Vocabulary - Grammar - Excerise

lOMoARc PSD|36242669
VOCABULARY - GRAMMAR - EXCERISE UNIT 2: CITY LIFE I. VOCABULARY Từ mới Phiên âm Định nghĩa 1. a 昀昀 ordable (adj) /əˈfɔːdəbl/ : (giá cả) phải chăng 2. ancient (adj) /ˈeɪnʃənt/ : cổ kính 3. asset (n) /ˈæset/ : tài sản 4. catastrophic (adj) /ˌkætəˈstrɒfɪk/ : thảm khốc, thê thảm 5. cheer (sb) up /tʃɪə(r)/ : làm ai đó vui lên (ph.v) 6. conduct (v) /kənˈdʌkt/ : thực hiện 7. conflict (n) /ˈkɒnflɪkt/ : xung đột 8. determine (v) /dɪˈtɜːmɪn/ : xác định 9. downtown (adj) /ˌdaʊnˈtaʊn/ : (thuộc) trung tâm thành phố, khu thương mại 10.drawback (n) /ˈdrɔː.bæk/ : mặt hạn chế 11.dweller (n) /ˈdwelə/
: cư dân (một khu vực cụ thể) 12.easy-going (adj) /ˈiːzi-ˈɡəʊɪŋ/ : thoải mái, dễ tính 13.grow up (ph.v) /ɡrəʊ ʌp/
: lớn lên, trưởng thành 14.fabulous (adj) /ˈfæbjələs/
: tuyệt vời, tuyệt diệu 15.factor (n) /ˈfæktə/ : yếu tố 16.feature (n) /ˈ昀椀ːtʃə(r)/ : điểm đặc trưng 17.forbidden (adj) /fəˈbɪdn/ : bị cấm 18.for the time being /fə(r) ðə taɪm
: hiện thời, trong lúc này ˈbiːɪŋ/ 19.indicator (n) /ˈɪndɪkeɪtə/ : chỉ số 20.index (n) /ˈɪndeks/ : chỉ số lOMoARc PSD|36242669 21.jet lag
: sự mệt mỏi do lệch múi giờ 22.make progess /meɪkˈprəʊ.ɡres/ : tiến bộ 23.medium-sized /ˈmiːdiəm-saɪzd/ : cỡ vừa, cỡ trung (adj) 24.metro (n) /ˈmetrəʊ/ : tàu điện ngầm 25.metropolitan (adj) /ˌmetrəˈpɒlɪtən/
: (thuộc về) đô thị, thủ phủ 26.multicultural (adj) /ˌmʌltiˈkʌltʃərəl/ : đa văn hóa 27.negative (adj) /ˈneɡətɪv/ : tiêu cực 28.Oceania (n) /ˌəʊsiˈɑːniə/ : châu Đại Dương 29.populous (adj) /ˈpɒpjələs/ : đông dân cư 30.packed (adj) /pækt/ : chật ních người 31.put on (ph.v) /ˈpʊt ɒn/ : mặc vào 32.recreational (adj) /ˌrekriˈeɪʃənəl/ : giải trí 33.reliable (adj) /rɪˈlaɪəbl/ : đáng tin cậy 34.resident (n) /ˈrezɪdənt/ : dân cư 35.skyscraper (n) /ˈskaɪskreɪpə/ : nhà cao chọc trời 36.stuck (adj) /stʌk/
: mắc ket, không di chuyển đươc 37.urban (adj) /ˈɜːbən/
: (thuộc) đô thị, thành thị 38.urban sprawl /ˈɜːbən sprɔːl/ : sự đô thị hóa 39.variety (n) /vəˈraɪəti/ : sự phong phú, đa dạng 40.wander (v) /ˈwɒndə/ : đi lang thang
II. GRAMMARa những t A. COMPARISION lOMoARc PSD|36242669
I. EQUALITY (SO SÁNH BẰNG)
As + adjectives/ adverb + as
Not as/so + adjectives/ adverb + as
Ex: I am as tall as my brother.
He cannot run so/ as fast as his friends.
• As much/ many + (noun) as được dùng để nói về số lượng.
Ex: I have not read as many books as my teacher advises me.
John does not earn as much money as his wife does.
• Cấu trúc the same + (noun) as cũng có thể được dùng.
Ex: Lauras salary is the same as mine.
Lauras gets the name salary as me.
II. COMPARATIVE (SO SÁNH HƠN)
1. So sánh nhiều hơn
• Thêm -er vào sau tính từ/trạng từ có một âm tiết (short adjective/ adverb) và
tính từ có hai âm tiết tận cùng bận “y, et, le, er, ow”
• Thêm more vào trước tính từ/trạng từ có 2 âm tiết trở lên (long adjective/
adverb), ngoại trừ các từ tận cùng bằng “y, et, le, er, ow”
Short adjectives/ adverb + ER + than
MORE + long adjective/ adverb + than
Ex: Country life is simpler than city life.
