Phương trình lượng giác thường gặp – Lê Văn Đoàn
Tài liệu gồm 44 trang được biên soạn bởi thầy Lê Văn Đoàn hướng dẫn phương pháp giải một số dạng phương trình lượng giác thường gặp và một số bài tập nhằm giúp học sinh tự rèn luyện.
Chủ đề: Chương 1: Hàm số lượng giác và phương trình lượng giác (KNTT)
Môn: Toán 11
Thông tin:
Tác giả:
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SỞ GD & ĐT TP. HỒ CHÍ MINH
ÑEÀ CÖÔNG HOÏC TAÄP LÔÙP 11
TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
§ 3. PHÖÔNG TRÌNH LÖÔÏNG GIAÙC THÖÔØNG GAËP
Daïng toaùn 1. Phöông trình baäc hai vaø baäc cao theo moät haøm löôïng giaùc
Quan sát và dùng các công thức biến đổi để đưa phương trình về cùng một hàm lượng giác
(cùng sin hoặc cùng cos hoặc cùng tan hoặc cùng cot) với cung góc giống nhau, chẳng hạn: Dạng Đặt ẩn phụ Điều kiện 2
a sin X b sin X c 0 t sin X 1 t 1 2
a cos X b cos X c 0 t cos X 1 t 1 2
a tan X b tan X c 0 t tan X X k 2 2
a cot X b cotX c 0 t cot X X k Nếu đặt 2 2
t sin X, cos X hoặc t sin X , cos X thì điều kiện là 0 t 1.
Nhóm 1. Phương trình bậc hai cơ bản 1. Giải: 2
2 sin x sin x 1 0. 2. Giải: 2
4 sin x 12 sin x 7 0.
Đặt sin x t thì t [1;1].
.............................................................................. Phương trình trở thành 2
2t t 1 0
.............................................................................. 1
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t 1 (nhận) hoặc t (nhận). 2
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Với t 1 sin x 1 x k2 .
.............................................................................. 2
.............................................................................. 1 1
Với t sin x 2 2
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.............................................................................. x k2 sin x sin 6 .
.............................................................................. 6 7 x k2 6
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.............................................................................. S k2 ; k2 ; k2 , k . 2 6 6
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Nhận xét. Có thể trình bày nhanh như sau:
.............................................................................. sinx 1 5 2
2 sin x sin x 1 0 ...
S k2 ; k2 , k . 1 Đáp số: sin x 6 6 2
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ÑEÀ CÖÔNG HOÏC TAÄP LÔÙP 11
TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020 3. Giải: 2
2 cos x 5 cos x 2 0. 4. Giải: 2
cos x 3 cos x 2 0.
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Đáp số: S { / 3 k2 , k }
. ............... Đáp số: S {k2 , k }
. ............................. 5. Giải: 2
2 tan x 2 3 tan x 3 0. 6. Giải: 2
tan x (1 3)tan x 3 0.
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.............................................................................. .............................................................................. ĐS: S k ; x k ,
k .
S k k k ... Đáp số: ; , . .. 6 3 3 4 7. Giải: 2
3 cot x (1 3)cotx 1 0. 8. Giải: 2
3 cot x (1 3)cotx 1 0.
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Đáp số: S k ; x k , k .
S k k k Đáp số: ; , . .. 4 3 4 3
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ÑEÀ CÖÔNG HOÏC TAÄP LÔÙP 11
TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020 2 2
sin 1 cos
Nhóm 2. Sử dụng công thức 2 2
sin cos 1 . 2 2
cos 1 sin 9. Giải: 2
6 cos x 5 sin x 2 0. 10. Giải: 2
2 sin x 3 cosx 3 0.
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Đáp số: S k2 ; k2. S k k k ......... Đáp số: 2 ; 2 , . ...... 6 6 3 11. Giải: 2
2 cos x 5 sin x 4 0. 12. Giải 2
2 sin x ( 3 4) cos x 2 3 2.
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Đáp số: S k2 ; k2 , k . S k k Đáp số: 2 , . ................. 6 6 6 13. Giải: 4 2
4 sin x 12 cos x 7. 14. Giải: 2 4
3 sin x 2 cos x 2 0. PT 2 2 2
4(sin x) 12(1 sin x) 7 0
.............................................................................. Đặt 2
sin x t thì t [0;1] và phương trình .............................................................................. trở thành 2
4t 12t 5 0
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............................................................................. .............................................................................. k k
Đáp số: S , k . S k k
..................... Đáp số: ; , . ............. 4 2 4 2
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ÑEÀ CÖÔNG HOÏC TAÄP LÔÙP 11
TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020 2 2 cos x 1 (1)
Nhóm 3. Sử dụng công thức cos 2x 2
khi cung góc gấp đôi nhau. 1 2 sin x (2)
15. Giải: 2 cos 2x 8 cos x 5 0.
16. Giải: cos 2x 5 sin x 2 0. PT 2
2(2 cos x 1) 8 cosx 5 0 PT 2
1 2 sin x 5 sin x 2 0
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Đáp số: S k2 , k .
Đáp số: S k2 ; k2 , k . .................. 3 6 6
17. Giải: cos 2x 9 cos x 5 0.
18. Giải: cos 4x 9 sin 2x 8 0.
.............................................................................. PT 2
(1 2 sin 2x) 9 sin 2x 8 0
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Đáp số: S k2 , k . S k k
............... Đáp số: , . ....................... 3 4 x
19. Giải: 5 cos x 2 sin 7 0. 20. Giải: 2
sin x cos2x cosx 2 0. 2 x x
.............................................................................. Phương trình 5 cos 2 2 sin 7 0 2 2
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Đáp số: S { k4 , k }
. ...................... Đáp số: S {k2 , k }
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ÑEÀ CÖÔNG HOÏC TAÄP LÔÙP 11
TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
Nhóm 4. Vừa hạ bậc, vừa nhân đôi khi tồn tại cung góc gấp 4 lần nhau 1 cos 2x 2 2 sin x
cos 2x 2 cos x 1 Hạ bậc: 2 Nhân đôi: 2
cos 4x 2 cos 2x 1 ...... 1 cos2x 2 cos x 2
cos 6x 2 cos 3x 1 2 21. Giải: 2
cos 4x 12 sin x 1 0 22. Giải: 2
1 cos 4x 2 sin x 0. Ta có: 2
cos 4x 12 sin x 1 0
.............................................................................. 1 cos 2x
.............................................................................. 2
(2 cos 2x 1) 12. 1 0 2
.............................................................................. 2
2 cos 2x 1 6(1 cos 2x) 1 0
.............................................................................. 2
2 cos 2x 6 cos2x 8 0
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Đáp số: S k ,
k . ............................... Đáp số: S / 2 k ;
/6 k. ........ 23. Giải: 2
cos 4x 2 cos x 1 0. 24. Giải: 2
8 cos x cos 4x 1.
