of non-durable goods which are often used once and thrown away. These products are much cheaper and more convenient than durable ones, hence, attract a large number of customers.

Individuals living in the throwaway society could suffer a great deal. They could easily get into serious debt if they get into the habit of buying the latest, novelty items. Many teens are being burdened with thousands of dollars in credit card debt for their unnecessary purchases, which could lead to depression and anxiety. Environmental degradation is another problem facing the throwaway society. Due to excessive production of disposable goods, huge amounts of hazardous waste are being discharged into the environment, which directly contaminates soil and water.

In conclusion, there are various factors leading to the advent of our throwaway society and increasing consumer debt and environmental damage are the two major problems which result from this society.

(299 words, written by Nguyen Huyen, Band 8.0)

Các cụm từ đồng nghĩa (Synonyms)

• things = goods and services = products
• mass production of non-durable goods = excessive production of disposable goods
• purchase the latest version of things = possessing the latest version of an item = buying the latest, novelty items
• environmental degradation = environmental damage
• some primary reasons for this phenomenon = several causes of the throwaway society = various factors leading to the advent of our throwaway society
• the adverse impacts that it could have = the two major problems which result from this society
• improve a person’s self-image, confidence and even social status = show that they are wealthy and fashionable
• purchase goods and services that they do not really need = their unnecessary purchases
• easily get into serious debt = increasing consumer debt

Các cụm từ, cấu trúc hay

• regardless of…: không kể đến, bất kể
• phenomenon (n): hiện tượng
• culprit (n): thủ phạm
• encourage somebody to V: khuyến khích ai đó làm gì
• deliver a message that…: gửi thông điệp rằng…
• improve a person’s self-image: cải thiện hình ảnh cá nhân
• social status: địa vị xã hội
• to be in good condition: trong tình trạng tốt
• to be perfectly functional: hoàn toàn hoạt động tốt
• mass production of…: việc sản xuất hàng loạt
• non-durable = disposable (adj): sử dụng trong thời gian ngắn, không bền
• suffer a great deal = suffer a lot: chịu đựng rất nhiều
• get into serious debt: mắc nợ nghiêm trọng
• get into the habit of…: có thói quen…
• depression and anxiety: trầm cảm và lo âu
• environmental degradation: suy thoái môi trường
• hazardous waste: chất thải nguy hại
• to be discharged into…: bị thải ra  contaminate…: làm ô nhiễm  result from…: kết quả từ….

EFFECTS AND SOLUTIONS

Essay topics:

Consumers are faced with increasing numbers of advertisements from competing companies. To what extent do you think consumers are influenced by advertisements? What measures can be taken to protect them?

In the world of today, it is admitted that people are living in a highly sophisticated marketing world. While there is a handful of reasons showing that advertisements are having adversely influences on their own customers, some quick fixes can be proposed to deal with the issue.

There is no doubt that advertisements have detrimental effects on consumers. First of all, a lot of adverts create artificial needs. In fact, there have been a lot of people spent a great deal of money to buy goods impulsively, after being attracted by impressive and persuasive adverts. For instance, many adverts of weight-controlling medicines have been trying to create an illusion for customers that they are all overweight and just simply taking a few doses of those products, then a well-balanced body will be within hand's reach. Secondly, it is obvious that people are often swayed by advertisements.

Indeed, they often buy things because of the power, success and glamour