John works harder than his brother. lOMoARc PSD|36242669
Gold is more expensive than silver.
Jane speaks French more fluently than Mary.
• Với danh từ: more + noun + than
Ex: I have more books than Peter does 2. So sánh ít hơn
LESS + adjective + than
Ex: This picture is less valuable than that one
Với danh từ: less + noun + than
Ex: I have less free time than I used to.
III. SUPERLATIVE (SO SÁNH NHẤT)
1. So sánh nhiều nhất
• Thêm -est vào sau tính từ/ trạng tư ngắn (short adjective/ adverb) và tính từ
có hai âm tiết tận cùng bằng “y, et, er, ow”
• Thêm most vào trước tính từ/ trạng từ dài (long adjective/ adverb)
The + short adjective/ adverb + EST
The MOST + long adjective/ adverb
Ex: Tom is the tallest in our class.
Which watch is the most expensive in your shop? lOMoARc PSD|36242669
• So sánh nhất được sử dụng khi so sánh từ ba đối tượng trở lên. Khi trong
nhóm có hai đối tượng thì ta sử dụng so sánh hơn.
Ex: I like Betty and Matt but I think Matt is the nicer of the two 2. So sánh ít nhất The least + adjective
Ex: This hotel is the least comfortable of the three
LƯU Ý: “much, far, a lot” được dùng để nhấn mạnh so sánh hơn.
Trong hình thức so sánh, tính từ ngắn thường đứng trước tính từ dài.
Ex: My car is faster and more comfortable than hers.
Hình thức so sánh bất quy tắc: good/well better the best bad/badly worse the worst many/much more the most little less the least far farther/further the farthest/ the furthest B. PHRASAL VERBS
take o 昀昀: cởi bỏ, cất cánh grow up: lớn lên
show (some body) around: đưa ai đi dạo pull down: kéo sập
turn o 昀昀: tắt go over: kiểm
tra go on with: tiếp tụch từ lOMoARc PSD|36242669
1. set up: khởi nghiệp, xây dựng sự nghiệp
16. bring out: = publish: xuất bản
2. bring out: xuất bản, phát hành 17. Look through: nhìn
18. Keep up with = stay equal with: 3. look through: đọc theo kịp
4. keep up with: bắt kịp với
19. Run out of = short of: cạn kiệt, hết 5. run out of: hết
20. Pass down: phá sản, phá vỡ 6. pass down: chuyển giao
21. Live on: sống nhờ vào
7. close down: đóng cửa, dừng (kinh doanh) 22. Deal with: giải quyết
8. get on with: thân thiết với
23. Look over: xem xét, kiểm tra
9. turn down: phản đối, từ chối 24: face up to (with) = deal with: đồng ý, đối mặt 10. set off: khởi hành
25. Turn down: phản đối, từ chối 11. pass down: chuyển giao
26. split up: vỡ ra, tách ra
12. turn up: xuất hiện, đến 27. rustle up: vội vàng, hối hả 13. work out: kết thúc
28. tuck into: ăn ngon lành
14. take over: đảm đương, đảm nhận 15: find out: tìm thông tin
C. MUCH, A LOT, A BIT, A LITTLE và trạng từ: Ôn tập)
Bạn có thể sử dụng much, a lot, a bit và a little với hình thức so sánh của tính từ để
diễn tả sự khác nhau lớn thế nào.
Ex: His girlfriend is much older than him.
Bạn gái của cậu ấy lớn tuổi hơn cậu ta nhiều.
I got up a little later than usual.
Tôi thức dậy trễ hơn thường ngày một chút. lOMoARc PSD|36242669
I’m feeling a lot better today.
Hôm nay tôi thấy khỏe hơn nhiều. III. EXERCISE
Read the passage and 昀椀 ll in each blank with the correct form of the verbs from the box. brought however shaping materials works blow imported performing fear representin g
Marble Mountains is a group of 昀椀 ve smaller mountains (1) _________ Metal,
Wood, Water, Fire and Earth. It is also a travel itinerary linking Da Nang City to the
ancient town of Hoi An and Hue City. As the name suggests the Marble Mountains
used to be a place providing input (2) _________for craftsmen in the village, but the
local government banned marble exploitation (3)_________ that the 昀椀 ve mountains could disappear.
Most of the marble for the village now comes from northern provinces such as Ninh
Binh, Thanh Hoa and Thai Nguyen. As a further step to diversify products, the marble
昀椀 ne arts village has (4) _________ marble from Pakistan.
As far as I know, the man who (5) _________ marble craftsmanship to the region
came from Thanh Hoa, and most craftsmen in the village had handed down the craft
from generation to generation. There are some 3,000 handicraft workers in Non
Nuoc village. (6) _________, there are only 70 skillful craftsmen who can
(7)_________ souls into marble sculptures after other workers have 昀椀 nished (8) _________ the Products.
In the shops along the highway, you can see di 昀昀 erent marble products in all
shapes and sizes, from contemporary (9) lOMoARc PSD|36242669
_________ to religious sculptures. And of course you will have a chance to see
craftsmen (10)_________ their art and turning soulless marble into sophisticated sculpture products.