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Đáp số: S k ; k , k . S k k ......... Đáp số: , . ................... 3 3
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ÑEÀ CÖÔNG HOÏC TAÄP LÔÙP 11
TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020 25. Giải: 2
6 cos 3x cos12x 7. 26. Giải: 4 4
5(1 cos x) 2 sin x cos x. Phương trình 2
6 cos 3x cos 4.3x 7 PT 2 2 2 2
5(1 cos x) 2 (sin x) (cos x)
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Đáp số: S k , k . ....................... S k2 , k . 2 Đáp số: ............... 3 x x 27. Giải: 2
cos 2x 3 cos x 4 cos 28. Giải: 2
cos 2x 2 cos x 2 sin 2 2 1 cos x
.............................................................................. PT 2
(2 cos x 1) 3 cosx 4. 2
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Đáp số: S k2 , k .
............... Đáp số: S
k2 k . ................. 3 3
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ÑEÀ CÖÔNG HOÏC TAÄP LÔÙP 11
TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
Nhóm 5. Sử dụng công thức liên quan đến tan, cot đưa về phương trình bậc hai 1 1
tan x.cot x 1 tan x
& cot x cot x tan x . 1 1 2
1 tan x & 2
1 cot x 2 2 cos x sin x
29. Giải: tan x cotx 2.
30. Giải: 2 tan x 3 cotx 3 0. sinx 0 k
.............................................................................. ĐK:
sin 2x 0 x cos x 0 2
.............................................................................. 1
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Ta có tan x cotx 2 tan x 2 tan x
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Đáp số: S k , k .
S k ;
arctan k .
...................... Đáp số: ..... 4 4 2
31. Giải: 5 tan x 2 cotx 3 0.
32. Giải: 3 tan x 6 cotx 2 3 3 0.
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Đáp số: S k ; arctan k
Đáp số: S k ;
arctan(2) k. ... . . 4 5 3
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ÑEÀ CÖÔNG HOÏC TAÄP LÔÙP 11
TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020 3 4
33. Giải phương trình: 2
3 2 tan x. 34. Giải phương trình: tan x 7. 2 cos x 2 cos x
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Điều kiện: cos x 0 x k , k . 2
.............................................................................. Phương trình 2 2
3(1 tan x) 3 2 tan x ..............................................................................
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Đáp số: S k ,
k . ................................ Đáp số: S /4 k ;
arctan 3/4 k. 3 1
35. Giải phương trình:
3 cotx 3. 36. Giải phương trình: cotx 3. 2 2 sin x sin x
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Đáp số: S k ; k , k . S k k ....... Đáp số: ; arccot(2) . ... 2 6 4
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ÑEÀ CÖÔNG HOÏC TAÄP LÔÙP 11
TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020 4 3
37. Giải: 9 13 cos x 0.
38. Giải phương trình 2 2 tan x 3 2 1 tan x cos x
Điều kiện: cos x 0. Áp dụng công thức:
.............................................................................. 1 1 2 2 1 tan x cos x
.............................................................................. 2 2 cos x 1 tan x
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thì phương trình trở thành: 2
9 13 cosx 4 cos x 0
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Đáp số: S k2 ,
k . ............................. Đáp số: S k2 ,
k . ............................. 1 2 5 1 39. Giải: 2 tan x 0.
40. Giải: 3 sin x cos x 2 cos x 2 cos x
............................................................................. Hướng dẫn: Chia hai vế cho cos x 0.
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Điều kiện: cos x 0 x k , k .
............................................................................. 2
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Đáp số: S k2 , k .
Đáp số: S k ; k , k . .............. ................. 3 3
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ÑEÀ CÖÔNG HOÏC TAÄP LÔÙP 11
TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
Nhóm 6. Phương trình quy về phương trình bậc hai (dạng nâng cao) 41. 2 2
4 cos (6x 2) 16 cos (1 3x) 13.
42. cos(2x 150 )
3 sin(15 x)1 0. Ta có: 2 2
4 cos (6x 2) 16 cos (1 3x) 13
.............................................................................. 2
.............................................................................. 4 cos 2.(3x 1) 16 cos(3x 1) 13
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.............................................................................. .............................................................................. 5 43. Giải: 2
cos x 4 cos x 4. 5 cos 2
x 4 sin x 9. 44. Giải: 3 6 3 6
.............................................................................. Nhận xét: 6 3 2 6 2 3
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.............................................................................. PT 2 cos x 4 cos
x 4 3 2 3
.............................................................................. 2
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cos x 4 sin
x 4 0 3 3
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ÑEÀ CÖÔNG HOÏC TAÄP LÔÙP 11
TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
45. cos2x 3 sin 2x 3 sin x 4 cos x. 46.
3 sin2x 3 sinx cos2x cosx 2.
Có cos 2x 3 sin 2x 3 sin x 4 cos x
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3 sin 2x cos 2x 3 sin x cos x 4 ..............................................................................
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Đặt t 3 sin x cos x 2 sin x 6
.............................................................................. Vì sin x
[1;1] t [ 2 ;2].
.............................................................................. 6
.............................................................................. Khi đó 2 2
t ( 3 sin x cos x )
.............................................................................. 2 2 2
t 3 sin x cos x 3 sin 2x
.............................................................................. 2 2
t 3 sin 2x (2 sin x 1) 2
.............................................................................. 2
t 2 3 sin 2x cos 2x.
