lOMoARcPSD| 39099223
REVISION FOR THEORY OF TRANSLATION
PART A. Choose the best option
Unit 1: INTRODUCTION TO TRANSLATION 1.
Translation is rendering the _______ of a text into another language in the way that the author intended the text. A. source B. target C. meaning D. term 2.
In translation the form of the _____ language is replaced by the form of the receptor language. A. source B. target C. meaning D. term 3.
Translating consists of reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of
the _______ language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. A. source B. target C. meaning D. term 4.
In Vietnamese, however, __________ is expressed in an isolated word as “những/các”. A. discovery
B. constancy C. plurality D. effectiveness 5.
The word “lamb” means a(n)________ sheep. A. old B. young C. male D. female 6.
The word “runs” in “The river runs” can be translated as _____________. A. chạy B. chảy
C. điều hành D. hoạt động 7.
_________ language is the language of the text that is to be or has been translated A. Source B. Target C. Receptor D. Translation 8.
Translation is the process of conveying messages across linguistic and cultural ________
A. barriers B. messages C. sources D. materials 9.
“The doctor’s office” means __________________.
A. the office is part of the doctor
B. the doctor works in an office C. the office has the
doctor D. the doctor is related to the office
10. “The man’s eye” means __________________.
A. the eye owns the man B. the man owns an eye C. the eye is part of the man
D. the man is related to the eye
11. Translation is the expression in another language (or target language) of what has been
expressed in another, source language, preserving semantic and _________ equivalences. A. pragmatic B. historic C. systematic D. stylistic lOMoARcPSD| 39099223
12. Four main stages to be followed by translators are the _____ of meaning, the discovery of
meaning, the _____ of meaning, and the re-expression of meaning of the source into the target.
A. analysis/ concern B. transfer/ analysis C. concern/ analysis D. analysis/ transfer
13. Which is NOT true? “My house” may mean “_____________”.
A. the house I built B. the house I rent C. the house I saw D. the house I live in
14. “Jane, why don’t you clean the floor?” may function as a __________ rather than a question.
A. question B. command C. sentence D. clause
15. A single meaning may be expressed in a variety of __________. A. nouns B. use C. source D. forms
Unit 2: KINDS OF TRANSLATION
16. In “John found the book on mathematics”, preposition “on” refers to _________ A. the place
B. the time C. the topic D. the promotion
17. _________ translation is mainly meaning-based. A. Word-for-word B. Literal C. Free D. Faithful
18. A(n) _________ translation does not communicate the meaning of the source text. A. idiomatic B. literal C. secondary D. figurative
19. My wife delivered a baby boy yesterday. The underlined word can be translated as _____ A. phát B. giao C. giữ D. sanh
20. He is cold-hearted. The underlined word can be translated as __________.
A. lạnh tim B. máu lạnh C. nóng lạnh D. cô đơn
21. English has many nouns which really refer to actions while Vietnamese prefers to express
actions as __________ rather than nouns A. nouns B. verbs C. adjectives D. pronouns
22. If one is translating into Vietnamese, the pronoun “you” will have to indicate a difference in
gender, age and ___________ in comparison with the speaker. A. function B. target C. number D. reason
23. In “John was stopped by a log across the road”, preposition “by” refers to _________ A. the place
B. the agent C. the topic D. the promotion
24. ________ is the “freest” form of translation. It is used mainly for plays and poetry A. Word-for-word B. Literal C. Adaptation D. Faithful
25. Vietnamese people tend to use _________ constructions to express their ideas whereas English
people prefer to use _________ constructions. lOMoARcPSD| 39099223
A. active/ passive B. passive/ active C. active/ active D. passive/ passive
UNIT 3: STEPS IN A TRANSLATION PROJECT
26. There are some matters people need to concern before they involve in a translation project.
These can be summarized under four Ts: the text, the target, the team, and the _______. A. tools B. tendency C. tasks D. transport
27. The _______ refers to the document in the source language which needs to be translated. A. tool B. text C. task D. target
28. The _______ refers to the audience for whom the translation is prepared. A. tool B. text C. task D. target
29. After a careful _______ of the source language text, the translator begins drafting piece by piece
keeping his target audience in mind.
A. analysis B. approach C. transfer D. detail
30. In the _______ of the source text, the translator needs to resolve the ambiguity, identify
implicit information, study key words and interpret figurative senses.
