Thi Phoneotics - Some ideals for someone who need - Tài liệu tham khảo môn Tiếng Anh(TA8 ISW) | Đại học Hoa Sen
Thi Phoneotics - Some ideals for someone who need - Tài liệu tham khảo môn Tiếng Anh(TA8 ISW) | Đại học Hoa Sen được sưu tầm và soạn thảo dưới dạng file PDF để gửi tới các bạn sinh viên cùng tham khảo, ôn tập đầy đủ kiến thức, chuẩn bị cho các buổi học thật tốt. Mời bạn đọc đón xem
Preview text:
1. The nature of syllable : syllables are usually described as consisting of a centre which has little or
no obstruction to airflow and which sounds relatively loud. Before and after this centre, there
will be greater obstruction to airflow and/or less loud sound.
The structure of ONSET and CODA :
2. The stress pattern of the compound adjective ‘blond-haired’ : The first syllable
3. Which English sounds are always weak and never stressed when appearing in syllables or words? /u/, /i/, /shwa/
4. What are function words and content words : Content = information, meaning
Function = necessary words for grammar
Which tend to be weakened in spoken English? : Function
5. These words are simple and compound nouns: jonquil, protest, record, roof timber, teacup,
produce (or alike). Where is the primary stress possibly placed on those words: jonquil, protest,
record, roof timber, teacup (first syllable), produce (second syllable).
6. These words are verbs: menace, festoon, detest, protect, produce, desert (or alike). Where is
the primary stress possibly placed on those words: menace, desert (first syllable) festoon,
detest, protect, produce (second syllable).
7. What is a simple word? What is a complex word? What is a compound word?
A complex word is defined as a base word combined with a derivational element, such as an affix or a suffix.
A compound word is a combination of two simple words. Differing from the complex word, the
compound word does not acquire its definition from the addition of affixes. In the case of
compound words, the union of the two simple words bring out an altogether different meaning
than the words do in their original form.
Words that are formed from a single root, comprising of a single morpheme, nothing added to it, are Simple words. Example: Tree, Man, Book.
Words that have an affix attached to the simple root, or morpheme, are Complex words.
Example: Classify, Publisher, Bookish.
Words that are formed by joining two or more morphemes are referred to as Compound words.
Example: Classroom, Treetop, Grasshopper.
8. What are TWO main reasons for learning about English weak forms?
There are two main reasons: first, most native speakers of English find an "all-strong form"
pronunciation unnatural and foreign-sounding, something that most learners would wish to
avoid. Second, speakers who are not familiar with the use of weak forms are likely to have
difficulty understanding speakers who do use weak forms; since practically all native speakers of
British English use them, learners of the language need to learn about these weak forms to help
them to understand what they hear.
9. What is stress-timed rhythm? Stress-timed rhythm implies that stressed syllables will tend to
occur at relatively regular intervals.
10. What is sound linking? Linking is the merging of different words together until they sound like they're just one word.
Linking /w/? linking /j/? Virginia. The end of the news. He opened the door. To open the box.
Formula A https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WOPisMt81mk&ab_channel=%23teachingisfun
11. What is sound elision? Elison is the eliding of a sound that would otherwise be present. It is
particularly characteristic of a rapid or casual speech. It is not random, but follows certain rules,
which differ from 1 language to another. Why does it happen in English consonant clusters?
Easier to understand those heavily affected utterances by native speakers, and also to sound a
bit more natural in your own pronunciation. (give me: g mi, friendly: fr ɪ nli, must be: m ɛ sbi, ʌ didn’t he: d dnthi or d ɪ dni) ɪ
12. What is sound assimilation? How many types? Examples?
Assimilation is a type of coarticulation. It is the alteration of a speech sound to make it more
similar to its neighbours. In English it mainly affects place of articulation. 4 types. Ex: slide
13. What are FIVE popular intonation tones of English? What does each tone aim to express?
a `fall’: finality, definiteness
a `level’: something routine, uninteresting, boring, listing
a `rise’: general questions, listing & more to follow, encouraging
a `fall-rise’: uncertainty, doubt, requesting
a `rise-fall’: surprise, being impressed, happy, unhappy
14. Difference between voiced and voiceless consonants That is the vibration of the vocal cords.
(they can be brought together. When the air-stream is forced between them, they vibrate and
produce voice. When they are apart, the airflow passages between them freely they don’t vibrate and produce no sound.
– Voiceless: vocal cords are not vibrated. Examples: /p/, /f/, /s/, /∫/, /θ/, /t∫/, /k/, /h/,..
– Voiced: vocal cords are vibrated. Examples: /v/, /b/, /d/, /z/, /dδ/, /g/, /l/, /r/, /m/,..
15. Why does the word better have the syllable boundary like this /bet.@/ but not like this /be.t@/?
The maximal onsets principle tells us to put the t on the right-hand syllable, giving be., but that
means that the first syllable is analysed as be. However, we never find isolated syllables ending
with one of the vowels I, e a, , o u, so this division is not possibl ơ e. We can then analyse the
word as bet .a, which seems more satisfactory.
16. When placed in the phrase ‘a blond-haired girl’, its stress pattern becomes / blQnd-he@d/.
What is this called: Variable stress 17.