.............................................................................. Phương trình trở thành 2
t t 6 0
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2sin x 3 sin2x 4 4.( 3sinx cos ) x . 48. 2
2sin x 3 sin2x 2 3 sinx 2cosx 2.
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ÑEÀ CÖÔNG HOÏC TAÄP LÔÙP 11
TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020 4 2 1 1 49. 2 2 c os x 9 cosx 1. 50. 2 4sin x 4sin x 7. 2 cos x cosx 2 sin x sin x
Điều kiện: cos x 0 x k , k .
.............................................................................. 2
.............................................................................. 2 2 2 Đặt 2
cosx t
cosx t
.............................................................................. cosx cosx
.............................................................................. 4 4 2 2
cos x cos x t
.............................................................................. 2 cos x cos x 4
.............................................................................. 2 2 cos x
t 4. Khi đó phương 2 cos x
.............................................................................. trình trở thành: 2
2(t 4) 9t 1 0
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ĐS: S { k2 ; 2 / 3 k2 , k }
. . ĐS: S { / 6 k2 ; 7 / 6 k2 , k } . 1 2 2 4 51. 2 cos x 2 2 cos x 52. 2 9 cosx 2 c os x 1. 2 cos x cos x 2 cosx cos x
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Đáp số: S {k2 , k }
. .............................. Đáp số: S { 2 / 3 k2 , k } . ...........
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ÑEÀ CÖÔNG HOÏC TAÄP LÔÙP 11
TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020 4x 3 x 1 3x
53. Giải phương trình 2 cos cos x. 54. Giải: sin sin . 3 10 2 2 10 2 2x 1 1 3 x 1 3 x Phương trình cos 2. cos 2x PT sin sin 3 3 2 2 10 2 2 10 2 2x 1 1 2x
cos 2. cos 3.
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............................................................................. .............................................................................. k 3 2
ĐS: S k 3 ; , k .
............. ĐS: S k2 ; k2 , k . ...... 4 2 5 5 3x 4x 8x 2x 55. Giải: 2 2 cos 1 3 cos
56. Giải phương trình: 2 cos cos 5 5 3 3
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............................................................................. .............................................................................. k4 k4 3 1 21 3 k 3 4 3 S ; , cos . S ; k2 , cos . ..... .. 3 3 2 4 4 2 3 4
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TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020 57. 6 2
3 cos 4x 8 cos x 2 cos x 3 0. 58. 3 2 6
4 3 sin x sin x 3 cos x cos x.
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.............................................................................. .............................................................................. x 3 x 59. 2 2 cos x 1
tan x tan cos 2x 3.
tanx 2 3 sinx 1 tanx tan 2 60. 2 cos x 2 x sin
.............................................................................. x sin x 2 Ta có: 1 tan x tan 1 2 cosx x
.............................................................................. cos 2
.............................................................................. x x x
cosx cos sinx sin cos
.............................................................................. 1 2 2 2 x x cosx
.............................................................................. cos . x cos cosx cos 2 2
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TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
Ñeà reøn luyeän veà nhaø soá 01
Giải các phương trình lượng giác sau: 3 1) 2
2 cos x ( 2 2)cos x 2 0.
ĐS: S k 2 ; k2 , k . 4 2) 3 2
2 sin x sin x 2 sin x 1 0
ĐS: S k , k . 2 1 1 3) 2
6 4 cos x 9 sin x 0. ĐS: S a rcsin k2 ;
arcsin k2. 4 4 k 4) 4 2
4 sin x 12 cos x 7
ĐS: S , k . 4 2 2
5) cos 2x 3 cos x 2 0. ĐS: S k2 ;
k2 , k . 3 3 3
6) 4 cos 2x 5 sin x 1. ĐS: k2 ;
arcsin k2 ;
arcsin k2. 2 8 8 2
7) 5 tan x 2 cot x 3 0.
ĐS: S k ; arctan k , k . 4 5 8) 2
1 cos 4x 2 sin x 0.
ĐS: S k ; k , k . 2 6 5 k 9) 2
sin 8x 3 sin 4x cos 4x 0. ĐS: S , k . 2 16 4
Ñeà reøn luyeän veà nhaø soá 02
Giải các phương trình lượng giác sau: 5 1) 2
2 sin x 3 sin x 1 0.
ĐS: S k2 ; k2 ; k2. 2 6 6 2) 2
3 cot x 2 3 cotx 1 0. ĐS: x k , (k ) . 3 7 3) 2
4 sin x 3 2(1 sin x) tan x. ĐS: x
k2 x k2 , (k ) . 6 6 5
4) cos 2x 4 cos x 0. ĐS: x k2 , (k ) . 2 3 1 2 5 5) 2 tan x 0. ĐS: x k2 , (k ) . 2 cos x 2 3 1 6)
3 sin x cos x
ĐS: x k x k , (k ) . cos x 3 x 2 7) 2
cos 2x 3 cos x 4 cos ĐS: x k2 , (k ) . 2 3 1 1 8) 2 sin x sin x ĐS: x k2 , (k ) . 2 sin x sin x 2
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Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
Daïng toaùn 2. Phöông trình löôïng giaùc baäc nhaát ñoái vôùi sin vaø cos (pt coå ñieån)
Dạng tổng quát: a sin x b cos x c ( )
, a, b \ {0 } .
Điều kiện có nghiệm của phương trình: 2 2 2
a b c , (kiểm tra trước khi giải) Phương pháp giải: a b c Chia 2 vế 2 2
a b 0, thì ( ) sin x cos x ( ) 2 2 2 2 2 2 a b a b a b a b Giả sử: cos , sin
, 0;2 thì: 2 2 2 2 a b a b c c ( )
sin x cos cos x sin sin(x ) : dạng cơ bản. 2 2 2 2 a b a b
sina cosb cosa sinb sin(a b)
Lưu ý. Hai công thức sử dụng nhiều nhất là:
cosa cosb sina sinb cos(a b)
Các dạng có cách giải tương tự: 2 2
a b cosnx 2 2 . a sinmx . b cosmx , (a b 0) PP 2 2 2 2
a b sinnx
Chia : a b . 2 2 2 2 . a sinmx . b cosmx .
c sinnx d.cosn ,
x (a b c d )
Nhóm 1. Dạng cơ bản a sin X b cos X . c
61. Giải: sin x 3 cos x 3.
62. Giải: sin x 3 cos x 1. Điều kiện có nghiệm:
.............................................................................. 2 2 2 2 2
a b 1 ( 3) 4 ( 3) : đúng.