A. analysis B. approach C. transfer D. detail
31. After ________ is done carefully, there will need to be a revised draft made on the basis of the feedback received. A. omission
B. evaluation C. revision D. preparation
32. ________ are also interested in training and helping the translator improve and learn to make more adequate translations. A. Consultants B. Translators C. Co-workers D. Learners
33. Before the translator prepares the final draft, decisions about _______, including pictures, size
of print need to be discussed with the whole translation team. A. function B. content C. format D. version
34. _______ refers to the process of discovering the meaning of the source language text which is to be translated. A. Establishing B. Initial draft C. Exegesis D. Evaluation
35. The purpose of evaluation in translation is threefold to get accuracy, clearness, and _______. A. omission B. semantics C. carefulness D. naturalness
36. _________ refers to the process of discovering the meaning of the source language text which is to be translated. A. Establishing B. Initial draft C. Exegesis D. Evaluation lOMoARcPSD| 39099223
37. The purpose of evaluation in translation is threefold to get accuracy, clearness, and ________. A. omission B. semantics C. carefulness D. naturalness
UNIT 4: STRATEGIES FOR TRANSLATORS
38. The strategy for translating “It is raining cats and dogs” can be related to _________
A. non-equivalence at lexical level
B. idioms and fixed expressions C. voice, number and person D. proper names
39. Translators need strategy for translating ________ in “Oil Price to Rise?” A. voice, number and person B. non-subject sentences
C. non-equivalence at lexical level D. newspaper headlines
40. The strategy for translating the underlined part in the sentence “She is my old friend.” can be related to _________. A. voice, number and person B. non-subject sentences
C. non-equivalence at lexical level D. newspaper headlines
41. The strategy for translating the underlined part in the sentence “She has just been recruited by
Coca Cola.” can be related to _________.
A. non-equivalence at lexical level
B. idioms and fixed expressions C. voice, number and person D. proper names
42. Translators may need the strategy related to _________ when translating the underlined part in
the sentence “He is a doctor.” A. voice, number and person B. non-subject sentences
C. non-equivalence at lexical level D. newspaper headlines
43. Translators may need the strategy related to _________ when translating the underlined part in
the sentence “Vẫn chưa tìm được anh ta.” A. voice, number and person B. non-subject sentences
C. non-equivalence at lexical level D. newspaper headlines
44. In some cases, it may be appropriate to use a more _______ word to translate an English word
with no specific Vietnamese equivalent. A. abstract B. general C. necessary D. ambiguous
45. Vietnamese refers to all two-wheel, motorized vehicles as “_________”. A. xe máy B. xe hơi C. xe cộ D. xe lửa
46. Which strategy may you need when translating the underlined words/ phrases? “Much can be
done even without being physically present in the meeting” A. a more specific word B. a paraphrase lOMoARcPSD| 39099223 C. omission D. a more general word
47. Which strategy may you need when translating the underlined words/ phrases? “Người Việt
thường ăn bánh tét vào dịp Tết” A. omission
B. a loan word plus explanation C. a more specific word D. a more general word
48. Which strategy may you need when translating the underlined words/ phrases? “Pregnant women should avoid alcohol”
A. a paraphrase B. a loan word plus explanation C. a more specific word D. a cultural substitution
49. Which strategy may you need when translating the underlined words/ phrases? “She got cancer
due to the infection of HPV”
A. a paraphrase B. an explanation C. omission D. a cultural substitution
50. Which strategy may you need when translating the underlined words/ phrases? “There is a rice field near my house” A. a more specific word B. a paraphrase C. omission D. a more general word
51. Which strategy may you need when translating the underlined words/ phrases? “Cats have four paws” A. a more specific word B. a paraphrase C. omission D. a more general word
52. How can a translator deal with the problem he may meet when translating the following
sentence? “They joined the sit-in movement” A. omission
B. a fixed expression of similar meaning and form
C. paraphrasing D. a fixed expression of similar meaning but different form
53. How can a translator deal with the problem he may meet when translating the following
sentence? “Trẻ em cần bảo vệ khỏi mọi hình thức bạo lực, gây tổn thương hay xúc phạm, bỏ
mặc hoặc xao nhãng trong việc chăm sóc” A. omission
B. a fixed expression of similar meaning and form
C. paraphrasing D. a fixed expression of similar meaning but different form
54. __________ can be used when we translate an English word or concept that does not exist in Vietnamese. A. Paraphrasing B. Omission C. Substitution D. Avoidance
55. The conversational ________ of “Are you my teacher?” is “Do you want to teach me?”. lOMoARcPSD| 39099223 A. structure B. implicature C. measure D. punctuation
56. The translations must be done on the basis of the target language grammar that is _______ to the readers. A. appropriate B. same C. different D. familiar
57. All the team players fell joyful and proud when they won the game. The jubilant group formed a _______ parade. A. ballad B. fatigue C. remote D. victory
