Ngữ pháp tiếng anh bài 20 Conditional Sentences- Tài liệu tham khảo | Đại học Hoa Sen

KHÓA LUYỆN THI TOEIC C – ô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG
NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH TÓM LƯỢC – BÀI 20
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES & WISH CLAUSES Types IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE 1A IF + S + V
+ ......( diễn tả chân lí) 1/S/ES + ......, S + V1/S/ES 1B
IF + S + V1/S/ES + ......,
S + WILL/CAN,MAY,MUST,SHOULD,OUGHT TO + V0 + ......
IF + S + WERE / V2/ED + ......, 2
S + WOULD/ COULD/MIGHT + V0 + ......
WERE+ S + to inf…..(đảo ngữ)
IF + S + HAD V3/ED + ......, 3
S + WOULD/ COULD/MIGHT + HAVE + V3 /ED + ......
HAD + S + V3/ED + ......,(đảo ngữ) Notes:
1/ If + S + V(simple present) , Imperative (mệnh lệnh) Ex:If you g t
o o the post office, please mail this letter for me.
2/ Imperative (mệnh lệnh) + or + S + V(simple future).
Ex: Prepare the lesson carefully or you will get a bad mark.
= If you don't prepare the lesson carefully, you will get a bad mark.
3/ If + S + V(simple present) , S + V(simple present)
→ diễn tả một sự thật hiển nhiên (If=When=Whenever)
Ex: If you mix blue and yellow, you get green 4.
If ....... not = Unless ( nếu không,trừ phi)
1) IF + Mệnh đề khẳng định = UNLESS + Mệnh đề phủ định
2) IF + Mệnh đề phủ định = UNLESS + Mệnh đề khẳng định
Ex: If you don't hurry, you'll be late for school.
=> Unless you hurry, you'll be late for school.
5. As long as/ So long as/ Provided (that)/ Providing (that)/ On condition that + Clause ( Miễn là/ với điều kiện)
Ex: As long as you drive carefully, you can use my car.
= If you drive carefully, you can use my car.
6/ The variation of the If-clause: (Biến thể của mệnh đề If clause II)
If + S + V(past continuous), S + would/ could/ might + bare inf
Eg: If you were driving from London to Glasgow, which way would you go?
7/ The variation of the main clause: (Biến thể của mệnh đề chính)
If + S + V(past subjunctive/ simple past), S + would/ could/ might + be + V-ing Eg: I a not m
on holiday; I am not touring Italy.
→ If I were / was on holiday, I would be touring Italy .
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KHÓA LUYỆN THI TOEIC C – ô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG
8/ The variation of the main clause: (Biến thể của mệnh đề chính)
If + S + had + PP , S + would/ could/ might + have + been + V-ing
Eg: Mr.Pike's son was there; that's why I wasn't sitting in front.
→If Mr.Pike's son hadn't been there, I would have been sitting in front.
9/ The variation of the If-clause: (Biến thể của mệnh đề If clause III)
If + S + had + been + V-ing , S + would/ could/ might + have + PP
Eg: I was wearing a seat belt, so I didn't have a bad accident.
=> If I hadn't been wearing a seat belt, I would have had a bad accident.
10/ Câu điều kiện pha trộn: Loại III + Loại II E :
g He isn't a rich man now because he didn't take my advice.
→If he had taken my advice, he would be a rich man now. EXERCISES
1. Unless he………………….. more, he won’t get much commission. A) sell B) sells C) sold D) selling
2. If I ................... you $10, when ………………………. me? A) lend/ would you repay B) lend/ will you repay C) lent/ will you repay
D) lend/ would you have repaid
3. If he………………. hard today, ....................................... a holiday tomorrow? A) worked/ can he have B) work/ he can have C) works/ can he have D) had worked/ he can have
4. Ice………………… into water unless you heat it. A) don’t turn B) doesn’t turn C) would turn D) would have turned
5. If you………………… this one, I’ll bring you another. A) doesn’t like B) will not like C) don’t like D) didn’t like
6. Unless you ................ more careful, you………………… an accident. A) are/ will have B) were/ will have C) had been/ would have D) be/ have
7. If I tell you a secret, ………………. you promise not to tell it to anyone else? A) would B) did C) will D) have
8. If you…………………….. what I say, ask your mother. A) not believe B) not to believe C) didn’t believe D) don’t believe
9. Unless I .............. a quiet room, I………………not be able to do any work. A) had/ will B) have/ will
C) has/ would have D) had had/ would have
10. She ..................not open the door unless she………………… who it was. A) will/ knew B) will/ knows C) would/ knew D) does/ knows
11. If I .............. a typewriter now, I……………….………. this contract by myself. A) have/ would type B) have/ will type C) had/ would type D) had had/ would have typed