.............................................................................. Chia 2 vế cho 2 2
a b 2 thì
.............................................................................. 1 3 3
.............................................................................. phương trình sin x cos x 2 2 2
.............................................................................. 3
sin x cos cosx sin
.............................................................................. 3 3 2
.............................................................................. sin x sin
.............................................................................. 3 3
..............................................................................
x k2
x k2
.............................................................................. 3 3 5 4 x k2 x k2
.............................................................................. 3 3 3
.............................................................................. 5
Kết luận: S k 2 ; k2 , k . ...... 3 S k k k Đáp số: 2 ; 2 , 6 2
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TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
63. Giải: 3 sin x cos x 1.
64. Giải: 3 cos x sin x 2.
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............................................................................. .............................................................................. 5 ĐS: S k2 ;
k2 , k . S k2 ; k2 , k . ....... ĐS: ...... 3 12 12
65. Giải: 3 sin 2x cos 2x 2.
66. Giải: 3 sin 3x cos 3x 2.
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5 k2 11 k2 ĐS: S k ; k , k . S ; , k . ......... ĐS: . 24 24 36 3 36 3
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ÑEÀ CÖÔNG HOÏC TAÄP LÔÙP 11
TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
67. Giải: 3 sin x sin x 2. x x 68. Giải: sin 2 3 sin( 2 ) 1. 2 2
Áp dụng công thức sin cos
thì Áp dụng công thức sin cos và 2 2
phương trình đã cho trở thành: sin( )
sin thì phương trình trở thành
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k .
ĐS: S k ; k , k . ...................... ......................... 6 3
69. Giải: 3 sin x
sin x 2. x x 70. Giải: 3 sin sin 2. 4 4 3 6
.............................................................................. Nhận xét: 4 4 2 4 2 4
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.............................................................................. PT 3 sin x sin x 2 4 2 4
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ĐS: S k2 ; k2 , k .
...... ĐS: S k2 , k
. ............................ 6 3 3
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TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020 71.
3 cos2x sin2x 2 sin 2 x 2 2 x x x 72. 2 3 sin cos 3 sin 2 3 6 3
Chia 2 vế cho 2 thì phương trình trở thành
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............................................................................. .............................................................................. 5 2 ĐS: S k , k .
S k2 ; k2 , k .
........................... ĐS: ....... 24 3 3
73. sin 3x cosx 3 cos2x 3 cos 3x sinx
74. cos7x cos5x 3 sin2x 1 sin7x sin5 . x
(sin3x cosx cos3x sinx) 3 cos2x 3 ..............................................................................
sin 2x 3 cos 2x 3
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ĐS: S k ; k , k . S k k k ............. ĐS: ; , . ................... 3 2 3
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TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020 2 2
a sin x b cos x a b sin( x
) Nhóm 2. Dạng , ( 2 2
a b 0) 2 2
a sin x b cos x a b cos( x
)
75. Giải: 3 sin x cos x 2 sin
76. Giải: sin x 3 cos x 2 sin x 12 6 Chia 2 vế cho 2 2
a b 2 phương trình trở .............................................................................. 3 1
.............................................................................. thành
sin x cos x sin 2 2 12
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.............................................................................. .............................................................................. 3 ĐS: S k2 ; k2 , k .
S k k ... ĐS: ,
. .............................. 12 4 4
77. Giải: sin 3x 3 cos 3x 2 sin 2x.
78. Giải: cos x 3 sin x 2 cos 3x.
.............................................................................. Phương trình 2 cos 3x cos x 3 sin x
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ĐS: S k2 ; , k . ....... ĐS: S k ; , k . ........... 3 15 5 6 12 2
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Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
Nhóm 3. Dạng a sin( mx) b cos( mx) c sin(nx) d cos( nx) 2 2 2 2
a b c d 0
79. cos 2x 3 sin 2x 3 sin x cos x. 80.
3(cos 2x sin 3x) sin 2x cos 3x. 1 3 3 1
.............................................................................. cos 2x sin 2x sin x cosx 2 2 2 2
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............................................................................. .............................................................................. 2 k2 k2 ĐS: x
k2 x , k .
... ĐS: x k2 x ..... 3 3 6 10 5
81. cos 3x sin x 3(cos x sin 3x).
82. sin 8x cos 6x 3(sin 6x cos 8x).
PT cos 3x 3 sin 3x 3 cos x sin x
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............................................................................. .............................................................................. k k ĐS: x
k x , (k ) . ĐS: x
k x , (k ) . 12 8 2 4 12 7
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Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
Ñeà reøn luyeän veà nhaø soá 03
Câu 1. Giải các phương trình lượng giác sau: 5
a) sin x 3 cos x 2. ĐS: x k2 , k . 6 2 6 53 5 59
b) cos 7x 3 sin 7x 2, x ; x x x ĐS: 5 7 84 12 84 k
c) 2 cos 3x 3 sin x cos x 0. ĐS: x , k . 3 2 k k
d) 2 sin 17x 3 cos 5x sin 5x 0. ĐS: x x 66 11 9 6 5 7 k2
e) ( 3 1)sin x ( 3 1)cos x 2 2 sin 2x. ĐS: x
k2 x 12 36 3 k f)
sin 8x cos 6x 3(sin 6x cos 8x). ĐS: x
k x 4 12 7 5 g)
3 cos 2x sin 2x 2 sin 2 x 2 2. x k , k . ĐS: 6 24
Câu 2. Tìm tham số m để phương trình m cos 2x (m 1)sin 2x m 2 có nghiệm.