58. English makes _____________ among “mopeds”, “scooters”, and “motorcycles”.
A. appropriateness B. examinations C. evaluations D. distinctions
59. What kind of problem does a translator have to deal with when translating the following
sentence into English? “Trẻ em cần bảo vệ khỏi mọi hình thức bạo lực, gây tổn thương hay
xúc phạm, bỏ mặc hoặc xao nhãng trong việc chăm sóc”
A. idioms and fixed expressions
B. non-equivalence at lexical level
C. non-subject sentence D. headlines or proper names Unit 5:
TRANSLATION OF SYNONYMS AND COLLOCATIONS
60. “Cover, conceal, hide or mask” can be _________. A. collocations B. antonyms C. synonyms D. hypernyms
61. A(n) ________ is a word that has the same meaning, or the same general meaning. A. collocation B. antonym C. synonym D. hypernym
62. “Death” in “King’s death” is normally translated “___________”. A. cái chết B. sự ra đi C. băng hà D. viên tịch
63. The word “tìm ra” can be translated as “__________”. A. discover B. find out C. invent D. all of them
64. ___________ refers to the ways words combine in a language to produce natural- sounding speech and writing. A. Collocation B. Antonym C. Synonym D. Hypernym
UNIT 6: PATTERNS AND SOURCES OF ERRORS MADE BY VIETNAMESE TRANSLATORS
65. Vietnamese translators may make some linguistic, style and _________ errors. A. structural B. cultural C. lexical D. grammatical
66. “Drink medicine twice a day” has a _________ error. A. structural B. cultural C. lexical D. grammatical
67. “Nó lấy nhiều thời gian để phân phối hàng hóa đến các vùng xa xôi” has a _________ error. lOMoARcPSD| 39099223 A. structural B. cultural C. lexical D. style
68. The error in the sentence “Yesterday she said me a story” may be made by those who do not
pay attention to the ________. A. tense B. pronoun C. collocation D. context
69. The misuse of _________ can be seen in the sentence “Mr. Nam is experienced about teaching pupils”. A. idiom B. terminology C. collocation D. preposition
70. The sentence “She often lets the grass grow under her feet” has a(n) ________ that can make translators confused. A. idiom B. terminology C. collocation D. preposition
71. “Total working capital” can be translated as ____________
A. tổng thủ đô làm việc
B. tổng lượng công việc ở thủ đô C. tổng vốn lưu động
D. tổng biên tế chênh lệch
72. In English, there is a tendency of using more _______ structures while _______ structures are used more in Vietnamese.
A. nominal/ verbal B. verbal/ nominal C. active / passive D. passive/ creative
73. There is a tendency of using more _______ constructions in English than in Vietnamese. A. sensitive B. creative C. active D. passive
74. Some translators may not be aware of the relationship between form and function of the
sentence “Why don’t we go to the cinema?” as a(n) _______. A. advice B. statement C. request D. suggestion
PART B. Identify whether the following statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F). 1.
The same kind of sentence may also have several functions 2.
One form in a language may express many meanings. 3.
A literal translation does not communicate the meaning of the source text. 4.
An idiomatic translation has little communication value, and even sounds like nonsense in many cases. 5.
Idiomatic translation reproduces the “message” of the original but tend to distort nuances of meaning. 6.
Free translation is used mainly for plays and poetry. 7.
For better understanding, a text should be translated literally. 8.
Translators need advice from even those who know only the target language. lOMoARcPSD| 39099223 9.
Text refers to the audience for whom the translation is prepared.
10. Consultation should be done before the final draft.
11. No direct equivalents can be found in Vietnamese for English words.
12. In some cases, it may be appropriate or necessary to use a more specific word to translate an English word into Vietnamese.
13. In order to overcome structural errors, the most effective way for translators is to master the structures of both languages.
14. Errors of collocation are lexical errors.
15. “Thanks a lot” is more formal than “Many thanks”.
16. Synonyms are associations of words to occur in an environment.
17. In any language there is only one way to express one meaning.
18. The goal of a translator should be to produce a target language text which is literal.
19. Target language is the language of the translated text.
20. People need to concern the text, the target, the team, and the tools after they involve in a translation project.
21. In the analysis stage, the translator consider pictures and size of print with the whole translation team.
22. Some words have special connotations that are not conveyed by the Vietnamese word for the same thing.
23. The English word “rice” needs to be translated by a more general word in Vietnamese.
24. “Hard currency” can be translated as “đồng tiền mạnh”.
25. In Vietnamese, the social status, age, sex, and the family order are distinguished clearly and systematically.