12. Unless I…………….……. his address, I’d give it to you.
A) didn’t know/ will give B) don’t know/ would have given C) knew/ would give D) know/ will give
13. He…………………………. a lot better if he ...................... more often years back. A) would have looked/ shaved B) will look/ shaved C) looks/ shave
D) would have looked/ had shaved
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KHÓA LUYỆN THI TOEIC C – ô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG
14. If you……………… for lower stakes, you ................................. so much. A) plays/ would lose B pl ) ay/ will have been losing C) played/ won’t lose
D) had played/ wouldn’t have lost
15. Unless he worked more slowly, he………………....... so many mistakes. A) would make B) will make C) wouldn’t make D) won’t make
Bài tập thêm có đáp án:
16. I wouldn’t drink that wine if I……………… you. A) were B) am C) had been D) be
17. More tourists ……………. to this country unless it……… a better climate. A) would come/ had B) wouldn’t come/ had
C) wouldn’t come/ didn’t have D) would come/ didn’t have
18. If you ……………. your car into the river, you………………… able to get out. A) drive/ weren’t
B) drove/ wouldn’t be C) drove/ will be D) drive/ wouldn’t be
19. If you………………….to a union, you couldn’t get a job. A) don’t belong B) are belonging C) had belong D) didn’t belong
20. What ………………….. if you found a burglar in your house? A) do you do B) you do C) would you do D) you would do
21. He might get fat unless he………………… smoking. A) kept on B) stopped C) accepted D) addicted
22. If you……………………. someone drowning what would you do? A) see B) seen C) had seen D) saw
23. She………………. ruined if I bought her everything she asked for. A) were B) will be C) would have been D) would be
24. I …………………… a job easily if I………..……. a degree. A) could get/ have B) can get/ had C) could get/ had D) can get/ had had
25. The whole machine …………………. into pieces if you………. that screw quickly. A) felt/ remove B) will fall/ removed C) would fall/ removed D) would fall/ remove
26. I’d go and see him more often if he……………….. on a bus route. A) lives B) lived C) had lived D) living
27. What would you have done if the lift……… struck between two floors at that time. A) had got B) got C) gets D) getting
28. If you knew you had only six weeks to live, how ………………. such a short span? A) did you spend
B) will you spend C) would you spend D) would you have spend
29. I’d climb over the wall if there…………..so much broken glass on top of it. A) were B) had been C) are D) is
30. If I had known that you were in hospital, I…………………….. you. A) will visit
B) would have visited C) visit D) don’t visit
31. You would have seen my garden at its best if you……………… here last week. A) were B) are C) had been D) be
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32. I shouldn’t have believed it if I…………………… it with my own eyes. A) had seen B) saw C) hadn’t seen D) didn’t see
33. If I………………. a map, I …………………………….. the way to the Post Office. A) had had/ would have lost
B) had had/ wouldn’t have lost C) had/ won’t lose D) have/ wouldn’t have
34. If I…………………. that you were coming, I’d have baked a cake. A) know B) knew C) had known D) didn’t know
35. Had you left that wasp alone, it………………… you. A) would have stung B) wouldn’t sting C) wouldn’t have stung D) would sting
Had you left = If you had left Đây là trường hợp đảo ngữ các em nhé.
36. Unless I ……………that the traffic lights were red, I……………..…………...
A) had realized/ would have stopped
B) had realized/ wouldn’t have stopped C) realized/ would stop D) realize/ will not stop
37. If you ……… me that he had never paid his debts, I………………… him the money.
A) had told/ wouldn’t have lent
B) had told/ wouldn’t have been lent C) tell/ will not lend D) told/ would lend
38. If you………………, he wouldn’t have known that we were there. A) didn’t sneeze B) won’t sneezed C) doesn’t sneeze D) hadn’t sneezed
39. If you……............ some mustard in the sandwiches, they would have tasted better. A) put B) puts C) had put D) putting
40. The hens………………………. into the house if you had shut the door. A) couldn’t get
B) couldn’t have got C) will not get D) doesn’t get
41. Had he known that the river was dangerous, he……................. to swim across it. A) would have tried B) would try C) will not try
D) wouldn’t have tried
42. ……………..………. more slowly, he might have understood you. A) Had you spoken B) Did you speak C) If you speak D) If you spoke
43. If he had known the whole story, he……………….....so angry. A) would have been
B) wouldn’t have been C) wouldn’t be D) would be
44. If you hadn’t been in such a hurry, you…………… sugar into the sauce instead of salt. A) will not put B) would put C) wouldn’t have put D) put
45. If I…………….. ready when he called, he would have taken me with him. A) were B) be C) am D) had been
46. Unless you…................ at the engine for a moment, you would have seen what was missing. A) hadn’t looked B) didn’t look C) look D) looked
47. She……………………..or she may be late for the morning class. A) hurries B) hurried C) doesn’t hurry D) didn’t hurry
48. If I……………………….. again, I think that I would have won in the game. A) tried B) hadn’t tried C) had tried D) didn’t try
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KHÓA LUYỆN THI TOEIC C – ô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG
49. Tell him to ring me at 6:00 p.m. if you…………….………. him. A) saw B) see C) sees D) had seen
50. Water……………………… downhill if there .......... gravity. A) will run/ is not B) wouldn’t run/ weren’t C) wouldn’t run/ were D) will run/ had been
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