Bài tập 1 môn ngữ âm - âm vị học | Đại học Sư phạm Sư phạm Hà Nội 2

1.When he arrived home, John went to sleep.

→ he is cataphoric reference. He refers to John.

2.           I went out with Jo on Sunday. She looked awful.

→ She is anaphoric reference. She refers to Jo.

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lOMoARcPSD| 44990377
1.When he arrived home, John went to sleep.
→ he is cataphoric reference. He refers to John.
2. I went out with Jo on Sunday. She looked awful.
→ She is anaphoric reference. She refers to Jo.
3. Peter left because he was tired.
→ He is anaphoric reference. He refers to Peter.
4. I can't believe it. We won!
5. A large grey cat was lying on the stairs, and I had to step over it.
→ anaphoric reference. It refers to A large grey cat.
lOMoARcPSD| 44990377
6. If you want some, here's some strawberry ice-cream.
→ cataphoric reference. Some refers to strawberry ice-cream.
7. After he had received his orders, the soldier left the barracks.
→ he and his are cataphoric reference. He refers to the solder.
8. If you want them, there are cookies in the kitchen.
→ cataphoric reference. Them refers to cokies.
9. Look at that.
→ exophoric reference. That refers something that both of speaker and
listener know about.
10. I should have known it: The task is simply too difÏcult.
→ cataphoric reference. It refers to the task is simply too difÏcult.
11. Once upon a time there was an old woman who had a lazy son. She was
forever scolding him, but it made no difference - he spent all his time
lying in the sunshine, ignoring her. His main job was to look after her
goats, but he preferred to sleep in the sun.
→ anaphoric reference. She, her refer to old woman. He, him, his refer to lazy
son. It refers to She was forever scolding him.
12. Mary went to California because Susan did.
13. He may be late. If so we shall miss the bus.
→ exophoric reference. He refers someone whom both of speaker and listener
know about.
14. This is what I believe that all men were created equal.
→ cataphoric reference. This refers to all men were created equal.
15. Tom may arrive this morning. If so, I'll be very happy.
→ exophoric reference. Tom refers to someone whom speakers know about.
16. No one wanted to admit that he might be wrong.
→ exophoric reference. He refers to someone whom speakers know about.
17. If you can find it, I would recommend buying the 1977 Vishnevskaya
recording.
lOMoARcPSD| 44990377
→ cataphoric reference. It refers to the 1977 Vishnevskaya recording.
18. I've got a pet goldfish, and my brother's got one too.
→ anaphoric reference. One refers to pet goldfish.
19. Yesterday he was mugged. Fortunately, such things are rarein his life.
20. Benjamin was much more anxious than Lewis, but in the end they both
enjoyed the flight.
→ anaphoric reference. "They" refers to Benjamin and Lewis.
21. Some careless drivers backed into our car. Such people made me mad.
→ anaphoric reference. Such People refers to Some careless drivers.
22. You must remember this: A kiss is just a kiss; a sigh is just asigh.
→ this is cataphoric reference. This refers to A kiss is just a kiss; a sigh is just a
sigh.
23. Did the gardener water those plants?
→ Exophoric reference
24. Benjamin, an elderly farmer, was very poor.
→ anaphoric reference. An elder famer refers to Benjamin.
25. Benjamin, who was an elderly farmer, was afraid of flying.
→ anaphoric reference. who refers to Benjamin.
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lOMoAR cPSD| 44990377 lOMoAR cPSD| 44990377 lOMoAR cPSD| 44990377 lOMoAR cPSD| 44990377 lOMoAR cPSD| 44990377 lOMoAR cPSD| 44990377
1.When he arrived home, John went to sleep.
→ he is cataphoric reference. He refers to John.
2. I went out with Jo on Sunday. She looked awful.
→ She is anaphoric reference. She refers to Jo.
3. Peter left because he was tired.
→ He is anaphoric reference. He refers to Peter.
4. I can't believe it. We won!
5. A large grey cat was lying on the stairs, and I had to step over it.
→ anaphoric reference. It refers to A large grey cat. lOMoAR cPSD| 44990377
6. If you want some, here's some strawberry ice-cream.
→ cataphoric reference. Some refers to strawberry ice-cream.
7. After he had received his orders, the soldier left the barracks.
→ he and his are cataphoric reference. He refers to the solder.
8. If you want them, there are cookies in the kitchen.
→ cataphoric reference. Them refers to cokies. 9. Look at that.
→ exophoric reference. That refers something that both of speaker and listener know about.
10. I should have known it: The task is simply too difÏcult.
→ cataphoric reference. It refers to the task is simply too difÏcult.
11. Once upon a time there was an old woman who had a lazy son. She was
forever scolding him, but it made no difference - he spent all his time
lying in the sunshine, ignoring her. His main job was to look after her
goats, but he preferred to sleep in the sun.
→ anaphoric reference. She, her refer to old woman. He, him, his refer to lazy
son. It refers to She was forever scolding him.
12. Mary went to California because Susan did.
13. He may be late. If so we shall miss the bus.
→ exophoric reference. He refers someone whom both of speaker and listener know about.
14. This is what I believe that all men were created equal.
→ cataphoric reference. This refers to all men were created equal.
15. Tom may arrive this morning. If so, I'll be very happy.
→ exophoric reference. Tom refers to someone whom speakers know about.
16. No one wanted to admit that he might be wrong.
→ exophoric reference. He refers to someone whom speakers know about.
17. If you can find it, I would recommend buying the 1977 Vishnevskaya recording. lOMoAR cPSD| 44990377
→ cataphoric reference. It refers to the 1977 Vishnevskaya recording.
18. I've got a pet goldfish, and my brother's got one too.
→ anaphoric reference. One refers to pet goldfish.
19. Yesterday he was mugged. Fortunately, such things are rarein his life.
20. Benjamin was much more anxious than Lewis, but in the end they both enjoyed the flight.
→ anaphoric reference. "They" refers to Benjamin and Lewis.
21. Some careless drivers backed into our car. Such people made me mad.
→ anaphoric reference. Such People refers to Some careless drivers.
22. You must remember this: A kiss is just a kiss; a sigh is just asigh.
→ this is cataphoric reference. This refers to A kiss is just a kiss; a sigh is just a sigh.
23. Did the gardener water those plants? → Exophoric reference
24. Benjamin, an elderly farmer, was very poor.
→ anaphoric reference. An elder famer refers to Benjamin.
25. Benjamin, who was an elderly farmer, was afraid of flying.
→ anaphoric reference. who refers to Benjamin.