2 cos x sin x 1
Câu 3. Tìm giá trị lớn nhất và nhỏ nhất của hàm số y
2 sin x cos x
Ñeà reøn luyeän veà nhaø soá 04
Câu 1. Giải các phương trình lượng giác sau: 7 a) sin
2x 3 sin( 2x) 1. x
k2 x k2 . ĐS: 2 6 6
b) cos x 3 sin x 2 cos x .
x k k 3 ĐS: , ( ). k2
c) sin x cos x 2 2 sin x cos x. ĐS: x
k2 x 4 4 3 1 3 9 1 3 5 2 5 d) cos x sin x x
k2 x k2 . ĐS: 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 6 1 cos 2x k e) 1 cot 2x ĐS: x , k . 2 sin 2x 3 2 f) 2
3 2 cos x(sin 2x cos 2x tan x) 3 cos 2x. ĐS: x k x k , k . 6 k k g) 3 3
4 sin x cos 3x 4 cos x sin 3x 3 3 cos 4x 3. ĐS: x x 24 2 8 2
Câu 2. Tìm tham số m để phương trình sin x 5 cos x 1 (
m 2 sin x) có nghiệm.
3 cos x 2 sin x 1
Câu 3. Tìm giá trị lớn nhất và nhỏ nhất của hàm số y 2 sin x
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Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
Daïng toaùn 3. Phöông trình löôïng giaùc ñaúng caáp Dạng tổng quát: 2 2 a.sin X .
b sin X cos X c.cos X d (1) , a , b , c d .
Dấu hiệu nhận dạng: Đồng bậc hoặc lệch nhau hai bậc của hàm sin hoặc cosin (tan
và cotan được xem là bậc 0). Phương pháp giải: c os X 0
Bước 1. Kiểm tra X k 2
có phải là nghiệm hay không ? 2 s in X 1 c os X 0 Bước 2. Khi X k , (k ) 2 . Chia hai vế (1) cho 2 cos X : 2 s in X 1 2 2 sin X sin X cos X cos X d (1) a b c 2 2 2 2 cos X cos X cos X cos X 2 2
a tan X b tan X c d(1 tan X)
Bước 3. Đặt t tan X để đưa về phương trình bậc hai theo ẩn t x.
Lưu ý. Giải tương tự đối với phương trình đẳng cấp bậc ba và bậc bốn.
Nhóm 1. Đẳng cấp bậc hai 83. Giải 2 2
2 cos x 4 sin x cos x 4 sin x 1. 84. 2 2
2 cos x 3 3 sin 2x 4 sin x 4. c osx 0
.............................................................................. Với x k ,
k . 2 2 s in x 1
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Phương trình trở thành 4 1 : sai loại.
..............................................................................
.............................................................................. Với x k , chia 2 vế cho 2 cos x 0 2
.............................................................................. Phương trình trở thành:
.............................................................................. 2 2 cos x sin x cos x sin x 1
.............................................................................. 2 4 4 2 2 2 2 cos x cos x cos x cos x
.............................................................................. 2 2
2 4 tan x 4 tan x 1 tan x
.............................................................................. 2
5 tan x 4 tan x 1 0
.............................................................................. tanx 1 x k
.............................................................................. 4 . 1
.............................................................................. tan x x arctan 5 k 5
.............................................................................. 1 S k ; arctan k , k
Đáp số: S k ; k , k . ...... . 4 2 6 5
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TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020 85. 2 2
4 cos x 3 sin x cosx sin x 3. 86. 2 2
2 sin x 3 3 sin x cos x cos x 2.
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ĐS: S k ; arctan k
ĐS: S k ; k , k . ............. . ......... 4 4 2 6 87. Giải: 2 2
sin x 2 cos x 3 sin x cos x. 88. Giải: 2
sin x 3 sin x cos x 1 .
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ĐS: S k ;
arctan 2 k , k .
S k ;
arctan k , k . .... ĐS: 4 4 2
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ÑEÀ CÖÔNG HOÏC TAÄP LÔÙP 11
TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
Nhóm 2. Đẳng cấp bậc ba, bậc bốn
89. Giải phương trình: 3
cos x 2 sin x.
90. Giải phương trình: 3
sin x 2 cos x. c osx 0
.............................................................................. Với x k 3 thì phương 2 s in x 1
.............................................................................. trình đã cho trở thành 3 0 2.1 : sai.
.............................................................................. Với x k ,
chia 2 vế của phương trình .............................................................................. 2
.............................................................................. cho 3
cos x 0 thì phương trình trở thành: 3 cos x 1 sin x
.............................................................................. 2 2 3 cos x cos x cos x
.............................................................................. 2 3
1 tan x 2 tan x
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............................................................................. .............................................................................. ĐS: x k , k .
.................................. ĐS: x k , k .
.................................. 4 4 91. Giải: 3 3
cos x sin x sin x cos x. 92. Giải: 3
7 cos x 4 cos x 4 sin 2x.
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ĐS: S k , k .
S k k k
.............................. ĐS: ; 2 , . ....... 2 2 3
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TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020 93. 3 2 3
cos x 2 sin x cos x 3 sin x 0. 94. 3
6 sin x 2 cos x 5 sin 2x cos x.
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ĐS: S k , k .
S k k
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. .............................. 4 4 95. 3 2 3
cos x 3 cos x sin x sin x 4 sin x. 96. 3 3 2
4 sin x 3 cos x 3 sin x sin x cos x.
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.............................................................................. .............................................................................. ĐS: S k ; k , k .
S k k k ...... ĐS: ; , . ......... 4 6 4 6
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TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020 97. 3 3 2 2
sin x 3cos x sinxcos x 3sin x cos . x 98. 4 2 2 4
3 cos x 4 sin x cos x sin x 0.
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............................................................................. .............................................................................. ĐS: S k ; k , k . S k k k ..... ĐS: ; , . ..... 4 3 4 3 99. 2 2
tanx sin x 2sin x 3(cos2x sinx cosx). 100. 2 sin (
x tanx 1) 3sin (
x cosx sinx) 3.
