Report 2: Culturing & Mating Drosophila Melanogaster | Môn Genetics Laboratory - Trường Đại học Quốc tế, Đại học Quốc gia Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh

lOMoAR cPSD| 58562220 REPORT
EXPERIMENT 3: CULTURING AND EXPERIMENTAL
MATING OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER Group: 1 Section: 3 Date: 14/03/2024 Group members: Seq. Full name Student ID % Contribution Score (Total = 100%) 1 Đoàn Ngọc Duy Thư BTBTIU22329 25% 2 Nguyễn Lê Thanh Phương BTBTIU22300 25% 3 Đặng Mỹ Đình BTBTIU22025 25% 4 Nguyễn Phúc Hải Quỳnh BTBTWE21111 25% TOTAL SCORE: COMMENT: I. INTRODUCTION:
Drosophila Melanogaster is a universal species, due to its numerous favourable traits, appropriate
with the criterion as an experimental model, such as its short life cycle, ease of culture, high
reproduction rate, and the small number of chromosomes, fruit flies have been employed extensively in genetic research.
In today’s experiment, we will learn to discern fruit fly nutrition, with the objectives of distinguishing
between female and male fruit flies, as well as elucidating the various developmental stages of observed organisms. II. PROCEDURE: 1. Materials: lOMoAR cPSD| 58562220 - Test tube - Culture tube
- Ripe fruit (banana, apple, …) - Forceps - Petri dish - Sterile cotton
- Stereo dissecting microscope - Sterile tissue - Diethyl ether papers - Funnel - Cotton mesh 2. Procedure: a. Culturing Flies:
1. Place a ripe banana into a single-opening plastic bag.
2. Wait until fruit flies are attracted to it.
3. Once fruit flies are present inside the bag, insert a straw into the bag’s opening and tightly secure it shut.
4. Allow the fruit flies to remain in the bag for 1 to 2 weeks. b. Handling Flies:
1. Spoon some ether onto a cotton swab inside the funnel that sits atop the etherizer flask.
2. To get the flies to descend, lightly tap the culture tube's base with the palm of your hand.
3. Take the tube out of the plug and quickly turn it over the funnel.
4. Once the flies have ceased to move, expose them to ether for one to two minutes.
Overetherization is going to sleep the flies.
5. Put the etherized flies into a petri dish that is dry.
6. Utilising a dissecting microscope and an overhead light source, examine the flies. Using
a small paintbrush, move the flies around in the petri dish.
7. Depending on their gender, divide the flies into two groups.
8. One female and one male flies should be carefully placed into the culture tube after the
stopper has been removed and the tube is kept horizontal.
9. Turning the tube vertically would cause the flies to come into contact with the moist
medium, soaking their wings and making it impossible for them to fly out. Instead, wait
until the flies have recovered.
10. For a minimum of one week, keep the tubes in a cool place.
11. Look inside the tube to find different stages of the Drosophila life cycle. Third-
instarlarvae will be used for practical 6. III. RESULTS
1. Morphological characteristics of observed female flies: Characteristics Female Figure Overall size Large Size of abdomen Large (distention with maturing eggs) lOMoAR cPSD| 58562220 Shape of abdomen Broad Genitalia Pointed tip
Colour of tip of abdomen Two segments: A lighter band on the top of a darker band. Number of abdominal 7 segments visible Antenna Slightly darker than the surrounding cuticle. Composed of three main segments: The scape, the pedicel, and the flagellum.
2. Morphological characteristics of observed male flies: Characteristics Male Figure Overall size Generally smaller
Left: Female. Right: Male. lOMoAR cPSD| 58562220 Size of abdomen Smaller, hunched Shape of abdomen
Round and narrow, fewer stripes with
black pigments on the abdomen’s round end Genitalia
Dark, rounded tip with the penis Colour of tip of the Black abdomen Number of abdominal 5 segments visible Sex comb
10 darker colour, short, curved bristles on 2 front legs. lOMoAR cPSD| 58562220 Antenna Visible
3. Distinguish morphological states and differences characteristics of observed
female and male fruit flies:
Both fruit flies we observed are adults. Adult fruit flies are typically small, ranging in size from
2-3 mm. There may be noticeable variations between males and females in terms of size, colour,
or other physical traits.Body size and shape, particularly in the abdomen, can be used to detect sexual dimorphism. CHARACTERISTICS MALE FEMALE Overall size Smaller Larger Size of abdomen Smaller Larger (distention with maturing eggs) Shape of abdomen Narrower Broader Genitalia Rounded tip Pointed tip
Colour of tip of abdomen Solid black dorsally Not that Penis Little, black patch on the Absent abdomen's ventral tip. This causes the dorsal black region to appear completely black at the tip of the abdomen. Number of abdominal 5 7 segments visible Sex comb 10 dark, short, curved Absent bristle on the front legs IV. DISCUSSION:
Identify fruit fly food
- Because Drosophila Melanogaster is a universal species, so their food is also easily to find, it will
be divided into two environments:
1. Natural habitats: Ripe fruits, Vegetables, and Yeast. lOMoAR cPSD| 58562220
2. Laboratory environments: Agar, Sugar, Yeast, and Cornmeal. V. CONCLUSION:
In conclusion, the culturing and experimental mating of Drosophila melanogaster has provided
invaluable insights into various aspects of genetics, evolution, and behaviour. Through careful
maintenance of Drosophila colonies, we have been able to study the inheritance patterns of traits
and the effects of genetic mutations. This research will undoubtedly continue to contribute to
scientific advancements, shaping our knowledge of the biological world and its intricate mechanisms.