Choose the best one (A, B, C or D) to complete the sentence. 1. Villagers are more
kind, friendly and warm-hearted than city________________.
A. dwellers B. foreigners C. beginners D. movers
2. You can see the ________________ of the suburbs in Ho Chi Minh City with many
apartment buildings, supermarkets, shopping centres, and schools. A. urban area B. convenience
C. urban sprawl D. living condition
3. Dong Khoi Street is the main shopping street in the
________________ of downtown in Ho Chi Minh City. A. mind B. heart C. head D. spot
4. It is considered that life in a city is wonderful and ________________. A. funny B. boring C. enjoyable D. helpful
5. My passport ________________ last month, so I will have to get a new one.
A. elapsed B. expired C. ended D. terminated
6. The department is also deeply ________________ in various improvement schemes.
A. connected B. entailedC. involved D. implied
Choose the best answers A. B, C or D
1. You’re not a safe driver! You should drive……………………………
A. careful (cẩn thận) B careless (bất cẩn) C. more carefully D. most carefully
2. Their children have all grown ……………………….and left home for the city to work.
A. up B. out C. out of D. inside lOMoARc PSD|36242669
3. She lives in one of the ………………….. parts of the city. There are lots of luxury shops there.
A. fashionable B historic C. comfortable D. boring
4. You should take your hat………………………………… in the cinema. A. in B. over C. on D. o 昀昀
5. Let’s take this road. It is………………………….way to the city.
A. the shortest B. a shortest C. the shorter D. both A&B EXCERSICES I.
Complete the following sentences with correct form of the adjectives in brackets.
1. Hanoi is much (populous)…more populous…………than my hometown.
2. The city center is (densely)…more densely………...populated than the suburbs.
3. You can count on Peter. He is (reliable)…more reliable………. than he appears to be.
4. This singer performs (well)……better…… than she used to be three years ago.
5. This year we travel (far)………further……... than we did last year.
6. I noticed that today my daughter looked (happy)…… happier……...than usual
7. As people get old, they try to maintain a (healthy)…healthier……. lifestyle than when they are young.
8. Travelling by bus is much (slow)……slower…… than travelling by bullet train.
9. Jim didn’t feel well today, so he performed (badly)……worse……. than usual.
10. You are (good)………better………than me when it comes to public speaking. lOMoARc PSD|36242669
Short adjectives/ adverb + ER + than
MORE + long adjective/ adverb + than II.
Circle the correct answer.
S (chủ từ)+ tobe (am/is/are) + adv (trạng từ) + adj(tính từ) + N(danh từ)
Adverb (trạng từ) = Adj (tính từ) + ly
1. Jim boasted that he could run (faster/fastlier) than anyone else in his class.
2. Her presentation is (poorer/more poorly) prepared than I expected.
3. Jim seems to care (littler/less) about his health than he should.
4. If you had tried (harder/more hardly), you would have passed the test.
5. Today the sun shines (brighter/more brightly) than yesterday.
6. Snowstorm in my hometown is (more severe/ more severely) than anywhere else in the country.
7. I think you could reach a (higher/more highly) position in the company if you tried.
8. If you behaved (clevered/more cleverly), they would look up to you.
Look up dictionary: Tra từ điển Look up: ngưỡng mộ
9. Although my computer is old – fashioned, it runs
(smoother/more smoothly) than many of the mordern ones.
10. Thanks to immense practice, Jim can speak English much (more 昀氀
uent/more 昀氀 uently) than he used to. III.
Complete the sentence using superlative form of the adjectives. lOMoARc PSD|36242669
The + short adjective/ adverb + EST
The MOST + long adjective/ adverb
Tính từ có 1 âm tiết tính từ ngắn er (so sánh hơn), est (so sánh nhất)
Tuy nhiên, 1 số có từ 2 âm tiết nhưng có đuôi phía sau là
“y, et, le, er, ow” Tính từ ngắn đuôi er (ssh)/ est (ssn)
Beauty short adj beautier
1. Josh is the second (intelligent)…most intelligent…………… student in class.
2. If only the tra 昀케 c in my hometown was (convenient)…more
convenient………. than it is now.
3. Hanoi is amongst (polluted)…the most polluted ……. city in the world.
4. I wish that my house was (spacious)……more spacious……….
5. By far, I have ever seemed this (stunning)…the most stunning………. scene.
6. He seems to be (tall)……the tallest……amongst (trong số) the children at his age.
7. You did a quite good job yesterday but I expected (mong chờ) you to be
(good)……better……. You got me down a little bit.
8. This must be (inspiring)………the most inspiring……. speech of yours. Everyone
in the room clapped their hands in delight.
9. Admittedly, I anticipate a (good)…better …… performance of yours. You didn’t
prepare well of this, did you?
10. This is not (expensive)…the most expensive…………. car in the showroom.
There are many other cars at higher cost.