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Điều kiện: cos x 0 x k , k . 2
.............................................................................. Chia hai vế cho 2
cos x 0, ta được:
.............................................................................. 2 2 2 2 sin x sin x cos x sin x sinx cosx
.............................................................................. tanx 2 3 2 2 2 2 cos x cos x cos x cos x
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TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
Ñeà reøn luyeän veà nhaø soá 05
Câu 1. Giải các phương trình lượng giác sau: 5 a) 2 2
4 3 sin x cos x 4 cos x 2 sin x ĐS: x
k x k , k . 2 4 8 b) 2 2
25 sin x 15 sin 2x 9 cos x 25. ĐS: x k ,
x arctan k . 2 15 c) 2 2
2 sin x 3 3 sin x cos x cos x 2. ĐS: x
k x k . 2 6 d) 3
7 cosx 4 cos x 4 sin 2x. ĐS: x
k x k2 . 2 3 e) 3 2 3
cos x 2 sin x cos x 3 sin x 0. ĐS: x k , k . 4 f) 4 2 2 4
3 cos x 4 sin x cos x sin x 0. ĐS: x
k x k . 4 3
Câu 2. Tìm tham số m để phương trình 2 2
3 sin x m sin 2x 4 cos x 0 có nghiệm.
Câu 3. Tìm giá trị lớn nhất và nhỏ nhất của hàm số 2 2
y 3 sin x 4 sin x cosx 5 cos x 2.
Ñeà reøn luyeän veà nhaø soá 06
Câu 1. Giải các phương trình lượng giác sau: a) 2 2
sin x 2 cos x 3 sin x cos x. ĐS: x k ;
x arctan 2 k . 4 b) 2 2
2 sin x sin x cosx cos x 2. ĐS: x k ;
x arctan(3) k . 2 1 c) 2
sin x 3 sin x cos x 1 . ĐS: x k ;
x arctan k . 4 2 d) 3
4 sin x 3 2 sin 2x 8 sin x.
ĐS: x k ;
x k2 , k . 4 e) 3 3 2 2
sin x 3 cos x sin x cos x 3 sin x cos x. ĐS: x k ;
x k . 4 3 1 f) 3 2
cos x sin x 3 sin x cosx 0. ĐS: x k ; x arctan k . 4 2 k 1 1 k g) 4 4 2
4 sin x 4 cos x 5 sin 2x cos2x cos 2x 6. ĐS: x ;x arctan 8 2 2 5 2 h) 2
sin x(1 tan x) 3 3 sin x(cos x sin x). ĐS: x k ;
x k . 4 3
Câu 2. Tìm m để phương trình 2 2
sin x (2m 2) sin x cos x (1 m) cos x m có nghiệm.
Câu 3. Tìm giá trị lớn nhất và nhỏ nhất của hàm số 2 y
3 sin 2x 2 cos x 3 .
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TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
Daïng toaùn 4. Phöông trình löôïng giaùc ñoái xöùng
Dạng 1. a (sin x cos x) b sin x cos x c 0 (dạng tổng/hiệu – tích) PP Đặt 2
t sin x cos x, t [ 2; 2] t và viết sin x cos x theo t.
Lưu ý, khi đặt t sin x cos x thì điều kiện là: 0 t 2 . Dạng 2. 2 2
a (tan x cot x) b (tan x cotx) c 0 PP Đặt 2
t tan x cotx, t 2 t và biểu diễn 2 2
tan x cot x theo t và 2
lúc này thường sử dụng: tan x cotx 1, tan x cot x sin 2x
101. Giải: sin x cos x 2 sin 2x 1 0.
102. Giải: sin x cos x sin x cos x 1.
Đặt sin x cos x t thì t [ 2; 2].
.............................................................................. 2 2
(sin x cos x) t
.............................................................................. 2 2 2
sin x 2 sin x cos x cos x t
.............................................................................. 2 2
1 sin 2x t sin 2x 1 t .
.............................................................................. Phương trình trở thành: 2
t 2(1 t ) 1 0 .............................................................................. t 1 (N) 2
.............................................................................. 2t t 3 0 . t 1,5 (L)
.............................................................................. Với t 1
sin x cosx 1
.............................................................................. 2 2 sin x 1 sin x
.............................................................................. 4 4 2
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ĐS: x k2 x k2 , k . ..........
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103. Giải 2(sin x cos x ) sin x cos x 1. 104. Giải: sin 2x 2 2(sin x cos x) 5.
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ĐS: x k2 x k2 , k .
.......... ĐS: x k2 , k .
........................... 2 4
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TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
105. Giải: 5 sin 2x 12 12(sin x cos x).
106. Giải: sin x cos x 6(sin x cosx 1).
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ĐS: S k 2 ; k2 , k .
S k k k
.................. ĐS: 2 ; 2 , . ..... 2 2
107. Giải: cos x sin x cos x sin x 1.
108. Giải: cos x sin x 3 sin 2x 1.
Đặt sin x cos x t thì t [0; 2].
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.............................................................................. 2 Suy ra 2
sin x cos x t
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.............................................................................. .............................................................................. k ĐS: S , k . S k k k
...................................... ĐS: 2 ; 2 ; 2 . .... 2 2
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Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
109. Giải phương trình: 2 2
tan x cot x (tan x cotx) 2 0. sin x 0 k Điều kiện:
2 sin x cos x 0 sin 2x 0 2x k x (k ) . cos x 0 2
Đặt tan x cot x t thì t 2. Suy ra: 2 2
(tan x cotx) t 2 2 2 2 2 2
tan x 2 tan x cotx cot x t tan x cot x t 2. t 0
Khi đó phương trình trở thành 2 2
t 2 t 2 0 t t 0 . t 1 k
Với t 0 tan x cotx 0 tan x cotx tan x x , (k ) . 2 4 2 1 Với 2
t 1 tan x cotx 1 tan x
1 tan x tan x 1 0 tan x 1 5 1 5 tan x x arctan k , (k ) . 2 2 k 1 5
Kết luận: Tập nghiệm của phương trình là S ; arctan k , k . 4 2 2
110. Giải phương trình: 2 2
3 tan x 4 tan x 4 cotx 3 cot x 2 0.
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Đáp số: S k , k .
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Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
111. Giải phương trình: 2 2
tan x cot x 2(tan x cot x) 6 0.
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Đáp số: S k ; k ; k , k .
................................................................. 4 12 12
112. Giải phương trình: 2 2
2 tan x 3 tan x 2 cot x 3 cotx 2 0.
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Đáp số: S k , k .
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Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020 2
113. Giải phương trình: 2
2 tan x 5 tan x 5 cotx 4 0. 2 sin x 1 Áp dụng công thức 2
1 cot x thì phương trình trở thành: 2 sin x 2 2
2(1 cot x) 2 tan x 5(tan x cotx) 4 0
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Đáp số: x k , (k )
. ........................................................................................................ 4 1 5
114. Giải phương trình: 2
cot x (tan x cotx) 2 0. 2 cos x 2
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Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020 1 1
115. Giải phương trình: 2 tan x
2 cotx 8 0. 2 2 cos x sin x
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Đáp số: x
k x arctan(2 3) k , (k )
. .................................................... 4
116. Giải phương trình: 2 3 2 3
tan x tan x tan x cotx cot x cot x 6.
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TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
Ñeà reøn luyeän veà nhaø soá 07
Giải các phương trình lượng giác sau: 1)
2(sin x cosx) 1 sin x cos x.
ĐS: x k2 x k2 , k . 2 3
2) 4 sin x cos x 1 cos x sin x.
ĐS: x k2 x k2 , k . 2 3)
cos x sin x 6 sin x cos x 1.
ĐS: x k2 ; k2 ; x k2 . 2 k
4) cos x sin x cos x sin x 1. ĐS: x , k . 2 7 5) 2 2
tan x cot x 2 tan x 2 cotx 6.
ĐS: x k ;
x k ; x k . 4 12 12 2 6) 2
2 cot x 5(tan x cotx) 4 0. ĐS: x k , k . 2 cos x 4 7) 3 3
sin x cos x 2(sin x cos x) 1.
ĐS: x k2 x k2 , k . 2
8) 3(tan x cotx) 2(2 sin 2x). ĐS: x k , (k ) . 4 9) 3
2 sin x cos 2x cos x 0.
ĐS: x k2 x k , k . 4
Ñeà reøn luyeän veà nhaø soá 08
Giải các phương trình lượng giác sau:
1) sin x cos x sin x cos x 1 0.
ĐS: x k2 x k2 , k . 2
2) 5 sin 2x 12 12(sin x cos x).
ĐS: x k2 x k2 , k . 2 k 3)
sin x cosx 8 sin x cos x 1. ĐS: x , k . 2 1 1 3 4)
(tan x cotx) 1. ĐS: x k , k . 2 2 cos x sin x 2 4
5) (1 cosx)(1 sin x) 2.
ĐS: x k2 x k2 , k . 2 6) 2 2
(1 sin x)cos x (1 cos x)sin x 1 sin 2x. ĐS: x k ; x k2 ;
x k2 . 4 2 7) 2 2
2cos2x sin x cosx sinx cos x 2(sinx cosx). ĐS: x k ; x k2 ;
x k2 . 4 2 8) 3 3
cos x sin x 1.
ĐS: x k2 x / 2 k2 . 3 9) 3 3
cos x sin x cos 2x.
ĐS: x k ; x k2 ; x k2 . 4 2
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Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
Daïng toaùn 5. Moät soá daïng khaùc
Nhóm 1. Phương trình dạng: m. sin 2x n. cos 2x .
p sin x q.cos x r 0 2 2
cos x sin x (1)
Ta luôn viết sin 2x 2 sin x cos x, còn: 2 cos2x 2 cos x 1 (2) 2 1 2 sin x (3)
Nếu thiếu sin 2x , ta sẽ biến đổi cos 2x theo (1) và lúc này thường sẽ đưa được về dạng: 2 2
A B (A B)(A B) 0. Nếu theo (2) được: 2
sin x.(2m.cos x p) (2n.cos x q.cos x r n) 0
và (i) theo (3) được: 2
cos x(2m.sin x q) (2n.sin x .
p sin x r n) 0.
Khi đó ta (ii)
sẽ phân tích (i), (ii) thành nhân tử dựa vào: 2
at bt c a(t t )(t t ) với 1 2
t , t là hai nghiệm của 2
at bt c 0 để xác định lượng nhân tử chung. 1 2
117. Giải: cos 2x 3 cos x sin x 2 0.
118. Giải: 5 cos 2x 2 cosx.(3 2 tan x). 2 2
cos x sin x 3 cos x sin x 2 0
.............................................................................. 3 9 1 1 2 2
cos x 2 cosx sin x 2 sinx .............................................................................. 2 4 2 4
.............................................................................. 2 2 3 1 cos x sin x
.............................................................................. 2 2
.............................................................................. 3 1
cosx sin x
.............................................................................. 2 2 3 1 cos x sin x
.............................................................................. 2 2
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cosx sinx 1
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cos x sin x 2
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.............................................................................. .............................................................................. ĐS: x / 2 k2 ,
x k2 , k .
..... ĐS: x k2 , k .
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ÑEÀ CÖÔNG HOÏC TAÄP LÔÙP 11
TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
119. 3 sin x cos x 2 cos 2x sin 2x.
120. sin 2x cos 2x 3 sin x cos x 1. Nếu sử dụng 2
cos 2x 2 cos x 1 thì sẽ nhóm ..............................................................................
bậc hai theo cos và ghép sin x với sin 2x, có:
.............................................................................. 2 2
cos x cosx 3 (1 cosx)(2 cosx 3)
.............................................................................. 3
sinx sin2x sinx(3 2cosx)
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Không có nhân tử nên sử dụng công thức .............................................................................. 2
cos 2x 1 2 sin x và có lời giải:
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Phương trình đã cho tương đương 2
3 sin x cos x 2 (1 2 sin x) sin 2x
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(2 sin x 3 sinx 1) cosx 2sinx cosx
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(sinx 1)(2 sin x 1) cosx(1 2 sinx) ..............................................................................
(2 sin x 1)(sin x cosx 1) 0
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............................................................................. .............................................................................. 7 3 5 ĐS: k2 ; k2 ; k2 ; k2.
ĐS: S k2 ; k2 , k . ....... 6 6 2 6 6
121. sin 2x 2 cos 2x 1 sin x 4 cos x.
122. 2 sin 2x cos 2x 7 sin x 2 cos x 4.
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................................ ĐS: x k2 , x k2 , k . ..... 3 6 6
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TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
123. sin 2x cos 2x 3 cos x 2 sin x.
124. sin2x 3 cos2x 3(sinx 3) 7cosx.
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x k2 , x k2 .
ĐS: x k2 , k .
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125. 5 cos x sin x 3 2 sin 2 x . x x x 126. 2 sin 2 sin 3 cos 2. 4 4
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............................. ĐS: x k2 ,
x k2 , k . .... 3 2
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TRUNG TÂM THẾ VINH – 45 LÊ THÚC HOẠCH – Q. TÂN PHÚ
Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
Nhóm 2: Phương trình có chứa (
R ..., tan X, cotX, sin 2X, cos 2X, tan 2X,...), sao cho cung
của sin, cos gấp đôi cung của tan hoặc cotan. Lúc đó đặt t tan X và sẽ biến đổi: sin X 2 tan X 2t 2
sin 2X 2 sin X cos X 2 cos X 2 2 cos X 1 tan X 1 t 2 2 1 1 tan X 1 t 2
cos 2X 2 cos X 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 tan X 1 tan X 1 t 2 sin 2X 2t 1 t tan 2X và cot2X 2 cos 2X 1 t 2t
Từ đó thu được phương trình bậc 2 hoặc bậc cao theo t, giải ra sẽ tìm được t x.
Lưu ý. Trong một số trường hợp, ta có thể giải bằng cách đưa về phương trình tích số.
127. Giải (1 tan x )(1 sin 2x) 1 tan x. 128. Giải phương trình: sin 2x 2 tan x 3.
Điều kiện: cos x 0 x k , k .
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Đặt tan x t sin 2x 2 1 t
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Phương trình đã cho trở thành:
.............................................................................. 2t t 1
.............................................................................. (1 t) 1 1 t . 2 1 t t 0
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129. Giải phương trình cos 2x tan x 1.
130. Giải phương trình 1 3 tan x 2 sin 2x
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ĐS: x k x /4 k , k .
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Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020 x x
131. Giải phương trình: cos x tan 1.
132. Giải phương trình: 1 cos x tan 2 2 x Điều kiện: cos
0 x k2 .
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.............................................................................. 2 x 1 t Đặt tan
t cosx
.............................................................................. 2 2 1 t
.............................................................................. Phương trình trở thành:
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ĐS: x k2 x k2 , k .
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133. Giải: cotx tan x 4 sin 2x
134. Giải 2 tanx cot2x 2 sin 2x sin 2x sin 2x
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. ........................... 3 3
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Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020 t an(x )
a tan(b x) 1 khi a b k tana tanb
Nhóm 3: Áp dụng 2 tan(a ) b hay 1tana tanb c ot(x )
a cot(b x) 1 khi a b k 2
135. Giải phương trình: tan x tan x
sin 3x sin x sin 2x. 3 6 cos x 0 3 x k x k k Điều kiện: 3 2 6 x , k . 2 6 2 cos x 0 x k x k 6 6 2 3 Có: tan x tan x tan
x tan x
cot x tan x 1. 3 6 2 6 6 6 6
Khi đó phương trình trở thành sin 3x sin x sin 2x (sin 3x sin x) sin 2x 0
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Kết luận: Tập nghiệm của phương trình là x , x
k2 với k . 2 3 7
136. Giải phương trình: 4 4
sin x cos x cot x
cot x. 8 3 6
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Đáp số: x , k .
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Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
137. Giải phương trình: 3 3
sin x cos x cos 2x tan x tan x . 4 4
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Đáp số: x
k2 x k2 , k .
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138. Giải phương trình: 4 4 4
sin 2x cos 2x cos 4x tan x tan x. 4 4
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Đáp số: x , k .
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Nhóm 4. Đặt số đo cung phức tạp để đưa về phương trình quen thuộc
139. Giải phương trình: 3 tan x
tan x 1. 4 cosx 0 x k x k Điều kiện: 2 2 (k ) . cos x 0 3 4 x k x k 4 2 4 tana tanb
Đặt t x
x t và áp dụng công thức tan(a b) thì 4 4 1 tana. tanb tant 1 phương trình trở thành 3 3 tan t tan t
1 tan t 1 4 1 tant 4 3
tan t tan t 2 tant 0 3 2
tant.(tan t tan t 2) 0
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Kết luận: Tập nghiệm của phương trình là x k ,
x k với k .
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140. Giải phương trình: 3 8 cos x cos 3x. 3
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Đáp số: x k ,
x k , k .
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Môn: Toán, Năm học: 2019 – 2020
Ñeà reøn luyeän veà nhaø soá 09
Giải các phương trình lượng giác sau:
1) sin 2x cos 2x 3 sin x cos x 2. ĐS: x k2 ;
x k2 . 2
2) (1 tan x)(1 sin 2x) 1 tan x.
ĐS: x k x k , k . 4 4 4
sin 2x cos 2x k 3) 4 cos 4x. x k ĐS: , . 2 tan x tan x 4 4 4) 3 2 sin x
2 sin x. x k k ĐS: , . 4 4 sin 3x sin 5x 2 5)
ĐS: x k x arccos k2 . 3 5 3 6) 2 2
4 cos x 3 tan x 2 3 tan x 4 4 3 cos x. ĐS: x k2 , k . 6 1 7) 2
sin 2x 2 sin 2x
2 tan x 1 0. ĐS: x k , k . 2 cos x 4
Ñeà reøn luyeän veà nhaø soá 10
Giải các phương trình lượng giác sau: 5
1) sin 2x cos 2x 3 sin x cos x 1 0. ĐS: x k2 ; x k2 . 6 6 1
2) 2 tan x cot x 2 sin 2x ĐS: x k , k . sin 2x 3 3 3
sin x sin 3x cos x cos 3x 1 3) x k k ĐS: , . 8 6 tan x tan x 6 3 3 4) 3 sin x
2 sin x. x k , k . ĐS: 4 4 5) 3 2 2 cos x
3 cos x sin x 0. x
k x k ĐS: . 4 4 2 6) 2 2
2 sin x 3 tan x 6 tan x 4 2 2 sin x. ĐS: x k2 , k . 4 2 7) 2
8 cos 4x cos 2x 1 cos 3x 1 0. ĐS: x k2 , k . 3
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